identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F063273306FFABFF1AF9E6FC8BFCD9.text	03F063273306FFABFF1AF9E6FC8BFCD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphiola Bolivar 1896	<div><p>Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896</p><p>Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896: 17; Amédégnato, 1974: 202 ( Ommatolampinae: Abracrini); Ferreira et al. 1980: 92 (karyology); Otte, 1995: 95; Yin &amp;Yin 1996: 752; Costa et al. 2010:1 –25 (phylogeny).</p><p>Type species: Xiphiola cyanoptera Bolívar, I., by original monotypy.</p><p>Diagnosis. Within the tribe Abracrini, Xiphiola can be distinguished from other taxa by the following combination of characters: (i) macropterous; (ii) antennae ensiform; (iii) apical joint of maxillary palpomere flattened; (iv) pronotum without median carina; (v) lateral carina of pronotum well marked, rectilinear or slightly divergent posteriorly; (vi) posterior region of the metapleura distinctly darkened.</p><p>Redescription. Lectotype (Figs. 1–3). Body elongated. Integument smooth on face and abdomen. Macropterous. Medium size.</p><p>Head. In side view subrectilinear; as wide as the anterior margin of pronotum. Frontal costa prominent.</p><p>Protruding eyes. Interocular space wide or narrow. Fastigium of the vertex long with pointed apex. Antennae ensiform with 17 joints, longer than the head and pronotum together. Apical joint of maxillary palpomere flattened.</p><p>Thorax. Pronotal disc without median carina; pronotum rectangular, marked by three deep and transverse sulci, lateral carinae of the pronotum parallel or divergent; anterior margin of pronotum straight and posterior margin sinuous; metazona shorter than prozona. Lateral lobes slightly sinuous. Prosternal spine subtriangular; space between the mesosternal lobes narrower, and metasternal lobes distant. Tegmina long and oval, the apex rounded, reaching beyond the last abdominal segment; veins of tegmina strongly impressed; hind wings well developed (Fig. 5). Hind femora robust and surpassing the abdomen tip, with upper and lower carinae serrulated. Genicular lobes rounded. Hind tibiae with seven external and nine internal spines. Second hind tarsomere shorter.</p><p>Abdomen. Tympanum present. Supra-anal plate subtriangular, longer than wide, marked by deep median longitudinal sulci (Fig. 13); furculae present or not; apex of the supra-anal plate rounded or pointed, with tubercles. Subgenital plate short curved top edge, with apex pointed directed upward. Cerci long with pointed or truncate apex (Figs. 13, 24).</p><p>Phallic complex. Cingulum with long apodemes; endophallic sclerites with dorsoventrally flattened apodemes; arch of cingulum developed; gonopore with a rectangular ventral projection (Figs. 15, 26); lateroventral sclerites moderately large. Sclerites of aedeagus covered dorsally by the wide endophallic sheath, apex of the aedeagus valves divided. Slender aedeagus curved downward, with upper sclerites simple. Ectophallus membranous; ejaculatory sac relatively great (Figs. 16, 27). Bridge of the epiphallus flat (Fig. 17) or with median reentrance (Fig. 28), anterior projections almost the same size as the ancorae; lophi prominent (Figs. 17, 28), without internal conical protuberance; presence of oval sclerites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F063273306FFABFF1AF9E6FC8BFCD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Ferrari, Augusto;Zefa, Edison;Carvalho, Gervásio Silva	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Ferrari, Augusto, Zefa, Edison, Carvalho, Gervásio Silva (2016): Revision of the South American genus Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Ommatolampidinae: Abracrini). Zootaxa 4170 (3): 567-580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4170.3.9
03F063273305FFABFF1AFC65FA7CFAEF.text	03F063273305FFABFF1AFC65FA7CFAEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphiola	<div><p>Key to species of the genus Xiphiola for adult males and females</p><p>1. Male: Fastigium of the vertex long with pointed apex; interocular space narrow; pronotum rectangular; lateral carinae of the pronotum parallel and posterior margin sinuous (Fig. 12); posterior region of the metapleura distinctly darkened (Fig. 11); Hind femora with a pair of dorsal dark stripes; subgenital plate pointed; supra-anal plate with median longitudinal sulci distinctly extending beyond the middle region of the plate; furculae absent; cerci long with pointed apex (Fig. 13); bridge of the epiphallus flat (Fig. 17). Female: Apical tooth of the external ventral valve of ovipositor prominent, superior margin of the dorsal valve of the ovipositor with more than six teeth and curved (Fig. 14).............................. .. X. cyanoptera</p><p>- Male: Fastigium of the vertex short with subtriangular apex; interocular space wide; pronotum not rectangular; lateral carinae of the pronotum divergent and posterior margin straight (Fig. 23); posterior region of the metapleura slightly darkened (Fig. 22); hind femora without a pair of dorsal dark stripes; subgenital plate rounded; supra-anal plate with median longitudinal sulci protruding in anterior region of the plate and presence of tubercles; furculae present; cerci long with truncate apex (Fig. 24); bridge of the epiphallus with median reentrance (Fig. 28). Female: Apical tooth of the external ventral valve of ovipositor of the female slightly prominent; superior margin of the dorsal valve of the ovipositor with less than six teeth and not curved (Fig. 25).......................................................................................... X. borellii</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F063273305FFABFF1AFC65FA7CFAEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Ferrari, Augusto;Zefa, Edison;Carvalho, Gervásio Silva	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Ferrari, Augusto, Zefa, Edison, Carvalho, Gervásio Silva (2016): Revision of the South American genus Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Ommatolampidinae: Abracrini). Zootaxa 4170 (3): 567-580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4170.3.9
03F063273305FFA1FF1AFA6EFD8BFEE0.text	03F063273305FFA1FF1AFA6EFD8BFEE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphiola cyanoptera (Gerstaecker 1889) Gerstaecker 1889	<div><p>Xiphiola cyanoptera (Gerstaecker, 1889)</p><p>(Figs 1–19, 29)</p><p>Xiphophora cyanoptera Gerstaecker, 1889 n . syn by Carbonell (1998)</p><p>= Xiphiola cyanoptera Bolívar, 1896 (apud Eades et al. 2015)</p><p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:55628</p><p>X. cyanoptera Bolivar, 1896 is a secondary homonym of X. cyanoptera (Gerstaecker), and a junior synonym.</p><p>Bolivar, I. 1896; Giglio-Tos, 1898; Kirby, 1910 (Note), Bruner, 1920 [1919]; Descamps &amp; Amédégnato, 1970; Descamps, 1979; Passerin, 1981; Carbonell, 1998 (Unpublished List-Note); Eades et al. 2015.</p><p>Type material. Lectotype male here designated (Carbonell in 1966 already labelled the specimen as such) (Figs 1– 3): VENEZUELA, Rio Atalapo, Kheil, MNCN_Ent 139228, 1 male, C. S. Carbonell, 1966, MNCN Cat. Tipos nº 7170; Paralectotype here designated (Carbonell already labelled the specimen as such) (Figs. 4–6): PERU, Cumbase, (Garleppi Staudinger), MNCN_Ent 139223; MNCN Cat. Tipo nº 7170, 1 female; (Figs 7–10): ‘Atalapo / leg. Vráz [hw] // Xiphiola Bol. / cyanoptera / Bol. [hw] // Syntype / Xiphiola cyanoptera Bolívar, 1896 / label attached by NMP [p, red label]’, 1 male.</p><p>Diagnosis. Differs mainly from X. borellii for: (i) Fastigium of the vertex of male long with pointed apex; (ii) interocular space narrow; (iii) pronotum rectangular; (iv) lateral carinae of the pronotum parallel; (v) posterior region of the metapleura distinctly darkened; (vi) hind femora with a pair of dorsal dark stripes; (vii) supra-anal plate with median longitudinal sulci distinctly extending beyond the middle region of the plate; (viii) furculae absent; (ix) cerci long with pointed apex.</p><p>Redescription. Male lectotype (Figs. 1–3). Medium size. Macropterous. Body color ferruginous. Frontal costa sulcate and about the median ocelli strongly prominent Antennae ferruginous dark, only the articles 8–9 and 13–14 are pale. Last palpomere pale. Tegmen ferruginous, surface of the median base of tegmen black and discoid (Fig. 9). Wings blue with dark apex (Fig. 9). Genicular lobes black (Fig. 7). Hind femora with a par of dorsal dark stripes (Fig. 7). Region infero-external of the hind femora glossy black. Hind tibiae bluish. Ventral region of the thorax and abdomen black (Fig. 10).</p><p>Female paralectotype (Figs. 4–6). Same color as male. Larger in size (body length 29mm) and robust. Less prominent eyes. Fastigium wider than in males, and with sulci. Thorax, tegmen and abdomen as described for male. Valves of the ovipositor long, robust and hirsute. Apical tooth of the external ventral valve of ovipositor prominent. Superior margin of the dorsal valve of the ovipositor more than six teeth and curved.</p><p>Material examined. BRAZIL, Amazonas, Benjamim Constant, viii.1977, B. Silva, 6 males and 3 females, C. S. Carbonell, 1978 det., (AC1318, AC1324, AC1326, AC1325) Campos Seabra collection (MNRJ) ; same data, ix.1977, I. C. Lima, 1 male and 1 female, Campos Seabra collection (AC1317, MPEG); same data, viii. 1978, B. Silva, 1 female, (AC3126, MNRJ); Tabatinga, vii.1977, B. Silva, 2 males and 5 females, C. S. Carbonell det. 1978, (MNRJ) ; Amapá, Serra do Navio, 7.xi.1988, C. S Avila Pires det., 1 female, (MPEG) . Pará, Serra do Norte, Estação Fofoca, 14.v.1984, A. Nunes det., 1 male, (116000136, MPEG) ; Altamira, Castelos dos Sonhos, 14.xi.2005, J. Dias, A. Nunes det. 2006, 1 male, (MPEG) . Rondônia, Ouro Preto do Oeste, 2. x.1983, Becker, Roppa e Silva, 14 males, C. S. Carbonell det. 1984, (AC 1321, AC1322, MNRJ) ; same data, B. Silva, C. S. Carbonell det. 1984, 1 female (MNRJ); Mato Grosso, Juína, v.1985, 2 males and 2 females (1318–1321, MNRJ) ; Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas, viii.1977, Roppa &amp; Monné, 5 males and 1 female, (AC1309, MNRJ) ; PERU, Loreto, i.1980, J. Becker, 1 male, (AC1320, MNRJ) .</p><p>Measurements in mm, 33 males / 15 females, respectively: BL., 20 (18–20)/ 29 (27–29); PL.,5 (3–5)/ 7 (5–7); FL., 15 (12–15)/ 18 (14–18); TL., 21 (19–21)/ 30 (28–30).</p><p>Remarks. The type specimens of Xiphophora cyanoptera Gerstaecker were not examined. We authors confirm the synonymy proposed by Carbonell (1998), Xiphiola cyanoptera (Gerstaecker 1889) (Xiphophora) (= cyanoptera Bolívar 1896, n. syn.).</p><p>The following specimens preserved in the Museum of Madrid, have not been examined, but they are extremely important since their collecting localities expand the area of distribution of the species. Paralectotype: PERU, [Cumbase, Peru?], [Garleppi Staudinger?], 1 female. MNCN-Ent 139224; same data, 1 female. MNCN-Ent 139225; same data, 1 female, MNCN-Ent; Montealegre, Rio Pachitea, G. Tessmann, 1 male, MNCN-Ent 139232; same data, MNCN-Ent 139233; Pebas, 1 male, MNCN-Ent139227; same data, 1 female, MNCN-Ent 139230; Tarapota, 1 female, MNCN Ent 139231.</p><p>Data of private collection of Filippo Maria Buzzetti (Italy): ECUADOR, Morona Santiago, Santiago, 23.xi.2006, F. M. Buzzetti, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; same data, Wisuy, NE of Macuma, 25.iv.2006, Buzzetti, Carotti &amp; Marzotto, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; Napo, Ahuano, Guadalupana, 2.xii.2006, F. M. Buzzetti, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; Ahuano, Misicocha, 2.xii.2006, F. M. Buzzetti, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; Archidona, Santo Domingo, 4.xii.2004, G. Carotti, 1 female and 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; Estacion Cientifica Yasuni, 2.v.2002, F. M. Buzzetti, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) ; Zamora Chinchipe, Zumbi, 29.iv.2005, B. Agabiti &amp; G. Carotti, 1 male, F. M. Buzzetti det. (FMB) .</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil (Buzzetti &amp; Carotti, 2008); Peru (Giglio-Tos, 1898; Kirby, 1910); French Guyana (Bruner, 1919; Descamps &amp; Amédégnato, 1970), Venezuela (Bolívar, 1896) and Ecuador (Giglio-Tos, 1898, Buzzetti &amp; Carotti, 2008) (Fig. 29).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F063273305FFA1FF1AFA6EFD8BFEE0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Ferrari, Augusto;Zefa, Edison;Carvalho, Gervásio Silva	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Ferrari, Augusto, Zefa, Edison, Carvalho, Gervásio Silva (2016): Revision of the South American genus Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Ommatolampidinae: Abracrini). Zootaxa 4170 (3): 567-580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4170.3.9
03F06327330FFFA3FF1AFE62FE7FFA18.text	03F06327330FFFA3FF1AFE62FE7FFA18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphiola borellii Giglio-Tos 1900	<div><p>Xiphiola borellii Giglio-Tos, 1900</p><p>(Figs. 20–29)</p><p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:55631 Bruner, 1906, 1911, 1919; Rehn, 1907, 1909; Kirby, 1910; Liebermann, 1955; Dirsh, 1956; Ferreira et al.1980; Passerin, 1981; Mesa et al.1982.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female of the X. borellii, images obtained in the site Orthoptera Species File (OSF) (Figs. 20–21). Italy, Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino (MRSNT).</p><p>Diagnosis. Differs mainly from X. cyanoptera for: (i) fastigium of the vertex short with subtriangular apex; (ii) interocular space wide; (iii) pronotum not rectangular; (iv) lateral carinae of pronotum divergent; (v) posterior region of the metapleura slightly darkened; (vi) hind femora without a pair of dorsal dark stripes; (vii) supra-anal plate with median longitudinal sulci protruding in anterior region of the plate and presence of tubercles; (viii) furculae present; (ix) cerci long with truncate.</p><p>Redescription. Female. Holotype (Figs. 20–21). Macropterous. Medium size. Body color ferruginous. Frons unicolour. Tegmina homogeneously ferruginous brown. Contour of the mesoternal space black. Lower carinae of the hind femora black. Legs ferruginous; hind femora with inner surface black. Frontal costa flat and the median ocelli slightly prominent.</p><p>Male. Body ferruginous. Furculae of male distinctly developed consisting of a pair of parallel, cylindrical prominences in median region of supra-anal plate (Fig. 24).</p><p>Material examined: BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Curvelo, xii.1977, O. Roppa, 1 male (AC1308, MNRJ) ; same data, Seabra, Roppa &amp; Monné, 2 males (AC1305, MNRJ) ; Taiobeiras, xi.1977, O. Roppa, 4 males and 15 females (AC1307, MNRJ) ; Diamantina, xi.1977, Roppa &amp; Monné, 1 male (AC1303, MNRJ) ; same data, Roppa &amp; Monné, 1 female (AC1303; MNRJ) ; Poços de Caldas, viii, 1977, 2 males and 1 female, Roppa &amp; Monné, (AC1309, MNRJ); Goiás, Minaçu, 29.v– 4.vi.1987, Monné &amp; Roppa, 1 female, (AC1306, MNRJ) ; same data, 7.xii.1987, O. Roppa, 1 female (AC1310, MNRJ); Jataí, x.1982, L. Reiys, 1 male (AC1315, MNRJ) ; Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães, ix.1978, Monné, Roppa &amp; Becker, 2 males and 3 females (AC1304, MNRJ); same data, vii.1883, O. Roppa &amp; Monné, 2 females (AC1313, MNRJ); same data, vii.1983, M. Monné, 1 male, (AC1313, MNRJ); Rondonópolis, Serra da Petrolina, vii.1978, O. Roppa &amp; M. Monné, 1 female (AC1307, MNRJ) ; Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá, vii.1979, B. Silva, 2 males and 4 females (AC1314, MNRJ) ; São Paulo, Itirapira, v.1977, C. S.Carbonell &amp; A. Mesa, 2 females (AC 1312, MNRJ) ; same data, 26.viii.82, A. Mesa, F. Mello &amp; C. Fontanetti, 1 male, C. S. Carbonell det., (MZUSP); same data, 03.iv.82, A. Mesa &amp; F. Mello, 1 male, (MZUSP), same data, 04.v.1982, A. Mesa, F. Mello, 1 male, C. S. Carbonell, 1986 det., (MZUSP); same data, 14.v.1982, A. Mesa &amp; F. Mello, 5 females, C. S. Carbonell, 1986 det., (MZUSP) . PARAGUAY, Caaguazú, 12.iii.1965, C. S. Carbonell, A. Mesa, M. A. Monné, 2 males, C. S. Carbonell, 1975 det., (MZUSP) .</p><p>Measurements in mm, 22 males / 36 females, respectively: BL., 16 (15–16)/ 21 (18–21); PL., 4 (3–4)/ 6 (5–6); FL., 13 (12–13)/ 15 (14–15); TL., 18(16–18)/ 19 (18–19).</p><p>Remarks. The following materials of the Museum of Madrid have not been examined, but its localities are extremely important expanding the area of distribution of the species. BRASIL, Chapada dos Guimarães (?), near Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, August, Carn. Mus. Acc. 2966, 1 male, MNCN-Ent 139234.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil: state of Rio de Janeiro (Bruner, 1911), Carbonell, 1998 (Unpublished List), state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Chapada; Urucum (Bruner, 1906; Giglio-Tos, 1900; Carbonell, 1998 Unpublished List); Paraguay: (Bruner, 1906): departament of Sapucay and Paraguari (Rehn, 1907; Assis-Pujol &amp; Pujol-Luz (2014); Bolivia: departament of Buena Vista and Rio Japacani (Bruner, 1920); Peru: región Loreto (Kirby, 1910) (Fig. 29).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06327330FFFA3FF1AFE62FE7FFA18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Ferrari, Augusto;Zefa, Edison;Carvalho, Gervásio Silva	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Ferrari, Augusto, Zefa, Edison, Carvalho, Gervásio Silva (2016): Revision of the South American genus Xiphiola Bolívar, 1896 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Ommatolampidinae: Abracrini). Zootaxa 4170 (3): 567-580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4170.3.9
