identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039687DAFFDBFFEDFF4CF986FBEBF599.text	039687DAFFDBFFEDFF4CF986FBEBF599.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arctiinae Leach 1815	<div><p>Subfamily Arctiinae Leach, [1815]</p> <p>Genus Lemyra Walker, 1856: 1690</p> <p>Type species: Lemyra extensa Walker, 1856 (by monotypy)</p> <p>= Carbisa Moore, 1879: 41. (Type species: Carbisa venosa Moore, 1879)</p> <p>Subgenus Thyrgorina Walker, [1865]: 317</p> <p>Type species: Thyrgorina spilosomata Walker, [1865] 1864 (by monotypy)</p> <p>= Echlida Walker, 1865: 386. (Type species: Echlida subjecta Walker, 1865)</p> <p>= Icambosida Walker, 1865: 400. (Type species: Icambosida nigrifrons Walker, 1865)</p> <p>= Thanatarctia Butler, 1877: 395. (Type species: Thanatarctia infernalis Butler, 1877)</p> <p>= Challa Moore, 1879: 398. (Type species: Challa discalis Moore, 1879)</p> <p>= Xanthomaenas Roepke, 1940: 25. (Type species: Xanthomaenas singularis Roepke, 1940)</p> <p>= Allochrista Roepke, 1946: 85. (Type species: Allochrista toxopei Roepke, 1946: 86)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Members of Lemyra look like Spilosoma or Spilarctia, but have small sized adults with weaker bodies, and comparatively shorter abdomen. In the male genitalia of Lemyra, the valva is simple, nearly cylindrical, with a subapical or medial process (though absent in a few species) and in most of the species, vesica bears one or two prominent fields of small spines, whereas in the male genitalia of Spilosoma, valva is bilobed; vesica is bigger, globular or more elongate, frequently with small lateral lobes having zones of scobination and clusters of cornuti and in Spilarctia, valva bears several processes and vesica bears small patches of spines.</p> <p>Descriptive account. Majorly, the adults have white or yellowish white to yellow or reddish yellow wings with highly variable patterns of black maculation. Forewing fasciae are usually made up of small, grey brown to dark brown spots which can be intense to form broad bands, or sometimes, rudimentary in a few white species. There is only one Indian species of Lemyra with a black forewing costa, i.e., L. spilosomata Walker [1865]. In most of the species, the hindwing has tornal spots or bands and the discal and submarginal spots vary considerably between as well as within species. The abdomen is white, yellow or red with typical Arctiinae pattern of dorsal and lateral black spots. Male antennae are black and bipectinate, while females have simple and ciliate antennae. Labial palpi are usually black, with a red base in some species. Apart from a prominent white or yellowish tinge to the patagia edges in some species, the thorax is usually unmarked. In most of the species, tegulae are white, yellow or red. The underside of the thorax is usually coloured black, less brown, yellow, or red. Legs are mostly black or yellow, while sometimes, with a red or black femur on the first pair of legs. Hindleg tibia with two pairs of spurs (grouped in subgenus Thyrgorina), whereas, a few species have single pair of tibial spurs on the hindleg (grouped in nominotypical subgenus Lemyra). The male genitalia of Lemyra are characterized by somewhat triangular uncus, reaching well beyond the valva; a narrow vinculum-tegumen complex; the valva is nearly cylindrical that, in most species, possesses a short inner process situated subapically or medially. Juxta is broad, plate-like and domed. Aedeagus vesica generally bears one or two fields of short spines. Female genitalia have a small corpus bursa with a sclerotized base that is connected to sclerotized ductus bursae.</p> <p>Species account</p> <p>Lemyra is a hyper diverse and one of the largest genera of Arctiini (Arctiinae), comprising 117 species from the world with 48 from India. We investigated morphology and genitalia characters of more than 350 specimens of Lemyra and identified a total of 42 species in subgenus Thyrgorina from India including seven new species: Lemyra (T.) rubripecta sp. nov., L. (T.) densimacula sp. nov., L. (T.) fortiorspina sp. nov., L. (T.) apatani sp. nov., L. (T.) adunca sp. nov., L. (T.) obsoleta sp. nov. and L. (T.) pinus sp. nov. Seven synonyms are proposed herein: L. (T.) punctilinea (Moore, 1879), syn. nov. under L. (T.) flavalis (Moore, 1865), L. (T.) magnaproteus N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016, syn. nov. under L. (T.) proteus (De Joannis, 1928), Thanatarctia costalis Kaleka, 2012, syn. nov., Thanatarctia collarlis Kaleka, 2012, syn. nov., L. (T.) collarlis N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Kaleka, 2016, syn. nov. (objective synonym of T. collarlis Kaleka, 2012), L. (T.) pseudocollarlis N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Kaleka, 2016, syn. nov. under L. (T.) nigrescens (Rothschild, 1910) and L. (T.) angularis (Strand, 1919) under L. (T.) spilosomata (Walker, [1865]). Lemyra (T.) aurantiaca (Fang, 1985), stat. rev., a new record for India, is upgraded to species level. Additionally, two species i.e., L. (T.) kaikarisi Saldaitis et al., 2019 and L. (T.) persephone Saldaitis et al., 2020 are reported for the first time from India.</p> <p>Herein, we divide the genus into five species groups. Thomas (1990) grouped the genus Lemyra based on external maculation, however, due to close similarity among various species and the simultaneous existence of multiple variants, it is difficult to follow the species groups based on colouration and wing maculation. So, we attempted to group the Indian species into five broad categories based on the attributes of aedeagus vesica of the male genitalia:</p> <p>Group A: vesica with a lateral spined plate only, no patch/ field of spines</p> <p>Group B: vesica with a lateral spined plate and a single patch of spines</p> <p>Group C: vesica with a single patch of spines (lateral spined plate absent)</p> <p>Group D: vesica with two patches of spines (lateral spined plate absent)</p> <p>Group E: vesica with lateral spined plate and two patches of spines</p> <p>We could not assign four Indian species, L. (T.) melanochroa (Hampson, 1918), L. (T.) neurica (Hampson, 1911), L. (T.) pilosa (Rothschild, 1910) and L. (T.) venosa (Moore, 1879) in any of the above groups as we do not have their specimens and their genitalia are not yet published anywhere.</p> <p>Group A: Vesica with lateral spined plate only, no patch/ field of spines</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFDBFFEDFF4CF986FBEBF599	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD9FFE3FF4CFDFEFC01F4DC.text	039687DAFFD9FFE3FF4CFDFEFC01F4DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) neglecta (Rothschild 1910)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) neglecta (Rothschild, 1910): 121 (Diacrisia)</p> <p>(Figs 1–3, 95–98)</p> <p>TL: Sikkim [India]. Lectotype designated by Hampson (1920)</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Nagaland: [Kohima district], Kohima, 2 ♂, 14.ix.1994, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12511/H10); [Phek district], Pfutsero, 1 ♂, 18.ix.94, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12512/H10); Sikkim: [North Sikkim district], Kalapathar, 2 ♂, 01.ix.2014, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12514/H10); Himachal Pradesh: [Chamba district], Saho, 3 ♂, 12.ix.2006, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12507/H10); Pukhri, 5 ♂, 13.ix.2006, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12506/H10); [Kullu district], Kullu, GHNP, Khain, 4 ♂, 15.vi.2017, K. Mallick leg. (NZCZSI; 12508/ H10); Jammu and Kashmir: [Ramban district], Patnitop, 2 ♂, 28.viii.1994 (NZCZSI; 12510/H10), A.P.S. Kaleka leg. Arunachal Pradesh: [West Kameng district], Bomdila, 1 ♂, 23.viii.2006, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12513/H10); [Tawang district], Jang, 3 ♂, 15.v.2019, R. Lenka leg. (NZCZSI; 12509/H10); Uttarakhand: [Pithoragarh district], Askot WLS, Chipla Kedar, 1 ♂, 30.vi.2018, A.K. Sanyal leg. (NZCZSI; 12516/H10); West Bengal: [Alipurduar district], Jayanti, 1 ♂, 25.ix.2018, R. Lenka leg. (NZCZSI; 12515/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 19 mm. Externally, L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 1 – 3) and nearly thirteen other species in Lemyra have the ground colour of wings whitish with indistinct maculation and abdomen yellowish or reddish in common and thus, are better defined based on external genitalia. Among the species of first group, L. (T.) neglecta is closely similar to L. (T.) melli (Daniel, 1943), but is distinguished by a yellow abdomen (reddish in L. (T.) melli) and in male genitalia, valva is longer, subapical process and apical portion of valva prominent whereas, in L. (T.) melli subapical process and apical portion of valva are reduced (Thomas 1990: 72, Figs 36, 37). In external appearance, L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 1 – 3) is closely similar to two more species distributed in India, L. (T.) nigrifrons (Walker, 1865) (Figs 59, 60) and L. (T.) melanosoma (Hampson, 1894) (Figs 70, 71). Among the three, L. (T.) nigrifrons is easier to separate on the basis of its bright yellow tegulae and the ventral side of the abdomen blackish. Lemyra (T.) neglecta and L. (T.) melanosoma are almost indistinguishable externally, but are clearly distinguishable by the male genitalia. In Lemyra (T.) neglecta (Figs 95, 97) uncus is somewhat triangular with a broad base and a gradually tapering apex (in L. (T.) melanosoma (Fig. 171) uncus has a broad, bowl like basal half which abruptly terminates into an acute, pointed apex), valva is shorter and less robust with shorter and more pointed subapical process situated nearer to the apex; aedeagus (Figs 96, 98) vesica with a strong, lateral, spined plate and devoid of any spinous patch (whereas in L. (T.) melanosoma (Fig. 172), vesica has a distal large patch of moderate to long spines and lateral spined plate is absent).</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Assam, Nagaland, Sikkim, South India (Palni Hills, Rampur), West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Rothschild 1910, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand (present study). Global records: southern Tibet (western slope of Himalaya near Zhangmu), Myanmar, Nepal (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: In the vesica plate of L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 96, 98), we found a variable number of teeth like spines ranging from 3–8 of smaller and larger size. So far, L. (T.) neglecta is reported from Central Himalaya, South India and Northeast India. In the present study, we extend its distributional range to West and East Himalaya. The species is found to prefer lower West Himalayan temperate forests in West Himalaya and in East Himalaya it is observed in East Himalayan wet temperate forest.</p> <p>Group B: Vesica with lateral spined plate and single patch of spines</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD9FFE3FF4CFDFEFC01F4DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD7FFE3FF4CFF02FE45F570.text	039687DAFFD7FFE3FF4CFF02FE45F570.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rubripecta Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rubripecta sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 4–6, 99, 100, 201)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD7FFE3FF4CFF02FE45F570	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD7FFE2FF4CFB4AFB85F5C0.text	039687DAFFD7FFE2FF4CFB4AFB85F5C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) biseriata (Moore 1877)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) biseriata (Moore, 1877): 596 (Alpenus)</p> <p>(Figs 7–9, 101, 102, 202)</p> <p>TL: S[outh] Andamans. This is by mistake, probably Assam (India) (Thomas 1990, Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>= Alpenus flavens Moore, 1879: 39 (TL: Cherra Punji, Assam [Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, India])</p> <p>Material examined: India, Assam: [Dima Hasao district], Jatinga, 1 ♀, 26.ix.1995, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12811/H10); 1 ♀, 28.ix.1995, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12812/H10); Mizoram: [Aizawl district], Aibawk, 2 ♀, 17.xi.1995, M.S. Shishodia leg. (NZCZSI; 12809/H10); Nagaland: [Kohima district], Kohima, 2 ♂, 23.iv.2017, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12808/H10); West Bengal: [Kalimpong district], Neora Valley NP, Suntalekhola, 1 ♂, 8.vii.2018, K. Bhattacharyya &amp; party leg. (NZCZSI; 12813/H10); [Darjeeling district], Sittong, 1 ♂, 21.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12810/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 14 mm, ♀ 19 mm. Externally, L. (T.) biseriata (Figs 7–9) is closely similar to L. (T.) bimaculata (Moore, 1879) (Figs 26–29), but is distinct by a pale orange red suffusion of wings which is more intense on hindwing, more loosely arranged marginal series of black spots on hindwing and absence of a distinct costal black spot at the basal region of forewing. However, all of these characters are highly variable and thus, both the species are best diagnosed through male genitalia features. In male genitalia, L. (T.) biseriata (Figs 101, 102) is distinct by the valva having more acute apex and vesica with a thin, sclerotized lateral spined plate of minute spines along with a patch of spines, whereas in L. (T.) bimaculata (Figs 124, 126, 128, 130), vesica bears a large patch of dense spines and the lateral spined plate is absent. Lemyra (T.) eximia (Figs 34, 35) also resembles L. (T.) biseriata in external appearance except for thicker maculation on forewing and in hindwing, thicker and larger series of marginal spots. Whereas in L. (T.) biseriata (Figs 7–9), maculation of forewing is thinner and hindwing has two tornal spots. In male genitalia of L. eximia, vesica bears a narrow, distal patch of hair like spines and the lateral spined plate is absent (Fig. 138) whereas in L. (T.) biseriata (Fig. 102), the lateral spined plate is recurved, somewhat forming a thumb like process at the apex of aedeagus.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Assam, Meghalaya (Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji) (Chandra &amp; Kumar 1992, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Mizoram, Nagaland, West Bengal (present study). Global records: Nepal (Thomas 1990, Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: Lemyra (T.) biseriata is reported from Northeast India and is geographically isolated from its similar looking L. (T.) bimaculata distributed in Northwest Himalaya. Lemyra (T.) biseriata was described on the basis of a female type. Here we discuss the morphology of adult male with its genitalia for the first time. The species flies at an altitude range of 700–1450 m in the tropical wet evergreen forest of Assam and Mizoram, the sub Himalayan secondary dry mixed forest of West Bengal and the wet temperate forest of Naga Hills.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD7FFE2FF4CFB4AFB85F5C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD6FFE2FF4CFE2FFE76F642.text	039687DAFFD6FFE2FF4CFE2FFE76F642.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) densimacula Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) densimacula sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 10, 11, 103, 104)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD6FFE2FF4CFE2FFE76F642	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD6FFE0FF4CFAC7FEAAF07C.text	039687DAFFD6FFE0FF4CFAC7FEAAF07C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) flavalis (Moore 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) flavalis (Moore, 1865): 809 (Spilosoma)</p> <p>(Figs 12–17, 105–114)</p> <p>TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India]. Lectotype designated by Thomas (1990)</p> <p>= S [pilosoma] rubitincta Moore, 1865: 809 (TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India])</p> <p>= S [pilosoma] lativitta Moore, 1865: 809. (TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India])</p> <p>= D [iacrisia] unilinea Rothschild, 1910: 133 (TL: Pu-tsu-fong [West China])</p> <p>= Icambosida punctilinea Moore, 1879: 40, syn. nov. (TL: Darjeeling [India, West Bengal])</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Meghalaya: [East Khasi Hill district], Shillong, 1 ♂, 5.ix.2001, J.S. Sodhi leg. (NZCZSI; 12764/H10); Himachal Pradesh: [Chamba district], Saho, 1 ♂, 12.ix.2006, N.S. Gill [N. Singh] leg. (NZCZSI; 12751/H10); Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Nathula, 1 ♂, 10.vii.2003, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12750/ H10); Pangthang, 1 ♂, 2.vii.2019, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12761/H10); Jammu and Kashmir: [Ramban district], Patnitop, 1 ♂, 22.v.2014, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12765/H10); West Bengal: [Kalimpong district], Neora Valley NP, 1 ♂, 9.xi.2016, K. Mondal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12759/H10); Arunachal Pradesh: [Dibang Valley district], Malini, 1 ♂, 27.x.2017, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12762/H10); Dihang Dibang BR, Krupra, 1 ♂, 7.vi.2018, S. Gayan &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12752/H10), 1 ♂, 8.vi.2018, S. Gayan &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12753/H10), Ahipu, 1 ♂, 9.vi.2018, S. Gayan &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12754/H10); [West Kameng district], Bomdila, 1 ♀, 25.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12760/H10); Tenga, 1 ♂, 7.vii.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12763/H10); Uttarakhand: [Chamoli district], Ghangaria, 2 ♂, 11.vii.2018, J. Saini &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12755/H10), 1 ♂, 14.vii.2018, J. Saini &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12757/H10); 1 ♂, 30.viii.2018, H. Kumar &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12756/H10); [Pithoragarh district], Askot WLS, Vayman, 1 ♂, 3.vii.2018, A. Sanyal and Nandi Das leg. (NZCZSI; 12758/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 21 mm. Lemyra (T.) flavalis (Figs 12–17) is a variable species having a form with yellowish forewing and white hindwing (S. lativitta, Figs 12, 14) and another with reddish yellow forewing and reddish tinged hindwing (S. rubitincta, Fig. 17). Lemyra (T.) flavalis was studied as a member of L. jankowskiiflavalis species group (s. str. Saldaitis et al. 2018), comprising seven species. Of which, L. (T.) flavalis is most closely similar to L. (T.) heringi (Daniel, 1943) (Saldaitis et al. 2018, Figs 7, 16) from China due to the presence of a lateral spined plate and a patch of spines, whereas, the lateral spined plate is absent in other species i.e., L. (T.) jankowskii jankowskii (Oberthür, 1880) (Saldaitis et al. 2018, Figs 3, 14), L. (T.) jankowskii soror (Leech, 1899) (Saldaitis et al. 2018, Figs 4–6, 15), L. (T.) hanoica (Daniel, 1953) (Saldaitis et al. 2018, Figs 10, 19) and L. (T.) elena Saldaitis, Volynkin &amp; Duda, 2018 (Saldaitis et al. 2018, Figs 1, 2, 11–13). Lemyra (T.) heringi is clearly distinct by smaller size, paler forewing with less pointed apex, complete postmedial maculate band touching costa of apex and a series of small submarginal spots. In male genitalia, L. (T.) flavalis (Figs 105–114) is distinct by the vesica having a typical arcuate, strong, sclerotized lateral spined plate of minute spines. While in L. (T.) heringi, the lateral spined plate is straighter and vesica has a larger distal patch of dense, minute spines.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand (present study). Global records: Bhutan, Myanmar, southern and eastern Tibet, China (Sichuan, Yunnan), Nepal (Dubatolov 2010, de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: Herein, we synonymise L. (T.) punctilinea (Moore, 1879) (Figs 111, 112) with L. (T.) flavalis (Figs 105–110, 113, 114) as the male genitalia of both the species did not reveal any significant species level difference. During the study, we found another, pure white specimen from the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand with male genitalia identical to L. (T.) flavalis. In India, L. (T.) flavalis is known from the Central Himalaya (Sikkim and Darjeeling) up to an altitude of 2200 m and thus, its present reports from the East and Northwest Himalaya expand its known range both geographically and altitudinally. The species is found to inhabit West Himalayan subalpine birch/fir forest in West Himalaya and East Himalayan subalpine birch/fir forest in East Himalaya at an altitude range of 498–3660 m.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD6FFE0FF4CFAC7FEAAF07C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD4FFE7FF4CFBBEFAF5F5BC.text	039687DAFFD4FFE7FF4CFBBEFAF5F5BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) obliquivitta (Moore 1879)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) obliquivitta (Moore, 1879): 40 (Spilarctia)</p> <p>(Figs 18–20, 115, 116, 203)</p> <p>TL: Darjiling [Darjeeling, West Bengal, India]</p> <p>= Spilarctia jucunda Butler, 1881: 32 (TL: Darjiling [Darjeeling, West Bengal, India])</p> <p>Material Examined: India, West Bengal: [Kalimpong district], Rishop, 3 ♂, 5.ix.2016, K. Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12746/H10); 2 ♂, 12.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12740/H10); Lava, 1 ♂, 17.iii.2018, P.C. Pathania leg. (NZCZSI; 12747/H10); [Darjeeling district], Manebhanjyang, 2 ♂, 4 ♀, 16.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12739/H10); Mizoram: [Mamit district], Zamuang, 1 ♂, 16.ix.2016, S.S. Bisht leg. (NZCZSI; 12742/ H10); 1 ♂, 14.ix.2016, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12741/H10); Arunachal Pradesh: [Dibang valley district], Anini, Chaipani, 1 ♂, 16.iv.2017, S. Gayan &amp; Party, leg. (NZCZSI; 12749/H10), Meyhoopey, 1 ♂, 17.v.2018, S. Gayan &amp; Party, leg. (NZCZSI; 12748/H10); [Tawang district], Tawang, 1 ♂, 29.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12744/ H10), 2 ♂, 1.vii.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12743/H10); Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Padamchen, 1 ♀, 31.v.2017, K. Mondal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12745/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing Length: ♂ 18 mm, ♀ 23 mm. Externally, L. (T.) obliquivitta (Figs 18, 19) is reminiscent of L. (T.) flavalis (Figs 12–17) (particularly of its synonym I. punctilinea) in having blackish, maculate transverse band on yellowish white forewing but in former, the band is narrower and somewhat complete from apex to the middle of inner margin. In L. (T.) flavalis, the forewing is buff yellow (yellowish white in I. punctilinea), often with a reddish tinge, having greyish and thicker maculate transverse band which is rarely complete and ending much before the apex. In L. (T.) obliquivitta, the abdomen is yellow with dorsal black spots which is red or orange red with dorsal black spots in L. (T.) flavalis. In male genitalia, L. (T.) obliquivitta (Figs 115, 116) is clearly distinct from L. (T.) flavalis (Figs 105–114) by the truncate valva, without any subapical process and the straight aedeagus, while in the latter, the valva is complete with a small subapical process and the aedeagus is distinctly curved. Lemyra (T.) rubidorsa (Moore, 1865) (Figs 117, 118), although dissimilar externally by pure white wings and red abdomen, is closely similar to L. (T.) obliquivitta by the male genitalia having truncate valva, without any process and straight aedeagus with vesica having a lateral spined plate and a large, distal patch of spines. However, both the species are distinct by the shorter and blunt uncus, shorter valva and thinner aedeagus in L. (T.) obliquivitta (Figs 115, 116).</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Assam, Manipur, Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram (present study). Global records: Bhutan, eastern Tibet, China (Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Thailand, Vietnam (Dubatolov 2010, de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: In India, L. (T.) obliquivitta is so far reported from the Central Himalaya and Northeast. Herein, we extend its range to East Himalayan landscape of Arunachal Pradesh. Lemyra (T.) obliquivitta is found to fly in a wide altitude range of 48–3050 m in the East Himalayan subalpine wet hill forest, East Himalayan subtropical wet hill forest and East Himalayan wet temperate forest of Central and East Himalaya and Northeast India.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD4FFE7FF4CFBBEFAF5F5BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFA41FB60F2B9.text	039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFA41FB60F2B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) proteus (De Joannis 1928)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) proteus (De Joannis, 1928): 275 (Maenas)</p> <p>(Figs 23–25, 119–122)</p> <p>TL: Choganh, Tonkin (Vietnam). Lectotype designated by Thomas (1990: 35)</p> <p>= Maenas proteus var. deficiens de Joannis, 1928: 276 (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Maenas proteus f. flava de Joannis, 1928: 276 (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Maenas proteus f. melana de Joannis, 1928: 276 (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Maenas proteus var. salmonea de Joannis, 1928: 277 (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Maenas proteus flavigena de Joannis, 1928: 280 (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Lemyra (T.) magnaproteus N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 20, syn. nov. (TL: Wokha, Nagaland [India])</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFA41FB60F2B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFDFEFDBAF126.text	039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFDFEFDBAF126.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rubidorsa (Moore 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rubidorsa (Moore, 1865): 808 (Spilosoma)</p> <p>(Figs 21, 22, 117, 118)</p> <p>TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India]</p> <p>= Icambosida dorsalis Moore, 1888: 394 (TL: Dharmsala [Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, India])</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Mizoram: [Aizawl district], Reiek, 3 ♂, 20.iv.2017, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12838/ H10); West Bengal: [Kalimpong district], Jhandi, 4 ♂, 10.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12836/H10); Rishop, 2 ♂, 12.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12837/H10); [Darjeeling district], Sittong, 1 ♂, 20.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12839/H10); Himachal Pradesh: [Solan district], Solan, 1 ♂, 26.ix.1991, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12841/H10); Uttarakhand: [Chamoli district], Bamiyala, 1 ♂, 3.viii.2016, S.S. Bisht leg. (NZCZSI; 12840/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing Length: ♂ 17.5 mm. Externally, L. (T.) rubidorsa (Figs 21, 22) is closely similar to roughly thirteen species which share pure white wings with greyish or blackish maculation and reddish abdomen with variable pattern of black spots or bands on it. However, L. (T.) rubidorsa is easily separable from its closely similar congeners by the red colour of foreleg femur and immaculate red abdomen. In male genitalia, L. (T.) rubidorsa (Figs 117, 118) is closely similar to L. (T.) obliquivitta (Figs 115, 116). The diagnosis is discussed under L. (T.) obliquivitta.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Assam, West Bengal (Darjeeling), Indian Himalaya (from Himachal Pradesh to Sikkim), (Moore 1865, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Mizoram (present study). Global records: Pakistan (Azad Kashmir), Tibet (western slopes of Himalaya in Zhangmu), China (Yunnan) (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: The species is found to inhabit Himalayan chir pine forest in West Himalaya and East Himalayan subtropical wet hill forest and East Himalayan wet temperate forest in central and East Himalaya and North East within an altitude range of 712–2591 m.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD3FFE7FF4CFDFEFDBAF126	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD1FFE5FF4CFCC2FAD9F055.text	039687DAFFD1FFE5FF4CFCC2FAD9F055.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) bimaculata (Moore 1879)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) bimaculata (Moore, 1879): 398 (Challa)</p> <p>(Figs 26–29, 123–130)</p> <p>TL: Dharmsala [Dharamshala, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, India]. Lectotype designated by Hampson (1901).</p> <p>= Challa discalis Moore, 1879: 399 (TL: NW Himalayas [India])</p> <p>= Challa quadrimaculata Moore, 1888: 395 (TL: Palampore, Punjab? [Himachal Pradesh, India])</p> <p>= Thanatarctia crispens Kaleka, 2000: 320 (TL: Loharkhet, 2000 m, Uttar Pradesh [Bageshwar, Uttarakhand], India) = Thanatarctia kodai Kaleka, 2000: 322 (TL: Loharkhet, 2000 m, Uttar Pradesh, [Bageshwar, Uttarakhand] India) = Thanatarctia saccuens Kaleka, 2000: 324 (TL: Loharkhet, 2000 m, Uttar Pradesh, [Bageshwar, Uttarakhand] India)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD1FFE5FF4CFCC2FAD9F055	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFAECFDF9F1DC.text	039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFAECFDF9F1DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) bucseki N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) bucseki N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 19</p> <p>(Figs 32, 33, 135, 136)</p> <p>TL: Vazula [Himachal Pradesh, India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFAECFDF9F1DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFF4AFE1AF575.text	039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFF4AFE1AF575.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudobimaculata N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudobimaculata N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 10</p> <p>(Figs 30, 131, 132)</p> <p>TL: Tawaghat, Uttarakhand [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFF4AFE1AF575	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFD2BFD00F71B.text	039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFD2BFD00F71B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) tawaghatensis N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) tawaghatensis N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 11</p> <p>(Figs 31, 133, 134)</p> <p>TL: Tawaghat [Pithoragarh District], Uttarakhand, [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD0FFE4FF4CFD2BFD00F71B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFD0FFFBFF4CF922FB18F6A0.text	039687DAFFD0FFFBFF4CF922FB18F6A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) eximia (Swinhoe 1891)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) eximia (Swinhoe, 1891): 137 (Alpenus)</p> <p>(Figs 34–36, 137, 138, 204)</p> <p>TL: North Kanara [Karnataka, India]. Lectotype designated by Hampson (1901).</p> <p>Material examined: India, Karnataka: [Shimoga district], Jog falls, 1 ♂, 21.vii.2004, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 5376/H10), 3 ♂, 22.vii.2004, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 5373–75/H10); [Uttara Kannada district], Ganeshgudi,</p> <p>1 ♂, 21.vii.2007, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 5372/H10); [Kodagu district], Madikeri, 1 ♂, 4.i.2005, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12806/H10), 1 ♀, 24.ix.2005, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 15138/H10); Kutta, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 10.x.2006, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12807/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 14 mm. Female, 18 mm. The south Indian species L. (T.) eximia (Figs 34–36) is somewhat reminiscent to the Himalayan species, L. (T.) biseriata (Figs 7–9), L. (T.) bimaculata (Figs 26–27) and L. (T.) densimacula sp. nov. (Figs 10, 11), but is almost unmistakable by its more reddish colour. Lemyra (T.) eximia is further distinct from L. (T.) biseriata and L. (T.) bimaculata, by stronger wing maculation. The intensity of wing maculation in L. (T.) eximia is more similar to L. (T.) densimacula sp. nov., whereas the broad marginal band on hindwing of the latter is replaced by a series of marginal spots in L. (T.) eximia. In male genitalia, L. (T.) eximia (Figs 137, 138) is clearly different from all the above discussed congeners by the short and stout valva with much reduced subapical process and vesica with smaller patch of weak spines.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Karnataka (Ganeshgudi, Jog falls) (Singh et al. 2021). Global records: unknown.</p> <p>Remarks: Lemyra (T.) eximia exhibits sexual dimorphism; in males, the wings are reddish, while the females are yellowish in colour (Thomas 1990). Specimens were collected in Karnataka at an altitude around 1000 m and less than 1000 m from West coast semi evergreen forest and southern moist mixed deciduous forest.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFD0FFFBFF4CF922FB18F6A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFA7FFDC5F24F.text	039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFA7FFDC5F24F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) malshejensis Kirti & Gill 2008	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) malshejensis Kirti &amp; Gill, 2008: 59</p> <p>(Figs 39, 40, 141, 142)</p> <p>TL: Malshej Ghat, Maharashtra [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFA7FFDC5F24F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFCC2FE3CF7F2.text	039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFCC2FE3CF7F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spinisinferma N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spinisinferma N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 22</p> <p>(Figs 37, 38, 139, 140)</p> <p>TL: Vallakadavu, Kerala [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCFFFFBFF4CFCC2FE3CF7F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFD0FFDE3F73F.text	039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFD0FFDE3F73F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cornutiata (Kirti & Gill 2008)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cornutiata (Kirti &amp; Gill, 2008): 159 (Satara)</p> <p>(Figs 43, 44, 145, 146)</p> <p>TL: Ganeshgudi, Karnataka, [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFD0FFDE3F73F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFA88FE2AF1B8.text	039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFA88FE2AF1B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) orhanti N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) orhanti N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 27</p> <p>(Figs 45, 46, 147, 148)</p> <p>TL: Chendruni, Kerala [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFA88FE2AF1B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFF4AFE20F575.text	039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFF4AFE20F575.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) saputarensis N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) saputarensis N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 25</p> <p>(Figs 41, 42, 143, 144)</p> <p>TL: Saputara, Gujarat [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCDFFF9FF4CFF4AFE20F575	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFF4AFD40F575.text	039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFF4AFD40F575.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) coorgensis N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) coorgensis N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 29</p> <p>(Figs 47, 48, 149, 150)</p> <p>TL: Medikeri [Madikeri], Coorg, Karnataka [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFF4AFD40F575	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFD9FFE00F6AF.text	039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFD9FFE00F6AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) latauncus N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) latauncus N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 23</p> <p>(Figs 49, 50, 151, 152)</p> <p>TL: Madikeri, Karnataka [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCBFFFFFF4CFD9FFE00F6AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCBFFFEFF4CFBA0FE04F570.text	039687DAFFCBFFFEFF4CFBA0FE04F570.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rhodophila (Walker 1864)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rhodophila (Walker, 1864): 294 (Spilosoma)</p> <p>(Figs 51, 52, 153, 154)</p> <p>TL: Hindostan [India]</p> <p>Material Examined: India, West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Kurseong, 1 ♂, 28.iv.1995, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12834/H10); Manebhanjyang, 2 ♂, 16.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12830/H10); [Kalimpong district], Jhandi, 1 ♂, 10.ix.2018, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12835/H10); Rishop, 1 ♂, 12.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12828/H10), 7 ♂, 13.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12829/H10); [Alipurduar district], Jayanti, 1 ♂, 24.ix.2018, R. Lenka leg. (NZCZSI; 12831/H10); Arunachal Pradesh: [West Kameng district], Bomdila, 3 ♂, 25.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12827/H10), 1 ♂, 27.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12826/H10); Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Gangtok, 1 ♂, 11.ix.2003, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12833/H10); Jammu and Kashmir: [Baramulla district], Uri, 1 ♂, 10.v.2014, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12832/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing Length: ♂ 19 mm. Lemyra (T.) rhodophila and the next nine species: L. (T.) melanosoma, L. (T.) nigrifrons, L. (T.) kaikarisi, L. (T.) spilosomata, L. (T.) multivittata, L. (T.) pseudoburmanica and the three new species described herein share in common the whitish ground colour and a single patch of spines on vesica. Externally, Lemyra (T.) rhodophila (Figs 51, 52) is reminiscent of an unrelated species, L. (T.) rubidorsa (Figs 21, 22), but is distinct due to presences of dorsal black spots on each abdominal segment, whereas, in L. (T.) rubidorsa, abdomen is without any spot. In male genitalia, L. (T.) rhodophila is distinct from its closely similar species (mentioned above) by smaller size of spines in the distal patch of vesica.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Manipur, Nagaland, Northwest Himalaya, Sikkim (Hampson 1894, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, West Bengal (present study). Global records: Tibet (western slopes of Himalaya in Zhangmu), China (Sichuan), Myanmar (Kambaiti), Nepal (Dubatolov 2010, de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: In India, L. (T.) rhodophila is so far reported from central Himalaya (Sikkim) and North West Himalaya. Herein, our record of L. (T.) rhodophila from Arunachal Pradesh expands its known range towards East Himalaya. The species is found to fly within an altitude range of 1200–2600 m in the subtropical dry evergreen forest of Northwest Himalaya, sub-Himalayan secondary wet mixed forest and East Himalayan wet temperate forest of central and East Himalaya.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCBFFFEFF4CFBA0FE04F570	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CF936FE77F344.text	039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CF936FE77F344.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) adunca Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) adunca sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 57, 58, 159, 160)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CF936FE77F344	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFBC6FE77F034.text	039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFBC6FE77F034.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) apatani Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) apatani sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 55, 56, 157, 158)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFBC6FE77F034	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFEB2FE77F5C0.text	039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFEB2FE77F5C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) fortiorspina Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) fortiorspina sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 53, 54, 155, 156)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFCAFFFEFF4CFEB2FE77F5C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC8FFFCFF4CFD52FAB2F204.text	039687DAFFC8FFFCFF4CFD52FAB2F204.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrifrons (Walker 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrifrons (Walker, 1865): 401 (Icambosida)</p> <p>(Figs 59, 60, 161, 162)</p> <p>TL: Hindostan [India]</p> <p>Material Examined: India, West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Singalila NP, Chitre, 1 ♂, 26.viii.2016, Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12520/H10), 2 ♂, 15.v.2018, Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12519/H10), Gairibas, 2 ♂, 21.v.2018, Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12517/H10), Meghma, 1 ♂, 18.v.2018, Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12518/H10); [Kalimpong district], Neora Valley, 1 ♂, 6.ix.2016, K. Mondal and Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12521/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 18 mm. Externally, L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 59, 60) resembles L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 1 – 3), L. (T.) melanosoma (Figs 70, 71) and L. (T.) khasiana (Figs 85, 86). The differences between L. (T.) nigrifrons, L. (T.) neglecta and L. (T.) melanosoma have already been discussed under the latter two species. Furthermore, L. (T.) nigrifrons is distinct from L. (T.) khasiana by the black colour of the area surrounding the palpi and first pair of legs (ochreous in L. (T.) khasiana) and the abdomen with an extensive black colouration laterally and a narrow white strip ventrally. In male genitalia, L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 161, 162) is clearly distinct from L. (T.) khasiana (Figs 191, 192) by the thicker and stouter aedeagus with carinal thorns and vesica with a single distal patch of strong spines (in L. (T.) khasiana, aedeagus is devoid of any carinal thorn and vesica is having two distal, longitudinal patches of short spines). Another recently described species, L. (T.) kaikarisi (Figs 61, 62) Saldaitis, Volynkin &amp; Duda, 2019 distributed in China and Myanmar, is also closely similar to L. (T.) nigrifrons, but can be differentiated by its slightly larger size, ochreous orange tegulae (in L. (T.) nigrifrons, it is bright yellow) and absence of a discal spot on hindwing. In male genitalia, L. (T.) kaikarisi (Figs 163, 164) is although quite similar to that of L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 161, 162) but the former can be distinguished from the latter by the broader uncus, stouter aedeagus with larger carinal thorns and vesica having distinctly larger basal diverticulum.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal (Hampson 1901, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021). Global records: Myanmar (Kambaiti) (de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: The species is found to fly in East Himalayan wet temperate forest, East Himalayan mixed coniferous forest, East Himalayan subtropical wet hill forests in West Bengal from an elevation range of 2000–2750 m.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC8FFFCFF4CFD52FAB2F204	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC8FFF3FF4CF973FC2EF4B8.text	039687DAFFC8FFF3FF4CF973FC2EF4B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) kaikarisi Saldaitis, Volynkin & Duda 2019	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) kaikarisi Saldaitis, Volynkin &amp; Duda, 2019: 595</p> <p>(Figs 61, 62, 163, 164)</p> <p>TL: South from Gongshan, Alt. 2100–2400 m, Nu Jiang valley (Northwest Yunnan, China)</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Nagaland: [Phek district], Pfutsero, 1 ♂, 18.ix.1994, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12537/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing Length: ♂ 15 mm. Lemyra (T.) kaikarisi (Figs 61, 62) and L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 59, 60) can only be differentiated after a thorough scrutiny of the male genitalia characters discussed under L. (T.) nigrifrons.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Nagaland (present study). Global records: China (Saldaitis et al. 2019). Remarks: Herein, we report the species for the first time from India.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC8FFF3FF4CF973FC2EF4B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC7FFF3FF4CFEFAFB37F0EC.text	039687DAFFC7FFF3FF4CFEFAFB37F0EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spilosomata (Walker 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spilosomata (Walker, 1864 [1865]): 318 (Thyrgorina)</p> <p>(Figs 63, 64, 165, 166)</p> <p>TL: South Hindostan [South India]</p> <p>= Echlida subjecta Walker, 1865: 387 (TL: South Hindostan [South India])</p> <p>= D[iacrisia] albens Rothschild, 1910: 137 (TL: Permoad [Pirmad], Travancore [India])</p> <p>= D[iacrisia] flavifrons Rothschild, 1910: 122 (TL: Shevaroy Hills, Madras [Servarayan hills, Tamil Nadu, India])</p> <p>= Diacrisia indica ab. mediosimplex; Strand, 1919: 182. (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>= Diacrisia indica ab. angularis; Strand, 1919: 182, stat. rev. (Infrasubspecific name)</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Gujarat: [Dang district], Ahwa, 2 ♂, 28.ix.2005, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 5369/ H10, 12531/H10); Kerala: [Idukki district], Devikulam, 1 ♂, 13.ix.2004, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 5368/H10);</p> <p>Maharashtra: [Satara district], Mahabaleshwar, 1 ♂, 8.x.2005, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12533/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 14 mm. Female, 17 mm. Externally, L. (T.) spilosomata (Figs 63, 64) resembles L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 1 – 3), L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 59, 60) and L. (T.) melanosoma (Figs 70, 71) due to white wings and yellow abdomen, but is distinct from its closely similar congeners by the forewing having basal half of costa black brown and terminal half yellowish, hindwing creamy white with two sooty grey spots on tornus, abdomen yellow with dorsal and lateral rows of black spots. In male genitalia, aedeagus is moderately long and broad, vesica with a large patch of small spines.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Gujarat (Ahwa, Saputara), Maharashtra (Mahabaleshwar, Malshej Ghat), Kerala (Devikulam), South India (Travancore, Madras) (Kirti &amp; Gill 2008a, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021). Global records: unknown.</p> <p>Remarks: Thomas (1990) treated L. (T.) indica and L. (T.) angularis as forms of L. (T.) spilosomata. Lemyra (T.) angularis (Strand, 1919) was resurrected as a good species by Kirti &amp; Gill (2008a), but herein, after close examination of its habitus and male genitalia, we consider it as a synonym of L. (T.) spilosomata.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC7FFF3FF4CFEFAFB37F0EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC7FFF1FF4CFB0EFD8AF6C4.text	039687DAFFC7FFF1FF4CFB0EFD8AF6C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) multivittata (Moore 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) multivittata (Moore, 1865): 808 (Spilosoma)</p> <p>(Figs 65 – 67, 167, 168, 205)</p> <p>TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India]. Lectotype designated by Hampson (1901) from Sikkim.</p> <p>= Diacrisia multivittata assama Rothschild, 1910: 121 (TL: Khasis [Khasi hills, Meghalaya, India]).</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Nathula, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 10.ix.2000, J.S. Kirti leg. (NZCZSI; 5364–65/H10); [Gangtok district], Gangtok, 1 ♂, 15.ix.2000, J.S. Sodhi leg. (NZCZSI; 5366/H10); Golitar, 1 ♂, 25.iv.2009, R. Joshi leg. (NZCZSI; 5363/H10); Jammu and Kashmir: [Baramulla district], Uri, 1 ♂, 21.v.2017, D.P. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12544/H10); Arunachal Pradesh: [Dibang Valley district], Malini, 1 ♀, 27.x.2017 N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12543/H10); [West Kameng district], Bomdila, 5 ♂, 25.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12542/H10); [Tawang district], Jang, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1.vii.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12545/H10); West Bengal: [Kalimpong district], Jhandi, 6 ♂, 1 ♀, 10.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12538/H10), Rishop, 3 ♂, 12.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12540/H10), 4 ♂, 13.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12541/H10); [Darjeeling district], Manebhanjyang, 1 ♂, 5 ♀, 16.ix.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12539/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 18 mm, ♀ 21 mm. Externally, L. (T.) multivittata (Figs 65, 66) is reminiscent of L. (T.) costimacula (Leech, 1899) distributed in China, but differs noticeably by more intense maculation on wings, especially forewing with basal, antemedial and postmedial series of spots (in L. (T.) costimacula only oblique postmedial series of spots is present). In male genitalia, L. (T.) multivittata (Figs 167, 168) is distinct from L. (T.) costimacula (Fang 2000: 382, Fig. 268) by a longer and narrower uncus and longer terminal section of the valva. Another closely similar species to L. (T.) multivittata (Figs 65, 66) is L. (T.) sordidescens (Hampson, 1901) (Figs 93, 94), but the latter is distinct by abdomen crimson above (which is yellowish or orange yellow in L. (T.) multivittata) and forewing suffused with pale yellowish brown with blur markings whereas in L. (T.) multivittata, ground colour is creamish white and markings are clearer. In male genitalia, L. (T.) multivittata is distinct from L. (T.) sordidescens (Figs 199, 200) by the presence of a single patch of spines in vesica whereas in L. (T.) sordidescens, two patches of spines are present in vesica.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Meghalaya (Khasi Hills), Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal (Darjeeling), (Hampson 1894, Kirti et al. 2005, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021). Global records: southern Tibet (western slope of Himalaya in Zhangmu), China (Yunnan) (Fang 2000), Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand (Northern Thailand), Vietnam (Northern Vietnam) (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: Although intraspecific variation in the external morphology of L. (T) multivittata is not reported so far. However, we found some recognizable variations, the adults vary from pure white to creamish yellow with wing markings sometimes apparently reduced. Male forewing length varies from 11 mm to 19 mm. Altitudinally, L. (T.) multivittata shows a wide range of distribution from 489 m to 3050 m. The species is found to inhabit East Himalayan moist mixed deciduous, East Himalayan subtropical wet hill, East Himalayan sub alpine and mixed coniferous forests in central Himalaya, East Himalayan wet temperate forest in East Himalaya and subtropical dry evergreen forest in North West Himalaya.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC7FFF1FF4CFB0EFD8AF6C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC5FFF1FF4CFD26FE1BF716.text	039687DAFFC5FFF1FF4CFD26FE1BF716.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoburmanica N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoburmanica N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 26</p> <p>(Figs 68–69, 169, 170)</p> <p>TL: Matheran, Maharashtra [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC5FFF1FF4CFD26FE1BF716	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC5FFF0FF4CF8D7FAE1F07C.text	039687DAFFC5FFF0FF4CF8D7FAE1F07C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) melanosoma (Hampson 1894)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) melanosoma (Hampson, 1894): 15 (Thyrgorina)</p> <p>(Figs 70, 71, 171, 172)</p> <p>TL: Sikhim [Sikkim, India]. Lectotype designated by Thomas (1990)</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Himachal Pradesh: [Chamba district], Bharmour, 1 ♂, 16.vi.1993, A.P.S. Kaleka leg. (NZCZSI; 12525/H10); [Kullu district], GHNP, Ropa FRH, 1 ♂, 11.ix.2016, A.K. Sanyal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI;</p> <p>12526/H10); Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Gangtok, 1 ♂, 4.vi.2003, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12523/H10), 2 ♂, 7.vi.2003, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12522/H10); [North Sikkim district], Mangan, 1 ♂, 6.vi.2003, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12524/H10); [West Sikkim district], Burmiok, 1 ♂, 15.vii.2019, S.S. Bisht leg. (NZCZSI; 12530/H10);</p> <p>West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Palmajua, 1 ♂, 3.xi.2018; Bhattacharyya &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12529/H10);</p> <p>Arunachal Pradesh: [Lower Subansiri district], Raga, 1 ♂, 5.v.2016, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12528/H10); [Dibang Valley district], Anini, Old School, 1 ♂, 21.iv.2017, S. Gayan &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12527/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 16 mm. Lemyra (T.)melanosoma (Figs 70, 71) is externally similar to an unrelated species L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 1–3) and is better diagnosed by the male genitalia. However, L. (T.) melanosoma can be externally sorted out from L. (T.) neglecta by the brownish antennae, the orange yellow colour of the shoulders, the area below eyes and palpi is extending till the first pair of legs and the wings are often immaculate (pectus of L. (T.) neglecta is generally white or may be suffused with fuscous). In male genitalia, L. (T.) melanosoma (Figs 171, 172) is unique by the angular uncus (uncus has a broad, bowl like basal half which abruptly terminates into an acute, pointed apex) and vesica with a distal large patch of moderate to long spines devoid of lateral spined plate. Whereas, in L. (T.) neglecta (Figs 95, 96), uncus is somewhat triangular with broad base and gradually tapering apex and vesica with a strong lateral spined plate of teeth like spines and devoid of any spinous patch.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Assam, Himachal Pradesh (Shimla, Dalhousie, Kullu), Meghalaya (Khasi Hills), Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Hampson 1901, Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh (present study). Global records: Myanmar, southern Tibet, China (Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Thailand (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: So far, L. (T.) melanosoma is known from Central Himalaya (Sikkim and Darjeeling), Northwest Himalaya (Dalhousie, Kullu and Shimla) and Northeast India (Khasi Hills). Herein, we extend its distribution to East Himalaya from an altitude range of 875 m – 2954 m. The species is seen to fly in Himalayan chir pine forest and lower West Himalaya temperate forests in Himachal Pradesh, East Himalayan subtropical wet hill forest, East Himalayan moist mixed deciduous forest and sub-Himalayan secondary wet mixed forest central Himalaya. In East Himalaya, it is observed in tropical moist deciduous forest and East Himalayan wet temperate forest.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC5FFF0FF4CF8D7FAE1F07C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC4FFF0FF4CFBBEFCF8F37B.text	039687DAFFC4FFF0FF4CFBBEFCF8F37B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) persephone Saldaitis, Volynkin & Dubatolov 2020	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) persephone Saldaitis, Volynkin &amp; Dubatolov, 2020: 447</p> <p>(Figs 72, 73, 173, 174)</p> <p>TL: 40 km Sud [South of] Gongshan, Salween valley, W[est] Yunnan, “C[h]ina [China]</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Uttarakhand: [Pithoragarh district], Chilamdhar, 1 ♂, 9.x.2017, A.K. Sanyal, Gayen &amp; Nandi Das leg. (NZCZSI; 12536/H10); West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Singalila NP, Srikhola, 1 ♂, 17.x.2018, A.K. Sanyal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12534/H10); Sikkim: [West Sikkim district], Yuksom, 1 ♂, 20.xi.2019, A.K. Sanyal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12535/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Forewing length: ♂ 15 mm. Externally, L. (T.) persephone (Figs 72, 73) is readily separable from other congeners by the wings strongly leaden with grey. But, interestingly its male genitalia is quite similar to that of L. (T.) melanosoma (Figs 171, 172), however, in L. (T.) persephone (Figs 173, 174), tegumen is slightly broader, juxta is more elongated, terminal section of valva is more elongated, aedeagus is distinctly broader and more robust and vesica has much broader patch of spines than in L. (T.) melanosoma (Fig. 172).</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Sikkim (present study). Global records: China (West Yunnan) (Saldaitis et al. 2020).</p> <p>Remarks: Herein, L. (T.) persephone reveals a new distribution record from India. so far, it is reported from China at an Altitude of 1650 m. The species is found from an altitude around 1900 m in East Himalayan sub-tropical wet hill forest of West Bengal and Sikkim. Whereas in North West Himalaya, the species is observed at an altitude of 1714 m. in Himalayan chir pine forest of Uttarakhand.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC4FFF0FF4CFBBEFCF8F37B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC4FFF6FF4CF8BDFAFBF544.text	039687DAFFC4FFF6FF4CF8BDFAFBF544.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrescens (Rothschild 1910)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrescens (Rothschild, 1910): 143 (Diacrisia)</p> <p>(Figs 74–77, 175–180)</p> <p>TL: Khasia Hills, Assam [Meghalaya, India]. Lectotype designated by Hampson (1920)</p> <p>= Thanatarctia collarlis Singh &amp; Singh, 1998: 147, nomen nudum</p> <p>= Thanatarctia costalis Kaleka, 2012: 51, syn. nov. (TL: Jatinga, North Cachar Hills, Assam [India])</p> <p>= Thanatarctia collarlis Kaleka, 2012: 53, syn. nov. (TL: Jatinga, North Cachar Hills, Assam [India])</p> <p>= Lemyra (Thyrgorina) collarlis N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Kaleka, 2016: 15, syn. nov. (Objective synonym of T. collarlis Kaleka, 2012) (TL: Jatinga, Assam [India])</p> <p>= Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudocollarlis N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Kaleka, 2016: 16, syn. nov. (TL: Jatinga, Assam [India])</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC4FFF6FF4CF8BDFAFBF544	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC2FFF6FF4CF9FDFE26F2CD.text	039687DAFFC2FFF6FF4CF9FDFE26F2CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) wokhaensis N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) wokhaensis N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Joshi, 2016: 18</p> <p>(Figs 78, 181, 182)</p> <p>TL: Wokha, Nagaland [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC2FFF6FF4CF9FDFE26F2CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFC2FFE01F01F.text	039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFC2FFE01F01F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cernyi N. Singh & Kirti 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cernyi N. Singh &amp; Kirti, 2016: 17</p> <p>(Figs 80, 185, 186)</p> <p>TL: Vadaserikara, Kerala [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFC2FFE01F01F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFE06FE26F636.text	039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFE06FE26F636.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoneurica N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi 2016	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoneurica N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Joshi, 2016: 24</p> <p>(Figs 79, 183, 184)</p> <p>TL: Wokha, Nagaland [India]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CFE06FE26F636	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CF9A9FB44F35F.text	039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CF9A9FB44F35F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) stigmata (Moore 1865)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) stigmata stigmata (Moore, 1865): 809 (Spilosoma)</p> <p>(Figs 81, 82, 187, 188, 206)</p> <p>TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India]</p> <p>= Spilarctia lacteata Butler, 1881: 31 (TL: Darjiling [Darjeeling, West Bengal, India])</p> <p>= Lemyra walkeri Kaleka, 2001: 422 (TL: Bomdila, West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh [India])</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC1FFF5FF4CF9A9FB44F35F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFC0FFCBFF4CFB36FBF6F651.text	039687DAFFC0FFCBFF4CFB36FBF6F651.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) aurantiaca (Fang 1985) Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) aurantiaca (Fang, 1985): 56, stat. rev. (Spilarctia)</p> <p>(Figs 83, 84, 189, 190)</p> <p>TL: Pingbian Dawei Shan [Yunnan, China]</p> <p>Material examined: India, Arunachal Pradesh: [Lower Subansiri district], TWLS, Pange, 2 ♂, 17.vi.2017, B. Sinha &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12795/H10), 1 ♂, 18.vi.2017, B. Sinha &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12796/H10); West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Mangpoo, 3 ♂, 8.vii.2017, S. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12798/H10); Sikkim: [West Sikkim district], Burmiok, 2 ♂, 15.vii.2018, S.S. Bisht leg. (NZCZSI; 12797/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 23 mm. Diagnosis provided under L. (T.) s. stigmata.</p> <p>Taxonomic note: Dubatolov (2010) considered Spilarctia stigmata aurantiaca Fang, 1985 as a subspecies of L. (T.) stigmata due to its yellow abdomen and thicker markings on forewings, particularly the basal stroke in the cell which extends from wing base to the discal vein. Whereas, the nominotypical subspecies is slightly smaller with orange red abdomen, lighter wing maculation and less distinct basal stroke on forewing. Later, Kishida (2022) treated L. (T.) s. aurantiaca as a junior synonym of L. (T.) stigmata, as the type locality of L. (T.) s. aurantiaca is doubtful and the individuals from India, Nepal and China did not show considerable variations in wing maculation. Herein, we studied L. (T.) s. aurantiaca discussed by Dubatolov (2010), apart from the typical L. (T.) s. stigmata as illustrated by Kishida (2022). In addition to the differences discussed by Dubatolov (2010), L. (T.) s. aurantiaca (Fig. 83) has fine ochreous yellow collar which is absent in L. (T.) s. stigmata (Fig. 81). Moreover, the male genitalia of L. (T.) s. aurantiaca (Figs 189, 190) and the genitalia drawing of L. (T.) s. aurantiaca provided by Fang (2000: 400, Fig. 283) are different from that of L. (T.) s. stigmata (Figs 187, 188) by the subapical process of valva being more blunt and situated nearer to the apex. As several individuals from these two populations were collected from adjacent areas in Arunachal Pradesh having more or less similar habitats and topographies, we consider both the taxa as separate species and therefore, revive and upgrade the status of L. (T.) s. aurantiaca as L. (T.) aurantiaca (Fang, 1985), stat. rev. Externally, L. (T.) aurantiaca looks quite similar to L. (T.) s. bucseki (Kishida 2022: 165, Fig. 1), except for its yellow abdomen and fine ochreous yellow collar (in L. (T.) s. bucseki abdomen is reddish orange and the head, thorax and collar are yellowish white). In the male genitalia, L. (T.) aurantiaca (Figs 189, 190) differs clearly by more blunt and thicker inner valva process.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal (present study). Global records: China (Yunnan), northern Vietnam (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: New record to India.</p> <p>Group D: Vesica with two patches of spines (lateral spined plate absent)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFC0FFCBFF4CFB36FBF6F651	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFFFFFCBFF4CFDB6FC9CF1D6.text	039687DAFFFFFFCBFF4CFDB6FC9CF1D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) khasiana Thomas 1990	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) khasiana Thomas, 1990: 42</p> <p>(Figs 85, 86, 191, 192)</p> <p>TL: Khasis [Khasi hills, Meghalaya, India]</p> <p>Material examined: India, Arunachal Pradesh: [Lower Subansiri district], Ziro, 1 ♂, 28.viii.2005, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12846/H10), Sikkim: [East Sikkim district], Padamchen, 1 ♂, 31.v.2017, K. Mondal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12847/H10); Himachal Pradesh: [Chamba district], Saho, 2 ♂, 12.ix.2006, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12845/H10); West Bengal: [Darjeeling district], Singalila NP, Manedara, 1 ♂, 1.xi.2018, A. Sanyal &amp; Party leg. (NZCZSI; 12844/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 16 mm. Lemyra (T.) khasiana (Figs 85, 86) resembles the species with white wings and yellowish abdomen and is externally similar to an unrelated L. (T.) nigrifrons (Figs 59, 60), but is distinct by its ochreous colour of pectus and abdomen (in L. (T.) nigrifrons, the pectus is black and the abdomen is with considerable black coloration laterally). Other differences between both the species have been discussed under L. (T.) nigrifrons.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Meghalaya (Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal (present study). Global records: Myanmar (Kambaiti) (de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: Strand (1919) named the ‘ab. 1’ aberration of Diacrisia nigrifrons (sensu Hampson 1901) as Diacrisia nigrifrons khasiana which was later raised to a valid species by Thomas (1990). In India, L. (T.) khasiana is so far reported from Khasi hills only. Herein, it is reported to be widely distributed in Indian Himalaya within an altitude range of 1500–2510 m. The species is found to occur in East Himalayan subtropical wet evergreen forest in Arunachal Pradesh, East Himalayan mixed coniferous forest in Sikkim, Himalayan chir pine forest in Himachal Pradesh and East Himalayan wet temperate forest in West Bengal.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFFFFFCBFF4CFDB6FC9CF1D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFFFFFC8FF4CF9DDFA6AF52C.text	039687DAFFFFFFC8FF4CF9DDFA6AF52C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) excelsa Thomas 1990	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) excelsa Thomas, 1990: 19</p> <p>(Figs 87, 88, 193, 194)</p> <p>TL: Indien, Sikkim, Bakim, ca. 3000 m.</p> <p>= Lemyra alternata Fang, 1993: 177 (TL: “Zhangmun, Xizang 2200 m ” [Tibet])</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Arunachal Pradesh: [Tawang district], Jang, 1 ♂, 1.vii.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12843/H10); [Lower Subansiri district], Old Ziro, Putu Home Stay, 1 ♂, 3.xi.2018, R. Lenka leg. (NZCZSI; 12842/ H10)</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 18 mm. Lemyra (T.) excelsa (Figs 87, 88) is closely similar to the group of species with pure white wings and yellowish abdomen, but is distinct by the yellowish red colour of the pectus, which is yellowish white in L. (T.) neglecta (Fig. 2), fuscous in L. (T.) melanosoma (Fig. 71), and ochreous in L. (T.) khasiana (Fig. 86). In male genitalia (Figs 193, 194), it is reminiscent of L. (T.) khasiana (Figs 191, 192), but is distinct by the shorter valva having broad apical portion and small subapical processes situated below the apex, rounded juxta and vesica having two short and thin patches of spines.</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Sikkim (Dubatolov 2010; Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh (present study). Global records: Tibet (western slope of Himalaya in Zhangmu) (Dubatolov 2010).</p> <p>Remarks: Herein, we extend the distribution of L. (T.) excelsa from Central Himalaya (Sikkim) to East Himalaya in Indian Himalayan region, flying within an altitudinal range of 1600–3000 m. The species is found in East Himalayan subtropical wet evergreen forest and East Himalayan wet temperate forest in Arunachal Pradesh.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFFFFFC8FF4CF9DDFA6AF52C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFE5BFE77F5AE.text	039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFE5BFE77F5AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) obsoleta Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) obsoleta sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 89, 90, 195, 196)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFE5BFE77F5AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFA1AFE77F268.text	039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFA1AFE77F268.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pinus Singh & Raha & Kirti & Singh 2024	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pinus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 91, 92, 197, 198)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFFCFFC8FF4CFA1AFE77F268	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
039687DAFFF2FFC6FF4CFEFAFE93F7D0.text	039687DAFFF2FFC6FF4CFEFAFE93F7D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemyra (Thyrgorina) sordidescens (Hampson 1901)	<div><p>Lemyra (Thyrgorina) sordidescens (Hampson, 1901): 304 (Diacrisia)</p> <p>(Figs 93, 94, 199, 200)</p> <p>TL: Sikhim [Sikkim, India]</p> <p>= S [pilosoma] sordida Moore, 1865: 808 (TL: Darjeeling [West Bengal, India])</p> <p>Material Examined: India, Arunachal Pradesh: [Dibang valley district], Mipi, 1 ♂, 31.x.2017, N. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12547/H10); [West Kameng district], Bomdila, 4 ♂, 25.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12548/H10), Shergaon, 2 ♂, 26.vi.2018, H. Singh leg. (NZCZSI; 12546/H10).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 17 mm. Lemyra (T.) sordidescens (Figs. 93, 94) is externally similar to L. (T.) multivittata (Figs. 65, 66), but differs by forewing suffused with a pale yellowish brown and abdomen crimson above (in L. (T.) multivittata, forewing is suffused with creamish white and abdomen is yellowish or orange yellow).</p> <p>Distribution. Indian records: Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010, Singh et al. 2021), Arunachal Pradesh (present study). Global records: Bhutan, Myanmar (Kambaiti), Thailand (Rothschild 1910, Černý &amp; Pinratana 2009, de Freina &amp; Thomas 2015).</p> <p>Remarks: Lemyra (T.) sordidescens is reported from Central Himalaya. The current records of this species expand its distribution to the East Himalayan landscape of Arunachal Pradesh from an altitude up to 2400 m. The species is encountered from East Himalayan wet temperate forest and East Himalayan mixed coniferous forest in Arunachal Pradesh.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DAFFF2FFC6FF4CFEFAFE93F7D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Singh, Harsimranjeet;Raha, Angshuman;Kirti, Jagbir Singh;Singh, Navneet	Singh, Harsimranjeet, Raha, Angshuman, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Singh, Navneet (2024): Taxonomic review of the genus Lemyra Walker (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from India. Zootaxa 5454 (1): 1-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5454.1.1
