identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038CDB21FF96A22CFF65F8B2611BFF37.text	038CDB21FF96A22CFF65F8B2611BFF37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia Broch 1935	<div><p>Genus Calcigorgia Broch, 1935</p><p>Calcigorgia Broch 1935: 22; 1940: 11, 19; Bayer 1981: 920 (in key only).</p><p>Diagnosis. Acanthogorgiidae having non-retractile polyps without spine-like sclerites projecting around summit of</p><p>polyps; tentacular sclerites are scales or absent; polyp and coenenchymal sclerites in the form of stout tuberculate spindles, occasionally club like, those of polyps not en chevron.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF96A22CFF65F8B2611BFF37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF95A22BFF65FEDB6365FD67.text	038CDB21FF95A22BFF65FEDB6365FD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia beringi (Nutting 1912)	<div><p>Calcigorgia beringi (Nutting, 1912)</p><p>Figures 1a, 2a, 3</p><p>Leptogorgia beringi Nutting, 1912: 95 (Alaska, USA).</p><p>? Leptogrgia beringi; Bielschowsky 1918: 29 (Sagami Bay, Japan).</p><p>? Stenogorgia beringi; Kükenthal 1919: 918, 1924: 348 (Japan).</p><p>Material examined. Holotype USNM 30044, SE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Agattu Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Aleutian Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">East Bering Sea</a>, 52°01'N, 174°39'E, 1046 fathoms (1914 m), USFC <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Albatross Northwestern Pacific Expedition</a> sta. 4780, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Trawl—Agassiz</a> beam, 8 ft, 7 June 1906, one nearly complete colony; other material examined by Dr. Bayer: USNM 1006240, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Great Sitkin Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Andreanof Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Aleutian Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">East Bering Sea</a>, 52.00°N, 176.642°E, AB01-43, depth 298 m, coll. Slear, J., 13 November 2000, dry; other material: USNM8848, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Chica Island</a>, Akutan Pass, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Fox Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Aleutian Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">East Bering Sea</a>, U.S. Coast Survey, coll. Dall, William Healey, dry; USNM 100806, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Amatignak Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Delarof Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Aleutian Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">East Bering Sea</a>, 51°N, 179°W (cf. 51°15’26.40”N, 179°06’18.60”W), R/ V Pacific Knight, cruise 941, haul 161, 18 July 1994; USNM 1004602, Bering Sea, 52°N, 177°W, AB01-45, 26 February 2001, dry; USNM 1006249, Bering Sea, AB01-4, sample #AE114, coll. Slear, J., 4 December 2000, dry; USNM 1006324, SE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=175.159&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.231" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 175.159/lat 52.231)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, East Bering Sea, 52.231°N, 175.159°E, depth to 182 m, R/ V Alaska Sea, AB 00-38, coll. Palmer, D., 26 January 2000, dry.</p><p>Description (after Nutting and the manuscript of Bayer). The holotype is 7.9 cm long and 7 cm wide (Figure 2a), a holdfast is lacking. The cylindrical polyps are situated all around the branches and are up to 1.75 mm long and 1 mm wide. The infolded tentacles contain small, flattened scales, up to 0.10 mm long, sparsely ornamented with simple, rounded projections (Figure 3a). These extend along the tentacle bases and intergrade with longer, more closely sculptured capstans, belted spindles and cylinders densely filling the polyps and coenenchyme, 0.05–0.15 mm long (Figure 3b). A few poorly developed clubs (Figure 3b top) and crosses (Figure 3c) are also present, with similar size as the spindles and cylinders.</p><p>Distribution. Western Aleutian Islands, West Bering Sea. The type locality is actually SE of Agattu Island in the Near Island group of the western Aleutians, in the south edge of West Bering Sea, in 1914 m, rather than in the Bering Sea as stated by Nutting (Figure 1a). The only locality with western longitude, Amatignak Island is the southernmost point of Alaska, as well as the westernmost longitude of Alaska, located in the West Bering Sea.</p><p>Remarks (partly after the manuscript of Bayer). Nutting’s original description and photograph of the colony adequately show the appearance of the preserved colony, but a new photograph is presented (Figure 2a) for comparison with the other species considered here. Nutting’s description and illustration of the sclerites do not adequately characterize the species, and apparently misled Kükenthal (1924: 348), who wrote that the tubercles of the sclerites “in unregelmässigen Gürteln stehen” (placed in irregular whorls). Nutting was misled by the resemblance of its regularly belted spindles, which resemble the sclerites of many gorgonians. He observed (1912: 96) that it “has longer and more prominent calyces than any other species of the genus” but did not notice that the polyps are not retractile as always is the case in gorgoniids. It is not clear whether the material from Japan identified by Bielschowsky (1918) and Kükenthal (1919) really is this species; it was not examined by us. Although Kükenthal (1919, 1924) was correct in removing Leptogorgia beringi from the genus Leptogorgia, his assignment of the species to Stenogorgia (= Swiftia) is untenable because the polyps of that genus are more or less completely retractile within distinct calyces owing to the presence of a neck-zone nearly or completely devoid of sclerites.</p><p>The original description of Nutting (1912) and later re-description of Bayer did not mention the presence of clubs in the polyps, which are however present in the type material, though poorly developed and in low numbers (Figure 4d).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF95A22BFF65FEDB6365FD67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF92A22BFF65FD2B63A3FA5D.text	038CDB21FF92A22BFF65FD2B63A3FA5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia gigantea Matsumoto & Van Ofwegen & Bayer 2019	<div><p>Calcigorgia gigantea sp. n.</p><p>Figures 1a, 2 c–d, 4–5</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ 7050EC0C-7AE5-439C-AE76-3997997ABEFC</p><p>Material examined. Holotype, USNM 1013069, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Tanaga Pass</a> west of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Tanaga Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Andreanof Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Aleutian Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Bering Sea</a>, 51°N 137.64'N 178°19.2'W, depth 375 m, bottom temp. 4 °C, F/ V Pacific Knight, cruise 94-1, haul 121, 5 July, 1994 (Figure 2c); paratypes USNM 1004615 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Amchitka Pass</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Rat Islands</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Aleutian Islands</a>, 51.2885°N 178.947°E, depth 347–391 m, field number AB01-65, coll. McCluskey, P. (Figure 2d); USNM 1010177, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Semisopochnoi Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.608&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.1756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.608/lat 52.1756)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, West Bering Sea, 52.1756°N 179.608°E, depth 128–135 m, R/ V Dominator, st. 135, 24 June 2000.</p><p>Description. The holotype is 7 cm wide and 10 cm high (Figure 2c). The stem is 2 cm long and about 6 mm wide. The polyps are about 9–10 mm high and 5–6 mm wide. Tentacles without sclerites. Polyps with poorly developed clubs (Figure 4a), up to 0.60 mm long and spindles up to 0.90 mm long (Figure 4 b–c); all with simple tubercles. The coenenchyme with smaller spindles, 0.20–0.50 mm long, with more developed tubercles (Figure 4c).</p><p>Etymology. From the Latin gigantea, giant or very large, referring to the large polyps and sclerites</p><p>Colour. The preserved holotype is white, all sclerites are colorless.</p><p>Distribution. Aleutian Islands, both East and West Bering Sea in 128–391 m (Figure 1a).</p><p>Remarks. The colony of USNM1004615 is rather slender and has smaller polyps than the holotype (Figure 2d) but its polyp sclerites (Figure 5 a–b) are very much like those of the holotype. The coenenchyme has smaller spindles, up to 0.20 mm long, and some capstans (Figure 5c). Calcigorgia gigantea sp. n. is unique in the genus by its large polyps and sclerites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF92A22BFF65FD2B63A3FA5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF92A227FF65F9FB66C1FE6A.text	038CDB21FF92A227FF65F9FB66C1FE6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia gracilis Matsumoto & Van Ofwegen & Bayer 2019	<div><p>Calcigorgia gracilis sp. n.</p><p>Figures 1b, 6 a–c, 7–8</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ 0433555C-8C5E-40A8-8B5F-3C9306A86EC5</p><p>Acanthogorgiidae sp. Takahashi et al. 2016: 32 (Nojima Submarine Canyon, Japan).</p><p>Material examined. Holotype USNM 60280, Shio Misaki Light N75°E, 9.6 mi, Japan, 33°23'30"N, 135°34'E, 1188 m, U.S. F. C. str . Albatross sta. 4971, 27 August 1906, SEM 2537, 2538 of Bayer; other material: JAMSTEC No.1120034415, Nojima canyon branch, So-O Trough, Sagami Trough, off Boso, Japan, 34°46'42.60"N, 139°50'18.66"E, 1497m, dive HPD# 1426, B05, R/V Natsushima, NT12-22, coll. R. Mimori, 23 August 2012.</p><p>Description (modified after the manuscript of Bayer). The holotype is 4 cm wide and 5.2 cm high, 8 cm if the extremely flexible main branch is fully stretched out (Figure 6a). The stem is 1.5 cm long and about 1 mm wide. The colony is sparsely branched in an openly pinnate manner, not strictly in one plane. Six lateral branches arise from the primary axis in alternating sequence, the lowest three of these giving rise in turn to shorter twigs. The principal axis extends about 5.5 cm beyond the uppermost lateral branch. Regular lateral branching forms the colony, with branches thread-like, less than a mm wide. The brown axis is visible through the thin coenenchyme. The denuded axis of the main trunk is about 0.6 mm in diameter roughly 5 mm above the base; the extremely slender branches taper little if at all distally, being about 0.35–0.4 mm in diameter throughout. The non-retractile polyps are arranged spirally around the branches, they form cylindrical polyps 1.75 mm high and 0.75–0.8 mm in diameter with tentacles folded in over the mouth; they are distantly spaced, sometimes alternate, sometime opposite or nearly so, in most cases two opposite polyps at the summit of each terminal twig. Tentacles with scales, up to 0.12 mm long, with a few simple tubercles (Figure 7a). These intergrade proximally with the sclerites of the body wall of the polyp, which include slender tuberculate spindles and club-like sclerites up to 0.3 mm long (Figure 7b). The clubs with less tuberculate to smooth handles. Coenenchyme with capstans, small spindles and cylinders, up to 0.12 mm long, with simple or complex tubercles (Figure 7c). A few crosses are also present (Figure 7d).</p><p>Colour. The preserved holotype is white, and all sclerites are colorless. The colony in situ is pink (Figure 6c). Etymology. From the Latin gracilis, slender, referring to the colony shape with its slender branches, following Bayer’s manuscript. Distribution. Pacific side of Japan mainland: off Boso peninsula, Shio Misaki in 1188–1497 m (Figure 1b). Variability. The holotype has somewhat less developed sclerites than the other material (Figure 8), polyp spindles with two smooth ends and clubs with a smooth handle. It also shows some crosses (Figure 7d) not</p><p>observed in the other examined material. The size of polyps of the other material is larger, about 1.5 mm high and 1 mm wide.</p><p>Comparisons. When first examined superficially, this specimen was identified as C. beringi owing to its slender colonial form contrasting with the coarser aspect of C. spiculifera, and to its deep-water habitat. However, the growth form is even more delicate and the branches more slender and flexible than in C. beringi, which lacks the slender clubs of the polyp walls, so it clearly cannot be accommodated in that species as defined by its original type material, which is now fully illustrated by SEM for the first time.</p><p>The robust colonial form, crowded polyps, and larger polyps immediately distinguish C. spiculifera from C. gracilis as well as from C. beringi . Moreover, neither of those species has slender clubs of the type characteristic for C. gracilis .</p><p>Commensals. Two of the lateral branches of holotype each bear a small ophiuroid tightly entwined around it.</p><p>Remarks. The other examined material is the specimen mentioned by Takahashi et al as Acanthogorgiidae sp. When viewed with standerd illumination under the traditional stereomicroscope, the polyps of C. gracilis have a distinctly rough, even prickly aspect, owing to the spindles and slender clubs of the body wall.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF92A227FF65F9FB66C1FE6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF9DA220FF65F8DA6746FEA2.text	038CDB21FF9DA220FF65F8DA6746FEA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia japonica Dautova 2007	<div><p>Calcigorgia japonica Dautova, 2007</p><p>Figures 1c, 9 ab, 10–12</p><p>Calcigorgia japonica Dautova, 2007: 302 (39°35'N, 135°01'E, Sea of Japan, 832– 736 m deep, silted sand, 8 August 1933, coll. K.M. Deryugin); 2018: 11.</p><p>Material examined. ZIN 11678, Skaly Lovushki I., Sea of Okhotsk, “Novoulyanovsk”, fishery bottom trawl Ñ79 (maybe = Ottertrawl), bottom: unknown (trawl has been torn to pieces; all animals were collected from warps), coll. Alexander Ereskovsky, 4 October 1984 ; ZIN 11661, Ketoi I., Sea of Okhotsk, 47°12'8N 152°38'1E, depth 900 m, bottom: pebbles, Ship “Odissey” Cruise 34, St. 27, small dredge, coll. Mikhail Kolesnikov and Vyacheslav Bizikov, 10 January 1985; ZIN 11662, Skaly Lovushki I., Sea of Okhotsk, 48°02'17N 154°24'05 E, depth 580 m, bottom: stones, gravel, ship “Odissey” st. 18, small dredge, coll. Boris Sirenko and Mikhail Kolesnikov, 3 August 1984 ; ZIN 11675, Skaly Lovushki I., Sea of Okhotsk, 48°48'54N 153°43'00E, depth 800–1000 m, “Novoulyanovsk”, fishery bottom trawl Ñ79 (maybe = Ottertrawl), bottom: unknown (trawl has been torn to pieces; all animals were collected from warps), coll. Sergey Grebelnyi and Alexander Ereskovsky, 4 October 1984; USNM 100816 N of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-169.97966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.878166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -169.97966/lat 52.878166)">Four Mountains</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 52°52.69’N 169°58.78’W, depth 62 m, bottom temp. 4.5 °C, R/ V Vesteraalen cruise 94-1, haul 40, 11 June 1994, three nearly complete colonies; USNM 1004642 Bering Sea, 52°N 177°W, field number AB 01-66; USNM 1006154 east of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-178.342&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.6962" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -178.342/lat 51.6962)">Delray Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.6962°N 178.342°W, depth 280 m, R/ V Spirit of the North, field number AB 01-64, sample #16, coll. Renfro, K., 3 March 2000, one nearly complete colony; USNM 1116869 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-124.935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -124.935/lat 48.3007)">British</a> Colombia, Canada, North Pacific Ocean, 48.3007°N 124.935°W, depth 227.9 m, Deep Sea Coral and Sponge Habitat Expedition, cruise 958, st. 132, ROV Ropos, 1 June 2006 .</p><p>Description. ZIN 11678 are two fragments of a colony (Figure 9a). The polyps are arranged spirally around the branches, they are about 5 mm high and 2 mm wide. Tentacles without sclerites. Polyps with spindles and clubs, up to 0.35 mm long, with simple tubercles (Figure 10a). The clubs with very spiny heads. The coenenchyme with capstans, small spindles and crosses, up to 0.12 mm long, with simple tubercles (Figure 10 b–c).</p><p>Colour. The fragments are brown and the sclerites are colorless.</p><p>Distribution. Sea of Japan in 832– 736 m, Sea of Okhotsk in 580–1000 m, Bering Sea - 280 m, West coast of North-American continent, NE Pacific in 227.9 m (Figure 1c).</p><p>Remarks. The long spiny clubs of the polyps of this species are unique in the genus Calcigorgia . USNM 1116869, the only examined material from the NE Pacific, has well developed more foliate clubs (Figure 11b), the other sclerites are typical C. japonica except for some flattened rods and spindles (Figure 11a, c). USNM 100816 has immature clubs (Figure 12a) and most of the sclerites are larger than in the other specimens (Figure 12). Specimens of C. japonica, previously known from only a single fragment, from the Sea of Japan (Dautova, 2007), from four localities of Sea of Okhotsk, with depth range 580–1000 m, two localities in Bering Sea, up to 280 m deep, and one locality on the west coast of the North-American continent, in 227.9 m, extend the distribution range of the species.</p><p>We here present the nearly complete colony of USNM1006154 from the West Bering Sea (Figure 9b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF9DA220FF65F8DA6746FEA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF98A23FFF65FF6B663FFEA2.text	038CDB21FF98A23FFF65FF6B663FFEA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia matua Dautova 2018	<div><p>Calcigorgia matua Dautova, 2018</p><p>Figures 1c, 2b, 13</p><p>Calcigorgia matua Dautova, 2018: 3 (48°01'N, 153°22.03'E, east of Matua Is., 300 m dredged, 20 August 1987, coll. S. Grebelnyi leg.).</p><p>Material examined. ZIN 11664, Skaly Lovushki I., Sea of Okhotsk, 48°02'17N 154°24'05E, depth 580 m, bottom: sand with gravel, ship “ Odissey ” Cruise, small dredge, coll. Boris Sirenko, 3 August 1984 ; ZIN 11659, Ketoi I., Sea of Okhotsk, 47°12'8N 152°38'1E, depth 900 m, bottom: pebbles, ship “ Odissey ” Cruise 34, St. 27, small dredge, coll. Mikhail Kolesnikov and Vyacheslav Bizikov, 10 January 1985 ; ZIN 11665, Skaly Lovushki I., Sea of Okhotsk, 48°02'17N 154°24'05E, depth 580 m, bottom: stones, gravel, ship “ Odissey ” st. 18, small dredge, coll. Boris Sirenko and Mikhail Kokesnikov, 3 August1984 ; ZIN 11670, same data as ZIN 11665; USNM 1006226, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8925" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.336/lat 51.8925)">Semisopochnoi Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8925" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.336/lat 51.8925)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, West Bering Sea, 51.8925°N 179.336°E, coll. Slear, J., 21 November 2000 .</p><p>Description. ZIN 11664 is 10 cm high and 5 cm wide (Figure 2b). The stem is 1.5 cm long and about 3 mm wide. Regular lateral branching forms the colony, with branches 2 mm wide. The cylindrical polyps are arranged spirally around the branches, they are about 2–3 mm high and 1 mm wide. Tentacles with scales, up to 0.12 mm long, with a few simple tubercles (Figure 13a). Polyps with small clubs, up to 0.10 mm long, with simple tubercles (Figure 13b). Coenenchyme with capstans, small spindles and cylinders, up to 0.12 mm long, with simple or complex tubercles (Figure 13c). A few crosses are also present (Figure 13d).</p><p>Distribution. Sea of Okhotsk in 300 (Dautova 2018)— 900 m; West of Bering Sea (western Aleutian Islands) (Figure 1c).</p><p>Remarks. Calcigorgia matua mostly resembles C. beringi sp. n. but has very short distinct clubs in the polyps which are lacking in C. beringi . Their distribution overlap in the West Bering Sea, but C. matua also occurs in the Sea of Okhotsk while C. beringi is only recorded from the western Aleutian Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF98A23FFF65FF6B663FFEA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF86A23FFF65FE6F606CFB21.text	038CDB21FF86A23FFF65FE6F606CFB21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia pacifica Matsumoto & Van Ofwegen & Bayer 2019	<div><p>Calcigorgia pacifica sp. n.</p><p>Figures 1b, 14a, 15</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ BF134333-A7B7-497A-8740-5B82E34AFB89</p><p>Material examined. Holotype RMNH Coel. 42108 (AKM959-1), Shima Spur, 34°00.72'N, 136°53.28'E, depth 789– 781 m, R/ V Tansei-maru, KT 08-3 cruise, 4 March 2008; paratypes: RMNH Coel. 42109 (AKM959-2), same data as holotype; RMNH Coel. 42143 (AKM310), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.79648&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.06365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.79648/lat 34.06365)">Sagami Bay</a>, 33°28.6N– 33°28.9N, 139°41.6E– 139°41.4E, depth 445–547 m, R/ V Shinyo-maru, KS 03, St. 22, coll. A.K. Matsumoto, 21 October, 2003. RMNH Coel. 42144 (AKM319), Sagami Bay, 33°28.8N– 33°29.5N, 139°42.7E– 139°42.6E, depth 512–600m, R/ V Shinyo-maru, KS 03, St. 25, coll. A.K. Matsumoto, 21 October, 2003; other material: NSMT-Co1431, 2nd Tenryu Sea Knoll, 34°03.819'N, 137°47.789'E, depth 692 m, dive 2K#1377, 8 August 2002 (fragment of JAMSTEC No. 52548).</p><p>Description. The holotype is 6.5 cm wide and 4.5 cm high (Figure 14a). The stem is 1 cm long and about 1 mm wide; the holdfast is missing. Regular, lateral branching forms the colony, with branches thread-like, less than a mm wide. The brown axis is visible through the thin coenenchyme. The polyps are arranged spirally around the branches, they are about two mm high and one mm wide. Tentacles with a few scales, up to 0.05 mm long, with a few simple tubercles (Figure 15a). Polyps with spindles (Figure 15b) and clubs (Figure 15c), up to 0.20 mm long, with simple tubercles. Coenenchyme with capstans, small spindles (Figure 15d) and small clubs (Figure 15e), 0.05–0.10 mm long, with simple tubercles.</p><p>Colour. Brownish. Live colour of polyps and tissue pink.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the Pacific Ocean because all specimens were found along the Pacific coast of Japan.</p><p>Distribution. Pacific side of Japan: Shima Spur, Tenryu Sea Knoll in 445–789 m (Figure 1b).</p><p>Remarks. The species mostly resembles Calcigorgia gracilis sp. n. but the latter species lacks smaller clubs in the coenenchyme of the branches.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF86A23FFF65FE6F606CFB21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
038CDB21FF86A23BFF65FAF76716FEFF.text	038CDB21FF86A23BFF65FAF76716FEFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calcigorgia spiculifera Broch 1935	<div><p>Calcigorgia spiculifera Broch, 1935</p><p>Figures 1d, 14 b–c, 16–20</p><p>Calcigorgia spiculifera Broch, 1935: 22; 1940: 11.(54°36'N, 143°48'E, Sea of Okhotsk, 165 m deep, «Ara» Trawl 27-1, Silty sand, Otter trawl, 8–9 Sep.1932, collector: P. Yu. Shmidt)</p><p>Calcigorgia spiculifera; Sanchez and Cairns 2004: 270.</p><p>Calcigorgia simushiri, Dautova 2018: 9 . (46°46'41”N, 151°55'23”E, East of Simushir I., Sea of Okhotsk, 200 m deep, “Tikhookeansky”, deredged, 16 Aug. 1987, S. Grebelnyi leg.)</p><p>? Calcigorgia spiculifera, Dautova 2018: 11 . (47°25'N, 152°42'E, Rikord Strait, Sea of Okhotsk, 440 m deep, RV”Oparin”, trawled, 1 Jul.1988, coll. Gruzov)</p><p>Material examined. Identified as C. spiculifera by Bayer: USNM 1012500; neotype, NE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-169.6845&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.1945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -169.6845/lat 53.1945)">Islands of Four Mountains</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea: 53°11.67'N 169°41.07'W, depth 431 m, bottom temp, 3.6°C, F/ N Vesteraalen cruise 94-1, haul 44, 11 June 1994 , one nearly complete colony, (USNM-SEM Stub 2 539); USNM 8849, Gull Island, Akutan Pass, Fox Islands, Aleutian Islands, East Bering Sea, U.S. Coast Survey, coll. Dall, William Healey, dry ; USNM 75091, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-127.47&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.87" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -127.47/lat 50.87)">Queen Charlotte Strait</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-127.47&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.87" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -127.47/lat 50.87)">Near</a> N End Of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 50.87°N, 127.47°W, depth 30 to 50 m, scuba, coll. McDaniel, N. 1983 ; USNM 82124, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-168.795&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.8761" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -168.795/lat 52.8761)">South of Umnak Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-168.795&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.8761" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -168.795/lat 52.8761)">Fox Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 52.8761°N, 168.795°W, depth 86 m, R/ V Miller Freeman cruise802,VH-80- 30, 5 August 1980 ; USNM 100735, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=178.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.449665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 178.61/lat 51.449665)">Tanaga Pass</a>, between <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=178.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.449665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 178.61/lat 51.449665)">Ulak</a> and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=178.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.449665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 178.61/lat 51.449665)">Ilak</a> I, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=178.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.449665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 178.61/lat 51.449665)">Andreanof Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51°26.98'N, 178°36.6'E, depth 393 m, bottom temp. 3.7°C, R/ V Pacific Knight, cruise 94-1, haul 161, 18 July 1994 ; USNM 100805, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-172.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.28" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -172.3/lat 52.28)">Aleutian Islands</a>, Near Islands, SW of Attu I., Bering Sea, 52.28°N, 172.30°W, depth 234 m, R/ V Starlight, 84-1, haul 36, 13 July 1984 , Two colonies, 1 large in alc (USNM-SEM Stub 2 534) ; USNM 100807, Amatignak Island, Delarof Islands, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51°N, 179°W, R/ V Pacific Knight, cruise 941, haul 161, 18 July 1994 ; USNM 1006141, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-169.788&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.6326" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -169.788/lat 52.6326)">Umnak Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-169.788&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.6326" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -169.788/lat 52.6326)">Fox Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 52.6326°N, 169.788°W, depth 79 to 80 m, R/ V Vesteraalen , NOAA Expedition 2001, haul 3 #6, snail bag, coll. Lindner, A. 21 May 2001 ; USNM 1011013, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.42" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.3/lat 51.42)">Kirilof Point</a>, near tip of point, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.42" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.3/lat 51.42)">Amchitka Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.42" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.3/lat 51.42)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.42°N, 179.3°E, depth to 24 m , AB80-26, Scuba, vertical bedrock wall, coll. Barr, L. &amp; Mercier, J., 2 June 1974 ; USNM 1011026, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-134.64&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -134.64/lat 56.39)">Alex's Grotto</a>, gorgonian growth study site, Little Port Walter Light, Southeast Alaska, 56.39°N, 134.64°W, depth 290 m, John N. Cobb R /V , AB99-15, Scuba, coll. Stone, R. 2 June 1999 ; USNM 1011027, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-134.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -134.95/lat 57.81)">East Point</a>, gorgonian growth study site, Tenakee Inlet, Southeast Alaska), 57.81°N, 134.95°W, depth 21 m, John N. Cobb R /V , AB99-14, Scuba, coll. Stone, R. 1 June 1999 ; USNM 1011029, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-135.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.42" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -135.61/lat 57.42)">Peril Strait</a>, Liesnoi Island, Southeast Alaska, 57.42°N, 135.61°W depth 15 m , AB70-99, Scuba, coll. Ellis, Williamson, Hoopes, &amp; Barr, 1 July 1970 ; USNM 1011030, Little <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-134.64&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -134.64/lat 56.39)">Port Walter</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-134.64&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -134.64/lat 56.39)">Baranof Island</a>, Alexander Archipelago, Southeast Alaska, 56.39°N, 134.64°W, depth 11 m , AB62-172, Scuba, coll. Guost, J. G. 8 May 1962 ; USNM1011091, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.2243" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.888/lat 52.2243)">Semisopochnoi Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.2243" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.888/lat 52.2243)">Petrel Bank</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.2243" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.888/lat 52.2243)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 52.2243°N, 179.888°W, depth to 40 m, Delta DSR/V, Submersible Dive 5604 , AB02-121, sample #27 &amp; 28; coll. Malecha, P. 16 July 2002; USNM1011092, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.189&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8864" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.189/lat 51.8864)">Adak Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.189&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8864" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.189/lat 51.8864)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.8864°N, 176.189°W, depth to 54 m, Delta DSR/V, Submersible Dive 5515 , AB02-136, sample #57, coll. Stone, R. 22 July 2002; other material: USNM 60278, no data; USNM 80949, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-165.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.2458" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -165.689/lat 54.2458)">Off</a> N <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-165.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.2458" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -165.689/lat 54.2458)">Coast</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-165.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.2458" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -165.689/lat 54.2458)">Akun Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-165.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.2458" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -165.689/lat 54.2458)">Fox Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 54.2458°N, 165.689°W, depth 40 m, coll. Viada, S. T., 1 August 1985 ; USNM 100777, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.23" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.2/lat 51.23)">Amchitka Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.23" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.2/lat 51.23)">Rat Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.23°N, 179.2°E, cruise 861, Trawl—Noreast, haul 52, 17 August 1986 ; USNM 100809, SE of Kagalaska I., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.22&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.654667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.22/lat 51.654667)">Andreanof Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51°39.28’N, 176°13.2W, depth 216 m, bottom temp. 4.4 °C, F/ V Pacific Knight cruise 94-1, haul 153, 12 July 1994 ; USNM 1006139, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-167.14&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.1439" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -167.14/lat 53.1439)">Unalaska Island</a>, Fox Islands, Aleutian Islands, 53.1439°N, 167.14°W, depth to 107 m, R/ V Vesteraalen , NOAA Expedition 2001, snail bag, haul 7 #1, coll. Lindner, A. 22 May 2001 ; USNM 1136483, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.752&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.7064" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.752/lat 51.7064)">Queen Charolette Sound</a>, British Columbia, 51.7064°N, 130.752°W, depth to 284 m, coll. Driscoll, John, 11 June 2009 ; USNM 1011072, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-136.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.86" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -136.46/lat 57.86)">Lisianski Strait</a>, 50 yards from shore, Gulf of Alaska, 57.86°N, 136.46°W, depth 10 m , AB77-72, Scuba, coll. Carlson, H. R. 17 July 1977 ; USNM 1011273, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.328&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.6427" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.328/lat 51.6427)">Adak Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.328&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.6427" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.328/lat 51.6427)">Beyer Bay</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.328&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.6427" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.328/lat 51.6427)">Andreanof Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.6427°N, 176.328°W, depth to 24 m, R/ V Velero IV, AB02-133, sample #52, 53, Scuba, coll. Stone, R., Malecha, P., Courtney, D. 21 July 2002 , dry; USNM 1011275, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.189&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8845" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.189/lat 51.8845)">Little Tanaga Pass</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-176.189&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.8845" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -176.189/lat 51.8845)">Andreanof Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.8845°N, 176.189°W, depth to 52 m, Delta DSR/V, Submersible Dive 5515 , AB02-139, sample #59, coll. Stone, R. 22 July 2002; USNM 1092786, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-135.121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.1781" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -135.121/lat 56.1781)">Baranof Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-135.121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.1781" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -135.121/lat 56.1781)">Cape Ommaney</a>, Alexander Archipelago, Gulf of Alaska, 56.1781°N, 135.121°W, depth 244 m, R/ V Velero IV, St.Ommaney 4, submersible, coll. Stone, R., 19 August 2005 ; USNM 1133587, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-173.946&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.9716" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -173.946/lat 51.9716)">South of Amilia Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-173.946&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.9716" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -173.946/lat 51.9716)">Andreanof Islands</a>, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea, 51.9716°N, 173.946°W, depth to 96 m, Delta DSR/V, st. 6224, submersible, 6 July 2004 .</p><p>Description (after the manuscript of Bayer). Branching is a mixture of openly lateral and irregularly dichotomous. There is a strong tendency to branch in one plane so the colonies are more or less flabellate, but in some cases major branches conspicuously diverge, probably in response to local environmental conditions, and colonies then have a more or less compressed, bushy aspect. The cylindrical polyps are up to 3 mm tall and 1.6 mm wide.</p><p>The sclerites conform with those of the type as far as illustrated by Broch (1935), differing somewhat in size as can be expected. The polyps are armed with tuberculate spindles that may be more or less club-like, the smaller ones up to about 0.18 mm in length, the longer about 0.3 mm (Figure 16a) but intergrading with the spindles of the polyp body (Figure 16b), which reach a length of 0.36 mm, sometimes slightly longer. The coenenchyme contains small capstans, double heads, and cylinders 0.07–0.11 mm in length, with indistinct waist intergrading with belted spindles reaching lengths of 0.12–0.15 mm (Figure 17a), together with a few crosses and irregular forms (Figure 16c, 17b).</p><p>Colour. All sclerites are colorless.</p><p>Distribution. Okhotsk Sea in 150–165 m, eastward through the Aleutian Islands, 4–435 m, NE Pacific (Figure 1d).</p><p>Remarks. The type described by Broch (1935) seems to be missing in the University of Oslo, Norway or ZIN, St. Petersburg, Russia, but the USNM has a large number of specimens identified as C. spiculifera with characters matching the description of Broch.</p><p>Bayer’s USNM-SEM 2539 stub used for showing complete polyps was taken from USNM 101 2500 (Figures 14b, 18), and Bayer’s USNM-SEM 2534 stub was taken from USNM 100805 (Figures 16–17). USNM 1012500 has been chosen as the neotype. The materials examined by Bayer were collected during NOAA Fishers bottom trawl surveys in the Aleutioan Islands of Alaska and sent by Dr.Wing to Bayer in the 1990s (personal comm. Dr. Robert Stone, NOAA Fisheries 2018.2.21).</p><p>Bayer mentioned that Broch’s original specimen obviously was a small colony dichotomously branched, but with only a single bifurcation that did not provide any idea of the branching of fully developed colonies. The specimens that Bayer examined agree so closely with Broch’s description of the holotype in regard to morphological details that there can be no doubt about their conspecificity. He mentioned all are fully developed colonies that show the mature branching pattern lacking in the type. The colony of USNM1133587 is unbranched and the shape looks similar to Broch’s description (Figure 14c). This also could be an small colony but it has developed sclerites (Figure 19).</p><p>The clubs are not always as long as mentioned above, USNM 1011030 has typical sclerites such as SEM 2534 (Figure 16–17) though it has rather smaller clubs up to only 0.15 mm long (Figure 20) obscuring the difference with C. beringi .</p><p>The species differs from all others in having polyp spindles and club-like sclerites instead of real clubs. Bayer mentioned that C. beringi has a more slender colonial form than C. spiculifera . C. beringi and C. spiculifera have been collected at the same locality in the Bering Sea showing that they share a similar habitat (Figure 1a, d). The sclerites shown by Dautova (2018: Figure 7–13) for C. simushiri hardly differ from C. spiculifera (see discussion). Therefore we here synonymize C. simushiri with C. spiculifera . The information about the specimen identified as C. spiculifera in Dautova (2018) is not adequate to make a decision about what species that actually was. The locality of C. Simushiri in Dautova (2018) are mostly the same as C.spiculifera in Dautova (2018) (Figure 1d).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CDB21FF86A23BFF65FAF76716FEFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Matsumoto, Asako K.;Van Ofwegen, Leen P.;Bayer, Frederick M.	Matsumoto, Asako K., Van Ofwegen, Leen P., Bayer, Frederick M. (2019): A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species. Zootaxa 4571 (1): 1-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.1
