taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F987F1FFB76142FFC6F921BC96FB09.taxon	materials_examined	Type: NEW SOUTH WALES. Macquarie River, Oct. 1822, A. Cunningham 92 (syn: lectotype, designated here: K [K 000717168 image!]; isolecto: BM [BM 001015520 image!], BRI [AQ 021623 image!], K [K 000717167 image!], MEL [MEL 62119 image!]).	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB76142FFC6F921BC96FB09.taxon	description	Description Spreading to prostrate aromatic shrub to 50 cm high and 100 cm wide. Branchlets terete, leaf bases not decurrent, smooth or slightly to prominently glandular – tuberculate, pubescent with simple hairs; hairs to ~ 0.5 mm long. Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 1.5 – 3.5 mm long, pilose, glandular tuberculate; central leaflet cuneate – obovate, 2 – 9 mm long, 1.5 – 5 mm wide, margins glandular crenulate and slightly undulate, flat to recurved, apex rounded to obcordate; adaxial surface slightly glandular – verrucose, sometimes only near margins, hirsute; abaxial surface not glandular – verrucose on lamina, hirsute, midrib slightly raised, hirsute, glandular – verrucose, sometimes sparsely so, secondary venation obscure; lateral leaflets similar to terminal leaflets and slightly shorter to slightly longer. Inflorescence shorter than leaves, 1 – 3 - flowered; peduncle 1 – 2.5 (– 9) mm long, not glandular tuberculate; pedicle 1 – 3 mm long, not glandular tuberculate; prophylls leaflike, smaller than leaves, simple or trifoliolate, to 5 mm long. Sepals 0.75 – 1.5 mm long and wide, deltate, slightly glandular – verrucose, hirsute abaxially. Petals valvate, 1.0 – 2.5 (– 4) mm long, very pale pink to creamy white, deciduous with fruit, adaxial surface with few hairs or glabrous, abaxial surface pilose. Disc glabrous, with four antisepalous lobes. Stamens 4, opposite sepals; filaments glabrous or with few hairs adaxially, slightly glandular – verrucose apically; anther glabrous, without an apiculum. Ovary glabrous, becoming pubescent with maturity; style glabrous, short, narrow; stigma slightly wider than style, 4 - lobed. Cocci not apiculate, not glandular – verrucose though glandular or glandular – verrucose with large hemispherical glands, pubescent, 2.5 – 4 mm long, 2 – 2.5 mm wide. Seed black, striated, 2.0 – 2.5 mm long, 1.2 – 2.0 mm wide (Fig. 5).	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB76142FFC6F921BC96FB09.taxon	distribution	Distribution A restricted species known from two small areas near Bathurst and Wellington, New South Wales, Australia. Specific geolocation details have been suppressed to protect the species. Habitat and ecology Grows in previously cleared areas in Eucalyptus and Callitris woodland and shrubland on granitic hillsides with a weedy understory of herbs and grasses. Brachychiton has been recorded from some populations. Phenology Flowers have been recorded from September to December, and March and May; fruit have been recorded from September to March. Taxonomy and typification Cunningham (1825) indicated that the original material of Zieria obcordata was collected from near the Macquarie River. Both populations, here recognised as subspecies, occur near the Macquarie River in the Bathurst and Wellington areas. The two subspecies are distinguished morphologically by the absence or presence of glandular tubercles on the cocci and stems. The isolectotypes at the Queensland Herbarium (BRI) and National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL) have cocci that are smooth, therefore the form from the Bathurst area is the type subspecies and the population near Wellington is newly described below as Z. obcordata subsp. wuuluman. Armstrong (2002), when revising the genus Zieria, designated one of the syntypes of Z. obcordata lodged at Kew as the holotype without discussion. As outlined by McNiell (2014) this is not considered to be a valid approach and the type collections listed by Armstrong (2002) are syntypes. Zieria obcordata is lectotypified above against the specimen at Kew that Armstrong (2002) designated the holotype as this is still the logical specimen to use, containing the appropriate data (collector, location, date, etc.) and being in good condition. Conservation status Zieria obcordata is currently listed as an Endangered species in both New South Wales and Australian legislation. The species has an active conservation plan (New South Wales Department of Environment and Conservation 2007; Saving our Species Program 2020). Both subspecies have been assessed as Critically Endangered (see below under each subspecies) and the species listing requires review. Formally listing each subspecies separately would be appropriate.	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB56143FF76F9F4BCB5FA35.taxon	description	Description Branchlets not prominently glandular – verrucose or with scattered glandular tubercles. Cocci smooth, glandular but not prominently glandular – verrucose.	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB56143FF76F9F4BCB5FA35.taxon	distribution	Distribution Confined to a number of subpopulations near Crackerjack Rock, west of Bathurst, Central Tablelands, New South Wales. Conservation assessment Zieria obcordata subsp. obcordata is localised and known from several subpopulations that occur over a limited area that is ~ 3.5 km across. The species has been extensively surveyed in the area through the Saving Our Species program. The area is heavily disturbed and though stock and wildlife have been excluded from some plants, these are an ongoing threat to plants and successful recruitment outside the small, protected areas. The subspecies is found entirely on private property, in heavily disturbed areas and therefore not secure in the long term. Future threats include changes of land use, such as increased stocking or clearing, changes in conservation management and climate change. The overall population likely constitutes slightly more than 250 adult individuals scattered over a wide area. Shelly et al. (2021) indicated that the subspecies had significant reduction in plant numbers (an average loss of 82 % of plants at selected sites) due to drought conditions from 2017 to 2019. Significant recruitment (thousands of seedlings) has occurred following recent wet conditions (Shelly et al. 2021) but the success rate of these seedlings is not known. The EOO of this subspecies is 4 km 2 and the AOO is 16 km 2 (Table 3). The assessment below is based on adult plants. As far as could be determined, Zieria obcordata subsp. obcordata meets the criteria for listing as a Critically Endangered Species under the New South Wales Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (see also IUCN Species Survival Commission 2012; IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024). According to the New South Wales Biodiversity Conservation Regulation 2017, Clause 4.3 (Restricted Geographic Distribution of Species and Other Conditions; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion B), the subspecies qualifies for this status due to its extremely limited range (EOO <100 km ²) and severely fragmented population, consisting of one main population with several small subpopulations. Additionally, ongoing decline is evident in both the number of subpopulations and habitat quality. The species primarily grows in a rural setting on private land with minimal formal protection, and its survival is further threatened by herbivory and invasive weeds, both of which are well documented. In addition, Zieria obcordata subsp. obcordata meets the requirements to be listed as an Endangered Species under Clause 4.4 (Low numbers of mature individuals of the species and other conditions; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion C) as there are probably between 250 and 500 mature individuals, the number of individuals in each subpopulation is ≤ 250 and continued decline can be inferred (see discussion under Clause 4.3 above); and as a Vulnerable Species under Clause 4.5 (Low total numbers of mature individuals of species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion D) as the number of mature individuals is ≤ 1000 and Clause 4.7 (Very highly restricted geographic distribution of species – vulnerable species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion D 2) as the AOO is ≤ 20 km 2. This subspecies does not appear to be eligible to be listed under Clauses 4.2 (Reduction in population size of species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion A) or Clause 4.6 (Quantitative analysis of extinction probability; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion E). Additional specimens examined [location details redacted] NEW SOUTH WALES. Central Tablelands: ‘ Little Waco’, 1340 Ophir Rd, Rock Forest, 17 Dec. 2015 G. P. Phillips 29 & A. E. Orme (NSW 847720); 1391 Ophir Rd, Rock Forest, North Jack site, 17 Dec. 2015, G. P. Phillips 28 & A. E. Orme (CANB n. v., NSW); North Jack site, ~ 1 km S along track from Ophir Road turn-off ~ 17 km WNW from Bathurst, 8 Apr. 2008, P. Carmen 377, C. Hook, R. Armstrong & K. Bollard, (NSW 930639); ~ 12 km west of Bathurst, Oct. 2015, T. Bangel s. n. (NSW 857221); Crackerjack Rock, W of Bathurst, 27 Oct. 1963, C. K. Ingram s. n., (NSW 75929); Bathurst, 32 Pine Ridge Road, 5 May 2011, M. F. Mulvaney 1 (NSW); 1.3 km direct NNE of the summit of Crackerjack Rock, ~ 17 km W of Bathurst via Ophir Road, 26 Sep. 1988, J. D. Briggs 2433 (CANB n. v., NSW); 1.3 km direct north-north-east of the summit of Crackerjack Rock, ~ 17 km west of Bathurst via Ophir Road, 26 Sep. 1988, J. D. Briggs 2433 (CANB n. v., NSW); ~ 1 km north-east of Crackerjack Rock, 11 Mar. 1994, R. L. Johnstone 44 (NSW); Crackerjack Rock, W of Bathurst, 27 Oct. 1963, C. K. Ingram s. n. (NSW); ‘ The Rocks’ property W of Bathurst, 23 Nov. 2001, L. R. Cole s. n. (NSW 608324); ‘ Lunch Site’ on North Jack property, Ophir Rd, Rock Forest, 11 Dec. 2019, G. P. Phillip 982 & D. Shelly s. n. (NSW); North Jack property, Ophir Rd, Rock Forest, 12 Dec. 2019, G. P. Phillips 983 & D. Shelly (NSW); Crackerjack North, near Crackerjack Rock, 15 km West of Bathurst, 1 Apr. 2022, D. Shelly s. n. (NSW 1078495); Pine Ridge Road, 15 km west of Bathurst, 01 Apr. 2022, D. Shelly s. n. (NSW 1078496); ‘ Little Waco’, Ophir Rd, Rock Forest, 11 Dec. 2019, G. P. Phillips 981 & D. Shelly (CANB n. v., NSW 1059946).	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB46144FFDDF9CFBF81FAF3.taxon	materials_examined	Type: NEW SOUTH WALES. Bulbudgeree Station near Wuuluman, 15 km east-north-east of Wellington, 18 Oct 1978, J. A. Armstrong 1267 (holo: NSW 368782!; iso (all n. v.): AD, HO, K, L, MEL).	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB46144FFDDF9CFBF81FAF3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis and description Differs from the typical subspecies in having glandular – verrucose branchlets (v. with or without scattered glandular tubercules) and cocci that are prominently glandular – verrucose with large hemispherical glands (v. smooth or slightly glandular tuberculate; Fig. 5). Illustration Armstrong (2002, p. 405, fig. 92), as Zieria obcordata.	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB46144FFDDF9CFBF81FAF3.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known from two subpopulations on ‘ Bulbudgeree’ Station near Wuuluman, east-north-east of Wellington.	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
03F987F1FFB46144FFDDF9CFBF81FAF3.taxon	etymology	Etymology The subspecific epithet refers to Wuuluman, a local placename. Verbal permission to use the name was granted to Eilish McMaster over the telephone by the Wellington Local Aboriginal Land Council (4 July 2024). Conservation assessment Zieria obcordata subsp. wuuluman is highly localised and known with certainty from a single population with four subpopulations occurring in a limited area ~ 1 km across. The species has been extensively surveyed in the area through the Saving our Species program. The area is heavily disturbed, and though stock and wildlife have been excluded from some plants, these remain ongoing threats to plants and successful recruitment outside these small, protected areas. The subspecies occurs entirely on private property, in heavily disturbed areas and is therefore not secure in the long term. Shelly et al. (2021) indicated that the subspecies had significant reduction in plant numbers (an average loss of 84 % of plants at selected sites) due to drought conditions between 2017 and 2019. Significant recruitment (thousands of seedlings) occurred following recent wet conditions (Shelly et al. 2021) but the success rate of these seedlings is not known. Future threats include changes in land use, such as increased stocking or clearing and climate change. The overall population consists of ≤ 250 adult individuals. The EOO of this subspecies is 1 km 2 and the AOO is 8 km 2. The assessment below is based on adult plants. As far as could be determined, Z. obcordata subsp. wuuluman meets the requirements to be listed as a Critically Endangered Species under the New South Wales Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (see also IUCN Species Survival Commission 2012; IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024). Following the criteria as set out in the New South Wales Biodiversity Conservation Regulation 2017, under Clause 4.3 (Restricted geographic distribution of species and other conditions; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion B) the subspecies is very highly restricted (EOO is <100 km 2), the population is severely fragmented (one population with several subpopulations), continued decline can be inferred for both the number of subpopulations (many small) and the quality of the habitat as the species is growing in a rural setting on private land with limited formal protection, and herbivory is well documented. In addition, Z. obcordata subsp. wuuluman meets the requirements to be listed as an Endangered Species under Clause 4.4 (Low numbers of mature individuals of species and other conditions; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion C) and Clause 4.5 (Low total numbers of mature individuals of species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion D) as there are ≤ 250 adult individuals, though some subpopulations have between 50 and 250 individuals; and as a Vulnerable Species under Clause 4.5 (Low total numbers of mature individuals of species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion D) and Clause 4.7 (Very highly restricted geographic distribution of species – vulnerable species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion D 2) as the species is known with certainty from one population with an AOO of <20 km 2. The subspecies does not appear to be eligible to be listed under Clauses 4.2 (Reduction in population size of species; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion A) or Clause 4.6 (Quantitative analysis of extinction probability; equivalent to IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024, Criterion E). Additional specimens examined NEW SOUTH WALES. Central Western Slopes: Bulbudgeree Stn, ~ 16 km ENE of Wellington, 17 Sep. 1988, J. D. Briggs 2376 (CANB n. v., MEL n. v., NSW); Poggy Cottage, ~ 16 km ENE of Wellington on ‘ Poggy Cottage’ (2.6 km SE along the Uungula Road from Gulgong Road), 22 Oct. 2009, P. Carmen 425, D. Taylor & C. Hook (NSW, MEL n. v.); ibid, 22 Oct. 2009, P. Carmen 429, D. Taylor & C. Hook (NSW); Smith’s property, Bulbudgeree, near Wellington, 7. Mar. 1978, C. K. Ingram, P. Althofer, R. G. Coveny s. n. (NSW); Wuuluman, 1947, P. M. Althofer s. n. (NSW 4713); Bulbudgerie near Wuuluman [15 km east-north-east of Wellington], 7 Mar. 1978, R. G. Coveny 10060 & C. K. Ingram (BRI n. v., CANB n. v., MEL n. v., MO n. v., NBG n. v., NSW, P n. v.); Property of Poggy Cottage east of Wellington, 10 Mar. 2022, D. Shelly s. n. (NSW 1078497).	en	McMaster, Eilish S., Duretto, Marco, Yap, Jia-Yee S., Rossetto, Maurizio (2025): Conservation genomics uncovers disjunct subspecies and critically low diversity in Zieria obcordata A. Cunn. (Rutaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 38 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.1071/SB24034, URL: https://doi.org/10.1071/sb24034
