taxonID	type	description	language	source
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 A – E; 2 A – C)	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: holotype, male (IAECAS): “ CHINA: Shanxi / Xinzhou City / Luya Mountains | 111.885272 ° E 38.729431 ° N / 2401 m, VIII. 13. 2021 / Leg. Peng. ” Paratypes: 13 males, 3 females (IAECAS), the same data as holotype; 4 males, 4 females (SIH): “ CHINA: Shanxi / Xinzhou City / Luya Mountains | 111.875278 ° E 38.693611 ° N, 1920 m / VIII. 14. 2021 / Leg. Peng ”.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The new species should be included in the Heterlimnius trachys species group which has the following characteristics: 1. Anterior margin of pronotum is strongly produced anteriad. 2. Sublateral carinae developed in basal half. 3. Pronotum with a median longitudinal sulcus extending from basal 0.3 to 0.8. This species is similar to H. quadrigibbus Kamite, 2012 in habitus, but it can be distinguished from the latter by its median longitudinal sulcus shorter which extends from basal 0.3 to 0.8, sublateral carinae more developed which extend from base to 0.5, pronotum with a pair of prescutellar pits, while in H. quadrigibbus, median sulcus of pronotum extends from basal 1 / 3 to apex, sublateral carinae extend from base to basal 0.3, pronotum without prescutellar pits.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	description	Description. BL 3.1 mm, EW 1.4 mm (holotype). Habitus see figs. 1 A – B. Dorsal surface black, but ventral surface, femora, tibiae brown to dark brown. Antennae, tarsi and claws yellowish brown. Head mostly retracted into the prothorax. Labrum micro-reticulate in basal 1 / 3, smooth and shiny in distal 2 / 3, anterior margin is truncate, with long setae laterally. Clypeal suture straight, indistinct. Frons coarse, densely pubescent. Antennae 11 antennomeres, the first two antennomeres inflated, the 3 rd to 8 th antennomeres small, and the last three antennomeres elongated and inflated. Pronotum see fig. 1 C. PL 0.85 mm, PW 1.0 mm. Pronotum subparallel in basal 0.4, then distinctly attenuated anteriorly, slightly convex, with a deep and wide sulcus extending from basal 0.3 to 0.8. Sublateral carinae present in basal 0.5. Disc densely punctate and pubescent, lateral area coarse and weakly granulate. Base with a pair of elongated prescutellar pits. Anterior margin strongly produced anteriad. Elytra see fig. 1 E. Elytra elongate oval, moderately convex. Intervals slightly rugose and convex. Striae deep, strial punctures small and deeply punctate. Basal part of the third interval wider than the fourth. Intervals densely pubescent. Prosternal process (fig. 1 D) distinctly narrowed from base to apex; apex rounded; surface coarse, densely granulate and pubescent; lateral margins distinctly elevated. Disc of metaventrite slightly impressed, rugose, densely pubescent. All of the five ventrites densely pubescent with metallic luster. Apex of ventrite V evenly rounded with some spinate setae. Aedeagus (figs. 2 A – C). 0.6 mm long. Penis long and slim, overreaching the parameres, not abruptly dilated at basal third, the apex narrowly rounded; apical part curved ventrad in lateral view. Parameres broad in basal third, then distinctly narrowed in distal 2 / 3, the apices narrowly rounded; paramere about 0.8 times as long as penis. Males: BL 2.9 – 3.1 mm, EW 1.4 – 1.5 mm (n = 13). Females: BL 3.0 – 3.1 mm, EW 1.50 – 1.55 mm (n = 3). Similar to the male.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China: Shanxi.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD22FFE1FF54FE847041F8E4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is name after Luyashan which is the type locality of the new species in Shanxi Province.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	description	(Figs. 3 A – D; 4 A – C)	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: holotype, male (IAECAS): “ CHINA: Shanxi / Xinzhou City / Luya Mountains | 112.178611 ° E 38.735556 ° N / ca. 1550 m, VIII. 14. 2021 / Leg. Peng. ” Paratypes: 1 female (IAECAS), the same data as holotype. 1 male, 1 female (IAECAS): “ CHINA: Shanxi / Xinzhou City / Luya Mountains | 111.875278 ° E 38.693611 ° N, 1920 m / VIII. 13. 2021 / Leg. Peng ”; 5 males, 3 females (SIH): same label data as last one, but VI. 15. 2020; 3 males, 2 females (IAECAS): “ CHINA: Shanxi / Xinzhou City / Luya Mountains | 111.885272 ° E 38.729431 ° N / VIII. 13.2021 / Leg. Peng ”.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In the genus Zaitzevia, the new species has the similar size with the five known species: Zaitzevia chenzhitengi Jiang & Wang, 2020, Z. muchenae Bian & Zhang, 2022, Z. rufa Nomura & Baba, 1961, Z. xiongzichuni Jiang & Wang, 2020 and Z. sichuanensis Jiang & Chen, 2023; it is distinctly smaller than Z. fengtongzhaiensis Jiang & Chen, 2023 and larger than other species in Zaitzevia. This species can be easily distinguished from Z. chengzhitengi by its median longitudinal sulcus wide, apex of penis sub-triangular, not like an arrow as in Z. chenzhitengi; from Z. muchenae by distal third of elytra distinctly attenuated, not gradually attenuated as in Z. muchenae and also by distal 0.4 of penis distinctly narrowed, not distal 0.1 of penis distinctly narrowed as in Z. muchenae; from Z. rufa by its body colour dark brown, median longitudinal sulcus of pronotum wide and distinctly impressed, distal 0.4 of penis distinctly narrowed, but in Z. rufa, body colour reddish brown, middle sulcus shallowly impressed, and distal 0.4 of penis gradually narrowed; from Z. xiongzichuni by its median longitudinal sulcus of pronotum broad in middle, apices of elytra distinctly separated rounded, apex of penis sub-triangular, but in Z. xiongzhichuni, median longitudinal sulcus narrow, not broad in middle, apices of elytra almost connected, and apex of penis is cuspidal; from Z. sichuanensis by basal 1 / 3 disc of pronotum and elytral intervals coarse, distal 0.4 of penis distinctly narrowed, while in Z. sichuanensis, surface of pronotum and elytral intervals smooth and shiny, subapical part of penis distinctly inflated and apex of penis arrowhead-like.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	description	Description. BL 3.0 mm, EW 1.2 mm (holotype). Habitus see fig. 3 A – B. Head and pronotum black, elytra, femora, tibiae and ventral surface brown. Tarsi light brown. Antennae yellowish brown. Labrum wider than long; surface smooth and shiny, densely pubescent; lateral margin with long yellowish fringe. Clypeus and frons densely granulate and pubescent. Pronotum (fig. 3 C) broadest at basal 0.4, distinctly attenuated anteriorly and slightly attenuated posteriorly. PL 0.8 mm, PW 0.9 mm. Disc of basal third coarse, and base with some granules medially. Disc of distal 2 / 3 smooth and shiny, punctures moderately dense. Lateral areas coarse, densely granulate. Median longitudinal sulcus is present from basal 0.2 to 0.7, or even shorter, broadest at middle, then gradually narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly. Sublateral carinae present in basal 0.4, subparallel in 0.3, then bend outwards. Anterior angles sharp, slightly produced, and posterior angles almost right-angled. Anterior half of lateral margin serrate. Elytra broadest at basal 2 / 3, slightly attenuated anteriorly and distinctly attenuated posteriorly. Strial punctures small and deeply impressed. Intervals slightly convex, rugose. Intervals 1, 3, 5 with a row of longitudinal pubescence. Intervals 5, 7, 8 carinate. Prosternal process (fig. 3 D) elongated and slim, gradually narrowed from base to apex; lateral margin distinctly rimmed; apex broadly rounded; surface coarsely granulated. Disc of metaventrite (fig. 3 D) broadly impressed, smooth and shiny, with some sparse punctures; median groove present in posterior 0.8; lateral area densely pubescent and sparsely granulate. Disc of ventrite I coarse, sparsely granulate, and disc of ventrite II densely punctate and sparsely granulate. Disc of ventrites III to IV, and basal 1 / 3 of ventrite V sparsely punctate and granulate. Lateral areas of ventrites I to IV densely pubescent and sparsely granulate. Distal 2 / 3 of ventrite V densely granulate and sparsely pubescent. Aedeagus (figs. 4 A – C). 1.4 mm long. Penis about 2.4 times as long as phallobase, subparallel in basal 0.6, distinctly narrowed in distal 0.4, with a pair of developed teeth at distal 0.25. Endophallus simple. Parameres completely fused to penis; apices of parameres reach basal 0.6 of penis. Males: BL 2.9 – 3.2 mm, EW 1.2 – 1.3 mm (n = 13). Apices of elytra separately rounded. Females: BL 3.0 – 3.2 mm, EW 1.2 – 1.3 mm (n = 4). Apices of elytra separately sharpened.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China: Shanxi.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
038287B7FD20FFE5FF54FD2871BBFDC7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet is derived from the Latin adjective “ triangularis ” = triangular, refers to the apex’s shape of penis.	en	Peng, Yun-Fei, Bian, Dong-Ju, Wang, Ju-Ping (2024): Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Zootaxa 5403 (4): 488-494, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.4.7
