taxonID	type	description	language	source
0396C2184F7DFFBF94AB0BECA776FD19.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis for Physocypria s. l. (= for all four subsequent genera). Cp suboval in lateral view, LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in some species in middle of dorsal margin of RV. Valve margins of LV smooth and devoid of external tubercles. RV with anterior and / or posterior marginal tubercles of various numbers, size and shapes; anteriorly with an inner list, strongly developed or only visible in part, sometimes strongly inwardly displaced, in other cases submarginal. Carapace without obvious external ornamentation. A 2 with five long natatory setae well-developed; in male with four-segmented endopodite and with setae t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Mx 1 with second palp segment about as long as wide. T 1 with one long seta next to the two a-setae; Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical, with Rpp most elongated, both palps consisting of two segments. T 2 without d 2 - seta. CR well-developed, with two claws and two setae. Zenker’s organ with few (5 – 8) spinous whorls.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7DFFBF94AB0FC0A3B0F955.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Keysercypria affinis (Klie, 1933) Karanovic, 2011 Amended diagnosis of Keysercypria (see also Table 3 and discussion). Cp rounded and laterally compressed, LV overlapping RV along anterior, ventral and posterior margins. RV with marginal tubercles along anteroventral and / or posteroventral margins; anterior inner list inwardly displaced to varying degrees. Ovarium posteriorly turned upwards. Short seta accompanying natatory setae on A 2 absent. Terminal segment of Md-palp ca. 5 x longer than (basal) width. Terminal palp segment of Mx 1 with 4 claws / setae. Setae d 1 and d 2 on T 2 absent. T 2 with e-seta short in the male; h 3 - seta on the T 2 in males long, reaching well beyond the tip of the distal claw. T 3 with setae d 1 and dp present, d 2 - seta absent; h 2 - seta ca. 2 x as long as h 1. Ovarium posteriorly turned upwards. Proximal seta on CR of medium length. Other species: Keysercypria deformis (Klie, 1940); Keysercypria schubarti (Farkas, 1958) (see discussion).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7DFFBF94AB0870A4B8FB49.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Physocypria bullata (Vávra, 1897) G. W. M ̧ ller, 1912 Abbreviated diagnosis of Physocypria s. s. (see also Table 3). A 2 with short seta accompanying five natatory setae present. Md-palp with β-seta small, short and broad; length of last palp segment ca. 2 x the basal width, apically set with three claws and two setae. Mx 1 - palp set with six structures (claws and setae). T 1 with setae b and d both long. T 2 with d 1 - seta present, setae e and h 3 short. T 3 with setae d 2 and dp present; setae h 1 and h 2 subequal. Proximal seta on CR of medium length. Hp with lobe ls generally elongated; lobe ms elongated or broad, generally shorter than ls. Ovarium posteroventrally turned downward and forward. Other species: see Meisch et al. (2019)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7DFFBE94AB0C37A404FD06.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7DFFBE94AB0C37A404FD06.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (see also Table 3). A 2 with short seta accompanying five natatory setae absent. Md-palp with β-seta long and stout; length of last segment ca. 3 x the basal width, apically set with three claws and one seta. Mx 1 - palp set with five structures (claws and setae). T 1 with b-seta short and d-seta long. T 2 with d 1 - seta absent, setae e and h 3 in male short. T 3 with d 2 - seta absent, dp-seta present; h 2 - seta ca. 2 x the length of h 1 - seta. Proximal Sp-seta on CR long. Hp with lobe ls generally longated; lobe ms elongated or broad, generally shorter than ls. Ovarium posteriorly turned upwards (Figs 13 B, H). Differential diagnosis. The new genus can be separated from the genera Cyclocypris, Kempcyclocypris, Cypria, Mecynocypria and Allocypria by the presence of marginal tubercles on the RV; furthermore, from Cypria, Physocypria and Dentocypria by the absence of the short seta accompanying the natatory setae on the A 2 and from Physocypria also by the absence of d 2 - seta on T 2 and T 3 (these setae present in Physocypria) and by the ovarium which curves backward and upward (downward and forward in Physocypria). Brasilocypria gen. nov. differs from Keysercypria by the relatively shorter final segment of the Md-palp (L = 3 x W in Brasilocypria gen. nov., L = 5 x W in Keysercypria;), by the presence of five setae / claws on the second segment of the Mx 1 - palp (four in Keysercypria), by the long proximal seta on the CR (medium length in Keysercypria) and especially by the short h 3 - seta in the male (very long in Keysercypria). Brasilocypria gen. nov. is further distinguished from Claudecypria gen. nov. by the presence of dp-seta on T 3 (absent in Claudecypria gen. nov.) and by the Hp and prehensile palps which follow the body plan of Physocypria (hyper-developed and with swollen shields and segments in Claudecypria gen. nov. — see below). Brasilocypria gen. nov. furthermore, differs from the subterranean genera Kempfcyclocypris and Namiotkocypria by at least the reduced natatory setae on the A 2 in these genera.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7DFFBE94AB0C37A404FD06.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus is named after the largest country in South America, from which all the present material was collected, with the root “ cypria ”.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	description	(Figs 3 – 15)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp with suboval shape, LV overlapping RV along all valve margins, except along posterior part of dorsal margin; anterior overlap the widest. Posterior marginal tubercles on RV more prominent than anterior ones. A 2 with five well-developed and long natatory setae, short accompanying seta missing. A 2 in male with foursegmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. Rpp with first segment narrow and elongate, distal edge moderately pointed. Lpp with first segment equally elongated; second segment sickle shaped, narrow. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without setae d 1 and d 2. T 3 without d 2 - seta. CR with a long proximal seta. Hp with ls long and narrow, ms triangular, reaching about halfway ls. Differential diagnosis. Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other Physocypria s. l. species by the moderate dorsal expansion on the RV. Physocypria gibbera (Furtos, 1936 a), Physocypria inflata Furtos, 1933 and Physocypria pustulosa (Sharpe, 1897) have much larger dorsal expansions of the RV. Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. is somewhat similar to Keysercypria schubarti (Farkas, 1958), with the ls of the Hp being almost twice the length of the ms, while the ms is also pointed. These two species mainly differ in the morphology of the Cp, where K. schubarti has a much larger anterior overlap of the LV over the RV. Furthermore, the Rpp and Lpp in K. schubarti are smaller and more robust, while in B. pea gen. et spec. nov. the Rpp is much more elongated than the Lpp. Finally, K. schubarti also has a very long h 3 - seta on T 2, typical of Keysercypria (see Discussion). Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. is differentiated by the dorsal margin on RV, which is more rounded in this species and straighter in B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. and B. lordi gen. et spec. nov. Also, the overlap of LV on RV in B. pea gen. et spec. nov. is more prominent, as in B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov..	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: Upper Paraná River floodplain, Aurélio Lake (PAR 150), in floating macrophytes. Coordinates: 22 ° 41 ′ 36.5 ′′ S, 53 ° 13 ′ 52 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43091). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43092). Paratypes: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43093, MZUSP 43094). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43095, MZUSP 43096, MZUSP 43097). Two females dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43098, MZUSP 43099). One female carapace stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43100).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This species is named after the Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (Programa de Pós-Graduaç „ o em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais — PEA) of the State University of Maringá (Paraná, Brazil), on the occasion of its 30 years of existence.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	materials_examined	Other material illustrated: Upper Paraná River floodplain: Two female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (both Cp lost after use for SEM) from Aurélio Lake (PAR 150). South Matogrossense Pantanal: One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43101). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43102, MZUSP 43103, MZUSP 43104) from Carenda Forest Road, lake 1 (PAN 09). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43105). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43106, MZUSP 43107, MZUSP 43108) from Carenda Forest Road, lake 1 (PAN 09). Other material examined: Upper Paraná River floodplain: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (NA 116, NA 119) from Aurélio Lake (PAR 1631). South Matogrossense Pantanal: One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43109) from Carenda Forest Road, lake 1 (PAN 09). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43110) from Carenda Forest Road, lake 1 (PAN 09).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just behind the middle of the valves. LVi (Figs 3 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 3 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the middle; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along the ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 3 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height in the middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in the middle of the dorsal side. CpD (Fig 3 H) and CpV (Fig 3 I) with greatest width slightly behind the middle, external surface set with few short setae and shallow pits (Fig 3 J). A 1 (Fig 4 A) with seven segments. First segment large, with two long hirsute ventro-apical setae; one short hirsute dorsal seta; Wouter’s organ not seen. Second segment wider than long, with one short hirsute dorsal seta; Rome organ not seen. Third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta reaching middle of fifth segment and dorsally with one long hirsute seta reaching beyond middle of terminal segment. Fourth segment with two long dorso-apical setae and two unequally short ventro-apical setae. Fifth segment with four apical setae: two long dorsal ones reaching beyond tip of terminal segment and two ventral, ca. 2 x length of fifth segment. Sixth segment with four long apical setae and one short hirsute seta (4 x length of terminal segment). Terminal segment with two long setae, one short aesthetasc Ya and one short hirsute seta, the latter twice length of aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (Fig 4 B – C) with protopodite, exopodite and four-segmented endopodite. Protopodite ventrally with three setae: two short setae and one long apical hirsute seta reaching tip of end claws. Exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (slightly longer than first endopodite) and two shorter, unequally long setae (long one ca. 3 x length of short one). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 2 length of segment), one long ventroapical hirsute seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), and five natatory setae, reaching well beyond tip of end claws; short accompanying seta missing. Second endopodal segment with four t-setae of unequal length (t 1 long and hirsute, t 2 and t 3 stout and t 4 short); dorsally with two unequally short setae; ventrally with aesthetasc y 1 (same length of second endopodal segment) and aesthetasc y 2 (reaching middle of terminal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with four claws (G 1, G 2, z 1, z 2) and two setae (G 3, z 3). Terminal segment (Fig 4 C) with two claws, one long (GM) and one slightly short (Gm) claw, aesthetasc y 3 with accompanying seta (ca. 3 x length of aesthetasc y 3) and g-seta, ca. 2 / 3 length of y 3. Md-palp (Fig 5 A) with four segments. First segment with two long plumose setae (S 1 and S 2), one long smooth seta and short slender smooth α-seta. Second segment with two dorsal, unequally short setae; ventrally with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 2 / 3 length of third segment) and four long setae (three hirsute and one smooth). Third segment with three groups of setae: one dorsal group of four setae (three unequally long and one short ca. 1 / 4 length of longest); lateral apical γ-seta (1 / 2 length of terminal segment) and three smooth short setae; one ventral group with one long seta slightly longer than the terminal segment, and one very short seta. Terminal segment with L ca. 3 x basal width, with three unequally long claws and two short setae. Md-coxa (Fig 4 D) elongated, dorsally with a short seta, and with strong and apical teeth, interspaced with some setae. Mx 1 (Fig 5 B — chaetotaxy not complete) consisting of three masticatory lobes (endites), a two-segmented palp and a large branchial plate (not illustrated). Branchial plate elongated, with ca. 16 respiratory rays, some quite short, others longer. First segment of palp with five unequally short setae and one stout plumose seta at base of segment. Terminal segment of palp rectangular, ca. half the length of first segment of palp, apically with three claws and two setae (one long 2 / 3 length of claws, and one short 1 / 3 length claws). Third and second endites with two smooth claws. First endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 4 x length of short one). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 6 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 6 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequal and hirsute setae, two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (ca. 3 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to two a-setae (almost 3 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 6 B) first segment very elongated, distal margin with a small subtriangular protrusion and one subapical spine; second segment with triangular lobe and concave distal margin. Lpp (Fig 6 C) with first segment shorter and smaller than Rpp, with one long subapical spine; second segment small, narrow and sickle-shaped, with pointed distal part. T 2 (Fig 5 C) with protopodite, including “ knee ” - segment and four endopodite segments. Protopodal segment without d 1 - seta. “ Knee ” - segment without d 2 - seta. First endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, reaching beyond middle of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching the tip of terminal segment, and one accompanying shorter seta. Terminal segment with hirsute setae h 1 and h 3, the latter longer than h 1, and apically a long and serrated h 2 - claw (ca. 2 / 3 the length of this segment). T 3 (Fig 6 E) with four segments. First segment with one long and hirsute dp-seta and one short hirsute d 1 - seta (the latter ca. 1 / 2 the length of dp), d 2 - seta absent. Second segment with one very short subapical e-seta. Third segment with two very short setae: medially f-seta and subapically g-seta. Terminal segment short, longer than wide, with three hirsute setae: one short h 1 - seta, one h 2 - seta more than twice the length of h 1 and one long h 3 - seta, about as long as T 3. CR (Fig 6 F) well-developed and robust, with proximal Sp-seta of medium length (ca. 1 / 2 length of ramus), subapically with one serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta. CR attachment (Fig 6 G) robust, with two branches: db short with a rounded protrusion distally and vb longer than db and without a protrusion. Zenker’s organ (Fig 6 D) about 3 x longer than wide, with ca. 5 spiny whorls. Hp (Fig 6 H) with ls-lobe elongated, ms-lobe short (ca. 1 / 3 length of the ms-lobe), subtriangular, with pointed tip. Description of female. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height slightly behind middle of valves. LVi (Figs 7 A, C – D) higher than male, with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella, with an inner list running along anterior margin, disappearing in an anteroventral internal tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 7 B, E – F) higher than male, with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the middle; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along the ventral margin; central muscle scars consisting of an anterior row of three elongated scars and one rounded posterior scar (Fig 7 J); CpRl (Fig 7 G) with suboval shape, with greatest height in the middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in middle of dorsal side. CpD (Fig 7 H) and CpV (Fig 7 I) wider than male, with greatest width behind the middle. A 1 (Fig 8 A) with seven segments. First segment large, with two long ventro-apical hirsute setae and one short dorsal hirsute seta; Wouter’s organ not seen. Second segment wider than long, with one short hirsute dorsal seta; Rome organ not seen. Third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta reaching beyond middle of fifth segment and dorsally with one long seta reaching tip of sixth segment. Fourth segment with two long dorsoapical setae and two unequally short ventro-apical setae. Fifth segment with four apical setae: two long dorsal reaching beyond tip of terminal segment and two ventral twice length of fifth segment. Sixth segment with four long apical setae and one short hirsute seta (3 x length of terminal segment). Terminal segment with two long setae, a short aesthetasc Ya and one short hirsute seta, the latter twice length of aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (Fig 8 B – C) with protopodite, exopodite and three-segmented endopodite. Protopodite ventrally with three setae: two short setae and one long apical hirsute seta reaching beyond tip of end claws. Exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of terminal segment) and two unequally short setae (long one ca. 3 x length of short one). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 2 length of segment), one long ventro-apical hirsute seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), and five long natatory setae, reaching well beyond tip of end claws; short accompanying seta absent. Second endopodal segment with four t-setae of unequally length (t 1, t 2 and t 3 long and t 4 very short); dorsally with two unequally short setae; ventrally with aesthetasc y 1 (ca. 1 / 4 length of second endopodal segment) and aesthetasc y 2 (reaching beyond middle of terminal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). Terminal segment (Fig 8 C) with two claws, one long (GM) and one slightly short (Gm), one aesthetasc y 3 with accompanying seta (ca. 3 x length of aesthetasc y 3), and one g-seta, ca. 2 / 3 length of y 3. Md-palp (Fig 9 A) with four segments. First segment with two long plumose setae (S 1 and S 2), one long smooth seta and short slender smooth α-seta. Second segment with two dorsal unequally short setae; ventrally with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 2 / 3 length of third segment) and four long setae (three hirsute and one smooth). Third segment with three groups of setae: dorsal group with four setae (three unequally long and one short, ca. 1 / 4 length of longest); lateral apical γ-seta (1 / 2 length of terminal segment) and three smooth short setae; one ventral group with one long seta with same length of terminal segment and one very short seta. Terminal segment with L ca. 3 x basal width, with three unequally long claws and two short setae. Md-coxa (Fig 8 D) elongated, dorsally with a short seta, and with strong and apical teeth, interspaced with some setae. Mx 1 (Fig 9 B — chaetotaxy not complete) consisting of three masticatory lobes (endites), a two-segmented palp and a large branchial plate (not illustrated). Branchial plate elongated with ca. 16 respiratory rays, some quite short, others longer. First segment of palp with five unequally short setae and one stout plumose seta at base of segment. Terminal segment of palp rectangular, ca. half the length of first segment of palp, apically with three claws and two setae (one long 2 / 3 length of claws, and one short 1 / 3 length of claws). Third and second endite with two smooth claws. First endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 4 x length of previous one). T 1 (Fig 9 C) with protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequal and hirsute setae; two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta and one long and hirsute d-seta (ca. 6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (ca. 2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (one ca. 2 / 3 length of the long and one 1 / 2 length of the long). T 2 (Fig 10 A) with protopodite, including a “ knee ” - segment and four endopodite segments. Protopodal segment without d 1 - seta. “ Knee ” - segment without d 2 - seta. First endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, slightly shorter than third segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching tip of terminal segment. Terminal segment with one short hirsute h 1 - seta, one hirsute h 3 - seta, slightly shorter than h 1 - seta and apically with one long, strongly curved and serrated h 2 - claw (ca. 2 / 3 the length of this segment). T 3 (Fig 10 B) with four segments. First segment with one long and hirsute ventral dp-seta and one short hirsute d 1 - seta, ca. 1 / 2 length of dp-seta, d 2 - seta missing. Second segment with one very short subapical e-seta. Third segment with two very short setae: medial f-seta and subapical g-seta. Terminal segment short, slightly longer than wide, with three hirsute setae: one short h 1 - seta, one h 2 — seta, more than twice the length of seta h 1 and one very long h 3 - seta, about same length as T 3. CR (Fig 10 C) well-developed and robust, with long hirsute proximal Sp-seta (ca. half the length of ramus), subapically with shorter serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta. CR attachment (Fig 10 D) robust, with two branches: db short with a rounded protrusion distally and vb longer than db and without a protrusion.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	discussion	Remarks: As this species occurs in two distant floodplains, we also illustrated valves of males (Figs 11, 12) and females (Fig 13) and carapaces of males and females (Fig 14) from Upper Paraná River floodplain and South Matogrossense Pantanal to show potential variability amongst the specimens. For example, in males of the Upper Paraná River floodplain (Figs 11 A, C), the LVi has a greatest height slightly behind the middle, while the greatest height is in front of the middle in specimens from Pantanal (Figs 11 E, G) and in CpRl (Fig 14 A). RVi has marginal tubercles only along the posteroventral margin in males from the Paraná floodplain (Figs 11 B, D), and marginal tubercles along all of the ventral margin in specimens from Pantanal (Figs 11 F, H). Females from the Paraná floodplain (Fig 13 D) and Pantanal (Fig 13 F) have marginal tubercles along the entire ventral margin in the RVi, or only from the middle to the posteroventral margin in both floodplains (Figs 13 B, H). We also illustrate the outline of Hp and prehensile palps of four males that can show some variabilities between specimens (Fig 15), e. g., some ms lobe of Hp are slightly less pointed (Figs 15 E – F, M – N) than others (Figs 15 A – B, I – J). Also, Rpp (Fig 15 C) is more robust than in other specimens, while in Lpp the first segment can have either a wider (Figs 15 D, H) or a more slender basal segment (Figs 15 L, P).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F7CFFAC94AB0807A269F82E.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. was recorded from two tropical Brazilian floodplains (Paraná and Pantanal), associated with different species of macrophytes. The water temperature ranged between 21 and 26 ° C. The pH ranged from 5 to 7. The range of electrical conductivity was between 31.1 and 215 μS. cm- 1 and the values of dissolved oxygen varied from 1 to 2.3 mg. L- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	description	(Figs 16 – 19)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp with suboval shape, LV overlapping RV, except in the middle of dorsal margin, anterior overlap the largest. Posterior marginal tubercles more prominent than anterior ones. CpV and CpD narrow. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, accompanying seta absent; male A 2 with four-segmented endopodite, setae t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. Rpp with sharply pointed distal corner of first segment; second segment with strongly curved dorsal margin. Lpp shorter and narrower, distal segment sickle-shaped, smoothly curved. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 1 and d 2 setae. T 3 without d 2 - seta. CR with a long proximal seta. Hp with ls and ms elongated and subequal in length. Differential diagnosis. Brasilocypria ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other Physocypria s. l. species by the morphology of the prehensile palps and Hp. Thus far, no other species of Physocypria s. l. has been recorded with similar morphological characteristics of the male reproductive organs. However, regarding the shape of the carapace, especially by the presence of a large overlap of the LV over the RV, especially anteriorly, B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. is similar to Keysercypria affinis, Physocypria biwaensis Okubo, 1990, P. bullata, K. deformis and Physocypria longiseta Klie, 1930. However, the new species differs from all of these species in the shape of the dorsal margin of the LV, which is rounded and with the greatest height situated at the middle of the valve in K. affinis and P. longiseta, near to the anterior region in K. deformis and is also more straight in B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov., with the greatest height situated closer to the posterior region. Physocypria biwaensis has an arched dorsal margin of the LV, while P. bullata has a very large dorsal expansion on the RV and both of these characters are absent in B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. Brasilocypria ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. has a compressed shape in lateral view, which is also observed in B. lordi gen. et spec. nov., but the first species has a large overlap along the antero and posteroventral margins, while the second species has a smaller overlap there.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: Alluvial valley of the upper Paraná River floodplain, Banhado Lake (PAR 255), in floating macrophytes. Coordinates: 22 ° 33 ′ 58.6 ′′ S, 53 ° 23 ′ 10.4 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43111). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43112). Paratypes: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43113, MZUSP 43114). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43115, MZUSP 43116, MZUSP 43117). Two females dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43118, MZUSP 43119). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43120, MZUSP 43121, MZUSP 43122).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The present species is named in honour of Prof. Ricardo Lourenço Pinto (Brasília, Brazil) in recognition of his important contribution to the knowledge of Brazilian terrestrial and freshwater ostracods, and in acknowledgement of years of friendship with JH and KM.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height in front of the middle of the valves. LVi (Figs 16 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth, tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 16 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in ventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along middle of ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 16 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height in front of middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in middle of dorsal side, with the greatest overlap in anterior side. CpD (Fig 16 H) and CpV (Fig 16 I) with compressed shape, with greatest width slightly behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 16 J). Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. are described here. A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta almost reaching middle of fourth segment and dorsally with one long seta reaching the tip of fourth segment. Sixth segment with four long apical setae and one short hirsute seta (5 x the length of the terminal segment). A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite a small plate with two unequally long setae (the long one ca. 6 x the length of the short). Terminal segment with g-seta ca. 1 / 3 length of y 3. Md-palp (not illustrated) with second segment with one stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 1 / 2 of the length of the third segment). Mx 1 (not illustrated) with terminal segment of palp apically with three claws and two setae (both ca. 1 / 2 length of claws). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 17 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 17 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequal and hirsute setae, two short smooth a-setae, one smooth b-seta and one long and smooth d-seta (6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 17 B) with sharply pointed distal corner of first segment; second segment with curved dorsal margin. Lpp (Fig 17 C) shorter and narrower, distal segment sickle-shaped, smoothly curved. T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, almost reaching tip of third endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, reaching tip of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, ca. 2 x length of terminal segment. Terminal segment with one h 3 - seta slightly shorter than h 1. CR (Fig 17 D) well-developed and robust, with long proximal hirsute Sp-seta (ca. 1 / 2 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and shorter and smooth Sa-seta. Hp (Fig 17 E) with ls and ms both elongated and subequal in length. Ms distally slightly curved, ls distally slightly swollen. Description of female. Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. are described here. LVi (Figs 18 A, C – D) and RVi (Figs 18 B, E – F) higher than male. CpRl (Fig 18 G) as in the male; CpD (Fig 18 H) and CpV wider than male (Fig 18 I) and external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 18 J). A 1 (not illustrated) third segment ventrally with one seta slightly longer than fourth segment and dorsally with one long seta reaching tip of the fourth segment. Sixth segment with one short hirsute seta (5 x length of terminal segment). Terminal segment with one short hirsute seta, ca. 2 x length of aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (not illustrated) protopodite with one long apical hirsute seta reaching tip of end claws. Exopodite with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of the second endopodal segment) and two shorter, unequally long setae (the long one ca. 6 x length of the short). Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). T 1 (Fig 19 A) with protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequal and hirsute setae; two short smooth a-setae, one short and smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (one ca. 2 / 3 length of the long and one 1 / 2 length of the long). CR (Fig 19 B) well-developed and robust, with long proximal Sp-seta (ca. 2 / 3 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F6AFF9794AB0BA5A520F835.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Brasilocypria ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov. was recorded from only one Brazilian floodplain (Paraná), associated with floating macrophytes. The water temperature was 28 ° C. The pH was 5.2 and the electrical conductivity was 31.8 μS. cm- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	description	(Figs 20 – 26)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp suboval, CpD and CpV rather wide; LV overlapping RV, except in the middle of dorsal margin; anterior and posteroventral overlap the largest. Posteroventral tubercles in RV more prominent than anteroventral ones. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, short accompanying seta absent; male A 2 with four-segmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. First segment of Rpp stout, broad and long, with V-shaped dorsal margin and distally with a curved spinal edge; second segment subtriangular, with a curved dorsal margin and a rectangular dorso-distal edge. Lpp with shorter first segment, distally slightly tapering; second segment smoothly curved, second half elongated. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 1 and d 2 setae. T 3 of male without dp and d 2 setae; female only without d 2 - seta. CR with a long proximal seta. Hp with broad body; ls elongated, with parallel edges; ms consisting of two lobes, dorsal lobe broadly and irregularly curved, not reaching middle of ls, ventral lobe elongated with blunt point. Differential diagnosis. Brasilocypria alisonae gen. et spec. nov. resembles Keysercypria deformis in the shape of the dorsal margin of the RV. But in the new species, the overlap of the LV on the RV is similar along all margins, except in the middle of dorsal side, while in K. deformis the overlap along the anterior side is much larger. In K. deformis, the lobe ms of the Hp is more than 2 / 3 the length of the ls, while in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov., the ms is much shorter than the ls, i. e., ca. 1 / 2 the length of ls. The second segment of the Rpp in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov. is short and has a weakly rounded distal margin and a dorsal margin which is nearly straight in its distal part, while in K. deformis this second segment is larger and has a sinuous margin. In addition, the h 3 - seta of the T 2 is very large, which is typical of Keysercypria (see discussion). Physocypria granadae Hartmann, 1959 and K. schubarti also have a similar morphology of the Hp as in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov., but the prehensile palps of the first species are more slender, while the second segment of the Rpp is much more robust than in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov. Furthermore, the dorsal margin of the LV of P. granadae is straighter than in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov., and in K. schubarti the greatest overlap of the LV over the RV is situated along the anterior margin, while this anterior overlap is much less pronounced in B. alisonae gen. et spec. nov. Brasilocypria alisonae gen. et spec. nov. has a similar Cp shape as in B. pea gen. et spec. nov., but the dorsal margin is straighter in the former species, while B. pea gen. et spec. nov. is generally longer.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: South Matogrossense Pantanal, Miranda II River (PAN 66), in Eichhornia azurea, Ludwigia sp., Pistia sp. and Salvinia spp. Coordinates: 19 ° 2 ′ 7.7 ′′ S, 57 ° 18 ′ 49 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43123). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43124). Paratypes: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43125, MZUSP 43126). Two male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43127, MZUSP 43128). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43129). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43130, MZUSP 43131, MZUSP 43132).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This species is named in honour of Prof. Alison Smith (Kent University, Ohio, USA) in honour of her significant contribution to the taxonomy and ecology of North American non-marine ostracods, both fossil and recent. Other material illustrated: South Matogrossense Pantanal: One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43133) from Curva Doleque Road, lake 4 (PAN 08). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43134) from Corumba Road, pool 2 (PAN 14). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43135) from Corumba Road, lake 4 (PAN 18). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43136) and three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43137, MZUSP 43138, MZUSP 43139) from Camp Road, pool 4 (PAN 31). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43140) and one female carapace stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43141) from Camp Road, pool 4 (PAN 31). Other material examined: South Matogrossense Pantanal: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43142, MZUSP 43143) from Curva Doleque Road, lake 4 (PAN 08). Two females dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43144, MZUSP 43145) from Curva Doleque Road, lake 4 (PAN 08). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43146) from Corumba Road, lake 4 (PAN 18). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43147) from BEP wetland 2 (PAN 27). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43148) from Camp Road, pool 4 (PAN 31).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height in middle of valves. LVi (Figs 20 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal ventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 20 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the anteroventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along posteroventral margin, weakly along middle and anteroventral margins. CpRl (Fig 20 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height in middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in middle of dorsal side. CpD (Fig 20 H) and CpV (Fig 20 I) with greatest width in middle, external surface with shallow pits (Fig 20 J). Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. are described here. A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta reaching middle of fifth segment and dorsally with one short hirsute seta reaching tip of fifth segment. A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of the terminal segment) and two shorter, unequally long setae (the long ca. 10 x length of short). Terminal segment with one g-seta ca. 1 / 2 length of y 3. Md-palp (not illustrated) with second segment with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 1 / 2 of the length of the third segment). Mx 1 (not illustrated) first endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 6 x length of previous one). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 21 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 21 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 14 unequal and hirsute setae; two short smooth a-setae, one smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (almost 2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 21 B) with first segment stout, broad and long, with V-shaped dorsal margin and distally with a curved spinal edge. Lpp (Fig 21 C) with shorter first segment, distally slightly tapering; second segment smoothly curved, second half elongated. T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching middle of third endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, almost reaching tip of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching beyond tip of terminal segment. Terminal segment with h 3 - seta slightly shorter than h 1. T 3 (not illustrated) first segment without dp-seta and with one short d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 4 of length of segment). CR (Fig 21 D) well-developed and robust, with long proximal Sp-seta (ca. 2 / 3 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta. Hp (Fig 21 E) with broad body; ls elongated, with parallel edges; ms consisting of two lobes, ventral lobe broadly and irregularly curved, not reaching middle of ls, ventral lobe elongated with blunt point. Description of female. Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria alisonae gen. et spec. nov. are described here. LVi (Figs 22 A, C – D) and RVi (Figs 22 B, E – F) higher than male. RVi with tubercles along posteroventral margin, disappearing in middle and few tubercles next to anterior side. CpRl (Fig 22 G) as in the male. CpD (Fig 22 H) and CpV (Fig 22 I) with greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 22 J). A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite with two short setae and with long hirsute seta reaching tip of second endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). Mx 1 (not illustrated) first endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 3 x length of previous one). T 1 (Fig 23 A) with protopodite apically with a group of 15 unequal and hirsute setae; two smooth a-setae, one short and smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (ca. 7 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (almost 2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (one ca. 2 / 3 length of the long and one 1 / 2 length of the long). T 3 (not illustrated) first segment with one long and hirsute dp-seta and one short d 1 - seta (the latter ca. 1 / 2 of length of dp). CR (Fig 23 B) well-developed and robust, with long proximal hirsute Sp-seta (ca. 2 / 3 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: As this species occurs in more than one locality in South Matogrossense Pantanal, we also illustrate valves of males and one female (Fig 24 C, D) and carapaces of a male and female (Fig 25) from other lakes of the South Pantanal Matogrossense, to show the similarities among them. We also illustrate the outline of Hp and prehensile palps of four males to show some variabilities between specimens (Fig 26). For instance, the ls of the Hp is robust in some specimens (Figs 26 A – B, I – J, M – N), and slender in others (Figs 26 E – F). The distal part of the second segment of the Lpp can be distally pointed (Fig 26 O) or rounded (Figs 26 G, K). Also, the basal part of the first segment of the Lpp is wider in some specimens (Figs 26 H, P) and narrower in others (Figs 26 D, L).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F51FF9A94AB0D31A5F1FB2D.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Brasilocypria alisonae gen. et spec. nov. was recorded only from South Matogrossense Pantanal, associated with different species of macrophytes. The water temperature recorded was 19 to 24 ° C. The pH ranged from 6 to 8.1, while the range of electrical conductivity was between 140 and 415 μS. cm- 1 and the value recorded of dissolved oxygen was 4.5 mg. L- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	description	(Figs 27 – 33)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp with suboval shape, LV slightly overlapping RV along dorso-anterior margin and in the middle of posterior side only; LV rather elongated. RV with small marginal tubercles on anterior and posterior sides of ventral margin. CpD and CpV narrow. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, short accompanying seta absent. A 2 in male with a four-segmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. Rpp with relatively short and broad first segment, with indented dorsal margin; second segment subtriangular, with dorsal margin strongly curved, dorso-distal corner pronounced and distal margin almost straight. Lpp with first segment long, dorsal margin straight, ventral margin slightly curved; second segment small and short, sickleshaped, distal margin smoothly rounded. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 2 - seta. T 3 without dp and d 2 setae. CR with a long medially seta. Hp with ls long and bluntly pointed; ms a broad lobe, distally asymmetrically and bluntly pointed, reaching to halfway ls, with internal trabecula long and pointed. Differential diagnosis. Brasilocypria lordi gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other Physocypria s. l. species by the presence of a long and pointed internal trabecula in the Hp. This species is most similar to those species without a large overlap of the LV over the RV, such as Physocypria dentifera (Sharpe, 1918), Physocypria kraepelini G. W. M ̧ ller, 1903, Physocypria larensis Hartmann, 1964 and Physocypria xanabanica Furtos, 1936 b. However, the dorsal margin in the LV of P. larensis and P. xanabanica is slighty rounded, while in the new species, the LV is more elongated and the dorsal margin is straighter. In P. kraepelini, both valves have a similar shape, while in the new species, the RV is higher than the LV and in P. dentifera, the CpD is wider than in B. lordi gen. et spec. nov. Brasilocypria lordi gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Brasilocypria gen. nov., by the elongated carapace, and by the dorsal margin in lateral view, which is characterized by the greatest height in middle (in males) and at the dorso-posterior side (in females). Additionally, this species has a small LV overlap on the RV, which is significantly larger in other species, such as B. pea gen. et spec. nov. and B. ricardopintoi gen. et spec. nov.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: Amazon River floodplain, Manacapuru Lake (AMA 38), in macrophytes. Coordinates: 3 ° 12 ′ 53 ′′ S, 60 ° 42 ′ 36.4 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43149). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43150). Paratypes: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43151, MZUSP 43152). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43153, MZUSP 43154, MZUSP 43155). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43156). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43157).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This species is named after Prof. Alan Lord (presently at the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt, Germany), in recognition of his vast contributions to ostracod science, and to the cohesion in the community of ostracod researchers. Other material illustrated: Amazon River floodplain: One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43158). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43159, MZUSP 43160, MZUSP 43161) from Cadete Lake (AMA 23). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43162). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43163, MZUSP 43164, MZUSP 43165) from Cadete Lake (AMA 23). One male dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43166) from Castanho Lake (AMA 80). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43167) from Castanho Lake (AMA 80). Other material examined: Amazon River floodplain: Three males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43168, MZUSP 43169, MZUSP 43170) from Cadete Lake (AMA 22). Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43171, MZUSP 43172) from Cadete Lake (AMA 23). Two females dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43173, MZUSP 43174) from Cadete Lake (AMA 23). Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43175, MZUSP 43176) from Cadete Lake (AMA 24). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43177) from Cadete Lake (AMA 24).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just in middle of valves. LVi (Figs 27 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 27 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the middle; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along the middle of ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 27 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height in middle; LV overlapping RV in dorsoanterior side and in middle of posterior side. CpD (Fig 27 H) and CpV (Fig 27 I) with a flat shape, with greatest width in middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 27 J). Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. are described here. A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta reaching middle of fifth segment and dorsally with one short hirsute seta reaching middle of fourth segment. A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of first endopodal segment) and two shorter, unequally long setae (the long one ca. 6 x length of short one). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 3 of length of first endopodal segment). Second endopodal segment with aesthetasc y 2 ca. 2 / 3 of length of the terminal segment. Terminal segment with one g-seta, slightly longer than y 3. Mx 1 (not illustrated) with terminal segment of palp apically with three claws and two setae (both ca. 1 / 2 length of claws). First endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 6 x length of previous one). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 28 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 28 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 14 unequal and hirsute setae, two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (ca. 6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 28 B) with relatively short and broad first segment, with curved dorsal margin; second segment subtriangular, with dorsal margin strongly curved, dorso-distal corner pronounced and distal margin straight. Lpp (Fig 28 C) with first segment long and with sub-parallel margins; second segment small and short, smoothly rounded. T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one e-seta, slightly shorter than second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical f-seta, reaching middle of third endopodal segment. Terminal segment with h 3 - seta same length of h 1 - seta. T 3 (not illustrated) first segment with one long hirsute dp-seta and one long hirsute d 1 - seta (the latter ca. 2 / 3 of dp). CR (Fig 28 D) well-developed and robust, with long proximal hirsute Sp-seta (more than 1 / 2 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta. Hp (Fig 28 E) with ls long and pointed, ms a broad lobe, distally asymmetrical and bluntly pointed, reaching to halfway ls, with internal trabecula long and pointed. Description of female. Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria lordi gen. et spec. nov. are described here. LVi (Figs 29 A, C – D) and RVi (Figs 29 B, E – F) higher than male. RVi with greatest height behind middle of dorsal margin. CpRl (Fig 29 G) with LV overlapping RV in dorsoposterior and ventroposterior side. CpD (Fig 29 H) and CpV (Fig 29 I) with the greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 29 J). A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally and dorsally with one short seta reaching middle of fourth segment. A 2 (not illustrated) third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). T 1 (Fig 30 A) protopodite apically with a group of 14 unequal and hirsute setae; two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (ca. 6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (both ca. 1 / 2 length of the long). T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching tip of second endopodal segment. T 3 (not illustrated) first segment with one long hirsute dp-seta and one long hirsute d 1 - seta (the latter ca. 1 / 2 of dp). CR (Fig 30 B) well-developed and robust, with long proximal hirsute Sp-seta (ca. 1 / 2 of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and smooth Sa-seta.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	discussion	Remarks: As this species occurs in more than one locality in the Amazon River floodplain, we also illustrate valves and Cp of males (Fig 31) and valves and Cp of females (Fig 32) from others lakes of the Amazon River floodplain, to show the similarities among them. We also illustrate the outlines of the Hp and prehensile palps of two males that can show small differences between specimens (Fig 33), e. g., lobe ms of Hp with a pointed end (Figs 33 A – B), and slightly rounded end (Figs 33 E – F).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F58FF8194AB0E25A5ECFE45.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Brasilocypria lordi gen. et spec. nov. was recorded only from the Amazon River floodplain, associated with various species of macrophytes. The water temperature recorded was between 32 and 37 ° C. The pH varied from 6.4 to 6.8. The range of electrical conductivity was between 1.8 to 81.7 μS. cm- 1 and the values of dissolved oxygen varied from 0.9 to 116.8 mg. L- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	description	(Figs 34 – 37)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp and valves elongated in lateral view in males (L almost 2 x H), suboval in females, LV overlapping RV, except in the middle of dorsal margin, anterior and posteroventral overlap the largest. RV with (very) small marginal tubercles along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. External surface with ‘ stretch marks’. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, short accompanying seta absent; male A 2 with four-segmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical, but both with unusually short and broad first segments. Rpp first segment with V-shaped indention in dorsal margin, distally with large pointed hook; second segment rounded, bluntly pointed toward ventral side. Lpp with first segment with semi-parallel margins; second segment short and strongly curved, sickle-shaped and smoothly rounded. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 2 - seta. T 3 without dp and d 2 setae. CR with a short proximal seta in male and very long proximal seta in female. Hp generally rather narrow, with ls long, narrow and distally rounded; ms triangular, distally sharply pointed and almost as long as ls. Differential diagnosis. Brasilocypria namiotkoi gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from most other species of Physocypria s. l. by the elongated valves in the male and the stretch marks present on the male Cp. Physocypria biwaensis and P. bullata, also have a pointed lobe ms on the Hp, but in B. namiotkoi gen. et spec. nov., the ms is not curved at the tip and the triangular and pointed end is shorter than in P. biwaensis and P. bullata. Physocypria capensis (Sars, 1895), P. kraepelini and Physocypria nipponica Okubo, 1990 also have a pointed end of the ms, however, this lobe in these species is more slender and less triangular than in the new species (Table 3). The stretch marks present in the Cp surface of male of B. namiotkoi gen. et spec. nov. are a unique characteristic, which is not observed in other species from the same genus.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: Amazon River floodplain, Castanho Lake (AMA 80), in Eichhornia crassipes and Paspalum sp. Coordinates: 3 ° 23 ′ 57 ′′ S, 60 ° 13 ′ 27.8 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43178). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43179). Paratypes: One male carapace stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43180). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43181, MZUSP 43182, MZUSP 43183).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species is named in honour of Prof. Tadeusz “ Tadek ” Namiotko (University of Gdansk, Poland), in recognition of his important contribution to the knowledge of ecology, morphology and systematics of non-marine ostracods, and with gratitude for years of friendship with KM.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just in middle of valves. LVi (Figs 34 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 34 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the anteroventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along the middle of ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 34 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height in middle; LV overlaps RV along all margins. CpD (Fig 34 H) and CpV (Fig 34 I) with a compressed shape, with greatest width in middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae and ‘ stretch marks’ (Fig 34 J). Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria pea gen. et spec. nov. are described here. A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta almost reaching middle of fifth segment and dorsally with one short seta reaching middle of fourth segment. Sixth segment with one short hirsute seta (more than 5 x length of terminal segment). A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite a small plate with two short setae and one long hirsute seta (reaching middle of second endopodal segment). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 3 of length of segment). Second endopodal segment with aesthetasc y 1 not seen. Terminal segment with one g-seta, ca. 1 / 2 length of y 3. Md-palp (not illustrated) with second segment with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 1 / 2 of the length of the third segment). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 35 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 35 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequal and hirsute setae, two short smooth a-setae, one long and hirsute b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta, and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 35 B) first segment with V-shaped dorsal margin, distally with large pointed hook; second segment rounded, bluntly pointed toward ventral side. Lpp (Fig 35 C) with first segment with parallel margins; second segment short and strongly curved, smoothly rounded. T 2 (not illustrated) terminal segment with h 3 - seta slightly shorter than h 1. T 3 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one hirsute dp-seta and one short and hirsute d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 3 the length of dp). CR (Fig 35 D) well-developed and robust, with one short proximal seta (ca. 1 / 3 of ramus), subapically with one serrated claw, apically with one long serrated claw and one short and smooth seta. Hp (Fig 35 E) generally rather narrow, with ls long, narrow and distally rounded; ms triangular, distally sharply pointed and almost as long as ls. Description of female. Only the differences with the male of Brasilocypria namiotkoi gen. et spec. nov. are described here. LVi (Figs 36 A, C – D) and RVi (Figs 36 B, E – F) wider than male. RVi with tubercles in posteroventral and anteroventral margins, absent in middle of the ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 36 G) with LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in dorsal side in front of middle. CpD (Fig 36 H) and CpV (Fig 36 I) with greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae, without ‘ stretch marks’ (Fig 36 J). A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta almost reaching the tip of the fifth segment and dorsally with one short seta reaching the middle of the fifth segment. A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite with two short setae and one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of second endopodal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). T 1 (Fig 37 A) with protopodite apically with a group of 12 unequally and hirsute setae; two short a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and smooth d-seta (more than 5 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (one ca. 2 / 3 length of the long and one 1 / 2 length of the long). T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching beyond middle of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching beyond tip of the terminal segment. Terminal segment with hirsute h 3 - seta, slightly longer than h 1. CR (Fig 37 B) well-developed and robust, with one long proximal seta (more than 2 / 3 of ramus), subapically with one serrated claw, apically with one long serrated claw and one short and hirsute seta.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The sexual dimorphism in valve shape in this species is unusually large. Care was taken to evaluate all available specimens. No males were found with the present female morphology or vice versa, so that at this stage we consider both sexes as conspecific.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F43FF8F94AB0ACDA3A2F87D.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Brasilocypria namiotkoi gen. et spec. nov. was recorded only from the Amazon River floodplain, associated with two different macrophytes. The water temperature was 33 ° C. The pH recorded was 6.4. The electrical conductivity value was 43.5 μS. cm- 1 and the dissolved oxygen was 0.9 mg. L- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F4EFF8B94AB0EDDA5B4FD89.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F4EFF8B94AB0EDDA5B4FD89.taxon	diagnosis	Abbreviated diagnosis of Claudecypria gen. nov. (see also Table 3). A 2 with short seta accompanying natatory setae absent. Md-palp with β-seta long and stout; length of last segment ca. 2 x the basal width, apically set with three claws and one seta. Mx 1 - palp set with five structures (claws and setae). T 1 with b-seta short and d-seta long; right prehensile palp with distal protrusion on first segment and second segment hyper-developed. T 2 with d 1 - seta absent, setae e and h 3 in male short. T 3 with setae d 2 and dp absent; h 2 - seta ca. 2 x length of h 1 - seta. Proximal seta on CR short. Hp with lobes ls and ms both broad and strongly developed. Ovarium ventrally turned back and upwards. Differential diagnosis. The new genus can be separated from the genera Cyclocypris, Kempcyclocypris, Cypria, Mecynocypria and Allocypria by the presence of marginal tubercles on the RV; furthermore, from Cypria, Physocypria and Dentocypria by the absence of the short seta accompanying the natatory setae on the A 2 and from Physocypria also by the absence of the d 2 - seta on the T 2 and T 3 (these setae present in Physocypria) and by the ovarium, which curves backward and upward (downward and forward in Physocypria). Claudecypria gen. nov. differs from Keysercypria by the relatively shorter final segment of the Md-palp (L = 2 x W in Claudecypria gen. nov., L = 5 x W in Keysercypria;), by the presence of five setae / claws on the second segment of the Mx 1 - palp (four in Keysercypria), by the short proximal seta on the CR (medium length in Keysercypria) and especially by the short h 3 - seta in the male (very long in Keysercypria). Claudecypria gen. nov. is further distinguished from most (all?) other genera in the Cyclocypridinae by the absence of the dp-seta on the T 3. It is further distinguished from Brasilocypria gen. nov. by the Hp and prehensile palps, which are hyper-developed and with swollen shields and segments (not so in Brasilocypria gen. nov.). Claudecypria gen. nov. furthermore, differs from the subterranean genera Kempfcyclocypris and Namiotkocypria by at least the well-developed natatory setae on the A 2 (reduced in these latter genera).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F4EFF8B94AB0EDDA5B4FD89.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The new genus is named after Dr Claude Meisch, in honour of his vast contribution to research on non-marine ostracods, culminated in his important monograph on the non-marine ostracods of Western Europe (Meisch 2000), and with gratitude for years of friendship with KM.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	description	(Figs 38 – 45)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp suboval, LV overlapping RV, except in the middle of dorsal margin; anterior and posteroventral overlap the largest. Posteroventral tubercles on RV more prominent than anteroventral ones. LV with clear posteroventral flange. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, short accompanying seta absent; male A 2 with four-segmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. Rpp first segment strongly constricted in middle; with large and pointed dorsal outgrowth; second segment large, subtriangular, with curved dorsal side and a dorso-distal knob. Lpp with stout first segment, distally narrowing; second segment small and sickle-shaped, smoothly curved. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 1 and d 2 setae. T 3 without dp and d 2 setae in both male and female. CR with proximal seta short. Hp with two large and broad lobes; ls with broad stem, distally dilated and rounded; ms subquadrate, twice broader than long, reaching beyond halfway ls. Differential diagnosis. Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other Physocypria s. l. species mainly by the exceptional morphology of the Hp and prehensile palps. Up to now, no Physocypria s. l. species has characteristics of the male reproductive appendages that even remotely approach those of C. mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. Regarding Cp morphology, C. mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. is somewhat similar to Keysercypria affinis, but has broader anterior and posterior margins of CpRl. Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. also has a short h 3 - seta on the T 2, which is characteristic of Keysercypria affinis and diagnostic of the genus (see Discussion). The general shape of Physocypria circinata W ̧ rdig & Pinto, 1993 and of P. longiseta is also similar to the new species. However, in P. circinata, the LV does not overlap the RV as much as in the new species, especially in the antero and posteroventral sides.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: South Matogrossense Pantanal, Carenda Forest Road, lake 1 (PAN 09), in macrophytes. Coordinates: 19 ° 43 ′ 39 ′′ S, 57 ° 4 ′ 19 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43184). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43185). Paratypes: Two males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43186, MZUSP 43187 (LV lost )). Three male carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43188, MZUSP 43189, MZUSP 43190). One female dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43191). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43192, MZUSP 43193, MZUSP 43194).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species is named in honour of Prof. Francesc “ Paco ” Mesquita-Joanes (University of Valencia, Spain), in recognition of his important contribution to the knowledge on ecology and taxonomy of freshwater ostracods, and in gratitude for years of friendship with KM. Other material examined: South Matogrossense Pantanal: One male dissected and stored as the holotype (NA 099 (Cp lost )) from Carenda Forest Road, stream 1 (PAN 10).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just behind the middle on LV and in middle on RV. LVi (Figs 38 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; and inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 38 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the anteroventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins, weakly along the middle of ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 38 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height behind middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in middle of dorsal side, with greatest overlap in anterior and posteroventral side. CpD (Fig 38 H) and CpV (Fig 38 I) with greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits (Fig 38 J). A 1 (Fig 39 A) with seven segments. First segment large, with two long hirsute ventro-apical setae; one short hirsute dorsal seta; Wouter’s organ not seen. Second segment wider than long, with one short hirsute dorsal seta; Rome organ not seen. Segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta slightly longer than fourth segment and dorsally with one short seta reaching middle of fourth segment. Fourth segment with two long dorsoapical setae and two unequally short ventro-apical setae. Fifth segment with four apical setae: two long dorsal ones reaching beyond tip of terminal segment and two ventral, ca. 2 x length of fifth segment. Sixth segment with one short hirsute seta (5 x length of terminal segment). Terminal segment with one short hirsute seta ca. 3 x of length of the aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (Fig 39 B – C) with protopodite, exopodite and four-segmented endopodite. Protopodite ventrally with one long apical hirsute seta reaching tip of terminal segment. Exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of the terminal segment) and two shorter, unequal setae (one ca. 3 x the length of shorter one). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 2 length of segment), one long ventro-apical hirsute seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), and five natatory setae, reaching well beyond tip of end claws; short accompanying seta missing. Second endopodal segment with four t-setae of unequal length (t 1 long and hirsute, t 2 and t 3 stout and t 4 short); dorsally with two unequally short setae; ventrally with aesthetasc y 1 (same length of second endopodal segment) and aesthetasc y 2 (reaching middle of terminal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with four claws (G 1, G 2, z 1, z 2) and two setae (G 3, z 3). Terminal segment (Fig 39 C) with two claws, one long (GM) and one slightly short (Gm) claw, one aesthetasc y 3 with accompanying seta (ca. 4 x length of aesthetasc y 3), and one g-seta, ca. 2 / 3 length of y 3. Md-palp (Fig 40 A) with four segments. First segment with two long plumose setae (S 1 and S 2), one long smooth seta and short slender smooth α-seta. Second segment with two dorsal, unequally short setae; ventrally with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 2 / 3 length of third segment) and four long setae (three hirsute and one smooth). Third segment with three groups of setae: dorsally one group of four setae (three unequally long and one short ca. 1 / 3 length of longest); lateral apical γ-seta (1 / 2 length of terminal segment) and three smooth setae (one long and two short, ca. 2 / 3 of longest); one ventral group with one seta reaching the middle of the terminal segment and one very short seta. Terminal segment with L ca. 2 x basal width, with three unequally long claws and two short setae. Md-coxa (Fig 39 D) elongated, dorsally with a short seta, and with strong and apical teeth, interspaced with some setae. Mx 1 (Fig 40 B — chaetotaxy not complete) consisting of three masticatory lobes (endites), a two-segmented palp and a large branchial plate (not illustrated). Branchial plate elongated, with ca. 16 respiratory rays, some quite short, others longer. First segment of palp with five unequally short setae and one stout plumose setae at base of segment. Terminal segment of palp rectangular, ca. half-length of first segment of palp, apically with three claws and two setae (both ca. 1 / 2 length of claws). Third and second endites with two smooth claws. First endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 2 x length of short one). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 41 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 41 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 15 unequal and hirsute setae, two short a-setae, one smooth b-seta, one long and hirsute d-seta (ca. 2 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (almost 2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 41 B) with first segment strongly constricted in middle, with large dorsal outgrowth; second segment large, subtriangular, with curved dorsal side and a dorso-distal knob. Lpp (Fig 41 C) with stout first segment, distally narrowing; second segment small and sickle-shaped, smoothly curved. T 2 (Fig 40 C) with protopodite, including a “ knee ” - segment, and four endopodite segments. Protopodal segment without d 1 - seta. “ Knee ” - segment without d 2 - seta. First endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, slightly longer than second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, reaching beyond tip of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching the tip of terminal segment, and one accompanying shorter seta. Terminal segment with hirsute h 1 and h 3 - setae, the latter slightly shorter than h 1, and apically one long and serrated h 2 - claw (ca. 2 / 3 the length of this segment). T 3 (Fig 41 E) with four segments. First segment without dp-seta and with one short hirsute d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 5 length of first segment), d 2 - seta missing. Second segment with one very short subapical e-seta. Third segment with two very short setae: medially f-seta and subapically g-seta. Terminal segment short, longer than wide, with three hirsute setae: one short h 1 - seta, one h 2 - seta more than twice the length of h 1 and one long h 3 - seta, about as long as T 3. CR (Fig 41 F) well-developed, with one short proximal hirsute seta (ca. 1 / 5 length of ramus), subapically with one serrated claw, apically with one long serrated claw and one short and hirsute seta. CR attachment (Fig 41 G) robust, with two branches: db short with a rounded protrusion distally and vb longer than db and without a protrusion. Zenker’s organ (Fig 41 D) about 3 x longer than wide, with ca. 5 spiny whorls. Hp (Fig 41 H) with large and broad lobes; ls with broad stem, distally dilated and rounded; ms subquadrate, twice broader than long, reaching beyond halfway ls. Description of female. CpRl (Fig 42 G) as in the male. CpD (Fig 42 H) and CpV (Fig 42 I) with greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 42 J). Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just behind the middle on LV and in middle on RV. LVi (Figs 42 A, C – D) higher than male, with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; and inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-sockets displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 42 B, E – F) higher than male, with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in the anteroventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along postero-ventral margin, disappearing in the middle and few tubercles next to anterior side. CpRl (Fig 42 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height behind middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in middle of dorsal margin, with greatest overlap in anterior and posteroventral side. CpD (Fig 42 H) and CpV (Fig 42 I) with greatest width behind middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae (Fig 42 J). A 1 (Fig 43 A) with seven segments. First segment large, with two long ventro-apical hirsute setae and one short dorsal hirsute seta; Wouter’s organ not seen. Second segment wider than long, with one short hirsute dorsal seta; Rome organ not seen. Third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one long seta slightly longer than fourth segment and dorsally with one short seta reaching middle of fourth segment. Fourth segment with two long dorso-apical setae and two unequally short ventro-apical setae. Fifth segment with four apical setae: two long dorsal reaching beyond tip of terminal segment and two ventral twice length of fifth segment. Sixth segment with one short hirsute seta (more than 5 x length of terminal segment). Terminal segment with two long setae, one short aesthetasc Ya and one short hirsute seta, the latter twice length of aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (Fig 43 B – C) with protopodite, exopodite and three-segmented endopodite. Protopodite ventrally with one long apical hirsute seta almost reaching tip of end claws. Exopodite a small plate with one long hirsute seta (reaching tip of terminal segment) and two unequally short setae (long one ca. 3 x length of short one). First endopodal segment ventrally with aesthetasc Y (ca. 1 / 2 length of segment), one long ventro-apical hirsute seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), and five long natatory setae, reaching well beyond tip of end claws; short accompanying seta absent. Second endopodal segment with four t-setae of unequally length (t 1, t 2 and t 3 long and t 4 very short); dorsally with two unequally short setae; ventrally with aesthetasc y 1 (ca. 1 / 4 length of second endopodal segment) and aesthetasc y 2 (reaching beyond middle of terminal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 1, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). Terminal segment (Fig 43 C) with accompanying setae (ca. 5 x length of aesthetasc y 3), and one g-seta, ca. 2 / 3 length of y 3. Md-palp (Fig 44 A) with four segments. First segment with two long plumose setae (S 1 and S 2), one long smooth seta and short slender smooth α-seta. Second segment with two dorsal unequally short setae; ventrally with stout hirsute β-seta (ca. 2 / 3 length of third segment) and four long setae (three hirsute and one smooth). Third segment with three groups of setae: dorsal group with four setae (three unequally long and one short, ca. 1 / 4 length of longest); lateral apical γ-seta (1 / 2 length of the terminal segment) and three smooth setae (two unequally long setae and one shorter, ca. 1 / 2 length of the longest); ventral group with one short seta. Terminal segment with L ca. 2 x basal width, with three unequally long claws and two short setae. Md-coxa (Fig 43 D) elongated, dorsally with a short seta, and with strong and apical teeth, interspaced with some setae. Mx 1 (Fig 44 B — chaetotaxy not complete) consisting of three masticatory lobes (endites), a two-segmented palp and a large branchial plate (not illustrated). Branchial plate elongated with ca. 16 respiratory rays, some quite short, others longer. First segment of palp with five unequally short setae and one stout plumose seta at base of segment. Terminal segment of palp rectangular, ca. half the length of first segment of palp, apically with three claws and two setae (both ca. 1 / 2 length of claws). Third and second endite with two smooth claws. First endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 3 x length of previous one). T 1 (Fig 44 C) with protopodite apically with a group of 15 unequal and hirsute setae; two short a-setae, one smooth b-seta, one long and hirsute d-seta (more than half of the length of the segment), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (almost 2 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with one long and two short setae (one ca. 2 / 3 length of the long and one 1 / 2 length of the long). T 2 (Fig 45 A) with protopodite, including a “ knee ” - segment, and four endopodite segments. Protopodal segment without d 1 - seta. “ Knee ” - segment without d 2 - seta. First endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, slightly shorter than third segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching tip of terminal segment. Terminal segment with one short hirsute h 1 - seta, one hirsute h 3 - seta, slightly shorter than h 1 - seta and apically with one long, strongly curved and serrated h 2 - claw (ca. 2 / 3 the length of this segment). T 3 (Fig 45 B) with four segments. First segment without dp-seta and with one hirsute d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 2 the length of the first segment), d 2 - seta missing. Second segment with one very short subapical e-seta. Third segment with two very short setae: medially f-seta and subapically g-seta. Terminal segment short, slightly longer than wide, with three hirsute setae: one short h 1 - seta, one longer h 2 - seta, more than twice the length of h 1 - seta and one very long h 3 - seta, about same length as T 3. CR (Fig 45 C) well-developed, with long proximal hirsute Sp-seta (ca. 1 / 3 length of segment), subapically with strong serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and hirsute Sa-seta. CR attachment (Fig 45 D) robust, with two branches: db short with a rounded protrusion distally and vb longer than db and without a protrusion.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F49FFF094AB0981A224FAD9.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. was recorded only from South Matogrossense Pantanal, associated with different species of macrophytes. The water temperature was 21 ° C. The pH recorded was 7 and the electrical conductivity was 215 μS. cm- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	description	(Figs 46 – 49)	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cp suboval, LV strongly overlapping RV, except in the middle of dorsal margin, and especially along the anteroventral and posteroventral margins; flanges broad there. Marginal tubercles on RV weakly developed. A 2 with natatory setae well-developed, short accompanying seta absent; male A 2 with four-segmented endopodite and with t 2 and t 3 transformed into sexual bristles. Rpp and Lpp asymmetrical. Rpp with broad first segment, with slightly curved dorsal margin and strongly developed, bluntly pointed distal margin; second segment subtriangular, with pronounced dorso-distal corner and straight distal margin. Lpp with first segment with a broad base, distally tapering; second segment with broad base, distal part sickle-shaped, narrowing. T 1 with one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae. T 2 without d 1 and d 2 setae. T 3 without dp and d 2 setae in both male and female. CR with a short proximal seta. Hp with ls broad, distally shaped as a bird beak, with ventrally directed beak; ms a broad, elongated and slightly dorsally curved lobe, distally asymmetrically rounded and almost reaching the edge of ls. Differential diagnosis. Claudecypria rochei gen. et spec. nov. can be distinguished from other Physocypria s. l. species mainly by the aberrant morphology of the Hp and prehensile palps, which is comparable (yet still very different) only to that of Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. (see above), and by the large flanges on the LV, which cause an exceptionally large overlap of the LV over the RV, especially along the anterior and anteroventral sides and along the posteroventral margin. Keysercypria deformis, Physocypria longiseta and P. nipponica somewhat resemble Claudecypria rochei gen. et spec. nov. in the shape of the valves. However, the dorsal margin of the LV is straighter in the new species and also, the overlap in the new species is much more prominent than in these taxa, while the morphology of the male reproductive organs is radically different. Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. differs from C. rochei gen. et spec. nov. by a smaller LV overlap on RV, while the flanges on the LV are also much larger in the latter species. Also the Hp and the prehensile palps are very different between the two species, but still more similar to each other than to those of the other species of Physocypria s. l., including those of Brasilocypria gen. nov.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality: South Matogrossense Pantanal, Camp Road, pool 4 (PAN 31), in macrophytes. Coordinates: 19 ° 34 ′ 34 ′′ S, 57 ° 1 ′ 7 ′′ W. Type material: Holotype: A male, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43195). Allotype: A female, dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43196). Paratypes: Three males dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43197, MZUSP 43198, MZUSP 43199). One male carapace stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (MZUSP 43200). Two females dissected and stored as the holotype (MZUSP 43201, MZUSP 43202). Three female carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides (MZUSP 43203, MZUSP 43204, MZUSP 43205).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This species is named in honour of Prof. Kennedy “ Ken ” Roche (Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil), in recognition of his significant contribution to Brazilian limnology, and with gratitude for years of friendship with JH and KM.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	description	Measurements of illustrated specimens. See Table 2. Description of male. Valves with suboval shape, with greatest height just in front of middle on LV and in middle on RV. LVi (Figs 46 A, C – D) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella; an inwardly displaced inner list running along the anterior margin, ending in an internal anteroventral tooth; tubercle-socked displaced along anteroventral and posteroventral margins. RVi (Figs 46 B, E – F) with narrow calcified anterior and posterior inner lamella and an inwardly displaced inner list along the anterior margin, disappearing in anteroventral margin; strong marginal tubercles along posteroventral margin, weakly along the anteroventral margin and absent in the middle of ventral margin. CpRl (Fig 46 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height behind middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, with greatest overlap in anterior and posteroventral side. CpD (Fig 46 H) and CpV (Fig 46 I) with greatest width in middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae and geometric ornamentation (Fig 46 J). Only the differences with the male of Claudecypria mesquitai gen. et spec. nov. are described here. A 1 (not illustrated) third segment with two apical setae: ventrally with one short seta almost reaching tip of fourth segment and dorsally with one short seta reaching middle of fourth segment. Terminal segment with one short hirsute seta, ca. 3 x of length of aesthetasc Ya. A 2 (not illustrated) exopodite a small plate with two short and one long hirsute seta (the latter slightly longer than the second endopodal segment). Terminal segment with g-seta slightly shorter than y 3. Md-palp (not illustrated) third segment with three groups of setae: dorsally one group of four setae (two long and two short, ca. 1 / 3 of longest). Terminal segment with L ca. 2 x basal width. Mx 1 (not illustrated) first endite short with two basal setae (one short and one long, about 5 x length of previous one). T 1 with protopodite (Fig 47 A) and endopodite (asymmetrical prehensile palps) (Figs 47 B – C). Protopodite apically with a group of 16 unequal and hirsute setae, two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and hirsute d-seta (6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (2 x length of d-seta). Rpp (Fig 47 B) with broad first segment, with slightly curved dorsal margin and strongly developed, bluntly pointed distal margin; second segment subtriangular, with pronounced dorso-distal corner and straight distal margin. Lpp (Fig 47 C) with first segment with a broad base, distally tapering; second segment with broad base, distal part narrow. T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, reaching beyond tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with one apical hirsute f-seta, reaching the tip of third endopodal segment. Third endopodal segment with one subapical hirsute g-seta, reaching beyond tip of the terminal segment. Terminal segment with one dorsally hirsute h 3 - seta, same length of h 1. T 3 (not illustrated) first segment without dp-seta and with one short and hirsute d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 2 length of first segment). CR (Fig 47 D) well-developed and robust, with one short proximal seta (ca. 1 / 4 length of ramus), subapically with one serrated claw, apically with one long serrated claw and one short and smooth seta. Zenker’s organ (not illustrated) about 3 x longer than wide, with ca. 5 spiny whorls. Hp (Fig 47 E) with ls broad, distally bird-shaped with ventrally directed ‘ beak’; ms a broad, elongated and slightly dorsally curved lobe, distally asymmetrically rounded and almost reaching the edge of ls. Description of female. Only the differences with the male of Claudecypria rochei gen. et spec. nov. are described here. LVi (Figs 48 A, C – D) and RVi (Figs 48 B, E – F) higher than male. CpRl (Fig 48 G) with a suboval shape, with greatest height behind middle; LV overlapping RV along all margins, except in the middle of dorsal margin, with greatest overlap in anterior and posteroventral side. CpD (Fig 48 H) and CpV (Fig 48 I) with greatest width in middle, external surface with shallow pits and setae and geometric ornamentation (Fig 48 J). A 2 (not illustrated) protopodite with one long apical hirsute seta reaching well beyond tip of end claws. Exopodite a small plate with two short and one long hirsute seta (the latter reaching beyond tip of terminal segment). Third endopodal segment apically with three claws (G 1, G 2, G 3) and three setae (z 1, z 2, z 3). Terminal segment with accompanying seta (ca. 5 x length of aesthetasc y 3). T 1 (Fig 49 A) with protopodite apically with a group of 16 unequal and hirsute setae; two short smooth a-setae, one short smooth b-seta, one long and hirsute d-seta (6 x length of b-seta), and one long and hirsute seta next to the two a-setae (almost 3 x length of d-seta). Endopodite apically with three unequally smooth and short setae. T 2 (not illustrated) first endopodal segment with one apical hirsute e-seta, slightly shorter than second endopodal segment. Terminal segment with two short setae, both hirsute, hirsute, h 3 - seta slightly shorter than h 1; and a long h 2 - seta (ca. 2 / 3 the length of this segment). T 3 (not illustrated) first segment without dp-seta and with one short and hirsute d 1 - seta (ca. 1 / 4 length of first segment). CR (Fig 49 B) well-developed and robust, with short hirsute proximal Sp-seta (ca. 1 / 3 of length of ramus), subapically with serrated Gp-claw, apically with long serrated Ga-claw and short and hirsute Sa-seta.	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
0396C2184F32FFFA94AB0EB1A5B0FE1D.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution. Claudecypria rochei gen. et spec. nov. was recorded only from South Pantanal Matogrossense, associated with different species of macrophytes. The water temperature was 23 ° C. The pH recorded was 7 and the electrical conductivity was 209 μS. cm- 1 (see Table 1).	en	Almeida, Nadiny Martins De, Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Martens, Koen, Higuti, Janet (2023): 5237. Zootaxa 5237: 1-88, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5237.1.1
