identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F9DD54FFA2FFB25DBCFDA8FCCA3804.text	03F9DD54FFA2FFB25DBCFDA8FCCA3804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gorytes Latreille 1804	<div><p>Genus Gorytes Latreille, 1804</p> <p>Gorytes Latreille, 1804: 180. Type species: Mellinus quinquecinctus Fabricius, 1793, by monotypy.</p> <p>Arpactus Panzer, 1805: Heft 98, text for pl. 17. Type species: Mellinus quadrifasciatus Fabricius, 1804, by monotypy. Synonymized with Gorytes by Pate (1937: 10).</p> <p>Arpactus Panzer, 1806: 164, junior homonym of Arpactus Panzer, 1805. Type species: Mellinus quadrifasciatus Fabricius, 1804, designated by Pate (1937: 11).</p> <p>Euzonia Stephens, 1829: 363. Type species: Mellinus quinquecinctus Fabricius, 1793, designated by Pate 1937: 27. Synonymized with Gorytes by Pate (1937: 27).</p> <p>Hoplisus Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832: 61. Type species: “ Hoplisus 5-Cinctus St. Farg.” [= Hoplisus quinquecinctus of Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832 = Mellinus quinquecinctus Fabricius, 1793], designated by Westwood 1839: 80. Synonymized with Gorytes Latreille by Pate (1935: 248).</p> <p>Euspongus Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832: 66. Type species: Euspongus laticinctus Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832, designated by Westwood 1839: 80. Synonymized with Gorytes by Westwood, 1839: 80.</p> <p>Pseudoplisus Ashmead, 1899: 323. Type species: Gorytes floridanus W. Fox, 1891 [= Pseudoplisus smithii floridanus (W. Fox, 1891)], by original designation. Synonymized with Gorytes by Nemkov &amp; Pulawski (2009: 7).</p> <p>Laevigorytes Zavadil in Zavadil &amp; Šnoflák 1948: 66. Type species: Gorytes kohlii Handlirsch, 1888, by monotypy. Synonymized with Pseudoplisus by Bohart &amp; Menke (1976: 502).</p> <p>Leiogorytes R. Bohart, 2000: 178. Type species: Leiogorytes guerrero R. Bohart, 2000, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Gorytes by Nemkov &amp; Pulawski (2009: 7).</p> <p>Nemkov (1990) divided all the Palaearctic species into seven groups and transferred one species to Pseudoplisus Ashmead, 1899. The new species, G. mikhailovi should be assigned to a separate species group.</p> <p>Thus, the Palaearctic Gorytes can be divided into nine species groups:</p> <p>1. Gorytes kohlii species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina conspicuously elongated anterolaterally, extended beyond sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 distinctly elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 without distinct punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Females: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate punctured, with smooth and shiny interspaces.</p> <p>Species included: G. kohlii Handlirsch, 1888; G. schmidti Schmid-Egger, 2002.</p> <p>2. Gorytes mikhailovi species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 elongate; second metasomal segment nearly as long as wide; S2 with large, coarse, irregular punctures, slightly concave in middle; terga with scattered macropunctures. Females: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely punctate.</p> <p>Species included: G. mikhailovi sp. nov.</p> <p>3. Gorytes laticinctus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not or slightly elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly, slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins slightly convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye at least one socket diameter; pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely punctate.</p> <p>Species included: G. albidulus (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832); G. ambiguus Handlirsch, 1888; G. laticinctus (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1832); G. planifrons (Wesmael, 1852); G. quadrifasciatus (Fabricius, 1804); G. tricinctus (Pérez, 1905).</p> <p>4. Gorytes neglectus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye about 0.7 × socket diameter; pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely punctate.</p> <p>Species included: G. aino Tsuneki, 1963; G. neglectus Handlirsch, 1895.</p> <p>5. Gorytes quinquefasciatus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not or slightly elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye 0.5 × socket diameter or less; pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely or densely punctate.</p> <p>Species included: G. africanus Mercet, 1905; G. fallax Handlirsch, 1888; G. pieli Yasumatsu, 1943; G. quinquefasciatus (Panzer, 1798); G. tobiasi Nemkov, 1990.</p> <p>6. Gorytes hebraeus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate, evenly slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate with small dense punctures or longitudinal ill-defined ridges between scattered large punctures.</p> <p>Species included: G. hebraeus de Beaumont, 1953.</p> <p>7. Gorytes quinquecinctus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not or slightly elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate nearly triangular, longitudinally striate.</p> <p>Species included: G. maculicornis (F. Morawitz, 1889); G. nigrifacies (Mocsáry, 1879); G. quinquecinctus (Fabricius, 1793); G. schlettereri Handlirsch, 1893; G. schmiedeknechti Handlirsch, 1888; G. sulcifrons (A. Costa, 1867).</p> <p>8. Gorytes foveolatus species group.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not elongate; second metasomal segment shorter than wide; S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga with or without dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate apically narrow, lateral side concave, densely punctate, apically densely setose.</p> <p>Species included: G. foveolatus Handlirsch, 1888; G. procrustes Handlirsch, 1888.</p> <p>9. Gorytes pleuripunctatus species group. Diagnosis. Acetabular carina conspicuously elongated anterolaterally, ending near sternaulus level (ventral view); T1 not elongate; S2 with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex; terga with dense macropunctures. Female: inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter; pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely punctate, velvet-like between punctures.</p> <p>Species included: G. pleuripunctatus (A. Costa, 1859).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9DD54FFA2FFB25DBCFDA8FCCA3804	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2021): The new species Gorytes mikhailovi sp. nov. from Kazakhstan with a key to the Palaearctic species of Gorytes Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea Crabronidae). Zootaxa 5006 (1): 169-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.18
03F9DD54FFA0FFB45DBCFEE5FC103FE3.text	03F9DD54FFA0FFB45DBCFEE5FC103FE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gorytes mikhailovi Mokrousov & Proshchalykin 2021	<div><p>Gorytes mikhailovi sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 1–12)</p> <p>http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/</p> <p>Type material (5 ♀, 5 ♂). Holotype — ♀, «АлмА-АтА–Илийск РАЗЪЕЗД 68 4. VI.1953. Г. Викторов» [Kazakh- stan, Almaty – Iliysk, railway siding 68, 4. VI.1953, G. Viktorov] [ZMMU]. Paratypes: ♀, ♂, same data as holotype [ZMMU]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Kazakhstan, Iliysk, 8. VI.1953, L. Zimina [MMC]; 2 ♀, 1 ♂, 28–30. V.1953, G. Viktorov [1 ♀ in ZISP, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZMMU]; 1 ♂, Kazakhstan, Semirechie, Vernenskiy Distr, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.22&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.54" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.22/lat 43.54)">Otarskaya</a> vill. [now Zham- byl Reion, Korday Distr., Otar vill., 43.54°N, 75.22°E], 1. VI.1922, Tashkent Entomol. Station coll. [ZISP]; 1 ♂, Kazakhstan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.975555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.18667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.975555/lat 44.18667)">Zhambyl Region</a>, 14 km SE of Hantau vill., 797 m, 44°11’12”N 73°58’32”E, 3. VI.2015, K.I. Fadeev [MMC].</p> <p>Diagnosis. Gorytes mikhailovi clearly differs from all its congeners by the shape and punctation of S2 which is largely coarsely, irregularly punctate and in the middle slightly concave (S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures and evenly, slightly convex in the other species) and also by a distinctly elongate second metasomal segment, L/W = 0.9 × in female and 0.92 × in male (in the other species the second metasomal segment is distinctly wider than long). The propodeal sculpture is also unique, with the integument shiny, ridged and with deep, large puncture between ridges (impunctate or with small ill-defined puncture between ridges). Judging by other features, the species is most closely related to the Gorytes quinquefasciatus species group.</p> <p>Description. Female (Figs 1–6, 12). Total body length 12.0– 14.6 mm (holotype 12.7 mm); fore wing length of holotype 9.5 mm. Coloration black with yellow and brownish pattern. Yellow are: narrow stripes on inner eye margin (narrower than MOD); clypeus (except narrow brownish apical edge); labrum; mandibles (except reddish apex); pronotal collar and lobe; tegula; mesopleural spot behind pronotal lobe; large transverse spot on mesoscutellum; large apical bands on T1 and T2 (with deep triangular median excision); narrow band on T3; interrupted narrow bands on T4–T5. One paratype with dorsolateral spots on propodeum. Antenna yellow basally (except dorsal dark marks on scape and pedicel), reddish apically. Leg coloration variable, in holotype hind coxa with yellow spot, mid and hind trochanters with apical rings; fore- and midfemora black with yellowish apex; hind femur yellow ventrally (except base), darkened dorsally; tibiae and tarsi predominantly yellow (fore tibia darkened on inner surface, hind tibia slightly darkened on outer surface). Wing slightly brownish with darkening in the area of the marginal cell; costal cell and stigma yellowish, veins brownish-yellow.</p> <p>Head rounded in frontal view, ratio H/W = 0.9 ×. Inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, ratio of distance between antennal socket and eye to socket diameter = 0.47 ×. Ratio POL/OOL = 1.35 ×. Clypeus with central pit and setal brush, apical edge slightly emarginate medially. Frons with irregular, partially contiguous maсropunctures and with deep, longitudinal sulcus from anterior ocellus to antennal sockets. F1 ratio L/W = 2.87 ×, F2 1.85 ×; F10 slightly longer than wide.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view). Mesoscutum smooth and shiny with different sizes scattered macropunctures, not merging into furrows posteriorly. Mesopleuron smooth and shiny, with hardly visible subtle sparse punctures. Metapleuron and lateral surface of propodeum anterior to stigmal sulcus smooth and shiny, unridged. Metapostnotum with deep central groove and obliquely diverging ridges (ridges transverse apically) that continue into the ridges of propodeum. Propodeum shiny, between ridges with large deep punctures.</p> <p>Wings. Venation typical for genus; hind wing media diverging before cu-a.</p> <p>Legs. Forefemur not widened. Tarsal rake well developed.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 elongated, ratio L/W = 1.2 ×. T2 ratio L/W = 0.9 ×. S2 with large, coarse, irregular punctures (Fig. 6), slightly concave in middle (Fig. 12). S2–S5 and T1–T5 with scattered, small, but distinct punctures. Pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely irregularly punctate, with smooth and shiny interspaces.</p> <p>Setation ill developed; erect setae on mesonotum lacking or represented by single setae. Frons, vertex, gena, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, metapostnotum and metasoma (except pygidium) with microscopic tomentum.</p> <p>Male (Figs 7–11). Total body length 10.2–13.2 mm. Coloration similar to females, but yellow pattern more developed: stripe on inner eye margin in most specimens not narrower than MOD; supraclypeal sclerite with yellow spot in some specimens; tergal bands wider and developed on T1–T6 (Fig. 11); S2 with posterolateral spot. One male with large lateral spots on propodeum. Scape, pedicel and F1 predominantly yellow, F2–F11 dark dorsally and brownish or reddish ventrally; tyloids reddish. Hind tarsus brownish.</p> <p>Head rounded in frontal view, ratio H/W = 0.87× (Fig. 9). Inner eye margins conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, ratio of distance between antennal socket and eye to socket diameter = 0.39 ×. Ratio POL/OOL = 1.46 ×. Clypeus without central pit and setal brush, apical edge slightly emarginate medially. Frons with irregular, partially contiguous macropunctures and with deep longitudinal sulcus from anterior ocellus to antennal sockets. Tyloids on F1 ill defined, on F2–F4 broad and almost along entire length, on F5 developed only at basal half, on T 6 in form of small tubercle at base (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Mesosoma and wings similar to female.</p> <p>Legs. Tarsal rake lacking.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 slightly elongated, ratio L/W = 1.1 ×. T2 ratio L/W = 0.92 ×. S2 similar as in female. Punctation, except apical segments, similar to female.</p> <p>Setation similar as in female.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Kirill G. Mikhailov (Moscow, Russia) on the occasion of his 60th birthday and in recognition of his many contributions to the study of spider diversity and publisher of scientific journals and many books on biology.</p> <p>Distribution. Southeastern Kazakhstan (Zhambyl and Almaty Regions).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9DD54FFA0FFB45DBCFEE5FC103FE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2021): The new species Gorytes mikhailovi sp. nov. from Kazakhstan with a key to the Palaearctic species of Gorytes Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea Crabronidae). Zootaxa 5006 (1): 169-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.18
03F9DD54FFA6FFB95DBCF8CAFA793EF8.text	03F9DD54FFA6FFB95DBCF8CAFA793EF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gorytes Latreille 1804	<div><p>Key to Palaearctic Gorytes</p> <p>1. Acetabular carina conspicuously elongated anterolaterally, ending near sternaulus level or longer (ventral view).......... 2</p> <p>– Acetabular carina short, lateral ends slightly bent backward, far from reaching sternaulus level (ventral view)............ 4</p> <p>2. Terga with dense macropunctures. T1 not elongate. Female forefemur distinctly widened at base. — Western and Central Palaearctic. (G. pleuripunctatus species group)........................................ G. pleuripunctatus (A. Costa)</p> <p>– Terga without macropunctures, at most with few scattered micropunctures. TI distinctly elongate. Female forefemur not widened at base. (G. kohlii species group).................................................................... 3</p> <p>3. Mesoscutum with fine, sparse punctures. Metapostnotum with central sulcus, laterally smooth and shiny. T1 longer, ratio L/ W=1.3× at female, 1.6× at male. — Southeastern Europe, Turkey, Syria, Caucasus, Central Asia...... G. kohlii Handlirsch</p> <p>– Mesoscutum with coarse elongate punctures. Metapostnotum with coarse ridges. TI shorter. — Azerbaijan, Turkey....................................................................................... G. schmidti Schmid-Egger</p> <p>4. S2 with large, coarse, irregular punctures (Fig. 6), slightly concave in middle (Fig. 12). — Southeastern Kazakhstan. (G. mikhailovi species group)............................................................. G. mikhailovi sp. nov.</p> <p>– S2 impunctate or with small regular punctures, evenly slightly convex (Fig. 13)................................... 5</p> <p>5. Propodeum dorsolaterally finely punctate and finely ridged; metapostnotum smooth posteriorly (Fig. 14)............... 6</p> <p>– Propodeum dorsolaterally coarsely rugose (rarely smoothed in small specimens); metapostnotum usually with continuous coarse ridges (Fig. 15)................................................................................. 8</p> <p>6. Mesoscutum impunctate. Female: pygidial plate with large scattered punctures, shiny. — Spain, Morocco. (G. quinquefasciatus species group, part)................................................................... G. africanus Mercet</p> <p>– Mesoscutum with well-defined, scattered punctures. Female: pygidial plate matt, with small dense punctures or longitudinally striate.............................................................................................. 7</p> <p>7. Female: pygidial plate with small dense punctures between scattered large punctures. Male: T1 between lateral carinae smooth, unridged or with ill-defined ridges; flagellomeres black. — Armenia, Azerbaijan, Israel, Jordan, Turkey. (G. hebraeus species group)......................................................................... G. hebraeus de Beaumont</p> <p>– Female: pygidial plate of female longitudinally striate. Male: T1 between lateral carinae longitudinally ridged; flagellomeres ventrally yellow. — Eastern Palaearctic. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part).......... G. maculicornis (F. Morawitz)</p> <p>8. Metapleuron and anterolateral surface of propodeum predominantly matt, rugulose. Mesopleuron with a few large punctures and smoothed ridges. Female: pygidial plate longitudinally striate. — Central and southern Europe, Turkey, Palestine, Israel, Caucasus. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part)........................................ G. nigrifacies (Mocsáry)</p> <p>– Metapleuron (usually except dorsally) and anterolateral surface of propodeum (except G. tobiasi) predominantly smooth and shiny. Mesopleuron with a few punctures or impunctate. Female: pygidial plate punctate or longitudinally striate......... 9</p> <p>9. Females........................................................................................... 10</p> <p>– Males............................................................................................. 27</p> <p>10. Inner ocular orbits slightly convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye at least one socket diameter (Figs 16–17). Tentorial pit located between supraclypeal sclerite and eye. (G. laticinctus species group)............... 11</p> <p>– Inner ocular orbits conspicuously convergent toward clypeus, distance between antennal socket and eye less than one socket diameter (Figs 18–21). Tentorial pit located near eye........................................................ 16</p> <p>11. Femora (often except base), tibiae and tarsi rufous; in forms with abundant light pattern forefemur ventrally and all tibiae anteriorly yellow-red.................................................................................... 12</p> <p>– Femora and tibiae usually black with yellow spots, rarely all black, tarsi yellow or brownish........................ 13</p> <p>12. Flagellomeres shorter, ratio F1 L/W=3 ×, F4 1.6 ×. Light stripe at inner eye margin well developed, usually much wider than MOD. — Central Asia, Kazakhstan, southern Siberia, northeastern China, Russian Far East........ G. ambiguus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Flagellomeres longer, ratio F1 L/W=3.8×, F4 2.3×. Light stripe (sometimes spots) at inner eye margin poorly developed, width equal to MOD. — Western and Central Palaearctic....................................... G. albidulus (Lepeletier)</p> <p>13. Mesosoma all black. Scutal punctures large, partially merging into longitudinal furrows. — Japan..... G. tricinctus (Pérez)</p> <p>– Mesosoma with yellow markings. Scutal punctures scattered and poorly visible on micropuntate background........... 14</p> <p>14. Upper metapleuron smooth, without horizontal ridges. Mesoscutum without macropunctures. Clypeus black or with small, triangular, yellow spot basally. — Сenter and south of Western Europe....................... G. planifrons (Wesmael)</p> <p>– Upper metapleuron with some horizontal ridges. Mesoscutum with macropunctures............................... 15</p> <p>15. Ratio F1 L/W=3.5 ×. Bands on T1–T3 similar in size. —Palaearctic...................... G. quadrifasciatus (Fabricius)</p> <p>– Ratio F1 L/W=4 ×. Band on T2 twice as width as band on T1 or T3, in most specimens larger than half tergal length. — Palaearctic........................................................................ G. laticinctus (Lepeletier)</p> <p>16. Pygidial plate narrowed, lateral side concave, densely punctate, apically densely setose. (G. foveolatus species group).... 17</p> <p>– Pygidial plate nearly triangular, sparsely punctate or densely longitudinally ridged, asetose......................... 18</p> <p>17. Terga with dense macropunctures. Flagellomeres barely thickened towards apex; ratio F1 L/W=3.7 ×, F10 1.6 ×. Fore femur completely or predominantly light. — South Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Crimea, Krasnodar Terr. (Russia)................................................................................. G. foveolatus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Terga with poorly visible macropunctures. Flagellomeres distinctly thickened towards apex; ratio F1 L/W=3.3 ×, F10 1.0 ×. Fore femur predominantly black. — Western and Central Palaearctic......................... G. procrustes Handlirsch</p> <p>18. Pygidial plate densely, longitudinally, finely ridged, at base sometimes with small punctures. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part).............................................................................................. 19</p> <p>– Pygidial plate sparsely punctate........................................................................ 22</p> <p>19. Mesoscutum without macropunctures.................................................................... 20</p> <p>– Mesoscutum with dense macropunctures................................................................. 21</p> <p>20. Labrum yellow. Pronotal lobe yellow, mesopleuron and propodeum in most specimens laterally with yellow spot. Femora yellow and black. Scutal erect setae of about same length, half MOD. — Western and Central Palaearctic................................................................................................... G. sulcifrons (A. Costa)</p> <p>– Labrum black or dark reddish. Metasoma laterally including pronotal lobe black. Femora black and reddish. Scutal erect setae of different lengths, some of them not shorter MOD. — Alps, Caucasus and mountains in Turkey. G. schlettereri Handlirsch</p> <p>21. Mesoscutum with scattered macropunctures, punctures not merging into furrows posteriorly. — Palaearctic except North Africa....................................................................... … G. quinquecinctus (Fabricius)</p> <p>– Mesoscutum with dense and irregular macropunctures, punctures merging into furrows posteriorly. — Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Caucasus............................................................... G. schmiedeknechti Handlirsch</p> <p>22. Distance between antennal socket and eye about 0.7 × socket diameter. Mesosoma all black (G. neglectus species group).. 23</p> <p>– Distance between antennal socket and eye about 0.5 × socket diameter. Mesosoma with yellow markings. (G. quinquefasciatus species group, part).................................................................................. 24</p> <p>23. Frons and mesoscutum matt. Mesoscutum with very dense microscopic punctures, no macropunctation. Scape black. Flagellomeres rufous or brownish ventrally. T1–T4 with yellow bands. — Finland, northern part of European Russia, Siberia, Russian Far East, Korean Peninsula........................................................... G. neglectus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Frons and mesoscutum more or less shiny. Mesoscutum with flat macropunctures on micropunctation background. Scape with yellow spot. Flagellomeres all yellow. T1–T3 with yellow band. — Russian Far East, Japan.............. G. aino Tsuneki</p> <p>24. Clypeal free margin in middle with two rounded tubercles (Fig. 24). Lateral surface of propodeum anterior of spiracular sulcus finely ridged, matt or slightly shiny. Pronotal lobe black. Femora rufous, fore femur yellow ventrally. — Central Asia.......................................................................................... G. tobiasi Nemkov</p> <p>– Clypeal free edge without tubercles. Lateral surface of propodeum anterior of stigmal sulcus smooth and shiny. Pronotal lobe with light markings. Femora coloration varying............................................................ 25</p> <p>25. Pygidial plate with scattered small punctures, shiny. Supraclypeal sclerite yellow. Mesoscutum usually with yellow spots posterolaterally. — Eastern Palaearctic........................................................ G. pieli Yasumatsu</p> <p>– Pygidial plate with dense and larger punctures. Supraclypeal sclerite black. Mesoscutum all black.................... 26</p> <p>26. Head transverse, ratio H/W = 0.79, inner eye margins diverging more toward vertex (Fig. 18). Ridges of metapostnotum irregular, net-like. Stripe at inner eye margin well developed, usually touching clypeus, clypeus yellow. Femora black with small apical spot. — Western and Central Palaearctic.............................................. G. fallax Handlirsch</p> <p>– Head rounded, ratio H/W = 0.89×, inner eye margins diverging less toward vertex (Fig. 20). Ridges of metapostnotum more regular, often smoothed apically. Yellow stripe at inner eye margin usually lacking, if present not touching clypeus, clypeus black or yellow. Femora largely reddish or with large yellow spot in apical half. — Palaearctic..................................................................................................... G. quinquefasciatus (Panzer)</p> <p>27. Terga with dense macropunctures. (G. foveolatus species group, part)......................… G. foveolatus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Terga without macropunctures, at most with few scattered micropunctures...................................... 28</p> <p>28. F2–F3 with large oval tyloids (as large as MOD), F1 and F4 with small tyloids. Metapleuron unridged in upper forth. Face between antennal base and midocellus with fine but distinct raised line. T1 between dorsolateral carinae with longitudinal ridges. (G. laticinctus species group, part).................................................... G. planifrons (Wesmael)</p> <p>– Tyloids narrower, normally more tyloids visible. Metapleuron in upper forth longitudinally ridged in most species. Face without line. T1 between dorsolateral carinae with or without longitudinal ridges........................................ 29</p> <p>29. S4–S6 basally with setal brush or dense erect short setae. (G. quinquefasciatus species group, part)................... 30</p> <p>– S4–S6 without setal brush............................................................................. 31</p> <p>30. Frons and mesoscutum with ill-defined punctures. Supraclypeal sclerite yellow................... … G. pieli Yasumatsu</p> <p>– Frons and mesoscutum with well-defined punctures. Supraclypeal sclerite black.......... … G. quinquefasciatus (Panzer)</p> <p>31. T1 between dorsolateral carinae with longitudinal ridges. (G. laticinctus species group, part)........................ 32</p> <p>– T1 between dorsolateral carinae smooth, without ridges...................................................... 34</p> <p>32. Mesosoma all black. Mesoscutal punctures large, partially merging into longitudinal furrows.......... G. tricinctus (Pérez)</p> <p>– Mesosoma with yellow markings. Mesoscutal punctures scattered...........................................… 33</p> <p>33. Face below antennal socket black. Bands on T1–T3 similar in size.................... … G. quadrifasciatus (Fabricius)</p> <p>– Face below antennal socket with yellow spot. Band on T2 twice as wide as band on T1 or T3, in most specimens larger than half tergal length............................................................... … G. laticinctus (Lepeletier)</p> <p>34. Mesosoma all black, rarely with yellow band on pronotal collar. (G. neglectus species group)....................... 35</p> <p>– Mesosoma with yellow markings....................................................................... 36</p> <p>35. Frons matt. Mesoscutum with very dense microscopic punctures, no macropunctation. F3–F8 with tyloids. Labrum and clypeus yellow........................................................................... G. neglectus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Frons more or less shiny. Mesoscutum with flat macropunctures on micropunctate background. F3–F6 with tyloids. Labrum and clypeus black or clypeus with yellow markings at base........................................ G. aino Tsuneki</p> <p>36. Posterior part of mesoscutellum densely ridged. Only F1–F4 (sometimes also F5) with tyloids. (G. quinquefasciatus species group, part)......................................................................... G. fallax Handlirsch</p> <p>– Mesoscutellum without longitudinal ridges. F2–F8 (sometimes also F9) with tyloids............................... 37</p> <p>37. Clypeal free margin in middle with two rounded tubercles. (G. quinquefasciatus species group, part).... G. tobiasi Nemkov</p> <p>– Clypeal free margin without tubercles.................................................................... 38</p> <p>38. Mesoscutum with dense macropunctures................................................................. 39</p> <p>– Mesoscutum without or with poorly visible macropunctures.................................................. 41</p> <p>39. Mesoscutum with dense and irregular macropunctures, punctures merging into furrows posteriorly. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part)................................................................. G. schmiedeknechti Handlirsch</p> <p>– Mesoscutum with scattered macropunctures, punctures not merging into furrows posteriorly......................... 40</p> <p>40. Bands on pronotal collar and metasomal terga whitish, often interrupted medially. Hind tibia reddish. Yellow marking on clypeus reduced to basal spot or clypeus all black. (G. foveolatus species group, part)............... G. procrustes Handlirsch</p> <p>– Bands on pronotal collar and metasomal terga lemon yellow, not interrupted medially. Hind tibia yellow and black. Clypeus yellow. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part)...................................... G. quinquecinctus (Fabricius)</p> <p>41. Scutal erect setae of different lengths, some of them not shorter MOD. Scape and metasoma laterally including pronotal lobe black. Femora black and reddish..................................................... G. schlettereri Handlirsch</p> <p>– Scutal erect setae of about same length, half MOD. Scape and metasoma laterally in most specimens with yellow spots... 42</p> <p>42. Distance between antennal socket and eye about 0.8 × socket diameter (Fig. 23). Supraclypeal sclerite with yellow mark. (G. laticinctus species group, part)....................................................... G. ambiguus Handlirsch</p> <p>– Distance between antennal socket and eye about 0.5 × socket diameter (Fig. 22). Supraclypeal sclerite black........... 43</p> <p>43. Tyloids black, narrow and sharp. Frons without well-defined macropunctures. Pronotal lobe black. (G. laticinctus species group, part)...................................................................... G. albidulus (Lepeletier)</p> <p>– Tyloids light, wider and flattened. Frons with well-defined macropunctures. Pronotal lobe yellow. (G. quinquecinctus species group, part)....................................................................... G. sulcifrons (A. Costa)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9DD54FFA6FFB95DBCF8CAFA793EF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2021): The new species Gorytes mikhailovi sp. nov. from Kazakhstan with a key to the Palaearctic species of Gorytes Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea Crabronidae). Zootaxa 5006 (1): 169-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.18
