taxonID	type	description	language	source
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	materials_examined	Malaysia Parachute Gecko Figs. 7, 8	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	description	2011 b: 139; Grismer et al., 2011: 78 (in part); Grismer et al., 2018 a: 203 (in part). Ptychozoon lionatum (sic.) Grismer, Youmans, Wood, & Grismer 2006: 161; Grismer & Pan, 2008: 278.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. LSUHC 10648 adult female collected by Evan S. H. Quah, L. Lee Grismer, Anuar Shahrul, and Jesse L. Grismer on 26 June 2012 on the road to the top of Gunung Jerai, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia (5.8099 ° N, 100.4367 ° E, 744 m above sea level). Paratypes. LSUHC 5597 adult male collected by Jesse L. Grismer, L. Lee Grismer, and Perry L. Wood Jr. on 23 July 2003 from Pulau Sibui, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia (2.217539 ° N, 104.069966 ° E, 16 m above sea level). LSUHC 5783 bears the same data as LUSHC 5597 except it was collected on 1 September 2003. LSUHC 8709 adult male collected by L. Lee Grismer, Perry L. Wood Jr., and Jesse L. Grismer from Pulau Perhentian Besar, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.901514 ° N, 102.746672 ° E, 123 m above sea level). LSUHC 9059 adult female bearing the same collection data as LSUHC 8709 except being collected on 18 October 2007. LSUHC 9447 adult female collected by Perry L. Wood Jr., Jesse L. Grismer, and L. Lee Grismer from Gunung Machinchang, Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia (6.386111 ° N, 99.661111 ° E, 634 m above sea level). LSUHC 10978 adult female collected by Evan S. H. Quah and L. Lee Grismer on 7 September 2013 from Hutan Lipur Lata Belatan, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.579567 ° N, 102.589028 ° E, 527 m above sea level). LSUHC 11058 adult female collected by L. Lee Grismer and Shahrul Anuar on 26 June 2013 from Kem Baha, Gunung Stone, Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia (5.340092 ° N, 101.966917 ° E, 511 m above sea level). LSUHC 11418 adult male collected by Evan S. H. Quah and L. Lee Grismer on 26 June 2013 from Pulau Bidong, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.620990 ° N, 103.058062 ° E, 25 m above sea level). Additional specimens examined. LSUHC 5539 adult female collected by Jesse L. Grismer, L. Lee Grismer, Perry L. Wood Jr. on 23 July 2003 from Pulau Sibu, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia (2.21754 ° N, 104.06997 ° E, 16 m above sea level); LSUHC 6437 adult female collected by Jesse L. Grismer and Perry L. Wood Jr. on 2 July 2004 from the Tekek-Juara Trail, Pulau Tioman, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia (2.82070 ° N, 104.168954 ° E, 110 m above sea level); LSUHC 9409 adult female collected by Evan S. H. Quah and L. Lee Grismer at the Reng Reef field station, Pulau Redang, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.81212 ° N, 103.000749 ° E, 49 m above sea level); LSUHC 9891 adult female collected by Perry L. Wood Jr., L. Lee Grismer, and Jesse L. Grismer on 6 September 2007 from Lata Tembaka, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.554063 ° N, 102.431311 ° E, 690 m above sea level); LSUHC 11439 adult female collected by Evan S. H. Quah and L. Lee Grismer on 26 June 2013 from Pulau Bidong, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.620990 ° N, 103.058062 ° E, 25 m above sea level). LSUHC 11234 – 36 collected by Evan S. H. Quah and L. Lee Grismer on 3 July 2013 from Hutan Lipur Lata Belatan, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (5.57957 ° N, 102.58902 ° E, 527 m above sea level).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. differs from all other species of Ptychozoon by having the following unique combination of characters: a maximum SVL of 93.4 mm; supranasals not in contact; 9 – 13 supralabials; 11 – 15 infralabials; infra-auricular cutaneous flap present; prominent supra-auricular lobe; no dorsal or caudal tu-	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Adult female SVL 86.0 mm; head moderate (HL / SVL 0.27), wide (HW / HL 0.76), depressed (HD / HL 0.40), distinct from neck; snout rounded at tip in dorsal profile; prefrontal region concave; lores rounded; rostral scale large, rectangular, bearing an inverted Y-shaped, dorsomedial groove, in contact posteriorly with two supranasals, one postnasal, dorsolaterally with nostrils, and laterally with first supralabials; supralabials (10 R, L) to mid-orbital position; infralabials (12 R, 14 L); nostrils elliptical with long axes oriented dorsoventrally, occupying anterior portion of nasal scale, bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by supranasal, posteriorly by four postnasals of varying sizes (upper largest), and ventrally by first and second supralabials; scales on rostrum granular slightly larger than granular scales on top of head and occiput; eyes large (ED / HL 0.22), less than snout length; pupil vertically elliptical, crenelated; supraciliaries elongate, posteriormost weakly pointed; auricular opening rounded, bearing a prominent supra-auricular lobe; tympanum deeply sunk; infra-auricular flap broad, rounded, extending from below corner of mouth to lateral margin of neck midway between posterior margin of ear opening and forelimb insertion, measuring 3.9 mm at its widest point; dorsal scales of infra-auricular flap large, subimbricate proximally, small juxtaposed distally, ventral flap scales minute and granular; mental triangular, slightly wider than deep, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by paired, rectangular postmentals contacting medially for 80 % of their length; one row of enlarged sublabials bordering infralabials, anteriormost largest; gular scales small, rounded, grading into larger, imbricating throat and subimbricate pectoral and ventral scales. Body dorsoventrally depressed, relatively stout (AXG / SVL 0.46); patagium 9.4 mm at midpoint of body, bearing enlarged subimbricate, rectangular scales dorsally, minute juxtaposed, subrectangular scales ventrally, ventral surface bearing raised ridges of granular scales extending from body to edge of flap; 86 minute, flat, round, juxtaposed midbody dorsal scales, largest mid-dorsally; four (L) and one (R) large, flat, isolated, dorsal scale (s) immediately anterior to the hind limb insertions; 42 transverse rows of large, smooth, flat, subimbricate ventrals, ventrals much larger than dorsals, decreasing in size laterally into granular scales at base of flap; 23 enlarged, precloacal scales; five rows of enlarged, post-precloacal scales; and scales immediately anterior to vent granular. Limbs short, robust (FL / SVL 0.11; TBL / SVL 0.15); dorsal scales of forelimbs, flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; ventral forelimb scales subimbricate; anterior and posterior margins of forelimbs, and posterior margins of hind limbs bearing wide, cutaneous flaps; that of anterior margin of forearm (i. e. pre-antebrachial flap) emarginated distally and terminating low on base of digit I; scales of forelimb flap large, elongate, subimbricate; those of hind limb flap much smaller, rounded, subimbricate; palmar scales smooth, rounded; digits fully webbed, relatively short, dorsoventrally compressed; undivided transverse subdigital lamellae number 12 (I), 15 (II), 18 (III), 17 (IV), 18 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads; claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale; dorsal scales of hind limbs, flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; ventral scales of hind limbs flat, subimbricate, smaller than ventral scales of belly; flat scales of anterior margin of thigh subimbricate; plantar scales smooth, subimbricate; digits fully webbed; transverse subdigital lamellae number 10 (I), 13 (II), 17 (III), 17 (IV), 14 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads; and claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale. Tail original, flattened, shorter than SVL (TL / SVL 0.88); two median rows of transversely widened, smooth subcaudals anteriorly becoming less regular and broken up posteriorly; postcloacal scales large, flat, imbricate; dorsal caudals flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; 6 – 10 smaller scales between much larger, transversely aligned scales composing whorls; tail width and caudal lobes decrease posteriorly; 23 caudal lobes on each side slightly angled posteriorly; and tail terminates in a short, narrow, flap (7.3 mm) bearing weakly crenulated edges. Light phase coloration and pattern in life (Fig. 7). Dorsal ground color of head, body, and tail beige; top of head essentially unicolor; labial scales lighter than body, delimited by thin, dark lines at their junctures; infra-auricular flap same lighter color as labial scales; four faint, thin, sinuous dorsal bands between limb insertions transitioning into approximately six darker caudal bands; terminal caudal band on caudal flap nearly black, edged posteriorly by narrow white band; subcaudal region mottled, weakly banded; iris deep-red; gular region, throat, ventral surfaces of forelimbs, pectoral region, and anterior portion of belly dull-white with stippled scales; and posterior margin of belly dull-white, immaculate; stippling on ventral surfaces of hind limbs dense. Variation (Fig. 8). Variation in coloration and pattern is extensive due to this species’ having very different dark and light phases and its ability to substrate-match (see Grismer 2011 a). Color pattern variation in the paratypes described here is based on preserved material. LSUHC 9059, 9447, and 11418 have more boldly marked dorsal bands. Dorsal caudal bands in LSUHC 11418 are much more prominent than those of the holotype. Dark, subcaudal banding in LSUHC 9447 and 11418 is far more distinct than that of the holotype and in LSUHC 9059 and 10991 the banding is more defined than that of the holotype but not nearly as much as the former three specimens. The belly of LSUHC 11418 is much more densely stippled than other specimens of the type series. The parachute scales of the body patagia do not imbricate in LSUHC 5539, 5597, 6437, 8709, and 9059 whereas in the holotype and the other paratypes they are subimbricate. The tails of LSUHC 5783 and 11058 are regenerated and bear no caudal lobes. Males LSUHC 5597, 5783, 8709, and 11418 have 17 – 25 enlarged pore-bearing precloacal scales. Meristic differences amongst the type material and the additional specimens examined are presented in Table 6. Comparisons (Tables 4, 5; Figs. 3, 5, 6). Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. differs from all other species of Ptychozoon in having a prominent supra-auricular lobe as opposed to a small ridge or no enlargement at all. It differs further from P. intermedium Taylor, 1915, P. kuhli (Stejneger, 1902), and P. trinotaterra in lacking as opposed to having caudal tubercles. From P. intermedium, P. rhacophorus (Boulenger, 1899), P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense it differs in having four body bands as opposed to 0 – 3. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. differs from P. bannaense Wang, Wang, & Liu, 2016, P. horsfieldii, P. intermedium, P. kuhli, P. nicobarense, P. rhacophorus, P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense in having an emargination between the pre-antebrachial flap and digit I as opposed to no emargination. From P. popaense it differs by having a maximum SVL of 93.4 mm versus 86.2 mm, 14 – 17 subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe versus 13 or 14, the absence versus the presence of a thick, dark postorbital stripe; and the absence versus the presence of large, irregularly shaped, white, vertebral markings. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. differs futher from P. lionotum, P. kabkaebin sp. nov., and P. tokehos sp. nov. by having a significantly higher mean number of infralabials and a prominent supra-auricular lobe versus a slightly raised ridge. From C. tokehos sp. nov. it differs further by having a significantly higher mean number of subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe, a higher mean number of ventral scales, and a significantly longer axilla-groin length. From P. lionotum it differs even further by having, as opposed to lacking, prominent ridges on the ventral surface of the patagia and weakly crenulated as opposed to smooth caudal flap edges. From C. kabkaebin sp. nov. and P. lionotum it differs further by having a significantly higher mean number of supralabial scales and midbody scales and caudal whorls composed of enlarged scales. From C. kabkaebin sp. nov. it differs further by lacking, as opposed to having, a thick, dark, postorbital stripe. From C. lionotum it differs further by having a significantly narrower head. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. is well-separated from other species previously recognized as P. lionotum in the PCA and DAPC and occupies a significantly different position along PC 1 from that of P. kabkaebin sp. nov. and P. tokehos sp. nov. and along PC 2, it occupies a significantly different positon from that of P. lionotum. From these three species, it is further separated by an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of 4.1 – 14.4 %. Combinations of other characters differentiating P. cicakterbang sp. nov. from other more distantly related species are presented in Table 5.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 1). Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. ranges throughout Peninsular Malaysia and its associated east and west coast islands and most probably extends into extreme southern Thailand. A population has also been reported from Natuna Besar Island, Indonesia that lies between Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo (Leong et al. 2003).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFBFFFA7FF5EBAAE25CFF880.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet cicakterbang is derived from the Malay word for flying lizards. The word “ cicak ” means lizard and “ terbang ” means flight. The term is used for both Ptychozoon and Draco. Natural history. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. is found on trees of varying sizes in primary and old secondary, lowland dipterocarp forests (Fig. 9) up to approximately 800 meters in elevation (Dring 1979; Grismer 2011 a, b; Grismer et al. 2011). On Pulau Sibu, it occurs at sea level on small trees within coastal forest adjacent to mangrove swamps (Grismer 2011 a) and can often be found sleeping on the smaller branches of small trees and large shrubs during the day and night less than two meters above the ground (Grismer 2011 a; Grismer et al. 2011). When alarmed, it may jump to the ground to escape. On Pulau Lang Tengah, Terengganu, specimens were observed on the ground eating winged termites on a rainy evening during a storm (Evan S. H. Quah; pers. obs.). Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. is adept at substrate matching and can vary considerably in coloration and pattern from one area to the next (Fig. 8).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. NCSM 80585 adult female collected by Sengvilay Seateun and Misan Keooudone on 16 June 2012 from Houay Ta Ang Stream, Pakkading District, Bolikhamxay Province, Laos (18.32997 ° N, 103.99140 ° E, 163 m above sea level). Paratypes. FMNH 271140 adult female collected by Bryan L. Stuart, Somphouthone Phimmachak, and Niane Sivongxay on 28 May 2007 from Nakai-Nam Theun National Protected Area, Phou Ack Mountain, Boualapha District, Khammouan Province, Laos (17.64433 ° N, 105.73667 ° E, 980 m above sea level); and NUOL 00036 adult female collected by Bryan L. Stuart, Somphouthone Phimmachak, and Jennifer A. Sheridan on 17 May 2013 from Nakai-Nam Theun National Protected Area, Phou Ack Mountain, Boualapha District, Khammouan Province, Laos (17.64256 ° N, 105.73608 ° E, 992 m above sea level).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. differs from all other species of Ptychozoon by having the following unique combination of characters: a maximum SVL of 95.4 mm; supranasals not in contact; 8 – 10 supralabials; 10 – 12 infralabials; infra-auricular cutaneous flap; weak, supra-auricular ridge present; no dorsal or caudal tubercles; imbricate parachute support scales on dorsal surface of patagia; no prominently raised ridges on ventral surface of patagia; 78 – 82 midbody dorsal scales; 33 – 38 ventral scales; an emargination between the pre-antebrachial flap and digit I; no enlarged femoral scales; 22 or 23 enlarged precloacal scales; 5 – 7 rows of enlarged post-precloacal scales; 13 – 17 transverse subdigital lamellae on fourth toe; no enlarged dorsal caudal scales forming whorls; approximately 27 – 30 scales across widest portion of caudal flap; distal lobes fusing to form a short, narrow caudal flap; edges of caudal flap weakly crenulated; caudal lobes angled posteriorly; caudal lobes decrease posteriorly in size; thick, dark, postorbital stripe; four dark body bands between limb insertions; irregularly shaped, white, vertebral markings variably present; and subcaudal region banded in adults (Tables 4, 5).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Adult female SVL 85.1 mm; head moderate (HL / SVL 0.27), wide (HW / HL 0.79), depressed (HD / HL 0.41), distinct from neck; snout rounded at tip in dorsal profile; prefrontal region weakly concave; lores rounded; rostral scale large, rectangular, in contact posteriorly with two supranasals and two small postnasals, dorsolaterally with nostrils, and laterally with first supralabials; supralabials (10 R, L) to mid-orbital position; infralabials (12 R, L); nostrils elliptical with long axes oriented obliquely, occupying anterior portion of nasal scale, bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by supranasal, posteriorly by six postnasals of varying sizes (upper largest), and ventrally by first supralabial; scales on rostrum granular slightly larger than granular scales on top of head and occiput; eyes large (ED / HL 0.21), less than snout length; pupil vertically elliptical, crenelated; supraciliaries elongate, posteriormost weakly pointed; auricular opening rounded, bearing a weak, supra-auricular ridge; tympanum deeply sunk; infra-auricular flap broad, rounded, extending from below corner of mouth to lateral margin of neck midway between posterior margin of ear opening and forelimb insertion, measuring 5.6 mm at its widest point; dorsal scales of infra-auricular flap large, subimbricate proximally, small juxtaposed distally, ventral flap scales minute and granular; mental triangular, as wide as deep, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by paired, rectangular postmentals contacting medially for 100 % of their length; one row of enlarged sublabials bordering infralabials, anteriormost largest; gular scales small, rounded, grading into larger imbricating throat and subimbricate pectoral and ventral scales. Body dorsoventrally depressed, relatively stout (AXG / SVL 0.47); patagia 7.4 mm at midpoint of body bearing enlarged, subimbricate, rectangular scales dorsally, minute, juxtaposed, subrectangular scales ventrally; ventral surface not bearing raised ridges of granular scales; 81 minute, flat, round, juxtaposed midbody dorsal scales, largest mid-dorsally; no large flat dorsal scales immediately anterior to the hind limb insertions; 35 transverse rows of large, smooth, flat, subimbricate ventral scales much larger than dorsal scales, decreasing in size laterally into granular scales at the base of the flap; 22 enlarged, precloacal scales; seven rows of enlarged, post-precloacal scales; and scales immediately anterior to vent granular. Limbs short, robust (FL / SVL 0.12; TBL / SVL 0.16); dorsal scales of forelimbs, flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; ventral forelimb scales subimbricate; anterior and posterior margins of forelimbs, and posterior margins of hind limbs bearing wide, cutaneous flaps; that of anterior margin of forearm (i. e. pre-antebrachial flap) emarginated distally and terminates low on the base of digit I, that of the foreleg does not reach the base of digit I; scales of forelimb flaps large, elongate, subimbricate; those of hind limb flaps much smaller, rounded, subimbricate; palmar scales smooth, rounded; digits fully webbed, relatively short, dorsoventrally compressed; undivided transverse subdigital lamellae number 15 (I), 14 (II), 13 (III), 15 (IV), 14 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads; claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale; dorsal scales of hind limbs, flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; ventral scales of hind limbs flat, subimbricate, smaller than ventral scales of belly; flat; scales of anterior margin of thigh subimbricate; plantar scales smooth, subimbricate; digits fully webbed; transverse subdigital lamellae number 10 (I), 13 (II), 13 (III), 14 (IV), 11 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads, and claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale. Tail original, flattened, same length as SVL (TaL / SVL 1.00); two median rows of transversely widened, smooth subcaudals anteriorly becoming less regular and broken up posteriorly; postcloacal scales large, flat, imbricate; dorsal caudals flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales and not bearing transversely aligned whorls of enlarged scales; tail width and caudal lobes decrease posteriorly; 23 caudal lobes on each side slightly angled posteriorly; and tail terminates in a short flap (11.9 mm) bearing weakly crenulated edges. Light phase coloration and pattern in preservative (Fig. 10). Dorsal ground color of head, body, and tail light-brown; top of head essentially unicolor; labial scales much lighter than body, demarkated by thin, dark lines at their junctures; infra-auricular flap same lighter color as labial scales and gular region; four, thin, sinuous dorsal bands between limb insertion eventually transitioning into approximately two dark-brown caudal bands towards the end of the tail; terminus of caudal flap white; subcaudal region mottled anteriorly and banded; pectoral region, belly, and ventral surfaces of limbs dull-white with no stippling. Variation. Variation in coloration and pattern varies due to this species’ having dark and light phases and its ability to substrate match. Color pattern variation in the paratypes described here is based on preserved material. The paratypes closely approximate the holotype in coloration and pattern. Caudal banding is distinct in all specimens. The wide white band on the caudal flap extends all the way to the tip in the holotype whereas in the paratypes a black band encompasses the tip. Paratype FMNH 271140 has irregularly shaped, white vertebral markings that are absent in the paratype NUOL 00036 and the holotype. Variation in meristic characters is presented in Table 7. Comparisons (Tables 4, 5; Figs. 3, 5, 6). Differences between Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. and P. cicakterbang sp. nov. are listed above in the comparisons section of P. cicakterbang sp. nov. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. differs from P. intermedium, P. kuhli, and P. trinotaterra in lacking, as opposed to having, caudal tubercles. From P. intermedium, P. nicobarense, P. rhacophorus, P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense it differs in having four body bands as opposed to 0 – 3. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. differs from P. bannaense, P. horsfieldii, P. intermedium, P. kuhli, P. nicobarense, P. rhacophorus, P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense in having an emarginated preantebrachial flap as opposed to lacking an emargination. From P. popaense it differs by having a maximum SVL of 95.4 mm versus 86.2 mm. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. differs from P. lionotum, and P. tokehos sp. nov. by having a significantly higher mean number of infralabials. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. differs from P. tokehos sp. nov. in having a significantly wider head. Even though Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. and P. tokehos sp. nov. have nearly discrete differences in their numbers of midbody scales (78 – 82 and 80 – 95, respectively), their mean differences (80.3 versus 89.0) were not significantly different in the ANOVA (p = 0.09) although they were significantly different in a two-sample Student t- test (t = 5.585; p = 0.002). Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. is the sister species of P. lionotum but differs further from it by having a significantly shorter snout. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. is well-separated from P. cicakterbang sp. nov. and P. lionotum in the PCA and from all species in the DAPC where their 95 % confidence ellipses do not overlap. Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. occupies a significantly different position along PC 1 from that of P. cicakterbang sp. nov. and along PC 2, it occupies a significantly different positon from that of P. tokehos sp. nov. From all species of the lionotum group it differs by having an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of 4.1 – 14.4 %. Combinations of other characters differentiating P. kabkaebin sp. nov. from the other more distantly related species are presented in Table 5.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 1). Ptychozoon kabkaebin sp. nov. is endemic to the eastern parts of northern and central Laos although it will likely be found in adjacent areas of central Vietnam.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAAFFADFF5EBCAC261BFC90.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet kabkaebin is the Lao word used for Ptychozoon. Natural history. NCSM 80585 was collected during the day from beneath a house on stilts that was located along a stream in degraded semi-evergreen forest at 160 m in elevation. FMNH 271140 was collected during the day (1115 h) at 980 m in elevation and NUOL 00036 was collected during the night (2130 h) at 992 m in elevation, both on large boulders in a mosaic of evergreen, deciduous, and pine forest with grassy understory at the edge of a high cliff on a steep escarpment. (Fig. 11).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. FMNH 261853 adult female, collected by Bryan L. Stuart and Dara Anon 5 June 2000 from Kirirom National Park, Phnom Sruoch District, Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia (11.32611 ° N, 104.06556 ° E, 700 m in elevation). Paratypes. FMNH 261851 – 52 bear the same collection data as the holotype except they were collected on 3 June 2000. FMNH 261854 bears the same collection data as the holotype except it was collected on 5 November 2000 by Joe Walston. CBC 03162 adult female collected by Neang Thy on 9 June 2017 from Bokor National Park, Teuk Chou District, Kampot Province, Cambodia (10.60156 ° N, 104.03200 ° E, 325 m in elevation). NCSM 98986 adult female collected by Neang Thy on 10 June 2017 from Bokor National Park, Teuk Chou District, Kampot Province, Cambodia (10.60372 ° N, 104.02944 ° E, 328 m in elevation). NCSM 98987 adult female collected by Neang Thy on 12 June 2017 from Bokor National Park, Teuk Chou District, Kampot Province, Cambodia (10.58753 ° N, 104.03269 ° E, 315 m in elevation). FMNH 177359 adult male collected by Edward H. Taylor on 11 June 1969 from the Khao Chong Reserve, Trang Province, Thailand (7.54350 ° N 99.79800 ° E, 127 m in elevation). FMNH 181844 adult male collected by W. Ronald Heyer on 11 June 1969 from Pak Thong Chai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Sakaerat (Environmental Research Station), Thailand (14.50000 ° N, 100.86670 ° E, 16 m in elevation). Additional specimens examined. FMNH 177358 and 177550 adult females collected by Edward H. Taylor on 11 June 1969 from the Khao Chong Reserve, Trang Province, Thailand (7.54350 ° N 99.79800 ° E, 127 m in elevation). FMNH 181823 – 24, 181828 – 29 adult males collected by W. Ronald Heyer on 11 June 1969 from Pak Thong Chai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Sakaerat (Environmental Research Station), Thailand (14.50000 ° N, 100.86670 ° E, 16 m in elevation). USNM 587523 adult female collected by Daniel Mulcahy on 27 May 2015 from the proposed Lenya National Park, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar (11.05080 ° N 98.91720 ° E, 58 m in elevation). FMNH 177548 adult male collected by Oliver G. Young in 1961 from Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (18.79528 ° N 98.99861 ° E, 314 m in elevation). MNHN 1998.590 and 1999.7661 collected on 16 February 1998 by Olivier S. G. Pauwels from the Phang-Nga Wildlife Breeding Station, Muang District, Phang Nga Province, Thailand (8.45014 ° N, 98.525532 ° E, 154 m in elevation).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. differs from all other species of Ptychozoon by having the following unique combination of characters: a maximum SVL of 97.5 mm; supranasals not in contact; 8 – 11 supralabials; 10 – 12 infralabials; infra-auricular cutaneous flap; weak supra-auricular ridge present; no dorsal or caudal tubercles; imbricate parachute support scales on dorsal surface of patagia; prominently raised ridges on ventral surface of patagia; 80 – 95 midbody dorsal scales; 30 – 37 ventral scales; an emargination between the pre-antebrachial flap and digit I; no enlarged femoral scales; 20 – 24 pore-bearing precloacal scales in males; 18 – 25 enlarged precloacal scales; 4 – 7 rows of enlarged post-precloacal scales; 13 – 18 transverse subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe; approximately 28 – 34 scales across the widest portion of the caudal flap; enlarged dorsal caudal scales forming intermittent whorls; distal lobes fusing to form a short, narrow, caudal flap; edges of caudal flap smooth; caudal lobes angled posteriorly; caudal lobes variably showing posterior reduction in size; postorbital striping variable; four dark body bands between limb insertions; and irregularly shaped, white, vertebral markings usually not present (absent in 14 of 16 specimens; Tables 4, 5).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Adult female SVL 97.5 mm; head moderate (HL / SVL 0.25), wide (HW / HL 0.79), depressed (HD / HL 0.44), distinct from neck; snout rounded at tip in dorsal profile; prefrontal region weakly concave; lores rounded; rostral scale large, rectangular, in contact posteriorly with two supranasals and one postnasal, dorsolaterally with nostrils, and laterally with first supralabials; supralabials (10 R, 9 L) to mid-orbital position; infralabials (12 R, 11 L); nostrils elliptical with long axes oriented obliquely, occupying anterior portion of nasal scale, bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by supranasal, posteriorly by four postnasals of varying sizes (upper largest), and ventrally by first supralabial; scales on rostrum granular larger than granular scales on top of head and occiput; eyes large (ED / HL 0.23), less than snout length; pupil vertically elliptical, crenelated; supraciliaries elongate, posteriormost pointed; auricular opening rounded, bearing a weak supra-auricular ridge; tympanum deeply sunk; infra-auricular flap broad, rounded, extending from below corner of mouth to lateral margin of neck midway between posterior margin of ear opening and forelimb insertion, measuring 5.0 mm at its widest point; dorsal scales of infra-auricular flap large, subimbricate proximally, small juxtaposed distally, ventral scales of flap minute and granular; mental triangular, as wide as deep, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by paired, rectangular postmentals, posterior section of left postmental divided into three smaller scales; one row of enlarged sublabials bordering infralabials, anteriormost largest; gular scales granular, grading into larger imbricating throat and subimbricate pectoral and ventral scales. Body dorsoventrally depressed, relatively stout (AXG / SVL 0.53); patagia 8.9 mm at midpoint of body bearing enlarged, subimbricate, rectangular scales dorsally, minute, juxtaposed, subrectangular scales ventrally, ventral surface bearing raised scaly ridges extending from body to edge of flap; 88 minute, flat, round, juxtaposed midbody dorsal scales, largest mid-dorsally; no large, flat, dorsal scales immediately anterior to the hind limb insertions; 36 transverse rows of large, smooth, flat, subimbricate ventral scales much larger than dorsal scales, decreasing in size laterally into granular scales at the base of the flap; 21 enlarged, precloacal scales; five rows of enlarged, post-precloacal scales; and scales immediately anterior to vent granular. Limbs short, robust (FL / SVL 0.10; TBL / SVL 0.17); dorsal scales of forelimbs, flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales; ventral forelimb scales small, subimbricate; anterior and posterior margins of forelimbs, and posterior margins of hind limbs bearing wide, cutaneous flaps; that of anterior margin of forearm (i. e. pre-antebrachial flap) emarginated distally and terminates low on the base of digit I, that of the foreleg does not reach the base of digit I; scales of forelimb flaps large, elongate, subimbricate; those of hind limb flaps smaller, more rounded, subimbricate; palmar scales smooth, rounded; digits fully webbed, relatively short, dorsoventrally compressed; undivided transverse subdigital lamellae number 11 (I), 13 (II), 12 (III), 13 (IV), 12 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads; claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale; dorsal scales of hind limbs, flat, juxtaposed, same size as dorsal body scales; ventral scales of hind limbs flat, subimbricate, smaller than ventral scales of belly; scales of anterior margin of thigh large, subimbricate; plantar scales smooth, subimbricate; digits fully webbed; transverse subdigital lamellae number 11 (I), 12 (II), 14 (III), 15 (IV), 13 (V), distalmost lamellae V-shaped; claws arise from within the dorsal surface of digital pads, and claw of digit I replaced by an enlarged, flat scale. Tail original, flattened, shorter than SVL (TL / SVL 0.88); two median rows of transversely widened, smooth subcaudals anteriorly becoming less regular and broken up posteriorly; postcloacal scales large, flat, imbricate; dorsal caudals flat, juxtaposed, larger than dorsal body scales, bearing whorls of larger scales; tail width and caudal lobes decrease posteriorly; 22 caudal lobes on each side slightly angled posteriorly; and tail terminates in a short, narrow flap (10.0 mm) bearing smooth edges. Dark phase coloration in life (Fig. 12). Dorsal ground color of head, body, and tail brown; top of head darkly speckled; darker, inverted Y-shaped marking overlying nape and occiput; labial scales lighter than body, delimited by thin, dark lines at their junctures; infra-auricular flap same color as labials; irregularly shaped, white, vertebral markings between and just posterior to the forelimb insertions and in the sacral region; four faint, thin, deeply sinuous dorsal bands between limb insertion transitioning into approximately five wide, faint, caudal bands; terminal caudal band on caudal flap dull-white; subcaudal region mottled, weakly banded; iris bronze; gular region, throat, ventral surfaces of limbs, pectoral region, and belly dull-white with stippled scales. In preservation, the coloration is uniformly dull-grey on all dorsal surfaces with only faint patterning visible. Variation (Fig. 12). Variation in coloration and pattern is highly variable due to this species’ having dark and light color phases and its ability to substrate match. Color pattern variation in the paratypes described here is based on preserved and living material. The paratypes closely approximate the holotype in all aspects coloration and pattern. Caudal banding is present in all specimens in varying degrees of distinctness. FMNH 261852 – 53 have a series of large, irregularly shaped, white, vertebral markings extending from the nape to the postsacral region whereas no other specimens (N = 17) have these markings. FMNH 261852 and 261854 have partially regenerated tails bearing a single flap with no lobes. FMNH 177359, 181844, and 261851 are males bearing 23, 22, and 21 pore-bearing precloacal scales. Variation in meristic characters is presented in Table 8. Comparisons (Tables 4, 5; Figs. 3, 5, 6). Differences between Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov., P. kabkaebin sp. nov., and P. cicakterbang sp. nov. are listed above in the comparisons sections of those species. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. differs from P. intermedium, P. kuhli, and P. trinotaterra in lacking, as opposed to having, caudal tubercles. From P. intermedium, P. nicobarense, P. rhacophorus, P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense it differs in having four body bands as opposed to 0 – 3. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. differs from P. bannaense, P. horsfieldii, P. intermedium, P. kuhli, P. nicobarense, P. rhacophorus, P. trinotaterra, and P. kaengkrachanense in having an emargination between the pre-antebrachial flap and digit I as opposed to no emargination. From P. popaense it differs by having a maximum SVL of 97.5 mm versus 86.2 mm. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. is well-separated from P. cicakterbang sp. nov. and P. lionotum in the PCA and from all species in the DAPC where their 95 % confidence ellipses do not overlap. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. occupies a significantly different position along PC 1 from that of P. cicakterbang sp. nov. and along PC 2, it occupies a significantly different positon from those of P. kabkaebin sp. nov. and P. lionotum. From all other species of the P. lionotum group it is further separated by an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of 4.1 – 15.5 %. Combinations of other characters differentiating P. kabkaebin sp. nov. from other more distantly related species are presented in Table 5.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 1). Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. has a circum-Gulf of Thailand distribution extending from Cat Tien, Dong Nai Province and Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang Province in southern Vietnam (Nguyen et al. 2009), across the mountainous Cardamom region of southern Cambodia and eastern Thailand, around the Chao Phraya Basin and southward down the Thai-Malay Peninsula of Thailand and Myanmar to at least Hat Yai, Songkla Province, Thailand. Nguyen et al. (2009) report P. tokehos sp. nov. from Trang Bom, Dong Nai Province, in southern Vietnam based on an illustration in Bourret (2009; Fig. 39.) The specimen illustrated however, has three body bands instead of four indicating it may be P. trinotaterra. We have examined photographs of specimens from southern Thailand near the Thai-Malay border from Hat Yai, Songkla (LUSDPC 10946) and Muang Trat, Trat (LSUDPC 10947) that we consider P. tokehos sp. nov. and not P. cicakterbang sp. nov. as they have a weak supra-auricular ridge as opposed to a prominent supra-auricular lobe. Confirmation awaits the examination of these specimens (Grismer et al. in prep).	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
0384597AFFAEFF92FF5EBFB820AAFD2C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet tokehos is the Khmer (Cambodian) word used for Ptychozoon. Natural history. Ptychozoon tokehos sp. nov. is a forest-dwelling species found in hilly areas from sea level to at least 700 m in elevation. This species does quite well in disturbed forests and is commonly found on man-made structures. The holotype and paratypes from Kirirom National Park (FMNH 261851 – 54) were all found during the day (1400 – 1630 h) on or near the exterior walls of a building on a grassy plateau within open pine forest. FMNH 261851 was found on the branch of a large tree abutting an exterior wall, FMNH 261852 was found beneath a layer of paint peeling off the exterior wall of the building approximately 2.5 m above the ground, and FMNH 261853 – 54 were found on the exterior walls. Pauwells et al. (2000) noted that MNHN 1998.590 and 1999.7661 from Phang- Nga were collected from walls inside a forestry department office building where other juveniles and adults were seen. They also observed other specimens inside houses and on the outside of cages in a zoo. MNHN 1999.7661 was carrying two eggs. Additionally they found a pair of the eggs 1.6 m above the ground glued to a tree in evergreen forest of which one contained a fully formed embryo. These observations indicate that the reproductive season of P. tokehos sp. nov. in southern Thailand occurs during mid-February. All paratypes from Bokor National Park (CBC 03162, NCSM 98986 – 87; Fig. 13) were found at night approximately 1.3 m above the ground on the trunks of trees along a trail in disturbed evergreen forest between 315 m and 328 m in elevation. The paratype FMNH 18144 and additional specimens from Sakaerat (FMNH 181823 – 24, 181828 – 29) were collected from an undisturbed lowland forest at approximately 16 m in elevation. The Tanintharyi specimen (USNM 587523) was collected from the trunk of a tree along a logging road in secondary forest at 58 m in elevation. The paratype and additional specimens (FMNH 177358 – 59, 177550) from Khao Chong, Thailand were all collected from primary forest at approximately 130 m in elevation. A hatchling (FMNH 177360) from Khao Chong was collected during June.	en	Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thy, Neang, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Sivongxay, Niane, Seateun, Sengvilay, Stuart, Bryan L., Siler, Cameron B., Mulcahy, Daniel G., Anamza, Tashitso, Brown, Rafe M. (2019): Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638 (2): 151-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1
