identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039587FEFF83FF98AF068561FD7CFE98.text	039587FEFF83FF98AF068561FD7CFE98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratetrapedia nordestina Aguiar & Viana & Melo 2021	<div><p>Paratetrapedia nordestina sp. nov. Aguiar and Melo urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3BFAFF51-14CB-4F4E-BA62-AB78D1412FAD (Figs. 1 and 2)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Paratetrapedia nordestina sp. nov. belongs in the lineata species group and exhibits all diagnostic characters of this group (see below and Aguiar and Melo, 2011: 387). It differs from the remaining species of the group by the wing membrane blackish infumate, the integument mostly reddish orange, mesoscutum reddish orange with thin paleyellow stripes on disc; frons, vertex and upper paraocular area brownish black; pubescence on hind tibia and basitarsus mostly black; terga mostly reddish brown with a thin pale orange margin.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Paratetrapedia nordestina sp. nov. is a member of the lineata species group in Paratetrapedia . This species group has now six species and it is easily recognized by the convex supraclypeal area, the fine long hairs on lower margin of mandibles of males, pronotal collar of females with an obtuse lamella, S2 of males with a small tuft of long hairs on mid portion and hind basitarsus of males with a small acute spine on anterior margin, among other characters that support the monophyly of the group in the phylogenetic study of the genus (Aguiar and Melo, 2011).</p><p>The specimens of Paratetrapedia nordestina sp. nov. collected in the RPPN Serra das Almas, at the border between Ceará and Piauí, were flying together with workers of the stingless bee Camargoia nordestina Camargo foraging on the same plants. Camargoia nordestina (Fig. 3) has the same size and color pattern of P. nordestina sp. nov. Their color patterns agree in many in details, like the blackish wings, the blackish frons and legs, and the reddish orange metasoma with pale orange stripes on margins, suggesting that these species pertain to a mimetic complex.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name refers to the region where this species occurs and also to its mimetic partner Camargoia nordestina .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype male. Body length: 9.5; wing length: 7.0; maximum head width: 2.65; intertegular distance: 1.85. Color. Integument mostly reddish to yellowish orange, except for: mandibles, gena and labrum pale white; clypeus and supraclypeal area yellowish orange; scape pale orange; pedicel and F1-F11 reddish brown; frons disc with a very narrow reddish yellow line; frons and vertex blackish; hind tibia and basitarsus dark reddish brown, almost black; paraocular area with a wide pale yellow mark occupying almost two-thirds of its length. Pronotum, mesepisternum, scutellum, metanotum, propodeum and metapostnotum yellowish orange; mesoscutum disc reddish, with narrow yellowish orange stripes on disc and lateral margins, bordering most of the lateral thirds. Metasoma mostly yellowish orange with faint brown stripes on tergal margins. Wing veins black, membrane darkly infumate and with dense cover of black microtrichiae. Pubescence. Pubescence pale yellow to blackish. Lower margin of mandibles, gena, ventral mesepisternum, fore and mid trochanter, and proximal portion of fore tibia with very long and thin setae, ca. 1.5x mandible maximum width. Labrum, clypeus, lower paraocular area and frons with inconspicuous pubescence, with scattered short simple erect setae; upper paraocular area, antennal scrobe, vertex and upper gena with dense short plumose pubescence. On mesoscutum and scutellum composed only by dense velvet plumose pale orange pubescence; posterolateral portions of scutellum with two to three long simple erect setae, and a very small inconspicuous tuft of plumose setae; axilla of scutellum with numerous long pale yellow simple setae; metapostnotum with numerous short plumose pale yellow setae; T1-T4 with a very short marginal band of plumose hairs on posterior lateral margins; T5 and T6 with a complete marginal band of dense plumose hairs on margin; T7 with apex completely covered by dense plumose pubescence. S2 with a small, isolated tuft of long simple setae on mid portion, and longer fringes on lateral thirds; S3 with a deep concave area covered by short plumose hairs; S4 with a dense fringe of long plumose hairs composing convergent bands on lateral portions; S5 and S6 with only a small tuft of plumose hairs on posterolateral borders; hind tibia and hind basitarsus with dense plumose blackish hairs. Sculpture. Clypeus and supraclypeal area with dense and deeply concave coarse punctures, ca. &lt;0.5–1 pd; supraclypeal area strongly convex; frons with dense coarse punctures, ca. 2–5 pd; mesoscutum with dense fine minute punctures, almost contiguous; mesepisternum with numerous coarse punctures, ca. 0.5–1 pd; metapostnotum with numerous fine punctures, ca. 1 pd. Structure and measurements. Head approximately 1.2x wider than long (2.65:2.1); compound eyes ca. 2.5x longer than wide (1.8:0.6), inner orbits strongly convergent below (upper distance 1.5, lower distance 1.15); clypeus 1.8x wider than long (1.0: 0.6); lower third of frontal line thinly carinated; frons strongly convex, and antennal scrobe and upper paraocular area concave; scape length: 0.7, maximum width, 0.24; length of the first three flagellomeres 0.2, 0.15, 0.22, respectively; gena in lateral view 0.5x as wide as eye width (0.3; 0.6); scutellum disc slightly convex, mostly flat; hind wing with 11 hamuli; mid tibial spur finely serrate, 0.5x as long as basitarsus; T2 maximum width ca. 0.5x metasoma length. Hind basitarsus with a small acute spine on inner surface of proximal third.</p><p>Female (paratype DZUP 027626)</p><p>Body length: 8.0; wing length: 7.5; maximum head width: 2.75; intertegular distance: 1.9. Color. Similar to male, labrum, mandibles and gena slightly pale orange; T1 disc pale orange, lower third of vertical surface and distal third reddish orange; T2-T6 disc pale yellow, and marginal area reddish orange. Pubescence. Similar to male, except for clypeus with very short simple hairs, inconspicuous (ca.0.4x F2 diameter); lower third of gena with long straight simple setae, ca. 2x F2 diameter; mesoscutum with velvet pubescence intermingled by sparse very short erect simple setae; posterolateral portion of scutellum with only one long simple erect setae; posterolateral margins of scutellum with short tufts of plumose hairs, shorter than F2 diameter; metapostnotum with very short pubescence, very inconspicuous; T5 with marginal band of short appressed simple hairs complete throughout the margin. Sculpture. Similar to male, clypeus and supraclypeal area with dense coarse punctures, almost contiguous; antennal scrobe and lateral portions of frons with fine minute punctures (ca. 0.2 pd); frons disc with dense coarse punctures (ca. 0.3 pd); mesoscutum and scutellum with dense fine minute punctures, almost contiguous, intermingled by very sparse minute punctures; metapostnotum with fine minute punctures ca. 1-2 pd, lateral margins mostly smooth; mesepisternum with numerous coarse punctures, ca. 1 pd. Structure and measurements. Head approximately 1.2x wider than long (2.8:2.25); compound eyes ca. 2.5x longer than wide (1.87:0.52), inner orbits strongly convergent below (upper distance 1.5, lower distance 1.3); clypeus 1.8x wider than long (1.25:0.55); lower third of frontal line thinly sulcate; frons strongly convex, and antennal scrobe and upper paraocular area concave; scape length: 1.25, maximum width, 0.2; length of the first three flagellomeres 0.25, 0.10, 0.15, respectively; gena in lateral view 0.5x as wide as eye width (0.4; 0.7); scutellum disc slightly bilobate, mostly flat; hind wing with 9 hamuli; mid tibial spur finely serrate, 0.5x as long as basitarsus; T2 maximum width ca. 0.8x metasoma length (4.35; 4.0).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype male (DZUP), “DZUP\ 027627” “ Brasil, Ceará, Crateús,\ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.9162&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.1417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.9162/lat -5.1417)">Serra das Almas</a> \ 05.1417º S 40.9162º W,\ 626m, 23.v.2014,\ G. Melo &amp; B. Rosa ”; paratypes: 2 females (DUZP), same data of holotype except “DZUP\ 027628” and “DZUP\ 027626”; 1 male (UFMG), “Cristiano Castro PI\ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.9162&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.1417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.9162/lat -5.1417)">S das Confusões</a> \ Brasil 01.04.2007 \ C. Schlindwein leg.” “33949 UFPE” “L189\ Malpighiaceae ” .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is only recorded for the states of Ceará and Piauí, in the semi-deciduous forests.</p><p>Conservation status and threats</p><p>Despite being known from only two locality records, which places the new species in a condition as data deficient (DD), it is associated with the semideciduous forests of northeastern Brazil. These forest formations currently suffer high rates of conversion to coal, pasture and other agricultural areas, making us to believe that the new species is highly threatened on sites outside the conservation areas.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587FEFF83FF98AF068561FD7CFE98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguiar, Antonio J. C.;Viana, Matheus Cavalcante;Melo, Gabriel A. R.	Aguiar, Antonio J. C., Viana, Matheus Cavalcante, Melo, Gabriel A. R. (2021): A new species of the bee genus Paratetrapedia from northeastern Brazil mimic of the stingless bee Camargoia nordestina (Apidae, Tapinotaspidini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20200102) 65 (1): 1-7, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2020-0102, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0102
039587FEFF86FF98ACB080EBFA24FF26.text	039587FEFF86FF98ACB080EBFA24FF26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratetrapedia	<div><p>Key to the lineata species group in Paratetrapedia (for both males and females; modified from Aguiar and Melo, 2011)</p><p>1. Integument mostly dark brown or black.............................................. 2</p><p>— Integument mostly yellow to reddish orange...................................... 3</p><p>2. Clypeus dark brown with yellow stripe usually occupying entire lower margin; supraclypeal area dark brown or black, in some specimens with small yellow spot on disc; scape completely reddish brown, in some specimens with one yellow spot on lower portion; tarsomeres dark brown or weakly reddish brown; wing membrane pale brown infumate; metapostnotum with dense fine punctures (1 pd); lamella of pronotal collar acute (Brazil: Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo; Paraguai).......................................................................... P. fervida (Smith)</p><p>— Clypeus and supraclypeal area completely yellow; scape mostly yellow; tarsomeres yellow; wing membrane dark brown infumate; metapostnotum with sparse fine punctures (2 pd); lamella of pronotal collar weakly obtuse on lateral portions (Mexico)..................................................... P. mexicana Aguiar and Melo</p><p>3. Wing membrane blackish infumate; integument bicolor, mostly reddish orange, metasoma mostly reddish orange, with very faint and narrow blackish-brown stripes on tergal margins (semi-deciduous forests of northeastern Brazil) …............................................... ............................................................ Paratetrapedia nordestina sp. nov.</p><p>— Wing membrane mostly hyaline or pale white, in some species only the distal margin blackish; integument bicolor, pale orange and reddish brown, metasoma pale orange with conspicuous reddish brown to black stripes on disc of terga …...................................4</p><p>4. Wing membrane yellow infumate; mesoscutum black with thin yellow stripes on disc, and usually very wide orange yellow stripes on lateral margins, occupying most of lateral portions, similar to P. duckei; terga completely orange yellow (Brazil: central Amazonas) ....................................... P. alsinai Aguiar and Melo</p><p>— Wing membrane mostly hyaline, weakly milky white; mesoscutum mostly black, with thin yellow stripes on disc and lateral margins; terga with marginal zone completely dark brown.................. 5</p><p>5. Metanotum yellow laterally. Metapostnotum with fine punctures, surface between punctures smooth and shiny. Mesepisternum yellow laterally; metapostnotum and propodeum completely yellow; hind basitarsus with one long acute tooth on anterior margin; epistomal suture straight above upper margin of clypeus (Brazil: Goiás, Maranhão, Piauí, Tocantins) ............................................ ............................................................... P. tocantinensis Aguiar and Melo</p><p>— Metanotum reddish brown laterally. Metapostnotum with dense fine punctures, surface between punctures dull, with microsculpture of dense fine sulci; mesepisternum laterally mostly reddish brown, usually with one yellow spot on omaulus; metapostnotum reddish brown with one yellow spot on disc; propodeum completely reddish brown, some specimens with large yellow spots on anterior margin; hind basitarsus with one short acute tooth on anterior margin; epistomal suture strongly curved above upper margin of clypeus (Bolivia; Brazil: Acre, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia; Peru) ................................. P. lineata (Spinola)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587FEFF86FF98ACB080EBFA24FF26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguiar, Antonio J. C.;Viana, Matheus Cavalcante;Melo, Gabriel A. R.	Aguiar, Antonio J. C., Viana, Matheus Cavalcante, Melo, Gabriel A. R. (2021): A new species of the bee genus Paratetrapedia from northeastern Brazil mimic of the stingless bee Camargoia nordestina (Apidae, Tapinotaspidini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20200102) 65 (1): 1-7, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2020-0102, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0102
