identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03947A67FF80FFF99E83FDF516D7BE33.text	03947A67FF80FFF99E83FDF516D7BE33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Russula indosenecis A. Ghosh, D. Chakr., K. Das & Buyck 2022	<div><p>Russula indosenecis A.Ghosh, D.Chakr., K.Das &amp; Buyck sp. nov.</p><p>MycoBank: MB842307</p><p>Figs 2–4A</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Russula indosenecis sp. nov. resembles Japanese R. senecis Imai but differs from it mainly by the strongly amyloid suprahilar spot on the basidiospores, genetic distance of the nrITS sequences (97.25%–97.79% similarity) and its occurrence under Abies densa Giff. in subalpine forests.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Referred to its occurrence in Indian Himalaya and morphological resemblance to R. senecis .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype INDIA • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.85336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.637638" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.85336/lat 27.637638)">East Himalayan Region</a>, Tawang district, on the way to Panga Teng Tso Lake; 27°38′15.5″ N, 91°51′12.1″ E; alt. 3935 m a.s.l.; in subalpine forest under Abies densa; 30 Aug. 2021; A. Ghosh AG-21- 06A; GenBank: OL701269 (ITS); CAL[1856].</p><p>Paratype INDIA • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.85322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.637556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.85322/lat 27.637556)">East Himalayan Region</a>, Tawang district, on the way to Panga Teng Tso Lake; 27°38′15.2″ N, 91°51′11.6″ E; alt. 3919 m a.s.l.; in subalpine forest under Abies densa; 29 Aug. 2021; A. Ghosh AG-21- 04A; GenBank: OL701254 (ITS); CAL[1857] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Pileus medium to large sized, 65–140 mm in diameter, convex, planoconvex to applanate with broadly depressed center, becoming infundibuliform with maturity; margin decurved to plane or uplifted with maturity, entire, strongly tuberculate-striate; surface viscid and glutinous when moist, dull with drying, quickly cracked, easily peeled off ⅓ rd to ¾ th toward center, light orange or melon yellow or apricot yellow or golden yellow (5A–B5–7), centrally turning dark brown (6–7E6–8) with maturity or age, turning orange (6A8) with KOH. Pileus context up to 6 mm thick at the disc, compact, brittle, firm, chalky white (1–2A1), unchanging after bruising or on exposure. Lamellae shortly adnate to subfree, equal or with rare lamellulae, subdistant (7–10/cm at pileus margin), rarely forked, chalky white (1A1) to pale cream (3A2) when young, becoming concolorous to pileus colour with age or maturity, unchanging after bruising or on exposure; edges punctuated with brownish orange (6C5–7) or light brown (6D5–7), entire. Stipe long and slender, 90–160 × 13–30 mm, firm, brittle, cylindrical to subclavate, centrally attached; surface dry, smooth, longitudinally striate, light yellow to maize yellow (4A4–6) with light brown (6D5–7) to brown (6D6–7) tinges. Stipe context light orange or apricot yellow or golden yellow (5A–B5–7), multichambered, soon hollowing, unchanging on exposure; turning deep to dark turquoise (24E–F7–8) with guaiacol, insensitive to FeSO 4. Odor indistinctive. Taste acrid and very strong to hurting. Spore print pale cream (IIb).</p><p>Basidiospores globose to subglobose, (8.4–)8.8–9.3–9.8(–10.5) × (8.2–)8.6–9.0–9.5(–10.4) μm, Q = (1–)1.01–1.03–1.06(–1.10); ornamentation amyloid, composed of up to 1.8 μm high wings running over more or less long distances on the spore surface or even nearly encircling the spores, mixed with dense, low network of short, laterally flattened, blunt ridges and warts forming an incomplete network, intermixed with crowded, isolated warts and large spines (up to 1.5 μm high), some spines partly connected; suprahilar spot indistinct, warted, sometimes partially amyloid; apiculi up to 2.7 μm long. Basidia (52–)58–64–71(–75) × 11–13–14(–15) μm, 4-spored, subclavate to clavate, tapered at the base; sterigmata up to 6 μm long. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides (68–)73.9–85.7–97.5(–115) × 5.5–8–10.5(–16) μm, abundant, cylindrical to lanceolate with obtuse-rounded, mucronate to capitate or subcapitate, appendiculate to lageniform or moniliform apex, emergent up to 50 μm beyond the basidiole tips, few deeply embedded; content dense, finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning grayblack with sulfovanillin. Lamellae edges fertile with basidia and cystidia. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae edges (37–)44.7–51.5–58 × (6–)6.8–7.5–8 μm, cylindrical to lanceolate with obtuse-rounded apex; content dense, finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning gray-black with sulfovanillin. Marginal cells not differentiated. Subhymenium layer up to 35 μm thick, pseudoparenchymatous. Hymenophoral trama composed mainly of large nests of sphaerocytes and few hyphal elements. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl Blue, sharply delimited from the underlying sphaerocytes of the context, 140–150 μm thick, twolayered; subpellis 65–70 μm deep, composed of more or less densely intermixed, horizontally oriented hyphae and dispersed pileocystidia; suprapellis pseudoparenchymatous, an ixo-palisade, 75–80 μm thick, mainly composed of ascending to erect, densely septate hyphal extremities forming chains of mostly strongly inflated cells. Acidoresistant incrustations absent. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin thin-walled, composed of chains of 3–5 cells, sometimes branched at the terminal cells; terminal cells (12–)13.9–20.6–27.3(–42) × 7–10.1–12.9(–19) μm, mainly clavate to subglobose or cylindrical with rounded apex; subterminal cells inflated or cylindrical. Hyphal terminations in the pileus center also thinwalled, rarely branched at the subterminal cells; terminal cells measuring (11–)14.3–19.9–25.5(–36) × 6–9.1–12.2(–18) μm, mainly cylindrical or clavate; subterminal cells mainly cylindrical or inflated. Pileocystidia near the pileus margin single celled, long, flexuous, thin-walled, (40–)35.1–57.3–79.4(– 104) × 5–6.1–7.2(–8) μm, mainly cylindrical, apically mainly obtuse-rounded; contents finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning gray-black in sulfovanillin. Pileocystidia near the pileus center similar, but comparatively longer and broader, (42–)60–92.3–124(–140) × (5–)4.6–6.6–8.7(–10) μm, and sometimes with lateral projections. Oleiferous hyphae present in pileus context. Clamp connections absent from all tissues.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03947A67FF80FFF99E83FDF516D7BE33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ghosh, Aniket;Buyck, Bart;Das, Kanad;Bera, Ishika;Chakraborty, Dyutiparna	Ghosh, Aniket, Buyck, Bart, Das, Kanad, Bera, Ishika, Chakraborty, Dyutiparna (2022): Two new Asian species of Russula sect. Ingratae with unique basidiospore features for subg. Heterophyllidiae. European Journal of Taxonomy 847: 104-120, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1985, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1985
03947A67FF8CFFF59E93FEEA1540BEF5.text	03947A67FF8CFFF59E93FEEA1540BEF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Russula pseudosenecis A. Ghosh, D. Chakr., K. Das & Buyck 2022	<div><p>Russula pseudosenecis A.Ghosh, D.Chakr., K.Das &amp; Buyck sp. nov.</p><p>MycoBank: MB842137</p><p>Figs 4B – 6</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Russula pseudosenecis sp. nov. differs mainly from R. senecis Imai by its mild taste, paler pileus colour, chalky white gills when young, strongly amyloid suprahilar spot on the basidiospores and its association with Shorea robusta C.F.Gaertn. from the tropical tree family Dipterocarpaceae Blume.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Referring to it being a look-alike of R. senecis, originally described from Japan.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype INDIA • West Bengal, Bankura district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.430275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.053055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.430275/lat 23.053055)">Joypur forest</a>; 23°03′11″ N, 87°25′49″ E; alt. 74 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 30 Aug. 2020; A. Ghosh AG 20-062; GenBank: OL461233 (ITS); CAL[1858].</p><p>Additional material</p><p>INDIA • West Bengal, Paschim Medinipur district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.350279" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.03333/lat 22.350279)">Chandra</a>; 22°21′01″ N, 87°02′00″ E; alt. 90 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 12 Aug. 2020; A. Ghosh AG 20-019; CAL[1895] • Jhargram district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.04417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.32889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.04417/lat 22.32889)">Tuluha</a>; 22°19′44″ N, 87°02′39″ E; alt. 80 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 11 Aug. 2021; A. G hosh AG 21-073; GenBank: OL461234 (ITS); CAL[1859] • Uttar Dinajpur, Kaliyaganj, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.33778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.582224" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.33778/lat 25.582224)">Dhamja forest</a>; 25°34′56″ N, 88°20′16″ E; alt. 80 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 10 Oct. 2021; D. Chakraborty, RGJ -20-04; CAL[1896] • Jharkhand, Rajmahal hills, Pakur district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.67922&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.61739" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.67922/lat 24.61739)">Hiranpur block</a>, Talpahari to Tugutola forest area; 24º37′02.6″ N, 87º40′45.2″ E; alt. 94 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 26 Aug. 2021; A. Ghosh AG 21-14 (JH); CAL[1897] • ibid., Sahibganj district, Borio block, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.65994&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.039917" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.65994/lat 25.039917)">Dhogada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.65994&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.039917" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.65994/lat 25.039917)">Paharia</a> burial ground forest; 25°02′23.7″ N, 87°39′35.8″ E; alt. 110 m a.s.l.; in tropical forest under Shorea robusta; 17 Sep. 2022; A. Ghosh AGJH-033; CAL [1898] .</p><p>Description</p><p>Pileus small to medium-sized, 15–55 mm in diameter, convex, planoconvex to applanate with depressed center; margin decurved to plane, entire, strongly tuberculate-striate; surface viscid and glutinous when moist, dull upon drying, quickly cracked, easily peeled off ⅓ rd to ½ th towards center with maturity, pale yellow, light yellow to grayish yellow (4A–B3–5) or yellowish brown, light brown to golden brown (5D–E5–8), centrally dark brown (6–7E6–8) with maturity or age. Pileus context up to 5 mm thick at the disc, compact, firm, chalky white (1–2A1), unchanging after bruising or on exposure. Lamellaeadnate to adnexed, close to crowded (12–15/cm at pileus margin), up to 4 mm thick, chalky white (1–2A1), entire, forked at the stipe apex, middle and near the margin, unchanging after bruising or on exposure; edges punctuated with brownish orange (6C5–7) or light brown (6D5–7), entire; lamellulae rare. Stipe 20–45 × 9–15 mm, firm, brittle, cylindrical to subclavate, centrally attached; surface dry, longitudinally striate, pale to light yellow (4A3–4) or grayish yellow (4B5–6) with light brown (6D5–7) to brown (6D6–7) tinges, unchanging when bruised or on exposure; turning salmon pink (6A4) and deep to dark turquoise (24E–F7–8) in FeSO 4 and guaiacol, respectively. Stipe context pale yellow to light yellow (5A3–5), chambered, unchanging when bruised or on exposure; turning salmon pink (6A4) and deep to dark turquoise (24E–F7–8) in FeSO 4 and guaiacol, respectively. Odor indistinctive. Taste mild. Spore print not observed.</p><p>Basidiospores globose to subglobose, (7.1–)7.5–7.8–8.3(–8.3) × (6.7–)7.0–7.4–7.8(–8.3) μm, Q = (1.02–)1.03–1.06–1.09(–1.13); ornamentation amyloid, composed of up to 2.2 μm high wings running over more or less long distances on the spore surface or even nearly encircling the spores, mixed with a dense, low network of short, laterally flattened, blunt ridges and warts forming an incomplete network, intermixed with crowded, isolated warts and large spines (up to 1.8 μm high), some partly connected; suprahilar spot strongly amyloid, uplifted and distinct; apiculi up to 2.5 μm long. Basidia (40–)46–50–54(–57) × (7–)9– 11–13(–14) μm, 4-spored, subclavate to clavate, tapered at the base; sterigmata up to 7 μm long. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides (50–)62.4–75.1–87.7(–100) × (6–)6.4–7.8–9.1(–11) μm, abundant, cylindrical to lanceolate with obtuse-rounded, mucronate to capitate or subcapitate, appendiculate to lageniform or moniliform apex, emergent up to 60 μm beyond the basidiole tips, few deeply embedded; content dense, finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning gray-black with sulfovanillin. Lamellae edges fertile with basidia and cystidia. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae edges (34–)37–46.5–56(–60) × 5–6–7(–8) μm, cylindrical to lanceolate with obtuse-rounded, subcapitate to appendiculate apex; content dense, finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning gray-black with sulfovanillin. Marginal cells not differentiated. Subhymenium layer up to 20 μm thick, pseudoparenchymatous. Hymenophoral trama composed mainly of large nests of sphaerocytes and few hyphal elements. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl Blue, sharply delimited from the underlying sphaerocytes of the context, 120–150 μm thick, two-layered; subpellis 60–75 μm deep, composed of more or less dense, horizontally oriented hyphae and dispersed pileocystidia that originate in the subpellis and not implanted on the top of the suprapellis; suprapellis pseudoparenchymatous, an ixo-palisade, 60–75 μm thick, mainly composed of ascending to erect, densely septate, hyphal terminations composed of inflated or cylindrical cells. Acidoresistant incrustations absent. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin thin-walled, composed of chains of 3–5 cells; terminal cells (9–)10–13.8–17.7(–26) × (4.5–)6–7.7–9.2(–11) μm, mainly clavate to subglobose, rarely cylindrical, with rounded apex; subterminal cells inflated or cylindrical. Hyphal terminations near the pileus center also thin walled, rarely branched at the subterminal cells; terminal cells slightly longer and less wide, measuring (9–)9.9–15.3–20.6(–25) × (3–)3.5–4.9–6.3(–7) μm, mainly cylindrical or clavate; subterminal cells mainly cylindrical or inflated. Pileocystidia originating from the subpellis only, not as terminal cells in the suprapellis, single-celled, long, flexuous, thin-walled, (50–)53–86.9–121(–150) × (2.5–)3–4.2–5.3(–6) μm, mainly cylindrical, apically mainly obtuse-rounded or mucronate; contents finely crystalline with refractive granular bodies, turning gray-black in sulfovanillin. Pileocystidia in the pileus center slightly shorter (41.6–)42.6–67.6–92.6(–132) × (2–)2.8–4.3–5.8(–5) μm, sometimes with lateral projections, apically obtuse-rounded, otherwise identical. Oleiferous hyphae present. Clamp connections absent from all tissues.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03947A67FF8CFFF59E93FEEA1540BEF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ghosh, Aniket;Buyck, Bart;Das, Kanad;Bera, Ishika;Chakraborty, Dyutiparna	Ghosh, Aniket, Buyck, Bart, Das, Kanad, Bera, Ishika, Chakraborty, Dyutiparna (2022): Two new Asian species of Russula sect. Ingratae with unique basidiospore features for subg. Heterophyllidiae. European Journal of Taxonomy 847: 104-120, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1985, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.847.1985
