identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03820973FFBBFFF7D9F0839FFA0F8F17.text	03820973FFBBFFF7D9F0839FFA0F8F17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apelaunothrips Zhao & Jia & Tong 2018	<div><p>Key to Apelaunothrips species from China (female)</p><p>[* indicates included here based on published information]</p><p>1. Antennal segments III and IV each with 2 sense cones........................................................ 2</p><p>-. Antennal segment III with 2–3 sense cones, IV with 3–4 (5).................................................... 3</p><p>2. Interocellar setae acute; eyes approximately 1/4 of head length; metanotum with 12–14 setae (Fig. 12)............... lieni</p><p>-. Interocellar setae weakly capitate; eyes approximately 1/3 of head length; metanotum with 2–6 setae (Fig. 11)....... indicus</p><p>3. Antennal segment III with 2 sense cones, IV with 3........................................................... 4</p><p>-. Antennal segment III with 3 sense cones, IV with 3–4 or (2+2+1)................................................ 5</p><p>4. Body brown except antennal segments III–IV, pterothorax, legs and abdominal segments V–VI yellow to yellowish brown; pelta trapezoidal............................................................................. hainanensis</p><p>-. Body largely yellow except antennal segments I–II, head and abdominal segments VII–IX (sometimes II) and tube brown; pelta hat-shaped....................................................................... medioflavus [in part]</p><p>5. Antennal segments III and IV each with 3 sense cones........................................................ 6</p><p>-. Antennal segment III with 3 sense cones, IV with 4 or (2+2+1).................................................. 7</p><p>6. Head 1.2 times as long as width; pelta trapezoidal or subtriangular; abdominal segments III–VI each with a small brown marking anteriorly.................................................................................... luridus</p><p>-. Head 1.5 times as long as width; pelta hat-shaped; abdominal segments III–VI yellow without any brown marking............................................................................................. medioflavus [in part]</p><p>7. Body bicoloured yellow and brown....................................................................... 8</p><p>-. Body uniformly brown................................................................................. 9</p><p>8. Head brown, antennal segment IV with 4 sense cones; pelta without paired campaniform sensilla; abdominal segment IX yellow; fore tarsal tooth absent........................................................................ bicolor</p><p>-. Head yellow, antennal segment IV with (2+2+1) sense cones; pelta with paired campaniform sensilla; abdominal segment IX brown; fore tarsal tooth present.................................................................... longidens</p><p>9. Antennal segment VIII not constricted at base.............................................................. 10</p><p>-. Antennal segment VIII constricted to short basal neck........................................................ 11</p><p>10. Dorsal surface of head entirely with reticulation or striation; pronotal anteromarginal setae usually well developed and</p><p>expanded at apex............................................................................... consimilis -. Dorsal surface of head smooth medially; pronotal anteromarginal setae usually reduced to small and acute setae.. nigripennis</p><p>11. Fore tarsus with no tooth............................................................................... 12</p><p>-. Fore tarsus with a small tooth (Fig. 2); all tibiae and tarsi yellow; pelta long hat-shaped (Fig. 4)............ dentiellus sp. n.</p><p>12. All tibiae and tarsi yellow; forewing without any speckles............................................. montanus *</p><p>-. All tibiae and tarsi brown; forewing with some small speckles apical third (Fig. 14)....................... maculipennis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03820973FFBBFFF7D9F0839FFA0F8F17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Chao;Jia, Huimin;Tong, Xiaoli	Zhao, Chao, Jia, Huimin, Tong, Xiaoli (2018): Two new records and one new species of the genus Apelaunothrips from China (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa 4450 (3): 385-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.3.5
03820973FFB8FFF6D9F086B5FCB889EE.text	03820973FFB8FFF6D9F086B5FCB889EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apelaunothrips dentiellus Zhao & Jia & Tong 2018	<div><p>Apelaunothrips dentiellus sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 1–4, 13, 15, 18, 19)</p><p>Female macroptera: Body largely brown with red internal pigment; all femora brown, but tibiae and tarsi yellow (Figs 18, 19); antennal segments I–II as brown as head, III mainly yellow, IV–V light brown with basal 1/3 yellow, VI light brown with extreme base yellow, VII–VIII light brown (Fig. 15); fore wing shaded light brown medially (Fig. 13).</p><p>Head approximately 1.1 times as long as wide, cheeks straight with prominent pair of setae; dorsal surface with transverse sculpture behind eyes, vertex with no sculpture between eyes (Fig. 1). Eyes approximately 2/5 of head length; ocelli well developed; postocellar setae slightly longer than an ocellus; postocular setae with capitate apex, subequal to eyes in length. Antennal segments III and IV with 3 and 4 sense cones respectively, VIII constricted to basal neck. Maxillary stylets retracted anterior to postocular setae, close together medially on posterior third of head.</p><p>Pronotum dorsal surface almost smooth with weakly sculptured posteriorly; notopleural sutures complete; 5 pairs of major setae well developed and capitate. Mesonotum with lateral setae well developed and capitate, and three pairs of short setae arising anterior to posterior margin. Metanotum with polygonal reticulation, median setae long and pointed, rather wide apart from each other (Fig. 3). Fore wing with 8–10 duplicated cilia; sub-basal S1 and S2 setae capitate, S3 longest and blunt at apex. Fore tarsus with a small tooth (Fig. 2).</p><p>Pelta hat-shaped with irregular reticulation medially, a pair of campaniform sensilla present (Fig. 4); abdominal tergites II–VII each with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae, posterior pair of wing-retaining setae on tergite II with apex uncinate; tergite IX setae S1 slightly longer than S2, but all shorter than tube, both blunt apically; intermediate setae (iS) pointed, approximately 0.6 times as long as S1; tube length approximately 2.3 times basal width, 0.7 times as long as head; anal setae slightly shorter than tube.</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in microns). Distended body length 2420. Head length 255, width 230; eyes length 95; postocular setae length 90; diameter of anterior (posterior) ocelli 23; postocellar setae length 19. Antennae length 530, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 45 (42); 56 (32); 90 (33); 85 (32); 80 (29); 69 (25); 59 (20); 45 (12). Pronotum median length 125, width across median part 290; length of major setae: am 50, aa 55, ml 65, pa 70, epim 90. Mesonotum lateral setae 40. Fore wing length 950, subbasal setae S1–S3 length: 60, 65, 80. Metanotum median setae 65. Abdominal tergite IX S1 length 132, iS length 84, S2 length 112. Tube length 185, width at base 85, at apex 50; anal setae length 180.</p><p>Male macroptera. Very similar to female, but smaller and more slender. Fore tarsus with a small tooth; tergite IX setae S2 approximately 1/3 length of S1, iS approximately 0.7 times as long as S1.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in microns). Distended body length 1780.Head length 225, width 205; eyes length 85; postocular setae length 83; diameter of anterior (posterior) ocelli 16; postocellar setae length 15. Antennae length 495, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 35 (42); 47 (30); 77 (29); 81 (26); 82 (24); 74 (20); 54 (19); 44 (11). Pronotum median length 110, width across median part 256; length of major setae: am 41, aa 53, ml 64, pa 66, epim 69. Mesonotum lateral setae 24. Fore wing length 780, subbasal setae S1–S3 length: 47, 53, 59. Metanotum median setae 42. Abdominal tergite IX S1length 118, iS length 86, S2 length 32. Tube length 155, width at base 80, at apex 40; anal setae length 170.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female, CHINA, Yunnan: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.566666/lat 22.5)">Pu’er City</a>, Lancang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.566666/lat 22.5)">Nuozhadu Nature Reseve</a> (22°30'N, 100°34'E, alt. 1840m), from leaf litter of Tectona grandis, 5.xi.2016, Chao Zhao.</p><p>Paratypes. 1 female, collected with holotype . CHINA, Yunnan: 2 females and 1 male, Xishuangbanna, Menglun, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.916666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.26667/lat 21.916666)">Tropical Botanical Garden</a> (21°55'N, 101°16'E), from leaf litter, 8.iv.1987, Xiaoli Tong ; 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.35/lat 22.5)">Pu’er City</a>, Lancang County (22°30'N, 100°21'E, alt. 1070m), from leaf litter, 28.x.2016, Chao Zhao.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet, dentiellus, is from the Latin adjective, meaning “small tooth”, in reference to the fore tarsus with a small tooth in both sexes.</p><p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p><p>Comments. This new species appears to be closely related to Apelaunothrips maculipennis in coloration and structure. However, it differs from the latter mainly by the following characteristics: (1) fore wing without small speckles on apical third (Fig. 13), while maculipennis has some small speckles on fore wing (Fig. 14); (2) all tibiae and tarsi yellow (Figs 18, 19), while those in maculipennis are brown (Figs 22, 23); (3) fore tarsus armed with a small tooth in both sexes (Fig. 2), while the fore tarsus has no tooth in maculipennis (Fig. 9); (4) pelta hat-shaped (Fig. 4), but it is eroded laterally in maculipennis (Fig. 10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03820973FFB8FFF6D9F086B5FCB889EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Chao;Jia, Huimin;Tong, Xiaoli	Zhao, Chao, Jia, Huimin, Tong, Xiaoli (2018): Two new records and one new species of the genus Apelaunothrips from China (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa 4450 (3): 385-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.3.5
03820973FFBFFFF0D9F087ADFC6A8D0A.text	03820973FFBFFFF0D9F087ADFC6A8D0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apelaunothrips indicus (Ananthakrishnan 1968)	<div><p>Apelaunothrips indicus (Ananthakrishnan, 1968)</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 11, 16, 20, 21)</p><p>Philothrips indicus Ananthakrishnan, 1968: 125 .</p><p>Apelaunothrips indicus (Ananthakrishnan): Mound, 1974: 17.</p><p>Material examined. CHINA, Guangdong: 1 female and 2 males, Guangzhou City, Arboretum of South China Agricultural University (23°09'N, 113°21'E), from leaf litter, 18.vii.2004, Jun Wang; 1 female and 4 males, the same locality, 13.viii.2004, Jun Wang; 1 male, the same locality, 1.vii.2014, Chao Zhao.</p><p>Distribution: India, China (Guangdong).</p><p>Comments. Described in the genus Philothrips from southern India (Ananthakrishnan 1968), this species was transferred to Apelaunothrips by Mound (1974). The 9 specimens (including 7 males) listed above are here identified from the original description (Ananthakrishnan 1968). This species is very similar to A. lieni Okajima from Taiwan (Okajima 1979) in sharing the coloration and the antennal segments III and IV each having 2 sense cones (Figs 6, 16). However, the numbers of setae on the metanotum could be easily separated from each other (Figs 11–12). It is worth mentioning here, there are 12–14 setae (Fig. 12) on the metanotum of A. lieni after examining Taiwanese specimens of lieni (female and male) provided by Okajima, therefore, at couplet 15 of the key to the world species of Apelaunothrips by Okajima (1979), the word “mesonotum” of lieni and indicus is obviously a misspelling of “metanotum” (see also Okajima 1979 on page 50).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03820973FFBFFFF0D9F087ADFC6A8D0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Chao;Jia, Huimin;Tong, Xiaoli	Zhao, Chao, Jia, Huimin, Tong, Xiaoli (2018): Two new records and one new species of the genus Apelaunothrips from China (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa 4450 (3): 385-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.3.5
03820973FFBFFFF3D9F0804AFEF98FC7.text	03820973FFBFFFF3D9F0804AFEF98FC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apelaunothrips maculipennis (Okajima 1976) : Okajima 1979	<div><p>Apelaunothrips maculipennis (Okajima, 1976)</p><p>(Figs 7–10, 14, 17, 22, 23)</p><p>Stigmothrips maculipennis Okajima, 1976, 125.</p><p>Apelaunothrips maculipennis (Okajima): Okajima, 1979: 53.</p><p>Material examined. CHINA, Hainan: 2 females and 2 males, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.666664/lat 18.9)">Wuzhishan National Nature Reserve</a> (18°54'N, 109°40'E), from leaf litter, 7.xii.2008, Jun Wang ; 11 females and 11males, Baisha County, Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.55/lat 19.033333)">Yinggezui Protection Station</a> (19°02'N, 109°33'E), from leaf litter, 29.iv.2011, Tao Song.</p><p>Distribution: Japan, China (Hainan).</p><p>Comments. Originally described from Ryukyu Islands, Japan, the specimens listed above from Hainan Island, China are here identified from original description (Okajima 1976, 1979). This species appears to be most similar in appearance to A. dentiellus sp. n., but they can be readily distinguished from each other by the above comments of the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03820973FFBFFFF3D9F0804AFEF98FC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Chao;Jia, Huimin;Tong, Xiaoli	Zhao, Chao, Jia, Huimin, Tong, Xiaoli (2018): Two new records and one new species of the genus Apelaunothrips from China (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa 4450 (3): 385-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.3.5
