identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03958782FFE7A244FF3EFC0FFC90AA67.text	03958782FFE7A244FF3EFC0FFC90AA67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) alebion (Gray 1853)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) alebion (Gray, [1853]) (Figure 3)</p><p>Papilio alebion Gray, [1853]; Cat. lepid. Ins. Coll. Br. Mus., 1: 30, pl. 13, f. 6; TL: ‘Northern China’ [probably S. of Shanghai, China].</p><p>Papilio Mariesii Butler, 1881; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (Ser. 5), 7: 33, t. 4, f. 4; TL: ‘Lu-Shan mountains, province of Kiukiang, China’ [Lu Shan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China].</p><p>Cosmodesmus hönei O. Bang-Haas, 1927; Horae Macrolepid., 1: 1. [nomen nudum, published in synonymy]</p><p>Cosmodesmus hoenei O. Bang-Haas, 1927; Horae Macrolepid., 1: 1. [nomen nudum, published in synonymy]</p><p>Diagnostic characters: Small in size, forewing length: male 31.0– 33.5 mm (mean = 32.1 ± 1.0 mm, n = 4), female 33.5–35.0 mm (mean = 34.1 ± 0.6 mm, n = 4). Both wings distinctively narrow and elongate, ground colour with a light ochreous hue. Forewing the 1 st, 2 nd, 8 th, 9 th black bands and the terminal (10 th) black band all reach tornal margin in both sexes; area between the 8 th and 9 th bands almost devoid of dark scales; the 7 th band not displaced inward in cell R 4; veins CuA 2 to M 2 stained with black distally. Hindwing discal band broadened towards costa; a whitish small patch at the base of tail in cell M 3; tornal yellow spots large and undivided on both sides.</p><p>Nomenclatorial note: The type specimen in BMNH was labelled as ‘Lectotype’ by Campbell Smith with the intention of designating it as such in a subsequent revision, similar to the type of Papilio glycerion Gray, 1831 (Hu et al. 2018). A literature search confirmed that this specimen has not actually been formally designated as the lectotype, and since Gray did not state the number of specimens when he described Papilio alebion the specimen must be treated as a syntype. Since there is no clear reason requiring lectotype designation in this case, we refrain from doing so in this publication.</p><p>Distribution: E. China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan).</p><p>Phenology: Univoltine in mid-March to early April.</p><p>Host plant: Lindera rubronervia (Lauraceae) is reported in Nanjing, Jiangsu (Zhang et al. 2018). Host plant usage in other parts of its distribution range needs further study.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figure 4): Five male genitalia in total were dissected, and the general characters were consistent. Highly sclerotized. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus rather reduced; socius acute and smooth, distance between the base of socii 0.48–0.52 mm (mean = 0.50 ± 0.01 mm, n = 5). Valve short, oval in general, mostly dark in colour except for the base (unique in subgenus Pazala); dorsal terminal harpe triangulate, edge serrate with the base widely separated apart; the medial harpe long and nearly straight, the dorsal projection almost flat, broader at the base and gradually narrowed into a pointed tip; no tooth in the middle of the medial harpe. Aedeagus shorter than the other species, almost straight. Juxta very small and narrow, highly sclerotized without hair, the base not directly associated with the base of valves.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figure 5): In total, three females were available for dissection, and the characters were consistent. Lamella postvaginalis very reduced; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally; ostial lobe heavily sclerotized, broad at the base and gradually narrowed into a blunt tip in lateral view, while the posterior margin smoothly wavy without any indentation or bifurcation in ventral view.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFE7A244FF3EFC0FFC90AA67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFE4A24BFF3EF9FDFAD0A954.text	03958782FFE4A24BFF3EF9FDFAD0A954.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) parus (de Niceville 1900)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) parus (Nicéville, 1900) (Figure 6)</p><p>Papilio parus Nicéville, 1900; J. Bomb. nat. Hist. Soc., 13 (1): 172, pl. EE, f. 21; TL: ‘Tse Kou, Western China’ [Yanmen (in the upper Lancang-Mekong valley), Deqen, N.W. Yunnan, China].</p><p>Cosmodesmus tamerlanus incertus O. Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid., 1: 1, pl. 5, f. 3; TL: ‘ China mer. occ.: Szetschwan, Tatsienlu, Tsekou, Siaolu’ [Kangding, Yanmen, and Washan, Sichuan, SW. China].</p><p>Cosmodesmus tamerlanus taliensis O. Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid., 1: 2, pl. 5, f. 4; TL: ‘ China mer. occ.: Jünnan, Tali’ [Dali, Yunnan, SW. China].</p><p>Pazala incerta Chou, 1994; Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium: 55, 176. [unjustified emendation]</p><p>Pazala eurous Leech; Lee, 1995; Yunnan Butterflies: 51 (f. 65, n. 4). [misidentification]</p><p>Pazala tamerlanus Oberthür; Lee, 1995; Yunnan Butterflies: 51 (f. 67, n. 2), 140. [misidentification]</p><p>Diagnostic characters: Larger than G. (P.) alebion, forewing length: male 33.5–40.5 mm (mean=37.6 ± 1.4 mm, n = 83), female 39.5–42.0 mm (mean = 40.5 ± 1.3 mm, n = 3). Both wings broader, ground colour dull creamy white with a slight greyish tinge; all black markings on both wings rather thick and prominent. Forewing the 1 st, 2 nd, 8 th, 9 th black bands and the terminal (10 th) black band all reach tornal margin in both sexes; area between the 8 th and 9 th bands distinctively filled by dark scales (the extent varies among individuals but without geographical association) in male, but not in the female (only indicated near the apex); the 7 th band not displaced inward in cell R 4; veins CuA 2 to M 2 stained with black distally. Hindwing discal band not broadened towards costa; no whitish small patch at the base of tail in cell M 3; tornal yellow spots much smaller and divided on both sides.</p><p>Distribution: China (W. and N.W. Yunnan, W. Sichuan, and S.E. Tibet: mostly in the upper Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze watersheds); Myanmar (N. Kachin State).</p><p>Host plants: Shao-Ji Hu observed females in ovipositing posture around bushes of Litsea chuii var. likiangensis (Lauraceae) in Yulong Xueshan, N.W. Yunnan, but no eggs were collected for rearing to confirm whether this Litsea is its host plant.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figure 7): In total, 20 male genitalia of specimens collected from Yunnan and Sichuan were dissected, and the general characters were consistent. Highly sclerotized. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus small but moderately sclerotized; socius toothed laterally, distance between the base of socii 0.58–0.70 mm (mean = 0.64 ± 0.05 mm, n = 20). Valve short, oval in general, dorsal terminal harpe long pear-shaped, edge serrate with the base separated; the medial harpe long and slightly curved, the dorsal projection bayonet-shaped with pointed or toothed tip; no tooth in the middle of the medial harpe. Aedeagus long, strongly curved ventrally. Juxta long, weakly sclerotized with hairy membrane on both sides.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figure 8): In total, two females were available for dissection, and the characters are consistent. Lamella postvaginalis small; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, covered with sclerotized wrinkles; ostial lobe much less sclerotized, sac-shaped with a blunt bifurcate tip in lateral view, the posterior margin curved with slight indentations in ventral view, and the ventral surface possesses a pair of small lobes in the median portion.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFE4A24BFF3EF9FDFAD0A954	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD.text	03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus (Oberthur 1876)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876) (Figure 9)</p><p>Papilio Tamerlanus Oberthür, 1876; Ét. Ent., 2: 13, pl. II, f. 1; TL: ‘Moupin’ [Baoxing, Sichuan, China].</p><p>Diagnostic characters: The largest of the three species, both wings broad, ground colour pale white; all black markings on both wings thinner. Forewing the 1 st, 2 nd, 8 th black bands all reach tornal margin in both sexes, while the 9 th black band tends to be reduced near the tornus, and the terminal (10 th) black band usually only reaches or just crosses vein CuA 2; dark scales between the 8 th and 9 th bands only indicated near the apex; the 7 th band not displaced inward in cell R 4; veins CuA 2 to M 2 only faintly stained with black distally. Hindwing discal band not broadened towards costa; no whitish small patch at the base of tail in cell M 3; tornal yellow spots much smaller and divided on both sides.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figure 10): In total, 10 male genitalia were dissected for the two known subspecies, namely ssp. tamerlanus and ssp. kansuensis, and the general characters were consistent. Highly sclerotized. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus small but moderately sclerotized; socius toothed laterally, distance between the base of socii 0.40–0.60 mm (mean = 0.49 ± 0.08 mm, n = 10). Valve short, oval in general, dorsal terminal harpe short, pear-shaped with both lower angles more acute, edge serrate with the base connected; the medial harpe long and slightly curved, the dorsal projection bayonet-shaped with pointed or toothed tip; no tooth in the middle of the medial harpe. Juxta weakly sclerotized with hairy membrane on both sides.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figure 11): In total, two females of ssp. tamerlanus and a female of ssp. kansuensis were available for dissection, and the overall characters were consistent. Lamella postvaginalis small; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, covered with sclerotized wrinkles; ostial lobe heavily sclerotized, broad at the base and gradually narrowed into a triangular tip in lateral view, the posterior margin smooth in ventral view in two females of ssp. tamerlanus, and only very shallowly indented into “W”-shape in the only female of ssp. kansuensis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFE8A24EFF3EF8BDFBB2AA03.text	03958782FFE8A24EFF3EF8BDFBB2AA03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus subsp. tamerlanus (Oberthur 1876) tamerlanus (Oberthur 1876	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876) (Figure 9, A–C)</p><p>Papilio Tamerlanus Oberthür, 1876; Ét. Ent., 2: 13, pl. II, f. 1; TL: ‘Moupin’ [Baoxing, Sichuan, China].</p><p>Pazala tamerlana Chou, 1994; Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium: 55, 174. [unjustified emendation, attributed to Oberthür]</p><p>Diagnostic characters: Forewing length: male 37.5–43.5 mm (mean = 40.4 ± 1.4 mm, n = 52), female 45.5 mm. Both wings rather broad, the 9 th black band of forewing mostly reaches vein 1A in males while reduced to vein CuA 2 in females, the subterminal double black bands more separated from each other.</p><p>Distribution: The northeastern margin of the Hengduan Mountains in W. China, mainly in the medium-high altitude areas west of the Sichuan Basin.</p><p>Phenology: Specimen records indicate the flight period lasts from April to July, with those collected in June and July distinctly larger. Whether this species is univoltine or bivoltine requires further investigation.</p><p>Host plant: Unknown. Probably a plant belonging to the family Lauraceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFE8A24EFF3EF8BDFBB2AA03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFEEA24FFF3EF913FBB2AD0E.text	03958782FFEEA24FFF3EF913FBB2AD0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus subsp. kansuensis (O. Bang-Haas 1933)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus kansuensis (O. Bang-Haas, 1933) (Figure 9, D–F)</p><p>Cosmodesmus tamerlanus kansuensis O. Bang-Haas, 1933; Ent. Zeit, 47(11): 90; TL: ‘ Kansu mer. or., Tsinglingschan, Peilingschan’ [Qinling, S.E. Gansu, China] .</p><p>Graphium mathias Wang, Chen &amp; Wang, 1990, Butt. Fauna Henan: 7, pl. 9, f. 12. [Nomen nudum, attributed to Oberthür]</p><p>Diagnostic characters: Smaller than the nominate subspecies, forewing length: male 33.5–39.0 mm (mean = 37.3 ± 1.6 mm, n = 17), female 39.0–40.0 mm (mean = 39.7 ± 0.6 mm, n = 3). Both wings narrower and slightly elongate, the 9 th black band of forewing reduced even before vein CuA 2 in both sexes, the subterminal double black bands obviously close to each other.</p><p>Distribution: Confined to the Qinling Mountains in S.E. Gansu, southern Shaanxi and western Henan prov- inces, China.</p><p>Phenology: Specimen records indicate the flight period mainly lasts from April to June, but also as late as August (syntypes). Whether this species is univoltine or bivoltine requires further investigation.</p><p>Host plant: Unknown. Probably a plant belonging to the family Lauraceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFEEA24FFF3EF913FBB2AD0E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFF0A250FF3EFAB0FBA3AB92.text	03958782FFF0A250FF3EFAB0FBA3AB92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) alebion (Gray 1853)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) alebion (Gray, [1853])</p><p>CHINA: 1♂ SYNTYPE, Shanghai, N. China, Fortune Coll. 52–28 / LECTOTYPE Papilio alebion G. R. Gray C. R. Smith det. 2003/BMNH(E) # 149382, [BMNH] ; 1♂ HOLOTYPE [of Papilio mariesii Butler, 1881], Kiukiang 80 · 25./ HOLOTYPE Papilio mariesi Butler C. R. Smith det. 2003/BMNH(E) # 149383, [BMNH] ; 1♂ China, Fukien. Kiukiang. / Coll.Moore. BM.1903—361./BMNH(E) # 147067, [BMNH] ; 1♂, Hewitson coll., 79.69, Papilio Alebion. /BMNH(E) # 147887, [BMNH] ; 1♂, Berg Pao-hwa, b. Lungtan, b. Nanking, China Juni / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1./BMNH(E) # 145650, [BMNH] ; 1♂, Berg Pao-hwa, b. Lungtan, b. Nanking, China Juni / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1./396./BMNH(E) # 145651, [BMNH] ; 1♂, China / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1./BMNH (E) # 220142, [BMNH] ; 1♀, Berg Paoschan, b. Nanking, China sept.or. April /50.29/671./ Levick Bequest 1941- 83 /BMNH(E) # 147067, [BMNH] ; 1♂, Hoengshan, Prov. Hunan, 3.4. 1933. Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, Hoengshan, Prov. Hunan, 4.4. 1933. Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♀, Hoengshan, Prov. Hunan, 7.4. 1933. Höne [ZFMK] ; 2♂♂, Lungtan bei Nanking, Prov. Kiangsu, 10.4. 1933. H. Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♀, Ost Tien-mu-shan, Prov. Chekiang, 18.4. 1931. Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, West Tien-mu-shan, Prov. Chekiang, 2.4. 1932. H. Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, West-Tien-Mu-Shan (400m), Provinz Chekiang (China), Mitte April 1936. H. Höne [ZFMK] ; 2♂♂, Baohua Shan, E. Nanjing, Jiangsu, 2006-IV- 26, J. Q. Wang leg. [JQW] ; 1♂, Baohua Shan, E. Nanjing, Jiangsu, 2007-III-22, local catcher leg. [AMC] ; 1♂, Bao- hua Shan (200 m), E. Nanjing, Jiangsu, 2012-IV-6, Zhu leg. [YFL] ; 1♀, Meiren’ao, Sijing Shan, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 2018-III-31, J. Q. Wang leg. [JQW] ; 1♀, South slope of Baohua Shan, Jurong, Jiangsu, 2018-III-31, J. Q. Wang leg. [SJH] ; 2♀♀, Heng Shan, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 2019-IV-7, J. Q. Wang leg. [JQW] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFF0A250FF3EFAB0FBA3AB92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFF1A251FF3EFF14FB43A97E.text	03958782FFF1A251FF3EFF14FB43A97E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) parus (de Niceville 1900)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) parus (de Nicéville, 1900)</p><p>CHINA: 1♂ HOLOTYPE, Tse Kou R. P. Dubernard 1895/ W. China /[handwritten] Papilio parus, de Nicéville. ♂. TYPE./23234 H9/TYPE [NZC]; 1♂, Thibet, Tsekou R.P.Dubernard / Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus. 1927—3/ BMNH(E) # 147535 [BMNH]; 1♂, Tsekou P.Dubernard 1903/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus. 1927—3/BMNH(E) # 147519 [BMNH]; 1♂, Tsékou 1900 R.P.J.Dubernard / Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus. 1927—3/BMNH (E) # 220147 [BMNH]; 1♂, China mer occ, Prov. Yünnan occ, Weihsi, Mekong Fluss, Juli 2500 m/ Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1./BMNH(E) # 145648 [BMNH]; 1♂, Ta-Chien-Lu, 8300 ft., Pratt coll, May &amp; June 1890 / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1./BMNH (E) # 220237 [BMNH]; 1♂, Tà-tsien-Loû, Chasseurs Indigènes 1893/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus. 1927—3/ Graphium (Pazala) t. tamerlanus Ob. ‘parus’ de N. form, det CR Smith 2003/BMNH(E) # 145968 [BMNH]; 1♂, Chasseurs Indigènes de Tà-tsien-loû. Récolte de 1910/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus. 1927—3/ BMNH(E) # 145740 [BMNH]; 1♂, Wa-ssu-Kow, 5000 ft., Native coll., July 1890 / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939- 1./BMNH (E) # 220146 [BMNH]; 1♂, Batang. (Tibet). Im Tal des Yangtze (ca. 2800m) 17.5. 1936 H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Batang (Tibet) Talsohle ca. 2800m 10.5. 1937 Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Li-kiang ca. 2000m Prov. Nord-Yuennan. 12.5. 1935. H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Li-kiang. (China). Provinz Nord-Yuennan. 14.5. 1935. H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Atun-tse (N. Yünnan) Talsohle ca. 3000m 27.5. 1937. H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Weihsi [ZFMK]; 1♀, A-tun-tse (N. Yün- nan) Talsohle ca. 3000m 23.5. 1936. H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♀, A-tun-tse (Nord-Yünnan) Talsohle ca. 3000m 27.5. 1937. H.Höne [ZFMK]; 1♂, Yunnan, Jonten [= Zhongdian] 2003-VI, Ng Y-M. leg. [TR]; 1♂, Tali, Haut Yunnan [TR]; 6♂♂, Wushi He, Hanyuan, Sichuan, 2005-VII-5-20, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 2♂♂, Kangding, Sichuan, 2006-VII, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Ya’an, Sichuan, 2006-VII, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 4♂♂, Ya’an, Sich- uan, 2007-IV, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 32♂♂, Ya’an, Sichuan, 2008-IV, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Luzhou, Sichuan, 2008-VII, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Dulongjiang, Gongshan, Yunnan, 2009-V-20, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Lushan, Sichuan, 2008-IV, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 10♂♂, Lushan, Ya’an, Sichuan, 2012-IV, local catcher leg. [SJH]; 1♂, Xinshang (2,640 m), Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, Yunnan, 2015-IV-26, J. Zhao leg. [SJH]; 2♂♂, Pantiange (2,800 m), Weixi, Yunnan, 2015-IV-29, S. J. Hu leg. [SJH]; 1♂, Tacheng (1,900 m), Weixi, Yunnan, 2015-IV-29, S. J. Hu leg. [SJH]; 1♀, Lushan, Sichuan, 2015-VII-15, local catcher leg. [HHZ]; 9♂♂, Shimian (2,400 m), Sichuan, 2017-IV-20–30, C. J. Dai leg. [JQW]; 2♂♂, Hanyuan (1,700 m), Sichuan, 2017-V-5, J. Q. Wang leg. [JQW]; 1♀, Sanchahe (3,000 m), Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, Yunnan, 2018-V-26, S. J. Hu leg. [SJH]; 1♀, Ganhaizi (3,300 m), Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, Yunnan, 2018-VI-21, S. J. Hu leg. [SJH]; 11♂♂, Sanchahe (3,000 m), Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, Yunnan, 2019-IV-26–27, S. J. Hu &amp; Z. B. Xu leg. [SJH]; 1♂, Nixi (3,000 m), Zhongdian, Yunnan, 2019-VI, Y. Yang leg. [SJH].</p><p>MYANMAR: 1♂, N. Burma: Adung Valley. 8,000 ft. 12-V-1931 Lord Cranbrook. B.M.1932-196/ Graphium (Pazala) t. tamerlanus Ob. ‘parus’ de N. form, det CR Smith 2003/BMNH(E) # 146767, [BMNH].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFF1A251FF3EFF14FB43A97E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFF1A256FF3EFAECFEE0AC9A.text	03958782FFF1A256FF3EFAECFEE0AC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus subsp. tamerlanus (Oberthur 1876) tamerlanus (Oberthur 1876	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876)</p><p>CHINA: 1♂ SYNTYPE, Chine R. P. Armand David Moupin/[handwritten] Papilio tamerlanus Obr type. pris à Moupin par l’abbé Armand David. (Etud. entomol. Ob.2 no1)/Typicum Specimen/Levick Bequest 1941-83 / SYN- TYPE Papilio Tamerlanus Oberthür C.R. Smith det. 2003/BMNH(E) # 149380, [BMNH]; 1♂ SYNTYPE, Chine R. P. Armand David/ExTypicalibus Speciminibus/Levick Bequest 1941-83 / SYNTYPE Papilio Tamerlanus Oberthür C.R. Smith det. 2003/BMNH(E) # 146993, [BMNH]; 1♂, Mou-Pin 1898 Chasseurs indigènes 1893/Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit.Mus.1927—3/BMNH (E) # 220144 [BMNH]; 1♀, Wa-Shan, 6000 ft. A. E. Pratt coll. June 1889./Leech Coll. 1901—173. Papilio tamerlanus .g./BMNH (E) # 220236 [BMNH]; 1♂, Emei Shan, Sichuan, 1997-VII-15, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 4♂♂, Qilaishan [= Qionglai Shan], Sichuan, 2000-IV, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 4♂♂, Baoxing, Sichuan, 2001-V-5, E. T. Ye leg. [SJH]; 1♂, Daba Shan, Sichuan, 2003-VII, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Rou Bi Gou, Baoxing, Sichuan, 2005-IV-23, Ming Yue leg. [AMC]; 2♂♂, ditto, 2005-V-15–16, Ming Yue leg. [AMC]; 2♂♂, ditto, 2006-V-18–19, Ming Yue leg. [AMC]; 1♂, ditto, 2006-VI-16, Ming Yue leg. [AMC]; 4♂♂, 1♀, Lushan, Sichuan, 2005-VI, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 21♂♂, ditto, 2006-IV-15–20, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 9♂♂, Wushi He, Hanyuan, Sichuan, 2005-VII-5–20, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Baoxing, Sichuan, 2010-VI- 15, local catcher leg. [HHZ]; 1♀, Laohegou (1,610 m), Pingwu, Sichuan, 2013-IV-11–20, C. Fan et al. leg. [PKU]; 4♂♂, Laohegou (1,690 –2,010 m), Pingwu, Sichuan, 2013-V-1–10, C. Fan et al. leg. [PKU]; 1♀, Laohegou (1,600 m), Pingwu, Sichuan, 2013-VI-1–10, C. Fan et al. leg. [PKU]; 1♂, Lushan, Sichuan, 2015-VI-20, local catcher leg. [HHZ]; 1♂, ditto, 2015-VII-15, local catcher leg. [HHZ]; 1♂, Shimian (2,400 m), Sichuan, 2017-IV-20–30, C. J. Dai leg. [JQW].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFF1A256FF3EFAECFEE0AC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
03958782FFF6A256FF3EFE88FACDAFCE.text	03958782FFF6A256FF3EFE88FACDAFCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus subsp. kansuensis (O. Bang-Haas 1933)	<div><p>Graphium (Pazala) tamerlanus kansuensis (O. Bang-Haas, 1933)</p><p>CHINA: 1♂ SYNTYPE, Liojang Prov. Kansu Tsin-ling-schan montes occ. August 1000 m./ Type O. B. - Haas [MNHU] ; 1♂ SYNTYPE, Kansu mer. Peiling shan Taupingfluss 3200 m. Juni / Type O. B. - Haas /[handwritten] P Cosmod tamerlanus v Kansuensis O.B.H. [MNHU] ; 1♂, Tapaishan im Tsinling Sued-Shensi.Ca. 1700m. 11.5. 1936. H.Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, Tapaishan im Tsinling Sued-Shensi.Ca. 1700m. 17.5. 1936. H.Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, Tapais- han im Tsinling Sued-Shensi.Ca. 1700m. 22.5. 1936. H.Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♀, Tapaishan im Tsinling Sued-Shensi. Ca. 1700m. 17.5. 1936. H.Höne [ZFMK] ; 1♂, Kansu mer., Lihsien, Tauping Fluss, 2800 m., Juni /[handwritten] ale- bion subspecies/64. [HSC] ; 1♀, Shibianyu, Chang’an, Shaanxi, 1999-V-2, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Fenghuang Shan, Hanyin, Shaanxi, 2000-V-1, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♀, Qinling Station, Fengxian, Shaanxi, 2001-V-6, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 3♂♂, Xiaonanhai, Nanzheng, Shaanxi, 2002-IV-20, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Xunyang Ba (1,500 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2010-V-23, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Dayu (1,900 m), Chang’an, Shaanxi, 2010-V-29, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Xunyang Ba (1,600 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2011-V-24, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Huangguan, Ning- shan, Shaanxi, 2012-V-21, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 1♂, Xiaohanhai (1,500 m), Nanzheng, Shaanxi, 2012-VI-9, Y. F. Li leg. [YFL] ; 3♂♂, Shangba He (1,200 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2013-IV-12, W. W. Mao leg. [WWM &amp; SJH] ; 2♂♂, Xunyang Ba (1,300 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2013-IV-16, W. W. Mao leg. [WWM &amp; SJH] ; 1♂, Shangba He (1,300 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2013-IV-20, Y. F. Li leg. [HHZ] ; 1♂, Yindong Xia (1,000 m), Baoji, Shaanxi, 2015-IV-22, W. W. Mao leg. [SJH] ; 1♂, 1♀, Yuehe Ping (1,500 m), Ningshan, Shaanxi, 2015-V-23, W. W. Mao leg. [SJH] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFF6A256FF3EFE88FACDAFCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Hui-Hong;Cotton, Adam M.;Condamine, Fabien L.;Wang, Rong-Jiang;Hsu, Yu-Feng;Duan, Kuang;Zhang, Xin;Hu, Shao-Ji	Zhang, Hui-Hong, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Duan, Kuang, Zhang, Xin, Hu, Shao-Ji (2020): Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Zootaxa 4759 (1): 77-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5
