taxonID	type	description	language	source
038FE5135527FFBBFC9EFC77FC77FBA1.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris, 1986	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135527FFBCFC9EFBCCFEF6FA2B.taxon	description	Description — The p 3 s of Aztlanolagus agilis are characterized by the presence of five reentrant folds (Fig. 4 a; Russell and Harris 1986). No extant North American leporid retains this pattern, and among fossil taxa only Nekrolagus is similar (Russell and Harris 1986). All specimens identified as A. agilis exhibit a strongly developed anterointernal fold and a well-developed posterointernal fold (Fig. 4 b) or lake. The presence of a strongly developed anterointernal fold on the p 3 distinguishes A. agilis from Nekrolagus, in which the fold is less developed or absent (Russell and Harris 1986). The degree of crenulation within individual folds varies among individual specimens from Cathedral Cave. Table 1 summarizes the number of major crenulations in the anteroexternal reentrant, along the posterior wall of the posterointernal reentrant, and along the posterior wall of the posteroexternal reentrant. For specimens of A. agilis from Cathedral Cave, the p 3 average length is 2.40 mm (n = 25; SD = 0.23; range = 1.7 – 2.8) and average width is 2.29 mm (n = 25; SD = 0.34; range = 1.2 – 2.8). These are slightly larger than average measurements recorded by Winkler and Tomida (1988) for other localities in the southwestern United States.	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135527FFBCFC9EFBCCFEF6FA2B.taxon	discussion	Discussion — Aztlanolagus is known from Blancan to late Rancholabrean deposits in the western United States and Mexico. Records other than Cathedral Cave come from localities within Porcupine Cave, CO (Barnosky and Hopkins 2004, Baxter 2004), and localities in northern Mexico, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas (Russell and Harris 1986, Winkler and Tomida 1988). Although Winkler and Tomida (1988) tentatively referred all specimens that they examined to A. agilis, Baxter (2004) reported Porcupine Cave specimens as Aztlanolagus spp. because of variation in tooth size and crenulation patterns. Aztlanolagus might be synonymous with Pliopentalagus, an extinct leporid known mostly from China that has five reentrant folds on the p 3 (Tomida and Jin 2002, 2004). However, until the argument for synonymy is formalized, Aztlanolagus should be retained. Taxonomic issues notwithstanding, the disappearance of A. agilis is one of the few known late Quaternary small mammal extinctions in continental North America. The records of Aztlanolagus agilis from Cathedral Cave presented here represent its first known occurrence in the Great Basin. The only other specimen known from the Great Basin is unnumbered in bulk material from Smith Creek Cave, Nevada, housed at the Nevada State Museum (Jass personal observation).	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135520FFBCFCDEFB8CFACBF9F6.taxon	description	Description — The two specimens identified as Brachylagus coloradoensis are similar to B. idahoensis, but both have a weakly developed posterointernal reentrant and a posteroexternal reentrant that extends only between one-third and two-thirds across the tooth (Fig. 4 d). As such, these specimens are consistent with those identified as B. coloradoensis from Porcupine Cave (Ramos, 1999 b).	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135520FFBCFCDEFB8CFACBF9F6.taxon	discussion	Discussion — Prior to this report, B. coloradoensis was known only from several localities of Irvingtonian or unknown age within Porcupine Cave (Ramos 1999 b, Barnosky 2004, Barnosky and Hopkins 2004, Baxter, 2004; age assignments from Barnosky et al. 2004). Its occurrence in Cathedral Cave extends both its geographic and chronologic ranges.	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135520FFBCFF8EF9AEFBEEFBF6.taxon	description	Description — Three specimens of Brachylagus idahoensis were identified from Cathedral Cave (Fig. 4 c). Two of the specimens retain simple anteroexternal reentrants and the trigonid and talonid are either completely (TMM 43693 - 1777), or nearly (TMM 43693 - 1776), separated by cementum. The extension of the anteroexternal folds across the tooth is characteristic of B. idahoensis (Ramos 1999 b). Length and width of the p 3 s were: (TMM 43693 - 1777) - l = 1.8 mm, w = 1.6 mm; (43693 - 1776) - l = 1.8 mm, w = 1.8 mm. A third p 3 specimen (TMM 43693 - 1775) with a damaged occlusal surface that was also identified as Brachylagus idahoensis is unique. In ventral view, it has a posteroexternal reentrant that extends across two-thirds of the tooth, but exhibits an enamel lake in the position of a posterointernal reentrant. Because the joining of the posteroexternal reentrant with the enamel lake would result in a morphology more similar to B. idahoensis than B. coloradoensis (see below), the specimen is identified as the former. Further review of variation in the p 3 enamel patterns of B. idahoensis is needed.	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135520FFBCFF8EF9AEFBEEFBF6.taxon	discussion	Discussion — Brachylagus is distinguished from most extant and fossil North American leporids by the lack of an anterior reentrant on the p 3 (Kurtén and Anderson 1980, Ramos 1999 a). The extinct genus Hypolagus is similar in some qualitative aspects to an extinct form of Brachylagus (B. coloradoensis) but is larger in size (Ramos 1999 b). Until recently, the genus Brachylagus was considered monotypic, with B. idahoensis as the only recognized species (Ramos 1999 b). Fossils of Brachylagus idahoensis are known only from the western United States and most fall within or near the present distribution of the species (Kurtén and Anderson 1980). Exceptions are the records from Isleta Cave No. 2 and Sheep Camp Shelter in New Mexico (Harris 1993). The occurrence of B. idahoensis at Cathedral Cave was previously noted by Ramos (1999 b).	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
038FE5135520FFBCFF8EF991FD26F9C3.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Lepus idahoensis Merriam, 1891	en	Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J., Usa (2009): Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada. PaleoBios 29 (1): 1-12
