identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038D87E1F754FFABA00BFB47E6B4F965.text	038D87E1F754FFABA00BFB47E6B4F965.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fistulipora M'Coy 1849	<div><p>Genus Fistulipora M’Coy, 1849</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Fistulipora minor M’Coy, 1849. Carboniferous; England.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Massive, encrusting or ramose colonies. Cylindrical autozooecia with thin walls and complete diaphragms. Apertures rounded, possessing horseshoe-shaped lunaria. Autozooecia separated by the extrazooidal vesicular skeleton.</p> <p>COMPARISON. — Fistulipora M’Coy, 1849 differs from Eridopora Ulrich, 1882 in having rounded, horseshoe-shaped lunaria instead of triangular ones. Furthermore, Eridopora develops persistently encrusting colonies, whereas Fistulipora may also develop massive and branched colonies. Fistulipora differs from Dybowskiella Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886 in the shape of lunaria, whose ends does not inflect autozooecial chambers.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Ordovician to Permian; worldwide.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F754FFABA00BFB47E6B4F965	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F754FFA8A002F8A2E4FFFE09.text	038D87E1F754FFA8A002F8A2E4FFFE09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fistulipora tolokonnikovae Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Fistulipora tolokonnikovae n. sp.</p> <p>(Fig. 5 A-E; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species is named in honour of Zoya Tolokonnikova, who has contributed significantly to the study of Devonian and Carboniferous bryozoans.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 23.110.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 23.111, TCD.60333, 60335, 60345.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Thin to moderately thick encrusting colonies, partly multilayered; apertures large, with well developed lunaria; vesicles small to large, 9-17 surrounding each autozooecial aperture; maculae present, consisting of vesicular skeleton.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting, partly multilayered colony, 2.34-2.73 mm thick. Separate sheets in multilayered colony 0.87-1.53 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms rare to common, straight, thin, 2-5 in each autozooecium, concentrated usually in proximal parts of autozooecia. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria well-developed, rounded; ends of lunaria not indenting autozooecia. Vesicles small to large, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 9-17 surrounding each autozooecial aperture, with rounded to flat roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.010 -0.015 mm thick. Maculae 1.25-1.63 mm in diameter, spaced 7.6-8.4 mm from centre to centre, consisting of vesicular skeleton.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Fistulipora tolokonnikovae n. sp. is similar to Fistulipora djebaglinica Nikiforova, 1933 from the Mississippian of Turkestan, but differs from it in larger autozooecial apertures (aperture width 0.36-0.55 mm vs 0.25-0.28 mm in F. djebaglinica). Fistulipora tolokonnikovae differs from F. monoseriata Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 from the Lower Carboniferous of Russia in arrangement of vesicles in 1-2 rows between autozooecia instead of 1 row in the latter species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F754FFA8A002F8A2E4FFFE09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F757FFA8A001FE45E197F855.text	038D87E1F757FFA8A001FE45E197F855.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fistulipora prolifica Ulrich 1884	<div><p>Fistulipora prolifica Ulrich, 1884</p> <p>(Figs 6 A-D; 7A, B; Appendix)</p> <p>Fistulipora prolifica Ulrich, 1884: 45, 46, pl. 3, fig. 2, 2a. — Trizna 1958: 41, 42, pl. 3, figs 5, 6.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 23.112- SMF 23.118 (thin sections); SMF 23.119 (free colony).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); USA (Kentucky). Carboniferous, lower Visean; Kuznets Basin, Russia. Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting, multilayered colony. Separate sheets in multilayered colony 1.05-4.30 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending at their bases towards the colony surface. Basal diaphragms common to abundant, often inclined, concentrated usually in proximal parts of autozooecia. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria weakly developed. Vesicles moderately large, separating autozooecia usually in a single row, locally in 2 rows, 6-10 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded to flat roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.010 -0.015 mm thick. Maculae present, consisting of vesicular skeleton, 0.9-2.4 mm in diameter, slightly elevated.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Fistulipora prolifica Ulrich, 1884 differs from F. incrustans (Phillips, 1836) from the Mississippian of British Isles in larger autozooecial apertures (average aperture width 0.39 mm vs 0.32 mm in F. incrustans). Fistulipora prolifica differs from F. parvilabrum Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 in larger and widely spaced autozooecial apertures (average autozooecial width 0.39 mm vs 0.29 mm in F. parvilabrum; average autozooecial spacing 0.74 mm vs 0.56 mm in F. parvilabrum).</p> <p>Fistulipora cf. tubulosa Nikiforova, 1933 (Fig. 7 C-F; Appendix)</p> <p>Fistulipora tubulosa Nikiforova, 1933: 6, pl. 1, figs 6, 7; 1948: 9, 10, pl. 1, figs 1, 2. — Nekhoroshev 1956: 9, 10, pl. 1, figs 1, 2. — Trizna 1958: 36, 37, pl. 1, figs 1-5.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 23.120- SMF 23.130, TCD.60337.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting colony, 1.5-2.3 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms absent or common, up to 5 in autozooecia, thin, concentrated usually in proximal parts of autozooecia. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria well-developed, triangular to horseshoe-shaped; ends of lunaria not indenting autozooecia.Vesicles moderately large, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 7-14 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.010 -0.015 mm thick. Maculae present, consisting of vesicular skeleton.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The present species is similar to Fistulipora tubulosa Nikiforova, 1933 from the Lower Carboniferous of Kazakhstan and Russia. The only difference is that the species from Montagne Noire was not found to produce a tubular colony like in previous records. However, tubular colonies are usually produced by encrusting of ephemeral substrates, which decay after death, and so such colonies are potentially encrusting also other kinds of substrate. Fistulipora tubulosa Nikiforova, 1933 described by Nikiforova (1948) (this work was finished by Nekhoroshev) has unusually small and abundant vesicles, 15-17 surrounding each autozooecial aperture (vs 7-14 in present material and 9-12 in the holotype). Fistulipora tubulosa is similar to F.djebaglinica Nikiforova, 1933 from the Mississippian of Turkestan, but differs from it in larger autozooecial apertures (aperture width 0.24-0.43 mm vs 0.25-0.28 mm in F. djebaglinica).</p> <p>Fistulipora parvilabrum Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 (Fig. 8 A-C; Appendix)</p> <p>Fistulipora parvilabrum Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955: 61-64, pl. 2, figs 1, 2.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.770- SMF 21.772, TCD.60333, 60338, 60345.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Russia. Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting to submassive colony, 1.56-3.35 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms common, 4-6 in each autozooecium, concentrated usually in proximal parts of autozooecia. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria well-developed, horseshoe-shaped; ends of lunaria not indenting autozooecia. Vesicles moderately large, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 7-11 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.005 -0.010 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Fistulipora parvilabrum Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 differs from F.incrustans (Phillips, 1836) in smaller autozooecial apertures (average aperture width 0.29 mm vs 0.32 mm in F.incrustans).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F757FFA8A001FE45E197F855	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F759FFA6A2C4FF64E79BFA17.text	038D87E1F759FFA6A2C4FF64E79BFA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dybowskiella rotunda Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Dybowskiella rotunda n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 8G, 9 A-C; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the rounded shape of apertures and lunaria (from Latin “ rotundus ” – rounded).</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.777.</p> <p>PARATYPE. — SMF 21.778- SMF 21.780.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Moderately thick encrusting colonies; apertures large, with well developed rounded lunaria; autozooecial diaphragms common to abundant; vesicles large, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 6-10 surrounding each autozooecial aperture.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting colony, 0.9-2.9 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms straight or slightly inclined, common to abundant, 2-7 in each autozooecium. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria well-developed, rounded, rounded; ends of lunaria indenting deeply autozooecia. Vesicles large, irregular, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 6-10 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.010 -0.015 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Dybowskiella rotunda n. sp. differs from Dybowskiella piriforme n. sp. in larger autozooecial apertures (average aperture width 0.34 mm vs 0.21 mm in D. piriforme) and in presence of diaphragms. Dybowskiella rotunda n. sp. differs from D. regularis Perry &amp; Gutschick, 1959 from the Amsden Formation (Late Mississippian) of Montana, USA, in larger apertures, larger vesicles and smaller number of vesicles around autozooecial apertures (6-10 vs 11-13 in D. regularis).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F759FFA6A2C4FF64E79BFA17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F759FFA6A1D8FA80E509F855.text	038D87E1F759FFA6A1D8FA80E509F855.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dybowskiella Waagen & Wentzel 1886	<div><p>Genus Dybowskiella Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Dybowskiella grandis Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886 by original designation. Permian; India.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Middle Devonian – Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Ramose, hollow ramose, massive, or encrusting colonies. Autozooecia cylindrical, subcircular in transverse section of endozone, having rounded apertures, isolated by abundant polygonal vesicles. Basal diaphragms thin, straight or curved. Lunaria horseshoe-shaped, present in endozone and exozone; ends of lunaria inflect into autozooecial chamber. Autozooecial walls with granular boundary and light-coloured granular-prismatic cortex. Vesicular skeleton in endozone and exozone. Vesicles subrectangular with flat to slightly curved roofs. Small acanthostyles or tubuli in exterior stereom present. Monticules elevated or flat, with central cluster of vesicles surrounded by larger autozooecia in radial arrangement.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Dybowskiella Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886 differs from Fistulipora M’Coy, 1849 in the shape of lunaria, which ends inflect autozooecial chambers. Dybowskiella differs from Eridopora Ulrich, 1882 in having horseshoe-shaped lunaria instead of triangular ones.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F759FFA6A1D8FA80E509F855	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F759FFA6A035FF64E501FB57.text	038D87E1F759FFA6A035FF64E501FB57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fistulipora sana Trizna 1958	<div><p>Fistulipora sana Trizna, 1958</p> <p>(Fig. 8 D-F; Appendix)</p> <p>Fistulipora sana Trizna, 1958: 41-42, pl. 3, figs 5-6. — Lu, Xia &amp; Li, 1978: 327, pl. 1, figs 17-18. — Gorjunova &amp; Morozova, 1979: 31, pl. 1, Fig. 1.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.773- SMF 21.776.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Russia (Siberia), Mongolia. Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean), Coahai Formation; Weining, western Guizhou, China.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting colony, 0.60-0.78 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms rare to absent, straight, thin.Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria weakly developed, horseshoe-shaped; ends of lunaria not indenting autozooecia. Vesicles small, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 8-13 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.005 -0.015 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Fistulipora sana Trizna, 1958 differs from F. parvilabrum Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 in smaller distances between autozooecial apertures (averagely 0.40 mm vs 0.56 mm in F. parvilabrum), and smaller and more abundant vesicles. Fistulipora sana differs from F. taidonensis Trizna, 1958 from the Visean of Siberia in larger autozooecial apertures (aperture width 0.19-0.32 mm vs 0.18-0.20 mm in F. taidonensis).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F759FFA6A035FF64E501FB57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F759FFA4A2DFFA41E57BFC36.text	038D87E1F759FFA4A2DFFA41E57BFC36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dybowskiella piriforme Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Dybowskiella piriforme n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 9 D-F; 10A-D; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the pear-shaped apertures of this species.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.781.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.782- SMF 21.793, TCD.60336.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colony in form of hemispheric or globular masses; apertures small, with well-developed long lunaria; lunaria with 3-5 styles; basal diaphragms absent; vesicles small to large, separating autozooecia in a single row, 5-9 surrounding each autozooecia aperture. DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting colony forming usually hemispheric to globular masses, 0.9-1.5 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, often for long distances parallel to substrate, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms absent. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria large, long, thick, containing 3-5 styles; lunarial styles 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter; ends of lunaria indenting autozooecia. Vesicles small to large, separating autozooecia in a single row, 5-9 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded to flat roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.005 -0.010 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Dybowskiella piriforme n. sp. differs from D. lebedevi Nikiforova, 1927 from the Lower Carboniferous of Ukraine in smaller autozooecial apertures (0.17-0.25 mm vs 0.30-0.35 mm in D. lebedevi). Furthermore, Fistulipora elegans Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 from the Moscovian of the Russian Platform is similar to the present species. However, F. elegans has larger und thicker lunaria.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F759FFA4A2DFFA41E57BFC36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75BFFA4A055FA41E172FC16.text	038D87E1F75BFFA4A055FA41E172FC16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eridopora suarezi Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Eridopora suarezi n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 10E, F; 11A; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species is named in honour of Juan Luis Suárez Andrés in acknowledgment of his studies of Palaeozoic bryozoans of Spain.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.794.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.795- SMF 21.801, TCD.60338, 60345.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Thin to moderately thick encrusting colonies; apertures moderate in size, with large triangular lunaria; vesicles large, 6-11 surrounding each autozooecial aperture; maculae present, consisting of vesicular skeleton.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting colony, 0.42-3.35 mm thick. Autozooecia growing from thin epitheca, bending in the early exozone to the colony surface. Basal diaphragms rare. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria well-developed, triangular; ends of lunaria not indenting autozooecia. Vesicles small to large, separating autozooecia in 1-2 rows, 6-11 surrounding each autozooecia aperture, with rounded roofs, polygonal in tangential section. Autozooecial walls granular prismatic, 0.005 -0.010 mm thick. Maculae consisting of vesicular skeleton, slightly elevated, 1.0- 1.2 mm in diameter, surrounded by larger autozooecia with lunaria directed to the centre of the macula.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The present material is similar to Eridopora macrostoma Ulrich, 1882 from the Mississippian of USA and the British Isles. However, it differs in larger vesicles and in smaller apertures (average aperture width 0.32 mm vs 0.39 mm (Bancroft 1986) to 0.41 mm (McKinney 1972) in E. macrostoma).</p> <p>Suborder HEXAGONELLINA Morozova, 1970 Family HEXAGONELLIDAE Crockford, 1947</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75BFFA4A055FA41E172FC16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75BFFA4A033FC66E623FA14.text	038D87E1F75BFFA4A033FC66E623FA14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eridopora Ulrich 1882	<div><p>Genus Eridopora Ulrich, 1882</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Eridopora macrostoma Ulrich, 1882 by original designation. Lower Carboniferous; North America.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Thin encrusting colonies. Oval apertures with strongly developed lunaria of distinct triangular shape. Cylindrical autozooecia with thin walls and complete diaphragms.</p> <p>Vesicular skeleton consists of angular vesicles.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Devonian to Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Eridopora Ulrich, 1882 differs from Fistulipora M’Coy, 1849 and Dybowskiella Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886 in having large triangular lunaria instead of horseshoe-shaped ones, and predominantly encrusting colonies.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75BFFA4A033FC66E623FA14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75BFFA4A2ACFC66E197F895.text	038D87E1F75BFFA4A2ACFC66E197F895.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volgia Stuckenberg 1905	<div><p>Genus Volgia Stuckenberg, 1905</p> <p>Ramiporina Schulga-Nesterenko, 1933: 40.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Coscinium arborescens Stuckenberg, 1895, by original designation. Pennsylvanian; Russia.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colony consisting of erect bifoliate lobes, with secondary branches diverging at right angles in crucifix-shaped pattern. Mesotheca with a dark and thin middle layer and two light and thick outer layers, containing median tubuli and longitudinal ridges parallel to growth direction. Autozooecia recumbent on the mesotheca or epitheca for a long distance, then bending upwards abruptly or gently, intersecting the surface almost perpendicularly. Hemisepta absent. Thin, complete diaphragms in autozooecia, common to abundant. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval, with thick peristomes. Lunaria obscure. Autozooecia separated by vesicular skeleton in endozone and by thick stereom in exozone. Microacanthostyles (tubuli) in stereom. Maculae lacking.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous; Russia, Germany, France.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Volgia Stuckenberg, 1905 differs from Prismopora Hall, 1883 in colony shape (branched with crucifix-pattern of branch diversion versus trifoliate, irregularly branching in Prismopora), as well as in absence of hemisepta. Volgia differs in colony shape from Glyptopora Ulrich, 1884 (radially trifurcating and fused together branches which form a honeycomb-shaped structure), and from Evactinopora Meek &amp; Worthen, 1865 (multifoliate colony consisting of 4-8 vertical bifoliate branches radiating from centre).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75BFFA4A2ACFC66E197F895	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75BFFA0A510F8C2E5CAF852.text	038D87E1F75BFFA0A510F8C2E5CAF852.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volgia deftera Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Volgia deftera n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 11 B-F; 12A-F; Appendix)</p> <p>Evactinopora sp. – Ernst 2005: 51, fig. 1C-E, G. ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the being the second known species of the genus (from Greek “ defteros ” – the second).</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.802.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.803- SMF 21.814.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Crucifix-shaped colonies with relatively thick branches; mesotheca with median tubuli and longitudinal ridges parallel to growth direction; thin complete diaphragms occasionally present; hemisepta absent; lunaria weakly developed, irregularly horseshoeshaped; vesicles moderately large, polygonal in tangential section, with rounded roofs, arranged in 1-2 rows between autozooecia, 10-12 surrounding each autozooecial aperture; stereom thick, consisting of laminated material, completely separating autozooecia in exozone, containing abundant tubules; metazooecia (? exozonal tubes) locally abundant, flask-shaped, restricted to stereom; maculae lacking.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION Colony consisting of erect bifoliate lobes, with secondary branches diverging at right angles in crucifix-shaped pattern. Branches 3.30-3.35 mm wide and 1.44-2.10 mm thick. Mesotheca 0.010 -0.015 mm thick, with a dark and thin middle layer and two light and thick outer layers, containing median tubuli and longitudinal ridges parallel to growth direction. Median tubuli 0.015 -0.020 mm in diameter consisting of hyaline calcite, rounded in transverse section, developing short and densely spaced lateral projections (Fig. 12A, B). Autozooecia recumbent on the mesotheca or epitheca for a relatively long distance, then bending upwards abruptly, intersecting the surface almost perpendicularly. Thin, complete diaphragms in autozooecia occasionally present. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval. Lunaria weakly developed, irregularly horseshoe-shaped.Vesicular skeleton well developed, covered in exozone by thick stereom. Vesicles moderately large, polygonal in tangential section, with rounded roofs, arranged in 1-2 rows between autozooecia, 10-12 surrounding each autozooecial aperture. Stereom thick, consisting of laminated material, completely separating autozooecia in exozone, containing abundant tubules. Tubules 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter, with hyaline cores and narrow laminated sheaths. Indistinct maculae consisting of stereom and metazooecia (exozonal tubes) present. Metazooecia (? exozonal tubes) locally abundant, flask-shaped, restricted to stereom.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The new species differs from Volgia arborescens (Stuckenberg, 1895) by larger autozooecial apertures (0.17-0.29 mm vs 0.14-0.15 mm in Volgia arborescens). Furthermore, no heterozooecia were reported in V. arborescens. Evactionopora sp. (Ernst 2005: 51) from the Mississippian (Visean) of Sauerland (Germany) is placed in the new species. It possesses five rays instead of four. However, that is a result of the bifurcation of one ray. Otherwise, it shows typical crucifix pattern (Ernst 2005, Fig. 1C). That specimen has branches of 4.2-4.6 mm width and 1.5-1.6 mm thickness.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75BFFA0A510F8C2E5CAF852	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75FFFA0A2D5FEA4E12EFB36.text	038D87E1F75FFFA0A2D5FEA4E12EFB36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cystodictya Ulrich 1882	<div><p>Genus Cystodictya Ulrich, 1882</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Cystodictya ocellata Ulrich, 1882 by original designation. Lower Mississippian; Kentucky, USA.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Bifoliate colony, strap-like, branching in plane of mesotheca. Autozooecia with peristomes and lunaria. Ridges between autozooecial rows lacking. Mesotheca thin to moderately thick, indistinctly laminated to granular-prismatic, with low ridges, running parallel to ranges of autozooecia. Autozooecia teardrop-shaped at their basis, quadrate in cross-section; partly isolated by boxlike vesicles; recumbent portion short; blunt proximolateral hemisepta at zooecial bend, indenting zooecial cavity and producing slight hook-shaped appearance of autozooecia in deep tangential section. Diaphragms lacking. Walls laminated; boundary serrated, tubules in cortex. Lunarium in exozone, light colored, laminated, some with core and proximal rib. Compound range walls thin in endozone with dark boundary continuous into dark central layer of mesotheca; thick in exozone with many flexures and irregular tubuli. Vesicles small, boxlike, in endozone; low blisters in inner exozone; stereom in exozone; laminated with tubuli and flexures.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. —Middle Devonian – Upper Carboniferous;worldwide.</p> <p>C OMPARISON</p> <p>Cystodictya Ulrich, 1882 differs from Sulcoretepora d’Orbigny, 1849 by teardrop-shaped apertures, straight mesotheca and autozooecial walls, which are distinctly tripartite in Sulcoretepora and more homogenous in Cystodictya. Furthermore, Cystodictya possesses hemisepta which is absent in Sulcoretepora. Cystodictya differs from Dichotrypa Ulrich in Miller, 1889 by absence of acanthostyles in exterior stereom.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75FFFA0A2D5FEA4E12EFB36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F75FFFBEA2F1FB60E64EFBD7.text	038D87E1F75FFFBEA2F1FB60E64EFBD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cystodictya gallensis Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Cystodictya gallensis n. sp.</p> <p>(Fig. 13 A-H; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name is derived from the Latin Gallia for France.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.815.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.816- SMF 21.823, TCD.60333, 60335, 60336, 60337, 60340, 60341.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Bioliate branches with mesotheca; median tubules absent; autozooecia tubular; diaphragms lacking; blunt proximolateral hemisepta at zooecial bent present; autozooecial apertures circular to oval, arranged in 7-9 alternating rows on the colony surface; lunaria distinct, horseshoe-shaped; vesicular skeleton well developed; vesicles small to moderate in size, partly separating autozooecia in at mesotheca, and completely separated them in exozone in 1-2 rows; stereom thick, containing abundant tubules.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Bifoliate branches, 1.64-2.42 mm wide and 1.23-1.64 mm thick. Mesotheca 0.010 -0.015 mm thick; median tubules absent. Autozooecia tubular, teardrop-shaped at their bases, quadrate in cross-section, recumbent on the mesotheca for a relatively short distance, then bending upwards at low angles in exozone and intersecting the surface almost perpendicularly. Diaphragms lacking; blunt proximolateral hemisepta at zooecial bend present. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval, arranged in 7-9 alternating rows on the colony surface. Lunaria distinct, horseshoe-shaped. Vesicular skeleton well developed, covered in exozone by thick stereom. Vesicles small to moderate in size, polygonal in tangential section, with rounded roofs, partly separating autozooecia in at mesotheca, and completely separated them in exozone in 1-2 rows. Autozooecial walls laminated, with serrated boundaries, 0.005 -0.010 mm thick in endozone. Stereom thick, consisting of laminated material, completely separating autozooecia in exozone, containing abundant tubules. Tubules 0.005 -0.010 mm in diameter.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Cystodictya gallensis resembles C. dichotoma Nikiforova, 1933 from the Mississippian of Turkestan with chambers separated up to two times their diameter by vesicular tissue. However hemisepta are not developed in C. dichotoma and chambers diverge at a higher angle towards the zoarial surface than observed in C. gallensis. Additionally it is similar to C. astrepta Karklins, 1986 from the Late Mississippian of Utah, USA in general form and size, but has significantly more vesicular tissue developed between autozooecial chamber. Comparison with other Cystodictya species shows that C. gallensis is distinctive.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F75FFFBEA2F1FB60E64EFBD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F741FFBEA1EAFB07E183FAF7.text	038D87E1F741FFBEA1EAFB07E183FAF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sulcoretepora d'Orbigny 1849	<div><p>Genus Sulcoretepora d’Orbigny, 1849</p> <p>Arcanopora Vine, 1884: 204.</p> <p>Acanthopora Vine – Morozova 1960: 86 (incorrect subsequent spelling). — Mstania Schulga-Nesterenko 1955: 175.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Flustra ? parallela Phillips, 1836 by original designation. Lower Carboniferous of Whitewell; Yorkshire, England.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colony narrow bifoliate ribbons, dichotomously branched in plane of mesotheca; elongate, rounded autozooecia in ranges, rhombically arranged on lateral sides of branches; lunaria elevated on proximolateral sides of autozooecia; range walls elevated; monticules absent; branch margins narrow, noncelluferous. Mesotheca with dark central layer and laminated outer layers; sharply folded in centre, undulatory near branch margins; median tubules absent. Autozooecia full width and rectangular to parallelogram shaped in deep tangential section; contiguous; alternating across mesotheca. Compound range walls with dark median zone continuous into boundary zone in mesotheca; lateral zones laminated; branched dark zones and tubuli in thickened range walls in exozone. Autozooecia subquadrate to subhemispherical in cross section at mesotheca; angular teardrop shaped in deep tangential section in mid exozone and partially isolated between range walls by small, blisterlike vesicles. Lunaria laminated, indistinct. Vesicles adjacent to mesotheca only at noncelluliferous margins. Stereom laminated with tubules in endozone.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Devonian to Permian, Europe, North America, Asia.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Sulcoretepora d’Orbigny, 1849 differs from Cystodictya Ulrich, 1882 by absence of hemisepta, often plicated and folded mesotheca as well as by distinctly tripartite wall microstructure.</p> <p>Sulcoretepora parallela (Phillips, 1836) (Fig. 14 A-E; Appendix)</p> <p>For synonymy see Wyse Jackson (1996: 158).</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.824- SMF 21.837, TCD.60342.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France), Britain, Ireland.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Branched bifoliate colonies.Branches lens-shaped in transverse section, 0.60-1.08 mm wide and 0.54-0.75 mm thick in the thickest portion of transverse section. Autozooecia short, budding from a straight mesotheca, trapezoid to semicircular in transverse section at their bases, rectangular in deep tangential section, becoming rounded in the exozone. Mesotheca 0.005 - 0.010 mm thick, protruding laterally on both sides of colony. Rare planar diaphragms present in autozooecia. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval, arranged in 3-5 alternating rows on the colony surface. Lunaria obscure. Vesicles few, flat, having rounded roofs,occurring mainly at the base of exozone.Stereom weakly developed, laminated, containing small tubules.Longitudinal crests dividing apertural rows well developed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Sulcoretepora parallela (Phillips, 1836) is similar to S. magnistriata Schulga-Nesterenko,1955 from the Lower Carboniferous of Russia but differs in smaller branch width and thickness, as well as in smaller autozooecial apertures (autozooecial aperture width 0.08-0.13 mm vs 0.10-0.15 mm in S. magnistriata).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F741FFBEA1EAFB07E183FAF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F741FFBCA262FA60E6F5F915.text	038D87E1F741FFBCA262FA60E6F5F915.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ramiporalia Schulga-Nesterenko 1933	<div><p>Genus Ramiporalia Schulga-Nesterenko, 1933</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Ramiporalia dichotoma Schulga-Nesterenko, 1933 by original designation. Lower Permian; Northern Urals.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colonies consisting of bifoliate dichotomous branches. Autozooecia hemispherical in transverse section at mesotheca, growing in two to five rows on each side of the mesotheca. Apertures with lunaria. Thin mesotheca protruding as ridge on the circular reverse side and as sharp keel on peaked obverse side. Thin-walled autozooecia usually separated by vesicular skeleton. Vesicles small in endozone and in inner exozone.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous; Europe, North America, Australia.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Ramiporalia Schulga-Nesterenko, 1933 differs from Goniocladia Etheridge, 1876 in having freely branching colony instead of reticulate one in the latter genus. Ramiporalia differs from Ramipora Toula, 1875 in having freely branching colony instead of pinate one with secondary and tertiary branches deriving from the main branch in the latter genus. Furthermore, mesotheca in Ramiporalia protrudes only on the celluliferous side as low cairna, whereas mesotheca in Ramopora protrudes both on celluliferous and non-celluliferous sides.</p> <p>Ramiporalia robusta Delvolve &amp; McKinney, 1983 (Figs 14 F-H, 15A-D, 16A-C; Appendix)</p> <p>Ramiporalia robusta Delvolve &amp; McKinney, 1983: 327, 328, pl. 2, figs 8, 9, text-fig. 3.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.838- SMF 21.848, TCD.60336, 60337, 60338, 60341, 60343.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Carboniferous, Mississippian (Serpukhovian); Pyrénées, France.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony consisting of anastomosing bifoliate branches. Branches 1.23-3.67 mm wide and 0.49-1.64 mm thick. Autozooecia tubular, semicircular in transverse section at their bases, relatively short, budding in 5-7 rows from each side of thin mesotheca, opening on both sides of the median carina. Basal diaphragms rare. Mesotheca consisting of granularprismatic material, 0.02-0.03 mm thick. Autozooecial apertures arranged regularly in 5-7 diagonal rows on both sides of a median carina, rounded, having 0.030-0.45 mm thick peristome.Lunaria moderately developed, directed proximally. Autozooecial walls 0.005 -0.010 mm thick, granular-prismatic. Extrazooecial skeleton consisting of columnar calcite crystals oriented perpendicularly to the colony surface.Vesicular skeleton moderately developed, consisting of low small vesicles with flattened roofs, concentrated mostly in endozone.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Ramiporalia robusta Delvolve &amp; McKinney, 1983 differs from R. symmetrica McKinney, 1972 from the Mississippian of Alabama, USA, in thicker branches and larger distances between aperture centres (0.36-0.54 mm vs 0.25-0.50 mm in R. symmetrica).</p> <p>Order TREPOSTOMATA Ulrich, 1882 Suborder AMPLEXOPORINA Astrova, 1965 Family STENOPORIDAE Waagen &amp; Wentzel, 1886</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F741FFBCA262FA60E6F5F915	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F743FFBCA2B3FE65E188FA17.text	038D87E1F743FFBCA2B3FE65E188FA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabulipora howsii (Nicholson 1881)	<div><p>Tabulipora howsii (Nicholson, 1881)</p> <p>(Fig. 16 D-H; Appendix)</p> <p>For synonymy see Wyse Jackson (1996: 151, 152).</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.849- SMF 21.854,TCD.60339, 60340, 60343.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Britain, Ireland, Germany (Velbert Anticline, Rhenish Massif (Wyse Jackson &amp; Weber, 2005)), Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Encrusting to submassive colony, 2.7 mm thick. Autozooecia prismatic,having polygonal shape in transverse section,containing rare diaphragms and abundant ring septa. Ring septa concentrated in exozones, occupying about a half of the autozooecial chamber space. Acanthostyles moderately large, concentrated predominantly in maculae, having narrow hyaline cores and wide laminated sheaths. Exilazooecia rare, small, polygonal in transverse section, occurring predominantly in maculae. Endozonal walls granular, 0.015 -0.020 mm thick; exozonal walls monilae-shaped thickened, laminated, serrated, with distinct autozooecial boundaries, 0.05-0.07 mm thick. Maculae consisting of larger autozooecia present, 2.2-2.4 mm in diameter.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Tabulipora howsii (Nicholson, 1881) differs from T. urii (Fleming, 1828) in larger autozooecial apertures (average aperture width 0.28 mm vs 0.19 mm in T. urii). Tabulipora howsii differs from T. stragula Karklins, 1986 from the Mississippian of Utah, USA in smaller autozooecial apertures (average aperture width 0.28 mm vs 0.39 mm in T. stragula).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F743FFBCA2B3FE65E188FA17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F743FFBCA00BF961E0BFFE28.text	038D87E1F743FFBCA00BF961E0BFFE28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabulipora Young 1883	<div><p>Genus Tabulipora Young, 1883</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Cellepora urii Fleming, 1828 by monotypy. Carboniferous; Scotland.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Ramose, encrusting, cylindrical or massive colonies. Autozooecia with basal diaphragms and ring septa. Autozooecial walls irregularly thickening with development of monilae. Exilazooecia rare. Acanthostyles of two sizes: small microacanthostyles and large macroacanthostyles.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous-Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The genus Tabulipora Young, 1883 differs from the genera Stenopora Lonsdale, 1844 and Stenodiscus Crockford, 1945 by the development of ring septa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F743FFBCA00BF961E0BFFE28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F743FFB8A2DCF980E60BFEE8.text	038D87E1F743FFB8A2DCF980E60BFEE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dyscritella Girty 1911	<div><p>Genus Dyscritella Girty, 1911</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Dyscritella robusta Girty, 1911 by original designation. Lower Carboniferous; Arkansas, USA.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Devonian to Triassic; worldwide.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Dendroid and encrusting colony with abundant acanthostyles and exilazooecia. Autozooecia parallel to longitudinal direction of the colony in endozone; gradually bending outward in exozone. Diaphragms in autozooecia lacking or very rare; lacking in exilazooecia. Exilazooecia circular to angular in cross section and separated from the autozooecia and from each other by thick walls. Two sizes of acanthostyles may be present. Zooecial walls thin in endozone, rapidly thickening in the exozone (modified after Ernst &amp; Gorgij, 2013).</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Dyscritella Girty, 1911 generally lacks diaphragms which are commonly developed in the similar genus Dyscritellina Morozova in Dunaeva &amp; Morozova, 1967.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F743FFB8A2DCF980E60BFEE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F747FFB8A06DFE25E6B2FA97.text	038D87E1F747FFB8A06DFE25E6B2FA97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dyscritella Girty 1911	<div><p>Dyscritella sp.</p> <p>(Fig. 17A)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — TCD.60345, SMF 21.897.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Small encrusting colony on unknown cylindrical substrate, 0.30-0.34 mm thick; autozooecial chambers simple, tubular, diverging from budding base at angle of between 45-80°, subparallel in endozone, with abrupt turn at endozone-exozone boundary. Zooecial walls tripartite in endozone, with a thin central dark zone surrounded by thin paler laminated skeleton. Walls thick, uniform width in exozone, with acanthostyles developed from base of exozone. Diaphragms or other intrachamber structures not developed. Exilazooecia present as small elongate u-shaped tubes, one or two in exozone between autozooecial apertures.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>On the basis of just one specimen preserved in longitudinal section only it is not possible to determine all of its specific characteristics and so it is left in open nomenclature.</p> <p>Order CRYPTOSTOMATA Vine, 1884 Suborder RHABDOMESINA Astrova &amp; Morozova, 1956 Family ARTHROSTYLIDAE Ulrich, 1882</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F747FFB8A06DFE25E6B2FA97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F747FFB8A004FAE0E06FFB97.text	038D87E1F747FFB8A004FAE0E06FFB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nematopora Ulrich 1888	<div><p>Genus Nematopora Ulrich, 1888</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Trematopora minuta Hall, 1876 by original designation. Silurian of Indiana; USA.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Middle Ordovician to Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Delicate, erect dichotomously branching colonies, composed of straight branches, sub-circular to circular in crosssection; axial region consisting of well defined medial axis, planar medial wall developed locally in some species; autozooecia tubular, triangular in cross section in endozone, inflated on their bases, diverging from the medial axis, bending abruptly in exozone, having a length of 4-6 times their diameter; rare diaphragms can appear; autozooecial apertures oval or rounded, dorsally flared, arranged regularly in 4 to 10 longitudinal rows, commonly having peristomes; zooecial boundaries well defined, narrow; extrazooecial skeleton well developed; paurostyles common on ridges in many species; nodes rarely occur. Heterozooecia absent.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Genus Nematopora Ulrich, 1888 differs from Ulrichostylus Bassler, 1952 by the shape of autozooecia which bend in exozone.</p> <p>Nematopora hibernica Wyse Jackson, 1996 (Fig. 17 B-D; Appendix)</p> <p>Nematopora hibernica Wyse Jackson, 1996: 124, figs 3b, 6, 7.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — TCD.60334, 60337, 60342, 60348, 60349.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Mississippian, Visean; Ireland (Wyse Jackson, 1996), Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Delicate colonies comprising dichotomising branches; crosssectional shape circular to polygonal. Autozooecia arranged in five rows on obverse surface. Interapertural walls undulatory between autozooecia in longitudinal rows, smooth with small stylets along their crests. Autozooecial apertures pyriform, twice as long as wide. Reverse surface barren, smooth with faint longitudinal rows of small stylets. Autozooecial chambers vermiform, elongate in tangential section, six times long as wide, developed from sinuous central axis; slight deviation towards outer margin at exozone; exozone wall of coarsely granular skeleton.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Nematopora hibernica is one of eight species in the genus described from Carboniferous successions worldwide (Wyse Jackson, 1996, Appendix 4), and differs from them in having fewer rows of autozooecia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F747FFB8A004FAE0E06FFB97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F747FFB6A286FBC7E5B3FB17.text	038D87E1F747FFB6A286FBC7E5B3FB17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudonematopora Balakin 1974	<div><p>Genus Pseudonematopora Balakin, 1974</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Nematopora ? turkestanica Nikiforova, 1948 by original designation. Lower Carboniferous of the Middle Asia.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Upper Devonian (Famennian) to Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian); Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Ramose colonies with occasional dichotomising branches. Branches of constant width, circular to semicircular in transverse section. Autozooecia occurring in 6 to 16 longitudinal rows, budding in an annular manner, originating from a central axis or median wall. Autozooecial apertures circular to oval in shape, with proximal peristomes. Vesicular skeleton may be present in the exozone. Diaphragms and acanthostyles absent, terminal diaphragms common.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Pseudonematopora Balakin, 1974 differs from Nematotrypa Bassler, 1911 by absence of hemidiaphragms in autozooecia and nodes on the colony surface.</p> <p>Pseudonematopora planatus Wyse Jackson, 1996 (Fig. 18 A-C)</p> <p>Pseudonematopora planatus Wyse Jackson, 1996: 126-127, fig. 3c, 10-15. — Ernst 2005: 59, fig. 4c-g. — Ernst &amp; Rodríguez 2013: 187, 8d- 8f.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.855- SMF 21.859, TCD.60332, 60333, 60339, 60340, 60342, 60344, 60345.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Mississippian, Visean; Ireland (Wyse Jackson, 1996), Germany (Ernst 2005), Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France), Spain (Ernst &amp; Rodríguez 2013).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Ramose colony, circular or slightly angular in cross-section, 0.54-0.75 mm in diameter. Short autozooecia budding in spiral order from the central axis. Hemisepta absent; terminal diaphragms common. Autozooecial apertures oval to teardropshaped, 0.10-0.14 mm wide, arranged in regular diagonal rows. Autozooecia displaying two types of walls – the inner bright granular-prismatic and the outer dark laminated. The inner granular-prismatic walls building three-layered endozone walls consisting of two bright outer layers and the dark inner one. Neither heterozooecia nor styles present.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Pseudonematopora planatus Wyse Jackson, 1996 differs from P. turkestanica (Nikiforova, 1948) from the Mississippian (Visean) of Kazakhstan in having thinner branches and smaller apertures (branch width 0.54-0.75 mm vs 0.80-2.80 mm in P. turkestanica; aperture width 0.10-0.14 mm vs 0.17- 0.22 mm in P. turkestanica) (Wyse Jackson 1996, appendix 6), as well as in absence of heterozooecia. Pseudonematopora planatus differs also from P. balakini Gorjunova, 1988 from the Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian) of Mongolia in having thinner branches and smaller apertures (branch width 0.54- 0.75 mm vs 0.88-1.10 mm in P. balakini; aperture width 0.10-0.14 mm vs 0.18-0.22 mm in P. balakini), as well as in absence of heterozooecia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F747FFB6A286FBC7E5B3FB17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F749FFB6A00BFA80E788FEAB.text	038D87E1F749FFB6A00BFA80E788FEAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clausotrypa Bassler 1929	<div><p>Genus Clausotrypa Bassler 1929</p> <p>[= Nemacanthopora Termier &amp; Termier, 1971]</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Clausotrypa separata Bassler, 1929 by original designation. Lower Permian; Timor (Indonesia).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Branched colonies; autozooecia elongated-tubular with rare diaphragms; autozooecial apertures rounded or oval; tectitozooecia common, irregular, closed by laminated skeleton near colony surface; acanthostyles on the surface common; autozooecial walls laminated, having dark serrated boundaries.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous – Permian; Europe, Asia.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Clausotrypa Bassler, 1929 differs from Nematotrypa Bassler, 1911 in absence of hemiphragms and budding pattern of autozooecia, which bud from a distinct median axis in Nematotrypa. Nemacanthopora Termier &amp; Termier, 1971 was separated from Clausotrypa because of its shape of autozooecia (shorter vs longer autozooecia in Clausotrypa). However, this character is quite subjective and inconsistent within species placed to both genera, and, apparently depends on the branch diameter. Therefore, Nemacanthopora is assigned as junior synonym of Clausotrypa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F749FFB6A00BFA80E788FEAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F749FFB6A2A0FEE5E7E4FAB7.text	038D87E1F749FFB6A2A0FEE5E7E4FAB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clausotrypa ramosa (Owen 1973)	<div><p>Clausotrypa ramosa (Owen, 1973)</p> <p>(Fig. 18 D-I; Appendix)</p> <p>Sulcoretepora ? ramosa Owen, 1973: 304, pl. 9A-C.</p> <p>Clausotrypa ramosa – Wyse Jackson 1996: 137, figs 37-41. — Ernst 2005: 59, fig. 4I, J.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.860- SMF 21.871,TCD.60339, 60343, 60344.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Ireland, Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Cylindrical branches, 1.01-1.64 mm in diameter, with 0.44- 0.80 mm wide endozone and 0.30-0.60 mm wide exozones. Autozooecia long, cylindrical, budding parallel to the branch axis for a long distance, gently curved toward to the colony surface. Autozooecial apertures oval. Thin, planar diaphragms rare in autozooecia. Tectitozooecia abundant, separating autozooecia in 1-3 rows, restricted to exozone, covered by thick calcitic skeleton on the colony surface. Acanthostyles large, having distinct hyaline cores, 4-9 surrounding each aperture and arranged irregularly in spaces between autozooecia. Autozooecial walls laminated, having dark serrated boundaries, 0.020 -0.025 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Clausotrypa ramosa (Owen, 1973) is similar to C. monticula (Eichwald, 1860) but differs from it in smaller distances between aperture centres (averagely 0.76 mm vs 0.81 mm in C. monticola).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F749FFB6A2A0FEE5E7E4FAB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F749FFB4A291FA20E69BFA74.text	038D87E1F749FFB4A291FA20E69BFA74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhabdomeson Young & Young 1874	<div><p>Genus Rhabdomeson Young &amp; Young, 1874</p> <p>Coeloconus Ulrich, 1889: 298.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Rhabdomeson progracile Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft, 1995 by subsequent designation of Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft (1995) (ICZN Opinion 1854; ICZN 1996). Lower Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean-Serpukhovian); Britain and Ireland.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Rhabdomesid with delicate dendroid colony with irregularly dichotomizing branches. Autozooecia regularly budding around central axial cylinder in an annual or spiral manner. Hemisepta common. Autozooecial apertures elliptical, pyriform or rhombic, closely spaced, arranged in quincunx on colony surface; of constant or variable dimensions around branch. Stylets abundant and structurally diverse (after Wyse Jackson and Bancroft, 1995).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Middle Devonian to Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Rhabdomeson Young &amp; Young, 1874 differs from other rhabdomesines in the presence of a central axial cylinder, from Silenella Gorjunova, 1992 in absence of aktinotostyles, from Pseudorhabdomeson Gorjunova, 2002 in having a rounded axial tube instead of a polygonal one and in the presence of differentiated styles instead of aktinotostyles.</p> <p>Rhabdomeson progracile Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft, 1995 (Fig. 19 A-F; Appendix)</p> <p>For synonymy see Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft (1995: 30, 31).</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.872- SMF 21.883.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean-Serpukhovian); Britain, Ireland. Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Branched colonies with narrow axial cylinder. Branches 0.60- 1.63 mm in diameter. Axial cylinder circular to polygonal, 0.1- 0.2 mm in diameter. Autozooecia budding in a spiral pattern diverging at angles of 27-40° from the axial cylinder, arranged 10-14 in the first row around the axial cylinder, hexagonal to rhomboid in transverse in the endozone. Autozooecial apertures oval, arranged in regular diagonal rows. Macroacanthostyles large, long, 4 arranged around each aperture building a regular hexagonal pattern. Microacanthostyles small, 1-2 arranged between macroacanthostyles. Paurostyles scattered on the colony surface. Superior hemisepta small, blunt, positioned at distal end of the autozooecia, visible only in occasional sections; inferior hemisepta absent. Diaphragms absent.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Rhabdomeson progracile Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft, 1995 is similar to R. regularis Nekhoroshev, 1932, and R. spinosum Morozova, 1955, in terms of size, and in the positioning of a solitary prominent acanthostyle situated proximally of autozooecial apertures. R. progracile differs from R. regularis in having larger hemisepta and wider autozooecial apertures, and from R. spinosum in acanthostyles that are smaller and a wider exozone (Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft 1995: 34).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F749FFB4A291FA20E69BFA74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74BFFB4A000F9E1E7E3F9B4.text	038D87E1F74BFFB4A000F9E1E7E3F9B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saffordotaxis Bassler 1952	<div><p>Genus Saffordotaxis Bassler, 1952</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Rhombopora incrassata Ulrich, 1890 by original designation. Lower Mississippian; USA (Kentucky).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Branched colonies with distinct linear axis.Endozones and exozones distinctly separated. Autozooecia with oval apertures and regularly thickened walls in the exozone, diverging at angles of 20-30° from the axis, bending sharply in exozones and intersecting the colony surface at angles of 80-90°; polygonal in endozone becoming hexagonal and rounded at colony surface. Longitudinal arrangement of autozooecia regular.Diaphragms complete, rare.Hemisepta absent. Metazooecia and acanthostyles absent. Aktinotostyles common to abundant, arranged in single or multiple rows, arising in the exozone.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Middle Devonian to Lower Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Saffordotaxis Bassler, 1952 differs from Primorella Romantchuk &amp; Kiseleva, 1968 in shape of autozooecia with sharp bend in the exozone.</p> <p>Saffordotaxis incrassata (Ulrich, 1888) (Figs 19 G-I; 20A-D; Appendix)</p> <p>Rhombopora incrassata Ulrich, 1888: 89, pl. 14, fig. 16; 1890: 652, pl. 70, fig. 12. — Nekhoroshev 1953: 148, pl. 17, fig. 5. — Trizna 1958: 199, pl. 54, figs 4-65.</p> <p>Saffordotaxis incrassata – Blake 1983: 558, fig. 289, 1a-e.</p> <p>Saffordotaxis incrassatus – Gorjunova 1985: 117, pl. 7, fig. 2.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.884- SMF 21.890, TCD.60340.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Branched colonies, 0.81-1.35 mm in diameter, with 0.29- 0.55 mm wide endozones and 0.26-0.40 mm wide exozones. Autozooecia tubular, growing in spiral pattern from the distinct median axis at angles of 25-29° in endozones, abruptly bending in exozones and intersecting colony surface at angles of 52–64°; having a triangular to rhombic, tear-drop shape in transverse section of endozone. Autozooecial apertures oval, arranged in regular diagonal rows on branches. Basal diaphragms rare, thin, planar. Aktinotostyles abundant, arranged in a single row between autozooecia. Autozooecial walls finely laminated, with dark dividing layer, 0.01-0.02 mm thick in endozone; laminated, without distinct boundaries in exozones. Exozonal walls containing abundant mural spines.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Saffordotaxis incrassata (Ulrich, 1888) is similar to S. retrusus Gorjunova, 1985 from the Visean of Kazakhstan, but differs in having thicker colonies (branch diameter 0.81-1.35 mm vs 0.65-0.90 mm in S. retrusus), and smaller autozooecial apertures (aperture width 0.06-0.10 mm vs 0.15-0.19 mm in S. retrusus).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74BFFB4A000F9E1E7E3F9B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74BFFB2A2B7F9E1E57BFD29.text	038D87E1F74BFFB2A2B7F9E1E57BFD29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megacanthopora Moore 1929	<div><p>Genus Megacanthopora Moore, 1929</p> <p>Neorhombopora Shishova, 1964: 55.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Megacanthopora fallacis Moore, 1929 by monotypy. Graham Formation (Pennsylvanian); Texas, USA.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Branched colonies with wide exozone (one-third to two-third of the branch radius). Autozooecia with oval apertures and irregularly thickened walls in the exozone, diverging at angles of 45° from the axis, intersecting the colony surface at angles of 80- 90°. Longitudinal arrangement of autozooecia irregular. Diaphragms complete, rare, occurring only in the exozone. Metazooecia rare to common. Acanthostyles uncommon. Aktinotostyles abundant, generally closely spaced, arising in the exozone. Autozooecial walls laminated, containing mural spines.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. —Lower Carboniferous – Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Megacanthopora Moore, 1929 differs from Rhombopora Meek, 1872 in having abundant metazooecia.</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>Astrova (1978), Dunaeva (1973), and Gorjunova (1985, 1996) assigned this genus to the Stenoporidae (Trepostomida). Blake (1983: 579-580) placed it in the Rhomboporidae (Rhabdomesina, Cryptostomata), and put the genus Neorhombopora Shishova, 1964 to the genus Megacanthopora Moore, 1929, because the type species Rhombopora crassa Ulrich, 1884 possesses acanthostyles.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74BFFB2A2B7F9E1E57BFD29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74DFFB2A00DFD66E10DFDA9.text	038D87E1F74DFFB2A00DFD66E10DFDA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megacanthopora enodata Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Megacanthopora enodata n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 20 E-I; 21A; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to being it distinct among other Megacanthopora species (from Latin “enodatus”, distinct).</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.891.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.892- SMF 21.896.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Branched colonies of intermediate diameter; exozones wide; large acanthostyles and abundant aktinotostyles; metazooecia common; rare basal diaphragms; autozooecial walls laminated with numerous mural spines.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Branched colonies, 1.50-1.90 mm in diameter, with 0.66- 0.82 mm wide endozones and 0.42-0.54 mm wide exozones. Autozooecia tubular, growing for short distance parallel to branch axis, abruptly bending in exozones and intersecting colony surface at nearly right angle; having polygonal shape in transverse section of endozone. Autozooecial apertures oval to slightly polygonal, arranged irregularly on branches. Basal diaphragms rare, thin, planar. Aktinotostyles abundant, arranged irregularly between autozooecia. Acanthostyles large, with narrow hyaline cores and wide laminated sheaths, arranged irregularly on the colony surface. Metazooecia small and short, arranged irregularly on the colony surface. Autozooecial walls finely laminated, with dark dividing layer, 0.01-0.02 mm thick in endozone; laminated, without distinct boundaries, protruded by abundant mural spines, 0.18-0.19 mm thick in exozones. Mural spines irregularly arranged in exozonal wall, opening into autozooecial cavities and on colony surface, 0.005 -0.010 mm in diameter.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Megacanthopora enodata n. sp. differs from M. fallacis Moore, 1929 in thinner branches (branch diameter 1.50-1.90 mm vs 2.0- 3.5 mm in M. fallacis) and in smaller distances be- tween aperture centres (0.30-0.44 mm vs 0.33-0.60 mm in M. fallacis). Megacanthopora enodata differs from M. gracilis Dunaeva, 1973 from the Lower Carboniferous (Namurian) of Ukraine in larger apertures (aperture width 0.13-0.19 mm vs 0.10-0.18 mm in M. gracilis).</p> <p>Order FENESTRATA Suborder FENESTELLINA Astrova &amp; Morozova, 1956 Family FENESTELLIDAE King, 1849</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74DFFB2A00DFD66E10DFDA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74DFFB2A2B2FD85E188FBF6.text	038D87E1F74DFFB2A2B2FD85E188FBF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rectifenestella Morozova 1974	<div><p>Genus Rectifenestella Morozova, 1974</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Fenestella medvedkensis Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951 by original designation. Upper Carboniferous (Kasimovian); Russia.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Reticulate colonies consisting of fine to intermediately robust branches and straight dissepiments. Autozooecia triangular to pentagonal in mid tangential section. Superior hemisepta present; inferior hemisepta absent. Low keel carrying one row of intermediate nodes (modified after Morozova, 2001, p.45).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Devonian to Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Rectifenestella Morozova, 1974 differs from Laxifenestella Morozova, 1974 in having pentagonal shape of autozooecia in mid tangential section and absence of inferior hemisepta, from Minilya Crockford, 1944 in having a single row of nodes on the keel instead of two alternating rows in Minilya.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74DFFB2A2B2FD85E188FBF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74DFFB0A505FB27E527FD29.text	038D87E1F74DFFB0A505FB27E527FD29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rectifenestella Morozova 1974	<div><p>Rectifenestella sp.</p> <p>(Figs 21 B-D; Appendix)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.898.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by relatively narrow dissepiments.Fenestrules rectangular, elongated. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low peristome with 8 apertural nodes (stellate structure); 2 to 3 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Keel narrow, low, containing small densely spaced circular nodes.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia short, pentagonal in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule. Axial wall between autozooecial rows strongly zigzag; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Superior hemisepta indistinct; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Rectifenestella sp. is similar to R. frutex (M’Coy, 1844) from the Mississippian of Ireland, but differs from it in wider branches (0.29-0.35 mm vs 0.14-0.20 mm in R. frutex) and longer fenestrules (0.44-0.58 mm vs 0.33-0.39 mm in R. frutex).</p> <p>Similarly Rectifenestella sp. differs from R. constans (Foerste, 1887) described from the Mississippian of the Russian Platform by Schulga-Nesterenko (1951) in wider branches (0.29- 0.35 mm vs 0.20 mm in R. limbata) and larger fenestrules (fenestrule length 0.44-0.58 mm vs 0.38-0.43 mm in R. limbata; fenestrule width 0.22-0.29 mm vs 0.17-0.20 mm in R. limbata).Tavener-Smith (1973, p. 411) considered R. frutex and R. limbata to be synonymous. It is also very close, but not identical, to R. asiatica (Nikiforova in Schulga-Nesterenko 1951). It differs mainly in the more closely spaced keel nodes (distance between node centres 0.11-0.18 vs 0.30 mm in R. asiatica).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74DFFB0A505FB27E527FD29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F74FFF8CA1D3FD65E6D6FEC8.text	038D87E1F74FFF8CA1D3FD65E6D6FEC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinofenestella Termier & Termier 1971	<div><p>Genus Spinofenestella Termier &amp; Termier, 1971</p> <p>Alternifenestella Termier &amp; Termier, 1971: 42.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Fenestella spinosa Condra, 1902 by original designation. Lower Permian (Wolfcampian); North America.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Reticulate colonies with relatively wide and thick branches and relatively thin dissepiments. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on the branches. Autozooecia triangular in mid tangential section, triangular to pentagonal proximal to bifurcations. Narrow keel with single row of nodes developed.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Devonian – Upper Permian.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Spinofenestella Termier &amp;Termier, 1971 differs from the genus Rectifenestella Morozova, 1974 by the triangular shape of the autozooecia in mid tangential section.</p> <p>Spinofenestella major (Nikiforova, 1933) comb. nov. (Fig. 21 E-I; Appendix)</p> <p>Fenestella major Nikiforova, 1933: 16. — Schulga-Nesterenko 1951: 93, 94, pl. 17, fig. 3, pl. 18, fig. 2.</p> <p>Fenestella donaica – Nikiforova 1927: 250, pl. 12, figs 8, 9.</p> <p>Fenestella donaica var. major Nikiforova, 1933: 16, pl. 16, figs 4, 5. — Nekhoroshev 1948: 28, pl. 2, fig. 3, pl. 10, fig. 5.</p> <p>Alternifenestella major – Gorjunova 2013: 576, 577, pl. 5, fig. 2.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.899.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Carboniferous, Mississippian; Ukraine, Donetz Basin. Carboniferous, Mississippian (Serpukhovian); Russian Platform. Middle Carboniferous; Kazakhstan.</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by narrow dissepiments. Fenestrules oval to rectangular, about twice as long as wide. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low smooth peristome; 3 to 5 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Median keel low, narrow, containing small elliptical nodes. Nodes 0.03-0.05 mm in diameter, spaced 0.14-0.18 mm from centre to centre.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia short, triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule in longitudinal section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows strongly zigzag; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Superior hemisepta present, long, curved proximally; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Spinofenestella major (Nikiforova, 1933) comb. nov. differs from Spinofenestella donaica (Lebedev, 1924) in longer fenestrules (0.77-1.02 mm vs 0.55-0.65 mm in S. donaica). Spinofenestella major comb. nov. differs from S. donaiciformis (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951) in smaller and more closely spaced nodes on the median keel (distance between node centres 0.14-0.18 mm vs 0.30-0.42 mm in S. donaiciformis).</p> <p>Spinofenestella cf. simplaris (Trizna, 1961) (Figs 22H; 23 A-C; Appendix)</p> <p>Fenestella simplaris Trizna, 1961: 75, 76, pl. 8, figs 3, 4, text-fig. 27.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.906- SMF 21.910.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by wide dissepiments. Fenestrules oval to rectangular, long, narrow. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low smooth peristome; 3 to 4 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Large elliptical nodes on the low keel, widely and irregularly spaced.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia short, triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule in longitudinal section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows strongly zigzag; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Superior hemisepta weakly developed; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The present material is similar to Spinofenestella simplaris (Trizna, 1961) from the Mississippian of Urals. However, the present material has significantly longer fenestrules (0.83-1.02 mm vs 0.55-0.75 mm in S. simplaris). The present material differs from Spinofenestella plebeia (M’Coy, 1844) from the Lower Carboniferous of Ireland, in wider branches (average branch width 0.38 mm vs 0.29 mm in S. plebeia), and wider dissepiments (average dissepiment width 0.23 mm vs 0.17 mm in S. plebeia). It differs from S. triangularis (Nekhoroshev, 1953) from the Mississippian of Kazakhstan in wider branches (branch width 0.35-0.42 mm vs 0.15-0.20 mm in S. triangularis).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F74FFF8CA1D3FD65E6D6FEC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F773FF8CA2B5FCE6E18AFAD4.text	038D87E1F773FF8CA2B5FCE6E18AFAD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laxifenestella Morozova 1974	<div><p>Genus Laxifenestella Morozova, 1974</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Fenestella sarytshevae Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951 by original designation. Mississippian (Serpukhovian); Russia.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Reticulate colonies of different shape, with relatively wide and thick branches and moderately wide dissepiments. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on the branches, rectangular to pentagonal in mid tangential section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows weakly undulating. Both superior and inferior hemisepta present. Narrow keel with single row of nodes developed (modified after Morozova [2001: 44]).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Devonian – Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Laxifenestella Morozova, 1974 differs from Fenestella Lonsdale, 1839 in rectangular to pentagonal shape of autozooecia in mid tangential section and presence of well-developed hemisepta.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F773FF8CA2B5FCE6E18AFAD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F773FF8CA04CFE05E4CEFA54.text	038D87E1F773FF8CA04CFE05E4CEFA54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinofenestella Termier & Termier 1971	<div><p>Spinofenestella sp. 1</p> <p>(Fig. 22 A-G; Appendix)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.900- SMF 21.905.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION.</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by wide dissepiments. Fenestrules oval to rectangular, long, narrow. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low smooth peristome; 3 to 6 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Median keel low, narrow, containing small elliptical nodes. Nodes 0.03-0.04 mm in diameter, spaced 0.38 mm from centre to centre.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia short, triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule in longitudinal section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows strongly zigzag; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Superior hemisepta weakly developed; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides, traversed by small microstyles. Microstyles 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Spinofenestella sp. 1 most closely resembles S. ungadyjensis (Popeko, 1967) from the Lower to Middle Carboniferous of Asiatic Russia. The branch width and fenestrule width are similar, but the fenestrules are shorter in S. ungadyjensis 1.20-1.80 mm vs 1.33-2.38 mm in the Montagne Noire material.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F773FF8CA04CFE05E4CEFA54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F773FF8CA04CF981E081FCB6.text	038D87E1F773FF8CA04CF981E081FCB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinofenestella Termier & Termier 1971	<div><p>Spinofenestella sp. 2</p> <p>(Fig. 23 D-I; Appendix)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.911.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by relatively wide dissepiments. Fenestrules rectangular, elongated. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low smooth peristome; 3 to 4 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Keel wide, low, containing small widely spaced elliptical nodes.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia relatively long, triangular in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule in longitudinal section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows strongly undulating; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Superior hemisepta long, proximally curved; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Spinofenestella sp. 2 is similar to S. tenuiseptata (Schulga- Nesterenko, 1941) from the Carboniferous of northeast Russia (as described by Morozova, 1981, p. 70) in branch width (0.26-0.30 mm vs 0.26-0.28 mm) and fenestrule dimensions (length 0.72-0.75 mm vs 0.55-0.80 mm; width 0.19-0.28 mm vs 0.27-0.45 mm). However, S. tenuiseptata lacks the distinctive superior proximally curved hemisepta developed in the French specimen.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F773FF8CA04CF981E081FCB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F775FF8AA010F902E0F7F855.text	038D87E1F775FF8AA010F902E0F7F855.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fabifenestella macrofenestrata Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Fabifenestella macrofenestrata n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 24 G-I; 25A-E; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the distinctive large size of fenestrules of the new species.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.915.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Branches straight; dissepiments relatively wide; fenestrules about twice as long as wide; autozooecial apertures with 8 nodes; 4-6 apertures per fenestrule length; median keel wide, low, with densely spaced alternating nodes; nodes varying in size; autozooecia fabiform with distinct inferior and superior hemisepta; axial wall weakly or strongly undulating; heterozooecia present in form of elliptical chambers on obverse branch surface.</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colony formed by straight branches joined by relatively wide dissepiments. Fenestrules oval to rectangular, about twice as long as wide. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures circular, with low peristome, containing 8 nodes; 4 to 6 apertures spaced per fenestrule length. Keel wide, low, containing densely spaced alternating nodes. Nodes varying in size, elliptically shaped.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecia relatively long, roughly pentagonal to rectangular in deep tangential section, becoming fabiform in mid tangential section; with short to moderately long vestibule in longitudinal section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows weakly to strongly undulating; aperture positioned at distal end of chamber. Both superior and inferior hemisepta present, positioned in the distal half of autozooecial chamber. External laminated skeleton well-developed on both obverse and reverse sides. Heterozooecia in form of elliptical chambers (apparent brooding structures), positioned on obverse branch side, having own 0.010 -0.015 thick laminated walls, 0.11-0.16 mm wide and 0.18-0.25 mm long.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Although Fabifenestella macrofenestrata n. sp. is erected on the basis of a single specimen, a rigorous comparison of other Fabifenestella species shows it to be unique in relation to the large size of the fenestrules and meshwork. Although a single specimen cannot show potential variation in meshwork parameters these are generally constant within a species. Fabifenestella macrofenestrata n. sp. is similar to F. fabalis (Shishova, 1960) from the Pennsylvanian of Transbaikalia and Mongolia, but differs from it in presence of 4-6 apertures per fenestrule length instead of 2-3 in F. fabalis. Fabifenestella macrofenestrata n. sp. differs from F. praevirgosa (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951) from Pennsylvanian (Gzhelian) of Russia in longer fenestrules (1.14-1.50 mm vs 0.75-0.90 mm in F. praevirgosa). Fabifenestella macrofenestrata sp. nov differs from Fabifenestella binodosa (Shcherbatykh, 1970) in wider branches (0.35-0.43 mm vs 0.27 mm in F. binodosa), and in longer fenestrules (1.14-1.50 mm vs 0.78-0.80 mm in F. binodosa). Fabifenestella edzhekalensis Morozova, 1981 from the Mississippian (Visean-Serpukhovian) of Russia has similar heterozooecia (oval chambers 0.24 mm long and 0.16 mm wide). However, this species has considerable smaller fenestrules than the new one.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F775FF8AA010F902E0F7F855	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F775FF8AA1EDFBA7E67FF9D4.text	038D87E1F775FF8AA1EDFBA7E67FF9D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fabifenestella Morozova 1974	<div><p>Genus Fabifenestella Morozova, 1974</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Fenestella praevirgosa Schulga-Nesterenko, 1951 by original designation. Upper Carboniferous (Gzhelian); Russia.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Reticulate colonies of different shape, with moderately wide and thick branches and moderately wide dissepiments. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on the branches, rectangular to pentagonal in deep tangential section and fabiform in shallow to mid tangential section. Axial wall between autozooecial rows weakly undulating. Both superior and inferior hemisepta present.Low and wide keel with alternating nodes developed (modified after Morozova [2001: 53]).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Carboniferous – Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Fabifenestella Morozova, 1974 differs from Exfenestella Morozova, 1974 in presence of low and wide keel with alternating nodes. Fabifenestella differs from Minilya Crockford, 1944 in having rectangular to fabiform autozooecial shape in mid tangential section instead of triangular one.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F775FF8AA1EDFBA7E67FF9D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F777FF88A2A2FD46E158F855.text	038D87E1F777FF88A2A2FD46E158F855.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polypora dendroides M'Coy 1844	<div><p>Polypora dendroides M’Coy, 1844</p> <p>(Figs 25 G-I; 26A; Appendix)</p> <p>Polypora dendroides M’Coy, 1844: 206, pl. 29, fig. 9 (lower figure). — M’Coy in Sedgwick &amp; M’Coy 1855: 115. — Hoernes 1886: 229, fig. 231. — Stuckenberg 1888: 35, pl. 4, figs 1-3; 1895: 159, pl. 22, fig. 14. — Nicholson &amp; Lydekker 1889: fig. 471a-a’. — Nikiforova 1938: 145, pl. 33, figs 7-9. — Bassler 1953: G125, fig. 86, 7a, b. — Miller 1963: 167, pl. 23, figs 1-3. — Tavener-Smith 1973: 478, pl. 23, figs 1-7. — Bancroft 1987: 196. — Morozova &amp; Lisitsyn 1996: 533, pl. 5, figs 2a-c. — Morozova 2001: 80, pl. 39, figs 1a, b. — Wyse Jackson et al. 2006: 762-765, pl. 7, figs 1-11, text-fig. 1p-r.</p> <p>Polypora dendroides M’Coy in Griffith, 1842: 10, nomen nudem.</p> <p>Polypora dendroidea M’Coy – Morozova 1981: 5.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.916- SMF 21.920.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Tournaisian-Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France); Counties Wexford and Fermanagh, Ireland,? Russia.</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colonies composed of moderately wide branches jointed by moderately wide dissepiments. Autozooecia arranged in 3-5 alternating rows on branches.Autozooecial apertures rounded to oval,7-10 spaced per length of fenestrule.Fenestrules oval,narrow.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers moderately long, generally rhombic to roughly hexagonal in the mid tangential section. Hemisepta absent.External laminated skeleton well-developed, traversed by abundant small microacanthostyles.Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Polypora dendroides M’Coy, 1844 differs from P. gracilis Prout, 1860 from the Mississippian of Illinois, USA, in wider branches (average branch width 0.75 mm vs 0.58 mm in P. gracilis). Polypora dendroides differs from P.bukhtarmensis Nekhoroshev, 1956 from the Mississippian (Tournaisian-Visean) of Altai, in wider branches (branch width 0.56-1.00 mm vs 0.60-0.75 mm in P. bukhtarmensis), as well as in spacing of 7-10 apertures per fenestrule length instead of 4-6 in P. bukhtarmensis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F777FF88A2A2FD46E158F855	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F777FF88A034F881E081FD09.text	038D87E1F777FF88A034F881E081FD09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polypora M'Coy 1844	<div><p>Genus Polypora M’Coy, 1844</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Polypora dendroides M’Coy, 1844, by subsequent designation of Vine (1884: 194). Lower Carboniferous; Ireland.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Reticulate colonies of different shape built by straight or slightly undulating, bifurcating branches, joined at regular intervals by</p> <p>straight dissepiments without autozooecia.Autozooecia arranged in four alternating rows on branches, 5-6 rows before and 2-3 after bifurcation. Autozooecial chambers tubular, short, having weakly developed inferior hemisepta and short vestibule, regularly hexagonal in mid tangential section. Autozooecial apertures rounded. Keels between longitudinal rows of autozooecia weakly developed or absent. Microacanthostyles and nodes usually present on obverse surface (after Morozova 2001).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Devonian to Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Polypora M’Coy, 1844 is similar to Paucipora Termier &amp; Termier, 1971. The latter has well developed hemisepta and shorter autozooecia. Polypora differs from Polyporella Simpson, 1895 in presence of four rows of autozooecia on branches instead of three in the latter genus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F777FF88A034F881E081FD09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F777FF88A1F1FF64E72FF915.text	038D87E1F777FF88A1F1FF64E72FF915.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptilofenestella Tavener-Smith 1965	<div><p>Genus Ptilofenestella Tavener-Smith, 1965</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Ptilofenestella carrickensis Tavener-Smith, 1965, by original designation. Mississippian (Visean); Ireland.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colony small, basket-shaped, with obverse surface on exterior surface. Branches narrow straight to moderately sinuous; dissepiments regularly spaced; fenestrules subrectangular. Two rows of autozooecia per branch; low median keel on obverse side of branch with nodes aligned in single row. Very long spine extends proximally from colony origin; autozooecial chambers small, triangular in deep tangential sections, bean-shaped in shallow endozone; reverse surface of branches smoother (modified from McKinney, pers. comm. April 2011).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Mississippian; Ireland, France.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Ptilofenestella Tavener-Smith, 1965 is similar to Spinofenestella Termier &amp; Termier, 1971 in the shape of autozooecia and in presence of median keel with nodes, but differs from it by the basket-shaped colony with long central proximal spine.</p> <p>Ptilofenestella carrickensis Tavener-Smith, 1965. (Fig. 25F)</p> <p>Ptilofenestella carrickensis Tavener-Smith, 1965: 491, pl. 66, figs 1-14, text-figs 5-6. — Wyse Jackson et al. 2009: 76-77, fig. 1.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — TCD.60346, 60347.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Counties Fermanagh and Leitrim, Ireland, Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Mississippian (Brigantian); Loughshinney, Co. Dublin, Ireland (Wyse Jackson et al. 2009).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Colonies form basket-shaped expansions 4.5 mm high by 5 mm wide, composed of 17 to 20 slightly sinuous branches, joined by short dissepiments. Fenestrules rounded rectangular, about twice as long as wide. Keel low, with a single row of small nodes. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on outer-side of branches, autozooecial apertures circular, 4 to 5 per fenestrule length; autozooecial chambers pentagonal in mid-depth tangential-section. Spine 0.3 mm in diameter developed from proximal portion of colony, broken so full length unknown.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The specimens from Roque Redonde fall within the range and morphology exhibited in P.carrickensis from the type locality.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F777FF88A1F1FF64E72FF915	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F779FF86A1F4FB07E139FBF7.text	038D87E1F779FF86A1F4FB07E139FBF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthocladiidae Ulrich 1890	<div><p>Family ACANTHOCLADIIDAE Ulrich, 1890</p> <p>Genus Diploporaria Nickles &amp; Bassler, 1900</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Glauconome (Diplopora) marginalis Young &amp; Young, 1875 by original designation. Lower Carboniferous (Visean); British Isles.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colony consisting of thin main branches and rare lateral branches of identical morphology. Both main and lateral branches bearing two rows of autozooecia.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Carboniferous – Lower Permian; Europe, USA, Asia.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Diploporaria Nickles &amp; Bassler, 1900 differs from Penniretepora d’Orbigny, 1849 in rare lateral branches, whereas Penniretepora possesses a pinnate colony with regularly arranged lateral branches either side of the main branch.</p> <p>Diploporaria tenella Wyse Jackson, 1988 (Figs 26 F-H, 27A; Appendix)</p> <p>Diploporaria tenella Wyse Jackson, 1988: 201, fig. 1b, 2b, 4d-f, 7a, b; 1996: 141, 142, fig. 42a, 45. — Wyse Jackson &amp; Weber 2005: 377, fig. 1a.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.923- SMF 21.925, TCD.60336, 60337, 60340, 60342.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Ireland, Germany (Velbert Anticline, Rhenish Massif), Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Colony consisting of straight branches bifurcating nearly at right angle.Branches 0.29-0.32 mm wide. Autozooecia arranged in 2 alternating rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures rounded to oval, with smooth peristome, 0.085 -0.095 mm in diameter, spaced 0.32-0.43 mm (0.38 mm at average) from centre to centre.Single sharp node on the peristome, directed proximally. Autozooecial chambers long, subrectangular in the mid tangential section. Superior hemisepta long, curved distally; inferior hemisepta absent. External laminated skeleton thin. Branch reverse side smooth. Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Diploporaria tenella Wyse Jackson, 1988 possesses distinctive elongate quadrate-shaped autozooecial chambers in midtangential section which separates it from other Diploporaria species. Externally D. tenella resembles D. bifurcata (Ulrich, 1890) with a sinuous branch margin, although apertures are more widely spaced in the latter. D. tenella differs from the type species D. marginalis which has trapezoidal-shaped chambers, and a well-developed peristome that projects beyond branch margins producing a strongly serrated outline.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F779FF86A1F4FB07E139FBF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F779FF86A28DFB27E0ABF852.text	038D87E1F779FF86A28DFB27E0ABF852.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baculopora Wyse Jackson 1988	<div><p>Genus Baculopora Wyse Jackson, 1988</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Vincularia megastoma M’Coy, 1844 by original designation. Mississippian; Ireland.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Acanthocladiid forming delicate irregularly branching colonies; branches divide, or develop as lateral branches; branches straight or gently flexulous and taper distally, with four to seven rows of autozooecia on main and lateral branches; reverse surface longitudinally striated with microstylets; autozooecial bases pentagonal to hexagonal (diamond-shaped) (modified after Wyse Jackson, 1988, p. 198, Wyse Jackson, 1996, p. 140).</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Two definite species are known: Baculopora megastoma (M’Coy, 1844) from the Mississippian of Ireland, Germany, Russia, and B. redondensis n. sp. from the Mississippian of France (present paper). Baculopora sp. was mentioned from the Mississippian of Mongolia (Morozova et al. 2003: 131).</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Baculopora Wyse Jackson, 1988 resembles Ichthyorachis M’Coy, 1844 in possessing four to six rows of autozooecia on branches, but lacks regularly offset or opposite secondary lateral branches.</p> <p>R EMARKS</p> <p>The species Pseudohornera ossipovae Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955 from the upper Visean (Mississippian) of Russia coincides in its morphology and dimensions with Baculopora megastoma (M’Coy, 1844). Therefore, Pseudohornera ossipovae is synonymised with the latter species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F779FF86A28DFB27E0ABF852	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F779FF86A01DFF64E68DFBD7.text	038D87E1F779FF86A01DFF64E68DFBD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polypora marginata M'Coy 1844	<div><p>Polypora marginata M’Coy, 1844</p> <p>(Fig. 26 B-E; Appendix)</p> <p>Polypora marginata M’Coy, 1844: 206, pl. 29, fig. 5. — Miller 1963: 168, pl. 24, fig. 3 (non Geinitz, 1866: 69, pl. 5, figs 11a, b, 12a, b).</p> <p>Polypora marginata M’Coy in Griffith, 1842: 10 (nomen nudem).</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.921- SMF 21.922.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France); Co. Tyrone, Ireland.</p> <p>EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Reticulate colonies composed of moderately wide branches jointed by wide dissepiments. Autozooecia arranged in 3-4 alternating rows on branches. Autozooecial apertures rounded to oval.Low undulating longitudinal ridges/striations between autozooecia developed. Fenestrules subrectangular, long and narrow.</p> <p>INTERIOR DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers moderately long, generally rhombic to roughly hexagonal in the mid tangential section. Hemisepta absent.External laminated skeleton well-developed,traversed by abundant small microacanthostyles.Heterozooecia not observed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Polypora marginata M’Coy, 1844 is easily distinguished from other Polypora species of the same age on the basis of possessing elongate rounded fenestrules with short dissepiments, and wavy longitudinal striations on the obverse surface.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F779FF86A01DFF64E68DFBD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F77BFF84A034FF64E567FA17.text	038D87E1F77BFF84A034FF64E567FA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baculopora redondensis Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Baculopora redondensis n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 27 B-H; 28A, B; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the type locality Roque Redonde.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.947.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.926- SMF 21.946, SMF 21.948- SMF 21.955, TCD.60333, 60335, 60350-60353.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Straight dichotomous branches; autozooecia in 2 to 6 rows; autozooecial apertures with 4-11 variably sized nodes; reverse surface smooth with 10 to 15 longitudinal rows of microstylets.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Colonies of straight dichotomous branches, with undulating lateral margins; lateral branches not observed; branches oval to flattened in transverse section, 0.63-0.98 mm wide, 0.5- 0.6 mm thick. Autozooecia arranged in 2 to 6 rows; apertures circular to longitudinally oval, surrounded by 4-11 variably sized nodes; apertural nodes 0.015 -0.035 mm in diameter; spaced 3 to 4 diameters apart; interapertural walls carry three wavy rows of microstyles; autozooecial chambers polygonal in mid-tangential section, generally hexagonal (diamond-shaped), relatively short and high; lined with thin laminar skeleton; terminal diaphragms occurring; reverse surface smooth with 10 to 15 longitudinal rows of microstylets; microstylets 0.005 - 0.010 mm in diameter.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Baculopora redondensis n. sp. differs from B. megastoma (M’Coy, 1844) in wider branches (0.63-0.98 mm vs 0.33-0.74 mm in B. megastoma). Furthermore, Baculopora redondensis differs in wider spacing of autozooecial apertures (distances between aperture centres along branch 0.42-0.73 mm vs 0.33-0.53 mm in B. megastoma).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F77BFF84A034FF64E567FA17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F77BFF84A1E9FA40E0DFF9F5.text	038D87E1F77BFF84A1E9FA40E0DFF9F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filites Pocta 1894	<div><p>Genus Filites Počta in Barrande, 1894</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Filites bohemicus Počta in Barrande, 1894 by original designation. Lower Devonian; Czech Republic.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches; two rows of autozooecia both on main and lateral branches; autozooecia triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section; hemisepta absent; superstructure absent; keel low without nodes.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Lower Devonian-Upper Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Filites has the same colony shape as Penniretepora d’Orbigny, 1849, but differs from the latter in the shape of autozooecia in mid tangential section (triangular to trapezoid vs rectangular to pentagonal) and in the absence of keel nodes.</p> <p>Filites cf. laxa (Young &amp; Young, 1876) comb. nov. (Figs 28 C-F; Appendix)</p> <p>Glauconome laxa Young &amp; Young, 1876: 331, pl. 4, figs 33-34.</p> <p>Glauconome elegantula Etheridge, 1877: 35, pl. 2a, figs 3-6.</p> <p>Penniretepora elegantula Etheridge, 1877. — Olaloye 1974: 500, pl. 21, figs 1-4.</p> <p>Penniretepora laxa – Graham 1975: 8, pl. 2, figs 9-10, pl. 6, figs 1-2.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.956- SMF 21.960.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Pinnate colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches. Main branches 0.41-0.66 mm wide; lateral branches 0.26-0.38 mm wide, diverging at angles 58- 79° from main branches, spaced 0.66-1.20 mm from centre to centre. Autozooecia having circular to oval apertures, arranged in two rows both on main and lateral branches; twothree apertures between two neighbouring lateral branches. Peristomes distinct, containing 18-24 nodes. Peristomal nodes 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter. Nodes on branches absent.</p> <p>INTERNAL DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section both on main and secondary branches, relatively short, inflated, with moderately long vestibules. Hemisepta absent. Axial wall strongly zigzag from base to crest, not projecting as frontal keel. Extrazooecial skeleton moderately developed, traversed by abundant microstyles; microstyles diverging from inner hyaline skeleton, regularly spaced across entire colony surface, 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter. Reverse side without any ornamentation.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The material from France compares well with Penniretepora laxa (Young &amp; Young, 1876) from the Carboniferous of Scotland in respect of gross external morphology, branch sizes and lateral branch spacing. The main branches of the Scottish specimens are slightly flexuous. The specific attribution of the French material is not definitive as the internal features of the type specimens of P. laxa remain unknown</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F77BFF84A1E9FA40E0DFF9F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F77BFF82A2B1F921E02BFC89.text	038D87E1F77BFF82A2B1F921E02BFC89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Penniretepora d'Orbigny 1849	<div><p>Genus Penniretepora d’Orbigny, 1849</p> <p>Acanthopora Young &amp; Young, 1875: 327.</p> <p>Pinnatopora Vine, 1883: 191.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Retepora pluma Phillips, 1836. Mississippian; Yorkshire, England.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Fine main branch and short, regularly arranged secondary branches without dissepiments. Two rows of autozooecia on the main branch and on the secondary branches.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Devonian to Permian; worldwide.</p> <p>Penniretepora volgensis Shishova, 1959 (Figs 28G, H; 29 A-D; Appendix)</p> <p>Penniretepora volgensis Shishova, 1959: 17, fig. 1.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.961- SMF 21.964.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Russia. Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Pinnate colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches. Main branches 0.38-0.70mm wide, lateral branches 0.18-0.38 mm wide, diverging at angles 60- 84° from main branches, spaced 0.72-1.05 mm from centre to centre. Autozooecia having circular to oval apertures, arranged in two rows both on main and lateral branches; two to three apertures between two neighbouring lateral branches. Median keels low, containing rare elliptical nodes.</p> <p>INTERNAL DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers rectangular to pentagonal in mid tangential section both on main and secondary branches, relatively long, inflated, with moderately long vestibules. Superior hemisepta short; inferior hemisepta absent. Axial wall straight to weakly undulating from base to crest, projecting as narrow and low frontal keel. Extrazooecial skeleton moderately developed, traversed by abundant microstyles; microstyles diverging from inner hyaline skeleton, regularly spaced across entire colony surface, 0.010 -0.018 mm in diameter. Reverse side containing longitudinal rows of microstylets.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Penniretepora volgensis Shishova, 1959 differs from P. timofeevae Balakin, 1975 from the lower Visean of Turkmenistan in larger distances between lateral branches (0.72-1.05 mm vs 0.50-0.75 mm in P. timofeevae).</p> <p>Penniretepora cf. pluma (Phillips, 1836) (Figs 29 E-I; 30A; Appendix)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.965- SMF 21.966.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian, Visean; Britain, Ireland, Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Pinnate colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches. Main branches 1.00- 1.05mm wide, lateral branches 0.52-0.60 mm wide, diverging at angles 57- 80° from main branches, spaced 0.72-1.05 mm from centre to centre. Autozooecia having circular to oval apertures, arranged in two rows both on main and lateral branches; apertures surrounded by 14-16 apertural nodes, producing faintly denticulated margin two-three apertures between two neighbouring lateral branches. Median keel low, containing rare elliptical nodes and longitudinal rows of microstyles.</p> <p>INTERNAL DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers rectangular to pentagonal in mid tangential section both on main and secondary branches, relatively long, inflated, with moderately long vestibules. Superior hemisepta short; inferior hemisepta absent. Axial wall straight to weakly undulating from base to crest, projecting as narrow and low frontal keel. Extrazooecial skeleton moderately developed, traversed by abundant microstyles; microstyles diverging from inner hyaline skeleton, regularly spaced across entire colony surface, 0.010 -0.018 mm in diameter. Reverse side containing longitudinal rows of fine tubules.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>This species is characterised by circular to oval apertures, surrounded by small apertural nodes, and which are proximally extended into a small slit or fossula. As such it broadly resembles P. pluma, but differs from it in the rectangular to pentagonal shape of autozooecial chambers and the closer spacing of apertures.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F77BFF82A2B1F921E02BFC89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F77DFF82A2CDFCC6E189F915.text	038D87E1F77DFF82A2CDFCC6E189F915.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gorjunopora Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Genus Gorjunopora n. gen.</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Gorjunopora gallica n. sp. Carboniferous, Mississippian, upper Visean; Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The genus is named in honour of the Russian bryozoologist Raisa Gorjunova whose extensive research has increased our knowledge of Palaeozoic bryozoans.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches; two rows of autozooecia both on main and lateral branches; autozooecia triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section; long superior hemisepta present; internal curved hemisepta in middle part of chambers present; superstructure absent; keel low with one row of weakly alternating nodes.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Gorjunopora gallica n. gen., n. sp. from the Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean) of France (present paper), and G. triangulata (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955) from the Visean of the Russian Platform.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Gorjunopora n. gen. differs from Filites Počta in Barrande, 1894 in presence of long superior and internal hemisepta as well as in alternating nodes on low keel. Gorjunopora n. gen. differs from Penniretepora d’Orbigny, 1849 in the shape of autozooecial chambers (triangular to trapezoid vs rectangular to pentagonal in Penniretepora), presence of long superior and internal hemisepta as well as in alternating nodes on low keel</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F77DFF82A2CDFCC6E189F915	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
038D87E1F77DFF80A2A5F941E7F7F995.text	038D87E1F77DFF80A2A5F941E7F7F995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gorjunopora gallica Ernst & Wyse Jackson & Aretz 2015	<div><p>Gorjunopora gallica n. gen., n. sp.</p> <p>(Fig. 30 B-I; Appendix)</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The species name refers to the discovery of this species in France.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. — SMF 21.967.</p> <p>PARATYPES. — SMF 21.968- SMF 21.972.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire,southern France).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — As for genus.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Pinnate colonies consisting of straight main branches with frequent lateral branches. Main branches 0.22-0.36mm wide, lateral branches 0.14-0.22 mm wide, diverging at angles 57- 81° from main branches, spaced 0.69-1.05 mm from centre to centre. Autozooecia having circular to oval apertures, arranged in two rows both on main and lateral branches; one aperture between two neighbouring lateral branches. Median keels low, containing alternating elliptical nodes.</p> <p>INTERNAL DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Autozooecial chambers triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section both on main and secondary branches, relatively long, inflated, with moderately long vestibules. Superior hemisepta long, proximally curved; internal curved hemisepta in middle part of chambers present. Axial wall strongly zigzag from base to crest, projecting as narrow and low frontal keel. One row of weakly alternating and closely spaced nodes on keel present.Extrazooecial skeleton moderately developed, traversed by abundant microstyles; microstyles diverging from inner hyaline skeleton, regularly spaced across entire colony surface, 0.010 -0.015 mm in diameter. Reverse side showing fine longitudinal striation.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Gorjunopora gallica n. gen., n. sp. is similar to G. triangulata (Schulga-Nesterenko, 1955) from the Visean of the Russian Platform. Gorjunopora gallica differs in having larger distances between aperture centres (averagely 0.38 mm vs 0.28 mm in G. triangulata) and spacing of one aperture between neighbouring lateral branches instead of two apertures in G. triangulata.</p> <p>Incertae Sedis</p> <p>“ Thamniscus ” colei Wyse Jackson, 1988 (Fig. 31 A-D; Appendix)</p> <p>Thamniscus colei Wyse Jackson, 1988: 205, figs 1c, 2c, 4g-j, 7c-f; 1996: 143, fig. 48. — Wyse Jackson &amp; Bancroft 1994: 215-7, fig. 1a-f. — Wyse Jackson &amp; Weber 2005: 377, fig. 1k.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — SMF 21.973,TCD.60356.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (Visean); Ireland, Germany (Velbert Anticline, Rhenish Massif), Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Freely branching, dichotomous colonies. Branches 0.54- 0.74 mm wide. Autozooecia arranged in 2-3 rows on branches, pentagonal to hexagonal in mid tangential section.Autozooecial apertures circular, with smooth peristomes. Single node on proximal part of peristomes present, mm in diameter. Fine striation between apertures developed.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>The genus Thamniscus King, 1849 is apparently monotypical, with the type species Thamniscus perplexus Ernst in Lisitsyn &amp; Ernst, 2004 which is only known from the Upper Permian Zechstein of Europe (Lisitsyn &amp; Ernst 2004; Wyse Jackson et al. 2006). Many species were placed in the genus on the basis of the freely branching colony form, having various internal morphology. “ Thamniscus ” colei Wyse Jackson, 1988 differs from the type species in having pentagonal to hexagonal shape of autozooecial chambers in mid tangential section instead of rhombic one in T. perplexus, and in the absence of cyclozooecia. “ Thamniscus ” colei should be classified in a separate genus. However, the material from Roque Redonde is represented by only one fragment which is not sufficient to erect a new genus here.</p> <p>Fenestrata sp. (Figs 31 E-I; Appendix)</p> <p>MATERIAL. — Single specimen SMF 21.974.</p> <p>OCCURRENCE. — Carboniferous, Mississippian (upper Visean); Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Colony shape unknown, apparently pinnate to loosely branching with occasional transverse connections. Branch width 1.02- 1.20 mm. Autozooecia arranged in two rows on branches, triangular to trapezoid in mid tangential section. Autozooecial aperture circular, surrounded by a rim of 10-14 nodes. Apertural nodes 0.010 -0.025 mm in diameter. Median keel low, undulating, containing large elliptic and widely spaced nodes. External skeleton 0.29-0.43 mm thick, laminated, traversed by abundant microstylets. Internal skeleton granular, 0.055 -0.065 mm thick.</p> <p>COMPARISON</p> <p>Comparison of this species is difficult because of restricted material. It shows similarities to Narynella Morozova, 2001 in the shape of autozooecia and presence of keel with large and widely spaced nodes. However, Narynella has typical reticulate colony shape and weakly developed external laminated skeleton.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87E1F77DFF80A2A5F941E7F7F995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ernst, Andrej;Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.;Aretz, Markus	Ernst, Andrej, Wyse Jackson, Patrick N., Aretz, Markus (2015): Bryozoan fauna from the Mississippian (Visean) of Roque Redonde (Montagne Noire, southern France). Geodiversitas 37 (2): 151-213, DOI: 10.5252/g2015n2a2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a2
