identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FF7D6EFFAA1F7BFF0C56A3FB17F0FD.text	03FF7D6EFFAA1F7BFF0C56A3FB17F0FD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caloneis australis Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Caloneis australis Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 1–17)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 1 – 12): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Fig. 12). Larger valves linear with weakly undulating margins, slightly inflated in the middle, and broadly rounded, almost not-protracted apices (Figs 2, 3). Smaller valves linear to linear-elliptic with almost straight margins and broadly rounded, non-protracted apices (Figs 9 – 11). Initial valves (Fig. 1) with distinctly inflated valve margins in the valve middle. Valve dimensions (n=16): length 17.0–40.2 (42.0) μm, width 4.6–6.2 (7.7) μm. Axial area linear, very narrow near the apices but gradually widening towards the central area. Central area forming a broad rectangular, occasionally (Fig. 11) asymmetrical fascia. Two lunate markings always visible in the central area in LM, located on both sides of the proximal raphe endings. Initial valves (Fig. 1) lacking raphe, with clearly lanceolate axial area widening to the valve middle, forming a rhombic central area, bordered on both sides by short striae. Raphe lateral with unilaterally weakly deflected, indistinct, distantly spaced proximal raphe endings, terminating in the central area beyond the striae. Distal raphe fissures visible in larger and medium-sized valves (e. g., Figs 3, 5), strongly hooked opposite to the proximal raphe endings. Striae parallel to weakly radiate throughout the entire valve, 22–24 in 10 μm. Longitudinal lines are hard to resolve. SEM observations (Figs 13–17): Valve face flat, curving into a deep mantle (Fig. 13). Mantle quite large with a straight margin showing several longer irregular, deep slits and small rounded plaques (Figs 15, 17, arrows). Striae continuing shortly onto the mantle, multiseriate, composed of four rows of small, rounded poroids, occluded by hymenes (Figs 14, 15). Raphe branches straight with almost straight to weakly unilaterally deflected, indistinct proximal raphe endings (Figs 13, 14). Distal raphe fissures elongated, hooked, continuing onto the mantle (Fig. 13). Several (6–7) elliptic, shallow depressions, organized in two lunate patterns present in the central area (Figs 13, 14). Internally, raphe branches straight. Proximal raphe endings shortly unilaterally bent (Fig. 16). Distal raphe endings terminating onto small linear-elliptical helictoglossae (Fig. 16). Axial plate covering the alveoli, leaving only small marginal openings bordered by costae ridges, weakly thickened and raised from the valve face (Fig. 16). Girdle composed of at least three, open bands, with a single row of small, elliptical pores on the pars exterior (Fig. 17).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Livingston Island, Byers Peninsula, sample BY062 (62° 38’ 34.5” S, 61° 00’ 39.5” W, 80 m a.s.l.), B. Van de Vijver, 17 January 2009 (holotype BR! 4449, isotype PLP! 303).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet ‘ australis ’ (Latin for ‘southern’) refers to the geographic distribution of the new species.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Caloneis australis has been observed with certainty on all major islands of the South Shetland Archipelago and on James Ross Island. It is however likely that the species is more widespread in the region but up to now it has been reported probably under the name of Caloneis bacillum. Careful analysis of all past records of the latter taxon in Antarctica should lead to a better biogeographical distribution of the new species. Large populations of Caloneis australis are typical in both larger lakes and small pools on the islands with a slightly alkaline pH (7.1–7.8), low to moderate conductivity (50–670 μS/cm) and low nutrient and sulphate levels.</p> <p>Family Pinnulariaceae</p> <p>Genus Chamaepinnularia Lange-Bertalot &amp; Krammer in Lange-Bertalot &amp; Metzeltin (1996: 32)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFAA1F7BFF0C56A3FB17F0FD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFAA1F7CFF0C53EFFC50F2BB.text	03FF7D6EFFAA1F7CFF0C53EFFC50F2BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chamaepinnularia elliptica Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Chamaepinnularia elliptica Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 18–34)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 18–30): Valves elliptic-lanceolate to rhombic-elliptic (e. g. Figs 20, 25) in larger specimens, more strictly elliptic in smaller valves with clearly convex margins and broadly rounded apices. Valve dimensions (n=27): length 12.0–15.0 μm, width 3.8– 4.5 μm. Valves on Livingston Island, the South Shetland Islands (Figs 28–30) slightly smaller than valves on James Ross Island (Figs 18–27). Axial area weakly lanceolate, narrow near the apices and gradually widening towards the central area. Central area variable in size, rhombic (e. g. Fig. 26) to rounded (e. g. Fig. 27), rarely asymmetric (Fig. 19), bordered on both sides by several shortened striae, never forming a fascia. Raphe straight with straight simple to weakly drop-like expanded pores. Distal fissures not discernible in LM. Striae radiate in the middle, becoming parallel toward the apices, 22–24 in 10 μm. SEM observations (Figs 31–34): Striae composed of two large areolae, one located on the valve face and a second on the mantle, separated by a silica line at the valve face/mantle junction, covered externally by porous hymenes (Figs 31, 32). Areolae continuing around the poles (Fig. 32). Virgae and striae of equal width. Raphe branches straight. Proximal external raphe endings shortly deflected to one side, terminating in small, spatulate pores (Figs 31, 32). Distal raphe fissures short, finishing on the valve face, deflected opposite the central raphe endings (Figs 31, 32). Internally, proximal raphe endings unilaterally bent (Fig. 34). Distal endings terminating in small helictoglossae (Fig. 33). Central nodule clearly developed (Fig. 33).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. James Ross Island: Lachman 2 Lake, sample JRI-D02 (63° 47’ 59.9” S, 57° 48’ 31.1” W), L. Nedbalová, 22 January 2008 (holotype BR! 4450, isotype PLP! 304).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the overall elliptic shape of the valves of this species.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Chamaepinnularia elliptica has been found on several localities in the Maritime Antarctic Region, although never in large populations. The largest populations were observed on James Ross Island and Livingston Island. On James Ross Island, the species was found in a large, coastal lake with an almost circumneutral pH (7.3) and a low conductivity value (120 μS/cm). On Livingston Island, the largest population was recorded in a circumneutral (pH 6.7) run-off river from the Rotch Dome ice cap bordering Byers Peninsula. Only a few valves were observed on King George Island and Nelson Island (South Shetland Islands) among cyanobacterial mats and green algae on the bottom of small pools and on very wet soils.</p> <p>Family Cosmioneidaceae</p> <p>Genus Cosmioneis D.G. Mann &amp; Stickle in Round et al. (1990: 665)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFAA1F7CFF0C53EFFC50F2BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFAC1F7EFF0C50EFFD5FF7AF.text	03FF7D6EFFAC1F7EFF0C50EFFD5FF7AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmioneis regigeorgiensis Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Cosmioneis regigeorgiensis Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 35–45)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 35–42): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Fig. 35). Valves linear with parallel margins, showing occasionally a slight concavity in the middle (Fig. 41). Valve apices protracted, rostrate, bluntly rounded. Pseudosepta present (Fig. 38). Valve dimensions (n=10): length 35–50 μm, width 9.5–10.5 μm. Axial area very narrow, linear. Central area small, elliptic (Fig. 37) to rounded (Fig. 42). Raphe filiform, straight to weakly undulated. Proximal raphe endings almost straight, drop-like. Distal fissures elongated, sickle-shaped. Striae coarsely punctate, weakly to moderately radiate in the middle, where more distantly spaced, 8–11 in 10 μm, becoming more radiate and denser towards the apices, 16–18 in 10 μm. Areolae visible in LM, ca. 22–24 in 10 μm. SEM observations (Figs 43–45): Mantle margin clearly undulating (Fig. 43). Girdle consists of several perforated bands (Fig. 43). Striae uniseriate, composed of small, rounded areolae (Fig. 44). Proximal raphe endings spathulate. Distal fissures shortly continuing onto the mantle (Fig. 44). Internally, large pseudosepta clearly visible (Fig. 45). Central nodule well developed, clearly raised (Fig. 45). Proximal raphe endings anchor-shaped (Fig. 45). Distal endings terminating onto small helictoglossae. Striae forming one long groove, covered by porous hymenes. Virgae weakly raised (Fig. 45).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: King George Island, Fildes Peninsula, sample KGI9 (62° 11’ 34.0” S, 58° 55’ 47.6” W), B. Uzunov, 30 January 2013 (holotype BR! 4451, isotype PLP! 305).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet ‘ regigeorgiensis ’ refers to the island where the species was described from: King George Island, ‘ regi ’ (from Latin ‘ rex ’, meaning king) and ‘ georgiensis ’ (from George).</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Cosmioneis regigeorgiensis has only been found in the type locality on King George Island. The sample was an endolithic algal sample, taken from a cracked coastal rock. The dominant species in the sample was Humidophila vojtajarosikii Kopalová et al. in Kopalová et al. (2015: 126) and contained, besides other Humidophila taxa and several Luticola species, Achnanthes taylorensis D.E. Kellogg et al. (1980: 174– 175) and several marine species, probably blown on the rock surface by seasprays.</p> <p>Family Naviculaceae</p> <p>Genus Mayamaea Lange-Bertalot (1997: 71)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFAC1F7EFF0C50EFFD5FF7AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFAF1F7EFF0C551AFC36F323.text	03FF7D6EFFAF1F7EFF0C551AFC36F323.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mayamaea sweetloveana Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Mayamaea sweetloveana Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 46–58)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 46–56): Valves elliptic with convex margins and broadly rounded, never protracted apices. Valve dimensions (n=20): length 6.0–7.0 μm, width 3.0–3.5 μm. Axial area very narrow, linear, conforming with the sternum. Central area almost entirely lacking. Raphe straight, enclosed in a heavily silicified sternum. Distal raphe fissures not discernible in LM. Striae strongly radiate throughout the entire valve, 25–30 in 10 μm. Central striae alternatingly shortened. Areolae not discernible in LM. SEM observations (Figs 57–58): Striae composed of several square to rounded areolae, ca. 50 in 10 μm, covered externally by clearly porous hymenes. Areolae becoming more elongated near the valve mantle (Fig. 57). Around the apices areolae more slit-like, positioned at the mantle/valve face junction. External raphe branches straight with distinctly enlarged, spathulate, almost not deflected proximal raphe endings. Distal raphe fissures very short, deflected opposite to the proximal raphe endings, never continuing onto the mantle but terminating near the last striae at the apices (Fig. 57). Internal raphe branches straight with simple proximal raphe endings (Fig. 58). Distal raphe endings terminating onto small helictoglossae (Fig. 58). Areolae clearly visible as rectangular to rounded pores (Fig. 58).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. James Ross Island: Ulu Peninsula, Nadĕje Lake, sample D24 (63° 48’ 51.9” S, 57° 50’ 05.6” W), L. Nedbalová, 13 February 2008 (holotype BR! 4452, isotype PLP! 306).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to Drs. Maxime Sweetlove (Ghent University, Belgium), member of the CCAMBIO project.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Mayamaea sweetloveana has up to now only been found in a few samples from James Ross Island. Due to confusion with other Mayamaea taxa such as M. atomus (Kützing 1844: 108) Lange-Bertalot (1997: 72) and M. permitis (Hustedt 1945: 919) Bruder &amp; Medlin (2008: 327), its actual distribution is not entirely clear. The largest population (almost 75% of all counted valves) was observed in Nadĕje Lake, a cirque lake on Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island). This is a rather shallow lake at an elevation of 240 m a.s.l. with an alkaline pH (8.4), low conductivity (&lt;250 μS/cm) and low nutrient and phosphate values.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFAF1F7EFF0C551AFC36F323	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFAF1F70FF0C5096FE95F2FF.text	03FF7D6EFFAF1F70FF0C5096FE95F2FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mayamaea tytgatiana Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Mayamaea tytgatiana Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 59–80)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 59–76): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Fig. 76). Valves narrowly linear-lanceolate with weakly convex margins and gradually narrowing, slightly protracted, rounded to almost subrostrate apices. Valve dimensions (n=28): length 12.0– 15.0 μm, width 2.5–3.0 μm. Axial area very narrow, linear. Central area forming a bow-tie shaped, asymmetrical fascia, widening toward the margins. Raphe slightly curved with distinct, drop-like enlarged proximal endings, weakly deflected to one side. Distal raphe fissures barely visible in LM, hooked. Striae moderately radiate in the middle, becoming parallel and even weakly convergent toward the apices, 19–22 in 10 μm. Areolae not discernible in LM. SEM observations (Figs 77–80): Striae composed of several rounded areolae, ca. 35 in 10 μm, covered externally by clearly porous hymenes (Figs 77, 78).Areolae gradually becoming smaller on the valve mantle, usually rounded, rarely slit-like near the mantle edge (Fig. 79, arrows). At the apices mantle areolae often elongated (Fig. 79). External raphe branches straight to weakly curved with distinctly enlarged, weakly unilaterally deflected proximal raphe endings (Figs 77, 78). Distal raphe fissures elongated, hooked opposite to the proximal raphe endings, continuing onto the mantle (Figs 77, 79). Internally, central nodule thickened (Fig. 80). Internal raphe branches straight with simple proximal raphe endings (Fig. 80). Distal raphe endings terminating onto small helictoglossae (Fig. 80). Areolae clearly visible as rounded pores (Fig. 80).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Deception Island, sample D37 (62° 59’ 25.5” S, 60° 37’ 31.7” W), R. Zidarova, 24 January 2013 (holotype BR! 4453, isotype PLP! 307).</p> <p>FIGURES 46–58. Mayamaea sweetloveana sp. nov. LM &amp; SEM pictures taken from the holotype population (sample D24) from James Ross Island. 46–56. LM views of 11 valves from the type population. 57. SEM of an entire valve, external view. 58. SEM of an entire valve, internal view. Scale bar represents 10 μm except for figs 57 and 58 where scale bar = 5 μm.</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to Dr. Bjorn Tytgat (University of Ghent), member of the CCAMBIO project.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution:— Mayamaea tytgatiana has up to now only been found in a few samples from Deception Island (South Shetland Islands). The largest population was observed on almost dry mosses growing in a small crack of a costal rock. The accompanying diatom flora included typically aerophilic diatom taxa, such as various Luticola and Humidophila species.</p> <p>Family Neidiaceae</p> <p>Genus Muelleria</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFAF1F70FF0C5096FE95F2FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFA01F73FF0C56A3FEE3F584.text	03FF7D6EFFA01F73FF0C56A3FEE3F584.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Muelleria pimpireviana Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Muelleria pimpireviana Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 81–91)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 81–89): Valves linear with broadly rounded apices. Larger and medium-sized valves with a distinct inflation in the middle (Figs 81–88). Smallest valves with straight, non-inflated, parallel margins (Fig. 89). Valve dimensions (n=17): length 18.3–47.5 μm, width 6.0–9.0 μm. Axial narrow, linear, widening in the valve center to form a small, elliptic central area. Raphe straight. Proximal raphe endings moderately distantly spaced, clearly unilaterally bent at an angle of approx. 90 degrees, long, extending to the first row of areolae. Distal raphe endings visible in largest valves, bifurcate (Fig. 81). Striae near the central area (4–5 striae) more distantly spaced than the others, radiate, whereas other striae only slightly radiate, becoming parallel and denser toward the apices, finally parallel to very slightly convergent (Figs 85, 86). Central striae 11–16 in 10 μm, distal striae 19–22 in 10 μm.Areolae coarse, 15–20 in 10 μm. SEM observations (Figs 90–91): Striae composed of rounded to slightly transapically elongated areolae of almost equal size (Fig. 90). Proximal raphe endings clearly unilaterally bent, extending up to, or into, but never beyond the first row of areolae (Fig. 90). Distal raphe endings straight, clearly bifurcate, terminating shortly onto the valve face just before the valve face/valve mantle junction (Fig. 91). Striae continuing curving around the distal raphe endings and onto the mantle (Fig. 91). Canal punctae never observed (Figs 90, 91). Due to the rarity of the species in the samples, observations on the valve interior could not be made.</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Nelson Island, sample NI 26 (62° 14’ 10.1” S, 59° 00’ 05.6” W), R. Zidarova, 20 February 2013 (holotype BR! 4454, isotype PLP! 308).</p> <p>Etymology: —The species is named after Prof. Dr. Christo Pimpirev (Bulgarian Antarctic Institute), a leader of 24 Bulgarian Antarctic expeditions, to acknowledge his personal long-term dedication to Antarctica, and without whom Bulgarian scientific campaigns on the South Shetland Islands would not have been possible.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Muelleria pimpireviana has been rarely observed on several islands of the South Shetland Archipelago (Nelson Island, King George Island and Livingston Island). The largest population was found in a moist, circumneutral (pH 7.1) soil at the base of a coastal rock on Nelson Island. The accompanying diatom flora included several other Muelleria species and various Luticola and Pinnularia taxa. Occasionally, the species was also observed on wet terrestrial mosses and on the bottom of a shallow pool.</p> <p>Family Naviculaceae</p> <p>Genus Navicula</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFA01F73FF0C56A3FEE3F584	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFA21F73FF0C5734FE89F0D8.text	03FF7D6EFFA21F73FF0C5734FE89F0D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Navicula romanedwardii Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Navicula romanedwardii Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 92–98, 104–118)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 92–98, 104–114): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Fig. 92). Valves lanceolate to rhombic-lancoleolate (e. g., Figs 96, 97). Margins usually clearly convex. Valve apices acutely rounded, never protracted. Valve dimesions (n=20): length 23–29 μm, width 5.5–7.0 μm. Axial area narrow, widening towards the central area. Central area rather small, rhombic, widening towards the margins. Single shortened stria present on each side of the central area. Raphe filiform, straight. Proximal raphe endings deflected, terminating in distinctly drop-like pores. Distal fissures hooked towards the secondary side. Striae in the valve middle strongly radiate, becoming parallel to weakly convergent near the apices, 8–10 in 10 μm. Areolae discernible in LM. SEM observations (Figs 115–118): Striae composed of small lineolae, ca. 35 in 10 μm (Fig. 115). Striae narrower than the virgae (Figs 115, 116). At each valve apex, one transapically positioned slit present next to the distal raphe fissures (Fig. 115, arrows). External raphe branches situated on a thickened, raised sternum (Fig. 115). Proximal raphe endings drop-like expanded (Fig. 115). Distal raphe fissures elongated, continuing onto the mantle and finishing at the valve poles below the slits (Fig. 115). Internally, areolae situated in transapically running grooves (Fig. 118). Areolae occluded by individual hymenes (Fig. 117). Raphe running laterally on a distinctly developed raphe sternum, continuing near the well developed, apically elongated central nodule (Fig. 118). Internal distal raphe endings terminating shortly onto small helictoglossae (Fig. 117).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. James Ross Island: soil near Muddy Lake, sample JRI-D18 (63° 51’ 50.1” S, 57° 57’ 12.2” W), L. Nedbalová, 1 February 2008 (holotype BR! 4455, isotype PLP! 309).</p> <p>Etymology: —The species is named after Mr. Roman Edward, a sailor and zodiac boat driver during several Bulgarian Antarctic expeditions, in recognition of his help in the scientific activities on Livingston Island.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Navicula romanedwardii is a widely distributed species in Maritime Antarctica, observed on all major islands of the South Shetland Archipelago and on James Ross Island. The species had also been recorded on the Antarctic continent (see Van de Vijver et al. 2011b). On James Ross Island, the largest populations were found in the epipelon and epilithon of larger lakes, having an almost circumneutral to slightly alkaline pH (6.8–7.6), moderate to high specific conductance values (100–200 μS/cm) and moderate nutrient values (TP 46–592 μg/L), together with various Nitzschia species. On the South Shetland Islands Navicula romanedwardii was observed in a variety of habitats, ranging from small pools and streams to moss vegetation cover and soils, but usually in low abundances. A large population was found on Deception Island (South Shetland Islands) on almost dry mosses. Occasionally, the species was also observed in seepage areas.</p> <p>Family Pinnulariaceae</p> <p>Genus Pinnularia</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFA21F73FF0C5734FE89F0D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFA21F74FF0C5390FD41F2EE.text	03FF7D6EFFA21F74FF0C5390FD41F2EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pinnularia pinseeliana Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Pinnularia pinseeliana Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 119–135)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 119–131): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Fig. 119). Valves narrowly lanceolate with weakly but still markedly convex, never parallel margins. Apices non (Figs 130, 131) to weakly protracted (Figs 120, 125), never capitate nor rostrate, broadly rounded. Valve dimensions (n=25): length 24–30 μm, width 4.5–5.5 μm. Axial area narrow near the apices, gradually but distinctly widening towards the central area. Central area large, forming a rectangular (rarely) to wedge-shaped (mostly) fascia. Raphe lateral, with straight to weakly curved branches. Proximal raphe endings clearly expanded, drop-like, unilaterally deflected. Distal raphe fissures elongated, hooked. Striae strongly radiate near the central area, becoming convergent near the apices, 13–15 in 10 μm. Striae near the central area shortened. Longitudinal lines absent. SEM observations (Figs 132–135): Striae externally covered by hymena (Fig. 132). Alveoli composed of 6–7 rows of small areolae (Fig. 133). Raphe curved. Proximal raphe endings drop-like, deflected (Fig. 132). Distal fissures elongated, continuing onto the mantle (Fig. 132). Internally, raphe continuous over the central nodule due to siliceous flap covering the proximal endings (Fig. 134). Distal endings terminating on short helictoglossae (Fig. 134). Alveoli opening via a small elliptic fenestra to the valve interior, showing 6–7 rows of small, rounded areolae (Figs 134, 135). Between the alveoli, virgae bearing elevated siliceous outgrowths (Fig. 135, arrows).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Deception Island, sample CC 2 (62° 58’ 24.0” S, 60° 42’ 30.0” W), G. Mataloni, February 2002 (holotype BR! 4456, isotype PLP! 310).</p> <p>Etymology: —The species is named after Drs. Eveline Pinseel in recognition of her important scientific contributions to the taxonomy and morphology of the genus Pinnularia, more specifically the Pinnularia borealis -complex.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Pinnularia pinseeliana is a rare species and only found in some soil samples on Deception Island (South Shetland Archipelago). The largest population was observed in a warm soil at Cerro Caliente. The soil had a temperature of 19.1 °C and was further characterized in having a weakly acid pH (6.3), a very low conductivity (50 μS/cm) and a rather high amount of organic matter (6.5%) (Fermani et al. 2007).</p> <p>Family Sellaphoraceae</p> <p>Genus Sellaphora Mereschkowsky (1902: 186)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFA21F74FF0C5390FD41F2EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFA41F76FF0C56A3FD72F4C8.text	03FF7D6EFFA41F76FF0C56A3FD72F4C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sellaphora antarctica Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Sellaphora antarctica Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 136–156)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 136–153): Frustules in girdle view rectangular (Figs 152, 153). Valves linear-elliptic with weakly convex to almost parallel (largest specimens) margins. Valve apices not protracted, bluntly rounded. Valve dimensions (n=20): length 7.5–15.0 μm, width 2.5–3.5 μm. Axial area narrow, linear, not or only weakly widening (Fig. 136) near the central area. Central area large, rounded, sometimes asymmetrical (Fig. 149), bordered on both sides by usually 2, up to 4 shortened striae. Raphe slightly curved with indistinct to slightly expanded, distantly spaced proximal raphe endings. Distal raphe fissures not visible in LM. Striae radiate in the middle, becoming parallel at the apices, 18–21 in 10 μm. Areolae not discernible in LM. SEM observations (Figs 154–156): Externally, valve face flat (Fig. 154, 155). Striae biseriate composed of small, almost rounded to slightly apically elongated areolae (Fig. 154). Striae bordering the central area becoming uniseriate near the valve middle (Figs 154, 155). External raphe branches straight to weakly curved. Proximal raphe endings almost straight, simple, never expanded (Fig. 154). Distal raphe fissures elongated, hooked opposite the proximal raphe endings, continuing onto the mantle (Fig. 154, 155). Mantle striae very short, finishing immediately beyond the valve face/mantle junction (Fig. 155). Around the apices striae reduced to a few areolae (Fig. 154). Valvocopula with one row of rounded poroids (Fig. 155). Internally, raphe straight with simple, weakly unilaterally deflected proximal raphe endings (Fig. 156). Distal raphe endings terminating onto weakly developed helictoglossae (Fig. 156). Areolae internally occluded by individual hymenes. At each apex, one shallow depression present (Fig. 156, arrow).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Livingston Island, Byers Peninsula, sample BYM-051 (62° 38’ 20.1” S, 61° 06’ 44.2” W, 60 m a.s.l.), B. Van de Vijver, 15 January 2009 (holotype BR! 4457, isotype PLP! 311).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the region where the species was first discovered. Ecology and confirmed distribution: —Due to possible confusion with Sellaphora seminulum (Grunow 1860:</p> <p>552) D.G. Mann (1989: 2) in the past the exact distribution of S. antarctica based on literature data is not known. The new species has been found with certainty on Livingston Island and King George Island (South Shetland Islands) and on James Ross Island. Under the name Sellaphora cf. seminulum it was also reported from Signy Island (South Orkney Islands) and Beak Island (Antarctic Peninsula area) by Sterken et al. (2015, figs 3BR-BT). The largest population of Sellaphora antarctica was found living on submerged mosses in a large lake having a circumneutral pH (7.3) and a low conductivity level (&lt;100 μS/cm). The sample was dominated by several Psammothidium (Grunow in Cleve &amp; Grunow 1880: 21) Bukhtiyarova &amp; Round (1996: 3) taxa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFA41F76FF0C56A3FD72F4C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
03FF7D6EFFA71F77FF0C5780FA4BF643.text	03FF7D6EFFA71F77FF0C5780FA4BF643.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sellaphora gracillima Zidarova, Kopalova & Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Sellaphora gracillima Zidarova, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 157–177)</p> <p>LM observations (Figs 157–174): Valves linear to linear-elliptic with almost parallel or weakly convex valve margins. Apices non protracted, broadly rounded. Valve dimensions (n=25): length: 8.5–14.0 μm, width 2.5–3.5 μm. Axial area very narrow, linear. Central area moderately large, transapically elongated, rounded (Fig. 157) to rectangular (Fig. 172) but often asymmetrical in shape due to several (2–5) irregularly shortened striae. Raphe filiform with straight, indistinct proximal raphe endings. Distal raphe endings not discernible in LM. Striae fine, radiate throughout the entire valve, 30–32 in 10 μm. Striae near the central area weakly curved. Areolae not visible in LM. SEM observations (Figs 175–177): Externally, valve face flat (Figs 175, 177). External raphe branches straight to slightly curved (Fig. 175). Proximal raphe endings weakly and gradually expanded, almost straight to weakly unilaterally deflected (Fig. 175). Distal raphe fissures elongated, hooked opposite the proximal raphe endings, continuing onto the mantle beyond the last striae (Fig. 175). Striae uniseriate, composed of small rounded areolae, shortly extending onto the mantle to just below the valve face/mantle junction (Figs 175, 177). Areolae near the axial area slightly larger than the others (Fig. 175). Open foramina present at the apices (Fig. 175). Internally (Fig. 176), raphe straight. Proximal raphe endings terminating on a thickened central nodule, weakly deflected. Distal raphe endings terminating onto weakly developed helictoglossae. Internal areolar openings rounded, covered by individual, porous hymenes (Fig. 176). Shallow depressions present at both valve apices (Fig. 176). Girdle composed of 2 open copulae, the valcocopula bearing a single row of small rounded poroids (Fig. 177).</p> <p>Type: — ANTARCTICA. South Shetland Islands: Livingston Island, Byers Peninsula, sample BY049 (62° 38’ 43.1” S, 61° 02’ 22.9” W, 75 m a.s.l.), B. Van de Vijver, 14 January 2009 (holotype BR! 4458, isotype PLP! 312).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet ‘ gracillima ’ refers to the fine striation of the species.</p> <p>Ecology and confirmed distribution: — Sellaphora gracillima has been probably reported in the past as Eolimna (Navicula) minima (Grunow in Van Heurck 1880: 107) Lange-Bertalot in Moser et al. (1998: 153) or as Navicula tantula Hustedt (1943: 162) on several localities in the Maritime Antarctic Region (Kellogg &amp; Kellogg 2002, Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver 2013, Kopalová et al. 2013, 2014, Sterken et al. 2015, figs 3AX, AY). So far, it is only with certainty present on Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. The largest population was observed in a lake situated on the main central plateau on Byers Peninsula, next to Limnopolar Lake at an altitude of 75 m. The lake has a pH of 7.6 with a conductivity value of 60 μS/cm. Both nutrient and mineral levels are quite low (Kopalová &amp; Van de Vijver 2013).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF7D6EFFA71F77FF0C5780FA4BF643	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zidarova, Ralitsa;Kopalová, Kateřina;Vijver, Bart Van De	Zidarova, Ralitsa, Kopalová, Kateřina, Vijver, Bart Van De (2016): Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region). Phytotaxa 272 (1): 37-62, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.272.1.2
