identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
DD60EF53A9E5CED8072A328D9AB76533.text	DD60EF53A9E5CED8072A328D9AB76533.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marleyimyia Hesse	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p>Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Bombyliidae</p>
            <p> Genus  Marleyimyia Hesse</p>
            <p> Marleyimyia Hesse, 1956: 521. Type species:  Marleyimyia natalensis Hesse, 1956, by original designation. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Marleyimyia Hesse, 1956 was originally described based on a single male specimen with vestigial mouthparts and bred from a log containing cossid larvae. The genus is currently known from only three specimens representing two described species from widely disjunct localities:  Marleyimyia goliath (Oldroyd) from Peninsular Malaysia and  Marleyimyia natalensis Hesse from southern Africa. In proposing his new genus, Hesse (1956) distinguished  Marleyimyia from  Oestranthrax Bezzi, 1921 by the larger body, the head wider than the thorax, and the differently shaped, although reduced, proboscis (pointed apically in  Marleyimyia and short with a small fleshy labellum in  Oestranthrax ). Hesse distinguished  Marleyimyia from  Villoestrus Paramonov, 1931 by the same body and head features as above, but also the presence of a reduced proboscis (proboscis totally absent in  Villoestrus ). Oldroyd (1951) described his new Malaysian species as  Oestranthrax goliath based on a single male and female bred from the pupa of a cossid moth and claimed it to be the largest in bulk of any bee fly he had seen. Bowden (1975) transferred  Oestranthrax goliath to  Marleyimyia and Bowden (1978) echoed  Oldroyd’s (1951) presumption that the species in the genus had the appearance of a crepuscular or nocturnal habit. If this nocturnal habit is proven to be true, then the new species described below differs in having been seen during the day (photographed at two separate localities), but it has the same unusual antennal shape as found in the male and female of  Marleyimyia goliath (a similar lanceolate shape but shorter and stouter is found only in one other bombyliid species, the Nearctic  Oestranthrax farinosus Johnson &amp; Maughan, and only in females of that species). The antennal shape in the new species described here is not found in the male holotype of the type species,  Marleyimyia natalensis , but it is found in the female of the undescribed species of  Marleyimyia from Nigeria mentioned by Bowden (1978) and may be a female-specific character for species of  Marleyimyia . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD60EF53A9E5CED8072A328D9AB76533	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marshall, Stephen A.;Evenhuis, Neal L.	Marshall, Stephen A., Evenhuis, Neal L. (2015): New species without dead bodies: a case for photo-based descriptions, illustrated by a striking new species of Marleyimyia Hesse (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 525: 117-127, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6143, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6143
9017E6BA61E39F9E36FD099FC128546E.text	9017E6BA61E39F9E36FD099FC128546E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marleyimyia xylocopae Marshall & Evenhuis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p>Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Bombyliidae</p>
            <p> Marleyimyia xylocopae Marshall &amp; Evenhuis sp. n. Figs 1, 2, 3, 4 </p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu Natal: Ndumo Nature Preserve, Ndumo Campground, 26°54'31.07"S; 32°18'57.85"E.</p>
            <p>Type specimen.</p>
            <p>Holotype female from SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu Natal: Ndumo Nature Preserve, Ndumo Campground, 26°54'31.07"S; 32°18'57.85"E, 74.0 m elev., 1 Dec 2014, S.A. Marshall. Holotype represented in photograph No. 7007 (Fig. 1); other photos taken: Nos. 7002, 7003, 7004, 7005, 7006, 7008. Paratype female represented in photograph No. 7015. photographed at the following locality: SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu Natal: Ndumo Nature Preserve, Red Cliffs, 26°51'21.9"S; 32°12'26.3"E, 35.0 m elev., 27 November 2014, S.A. Marshall. Other photos taken: Nos. 7009, 7010, 7012, 7013, 7014, 7016, 7017. All photographs are archived with Morphobank (project P2277: http://morphobank.org/permalink/?P2277, images M397297-M397315).</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Separated from its congeners by the all black infuscated wing (hyaline in  Marleyimyia goliath and  Marleyimyia natalensis ), and the mesonotal pattern of black hairs anteriorly and yellow hairs posteriorly (entirely black-haired in  Marleyimyia goliath and predominantly yellowish brown-haired in  Marleyimyia natalensis ). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Female. Body: ca. 18-20 mm in length (extrapolated from comparison of grass blade width of  Eremochroa (centipede grass) in a larger habitus photograph [No. 7009]). Head (Fig. 2). As wide or wider than thorax, shining black in ground colour with some bluish highlights, clothed with silvery white hairs and tomentum. Frons width ca. 1/3 of head width at occiput; ocellar triangle ellipsoid, lateral ocelli slightly larger than anterior ocellus; occiput with short silvery white hairs dorsally, silvery white  tomentum along posterior eye margin, tomentum densest at medial eye indentation and on postgena. Eye dark bluish black, indented medially on posterior margin, with bisecting line length ca. half eye width. Frons short silvery white pilose and tomentose, bare medially below ocellar triangle, pile longest and densest at level of antennae. Face receding with dense silvery white hairs, oral margin narrowly brownish orange near eye margin. Antenna (Fig. 3A) cinereous; scape subcylindrical with admixed black and white hairs dorsally and laterally; pedicel subellipsoid, wider than long, bare; flagellomere long, ca. 4  × length of scape, linear-lanceolate, bare, slightly bulging basally, slightly tapering to apex; apical style minute. </p>
            <p> Thorax . Mesonotum and pleura shining black in ground color (scutellum ground color obscured); mesonotum with dense short  “clipped-looking” black pile anteriorly to level of wing base, yellow pile from wing base to posterior edge of mesonotal disc including postalar calli, long, shaggy laterally, short and  “clipped-looking” on disc; scutellum densely shaggy yellow pilose; pleura thickly black haired, those hairs on anepisternum with dark brownish sheen. (Halter and pleural area under wing obscured in photos). </p>
            <p>Legs. (Hind femur obscured in photographs). Fore and mid legs (and hind legs beyond femur) black with a shiny greasy appearance, some bluish highlights on femora and tarsi. Fore and mid femora short, stout, with long black hairs ventrally, longest basally, tapering to shorter apical hairs; tibiae shorter than femora, with short black spicules.</p>
            <p>Wing (Fig. 4). Infuscated dark brownish black throughout except brownish infuscation in center of anal lobe and cell fourth posterior cell and subhyaline apex of wing, veins black; crossvein r-m just proximal to middle of cell dm (with anomalous second crossvein in left wing); veins R2+3 and R4 sinuous, subparallel to wing margin; origin or R2+3 just before r-m crossvein; first posterior cell open in wing margin; crossvein dm-m S-shaped, origin on vein M4 at basal one-fourth; crossvein m-m slightly wider than r-m; cell cua narrowly open in wing margin; anal lobe well developed; alula small.</p>
            <p> Abdomen. Broad, ovular in shape, shining black in ground color with bluish highlights (sternites not visible); tergite II and III with admixed short silvery white hair  and tomentum dorsolaterally and sparse silvery tomentum with bluish highlights dorsomedially; tergites  IV–VII with adpressed black tomentum and sparse silvery white tomentum dorsomedially. Genitalia. Not dissected. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Two different specimens were photographed (one at each locality indicated above). That they are different is evidenced by the rubbed frons in the Red Cliffs paratype (photos taken on 27 November) and that the photos taken later at the Campground site (on 1 December) were of a specimen without a rubbed frons. This new species shares its unusual large body, wing shape, wing venation, and antennal flagellomere shape with  Marleyimyia goliath , which occurs in Peninsular Malaysia. These characters differ from the smaller and more slender type species,  Marleyimyia natalensis (Fig. 5), from Sydenham, near Durban, South Africa (see map in Fig. 7; http://www.simplemappr.net/map/4577). Bowden (1978) mentioned an undescribed species of  Marleyimyia from Nigeria which, from photographs of the specimen in the BMNH, appears to be more similar to  Marleyimyia natalensis in size and coloration than either  Marleyimyia goliath or  Marleyimyia xylocopae sp. n., but the Nigerian species has the same antennal shape as  Marleyimyia goliath and  Marleyimyia xylocopae sp. n. Because of the similarity of  Marleyimyia xylocopae to characters shown in  Marleyimyia goliath , we feel confident of its current generic placement. Further material of this genus should be secured in order to better assess the true generic limits. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9017E6BA61E39F9E36FD099FC128546E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marshall, Stephen A.;Evenhuis, Neal L.	Marshall, Stephen A., Evenhuis, Neal L. (2015): New species without dead bodies: a case for photo-based descriptions, illustrated by a striking new species of Marleyimyia Hesse (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 525: 117-127, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6143, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6143
