taxonID	type	description	language	source
0388A018FFE3FFC9C4A0FB97FBF7C400.taxon	description	This duck was our most surprising addition to the Adelberts’ upland avifauna. It was previously known only from the Central Range, plus three outliers (Huon, Vogelkop and Foja) all much higher than the Adelberts. Our sole sighting was on 6 August 2004, when JD saw a pair on a river at 640 m below Kangarangate. The river at that point was 6 m wide, rushing, dropping, and with many large boulders. As soon as JD reached the river at 09.18 h, one Salvadorina ȱ thatȱ wasȱ perchedȱ besideȱ theȱ riverȱ flushedȱ andȱ flewȱ offȱ downstream. ȱAtȱ 09.25 ȱhȱaȱpresumablyȱdifferentȱindividualȱappearedȱ 9 ȱmȱupstream, ȱperchedȱ on a stone 15 cm high next to the river, and occasionally slid its tail rapidly sideways. It swam upstream and reappeared on another boulder mid-river. Occasionally it raised the forebodyȱandȱshookȱitsȱwings, ȱwhichȱappearedȱshort. ȱAtȱ 09: 41 ȱhȱitȱflewȱoffȱupstreamȱwithȱ quickȱponderousȱflaps. ȱNeitherȱindividualȱmadeȱanyȱsoundȱduringȱtheȱobservation, ȱwhichȱ affordedȱ aȱ closeȱ prolongedȱ view. ȱ Theȱ billȱ wasȱ dullȱ yellow-orange, ȱ theȱ speculumȱ inȱ flightȱ green edged white anteriorly and posteriorly. Kangarangate villagers, who refer to this duckȱbyȱtheȱAiti-languageȱnameȱ‘asavi’, ȱstateȱthatȱitȱisȱcommonȱbutȱshyȱandȱproneȱtoȱfleeȱonȱ seeing people, and that it lays many eggs on a rock with much grass near the river.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FD4EFD05C648.taxon	description	We tape-recorded its call at night at 1,655 m above Munggur: a squeaky short upslurred noteȱ repeatedȱ atȱ aȱ rateȱ ofȱ sixȱ notesȱ perȱ fiveȱ seconds, ȱ withȱ aȱ qualityȱ similarȱ toȱ theȱ barkȱ ofȱ a small dog. Our recording is identical to those of A. albertisi from the Kumawa Mts. and Hela Province. We also taped the similar-sized Barred Owlet-nightjar A. bennettii at lower elevations. ȱ Bothȱ speciesȱ areȱ firstȱ recordsȱ forȱ theȱ Adelberts. ȱ Inȱ theȱ Adelberts, ȱ Prattȱ (1982) ȱ collected their larger congener Feline Owlet-nightjar A. insignis, double their mass, at an elevation (1,500 m) similar to A. albertisi. Munggur villagers are familiar, using the local name ‘ dalek’, with the distinctive three-note angry-cat call of A. insignis. Hence A. albertisi and A. insignis are now known to co-exist at similar elevations on at least seven of New Guinea’s outlying ranges, as well as the Central Range. Their ability to co-exist may be due toȱecologicalȱconsequencesȱofȱtheirȱsizeȱdifference.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FABBFD3AC7BC.taxon	description	Heard and seen at both Munggur and Kangarangate, whereas its low-altitude sibling Red-flankedȱLorikeetȱ C. placentis was found only at Kangarangate. The two species can be distinguished by voice: C. rubronotata has a louder call.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FA12FC38C405.taxon	description	Anotherȱ high-elevationȱ speciesȱ recordedȱ previouslyȱ onlyȱ byȱ Pratt, ȱ whichȱ weȱ encounteredȱ dailyȱatȱ 1,470 – 1,655 ȱm. ȱAsȱdidȱPratt, ȱweȱencounteredȱonlyȱred-morphȱbirds; ȱtheȱblackȱmorphȱ from other parts of the species’ range has not been observed in the Adelberts.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FE17FF25C0E0.taxon	description	Seen, heard and taped only at 1,525 – 1,600 m above Munggur, and recorded previously forȱ theȱ Adelbertsȱ solelyȱ byȱ Pratt. ȱ Knownȱ andȱ namedȱ byȱ villagersȱ atȱ bothȱ Munggurȱ andȱ Kangarangate. The very long call is a buzzy note repeated ad nauseam three times per second.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FF61FDD0C3B6.taxon	description	Heard at Kangarangate once in 2004, and twice in 2006. Local names ‘ mibu’ (Kangarangate), ‘ sawa’ (Munggur). Villagers described by call and habits only one other mound-building species, evidently New Guinea Scrubfowl Megapodius decollatus, as ‘ niako’ (Kangarangate) or ‘ burukate’ (Munggur). They denied knowledge of any additional mound-building species that would have been Aepypodius arfakianus, for which the only Adelbert report was by Mackay. As explained under Methods, we hesitate to accept that report without confirmation, ȱespeciallyȱasȱnoneȱofȱBeck, ȱGilliard, ȱPrattȱandȱourselvesȱobservedȱtheȱspeciesȱ and its distinctive mounds. Villagers could hardly have been unaware of Aepypodius if it had been present. Yet its absence from the Adelberts would be surprising, because it has been recorded in all nine other outliers.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE4FFCEC4A0FBA4FCEBC752.taxon	description	Noisy, commonly heard and seen at Kangarangate but not at our higher elevation site of Munggur. ȱTwoȱcallsȱareȱfrequentlyȱgiven: ȱaȱveryȱfastȱdescendingȱtrill, ȱsimilarȱtoȱtheȱfirstȱpartȱ ofȱ theȱ callȱ ofȱ Yellow-billedȱ Kingfisherȱ Syma torotoro, ȱ butȱ withȱ aȱ spittedȱ unmusicalȱ quality; ȱ and a very faint, long, medium-high pitch, single ascending note. Segregated ecologically fromȱ Commonȱ Paradiseȱ Kingfisherȱ T. galatea by inhabiting higher elevations, and by perching higher in forest (at 6 – 15 m) rather than in the lower storey. We encountered T. galatea just once, at low elevation (815 m), at Kangarangate.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FF61FE48C076.taxon	description	We heard calls and saw two bowers at 1,525 and 1,565 m: one on the ridge crest, the other on a broad slope considerably below the crest. The bowers comprised a circular moss platform 1.07 or 1.22 m in diameter, with a raised rim 15 or 23 cm wide and 15 cm tall, built around a central sapling. Sticks up to 25 cm long were piled around the sapling to a height of 0.6 or 1.5 ȱm. ȱTheȱplatform’sȱfloorȱconsistedȱofȱsoftȱbrownȱearthȱorȱmoss. ȱDecorationsȱatȱoneȱbowerȱ involved dozens of small (3 mm) straw-coloured seeds, pieces of black charcoal on the rim, and two piles of black charcoal outside the rim and on opposite sides of the bower from each other. Decorations at the other consisted of several dozen pieces of black charcoal on the rim; sprigs of 4 - mm blue berries hung from seven thin saplings; an 8 - cm piece of blue cloth on the rim; and, outside the rim, several dozen 8 - mm dull olive-brown fruits, and one bright green beetle skeleton. The charcoal and cloth had presumably been brought from a considerable distance.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0F9BFFCB0C4F8.taxon	description	Abundant and often vocal, in the canopy, from 1,385 m upwards.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FA49FF26C42E.taxon	description	One, ȱ seenȱ wellȱ byȱ KDBȱ inȱ theȱ lowerȱ canopyȱ atȱ 1,220 ȱ m, ȱ wasȱ identifiedȱ byȱ theȱ longȱ rictalȱ streak, long narrow yellow ear patch, and moderately long slender bill. KDB taped its distinctive call, a squeaky downslur. First Adelbert record of this, the rarest Meliphaga species.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FAF2FBB6C7E5.taxon	description	Identifiedȱvocallyȱbyȱitsȱdistinctiveȱupslurredȱ wheep note, and visually by its white ear, dull dark almost brownish upperparts, and heavier bill than M. orientalis of the same elevations. Noisy wingbeats, unusual for a small passerine. In small numbers from 1,020 to 1,255 m.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FBBBFD07C69C.taxon	description	Identifiedȱ vocallyȱ byȱ itsȱ short, ȱ bright, ȱ distinctivelyȱ snappedȱ disyllabicȱ note; ȱ itsȱ staccatoȱ tp note is shared with other Meliphaga. ȱ Theȱ Adelbertȱ populationȱ isȱ identifiedȱ visuallyȱ byȱ itsȱ smallȱ yellowȱ earȱ patch, ȱ medium-smallȱ bodyȱ size, ȱ andȱ inconspicuousȱ mottlingȱ onȱ theȱ underparts. Common or abundant at 930 – 1,570 m.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FCAEFBC6C1E8.taxon	description	Abundantȱinȱfloweringȱtrees, ȱandȱsinglyȱinȱtheȱcanopy, ȱfromȱ 1,430 ȱmȱupwards.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FC45FE44C652.taxon	description	Calls: a snapped disyllabic note repeated once per second (Mountain Meliphaga Meliphaga orientalis does not repeat its snapped disyllable), and a musical note. Once we learned those calls, we recognised this species as abundant from 1,580 m upwards. Approaches in response to playback.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE5FFCFC4A0FDD7FC20C140.taxon	description	Present at both of our sites, in small numbers from 1,150 to 1,385 m, giving diverse harsh calls, most of them soft, a few loud. Several female-plumaged birds and multiple adult males gathered in one fruiting tree. We found one bower at 1,150 m, on the shaded sloping forestȱ floor. ȱ Itsȱ shapeȱ wasȱ rectangular, ȱ 38 ȱ × ȱ 20 ȱ cm, ȱ andȱ itȱ comprisedȱ severalȱ dozenȱ darkȱ brownȱ sticksȱ 13 ȱ cmȱ longȱ lyingȱ flatȱ onȱ theȱ groundȱ orȱ insertedȱ diagonallyȱ inȱ twoȱ rows. ȱ Decorations consisted of 128 white fruits 1 cm in diameter. Munggur name: ‘ mororáng’. KDB also observed males and female-plumaged individuals at Keki Lodge.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE6FFCCC4A0FD0EFCE7C128.taxon	description	Confinedȱtoȱelevationsȱaboveȱ 1,590 ȱm, ȱandȱeasilyȱlocatedȱbyȱitsȱunmistakableȱlongȱsong, ȱbutȱ surprisinglyȱuncommon. ȱTheȱfirstȱrecordȱforȱtheȱAdelberts.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE6FFCCC4BFFA1BFBEDC43B.taxon	description	Common and calling from 1,225 m upwards, usually alone, occasionally in pairs or in mixed-speciesȱflocks. ȱPreviouslyȱrecordedȱfromȱtheȱAdelbertsȱonlyȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE6FFCCC4BFFC85FD60C7B3.taxon	description	Jewel-babblers were common and vocal at both of our sites, especially Kangarangate. At our higher elevation site, Munggur, where we heard and saw jewel-babblers from 1,170 to 1,655 m, all sightings were of the bicoloured (deep blue and rich chestnut) P. castanonota. At Kangarangate, most of our sightings were also of P. castanonota down to 1,000 m. However, we saw the duller, uniformly coloured P. geislerorum three times, at 1,070, 1,110 and 1,265 m: dull slate-blue individuals that were presumed males, and dull brown individuals presumed to be females. Calls of the two species seemed similar: paired notes, tsp‐tsp, the secondȱofȱeachȱpairȱlouder; ȱandȱaȱseriesȱofȱnotesȱonȱtheȱsameȱhighȱpitch, ȱtheȱfirstȱnotesȱshort, ȱ thenȱaȱlongȱnote, ȱandȱfinallyȱtheȱloudȱ tsp‐tsp. Gilliard collected both species in the Adelberts atȱ differentȱ sitesȱ butȱ similarȱ elevationsȱ (Gilliardȱ & ȱ LeCroyȱ 1967: ȱ 66), ȱ asȱ didȱ Stevensȱ inȱ theȱ Herzog Mts. (Greenway 1935: 55). Coates (1990: 66) found both species co-existing in the Adelberts, even on adjacent territories, at 800 – 1,220 m. The ecological relations between these species remain mysterious to us, because the other four co-existing species of Ptilorrhoa (P. castanonota, ȱSpottedȱ P. leucosticta, Blue P. caerulescens and Black-vented Jewel-babblers P. nigricrissus) segregate cleanly by elevation (Diamond et al. 2019: 455 – 456). P. geislerorum wasȱbelievedȱtoȱbeȱconfinedȱtoȱtheȱnorthernȱwatershedȱofȱsouth-eastȱNewȱGuineaȱwestȱtoȱtheȱ Adelberts, ȱuntilȱVerhelstȱ & ȱPottierȱ (2020) ȱsurprisinglyȱdiscoveredȱ P. geislerorum or a similar taxon sharing Yapen Island with P. castanonota.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE6FFCCC4A0FF61FB84C056.taxon	description	Commonȱ alongȱ withȱ Buff-facedȱ Scrubwrenȱ S. perspicillatus at high elevations, singing its characteristicȱgerygone-likeȱsong. ȱCollectedȱbyȱGilliardȱandȱbyȱPratt, ȱandȱdescribedȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982) as an endemic subspecies. The taxonomic relationship between S. nouhuysi and its low-elevation sibling Tropical Scrubwren S. beccarii has been much debated because of the confusing geographic variation in plumage of S. beccarii (Diamond 1969, 1985, Beehler & Prattȱ 2016). ȱ However, ȱ theirȱ ecologicalȱ relationshipȱ isȱ simpleȱ andȱ clear: ȱ theyȱ segregateȱ byȱ elevation at c. 1,400 m wherever they co-exist (e. g., Kumawa, Foja, north slopes of western Newȱ Guinea’sȱ Centralȱ Range). ȱ Eachȱ speciesȱ isȱ confinedȱ toȱ approximatelyȱ thatȱ sameȱ elevational range in the absence of the other (e. g., S. beccarii in the North Coastal Range and Wandammen, S. nouhuysi in Huon and the northern watershed of the eastern Central Range). The Adelbert population of S. nouhuysi fitsȱthisȱpattern: ȱitȱisȱconfinedȱtoȱelevationsȱ above 1,535 m despite the absence of S. beccarii, which reaches its eastern distributional limit in the northern watershed of the North Coastal Range 160 km west of the Adelberts.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE6FFCCC4A0FDB7FEC3C0A0.taxon	description	Commonȱaboveȱ 1,590 ȱm, ȱsingingȱmainlyȱatȱdawn. ȱWeȱonceȱidentifiedȱGrey-greenȱScrubwrenȱ S. arfakianus at 1,650 m, but it may also have accounted for sightings of Sericornis unidentifiedȱ to species.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FF61FD76C296.taxon	description	Heard and seen three times, both at Kangarangate and at Munggur. Like Sericulus [aureus], this species is encountered much less often on the Central Range than on the outlying mountains, where it is known from eight ranges.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FC12FCA8C605.taxon	description	We observed this species just once, along a river at 615 m, but it is so distinctive in behaviour that it is well known to villagers (named ‘ manini’ and ‘ asliklik’ at Munggur and Kangarangate, ȱrespectively). ȱPreviouslyȱreportedȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FA96FBF1C461.taxon	description	Abundant above 1,570 m, where the species was heard far more often than it was seen. Thereȱareȱtwoȱdifferentȱhigh-pitchedȱwhistledȱlongȱsongs, ȱoneȱslowȱandȱtheȱotherȱfast, ȱbothȱ consistingȱofȱaȱrepeatedȱfour-noteȱorȱfive-noteȱseriesȱonȱtwoȱcloselyȱspacedȱpitches. ȱTheȱcallȱ isȱaȱsingleȱshortȱclearȱwhistle. ȱPreviouslyȱcollectedȱinȱtheȱAdelbertsȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FB69FD1DC68E.taxon	description	Weȱ observedȱ thisȱ inconspicuousȱ flycatcherȱ twiceȱ (onceȱ atȱ eachȱ studyȱ site), ȱ sallyingȱ inȱ theȱ canopy, at 1,165 and 1,260 m. First Adelbert records.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FCBBFBFCC1BC.taxon	description	Common above 1,570 m, with calling males spaced along the ridge. We saw adult males but no female-plumaged birds. As true of other New Guinea mountaineers, Munggur villagers gaveȱdifferentȱnamesȱtoȱmalesȱ (‘ menemenemburúm’) ȱandȱfemalesȱ (‘ soboromúnga’).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FB1FFCF2C738.taxon	description	We observed this specialist of rushing mountain streams only at a river at 650 m. The sole previous Adelbert record was a specimen obtained by Beck.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FEF7FD42C3A0.taxon	description	Modestly common above 1,570 m, from the understorey to the canopy. Sings mainly at dawn. ȱ Allȱ songsȱ areȱ aȱ simpleȱ patternȱ ofȱ aȱ half-dozenȱ whistledȱ notesȱ andȱ slurs, ȱ butȱ eachȱ renditionȱ differsȱ fromȱ theȱ previousȱ one. ȱ Despiteȱ theȱ absenceȱ inȱ theȱAdelbertsȱ ofȱ itsȱ usualȱ hill-forest congener Rusty Whistler P. hyperythra, the Adelbert population of P. soror does not expand its elevational range downslope.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFC2C4A0F9CDFF1AC2D6.taxon	description	Very uncommon (just four records) at 1,500 – 1,570 m. Like elsewhere in New Guinea, there areȱ twoȱ quiteȱ differentȱ songs: ȱ aȱ soft, ȱ veryȱ fast, ȱ rising, ȱ musicalȱ seriesȱ ofȱ notes; ȱ andȱ aȱ loudȱ unmusicalȱoutburstȱcomprisingȱaȱrepeatedȱthree-noteȱpattern. ȱPreviouslyȱcollectedȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE7FFCDC4A0FE0EFF1AC152.taxon	description	Common above 1,475 m, singing, often in pairs. Previously recorded for the Adelberts only byȱPrattȱ (1982). WAHNES’S PAROTIA Parotia wahnesi Uncommon: ȱheardȱfiveȱtimesȱbetweenȱ 1,495 ȱandȱ 1,660 ȱm. ȱItsȱvocalisationsȱareȱaȱmedleyȱofȱ staccato clucks; short harsh notes are repeated at half-second intervals, like the sound made by striking a hollow log; other unusual sounds; and clear notes. Well known to Munggur villagers and named ‘ kakopelima’. We found no display courts, probably because villagers reportedȱthatȱtheseȱareȱsitedȱinȱgulliesȱratherȱthanȱonȱtheȱridge. ȱPreviouslyȱreportedȱbyȱPrattȱ (1982).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE8FFC2C4A0FF37FC96C340.taxon	description	We observed one pair at 1,000 m near Kangarangate. KDB heard and saw several at 850 m (Keki Lodge). Previously observed in the Adelberts by Beehler.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE8FFC2C4A0FD05FBE8C452.taxon	description	We saw no mannikins in the Adelberts, but Kangarangate villagers described birds that were clearly mannikins as ‘ kugursarsar’. The only mannikin known to occur in the Adelberts is the forest-edge species L. tristissima, collected by Beck and by Gilliard. Evidently, the gardenȱ andȱ grasslandȱ patchesȱ ofȱ theȱAdelbertsȱ areȱ tooȱ smallȱ andȱ recentȱ toȱ haveȱ attractedȱ any of New Guinea’s open grassland Lonchura species yet. In contrast, many areas of the Central Range and three other outliers, where dense human farming populations and open grassland have existed for centuries or millennia, each support one or two of six specialised grassland Lonchura species. We mention this to alert future visitors to look for colonisation of the Adelberts by some grassland Lonchura. Mixed-species flocks. — Elsewhere in New Guinea (Diamond 1987) one encounters two typesȱofȱmixed-speciesȱforagingȱflocks: ȱaȱ‘brown-black’ȱflockȱofȱmedium-sizedȱomnivores, ȱ most of them with brown and / or black plumage, and consisting especially of pitohuis, birdsȱ ofȱ paradise, ȱ drongosȱ andȱ cuckoo-shrikes; ȱ andȱ aȱ flockȱ ofȱ smallȱ insectivores. ȱ Inȱ ourȱ Adelbertȱ studiesȱ atȱ elevationsȱ aboveȱ 640 ȱ mȱ weȱ encounteredȱ onlyȱ theȱ latterȱ type. ȱ Weȱ metȱ noȱ brown-blackȱ flocksȱ despiteȱ theȱ abundantȱ presenceȱ ofȱ twoȱ Pitohui species, and we encounteredȱnoȱmixed-speciesȱflocksȱofȱeitherȱtypeȱatȱtheȱhighestȱelevationsȱaboveȱ 1,500 ȱm. ȱ Between 1,050 and 1,415 m at both Munggur and Kangarangate, the noisiest and most regularlyȱ encounteredȱ membersȱ ofȱ smallȱ insectivoreȱ flocksȱ wereȱ Chestnut-belliedȱ Fantailȱ Rhipidura hyperythra, Black-winged Monarch Monarcha frater and Fairy Gerygone Gerygone palpebrosa, plus the pseudo-drongo Drongo Fantail Chaetorhynchus papuensis that is now consideredȱ aȱ fantailȱ (Beehlerȱ & ȱ Prattȱ 2016) ȱ andȱ usuallyȱ accompaniesȱ brown-blackȱ flocks. ȱ Otherȱ frequentȱ membersȱ ofȱ theseȱ flocksȱ wereȱ Ochre-collaredȱ Arses insularis and Fantailed Monarchs Symposiachrus axillaris, and three brown species that elsewhere accompany brown-blackȱ flocksȱ (femaleȱ Kingȱ Birdȱ ofȱ Paradiseȱ Cicinnurus magnificus, Tawny-breasted Honeyeater Xanthotis flaviventer ȱandȱLittleȱShrikethrushȱ Colluricincla megarhyncha).	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
0388A018FFE8FFC2C4A0FEAEFCB2C0A9.taxon	description	Common at Kangarangate down to 905 m, and abundant at Munggur up to 1,645 m. The Adelbert song is the ‘ wheel song’ characteristic of the species elsewhere in New Guinea: aȱ descendingȱ seriesȱ ofȱ notesȱ likeȱ theȱ soundȱ ofȱ aȱ wheelȱ turning, ȱ terminatingȱ inȱ aȱ flourish. ȱ Because two or three Zosterops species co-exist by elevational segregation on all other outliers except Van Rees, and because one Zosterops specimen collected in the Adelberts by W. Peckover was catalogued as Z. novaeguineae (very similar in plumage to Z. atrifrons, but veryȱ differentȱ inȱ song) ȱ beforeȱ beingȱ preparedȱ asȱ aȱ skeleton, ȱ weȱ paidȱ particularȱ attentionȱ to Adelbert white-eyes and their songs. All singing Zosterops that we encountered gave the ‘ wheel song’ of Z. atrifrons. Because we found Z. atrifrons abundant up to the highest elevations in the Adelberts, it seems unlikely that Z. novaeguineae or any other Zosterops species could be present at high elevations along with Z. atrifrons.	en	Diamond, Jared, Bishop, K. David (2021): Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains’ only endemic bird species? Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 141 (1): 75-108, DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i1.2021.a8
