identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038657640D3ACB032D93FD3DFADCFBB3.text	038657640D3ACB032D93FD3DFADCFBB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Aedes) cinereus Meigen 1818	<div><p>1. Aedes (Aedes) cinereus Meigen, 1818</p><p>(Fig. 2A)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 156), Burtin (2014: 33), Khalin et al. (2020: 61), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 26″ N, 26° 42′ 60″ E), 14. VI .2017, T . Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210180; 1♂, Tartu (58° 21′ 23″ N, 26° 44′ 31″ E), 24.IX.2017, T . Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210247; 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 24″ N, 26° 42′ 55″ E), 14.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210181, GenBank: OK465139 .</p><p>Comment: 1,436 mosquitoes (5.9% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. cinereus . This species is abundant in Estonia and can be found almost everywhere from June to September. Also, Ae. cinereus can be numerous at times, especially towards the end of the summer, based on the data of the present study. It should be noted that adult females are difficult to differentiate from the closely related Ae. geminus based on morphology alone; thus, specimens of Ae. geminus could also be among the specimens of Ae. cinereus collected during the study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3ACB032D93FD3DFADCFBB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D3ACB032D93FB19FCE3F9BB.text	038657640D3ACB032D93FB19FCE3F9BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Aedimorphus) vexans (Meigen 1830)	<div><p>2. Aedes (Aedimorphus) vexans (Meigen, 1830)</p><p>(Fig. 2B)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 156), Burtin (2014: 34), Lilja et al. (2018: 283), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 23″ N, 26° 44′ 31″ E), 13.VIII.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210182, GenBank: OK465140; 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 17″ N, 26° 41′ 58″ E), 21.VIII.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210183, GenBank: OK465141; 1♂, Tartu (58° 21′ 16″ N, 26° 40′ 53″ E), 06.VI.2015, T. Kesküla leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210184 .</p><p>Comment: 366 mosquitoes (1.5% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. vexans . This species was infrequently collected, but specimens could be found throughout the warm season, with a peak of activity in August. However, Ae. vexans has been found to emerge in large numbers after floods (Schäfer &amp; Lundström 2009), so their low numbers in this study could be due to sampling bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3ACB032D93FB19FCE3F9BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D3ACB022D93F911FA74FE3B.text	038657640D3ACB022D93F911FA74FE3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes (Meigen 1830)	<div><p>3. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes (Meigen, 1830)</p><p>(Fig. 2C)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 154), Burtin (2014: 43), Kirik et al. (2021: 11, as part of the Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes group).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Mändjala (58° 12′ 56″ N, 22° 19′ 56″ E), 16.VI.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210241, GenBank: OK465167 ; 1♂, Omedu (58° 45′ 09″ N, 27° 02′ 23″ E), 06.VI.2015, O. Kurina leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE021218 .</p><p>Comment: Aedes annulipes belongs to the Ae. annulipes group, along with Ae. cantans (Meigen, 1818), Ae. cyprius Ludlow, 1920, Ae. euedes Howard, Dyar &amp; Knab, 1913, Ae. excrucians (Walker, 1956), Ae. flavescens (Müller, 1764), Ae. riparius Dyar &amp; Knab, 1907, etc. (Becker et al. 2020). Aedes annulipes can be morphologically distinguished from others species of the group, but this can be difficult when it comes to adult females. This is because of the variability in their morphological traits as well as inconclusive DNA evidence, making species identification time and resource extensive. For the purposes of this study, mosquitoes with morphology similar to Ae. annulipes were designated as specimens of the Ae. annulipes group. In total, 2,091 individuals (8.6% of all specimens collected) were identified as simply belonging to the group. These mosquitoes were active from May to October, but were most numerous in June. Two specimens, which corresponded well to both the morphological description of Ae. annulipes and the partial COI sequences found in online databases, were chosen as the local voucher specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3ACB022D93F911FA74FE3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D3BCB022D93FD91FDD9FBB3.text	038657640D3BCB022D93FD91FDD9FBB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cantans (Meigen 1818)	<div><p>4. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cantans (Meigen, 1818)</p><p>(Fig. 2C)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 152, as Aëdes maculatus Meigen, 1804), Burtin (2014: 43), Kirik et al. (2021: 11, under the Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes group).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 17″ N, 26° 41′ 58″ E), 06.VI.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210215, GenBank: OK465165; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 54″ N, 26° 44′ 40″ E), 17.V.2015, O. Kurina leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210216; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 1″ N, 26° 41′ 30″ E), 24.VI.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210217, GenBank: OK465166 .</p><p>Comment: Aedes cantans belongs to the Ae. annulipes group. The species of this group can be distinguished based on morphological characteristics, but due to the variability of some traits, as well as inconclusive results of DNA barcoding, mosquitoes similar to Ae. cantans were designated as specimens of the Ae. annulipes group. In all, 2,091 mosquitoes (8.6% of all specimens collected) were as belonging to the Ae. annulipes group. These individuals were found throughout the warm months, but were most numerous in June. Voucher material was chosen from among specimens that best corresponded to the morphological traits of Ae. cantans and matched well with reliable DNA sequences in online databases.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3BCB022D93FD91FDD9FBB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D3BCB022D93FB18FB05F9BB.text	038657640D3BCB022D93FB18FB05F9BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius (Pallas 1771)	<div><p>5. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius (Pallas, 1771)</p><p>(Fig. 2D)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 152).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.443611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.88778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.443611/lat 58.88778)">Vanajõe</a> (58° 53′ 16″ N, 22° 26′ 37″ E), 20–21.VIII.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210185 , GenBank: OK465142 ; 1♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.947777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.890556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.947777/lat 58.890556)">Kerema</a> (58° 53′ 26″ N, 26° 56′ 52″ E), 05–19.VII.2009, R . Miller leg., H. Kirik det., Malaise trap, IZBE0210187; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.443611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.88778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.443611/lat 58.88778)">Vanajõe</a> (58° 53′ 16″ N, 22° 26′ 37″ E), 21–22.VIII.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210186 .</p><p>Comment: 206 mosquitoes (0.9% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. caspius . Aedes caspius is a halophilic species mainly found in Estonia near the brackish water of the Baltic Sea. These mosquitoes are common and at times numerous near the coastline, but are rarely found further inland. Thus, their relatively low numbers collected in this study is due to collection bias. Aedes caspius appears to be active throughout summer.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3BCB022D93FB18FB05F9BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D3BCB012D93F911FD95FF13.text	038657640D3BCB012D93F911FD95FF13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cataphylla Dyar 1916	<div><p>6. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cataphylla Dyar, 1916</p><p>(Fig. 2E)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 154), Khalin et al. (2020: 66), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 44″ N, 26° 43′ 44″ E), 06.VI.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210188, GenBank: OK465143; 1♀, Tartu (58° 20′ 52″ N, 26° 41′ 37″ E), 14.VI.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210189, GenBank: OK465144; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 40″ N, 26° 44′ 05″ E), 14.VI.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210244 .</p><p>Comment: 3,951 mosquitoes (16.2% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. cataphylla, making it the third most common mosquito species in Estonia. This species is abundant almost everywhere in the country and can be numerous at times. As is typical for a spring-time species, Ae. cataphylla are most active in May, but some specimens can be found until September.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D3BCB012D93F911FD95FF13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D38CB012D93FEF8FBDBFCFF.text	038657640D38CB012D93FEF8FBDBFCFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) communis (de Geer 1776)	<div><p>7. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) communis (de Geer, 1776)</p><p>(Fig. 2F)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 155), Burtin (2014: 44), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.396667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.627777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.396667/lat 58.627777)">Tõrve</a> (58° 37′ 40″ N, 26° 23′ 48″ E), 27.VI–01.VII.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210190, GenBank: OK465145 ; 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 40″ N, 26° 44′ 05″ E), 06.VI.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210191, GenBank: OK465146; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 24″ N, 26° 44′ 40″ E), 17.V.2015, O. Kurina leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210192 .</p><p>Comment: 7,316 mosquitoes (30.1% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. communis, making it the dominant species in Estonia. Aedes communis can be found everywhere in the country. It is especially numerous during May and June, but individuals can be found until October. Importantly, there appears to be two distinct mitochondrial lineages in the area, which can make DNA barcoding difficult, as some COI sequences appear to be very similar to the North American Ae. tahoensis (Dyar, 1916) (Kirik et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D38CB012D93FEF8FBDBFCFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D38CB012D93FCD5FE59FB03.text	038657640D38CB012D93FCD5FE59FB03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cyprius Ludlow 1920	<div><p>8. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cyprius Ludlow, 1920</p><p>(Fig. 2G)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 153).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Lasila (59° 16′ 47″ N, 26° 13′ 24″ E), 31.V.2016, M. Kruus leg., H. Kirik det., Malaise trap, IZBE0210193, GenBank: OK465147; 1♀, Lasila (59° 16′ 47″ N, 26° 13′ 24″ E), 31.V.2016, M. Kruus leg., H. Kirik det., Malaise trap, IZBE0210194, GenBank: OK465148 .</p><p>Comment: Four mosquitoes were identified as Ae. cyprius . It was very rare among the mosquitoes collected during this study, but it can be found at the beginning of the warm season in May and June. The only individuals collected in the country from 2008 to 2020 were caught in northern Estonia. The low numbers captured could also be due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D38CB012D93FCD5FE59FB03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D38CB012D93FA89FE66F99F.text	038657640D38CB012D93FA89FE66F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) diantaeus Howard, Dyar & Knab 1913	<div><p>9. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) diantaeus Howard, Dyar &amp; Knab, 1913</p><p>(Fig. 2H)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 154), Burtin (2014: 45), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 44″ N, 26° 43′ 44″ E), 07.VI.2013, V. Burtin leg., V. Burtin det., sweep net, IZBE0210010 .</p><p>Comment: In this study, only one mosquito was identified as Ae. diantaeus . This single specimen was collected in southeastern Estonia at the beginning of June. More research is needed to better understand the abundance of this species in the country.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D38CB012D93FA89FE66F99F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D38CB002D93F975FAE8FEF7.text	038657640D38CB002D93F975FAE8FEF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) dorsalis (Meigen 1830)	<div><p>10. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) dorsalis (Meigen, 1830)</p><p>(Fig. 3A)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 152).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: One male and four females of Ae. dorsalis have been reported from Estonia (Remm 1957). However, the specimens have not been preserved and cannot be verified. No specimens were found during the present study. Aedes dorsalis has been reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), Latvia (Spungis 2000), provinces adjacent to Estonia in northwestern Russia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). Therefore, this species is likely to be present in Estonia as well. The absence of specimens in collections made during this study could be due to insufficient trapping, as well as collection bias, as Ae. dorsalis is halophilic and has been known to be associated with floods (Becker et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D38CB002D93F975FAE8FEF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D39CB002D93FEDDFCB7FD1B.text	038657640D39CB002D93FEDDFCB7FD1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) excrucians (Walker 1856)	<div><p>11. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) excrucians (Walker, 1856)</p><p>(Fig. 3B)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 154), Burtin (2014: 46), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.058054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.363052" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.058054/lat 58.363052)">Tipu</a> (58° 21′ 47″ N, 25° 3′ 29″ E), 31.V–03.VI.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Malaise trap, IZBE0210195, GenBank: OK465149 ; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 13″ N, 26° 40′ 45″ E), 24.VI.2017, T. Kes- küla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210196, GenBank: OK465150; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 23″ N, 26° 41′ 58″ E), 30.V.2015, O. Kurina leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210197 .</p><p>Comment: 193 mosquitoes (0.8% of all collected specimens collected) were identified as Ae. excrucians . The species appears to be uncommon in the country based on this study, but individuals can be found from May to October, although the peak of their activity seems to be in June.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D39CB002D93FEDDFCB7FD1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D39CB002D93FCF1FE08FB03.text	038657640D39CB002D93FCF1FE08FB03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) flavescens (Muller 1764)	<div><p>12. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) flavescens (Müller, 1764)</p><p>(Fig. 3C)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 153), Burtin (2014: 46), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Undi (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 15–16.VIII.08.2016, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210198, GenBank: OK465151 ; 1♀, Marja (58° 23′ 10″ N, 26° 42′ 39″ E), 14– 15.VI.2016, O. Kurina leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210199, GenBank: OK465152 ; 1♀, Marja (58° 23′ 10″ N, 26° 42′ 39″ E), 19–21.VI.2015, O. Kurina leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210200, GenBank: OK465153 .</p><p>Comment: 77 mosquitoes (0.3% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. flavescens . This species seems to be rare in Estonia, but specimens can be found throughout the warm season, from May to October. It is slightly more numerous in May.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D39CB002D93FCF1FE08FB03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D39CB002D93FA89FAF2F957.text	038657640D39CB002D93FA89FAF2F957.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) hexodontus Dyar 1916	<div><p>13. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) hexodontus Dyar, 1916</p><p>(Fig. 3D)</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tõrve (58° 35′ 56″ N, 26° 22′ 20″ E), 27.VI–01.VII.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210201, GenBank: OK465154 ; 1♀, Undi (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 15– 16.V.2016, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210202, GenBank: OK465155 ; 1♀, Undi (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 22–23.V.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210203, GenBank: OK465156 .</p><p>Comment: 35 mosquitoes (0.1% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. hexodontus . This species appears to be relatively rare in Estonia and from 2008 to 2020 it was only collected in May and June.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D39CB002D93FA89FAF2F957	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D39CB0F2D93F8BDFE25FEAB.text	038657640D39CB0F2D93F8BDFE25FEAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) intrudens Dyar 1919	<div><p>14. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) intrudens Dyar, 1919</p><p>(Fig. 3E)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 156), Burtin (2014: 47), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 26″ N, 26° 42′ 60″ E), 04.VI.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210204, GenBank: OK465157; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.52389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.081112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.52389/lat 58.081112)">Viivre</a> (58° 04′ 52″ N, 25° 31′ 26″ E), 18–19.VI.2016, H. Kirik leg. ,</p><p>H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210205, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.744444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.390003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.744444/lat 58.390003)">GenBank</a>: OK465158; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 24″ N, 26° 44′ 40″ E), 17.V.2015, O. Kurina leg. , O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210206 .</p><p>Comment: 189 mosquitoes (0.8% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. intrudens . This species was uncommon in Estonia during the fieldwork of this study. Aedes intrudens appears to be active from May to July, but it is more numerous in May.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D39CB0F2D93F8BDFE25FEAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D36CB0F2D93FE21FA70FCFF.text	038657640D36CB0F2D93FE21FA70FCFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) leucomelas (Meigen 1804)	<div><p>15. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) leucomelas (Meigen, 1804)</p><p>(Fig. 3F)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 154), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.625553" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.39/lat 58.625553)">Tõrve</a> (58° 37′ 32″ N, 26° 23′ 24″ E), 26–29.V.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mos- quito Magnet trap, IZBE0210207, GenBank: OK465159 ; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 26″ N, 26° 42′ 60″ E), 14.06.201 7, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210208, GenBank: OK465160; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 36″ N, 26° 43′ 56″ E), 19.VI.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210209 .</p><p>Comment: 211 mosquitoes (0.9% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. leucomelas . This species seems to be uncommon in Estonia, much less common than the closely related Ae. cataphylla . Mosquitoes identified as Ae. leucomelas were most numerous in May, but some individuals were found until October during this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D36CB0F2D93FE21FA70FCFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D36CB0F2D93FCD5FC58FB2F.text	038657640D36CB0F2D93FCD5FC58FB2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus (Eckstein 1918)	<div><p>16. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus (Eckstein, 1918)</p><p>(Fig. 3G)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 155), Burtin (2014: 48).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Three males and 23 females of Ae. nigrinus were previously reported from Estonia (Remm 1957), but the specimens have not been preserved. No specimens were collected during this study. However, Ae. nigrinus has also been recorded in Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), provinces in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Harbach et al. 2017; Culverwell et al., 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). Therefore, this species is likely to be present in Estonia as well.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D36CB0F2D93FCD5FC58FB2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D36CB0F2D93FAA5FC31F8EF.text	038657640D36CB0F2D93FAA5FC31F8EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor (Kirby 1837)	<div><p>17. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor (Kirby, 1837)</p><p>(Fig. 3H)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1597: 155), Burtin (2014: 48), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 52″ N, 26° 42′ 49″ E), 06.VI.2017. H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210210, GenBank: OK465161; 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 52″ N, 26° 42′ 49″ E), 19.VI.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210211, GenBank: OK465162; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 54″ N, 26° 44″ 40’’ E), 17.V.2015, O. Kurina leg., O. Kurina det., sweep net, IZBE0210212 .</p><p>Comment: 4,594 mosquitoes (18.9% of all specimens collected) were grouped as Ae. punctor / punctodes Dyar, 1922, although males were identified as Ae. punctor . Aedes punctor is known to be more common than Ae. punctodes (Culverwell et al., 2021), but further DNA analysis or larval collections are required to make definitive conclusions about the presence of Ae. punctodes in Estonia. The two females of Ae. punctor / punctodes chosen as voucher specimens were identified as Ae. punctor by DNA barcoding. These mosquitoes were especially numerous in May during this study, but some individuals were found until October.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D36CB0F2D93FAA5FC31F8EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D36CB0E2D93F8E5FB62FE46.text	038657640D36CB0E2D93F8E5FB62FE46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) riparius Dyar & Knab 1907	<div><p>18. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) riparius Dyar &amp; Knab, 1907</p><p>(Fig. 4B)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 153).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Aedes riparius belongs to the Ae. annulipes group and can be difficult to identify. A specimen corresponding to morphologically to Ae. riparius was found during this study, but DNA barcoding identified it as Ae. annulipes / cantans . One male, four females and one larva of Ae. riparius have previously been reported from Estonia (Remm 1957), but these individuals have not been preserved and their identification cannot be verified. Aedes riparius has been found in Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), Latvia (Spungis 2000), provinces in Northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013); consequently, Ae. riparius is likely present in Estonia as well.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D36CB0E2D93F8E5FB62FE46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D37CB0E2D93FE4DFC6BFC06.text	038657640D37CB0E2D93FE4DFC6BFC06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus (Meigen 1838)	<div><p>19. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus (Meigen, 1838)</p><p>(Fig. 4A)</p><p>Published source: Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.599167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.33472" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.599167/lat 58.33472)">Külitse</a> (58° 20′ 5″ N, 26° 35′ 57″ E), 01–03.VIII.2020, V. Oborina leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210213, GenBank: OK465163 ; 1♂, Tartu (58° 20′ 52″ N, 26° 41′ 37″ E), 17.07.201 7, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210249; 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 40″ N, 26° 44′ 05″ E), 05.VII.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210214, GenBank: OK465164 .</p><p>Comment: 231 mosquitoes (1.0% of all specimens collected) were identified as Ae. sticticus . This species appears to be uncommon in the country based on the current collections. However, the abundance of Ae. sticticus has been found to depend on floods, and they can be numerous at certain times (Schäfer &amp; Lundström 2009). Their relatively low numbers in this study could be due to collection bias. Interestingly, Ae. sticticus was encountered more often in August, which is unusual compared to most Aedes species in the area. Overall, some Ae. sticticus can be found in Estonia throughout the summer, from June to September.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D37CB0E2D93FE4DFC6BFC06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D37CB0E2D93FB35FB88FA2A.text	038657640D37CB0E2D93FB35FB88FA2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anopheles (Anopheles) algeriensis Theobald 1903	<div><p>20. Anopheles (Anopheles) algeriensis Theobald, 1903</p><p>(Fig. 4C)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 150).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Nine An. algeriensis females have been previously reported from Estonia, but these specimens have not been preserved and cannot be verified. No new specimens were found during this study. Also, Sweden is the closest country to Estonia where An. algeriensis has been collected (Lundström et al. 2013). In fact, this species appears to be most common in Mediterranean and Balkan countries (Scholte et al. 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D37CB0E2D93FB35FB88FA2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D37CB0E2D93F9A1FC8AF852.text	038657640D37CB0E2D93F9A1FC8AF852.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anopheles (Anopheles) claviger (Meigen 1804)	<div><p>21. Anopheles (Anopheles) claviger (Meigen, 1804)</p><p>(Fig. 4D)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 150, as Anopheles bifurcatus Linnaeus, 1758), Burtin (2014: 35), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.723057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.317497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.723057/lat 58.317497)">Ülenurme</a> (58° 19′ 3″ N, 26° 43′ 23″ E), 14–17.VIII.2020, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210219, GenBank: OK465168 ; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.495556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.9/lat 58.495556)">Undi</a> (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 15– 16.VIII.2016, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210220, GenBank: OK465169 ; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 24″ N, 26° 42′ 55″ E), 03.IX.2013, V. Burtin leg., V. Burtin det., sweep net, IZBE0210007 .</p><p>Comment: 1,038 mosquitoes (4.3% of all specimens collected) were identified as An. claviger . This species is abundant in Estonia, especially during August, but some individuals can be found from May to October. Anopheles claviger was the most common anopheline mosquito in this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D37CB0E2D93F9A1FC8AF852	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D34CB0D2D93FF25FF3AFD6E.text	038657640D34CB0D2D93FF25FF3AFD6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anopheles (Anopheles) maculipennis Meigen 1818	<div><p>22. Anopheles (Anopheles) maculipennis Meigen, 1818 s.s.</p><p>(Fig. 4E)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 151), Burtin (2014: 36, as An. maculipennis s.l.), Kirik et al. (2021: 11, part of the An. maculipennis complex).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♂, Ülenurme (58° 23′ 40″ N, 26° 44′ 05″ E), 19.VIII.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210243, GenBank: OK465173 .</p><p>Comment: Anopheles maculipennis is the nominotypical species of the An. maculipennis complex. Three mosquitoes were identified as An. maculipennis s.s among of 20 specimens of the An. maculipennis complex that were subjected to DNA barcoding. These results indicate that An. maculipennis is likely to be quite uncommon in the country, as only 215 mosquitoes (0.9% of all collected specimens collected) were identified as belonging to the An. maculipennis complex, and presumably An. maculipennis makes up a small portion of these individuals. The true abundance of the An. maculipennis complex is likely to have been underestimated in this study due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D34CB0D2D93FF25FF3AFD6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D34CB0D2D93FD65FD39FADA.text	038657640D34CB0D2D93FD65FD39FADA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anopheles (Anopheles) messeae Falleroni 1926	<div><p>23. Anopheles (Anopheles) messeae Falleroni, 1926</p><p>(Fig. 4E)</p><p>Published source: Kirik et al. (2020: 5).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.334446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.33583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.334446/lat 58.33583)">Punaküla</a> (58° 20′ 9″ N, 25° 20′ 4″ E), 31.V.–03.VI.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210221, GenBank: OK465170 ; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 26″ N, 26° 42′ 60″ E), 04.IX.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210222, GenBank: OK465171; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 13″ N, 26° 40′ 45” E), 17.IX.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210223, GenBank: OK465172 .</p><p>Comment: Anopheles messeae belongs to the An. maculipennis complex. Based on COI sequences, 17 mosquitoes among 20 specimens of the complex subjected to genetic analyses were identified as An. messeae or An. daciae Linton, Nicolescu &amp; Harbach, 2004 (in Nicolescu et al. 2004). This indicates that An. messeae / daciae most likely make up the majority of the 215 (0.9% of all specimens collected) specimens of the complex collected in this study. Anopheles messeae and An. daciae are difficult to distinguish based on COI sequences at this time, but the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of one Estonian An. messeae specimen was sequenced in a previous study (Kirik et al. 2020). All in all, individuals belonging to the An. maculipennis complex could be found from May to October, but were more numerous in August. The abundance of mosquitoes of the complex may be underestimated in this study due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D34CB0D2D93FD65FD39FADA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D34CB0D2D93FA31FE19F956.text	038657640D34CB0D2D93FA31FE19F956.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anopheles (Anopheles) plumbeus Stephens 1828	<div><p>24. Anopheles (Anopheles) plumbeus Stephens, 1828</p><p>(Fig. 4F)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 150).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: There are historical records of four An. plumbeus females collected from Estonia (Remm 1957). No specimens were identified during this study, but this may be because of collection bias. Anopheles plumbeus has also been reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013), but not from other countries neighboring Estonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D34CB0D2D93FA31FE19F956	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D34CB0C2D93F8E5FAAAFE8F.text	038657640D34CB0C2D93F8E5FAAAFE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) richiardii (Ficalbi 1889) Pakalniskis et al. 2000	<div><p>25. Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) richiardii (Ficalbi, 1889)</p><p>(Fig. 4G)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 152, as Mansonia richiardii), Burtin (2014: 38), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.495556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.9/lat 58.495556)">Undi</a> (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 16–17.VIII.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210224, GenBank: OK465174 ; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.495556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.9/lat 58.495556)">Undi</a> (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 16– 17.VIII.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210225, GenBank: OK465175 ; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 20″ N, 26° 42′ 52″ E), 31.VII.2017, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210251 .</p><p>Comment: 787 mosquitoes (3.2% of all specimens collected) were identified as Cq. richiardii . This species is common in the country and specimens have been found from June to October, with a peak of activity in July.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D34CB0C2D93F8E5FAAAFE8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D35CB0C2D93FE4DFEA5FB2F.text	038657640D35CB0C2D93FE4DFEA5FB2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>26. Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus, 1758</p><p>(Fig. 4H)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 157), Burtin (2014: 39), Kirik et al. (2021: 11, as Cx. (Cux.) pipiens / torrentium).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 23″ N, 26° 44′ 31″ E), 24.IX.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210226, GenBank: OK465176; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 05″ N, 26° 42′ 19″ E), 27.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210248; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 26″ N, 26° 42′ 60″ E), 28.VIII.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210227, GenBank: OK465177 .</p><p>Comment: Adults of Cx. pipiens are difficult to distinguish from Cx. torrentium by morphological characteristics alone. However, when 12 Cx. pipiens / torrentium females were subjected to DNA barcoding, five (41.7%) were identified as Cx. pipiens . In 2013, 64 (48.5%) male mosquitoes were identified as Cx. pipiens compared to 68 (51.5%) determined to be Cx. torrentium . In 2017. however, 84 (60.9%) males were identified as Cx. pipiens and only 54 (39.1%) were identified as Cx. torrentium . Based on this information, Cx. pipiens and Cx. torrentium could be present in relatively similar numbers in Estonia. It is possible that the true relative abundance of Cx. pipiens is underestimated in this study due to collection bias. Mosquitoes identified as Cx. pipiens / torrentium were most numerous in September. Also, Cx. pipiens specimens in Estonia were found to be infected with the intercellular symbiont Wolbachia pipientis, which agrees with the published literature (Bergman &amp; Hesson 2021; Inácio da Silva et al. 2021). No attempts were made to identify the “molestus” biotype of Cx. pipiens among the specimens collected during the study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D35CB0C2D93FE4DFEA5FB2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D35CB0C2D93FAA5FE1DF837.text	038657640D35CB0C2D93FAA5FE1DF837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culex (Culex) torrentium Martini 1925	<div><p>27. Culex (Culex) torrentium Martini, 1925</p><p>(Fig. 4H)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1057: 157, as Culex exilis Dyar, 1924), Burtin (2014: 40), Kirik et al. (2021: 11, as Cx. (Cux.) pipiens / torrentium).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 17″ N, 26° 41′ 58″ E), 27.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210228, GenBank: OK465178; 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 40″ N, 26° 44′ 05″ E), 08.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210229, GenBank: OK465179; 1♂, Tartu (58° 23′ 44″ N, 26° 43′ 44″ E), 27.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210245 .</p><p>Comment: The adult females of Cx. torrentium are difficult to distinguish from Cx. pipiens based on only morphological characteristics. Of 12 females subjected to DNA barcoding, seven (58.3%) were identified as Cx. torrentium . Adult males of the two species can be distinguished based on structures of their genitalia. In 2013, 68 (51.5%) among 132 males were identified as Cx. torrentium . In 2017, only 54 (39.1%) males were determined to be Cx. torrentium compared to 84 (60.9%) of individuals identified as Cx. pipiens . All things considered, it is reasonable to assume that Cx. torrentium makes up about half of the 1,236 (5.1% of all collected mosquitoes collected) identified as Cx. pipiens / torrentium during in this study. However, the true relative abundance of these mosquitoes may have been underestimated in this study due to collection bias. Culex torrentium and Cx. pipiens are most active at the end of summer, when they become dominant. Seven Cx. torrentium caught in Estonia were analyzed for Wolbachia pipientis using the wsp gene for detection. The results were negative, which is in line with the findings of Bergman &amp; Hesson (2021).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D35CB0C2D93FAA5FE1DF837	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2ECB172D93FF25FEE9FDF2.text	038657640D2ECB172D93FF25FEE9FDF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culex (Neoculex) territans Walker 1856	<div><p>28. Culex (Neoculex) territans Walker, 1856</p><p>(Fig. 5A)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 157, as Culex apicalis Adams, 1903), Burtin (2014: 41), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Tartu (58° 22′ 52″ N, 26° 42′ 49″ E), 08.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210230, GenBank: OK465180; 1♂, Tartu (58° 22′ 17″ N, 26° 41′ 58″ E), 20.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210250 .</p><p>Comment: 50 mosquitoes (0.2% of all specimens collected) were identified as Cx. territans, making it the least common Culex species in Estonia. Culex territans was collected from July to October. This species is likely more common than the results of this fieldwork indicate, and their very low numbers are expected to be because of collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2ECB172D93FF25FEE9FDF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2ECB172D93FD01FA87FC4E.text	038657640D2ECB172D93FD01FA87FC4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culicella) fumipennis (Stephens 1825)	<div><p>29. Culiseta (Culicella) fumipennis (Stephens, 1825) (Fig. 5B)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 152, as Theobaldia fumipennis).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Five females of Cs. fumipennis were previously reported from Estonia (Remm 1957). No individuals were found during this study. Of countries neighboring Estonia, Cs. fumipennis has been collected in Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013) and a province in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2ECB172D93FD01FA87FC4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2ECB172D93FC45FBAAFA92.text	038657640D2ECB172D93FC45FBAAFA92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culicella) morsitans (Theobald 1901)	<div><p>30. Culiseta (Culicella) morsitans (Theobald, 1901)</p><p>(Fig. 5C)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 152, as Theobaldia morsitans).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.682222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.32139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.682222/lat 58.32139)">Soovere</a> (58° 19′ 17″ N, 26° 40′ 56″ E), 09–12.VII.2020, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., EVS trap, IZBE0210231 ; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.74611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.390278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.74611/lat 58.390278)">Roosi</a> (58° 23′ 25″ N, 26° 44′ 46″ E), 14–17.VII.2020, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210232 , GenBank: OK465181 ; 1♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.334167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.278057" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.334167/lat 58.278057)">Maiorg</a> (58° 16′ 41″ N, 26° 20′ 3″ E), 14–28. VI .2009, O. Kurina leg., H. Kirik det., Malaise trap, IZBE0210233 .</p><p>Comment: 41 mosquitoes (0.2% of all specimens collected) were identified as Cs. morsitans, making it the most commonly collected Culiseta species during this study. Culiseta morsitans was found in insect traps from June to September. The low number of individuals collected is likely due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2ECB172D93FC45FBAAFA92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2ECB172D93FA79FBAEF8C2.text	038657640D2ECB172D93FA79FBAEF8C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culicella) ochroptera (Peus 1935)	<div><p>31. Culiseta (Culicella) ochroptera (Peus, 1935)</p><p>(Fig. 5D)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 152, as Theobaldia ochroptera), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.062222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.36222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.062222/lat 58.36222)">Tipu</a> (58° 21′ 44″ N, 25° 3′ 44″ E), 22–26.VI.2018, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mos- quito Magnet trap, IZBE0210234, GenBank: OK465182 ; 1♀, Tartu (58° 23′ 05″ N, 26° 42′ 19″ E), 14.IX.2016, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210235, GenBank: OK465183; 1♀, Tartu (58° 21′ 23″ N, 26° 44′ 31″ E), 24.IX.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210236 .</p><p>Comment: 11 mosquitoes were identified as Cs. ochroptera . These specimens were collected from August to October. The low number of individuals collected is likely to be due to sampling bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2ECB172D93FA79FBAEF8C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2FCB162D93F911FEDEF837.text	038657640D2FCB162D93F911FEDEF837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Aedes) geminus Peus 1970	<div><p>Aedes (Aedes) geminus Peus, 1970</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Aedes geminus has been reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000; Bernotienė &amp; Lučiūnaitė 2011), a province in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). Therefore, it may also be present in Estonia, but more work is needed to verify this, as the adult females of this species are difficult to distinguish from those of Ae. cinereus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2FCB162D93F911FEDEF837	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2FCB162D93FF25FB58FDF2.text	038657640D2FCB162D93FF25FB58FDF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culiseta) alaskaensis (Ludlow 1906)	<div><p>32. Culiseta (Culiseta) alaskaensis (Ludlow, 1906)</p><p>(Fig. 5E)</p><p>Published source: Remm (1957: 151, as Theobaldia alaskaensis).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, Undi (58° 29′ 44″ N, 26° 54′ 00″ E), 21–22.IV.2015, L. Tummeleht leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210237, GenBank: OK465184 ; 1♀, Ülenurme (58° 19′ 3″ N, 26° 43′ 23″ E), 11– 14.VIII.2020, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210238, GenBank: OK465185 ; 1♂, Kibu- vitsa (58° 46′ 3″ N, 26° 30′ 46″ E), May to October 2020, L. Laaser leg., H. Kirik det., light trap, IZBE0210242 .</p><p>Comment: 37 mosquitoes (0.2% of all specimens collected) were identified as Cs. alaskaensis, making it the second most common Culiseta species in Estonia based on this study. Culiseta alaskaensis appears to be active from April to August. The low number of individuals collected is likely to be due to sampling bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2FCB162D93FF25FB58FDF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2FCB162D93FDD9FA8AFC06.text	038657640D2FCB162D93FDD9FA8AFC06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culiseta) annulata (Schrank 1776)	<div><p>33. Culiseta (Culiseta) annulata (Schrank, 1776)</p><p>(Fig. 5F)</p><p>Published sources: Remm (1957: 151, as Theobaldia annulata), Burtin (2014: 42), Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.723057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.317497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.723057/lat 58.317497)">Ülenurme</a> (58° 19′ 3″ N, 26° 43′ 23″ E), 11–14.VIII.2020, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210239, GenBank: OK465186 ; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.723057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=58.317497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.723057/lat 58.317497)">Ülenurme</a> (58° 19′ 3″ N, 26° 43′ 23″ E), 14–17.VIII.2020, H. Kirik leg., H. Kirik det., Mosquito Magnet trap, IZBE0210240, GenBank: OK465187 ; 1♂, Tartu (58° 21′ 23″ N, 26° 44′ 31″ E), 17.IX.2017, T. Kesküla leg., H. Kirik det., sweep net, IZBE0210246 .</p><p>Comment: 28 mosquitoes (0.1% of all specimens collected) were identified as Cs. annulata . These mosquitoes were found throughout the warm season, from May to October, and seem to have the longest period of activity of all of the Culiseta species in Estonia. The low number of individuals collected is likely to be due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2FCB162D93FDD9FA8AFC06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2FCB162D93FB8DFD74FA2A.text	038657640D2FCB162D93FB8DFD74FA2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Culiseta (Culiseta) bergrothi (Edwards 1921)	<div><p>34. Culiseta (Culiseta) bergrothi (Edwards, 1921)</p><p>(Fig. 5G)</p><p>Published source: Khalin et al. (2020: 74).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: One female of Cs. bergrothi collected in southeastern Estonia is preserved in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020). This species was previously noted to be present in Estonia according to Fauna Europaea (Snow &amp; Ramsdale 2014), but the origin of that record is unknown as no other records have been found by the authors. Culiseta bergrothi has also been reported from provinces in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2FCB162D93FB8DFD74FA2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2CCB152D93FF25FDA7FE46.text	038657640D2CCB152D93FF25FDA7FE46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Dahliana) geniculatus (Olivier 1791)	<div><p>Aedes (Dahliana) geniculatus (Olivier, 1791)</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Aedes geniculatus has been reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), provinces in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013), and could be present in Estonia. This species probably has not been collected during fieldwork due to collection bias.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2CCB152D93FF25FDA7FE46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2CCB152D93FE4DFBF2FCB6.text	038657640D2CCB152D93FE4DFBF2FCB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) euedes Howard, Dyar & Knab 1913	<div><p>Aedes (Ochlerotatus) euedes Howard, Dyar &amp; Knab, 1913</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Ae des euedes is a member of the Ae. annulipes group. It reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), Latvia (Spungis 2000), provinces in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). While no specimens have been reported from Estonia thus far, the species is likely to be present but overlooked, especially as this species appears to be much less common in the Nordic-Baltic region than Ae. annulipes and Ae. cantans, which also belong to the Ae. annulipes group (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020; Lundström et al. 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2CCB152D93FE4DFBF2FCB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2CCB152D93FC1DFDC0FAE6.text	038657640D2CCB152D93FC1DFDC0FAE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus (Coquillett 1904)	<div><p>Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus (Coquillett, 1904)</p><p>Published source: Kirik et al. (2021: 11).</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Mosquitoes with morphological characteristics most similar to Ae. pullatus were found during the study, but DNA barcoding identified them as Ae. communis . These specimens had scales on the hypostigmal area of the thorax, which is unusual for Ae. communis . Aedes pullatus has been previously reported from Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000), provinces in northwestern Russia adjacent to Estonia (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020), Finland (Culverwell 2018; Culverwell et al. 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). However, the occurrence of this species in Estonia remains uncertain.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2CCB152D93FC1DFDC0FAE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2CCB152D93FAEDFD7CF9BA.text	038657640D2CCB152D93FAEDFD7CF9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctodes Dyar 1922	<div><p>Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctodes Dyar, 1922</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Females of Ae. punctodes are difficult to distinguish from the females of Ae. punctor . This species has been reported from Finland (Culverwell 2021) and Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013), and could also be present in Estonia, but this requires further research.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2CCB152D93FAEDFD7CF9BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
038657640D2CCB142D93F924FDF4FD8B.text	038657640D2CCB142D93F924FDF4FD8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aedes (Rusticoidus) rusticus (Rossi 1790)	<div><p>Aedes (Rusticoidus) rusticus (Rossi, 1790)</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: Aedes rusticus has been recognized as a species in Estonia in several mosquito checklist (Khalin &amp; Aibulatov 2020; Snow &amp; Ramsdale 1999; Robert et al. 2019). However, as was pointed out by Huldén &amp; Huldén (2014) Ae. rusticus has been referred to historically by the synonym Ae. maculatus, but that name has also been mistakenly applied to Ae. cantans . In fact, the first checklist of mosquitoes in Estonia by H. Remm also included Ae. maculatus, but the number of specimens collected, as well as the description of their bionomics indicates that the species is Ae. cantans, not Ae. rusticus . This misunderstanding may be the reason why Ae. rusticus has been reported to be present in Estonia, although no verified specimens have been collected in the country. However, Ae. rusticus has also been thought to be present in Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al. 2000) and Latvia (Spungis 2000), and has been reported from Sweden (Lundström et al. 2013). Therefore, this species could also be present in Estonia.</p><p>Genus Anopheles Meigen, 1818</p><p>Anopheles daciae Linton, Nicolescu &amp; Harbach, 2004 (in Nicolescu et al. 2004)</p><p>Published sources: None.</p><p>Voucher material: None.</p><p>Comment: It can be difficult to distinguish An. daciae from An. messeae based on morphology. Nucleotide polymorphisms in ITS2 sequences are currently the best way to distinguish these two species, but this was not done in this study. Anopheles daciae has been reported from Finland (Culverwell et al. 2020; Culverwell et al. 2021), and could also be present in Estonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038657640D2CCB142D93F924FDF4FD8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kirik, Heli;Tummeleht, Lea;Kurina, Olavi	Kirik, Heli, Tummeleht, Lea, Kurina, Olavi (2022): Rediscovering the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Estonia: an annotated checklist with distribution maps and DNA evidence. Zootaxa 5094 (2): 261-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.2.3
