identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F187C8FF9CFFD2FF4CFCA08D8FFF7D.text	03F187C8FF9CFFD2FF4CFCA08D8FFF7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jania crassa J. V. Lamouroux	<div><p>Jania crassa J.V.Lamouroux</p><p>—Woelkerling et al. (2015a) reported J. verrucosa as a heterotypic synonym of J. crassa . Jania crassa has been traditionally reported from subtropical and tropical coasts around the world, including Australia (Womersley and Johansen 1994, Woelkerling et al. 2015a), New Zealand (Woelkerling and Nelson 2004), Brazil (Wallace et al. 2003), and China (Xia et al. 2013). Our psb A results confirmed that all Australian, Spain and New Zealand J. crassa specimens form a monophyletic group with maximum phylogenetic support. The results here corroborate the current biogeographic hypothesis that J. crassa is widely distributed across the world.</p><p>Due to the fact that different researchers have been using different markers to study Jania systematics, we were unable to determine whether one of the two South African J. crassa cox 1 clades from Kogame et al. (2017) belong to or are phylogenetically related to the Australian, New Zealand and Spain J. crassa psb A clade. A psb A singleton from New Zealand (MK413379), morphologically identified as J. crassa by Twist et al. (2019), is phylogenetically unrelated to the main J. crassa clade (Fig. 3). If not a case of simple mix-up or misidentification, MK413379 may represent a rare new endemic species from New Zealand (Fig. 4). Future examination of herbarium specimens from the same locality as the MK413379 specimen may clarify this issue (outside the scope of this study). Psb A and cox 1 were not able to determine the phylogenetic position of J. crassa singletons MK413379 and LC071784, respectively, due to the lack of phylogenetic support, with the exception of the psb A Bayesian tree (Figs 1,2) which showed high phylogenetic support for MK413379 as a sister species to Jania cf. rosea also from New Zealand.</p><p>Lugilde et al. (2019) reported Jania longifurca Zanardini from specimens collected in northern Spain, Galicia, using morpho-anatomical and psb A phylogenetic analyses. We included their psb A sequences in our analyses. Our phylogenetic and SDM results showed that the population identified as J. longifurca from Atlantic Spain corresponds to the same entity as J. crassa from Australia and New Zealand identified by Harvey et al. (2020) and Twist et al. (2019), respectively (Figs 3,4). It is likely that J. longifurca should be synonymized with J. crassa, however further analysis of topotype material of J. longifurca or the lectotype specimen of this species is required to support this systematic conclusion. The Lugilde et al. (2019) study convincingly showed how phenotypically plastic specimens of J. crassa can show high morphological variation related to the environment, e.g., deeper maërl or stable rocks substrate. Changes in J. crassa habit in Galicia was attributed to changes in substrate type, including associated microhabitat conditions that the specimens grew on. The atypical prostate morphology grows on mäerl beds and is characterized by thin intergenicula, irregular dichotomous branching, and the presence of secondary attachment discs. The typical longer, erect, robust form grows on intertidal and subtidal rock substrate. The great capacity of J. crassa to adapt its morphology to inhabit distinct local micro-habitats might be one reason why this species has been able to successfully colonize a wide geographic range and multiple oceans. The main and first morphological character used to start the morpho-anatomical identification key to species of Jania confirmed to occur in south-eastern Australia from Harvey et al. (2020) is whether the branching pattern is either (predominantly) dichotomous or pinnate. As documented by Lugilde et al. (2019), J. crassa, as well as J. rosea from southern Australia (Gurgel, pers. observ.), can express both morphotypes, often on the same specimen. Such drastic phenotypic plasticity in a widely distributed species contributes to widespread species misidentifications in the literature. Future species identification, phylogenetic and taxonomic studies, classification proposals, and descriptions of new Jania species will ultimately rely on a mix of molecular data, supported and reinforced by detailed anatomical/morphological data.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9CFFD2FF4CFCA08D8FFF7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFF0C8CE1FCE1.text	03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFF0C8CE1FCE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jania micrarthrodia J. V. Lamouroux	<div><p>Jania micrarthrodia J.V.Lamouroux</p><p>— Jania micrarthrodia type locality is Australia, but the specific locality is debatable. Millar and Kraft (1993) suggested that the type locality is Port Philip Bay, Victoria, while Goldberg and Kendrick (2005) proposed the type locality to be the mouth of the Swan River, Western Australia. Both proposals lack supporting evidence according to Harvey et al. (2020). Jania micrarthrodia has been reported across temperate Australia, including Tasmania, and New Zealand (Silva et al. 1996, Johansen and Womersley 1994). The specimens sequenced in this study are from Bittangabee Bay (South Australia) and Coffs Harbour (New South Wales). Harvey et al. (2020) concurred with Johansen and Womersley (1994) that J. micrarthrodia thallus morphology varies widely depending on which environmental conditions (e.g., water movement) the specimen is growing in. The new psb A sequence from Jania micrarthrodia (specimen LTB18250) reported here together with GenBank psb A sequences MH017051 and MH017052 from Victoria and New South Wales, respectively, resolved J. micrarthrodia as a single clade sister to J. sphaeroramosa (Figs 3,4). Intraspecific genetic divergences among Australian J. micrarthrodia psb A sequences varied between 0.0–2.2% (p-distances), which is within the range of psb A intraspecific divergences observed for other Jania species (e.g., J. crassa: 0.0–1.2%, Jania sagitatta: 0.0–0.81%). In our psb A phylogenetic and SDM results, a specimen originally identified as J. micrarthrodia by Twist et al. (2018) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (MH017053), was resolved in the J. sphaeroramosa clade and shares a most recent common ancestor with all other J. sphaeroramosa from New Zealand. SDMs identified the Australian specimen as a distinct species from New Zealand populations, suggesting allopatric speciation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFF0C8CE1FCE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFCA08CBCFA69.text	03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFCA08CBCFA69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jania pedunculata J. V. Lamouroux	<div><p>Jania pedunculata J.V.Lamouroux</p><p>—Specimens morphologically identified as J. pedunculata var. adhaerens and J. pedunculata var. pedunculata sensu Harvey et al. (2020) were resolved as well-supported sister species (BP = 96– 100, PP = 1.0, Figs 1,3) in both cox 1 phylogenetic and SDM results. The genetic divergence between the two varieties was 4.2%. Jania pedunculata var. pedunculata was represented by sequenced specimens LTB18179, LTB18183, LTB 18198 and J. pedunculata var. adhaerens by sequenced specimens LTB 18185 and BRI709599. Harvey et al. (2020, pages 239–240) identified specimens with vegetative swollen tips (= branch apices) as J. pedunculata var. pedunculata and those without any swollen tips as J. pedunculata var adhaerens . Our molecular studies supported the Harvey et al (2020) conclusions to keep the two entities separate and future detailed molecular studies may provide further evidence that these varieties correspond to separate species. The J. pedunculata molecular results presented here also support the conclusions of Woelkerling et al. (2015b) who recognized J. pedunculata as distinct from J. crassa, in contrast to what was suggested by Johansen and Womersley (1994) and Womersley (1996). According to Harvey et al. (2020), the type of J. pedunculata var. adhaerens comes from the Mediterranean Sea. Jania pedunculata var. adhaerens and its synonyms, such as J. adhaerens, have been reported worldwide (Harvey et al. 2020). The extent of which those worldwide records represent the same entity herein recorded from south-eastern Australia or a different species still awaits molecular confirmation. Recently, specimens historically identified as J. adhaerens in Brazil, forming freeliving rounded thalli clumps, were proposed to represent a distinct species, Jania cabista Tamega et al. (2021), type locality: Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Specimens that fit the general morphological habit of J. pedunculata var. adhaerens might represent a species complex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9DFFD2FF4CFCA08CBCFA69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
03F187C8FF9DFFD5FF4CFA388B90FE15.text	03F187C8FF9DFFD5FF4CFA388B90FE15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jania rosea (Lamarck) Decaisne	<div><p>Jania rosea (Lamarck) Decaisne</p><p>— Jania rosea is extensively recorded across temperate Australia (Australian Virtual Herbarium 2022) and other parts of the world (see AlgaeBase; Guiry and Guiry 2022) such as California (Miller 2012), Brazil (Buys and Gurgel 1998), Indonesia (Atmadja and Prud’homme van Reine 2010), and Sub-Antarctic Islands (Papenfuss 1964). Johansen and Womersley (1986) reported a wide range of variation in thallus morphology in J. rosea . Specimens can grow as purely dichotomously divided thalli, resembling several other Jania species and varieties such as J. pedunculata var. pedunculata (Harvey et al. 2020, fig. 8), J. pedunculata var. adhaerens (Harvey et al. 2020, fig. 17), J. micrarthrodia (Harvey et al. 2020, fig. 6), and J. capillacea Harvey (Mendoza-González et al. 2014, figs. 30-32). Jania rosea can also display a defined slightly compressed main axis and pinnate branches, usually when growing attached to rocks in more exposed sites (Farr et al. 2009, Harvey et al. 2020), or forming well-defined main axis with opposite (or even radially and whorled) branching, resembling some delicate Corallina species (e.g., Calderon et al. 2021).</p><p>Australian J. rosea morphotypes have not been recognized as distinct species due to excessive phenotypic plasticity and the high level of observed overlap between morphotypes (Johansen and Womersley 1986, Harvey et al. 2020). Farr et al. (2009) working with New Zealand specimens, found evidence to differentiate two closely related J. rosea clades also on the basis of morphological evidence (i.e., feather versus bottlebrush morphotypes). However, Farr et al. (2009) treated these two distinct genetic entities as a single species, and emphasized ‘that further work is required, and additional species are likely to be recognized in the future’.</p><p>Cox 1 phylogenies and SDM results recognized that J.rosea from Australia is a different species and phylogenetically distantly related to the two species passing under the name J. rosea in South Africa (Kogame et al. 2017). Cox 1 molecular data showed that the lineage named J. rosea from South Africa was resolved as a paraphyletic group closely related to J. subulata (Ellis and Solander) Sonder from Hawaii (Fig. 3). In this study the psb A phylogenetic results showed that one J. rosea specimen (LTB18113) formed a clade with C. caespitosa from New Zealand and another five specimens formed a distinct clade with C. berteroi from Australia (LTB18115, LTB18117, LTB18118, LTB18182, and LTB18193), Chile (MZ262616, MZ262579) and California, USA (MZ262623). These data evidence how challenging the morphology-based taxonomy can be and that some Corallina and Jania morpho-anatomical characters overlap.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9DFFD5FF4CFA388B90FE15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFC5C8B9CF845.text	03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFC5C8B9CF845.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corallina Linnaeus	<div><p>Corallina Linnaeus</p><p>— Both Jania rosea and C. berteroi are considered species complexes with high levels of phenotypic plasticity and near worldwide distributions (Johansen and Womersley 1986, Calderon et al. 2021, Guiry and Guiry 2022). Not surprisingly Jania specimens from south-eastern Australia originally identified as J. rosea (LTB 18113, 18115, 18117, 18118, 18182), one of which was identified as J. rosea in Harvey et al. (2020), LTB18193, were molecularly identified in this study as C. berteroi based on psb A phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 5). A recent multi-locus molecular systematics study of the C. berteroi species complex confirmed the wide range of phenotypic plasticity displayed by this species that most likely reflects adaptive responses of geographically distant populations to local environmental drivers (Calderon et al. 2021). For example, C. berteroi from North Carolina, USA (NCU 628550) and from Peru (UC 1404138), reported in Calderon et al. (2021, fig.3E), resembles some J. rosea phenotypes from Australia (Johansen &amp; Womersley 1986, fig.1). Since J. rosea can be readily confused with C. berteroi by researchers with extensive knowledge of the two genera, and because the type locality of J. rosea is not fully known (therefore sequencing topotype material will not resolve this issue), the only conclusive method to confirm the correct application of the name J. rosea is to analyze DNA from the type material housed in PC.</p><p>In summary, our study provides the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the south-eastern Australian Jania species. The results identify molecular differences among Australian species confirming the previous conclusions of Harvey et al. (2020). While a high degree of morphological overlap has been reported amongst some species groups such as J. penduculata varieties, J. micrarthrodia and J. rosea, the molecular data presented here was able to distinguish all previously described morphological species as distinct phylogenetic lineages. The molecular data suggests that the two J. pedunculata varieties may be distinct species, but a more detailed molecular and morpho-anatomical analysis encompassing additional Australian collections are needed before nomenclatural changes are proposed. Specimens identified as Jania micrarthrodia form a highly supported species so far restricted in distribution to Australia. Specimens identified as Jania sagittata were recognized as another well supported species based on molecular data that occurs in both Australia and New Zealand. Specimens identified as J. rosea in Australia and New Zealand are likely not the same species. Jania rosea in general is a highly variable morpho-anatomical species complex that needs to be addressed more specifically both in Australia and worldwide. Several specimens identified as J. rosea were also confirmed by both cox 1 and psb A phylogenies to be Corallina spp. further recognizing the need for genetic analyses to confirm taxonomic identifications in both genera. Future studies must attempt to include molecular data from type or topotype specimens to ensure the correct application of all epithets determined so far by the type method. Combined data from detailed taxonomic studies and molecular analyses from difference specimen sources are effective tools to jointly clarify taxonomic identifications and solve taxonomic conundrums in coralline systematics.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFC5C8B9CF845	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFE548A32FC0D.text	03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFE548A32FC0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jania sagittata (J. V. Lamouroux) Blainville	<div><p>Jania sagittata (J.V.Lamouroux) Blainville</p><p>— Jania sagittata is considered a worldwide distributed species (Johansen and Silva 1978, Guiry and Guiry 2022). Its typical morphology has been reported in temperate Australia including Tasmania, Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, Mauritius, New Zealand, Philippines, Somalia, and South Africa (Farr et al. 2009, Harvey et al. 2020). However, according to Harvey et al. (2020), ‘Most published records and geographicdistribution statements for J. sagittata require verification by voucher specimen examination’. The cox 1 and psb A results here agree with published molecular data (Hind and Saunders 2013) that also sequenced and identified Australian specimens morphologically identified as stereotypical J. sagittata in Australia and New Zealand. However, the topotype or type material of J. sagittata from Mauritius has not been analyzed to conclusively confirm the correct application of this name in other parts of the world.</p><p>All of the phylogenetic and SDM analyses reported here for cox 1 and psb A markers were consistent in recognizing that all south-eastern Australian and New Zealand sequenced specimens of J. sagittata correspond to a single species (Figs 1–4). In cox 1 phylogenies (Fig. 1), J. sagittata was sister to J. cultrata (Harvey) Kim, Guiry and Choi from South Africa and differed by a 5.8% sequence divergence. Psb A phylogenies showed that Australia and New Zealand share the same J. sagittata species with 0.81% intraspecific sequence divergence (Fig. 3).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C8FF9AFFD5FF4CFE548A32FC0D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Macagnan, Leonardo B.;Venturin, Claudia S.;Azevedo, Marina L.;Harvey, Adela;Gurgel, C. Frederico D.	Macagnan, Leonardo B., Venturin, Claudia S., Azevedo, Marina L., Harvey, Adela, Gurgel, C. Frederico D. (2023): Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox 1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 606 (2): 87-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.2.1
