identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038687B75E276D3FFF3342F6FA0207D8.text	038687B75E276D3FFF3342F6FA0207D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia Soares, Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia Soares, Capellari &amp; Ramos-Pastrana gen. nov.</p><p>Type species: Rafaelomyia inpa Soares, Capellari &amp; Ramos-Pastrana sp. nov., by present designation. Gender feminine.</p><p>Etymology. The new genus is named after the Brazilian entomologist Dr. José Albertino Rafael (INPA), who has contributed substantially to the knowledge of the Neotropical invertebrate fauna, collecting, leading projects and training specialists in the most varied taxonomic groups, and adding the Greek feminine word myia, meaning fly.</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Head. Face wide, about as wide as or wider than ocellar tubercle, with eyes nearly parallelsided (Figs 1C, 7C, 9C) (narrow face in the entire type series of R. singularis sp. nov., Fig. 5C, is probably an artifact produced during specimen drying); antenna inserted on top of head (1/4 of head height distant from vertex), dorsal surface of scape bare, postpedicel short, sub-triangular, with stylus inserted on top of it. Thorax. Posterior mesonotum distinctly flattened (Figs 1D, 3C, 5B, 7B, 9D), acrostichal setae bi-seriate, ending between the fourth and fifth pairs of dorsocentrals, 6 pairs of strong dorsocentrals setae. Wing. Anal lobe developed, membrane with “ bosse alaire ” (depression on the distal part of vein R 4+5) (e.g., Figs 1F, 7F), vein R 2+3 usually thickened before apex (Figs 3F, 5F, 9F), vein R 4+5 and M 1 nearly straight. Legs. Femur III with 1 long dorsal seta near apex (e.g., Fig. 5A). Tibia I with anterodorsal row of short setae and ventral row of long slender setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex (e.g., Fig. 1B). Tibia II with 1 long apicoventral seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1) (e.g., Fig. 5D). Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of short stout setae, ventral surface of It 1–5 mostly bare and covered with weak silvery pruinosity (all MSSC) (e.g., Figs 1B, 3B). Abdomen. Six segments clearly visible, tergite 6 setose, segment 7 with reduced sclerites and not forming a peduncle for the male hypopygium (e.g., Figs 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A); hypopygium: cercus long and branched (e.g., Figs 2C, D, 6C, D, 8B, C), cercus unbranched in R. exu sp. nov. (Fig. 4C, D) surstylus as a single lobe, indistinctly fused to genital capsule (e.g., Figs 2E, 4E, 6E), postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding the base of the phallus (e.g., Figs 2F, 4F). Female (Figs 11, 12): Similar to male, except for MSSC, with six visible abdominal segments, acanthophorite divided into two hemitergites, each bearing five spines.</p><p>Remarks. It is noteworthy that all the examined specimens were taken on moist rocks near or over streams, in relative highlands in the Amazonian rainforest (800–2000 meters high, Fig. 13A–C). These data may indicate habitat preferences in the genus, as observed in some species of the genus Pseudosympycnus Robinson (Soares &amp; Capellari 2020; Soares &amp; Ale-Rocha 2022).</p><p>Key to males of Rafaelomyia gen. nov.</p><p>1 Femora mostly brown to dark brown (Figs 3A, 5A).......................................................... 2</p><p>- Femora mostly yellow (Figs 1A, 7A, 9A).................................................................. 3</p><p>2 Femur II with antero- and posteroventral rows of long and strong setae (Fig. 3B, D); tibia III lacking posteroventral rows of long setae near apex; cercus unbranched (Fig. 4C, D); phallus trident-shaped in ventral view (Fig. 4G)................................................................................................... Rafaelomyia exu sp. nov.</p><p>- Femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta near base (Fig. 5D); tibia III with posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae from apical 4/6 to 5.5/6; cercus branched (Fig. 6C, D); phallus mostly tubular and widening at apex (Fig. 6F, G).......................................................................................... Rafaelomyia singularis sp. nov.</p><p>3 Tibiae I and II yellow to dark yellow (Fig. 9A, B); R 2+3 thickened at middle (Fig. 9F); basal 1/2 of dorsal edge of phallus with dentiform processes (Fig. 10F)..................................................... Rafaelomyia xavieri sp. nov.</p><p>- Tibiae I and II brown to dark brown (Figs 1A, B, 7A); R 2+3 not thickened (Figs 1F, 7F); basal 1/2 of dorsal edge of phallus lacking dentiform processes (Figs 2F, 8E).................................................................. 4</p><p>4 Body length 3.8–4.4 mm (Fig. 1A); wing light brown (Fig. 1F); outer branch of cercus with short, truncated inner projection near apex (Fig. 2C, D); phallus with 2 long, narrow acute processes near apex (Fig. 2F, G)....... Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov.</p><p>- Body length 6 mm (Fig. 7A); wing dark brown (Fig. 7F); outer branch of cercus with wide, rounded inner projection near apex (Fig. 8B, C); phallus with lobulated processes near apex (Fig. 8E, F).................. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E276D3FFF3342F6FA0207D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
038687B75E246D3BFF334380FA83046C.text	038687B75E246D3BFF334380FA83046C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia inpa Soares, Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia inpa Soares, Capellari &amp; Ramos-Pastrana sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1, 2)</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Body length 3.8–4.4 mm (Fig. 1A); femora mostly yellow, except dorsal and ventral surfaces of femora I and II darkened, apical 1/3 to 2/3 of femur III brown to dark brown (Fig. 1A); vein R 2+3 not thickened (Fig. 1F); cercus branched, outer branch with inner short, truncated and bare projection near apex (Fig. 2C, D); hypandrium slightly narrowing towards apex, with a short U-shaped concavity at apex (Fig. 2H, I); phallus widening near apex, and abruptly narrowing at apex, with 2 long and narrow acute processes (Fig. 2F, G).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 1). Body length: 3.8–4.4 mm; wing length: 4.0– 4.3 mm, width: 1.3–1.4 mm (n = 8). Head (Fig. 1A, C, D). Frons trapezoidal, about 3X wider than high, slightly excavated, metallic dark green, covered with silvery pruinosity. Face ground color black, obscured by dense silvery pruinosity; face wider than ocellar tubercle, eyes almost parallel sided. Clypeus rectangular, 2X wider than high, about 1/3 as long as face, with straight edge ending above lower margin of eyes. Palpus oval, short, black, covered with short stout setae and yellowish pruinosity, 1 long and slender seta at base, about 2X longer than palpus. Proboscis brown, labellum with a few short and a few long, sparse yellow setae. Postcranium dark green, covered with weak yellowish gray pruinosity, lower postcranium with 6 long strong setae. Single row of long sparse postocular setae, lowermost longer; pair of strong divergent ocellar setae and 2 pairs of short postocellar setae; pair of strong convergent vertical setae; pair of short paravertical setae, slightly longer than upper-most postocular seta. Antenna dark brown; scape conical, bare; pedicel short, with crown of setae at apex; postpedicel very short, subtriangular, covered with dense yellowish gray pubescence; arista-like stylus dorsoapical, slightly longer than eye height, two-segmented, first segment very short, second segment long, narrowing towards apex, covered with short pubescence. Thorax (Fig. 1A, D). Mesonotum mostly metallic dark green, distinctly flattened at posterior 1/3, covered with yellowish gray pruinosity, except postpronotal lobe and notopleuron covered with silvery pruinosity. Scutellum concolor with mesonotum. Pleura dark gray, with weak greenish reflections, covered with dense silvery pruinosity. Metepimeron dark gray. Chaetotaxy: Pronotum with row of strong setae; anterior 1/6 of mesonotum covered with short setae; acrostichals biseriate, short and slightly offset posteriorly, ending between fourth and fifth posterior dorsocentral setae; 6 pairs of strong dorsocentrals, sixth pair thicker and convergent; 1 presutural, 1 sutural and 1 postsutural intra-alar setae; 2 strong supra-alar setae, 1 positioned between postpronotal lobe and notopleuron and 1 near postalar callus; 1 strong, 1 short and 1 minute postpronotal setae; 2 strong notopleural setae, 1 at middle of lower edge and 1 at posterior margin of notopleuron, slightly shorter than preceding seta; 1 strong postalar seta; scutellum with 1 pair of strong medial scutellar setae and 1 pair of smaller setae laterad, laterad pair about 1/4 as long as medial scutellars; upper-surface of proepisternum with 3 short setae immediately in front of anterior spiracle; lower surface with 1 short and 1 strong setae. Wing (Fig. 1F). Long and narrow, about 3X longer than wide, anal lobe developed; membrane light brown, veins brown. Costa ending at wing apex, at vein M 1; R 1 ending at basal 4/10 of wing; R 2+3 nearly straight; R 4+5 nearly straight, slightly curved posteriorly near apex; M 1 nearly straight and parallel sided with R 4+5; M 4 reaching wing apex; CuA+CuP short, ending at basal 1/4 of cell bm+dm, not reaching wing margin and apically fading; CuAx ratio: 0.5. Lower calypter yellow, except apical margin brown, with long setae; halter yellow, stem darker. Legs (Fig. 1A, B). Mostly brown to dark brown, except lateral surface of coxa I, all trochanters, anterior and posterior surfaces of femora I and II, and basal 1/2 of femur III yellow to dark yellow. Leg I (Fig. 1B). Podomere ratios: 47, 44, 23/9/7/5/4/6. Anterior surface of coxa I covered with vestiture of short setae and weak silvery pruinosity, outer edge with 3 strong setae at apical 1/2, apical edge with 4–5 slender short setae. Femur I covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with anteroventral row of setae from base to apical 3.5/6, ventral row of long and erect setae from base to apical 3.5/6, about 0.75X as long as width of femur at broadest point, and posteroventral row of setae increasing in length at apical 1/3. Tibia I with 2 strong anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, anterodorsal row of short setae from basal 2/6 to apex, about as long as width of tibia, ventral row of long slender setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex, about 1.5X longer than width of tibia (MSSC), and crown of stout setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 posterior and 1 ventral. Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of short stout setae from base to apex, slightly longer than width of podomere, ventral surface of It 1–5 mostly bare and covered with weak silvery pruinosity (all MSSC). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 54, 46, 30/16/12/7/6. Anterior surface of coxa II mostly bare, outer edge with 2 long setae, 1 near middle and 1 near apex, inner edge with row of long setae, apical edge with short slender setae. Femur II covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with antero- and posteroventral rows of slender setae, increasing in length towards apex. Tibia II with 2 stout anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, 3 short posterodorsal setae at: 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6, 1 ventral seta at 2.5/6, and crown setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, 1 posteroventral and 1 ventral longer seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Tarsus II unmodified. Leg III. Podomere ratios: 67, 65, 19/23/16/11/8. Apical edge of coxa III with 1 long seta, lateral surface with 1 long seta near base, about as long as coxa and 1 short slender seta near apex. Femur III covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with dorsal row of long erect setae at basal 1/2, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point, 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 4–5 strong anteroventral setae at apical 1/3 and 1 long posteroventral preapical seta. Tibia III with 4 pairs of long antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6, 4/6 and apex, 4 ventral setae at: 2.5/6, 3/6, 4/6 and apex (about as long as 1/2 of IIIt 1), and posterodorsal row of short erect setae from 2.5/6 to apex. Tarsus III unmodified. Abdomen (Figs 1A, 2A). Mostly dark brown, with weak greenish reflections. Tergites 1–6 setose, covered with weak silvery pruinosity, tergite 6 with stronger setae at posterior margin. Sternites 1–5 covered with short vestiture of setae, except lateral edges with strong setae. Sternites 1–3 unmodified. Sternite 4 with narrow deep concavity at posterior margin. Sternite 5 divided into two long narrow sclerites. Sternite 6 almost entirely membranous, present as two narrow subtriangular more sclerotized areas, with 1–2 strong setae at anterior margin, close to tergite 6. Segment 7 very short, well sclerotized and ringshaped. Sternite 8 subtriangular, covered with short setae, longer at posterior edge. Hypopygium (Figs 1E, 2B–I). Pale, somewhat triangular, with 1 epandrial seta. Cercus mostly yellow, about as long as epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Figs 1E, 2B–D). Outer branch of cercus longer, somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex, with inner short, truncated and bare projection near apex, outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender yellow setae (Fig. 2C, D). Inner branch of cercus short and slender, narrowing towards apex, about 2/3 as long as outer branch of cercus, dorsal edge covered with short erect setae (Fig. 2C, D). Surstylus somewhat subtriangular, with rounded apex, about 1/2 as long as epandrial capsule, inner edge with 2 strong setae near base and 2 at middle, 1 stout seta at base of ventral edge, followed by row of short slender setae (Fig. 2B, E). Hypandrium slightly curved ventrally and narrowing towards apex, about 2X longer than wide, with short concavity at apex (Fig. 2H, I). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 2F). Phallus longer than epandrial capsule, widening near apex and abruptly narrowing at apex, with 2 long, narrow acute processes (Fig. 2F, G). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, slightly narrowing at apex (Fig. 2F).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 1A) labelled as: “ PERU: Cusco, Quincemil | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.88944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.3550005" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.88944/lat -13.3550005)">Rio Araza</a>, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″W, 1000 m | 22–26.viii.2012 sweep | JA Rafael, RR Cavichioli ” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia inpa | Soares, Capellari &amp; Ramos-Pastrana [handwritten in red label]” (MUSM). Holotype condition: Good, not dissected, left wing glued to paper triangle. PARATYPES: Same data as holotype (8 ♂, one dissected, MUSM; 8 ♂, INPA; 7 ♂, MZUSP); same data as holotype, except: 13°20′10″S 70°50′57″W, 874 m, 23–31.viii.2012, malaise, JA Rafael, RR Cavichioli, DM Takiya (1 ♂, dissected, INPA) .</p><p>Remarks. Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. is remarkably similar to R. uniamazonia sp. nov. in overall habitus but can be differentiated by the smaller body length with 3.8–4.4 mm (Fig. 1A), outer branch of cercus with inner apical projection short and truncated (Fig. 2C, D) and phallus with 2 long and narrow acute processes near apex (Fig. 2F, G) vs body length 6 mm (Fig. 7A), outer branch of cercus with inner apical projection wider and somewhat subtriangular (Fig. 8B, C) and phallus with lobulated processes near apex in R. uniamazonia sp. nov. (Fig. 8E, F).</p><p>Etymology. Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. is named after the acronym for the National Institute of Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia), one of the most important scientific research centers studying the Amazon biome. Treated as a noun in apposition. Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E246D3BFF334380FA83046C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
038687B75E206D34FF334012FA8304F8.text	038687B75E206D34FF334012FA8304F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia exu Soares & Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia exu Soares &amp; Capellari sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 3–4)</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Body length 3.3–4.0 mm (Fig. 3A); femora mostly brown to dark brown except base and apex of all femora yellow (Fig. 3A); femur II with antero- and posteroventral rows of long and strong setae (Fig. 3B, D); vein R 2+3 thickened at middle (Fig. 3F); cercus unbranched (Fig. 4C, D); hypandrium with a deeply concavity at apex, forming two narrow lobes, each lobe with pointed apex (Fig. 4H, I); phallus trident-shaped at apex, lateral processes of phallus bifurcated at apex (Fig. 4G).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 3A). Body length 3.3–4.0 mm; wing length: 3.1–3.5 mm, width: 0.9–1.0 mm (n = 5). Head (Fig. 3A). Similar to Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. except as noted: face slightly narrowing at middle, as wide as ocellar tubercle; arista-like stylus about 3/4 as long as eye height. Thorax (Fig. 3C). Mesonotum mostly metallic dark green. Wing (Fig. 3A, F). Mostly hyaline, slightly brownish on anterior margin; R 2+3 thickened at middle. Legs (Fig. 3A, B, D). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apex of coxa I, all trochanters and base and apex of all femora yellow to dark yellow. Leg I (Fig. 3B). Podomere ratios: 37, 31, 20/6/5/4/4. Outer edge of coxa I with row of long sparse setae, apical edge with 3–4 slender setae. Femur I with antero- and posteroventral rows of short slender setae, ending in 1–2 posteroventral longer preapical setae. Tibia I with 2 short anterodorsal setae at 2/6 and 3.5/6 and 5.5/6 and 1 dorsal longer preapical seta, ventral row of long setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex, about as long as diameter of tibia (MSSC). It 1 with posteroventral row of short erect setae, slightly longer than width of podomere (Fig. 3B), with anterior row of long setae from base to basal 1/2, decreasing in length towards apex (all MSSC). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 37, 35, 22/11/8/5/4. Femur II with anteroventral row of strong setae decreasing in length from base to apical 4/6, 1 long anteroventral preapical seta, with 1 strong posteroventral seta at basal 1.5/6 followed by row of short setae increasing in length at apical 5/6 (all MSSC) (Fig. 3B, D). Tibia II with 3 pairs of short antero- and posteroventral setae at 1.5/6 and 3.5/6 and 1 preapical, 2 ventral setae, 1 short at 3/6 and 1 long at apex (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Leg III. Podomere ratios: 56, 55, 14/18/14/9/6. Femur III with 1 strong ventral seta at basal 2/6 followed by thinner curved seta (MSSC) (Fig. 3D), with dorsal row of long erect setae decreasing in length from base to apical 4/6, followed by long dorsal seta, 1 short antero- and 1 short posteroventral preapical setae. Tibia III with 4 pairs of antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6, 4.5/6 and apex, 3 ventral setae, 2 short at 2.5/6 and 4/6, 1 longer at apex (about 2/3 as long as IIIt 1). Abdomen (Fig. 3A, E, 4A). Mostly metallic green with bluish reflections. Tergite 6 with 2–3 lateral rows of strong setae. Sternites 1–4 unmodified, sternite 5 divided into two long narrow hemitergites, sternite 6 short, subrectangular, with 1 long posterior seta. Hypopygium (Figs 3E, 4B–I). Mostly pale brown, somewhat subtriangular, with 1 epandrial seta. Cercus mostly pale brown, unbranched, 2X longer than epandrial capsule (Figs 3E, 4B). Cercus somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex, and inner wide basal process, with pointed projection at middle, outer surface covered with long setae, increasing in length at apex, dorsal edge with row of long sparse setae, inner surface covered with short, slender pale setae (Fig. 4C, D). Surstylus somewhat quadrangular, with truncated apex, about 1.5/4 as long as epandrial capsule, inner edge with 1 long seta, ventral edge with long slender setae (Fig. 4B, E). Hypandrium with deeply concavity at apex, forming two narrow lobes, each lobe with pointed apex (Fig. 4H, I). Phallus as long as epandrial capsule, trident-shaped at apex, lateral processes of phallus bifurcated and sharpened at apex (Fig. 4F, G). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 4F). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, slightly narrowing at apex (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 3A) labelled as: “ PERU: Cusco, Quincemil | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.88944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.3550005" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.88944/lat -13.3550005)">Rio Araza</a>, 13°21′18″S | 70°53′22″W, 1000 m | 22–26.viii.2012 sweep | JA Rafael, RR Cavichioli” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia exu | Soares &amp; Capellari [handwritten in red label]” (MUSM) . Holotype condition: Good, not dissected, right IIIt 2– 5 broken off and left wing damaged. PARATYPES: Same data as holotype (3 ♂, one dissected, MUSM; 3 ♂, INPA) .</p><p>Remarks. Rafaelomyia exu sp. nov. is easily recognized by the femur II with antero- and posteroventral rows of strong setae (Fig. 3D), male cercus unbranched (Fig. 4C, D), surstylus truncated at apex (Fig. 4E) and the phallus trident-shaped in ventral view (Fig. 4G).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is named after the Orisha Exu, the messenger spirit in the pantheon of deities of Afro-Brazilian religions. It alludes to the phallus reminiscent of a trident (Fig. 4G), an object commonly used in Exu’s representations. Treated as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E206D34FF334012FA8304F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
038687B75E2F6D31FF3340A6FF640768.text	038687B75E2F6D31FF3340A6FF640768.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia singularis Soares & Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia singularis Soares &amp; Capellari sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 5, 6)</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Body length 2.5–3.0 mm (Fig. 5A); femora mostly brown to dark brown, except base and apex of all femora dark yellow (Fig. 5A, D); femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta at basal 1/3 (Fig. 5D); tibia III with posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae from apical 4/6 to 5.5/6; vein R 2+3 thickened at middle (Fig. 5F); outer branch of cercus with inner short and convex projection near apex (Fig. 6C, D); hypandrium slightly widening at apex, with two short digitiform apical projections curved ventrally (Fig. 6H, I); phallus widening at apex, with inner ventral acute preapical process and left preapical acute process narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F, G).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 5A). Body length: 2.5–3.0 mm; wing length: 2.6–3.0 mm, width: 1 mm (n = 4). Head (Fig. 5C). Similar to Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. except as noted: Frons mostly metallic dark blue purple. One pair of short postocellar setae. Thorax (Fig. 5A, B). Mesonotum mostly dark green with strong bluish reflections. Wing (Fig. 5F). Mostly hyaline, slightly brownish anteriorly, R 2+3 nearly straight, thickened at middle. Legs (Fig. 5A, D). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apex of anterior surface of coxa I, and apex of lateral surfaces of coxae I and II, all trochanters, base and apex of all femora yellow to dark yellow. Leg I (Fig. 5D). Podomere ratios: 32, 27, 16/7/5/3/4. Apical edge of coxa I with 3 slender short setae. Femur I with anteroventral row of short setae, ending in 2 longer preapical setae, posteroventral row of long sparse setae, ending in 1 preapical longer seta. Tibia I with posteroventral row of short, erect sparse setae from base to apex (slightly longer than width of tibia), 3 conspicuous anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6 and 5.5/6. Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of long erect setae, about 2X longer than width of podomere and extending to It 2 (all MSSC). Leg II (Fig. 5D). Podomere ratios: 34, 32, 20/11/8/6/5. Outer edge of coxa II with 3 long setae. Femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta at basal 1.5/6, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point (MSSC), antero- and posteroventral rows of setae increasing in length towards apex from apical 4/6 to apex. Tibia II with 1 long anterodorsal seta at 1.5/6 and 1 short dorsal seta at 1/6, 1 anterior and 1 posteroventral short preapical setae, 1 long ventral seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Leg III. Podomere ratios: 45, 40, 13/15/11/7/5. Femur III with anterodorsal row of long setae from base to apical 4/6, decreasing in length towards apex, ending in 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 1 antero- and 1 posteroventral long preapical seta. Tibia III with 4 pairs of antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 2.5/6, 4/6 and 5.5/6, posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae from apical 4/6 to 5.5/6, 1 short ventral seta at 4.5/6 and 1 long ventroapical seta, about as long as 1/2 of IIIt 1. Abdomen (Figs 5A, 6A). Mostly dark brown with weak blue purple reflections. Sternite 4 with narrow short concavity at posterior margin. Sternite 6 membranous, with 2 strong setae at posterior margin. Hypopygium (Figs 5E, 6B–I). Dark yellow. Cercus brownish, slightly longer than epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Figs 5E, 6B–D). Outer branch of cercus long, somewhat digitiform, subequally wide along entire length, with inner short, convex bare projection near apex, outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender curved yellow setae (Fig. 6C, D). Inner branch of cercus short slender, narrowing towards apex, about 1/2 as long as outer branch of cercus, dorsal edge covered with short erect setae, longer at apex (Fig. 6C, D). Surstylus somewhat subtriangular, with rounded apex, about 0.6X as long as epandrial capsule, and 1.5X longer than high, inner edge with 1 long and 1 short seta near base and group of wide, curved ribbon-like setae near apex (Fig. 6B, E). Hypandrium 2X longer than wide, slightly widening at apex with two short digitiform apical projections curved ventrally at apex (Fig. 6H, I). Phallus widening at apex, with inner ventral acute preapical process and left preapical acute process narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F, G). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, weakly fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 6B, F). Ejaculatory apodeme short, somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, slightly narrowing at apex (Fig. 6F).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 5A) labelled as: “ PERU, Cusco, Quincemil, rio | Araza, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″ | W, 1000 m, 22–26.viii.2012 | sweep, J.A. Rafael &amp; R.R. | Cavichioli ” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia singularis | Soares &amp; Capellari [handwritten in red label]” (MUSM). Holotype condition: Good, not dissected, right tarsus III broken off. PARATYPE: same data as holotype (3 ♂, one dissected, MUSM; 3 ♂, INPA).</p><p>Etymology. From Latin “ singular ”, referring to the distinctive leg and terminalia features in males of the new species.</p><p>Remarks. Rafaelomyia singularis sp. nov. is easily recognized by the femora mostly brown to dark brown (Fig. 5A), femur II with 1 strong anteroventral seta near base (Fig. 5D) and tibia III with posterior to posteroventral rows of long setae at apical 1/3.</p><p>Distribution. Rafaelomyia singularis sp. nov. is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E2F6D31FF3340A6FF640768	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
038687B75E2A6D32FF334321FE8D0710.text	038687B75E2A6D32FF334321FE8D0710.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia uniamazonia Ramos-Pastrana & Soares 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia uniamazonia Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Soares sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 7, 8)</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Body length 6 mm (Fig. 7A); femora mostly yellow, except dorsal and ventral surfaces of femora I and II darkened and apical 1/3 of femur III brown to dark brown (Fig. 7A); wing dark brown, vein R 2+3 not thickened (Fig. 7F); outer branch of cercus with subtriangular, weakly sclerotized and bare projection near apex (Fig. 8B, C); hypandrium with a short concavity and two very short dentiform projections at apex (Fig. 8G, H); phallus abruptly narrowing at apex, with wide and lobulated preapical processes (Fig. 8E, F).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 7A). Body length: 6 mm; wing length: 6 mm, width: 2 mm (n = 1). Head (Fig. 7B–D). Face as wide as ocellar tubercle, eyes almost parallel sided, only slightly narrowing at middle of face. Palpus oval, short, black, covered with short stout setae and yellowish pruinosity, with tuff of long brown setae at apical 1/2. Thorax (Fig. 7A, B). Mesonotum mostly metallic dark green with weak bluish reflections. Wing (Fig. 7F). Membrane and veins dark brown. R 4+5 nearly straight, slightly curved posteriorly near apex; M 1 nearly straight and almost parallel sided with R 4+5, slightly curved posteriorly at apex; CuA+CuP long, ending at basal 1/2 of cell bm+dm. Legs (Fig. 7A). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apical 1/2 of lateral surface yellow of coxa I, all trochanter, anterior and posterior surfaces of femora I and II, basal 1/2 and basal 2/3 of anterior surface of femur III yellow. Leg I. Podomere ratios: 69, 65, 36/16/11/9/11. Tibia I with 3 strong anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3.5/6 and apex, anterodorsal row of short setae from basal 2/6 to apex, about as long as width of tibia, ventral row of long slender setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex, about 1.5X longer than width of tibia (MSSC). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 79, 80, 50/34/23/12/12.Anterior surface of coxa II covered with vestiture of long setae and dark silvery pruinosity, outer edge with 3 long setae, 2 near middle and 1 near apex, inner edge with row of long setae, apical edge with long setae. Femur II with row of 6 long setae increasing in length at apex ventrally. Tibia II with 2 stout anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, 3 stout posterodorsal setae at: 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6, and crown of strong setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, 1 posteroventral and 1 ventral long seta, about 1/2 as long as IIt 1. Leg III. Podomere ratios: 105, 105, 30/45/28/18/15. Femur III with dorsal row of long erect setae at basal 1/2, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point, 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 4–5 strong anteroventral setae at apical 1/3. Abdomen (Fig. 7A, not dissected). Mostly dark brown, with weak greenish reflections, tergites 6, 7 and sternite 8 darker. Hypopygium (Figs 7E, 8). Pale brownish, somewhat triangular. Cercus mostly yellow, distinctly longer than epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Figs 7E, 8A). Outer branch of cercus longer, somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex, slightly bent ventrally at apical 1/2 with inner wide, subtriangular, weakly sclerotized and bare projection near apex; outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender yellow setae (Fig. 8B, C). Inner branch of cercus short, slender, somewhat digitiform, about 1/2 as long as outer branch, dorsal surface covered with short erect setae, longer at apex (Fig. 8B, C). Surstylus somewhat triangular, with acute apex, about 1/4 as long as epandrial capsule, inner edge with 3 short slender setae, 1 near base, 2 near middle, and 1 stout seta dorsally at apex (Fig. 8A, D). Hypandrium slightly curved ventrally at apex, about 2.5X longer than wide, with short concavity and two very short dentiform projections at apex (Fig. 8G, H). Phallus slightly longer than epandrial capsule, widening near base, and abruptly narrowing at apex, with wide and lobulated preapical processes (Fig. 8E, F). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 8E). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized and narrowing towards apex (Fig. 8E).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 8A) labelled as: “ COLOMBIA: Huila, Garzón | Vda.[Vereda] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.501114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1350002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.501114/lat 2.1350002)">Las Mercedes</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.501114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1350002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.501114/lat 2.1350002)">Parque Regional Natural</a> | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.501114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1350002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.501114/lat 2.1350002)">Regional Cerro Páramo de Miraflores</a>, | 02°08′06″N 75°30′04″W, 2.074 m | 24.xi–08.xii.2022 Malaise, Ramos-Pastrana, Y. (LEUA)” “HOLOTYPE | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.501114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1350002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.501114/lat 2.1350002)">Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Soares</a> [red label]” Holotype condition: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.501114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1350002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.501114/lat 2.1350002)">Good</a>, terminalia dissected and stored in microvial, left wing glued to paper triangle. PARATYPE: Same data as holotype except, 14.i.–2.ii.2023 (1 ♂, LEUA) .</p><p>Remarks. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia sp. nov. is remarkably similar to R. inpa sp. nov. as discussed above (see remarks under R. inpa sp. nov.), but can be differentiated by the larger size 6.0 mm (Fig. 7A), wing membrane dark brown (Fig. 7F) and apex of phallus with a wide preapical lobulated process (Fig. 8E, F).</p><p>Etymology. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia sp. nov. is named after the shorthand name for the Universidade de la Amazonia in Valencia, Colombia.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality, at the district of Huila in Colombia (Fig. 13B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E2A6D32FF334321FE8D0710	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
038687B75E296D2EFF3343CEFA8307F4.text	038687B75E296D2EFF3343CEFA8307F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rafaelomyia xavieri Soares & Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023	<div><p>Rafaelomyia xavieri Soares &amp; Capellari sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 10)</p><p>Diagnosis (males). Body length 3.5–3.7 mm (Fig. 9A); femora mostly yellow, except apical 1/3 of femur III brown to dark brown (Fig. 9A); wing membrane faintly brownish, vein R 2+3 thickened before apex (Fig. 9F); outer branch of cercus with inner long, truncated and bare projection near apex (Fig. 10C, D); hypandrium asymmetrical, somewhat rectangular, apical margin with 2 pointed processes, left process sinuous, curved ventrally and about 2X longer than right process, right process short, directed anteriorly (Fig. 10G, H); phallus lacking preapical process, only narrowing towards apex, basal 1/2 of dorsal edge with a few dentiform processes (Fig. 10F).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 9A). Body length: 3.5–3.7 mm; wing length: 3.4–3.5 mm, width: 1.1–1.2 mm (n = 2). Head (Fig. 9C). Similar to Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. except as noted: Face wider than ocellar tubercle, eyes almost parallel sided. Thorax (Fig. 9A, D). Mostly metallic dark green with bluish reflections. Wing (Fig. 9F). Membrane light brown. R 2+3 nearly straight, thickened before apex; R 4+5 nearly straight, slightly curved posteriorly near apex; M 1 nearly straight and parallel sided with R 4+5; CuAx ratio: 0.4. Legs (Fig. 9A, B). Mostly yellow, except anterior surface of coxa I with short spot near base of outer edge, lateral surface of coxae II and III, tarsus I and II from apical 1/2 of basitarsus and leg III from apical 1/3 of femur III brown to dark brown. Leg I (Fig. 9B). Podomere ratios: 36, 34, 19/7/6/5/5. Femur I with anteroventral row of short sparse setae from base to basal 1/2, 1 longer anteroventral preapical seta, posteroventral row of short erect setae from base to apex, ending in 2 longer setae. Tibia I with 2 anterodorsal conspicuous setae at 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, anterodorsal row of short stout setae from 2/6 to apex, ventral row of long erect setae from 2/6 to apex (MSSC), crown of short stout setae at apex: 1 anterior, 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal and 1 posterior. Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of short erect setae from base to apex (MSSC). Leg II (Fig. 9B). Podomere ratios: 38, 37, 23/13/10/6/5. Femur II with anteroventral row of short stout setae, from basal 1.5/6 to apex, ending in 2 more stronger setae, posterior surface mostly bare, with posteroventral row of very short sparse setae, ending in 4 short stout setae. Tibia II with 2 anterodorsal setae at 1.5/6 (long) and 3.5/6 (short), 2 posterodorsal short setae at 1/6 and 3/6, crown of setae at apex: 1 dorsal, 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 anteroventral and 1 long ventral seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Leg III. Podomere ratios: 50, 50, 15/19/12/9/6. Femur III with dorsal row of short setae at basal 1/3, shorter than width of femur at broadest point, 1 long dorsal seta at 5/6, 3 strong ventral setae at basal 1/2, 1 long anteroventral and 1 short posteroventral setae near apex. Tibia III with 4 pairs of long antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6, 4/6, and apex, 2 anteroventral setae at 2/6 and 4/6, 1 long ventral seta at apex (about 1/2 as long as IIIt 1). Abdomen (Figs 9A, 10A). Mostly dark brown, with weak bluish reflections. Sternite 4 with short concavity at posterior margin. Sternite 6 weakly sclerotized, somewhat subtriangular, with 2 anterior pairs of short setae. Hypopygium (Figs 9E, 10B–H). Pale brownish, somewhat triangular (Figs 9E, 10B). Cercus mostly yellow, about as long as epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Fig. 10C, D). Outer branch of cercus somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex; inner long, truncated and bare projection near apex, outer edge with row of strong setae; apical edge with long strong setae, apical 1/2 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender yellow setae (Fig. 10C, D). Inner branch short, slender, slightly narrowing towards apex, about 1/2 as long as outer branch; inner edge with slender pale setae, apex with strong black setae (Fig. 10C, D). Surstylus triangular, with pointed apex, about 1/3 as long as epandrial capsule, ventral edge weakly convex, with 2 long setae near base, about 1/2 as long as surstylus and ventral edge with row of short slender setae (Fig. 10B, E). Hypandrium asymmetrical, somewhat rectangular, apical margin with 2 pointed processes, left process sinuous, curved ventrally and about 2X longer than right process; right process short, directed anteriorly (Fig. 10G, H). Phallus about as long as epandrial capsule, narrowing at apex, basal 1/2 of dorsal surface with a few dentiform processes (Fig. 10F). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, weakly fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 10F). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, truncated at apex (Fig. 10F).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 9A) labelled as: “ PERU, Cusco, Quincemil, rio | Araza, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″ | W, 1000 m, 22–26.viii.2012 | sweep, J.A. Rafael &amp; R.R. Cavichioli ” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia xavieri | Soares &amp; Capellari [handwritten in red label]” (1 ♂ dissected, MUSM). Holotype condition: Good, not dissect, left postpedicel and left leg III broken off. PARATYPE: Same data as holotype (1 ♂ dissected, INPA).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is named after the biologist Francisco Felipe Xavier Filho (INPA) for his essential contribution to the training of hundreds of entomologists and to the collection and discovery of new species of invertebrates in Brazil.</p><p>Remarks. Rafaelomyia xavieri sp. nov. is easily recognized by the legs mostly yellow (Fig. 9A, B), femur II with posteroventral row of very short sparse setae, ending in 4 short stout setae near apex (Fig. 9B), vein R 2+3 thickened before apex (Fig. 9F), phallus lacking preapical process and basal 1/2 of dorsal surface with dentiform processes (Fig. 10F).</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687B75E296D2EFF3343CEFA8307F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Soares, Matheus M. M.;Capellari, Renato S.;Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany	Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany (2023): Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 5389 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508
