identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03808015FF87FF90FF451782FCEFE976.text	03808015FF87FF90FF451782FCEFE976.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Studying Entoloma from Mexico: problems and limitations</p> <p>Our study of the Entoloma species of Jalisco State is essentially a pioneering one. Not much is known of the occurrence, ecology, and distribution of members of the genus Entoloma in Jalisco state. This applies not only for Jalisco, but for the whole of Mexico generally. Information on Entoloma and its Mexican representatives is mostly confined to local inventories, usually without much information on the morphology or ecology. Thus, for our study of the genus Entoloma in Jalisco State we had to rely on extralimital literature in an attempt to sort out our material. Since many species of Entoloma have been found in Jalisco in the extensive Quercus-Pinus forests on higher elevations, and to a minor degree in deciduous and (sub-) tropical forest, we expected to find similarities with the Entoloma species of the Southern and South-western parts of the United States, and to a lesser extent, with that of tropical Central- and South America. Despite that, it appeared often very hard to find matching descriptions.</p> <p>For various reasons, we also had to decide that our study should be restricted to the traditional morphological concept. Molecular studies, albeit very much in vogue nowadays, are expensive, and, in the case of older herbarium collections, also prone to a low success rate. An additional and more relevant problem with molecular studies is the lack of reference material for the genus Entoloma. ITS sequence databanks, such as GenBank, contain only a very small part of the vast number of existing Entoloma species, and in too many cases, the identification of these accessions is questionable. Barcodes of types are scarce, in particular those of the species described by North American authors, such as Hesler and Peck. So even if we had barcodes of our taxa, then it would still have been very hard to match them with any of the known species. For these reasons, we have retained the morphological species concept, which has strong roots and proven itself in mycological taxonomic tradition. A final issue, which is quite important, lies in the fact that collections from one to another location almost always show some degree in variability of their morphological characters. Thus, it will always contain a certain amount of subjectivity to decide whether a particular collection can be identified as a known species, or represents something that has not been described in literature.</p> <p>During our studies of the Entoloma material of Jalisco, we have been confronted in several cases with the fact that few collections matched to a great extent with a North American species that was only known from the type locality. Usually, and naturally, there was always some variation that had to be considered, which is mentioned in the notes following the descriptions. Our description, being solely based on observation on the Mexican material, therefore may serve as a good starting point for describing infraspecific variability, or eventually be the base of the description of the new taxon, in case additional specimens allow a better interpretation of that variability. One could have opted in those cases for a “cf.” identification, stressing the similarity with a known taxon, but acknowledging the doubt whether this also means that the collection is conspecific with that known taxon. Or, the other way round, we could have chosen to describe all collections as new taxa. Both approaches have been followed here.</p> <p>Our main goal is to describe the Entoloma species of Jalisco State and publish an account, with identification tools, to raise interest for this biologically interesting group in Mexico, and to stimulate further studies. Specifically, this work described, based on morphological characters, some species of Entoloma of two volcanos in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, the Nevado de Colima and the Tequila volcano.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF87FF90FF451782FCEFE976	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF85FF93FF451283FDA6E83C.text	03808015FF85FF93FF451283FDA6E83C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Entoloma subgenus Rhodopolia Kokkonen</p> <p>This subgenus contains a fairly large group of taxa, which are often hard to distinguish morphologically. Important diagnostic characters are found in the pileipellis, where structure and pigmentation are used to delimitate species (Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004). There are many species described in the literature on morphological grounds, and furthermore, the results of some molecular studies indicate that potentially there are many genetic entities, which do not per se coincide with the morphospecies (Kokkonen 2015).</p> <p>Most likely all Rhodopolia are mycorrhizal, as opposed to the rest of the genus Entoloma. Host preference and host range may well be of great importance for species delimitation. Members of Rhodopolia occur in a wide range of habitats and climate zones. It is particularly dominant in many forest types, from Mediterranean to arctic and alpine habitats (Noordeloos 2004). In Jalisco, we found the Quercus-Pinus forest remarkably rich in Rhodopolia species; six of them are presented in this paper.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF85FF93FF451283FDA6E83C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF85FF92FF4514ADFB32EAF0.text	03808015FF85FF92FF4514ADFB32EAF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma dulciodorans Montanez, Noordeloos & Guzman-Davalos 2016	<div><p>1. Entoloma dulciodorans Montanez, Noordeloos &amp; Guzmán-Dávalos, sp. nov., FIGURE 1.</p> <p>Mycobank No. 817352</p> <p>Etymology:—dulcis = sweet; odorans = smelling, referring to the sweet smell of the basidiomata.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Basidiomata robust, pileus up to 115 mm diam., and stipe up to 90 × 13 mm; pileus hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin, fibrillose, pale greyish brown; stipe whitish; smell sweet. Pileipellis an ixocutis, hyphae with yellowish plasmatic pigment.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 35–115 mm broad, convex to plano-convex, subumbonate, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin, elsewhere dull, fibrillose, smooth, pale greyish brown, sometimes with yellow tinges. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, subdistant, broad to ventricose, pink, edge entire to eroded, concolourous. Stipe 70–90 × 9–13 mm, central to slightly eccentric, cylindrical, tapering towards the base, fibrillose, longitudinally striate, whitish, some with grey fibrils. Context fleshy, white to whitish. Odour sweet like candy. Taste none to farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–8.8 (–9.6) × 6.4–8.0 (–8.8) μm, Lm = 8.2, Wm = 7.4, Q = 1.0–1.3, isodiametrical to subisodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–6 (–7) angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 32–50 × 8–12 μm, 4- spored, cylindro-clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis an ixocutis, terminal elements 24–30 × 4–8 μm, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with yellowish plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on soil, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 14–15 road to microwave transmission tower, 14 September 1986, O. Rodríguez 322 (IBUG!), 324 (Holotype, IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—This species belongs to Entoloma subgen. Rhodopolia sect. Rhodopolia, particularly on account of the rather robust basidiomata, abundant clamp-connections, simple cutis-like pileipellis, and yellowish plasmatic pigment. It keys out close to E. griseoavellaneum Largent (1994), mainly because of the fragrant smell and the not entirely smooth pileus with a fibrillose covering in the central part. However, our specimens do not have the characteristic greyish avellaneous lamellae. Also the ecology is different, as E. griseoavellaneum is associated with red alder. Largent (1994) described this species on a single specimen, thus not much is known about the variability of the species and its distribution. For this reason, we present the Mexican collection as a new species. Entoloma rhodopolium (Fr.) P. Kumm., is distinguished by the glabrous pileus with translucent-striate margin up to half the radius, and the farinaceous or absent odour (Hesler 1967, Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF85FF92FF4514ADFB32EAF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF83FF94FF45118FFE70EFBA.text	03808015FF83FF94FF45118FFE70EFBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma griseorhodopolium Montanez, Noordeloos & Guzman-Davalos 2016	<div><p>2. Entoloma griseorhodopolium Montanez, Noordeloos &amp; Guzmán-Dávalos, sp. nov., FIGURE 2.</p> <p>Mycobank No. 817353</p> <p>Etymology:—griseus = grey, referring to the grey pileus of this species, which otherwise is similar to E. rhodopolium.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Pileus up to 70 mm diam. and stipe up to 70 × 8 mm; pileus hygrophanous, dark greyish brown or dark grey; stipe whitish, some with brownish or greyish fibrils at the apex; odour imperceptible to farinaceous. Pileipellis an ixocutis, hyphae with yellowish brown both plasmatic and vacuolar pigment.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 13–70 mm broad, convex-campanulate, convex, plano-convex to plane, some umbonate or subumbonate, hygrophanous, dull or translucent-striate at the margin, glabrous to slightly fibrillose, smooth, dark greyish brown to dark grey. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, some with decurrent tooth, subdistant, ventricose, whitish then pink, edge entire, crenate, or eroded, concolourous. Stipe 19–70 × 2–8 mm, central, cylindrical, equal or broadening towards the base, fibrillose, occasionally with pruinose apex, longitudinally striate, whitish, some with pale brown, grey, or whitish fibrils at the apex. Context fleshy, white to whitish. Odour none to farinaceous. Taste farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–10.4 × 6.4–8.8 μm, Lm = 8.8, Wm = 7.6, Q = 1.0–1.3, isodiametrical to subisodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–7 angled, colourless. Basidia 26–48 × 8–13 μm, 4-spored, clavate to cylindro-clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis an ixocutis, terminal elements 24–28 × 8–12 μm, clavate to cylindro-clavate and difficult to distinguish, without a differentiated subpellis, with scarce to abundant yellowish brown plasmatic and vacuolar pigment. Caulocystidia 18–65 × 5–12 μm, cylindro-clavate to slightly lageniform, colourless or yellowish, scarce to abundant at the stipe apex, sometimes absent. Clamp-connections present, abundant on the hymenophoral trama.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary or gregarious, on soil, in Pinus - Quercus forest and cloud forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, 14 October 1990, L. Guzmán-Dávalos 5239 (Holotype, IBUG!). Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, slopes of Nevado de Colima, El Floripondio, 10 August 1991, O. Vargas 528 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Both collections are characterized by a grey to greyish brown pileus and white, pale brown, or pale grey stipe, and fit well in Entoloma subgen. Rhodopolia sect. Rhodopolia, also on account of the microscopic characters. In many ways, our collections are similar to E. griseum Peck (1904) and are in agreement with the type studies by Noordeloos (2008) and Kokkonen (2015). Largent (1994) did not record it. A modern description of Peck species can be found on the Internet (Kuo 2014). Interestingly, Kuo states that clamp-connections are absent, which is in contradiction with the type studies. Entoloma rhodopolium differs by the paler pileus that is translucent-striate at margin up to half the radius, and E. nigrobrunneum Hesler (1967) is much darker and has a well-differentiated subpellis (Noordeloos 1988). None of the species described in Noordeloos (2004) match our material. Considering the rather confusing situation in the Rhodopolia (see also Kokkonen 2015), it seems best to describe the Mexican specimens as a new species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF83FF94FF45118FFE70EFBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF82FF97FF45122BFD4FE832.text	03808015FF82FF97FF45122BFD4FE832.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma carolinianum Hesler 1967	<div><p>3. Entoloma cf. carolinianum Hesler (1967: 79), FIGURE 3.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 20–80 mm broad, convex, convex-campanulate to plano-convex, umbonate or subumbonate, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin, elsewhere dull, glabrous to slightly fibrillose, smooth, pale to dark greyish brown, paler towards margin. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, subdistant, broad, whitish then pink, edge entire to eroded, concolourous. Stipe 20–140 × 7–14 mm, central or slightly eccentric, cylindrical to compressed, broadening or tapering towards the base, fibrillose, sometimes pruinose at the apex, longitudinally striate, whitish to greyish with pale brown fibrils, and whitish fibrils at the base. Context fleshy, whitish. Odour none to farinaceous. Taste none to farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–11.2 × 6.4–8.8 (–9.6) μm, Lm = 9.2, Wm = 7.8, Q = 1.0–1.3, isodiametrical to subisodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–6 (–7) angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 28–56 × 8–17 μm, 4-spored, clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis to ixocutis, terminal elements 22–60 × 5–11 μm, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with abundant yellowish brown vacuolar and plasmatic pigment, and some yellowish encrusted pigment. Caulocystidia absent or resembling undifferentiated terminal elements 25–88 × 4–10 μm, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, colourless, scattered or in groups at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary, gregarious, or caespitose, on soil, in Pinus - Quercus forest and cloud forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 5–9 road to microwave transmission tower, 7 September 1986, M. Garza 216 (IBUG!); 21 September 1986, O. Rodríguez 398 (IBUG!). Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, El Floripondio, slopes of Nevado de Colima, km 1.5 road to microwave retransmission tower, 7 September 1996, O. Rodríguez 1590 (IBUG!); 27 June 1999, C. Motolina 16 (IBUG!); 2 October 2012, D. Montañez 222 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—This species keys out in Entoloma subgen. Rhodopolia sect. Rhodopolia (Largent 1974, Noordeloos 1992). It fits best with E. carolinianum Hesler, originally described from North Carolina (USA). It is characterized by the greyish brown pileus with silky-fibrillose surface and striate margin, whitish stipe, and pileipellis with both plasmatic and externally encrusted pigment (Hesler 1967, Noordeloos 1988). The Mexican material is somewhat more robust than the type collection (pileus 20–35 mm; stipe 25–45 × 3–5 mm). Entoloma carolinianum, which to our current knowledge is only known from the type locality, belongs to subgenus Rhodopolia, in which quite a few similar species have been described in the literature, both from Europe and North America. The species in this subgenus are delimited mainly on colour, type and distribution of pigment in the pileipellis, and basidiospore characteristics. When using the key to sect. Rhodopolia in Largent (1974) no compelling match was found. Entoloma atrogriseum Largent (1994) is dark, non-hygrophanous, and has smaller spores. Other similar species are E. pullum Hesler (1967), which differs because the majority of the basidiospores are isodiametrical; E. sericatum (Britzelm.) Sacc., which has a nitriclike odour; E. subradiatum (Kühner &amp; Romagn.) M.M. Moser (1978), which has pileipellis hyphae with plasmatic pigment only; and E. minus Peck in which the pileipellis hyphae have only encrusted pigment (Noordeloos 1988, 1992). A recent study by Kokkonen (2015) on Rhodopolioid fungi in Europe shows that there is a considerable genetic variability in this group. Her attempt to translate this into a morphological or phylogenetic species concept has not been very successful. Most likely this group evolved relatively recently, leading to complexes of cryptic species that differ in a few base pairs in the ITS region, and have not yet differentiated morphologically. For this reason, we assign provisionally the epithet carolinianum to our collection.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF82FF97FF45122BFD4FE832	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF81FF96FF4514A3FCEBEA8C.text	03808015FF81FF96FF4514A3FCEBEA8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma myrmecophilum (Romagn.) M. M. Moser 1978	<div><p>4. Entoloma myrmecophilum (Romagn.) M.M. Moser (1978: 197), FIGURE 4.</p> <p>≡ Rhodophyllus myrmecophilus Romagnesi (1974: 386)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 22–60 mm broad, plano-convex to plane, subumbonate, not hygrophanous, slightly lubricous, dull, centre rugulose, striate at the margin, fibrillose, dark greyish brown to blackish brown. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, subdistant, broad to ventricose, whitish then pink, edge entire to eroded, concolourous. Stipe 50–130 × 6–10 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, fibrillose, longitudinally striate, whitish with pale greyish brown fibrils, whitish fibrils at the base. Context fleshy, colour not recorded. Odour not recorded. Taste not recorded.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.0–10.4 × (6.8–) 7.2–8.8 (–9.6) μm, Lm = 9.2, Wm = 8.1, Q = 1.0–1.3, isodiametrical, some subisodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–7 angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 36–50 × 9–14 μm, 4-spored, clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis an ixocutis, terminal elements 30–64 × 3–14 μm, cylindro-clavate and difficult to distinguish, with abundant yellowish encrusted pigment and scarce reddish brown to yellowish brown plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary or gregarious, on soil, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 11 road to microwave transmission tower, 25 September 2010, V. Quezada 1 (IBUG!), 10 September 2011, F.D. Santos Barba 5 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Within Entoloma subgen. Rhodopolia, Largent (1994) unites the species with robust basidiomata and predominantly encrusted pigment in section Typodochroa Largent. Our collections key out as E. myrmecophilum, which is characterized by the subviscid, rugulose, fibrillose, and blackish brown pileus, fibrillose, white, then pale greyish brown stipe, and by the pileipellis with plasmatic and encrusted pigment. This species is widespread in Europe and North America (Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004) and is mainly associated with Quercus species. The Mexican collections thus form the southernmost distribution of this species. Entoloma brunnescipes Largent (1994) differs by having a glabrous pileus and pileipellis hyphae with encrusted pigment only; E. pseudovenosum Largent (1994) has a translucent-striate pileus, lamellae with veins, a cucumber-like odour, and pileipellis hyphae with encrusted pigment only; and E. platyphylloides (Romagn.) Largent (1974) is distinguished by having a rivulose pileus with aeriferous patches. Kokkonen (2015) placed E. myrmecophilum as a synonym under E. sericatum, but Noordeloos (1992) and Largent (1994) described E. sericatum with a translucent-striate, smooth, mainly glabrous, and greyish brown or dark yellowish brown pileus, which is different to E. myrmecophilum.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF81FF96FF4514A3FCEBEA8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8FFF98FF45118FFB43EF2A.text	03808015FF8FFF98FF45118FFB43EF2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma nigrobrunneum Hesler 1967	<div><p>5. Entoloma cf. nigrobrunneum Hesler (1967: 107), FIGURE 5.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 25–50 mm broad, convex to plano-convex, subumbonate, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin, elsewhere dull, glabrous, smooth, blackish brown or dark greyish brown, blackish at the centre. Lamellae adnate, subdistant, broad, pink, edge entire or eroded, concolourous. Stipe 50–70 × 6–8 mm, central, cylindrical, broadening towards the base, glabrous, smooth, whitish with pale greyish brown tinges. Context fleshy, white. Odour unpleasant. Taste not recorded.</p> <p>Basidiospores (8.0–) 8.8–10.4 × 7.2–8.8 μm, Lm = 9.4, Wm = 8, Q = 1.1–1.3, subisodiametrical, some isodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–6 (–7) angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 30–40 × 7–14 μm, 4-spored, clavate to broadly clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis, with cylindrical terminal elements 32–98 × 2–8 μm, containing abundant yellowish brown plasmatic pigment. Subpellis differentiated, very inflated hyphae 32–60 × 12–24 μm, colourless. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on soil, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, road to microwave transmission tower, 21 August 1990, O. Rodríguez 579 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—The collection described above represents another member of Rhodopolia from the mixed oak-pine forests in Jalisco. It is characterized by the very dark brown and glabrous pileus, pale brown stipe, the pileipellis with plasmatic pigment only, and the well-differentiated subpellis. As such, it identifies as being very close to the concept of Entoloma nigrobrunneum (Hesler 1967), except for the occurrence of some encrustations in the pileipellis (Noordeloos 1988, Kokkonen 2015). Hesler (1967) described this species as having a slightly depressed, non-umbonate pileus, a farinaceous odour and taste, and lacking clamp-connections. However, the type studies by Noordeloos (1988) and Kokkonen (2015) confirm the abundance of clamp-connections in all the tissues. Entoloma griseorhodopolium (see above) is similar, but has a more greyish colour and a non-differentiated subpellis. Entoloma subradiatum shares many similar features with the Mexican specimen, including the well-developed subpellis, but it has smaller basidiomata, 15–30 mm broad pilei and 27–50 × 1.5–4 mm stipes, and a strongly farinaceous odour (Moser 1978).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8FFF98FF45118FFB43EF2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8DFF9BFF451431FE50EB7E.text	03808015FF8DFF9BFF451431FE50EB7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Entoloma subgenus Nolanea (Fr.) Noordel.</p> <p>Within Entoloma subgen. Nolanea sect. Cosmeoexonema Largent &amp; Thiers (1972) there is a fairly large group of species around E. sericeum, characterized by the predominantly encrusted pigments in the pileipellis and more or less isodiametrical basidiospores. A recent morphological and molecular study of European representatives of this group by Vila et al. (2013) shows the large variability of this particular group of species. Two of them are described here in detail on material from Jalisco.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8DFF9BFF451431FE50EB7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8DFF9BFF45118FFE46E99E.text	03808015FF8DFF9BFF45118FFE46E99E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma rhodopolium (Fr.) P. Kummer 1871	<div><p>6. Entoloma rhodopolium (Fr.) P. Kummer (1871: 98), FIGURE 6.</p> <p>≡ Agaricus rhodopolius Fries (1818: 103)</p> <p>≡ Rhodophyllus rhodopolius (Fr.) Quélet (1886: 59)</p> <p>= Rhodophyllus nidorosus (Fr.) Quélet (1886: 59)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 18–95 mm broad, campanulate, convex, plano-convex to plane, umbonate to subumbonate, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin up to half radius, elsewhere dull, glabrous, smooth, pale to dark yellowish brown, pale greyish brown or pinkish brown, some darker at the centre. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, some with decurrent tooth, subdistant, broad to ventricose, whitish then pink, edge entire, crenate or eroded, concolourous. Stipe 35–120 × 3–15 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, broadening, or tapering towards the base, fibrillose, some with pruinose apex, longitudinally striate, white to whitish, some with yellowish or grey fibrils. Context up to 10 mm broad, fleshy, white to whitish. Odour none to farinaceous. Taste none to farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.4–) 7.2–10.4 × (6.4–) 7.2–8.8 μm, Lm = 8.6, Wm = 7.8, Q = 1.0–1.3, subisodiametrical, some isodiametrical, rarely heterodiametrical, 5–7 angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 30–50 × 8–15 μm, 4-spored, clavate to cylindro-clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis to ixocutis, terminal elements 24–81 × 4–16 μm, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate and difficult to distinguish, with scarce to abundant yellowish to yellowish brown plasmatic pigment; differentiated subpellis absent. Caulocystidia absent or like undifferentiated terminal elements, 34–56 × 6–10 μm, cylindro-clavate, colourless, in groups at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary or gregarious, on soil or humus, in Pinus - Quercus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 12–15 road to microwave transmission tower, 16 September 2006, I.G. Rocha-Salazar 11 (IBUG!), 3 September 2011, D. Montañez 149, 150 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Our collections fit well with the morphospecies Entoloma rhodopolium as it is described in the literature (Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004, Kokkonen 2015), with a pale to medium brown, yellow-brown, or grey-brown pileus, which is glabrous and distinctly translucent-striate at margin. Entoloma clypeatum (L.) P. Kumm. sensu Largent (1994), also associated with Quercus species, is very similar. However, the true E. clypeatum is a European species, differing particularly in ecology, forming a special type of mycorrhiza with rosaceous trees (Noordeloos 1992). Entoloma lividoalbum (Kühner &amp; Romagn.) Kubička (1975) differs particularly in the more robust basidiomata with a firm context, and a dry or slightly greasy, completely dull pileus, which is not translucent-striate, or at the very margin only (Noordeloos 1992).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8DFF9BFF45118FFE46E99E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8DFF9DFF45176FFD05EC26.text	03808015FF8DFF9DFF45176FFD05EC26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma sericeum Quelet 1872	<div><p>7. Entoloma sericeum Quélet (1872: 119), FIGURE 7.</p> <p>≡ Agaricus sericeus Bulliard (1789: tab. 413)</p> <p>≡ Rhodophyllus sericeus (Quél.) Quélet (1886: 59)</p> <p>≡ Nolanea sericea (Quél.) P.D. Orton (1960: 179)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 13–30 mm broad, convex, plano-convex to plane, some with small papilla, hygrophanous, dull or translucent-striate just at the margin, glabrous to slightly fibrillose, smooth, chocolate brown or dark greyish brown, paler at the margin. Lamella e adnate to emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, pinkish brown then pink, edge entire or eroded, concolourous. Stipe 28–40 × 2–4 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, slightly fibrillose, with pruinose apex, smooth or finely longitudinally striate, concolourous with the pileus, paler at the apex. Context thin, pale to dark greyish brown. Odour none to farinaceous. Taste none to farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.4–) 7.2–8.8 (–9.2) × 6.4–8.0 μm, Lm = 7.9, Wm = 7.2, Q = 1.0–1.2, isodiametrical, some subisodiametrical, 5–7 angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 22–47 × 8–12 μm, 4-spored, clavate or cylindro-clavate, colourless or yellowish, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis to ixocutis, hyphae 2–9 μm wide, with abundant yellowish encrusted pigment. Caulocystidia absent or like undifferentiated terminal elements 28–53 × 8–12 μm, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, colourless, scattered at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections present in hymenophoral trama, absent elsewhere.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on soil, in Pinus - Quercus forest with cloud forest influence.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, cañón El Floripondio, slopes of Nevado de Colima, 11 September 2012, D. Montañez 214 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:— Entoloma sericeum is a very variable species, mainly characterized by the dark brown pileus and stipe, isodiametrical basidiospores (7.0–10.5 × 6.5–9.5 μm), and pileipellis hyphae with encrusted pigment (Noordeloos 1992). It has a wide distribution and has been recorded from Europe, North America, and Australia in a wide range of habitats and climate zones (Noordeloos 1992, Largent 1994, Noordeloos &amp; Gates 2012). Vila et al. (2013), in a preliminary attempt to disentangle the taxa in the sericeum complex, described and mentioned a number of similar species, such as E. llimonae Vila, F. Caball., Català &amp; J. Carbó with larger basidiospores, E. minutisporum (Vila &amp; Llimona) Carbó, Vila, Català &amp; F. Caball. with smaller basidiospores, E. ortonii Arnolds &amp; Noordeloos (1979) with a pale brown stipe and pileipellis hyphae with plasmatic and encrusted pigment, and E. subsericeoides (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David in Co-David et al. (2009) with heterodiametrical basidiospores, pileipellis hyphae with both types of pigment, and absence of clamp-connections. Continued research will probably reveal interesting taxonomic and biogeographical patterns in this particular group of species. Entoloma sericeum was previously cited for Mexico by Pérez-Silva et al. (2011) in Estado de México.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8DFF9DFF45176FFD05EC26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8BFF9CFF451057FD18EF2A.text	03808015FF8BFF9CFF451057FD18EF2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma minutisporum (Vila & Llimona) Carbo, Vila, Catala & F. Caball.	<div><p>8. Entoloma minutisporum (Vila &amp; Llimona) Carbó, Vila, Català &amp; F. Caball. (in Vila et al. 2013: 19), FIGURE 8.</p> <p>≡ Entoloma sericeum var. minutisporum Vila &amp; Llimona (2006: 177)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 18–20 mm broad, convex-campanulate, truncate or depressed, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin up to more than half radius, slightly fibrillose, smooth, dark greyish brown. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, pink, edge entire, concolourous. Stipe 30–40 × 1–2 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, fibrillose, smooth, concolourous with pileus, whitish tomentum at the base. Context thin, pale greyish brown. Odour strongly farinaceous. Taste strongly farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 6.4–8.8 × 5.6–7.2 μm, Lm = 7.6, Wm = 6.4, Q = 1.0–1.3, isodiametrical to subisodiametrical, some heterodiametrical, 5–7 (–8) angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 21–28 × 8–10 μm, 4-spored, clavate or cylindro-clavate, colourless or yellowish, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis, terminal elements 38–78 × 3–6 μm, cylindrical, with a small amount of yellowish encrusted pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections present, but absent in the pileipellis.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on humus, in cloud forest with Abies, Quercus, Pinus, and Clethra.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, slopes of Nevado de Colima, El Floripondio, 16 September 1991, L. Guzmán-Dávalos 5432 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:— Entoloma minutisporum belongs to the complex of E. sericeum in the paraphyletic subgenus Nolanea. Vila et al. (2013) made a thorough study of the complex, based on both molecular and morphological data. The Mexican material fits well into this group and is morphologically very similar to E. minutisporum, which is characterised by the small basidiospores 6.9–8.0 × 6.1–7.2 μm, Lm = 7.4, Wm = 6.5 μm, Q = 1.04–1.25. Furthermore, this species has a stipe concolourous or slightly paler than the pileus, covered by abundant whitish fibrils, and clamp-connections present in all parts, but scarce in the pileipellis. Entoloma llimonae and E. sericeum differ because of the larger and wider basidiospores (Vila et al. 2013).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8BFF9CFF451057FD18EF2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF8AFF9FFF45135BFDC6EEBE.text	03808015FF8AFF9FFF45135BFDC6EEBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma subsolstitiale (Largent) Noordel. & Co-David	<div><p>9. Entoloma cf. subsolstitiale (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David (in Co-David et al. 2009: 174), FIGURE 9.</p> <p>≡ Nolanea cf. subsolstitialis Largent (1994: 208)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 15 mm broad, convex-campanulate, umbonate becoming depressed, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at the margin, elsewhere dull, glabrous to slightly fibrillose, smooth, dark orange-brown with olivaceous tinges, paler at the margin. Lamellae emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, pale brown with pink tinges, edge slightly eroded, concolourous. Stipe 30 × 2 mm, central, cylindrical, slightly broadening towards the base, cartilaginous, glabrous, polished, smooth, dark orange brown, whitish at the base. Context thin, concolourous with pileus. Odour farinaceous. Taste farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 6.4–7.6 (–8.0) × 4.8–6.4 μm, Lm = 7.1, Wm = 5.6, Q = 1.1–1.6, heterodiametrical, some subisodiametrical, 5–8 somewhat nodulose-angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 18–31 × 8–12 μm, 2- and 4- spored, clavate to slightly ellipsoid, colourless or yellowish brown, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis, hyphae 4–8 μm wide, with abundant yellowish brown plasmatic pigment and abundant yellowish encrusted pigment. Subpellis differentiated, hyphae inflated, up to 76 × 32 μm, colourless or with scarce yellowish plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections rare in the hymenophoral trama and absent elsewhere.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary, among moss, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 12 road to microwave transmission tower, 9 September 2012, D. Montañez 193 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—This tiny species with a mycenoid habit belongs to Entoloma subgen. Nolanea. It keys out in Largent (1994) as E. subsolstitiale, which is characterized by the small pileus with orange and olivaceous tinges, dark brown stipe, heterodiametrical basidiospores, and pileipellis with plasmatic and encrusted pigment. The Jalisco specimen is very similar to this species, except that Largent (1994) described it with a distinctly umbonate pileus and greyish lamellae, which were not noted in the Mexican collection. Similar species are E. bicoloripes (Largent &amp; Thiers) Noordel. &amp; Co-David in Co-David et al. (2009), which differs by the much larger basidiomata and exclusively intracellular pigment in the pileipellis; E. infula (Fr.) Noordeloos (1980), which has a completely translucent-striate, dark brown pileus, slightly larger basidiospores, and exclusively encrusted pigment in the pileipellis (Largent 1994); and E. solstitiale (Fr.) Noordeloos (1980), which has a completely translucent-striate pileus and pileipellis with plasmatic pigment only (Noordeloos 1992).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF8AFF9FFF45135BFDC6EEBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF89FF9FFF4512D1FAA0E87A.text	03808015FF89FF9FFF4512D1FAA0E87A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Entoloma subgenus Cyanula (Romagn.) Noordel.</p> <p>Members of Entoloma subgen. Cyanula occur all over the world. They often have striking colours like blue, pink, yellow, green, or violet. Noordeloos &amp; Gates (2012) established the species concept mainly based on colour, surface structure of the pileus and stipe, basidiospore size, and shape and nature of the lamella edge. Similar morphospecies may be found in various continents, such as E. chalybeum (Pers.) Noordeloos (1982a), which cannot or have hardly been distinguished, despite the fact that they might differ molecularly. A lot of work still has to be done in that respect. The present paper introduces three species from the current region, one of them being described as new.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF89FF9FFF4512D1FAA0E87A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF89FF81FF45146BFCB1EE2E.text	03808015FF89FF81FF45146BFCB1EE2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma spodopus Montanez, Noordeloos & Guzman-Davalos 2016	<div><p>10. Entoloma spodopus Montanez, Noordeloos &amp; Guzmán-Dávalos, sp. nov. FIGURE 10.</p> <p>Mycobank No. 817354</p> <p>Etymology:— spodo (Gr) = ash grey, referring to the grey stipe.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Pileus up to 37 mm diam., stipe up to 38 × 3 mm; pileus depressed-umbilicate, with fibrillose, brown squamula on a pale greyish brown background; lamellae marginated, grey-brown; stipe polished, grey; cheilocystidia mainly clavate to cylindro-clavate; pileipellis a trichoderm, hyphae with intracellular brown pigment; clamp connections absent.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 8–37 mm broad, convex-campanulate, convex to plano-convex, depressed or umbilicate, dry, dull or translucent-striate at the margin up to half radius, centre velutinous, elsewhere fibrillose-squamulose to fibrillose, smooth or striate, centre dark brown, squamules and fibrils dark brown on a pale greyish brown background. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, some with decurrent tooth, subdistant, broad to ventricose, whitish then pink, edge eroded, marginated greyish brown. Stipe 24–38 × 1–3 mm, central, cylindrical or compressed, equal, cartilaginous, polished, glabrous, with pruinose apex, smooth, grey, with whitish tomentum at the base. Context very thin, grey. Odour sweet. Taste none or slightly sweet.</p> <p>Basidiospores 9.6–13.6 (–14.4) × 6.4–8.8 μm, Lm = 11.8, Wm = 7.6, Q = 1.3–1.7, heterodiametrical, 6–8 angled in side-view with rather blunt, rounded angles, colourless. Basidia 18–36 × 9–12 μm, 2- and 4-spored, clavate to ellipsoid, colourless or with yellowish vacuolar pigment, clampless. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia 32–76 (–96) × 8–19 μm, clavate to cylindro-clavate, some lageniform or ventricose with mucronate apex, reddish brown, forming a sterile layer. Pileipellis a trichoderm at the centre, a cutis at the margin, terminal elements 44–128 × 7–33 μm, cylindro-clavate with abundant greyish brown plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 29–96 × 4–12 μm, cylindrical, some flexuose, colourless, in groups at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections absent.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on soil, in Pinus - Quercus forest with cloud forest elements.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, slopes of Nevado de Colima, El Floripondio, 11 September 1998, Y. Alquiciras 96 (Holotype, IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:— Entoloma spodopus belongs to subgenus Cyanula on account of the depressed-umbilicate and fibrillose-squamulose pileus, polished stipe, and microscopic features, such as the pileipellis, intracelluar pigment, and clampless hyphae. Distinctive for this species is the grey-brown marginated lamellae edge. In an attempt to identify this species with Largent’s key (1994), we tried both Cereicaules Largent and Caesiocaules Largent sections for a match because of the grey, polished stipe. In the Cereicaules, most of the morphological characters of the collection fitted rather well with the description of E. fuligineomarginatum Largent (1974), which is widespread in the Western United States (Largent 1977, 1994). In particular, the greyish brown pileus, greyish brown marginated lamellae edge, basidiospore dimensions, and mainly clavate to cylindro-clavate cheilocystidia are distinctive. However, Largent described the stipe as having a fuligineous brown to red-brown colour, particular when fresh, whereas the Jalisco collection has a more pure grey, polished stipe. In the Caesiocaules, no satisfactory match could be found. In Europe, several species occur with a coloured lamellae edge. In Noordeloos (2004), we came to E. exile (Fr.) Hesler (1967), which has a slightly differently coloured pileus, generally blue tinges in the stipe, and much larger basidiospores. The complex of E. poliopus (Romagn.) Noordeloos (1979) is also similar, but with a blue stipe. Among other taxa with a grey-brown lamellae edge is E. fuscomarginatum P.D. Orton (1960), with dark brown to reddish brown background of the pileus and some tibiiform and lecythiform cheilocystidia (Hesler 1967). For the reasons mentioned above, it seems best to describe the Mexican collection as a new species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF89FF81FF45146BFCB1EE2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF97FF80FF45125FFE83E9EA.text	03808015FF97FF80FF45125FFE83E9EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma chalybeum (Pers.) Noordeloos 1982	<div><p>11. Entoloma chalybeum (Pers.) Noordeloos (1982a: 162), FIGURE 11.</p> <p>≡ Agaricus chalybeus Persoon (1801: 343)</p> <p>≡ Leptonia chalybea (Pers.) P. Kummer (1871: 96)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 11–35 mm broad, conic, convex to convex-campanulate, some truncate, dry, non translucent-striate, centre velutinous, elsewhere fibrillose-squamulose to fibrillose, striate, blackish blue, violet black, or black. Lamellae emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, blue then pink, sometimes with bluish tinges when mature, edge entire to slightly eroded, concolourous or blackish blue in some sections. Stipe 20–40 × 2–5 mm, central, cylindrical, slightly broadening at the base, polished, glabrous, with pruinose apex, smooth, concolourous with pileus, some whitish at the base. Context very thin, 1 mm broad, whitish with blue tinges. Odour none or slightly farinaceous. Taste none or slightly farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.8–12.8 × 6.4–9.6 μm, Lm = 10.8, Wm = 8, Q = 1.2–1.8, heterodiametrical, some subisodiametrical, 5–7 angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 23–43 × 8–14 μm, 2- and 4-spored, clavate to ellipsoid, colourless or with yellowish vacuolar pigment, clampless. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia 13–84 × 5–13 μm, clavate to cylindro-clavate, some septate, colourless or with greyish brown plasmatic pigment, forming a sterile layer. Pileipellis a trichoderm at centre, terminal elements 19–80 × 8–31 μm, cylindro-clavate, clavate, or ellipsoid, some in chains made up of short and inflated elements, a cutis at margin; with blue plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 16–52 × 5–13 μm, clavate to cylindro-clavate, colourless or blue, in dense groups or a palisade at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections absent.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on soil, in Quercus and Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 11 road to microwave transmission tower, 9 September 2012, D. Montañez 197 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Collections with the above combination of blue basidiomata, including the gills, which are lined with dark pigmented cheilocystidia invariably key out as the morphospecies Entoloma chalybeum, a common species in Europe and North America (Largent 1974, Noordeloos 1992). Similar species occur in Australia (Noordeloos &amp; Gates 2012). Unpublished molecular studies, however, show that there is considerable genetic variation in this morphospecies. Unfortunately, at present it is too early to use this information to identify the Mexican material, which therefore is provided with the name E. chalybeum. Similar species also recorded from Mexico are E. serrulatum (Fr.) Hesler (1967) with a blackish blue, serrulate lamellae edge; E. subcaeruleum Hesler (1967) with a pale blue with olive green tinges pileus and decurrent lamellae, lignicolous, and occurring in tropical places (Murrill 1917, Hesler 1967, Largent 1977); and E. howellii (Peck) Dennis (1953) from tropical places and without cheilocystidia (Cifuentes &amp; Guzmán 1981).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF97FF80FF45125FFE83E9EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF96FF80FF45159BFADFE542.text	03808015FF96FF80FF45159BFADFE542.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma subfurfuraceum Hesler 1974	<div><p>12. Entoloma subfurfuraceum Hesler (1974: 716), FIGURE 12.</p> <p>= Leptonia subfurfuracea (Hesler) Largent (1977: 249)</p> <p>= Leptoniella earlei Murrill (1911: 272)</p> <p>= Entoloma earlei (Murrill) Hesler (1967: 35)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 20–25 mm broad, convex, umbilicate, dry, dull, centre pruinose, elsewhere appressed-squamulose to fibrillose, smooth, margin involute, pale brown with pink tinges. Lamellae decurrent to subdecurrent, subdistant, pink, edge entire, concolourous. Stipe 35–40 × 2–3 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, polished, glabrous, with pruinose apex, smooth, pale brown with yellow and pink tinges, whitish at the base. Context whitish. Odour sweet. Taste like grass.</p> <p>Basidiospores 11.2–13.6 (–16.0) × 7.2–8.0 (–8.8) μm, Lm = 12.7, Wm = 7.8, Q = 1.5–2.2, heterodiametrical, 6–7 (–8) angled in side-view with rather blunt angles, colourless. Basidia 31–43 × 8–11 μm, 4-spored, cylindro-clavate, colourless, clampless. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a trichoderm, terminal elements 44– 88 × 8–24 μm, broadly clavate, with yellow plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 20–76 × 6–16 μm, cylindro-clavate, abundant at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections absent.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, among moss, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 19 road to microwave transmission tower, 14 September 1998, I. Álvarez 309 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—This species from Entoloma subgen. Cyanula is characterized by its pale brown pileus with umbilicate, pruinose or furfuraceous centre, the decurrent lamellae, large basidiospores, clampless hyphae, and trichodermal pileipellis. It belongs therefore in Leptonia sect. Cereicaules following Largent (1977, 1994), where it keys out as L. earlei Murrill (1911) described as having a dark brown stipe and a very variable size of the basidioma with 7–50 mm broad pileus and 1–9 mm wide stipe. However, Hesler (1967) mentioned that the pileus was up to 20 mm broad and that the stipe up to 2 mm wide and very pale brown. Entoloma badissimum (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David in Co-David et al. (2009) differs by the bigger basidiomata and by the dark brown pileus (Largent 1977).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF96FF80FF45159BFADFE542	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF95FF83FF451448FB94EB7D.text	03808015FF95FF83FF451448FB94EB7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Entoloma subgenus Leptonia (Fr.) Noordel.</p> <p>Members of Entoloma subgen. Leptonia are characterized by a differentiated, mostly trichodermal pileipellis, and clamped hyphae. Morozova et al. (2014) recently published an account of the Eurasian taxa based on morphology and molecular studies. Two species were discovered in the volcanic regions of Jalisco.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF95FF83FF451448FB94EB7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF95FF82FF45176EFA18EB0F.text	03808015FF95FF82FF45176EFA18EB0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma chytrophilum Wolfel, Noordel. & Dahncke	<div><p>13. Entoloma chytrophilum Wölfel, Noordel. &amp; Dähncke (in Wölfel &amp; Noordeloos 2001: 190), FIGURE 13.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–3 mm broad, convex, depressed, dry, dull, centre appressed-squamulose, elsewhere fibrillose, smooth, blackish blue to violet blue. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, whitish then pink, edge entire, concolourous. Stipe 4–6 × 0.5–1 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, fibrillose, with pruinose apex, longitudinally striate, concolourous with pileus. Context thin, colour not recorded. Odour not recorded. Taste not recorded.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.8–12.0 × (5.6–) 6.4–7.2 (–8.0) μm, Lm = 10.4, Wm = 6.8, Q = 1.3–1.8, heterodiametrical, 6–11 angled in side-view with blunt angles, somewhat nodulose, colourless. Basidia 22–31 × 9–11 μm, 4-spored, broadly clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a trichoderm, terminal elements 24–69 × 8–28 μm, broadly clavate to ellipsoid, with abundant greyish blue plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 26–60 × 6–11 μm, cylindrical, colourless, in small groups at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Gregarious, on rotten wood, in cloud forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, El Floripondio, slopes of Nevado de Colima, 11 August 1990, O. Vargas 443 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Morphologically, the Mexican collections fits well with Entoloma chytrophilum that is a fairly distinct species with very small, dark blue changing to violet blue pileus, somewhat nodulose-angled basidiospores, and lignicolous habit. The species also figures in a recent phylogenetic study (Morozova et al., 2014). Unfortunately, the Mexican material is rather scanty and old to get it barcoded, to compare it with the results of Morozova et al. (2014). Hopefully more material can be collected in the future. There are other similar species to E. chytrophilum, but all of them terricolous and they differ accordingly: E. coelestinum (Fr.) Hesler (1967) has smaller basidiospores; E. cyaneum Sacc. has larger basidiospores; E. lepidissimum (Svrček) Noordeloos (1982b). has blue lamellae when young, a smooth stipe, and sometimes cheilocystidia; and E. subcoelestinum (Largent) Blanco-Dios (2015), has non-nodulose basidiospores and lacks clamp-connections in the pileipellis (Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004, Morozova et al. 2015).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF95FF82FF45176EFA18EB0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF94FF85FF4517A0FA20EAA4.text	03808015FF94FF85FF4517A0FA20EAA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma subcoelestinum (Largent) Blanco-Dios 2015	<div><p>14. Entoloma cf. subcoelestinum (Largent) Blanco-Dios (2015: 37), FIGURE 14.</p> <p>≡ Leptonia subcoelestina Largent (1977: 107)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 5 mm broad, plano-convex, depressed, dry, dull, centre appressed-squamulose, elsewhere fibrillose, striate at the margin, greyish black with violet tinges. Lamellae adnate, distant, pink with grey tinges, edge entire, concolourous. Stipe 15 × 1 mm, eccentric, cylindrical, slightly broadening towards the base, glabrous, with pruinose apex, smooth, concolourous with pileus, grey at the base. Context thin, grey. Odour none. Taste none.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.0–9.6 (–11.0) × 5.6–6.4 μm, Lm = 9.1, Wm = 6, Q = 1.3–2.0, heterodiametrical, rarely subisodiametrical, 6–7 angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 35–54 × 8–12 μm, 4-spored, clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a trichoderm at the centre, terminal elements 26–80 × 6–25 μm, cylindro-clavate, oblong, subfusiform, some with mucronate apex, a cutis at the margin; with greyish blue plasmatic pigment. Caulocystidia 16–46 × 5–10 μm, cylindro-clavate, lageniform, subfusiform, utriform, colourless, in groups at the stipe apex. Clamp-connections present in all tissues except the pileipellis.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary, on soil, in cloud forest, with Abies, Quercus, Pinus, and Clethra, among others.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Zapotlán el Grande, El Floripondio, slopes of Nevado de Colima, 17 August 2011, C. Torres-Preciado 259 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—The Mexican specimen keys out in Entoloma subgen. Leptonia sect. Leptonia very close to L. subcoelestina, in particular due to the peculiar cystidiform elements of the pileipellis and the absence of clamp-connections. Furthermore, this species is characterized by the very small basidiomata and the basidiospores measuring 8.0–11 × 5.5–7 μm with conspicuous angles (Largent 1994). However, this species is only known from its type-locality in Washington State, USA, growing in the coniferous humus layer (Largent 1977, 1994). For this reason, we hesitate to confirm the conspecificity. Similar species are E. coelestinum (Fr.) Hesler (1967) from Europe and North America, with smaller basidiospores (Largent 1994, Noordeloos 2004, Morozova et al. 2015); E. cyaneum Saccardo (1887) with larger and nodulose-angled basidiospores; E. chytrophilum with a lignicolous habit and nodulose-angled basidiospores (see also above); and E. lepidissimum Noordeloos (1982b) with nodulose-angled basidiospores, blue lamellae when young, and sometimes distinctly developed cheilocystidia (Noordeloos 1992, Largent 1994, Morozova et al. 2015).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF94FF85FF4517A0FA20EAA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF92FF84FF4511B1FBDCEC4A.text	03808015FF92FF84FF4511B1FBDCEC4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma	<div><p>Entoloma subgenus Inocephalus (Noordel.) P.D. Orton</p> <p>Subgenus Inocephalus is presented here in the concept of Largent (1994), with a mycenoid or collybioid habit and fibrillose-squamulose pileus with trichodermal pileipellis. One species is described here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF92FF84FF4511B1FBDCEC4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
03808015FF91FF87FF45118FFF65E952.text	03808015FF91FF87FF45118FFF65E952.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma appressum (Largent) Noordel. & Co-David	<div><p>15. Entoloma cf. appressum (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David (in Co-David et al. 2009: 147–176). FIGURE 15.</p> <p>≡ Inocephalus appressus Largent (1994: 400)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 18 mm diam., plano-convex, depressed, hygrophanous, translucent-striate at margin up to half the radius when fresh, elsewhere dull, appressed-fibrillose, smooth, dark orange-brown with yellow tinges, paler towards margin. Lamellae emarginate, subdistant, ventricose, pale pinkish brown, edge eroded, concolourous. Stipe 40 × 2 mm, central, cylindrical, equal, glabrous, polished, dark orange-brown, with white tomentum at the base. Context thin, 1 mm broad, pale greyish brown. Odour slightly farinaceous. Taste slightly farinaceous.</p> <p>Basidiospores (7.2–) 7.6–9.6 × (6.4–) 7.2–7.6 (–8.0) μm, Lm = 8.5, Wm = 7.3, Q = 1.0–1.2, isodiametrical to subisodiametrical, 5–6, rarely 7–angled in side-view, colourless. Basidia 26–37 × 9–15 μm, 2- and 4-spored, clavate, colourless, clamped. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia 26–68 (–90) × 6–18 μm, utriform to lageniform with elongated neck, some with subcapitate or rostrate apex, colourless, mixed with basidia. Pileipellis a cutis in transition to a trichoderm, terminal elements 24–80 × 12–26 μm, cylindrical, ellipsoid, some with mucronate apex, with yellowish vacuolar pigment and scarce yellowish encrusted pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections present, but scarce.</p> <p>Habit and habitat:—Solitary, on soil, in Quercus - Pinus forest.</p> <p>Material studied:— MEXICO. Jalisco, Municipality of Tequila, volcán de Tequila, km 12 road to microwave transmission tower, 9 September 2012, D. Montañez 198 (IBUG!).</p> <p>Comments:—Using Largent (1974) this collection could readily be identified as Inocephalus appressus, based on the dark orange-brown basidiome, appressed-fibrillose pileus, the subisodiametrical basidiospores, and the presence and shape of the cheilocystidia. The Mexican collection deviates slightly in having smaller basidiospores. Since this species has only been recorded from the type locality, we do not know much about the variability of this character. Originally, this species was found in a cedar wood in Washington State, USA. Similar species are Entoloma cupressum (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David with a dull pileus, occurring in Cupressus forest, and E. fabaceolum (Largent) Noordel. &amp; Co-David (in Co-David et al. 2009) with a scabrose pileus at the centre and a distinctive fabaceous smell (Largent 1994).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03808015FF91FF87FF45118FFF65E952	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Montañez, Diego;Noordeloos, Machiel E.;Rodríguez, Olivia;Vargas, Ofelia;Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura	Montañez, Diego, Noordeloos, Machiel E., Rodríguez, Olivia, Vargas, Ofelia, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2016): Notes on the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in two volcanic areas of Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 277 (3): 211-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.3.1
