identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0393878FFF91FFBCFF5F7717DD4FF90C.text	0393878FFF91FFBCFF5F7717DD4FF90C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laboulbenia dichroma W. Rossi, J. A. Torres et Bernardi 2015	<div><p>Laboulbenia dichroma W. Rossi, J.A. Torres et Bernardi sp. nov. Fig. 1B</p> <p>MycoBank MB 814452</p> <p>Etymology: —From Greek = bicolored.</p> <p>Original description: —Perithecium chestnut brown; the rest of the thallus is tinged with very pale brown, gradually darker from below upwards; distal portion of the appendages hyaline. Basal cell relatively small, up to twice as long as maximum width and tapered in the lower portion. Suprabasal cell distinctly longer than the former, with sub-parallel lateral margins, separated from cell III by a short, slightly oblique septum, and from cell VI by a longer and more oblique septum. Cell III relatively small, subtrapezoidal, slightly longer than broad. Cell IV about as broad as cell III and distinctly broader than long. Cell V very small and lens-like. Insertion cell oblique, not joined to the perithecium and positioned at the base of the latter. Basal cell of the outer appendage slightly longer than broad, giving rise to a simple branch exceeding in height the perithecial apex, consisting of gradually longer and slenderer cells. The basal cell of the inner appendage gives rise to two divergent branches similar to the one of the outer appendage, each bearing a single, small antheridium on the upper, inner angle of the second cell of the series. Cell VI longer and more slender than cell III. Perithecium wholly free from the receptacle, regularly elliptical, the tip subconical, the lips hyaline and rounded, of which one is taller and subtended by a small, darker area. Length from foot to the perithecial apex 210–230 μm. Perithecium 33–37 × 90–100 μm. Longest appendage 225 μm.</p> <p>Type: — ECUADOR. Orellana: P. N. Yasuní, Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, 220–250 m, by fogging in tropical rain forest, 02 February 2002, Terry Erwin &amp; al., on the elytra of Geraeus sp. (Conoderinae, Barididae, Madarini) (FI3910!). Seven mature and 2 immature thalli have been examined.</p> <p>Comments: —Although lacking peculiar characteristics, Laboulbenia dichroma does not seem closely allied to any described species. It has a free perithecium as L. curculionidicola, which however, among other differences, is a larger species with a relatively much smaller and more inflated perithecium (Sugiyama &amp; Majewski 1987). The new species might be compared, in the absence of other candidates, with L. dryptae Thaxt., parasitic on an African ground beetle, which also has the appendages consisting of three branches and a free perithecium distinctly darker than the rest of the thallus, but the latter parasite has a stocky receptacle with a blackish tinge on the ventral side of the same (Thaxter 1908, plate LIV, fig. 19).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393878FFF91FFBCFF5F7717DD4FF90C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rossi, Walter;Torres, Juan A.;Bernardi, Matteo	Rossi, Walter, Torres, Juan A., Bernardi, Matteo (2015): New Laboulbeniales parasitic on weevils from the Amazon rainforest. Phytotaxa 231 (2): 187-192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8
0393878FFF91FFBEFF5F7324DB66FE0A.text	0393878FFF91FFBEFF5F7324DB66FE0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laboulbenia elephantina W. Rossi, J. A. Torres et Bernardi 2015	<div><p>Laboulbenia elephantina W. Rossi, J.A. Torres et Bernardi sp. nov. Fig. 1A</p> <p>MycoBank MB 814453</p> <p>Etymology: —From Latin elephas = elephant, because of the appendages remembering (with some imagination) the proboscis and the tusks of an elephant.</p> <p>Original description: —Basal of the receptacle and appendages hyaline; perithecial venter smoky brown, contrasting with the rest of the fungus that is tinged with pale gray. Basal and suprabasal cells long and slender, the former distinctly shorter than the latter. Cells III and IV subequal, slightly longer than broad. Cell V triangular, very small. Insertion cell free from the perithecium, distinctly narrower than the upper margin of cells IV and V. Outer appendage long, falcate, consisting of elongated cells almost equal in length but gradually narrower from below upwards. Inner appendage consisting of a small basal cell which gives rise to two horizontally divergent branchlets distally curved or even hooked. Perithecial venter regularly ovoid, abruptly distinguished by well marked hunches from the strongly tapering tip and unequal lips, the inner of which is distinctly larger, taller, and subtended by a well defined blackish area. Length from foot to the perithecial apex 165–255 μm. Perithecium 23–40 × 63–75 μm. Longest appendage 180 μm. Ascospores about 40 μm.</p> <p>Type: — ECUADOR. Orellana: P. N. Yasuní, Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, 220–250 m, by fogging in tropical rain forest, 01 February 2001, Terry Erwin &amp; al., all over the body of a male specimen of Udeus sp. (Curculioninae, Eugnomini), (holotype FI3875! isotypes QCNE3875b! &amp; FI3875c!). A total of 78 mature and 32 immature thalli were examined.</p> <p>Comments: —Although the species of Laboulbenia with a simple outer appendage and a bifurcate inner appendage are quite a few, none of the described species can be confused with L. elephantina, mostly because of the shape and arrangement of these appendages. As to the species parasitic on weevils bearing appendages with a similar structure, L. elephantina differs from all of them for the perithecium pear-shaped and free for less than half of its length (in L. curculionidicola and L. dichroma the perithecium is entirely free from the receptacle, while in L. inconspicua the perithecium is oblong and joined to the perithecium for less than half of its length).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393878FFF91FFBEFF5F7324DB66FE0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rossi, Walter;Torres, Juan A.;Bernardi, Matteo	Rossi, Walter, Torres, Juan A., Bernardi, Matteo (2015): New Laboulbeniales parasitic on weevils from the Amazon rainforest. Phytotaxa 231 (2): 187-192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8
0393878FFF93FFBEFF5F7629DAEBF88E.text	0393878FFF93FFBEFF5F7629DAEBF88E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laboulbenia inopinata W. Rossi, J. A. Torres et Bernardi 2015	<div><p>Laboulbenia inopinata W. Rossi, J.A. Torres et Bernardi sp. nov. Fig. 1D</p> <p>MycoBank MB 814454</p> <p>Etymology: —From Latin = unexpected; remarking that the presence of four new Laboulbeniales on weevils was totally unexpected.</p> <p>Original description: —Basal and suprabasal cells of the receptacle yellowish; the rest of the thallus is grayish brown, with the perithecial tip distinctly paler. Basal cell of the receptacle elongate, very slightly tapering downwards, almost twice longer than the suprabasal, from which it is separated by a distinctly oblique septum and further distinguished by a marked constriction. Cells III, IV and V replaced by a single subconical cell about trice longer than its maximum width, separated from the cell below by a very oblique septum. Insertion cell blackish, small and oblique. Appendage consisting of a flattened cell bearing on the inner side two divergent, elongate and relatively large antheridia, and externally a third antheridium subtended by a subquadrate cell. Stalk-cell of the perithecium small and almost isodiametric. Perithecium at lest two thirds free above the insertion of the appendage, broadly elliptical, the transverse limits of the wall-cells indicated externally by pronounced elevations, the tip rather abruptly distinguished, distinctly bent inwards, tapering to a almost rounded and slightly enlarged apex subtended by a blackish shade. Total length 275–440 μm. Perithecium 55–62 × 163–195 μm. Ascospores about 62 μm.</p> <p>Type: — ECUADOR. Orellana: P. N. Yasuní, Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, 220–250 m, by fogging in tropical rain forest, 31 January 2002, Terry Erwin &amp; al., at the apex of the abdomen of a specimen of Lechriops sp. (Conoderinae, Lechriopini), slide no. 3911a (FI). (holotype FI3911a! isotypes QCNE3911b! &amp; FI3911c!).</p> <p>Additional specimens examined: — Same data as the type, 01 February 2001, on the tip of the elytra of Macrocopturus sp. (Conoderinae, Zygopini) (FI3864!); same data as the type, 02 February 2002, on the hind right femur of Macrocopturus sp. (different from the previous) (FI3912!); Zamora Chinchipe: Estación Cientifica San Francisco, about 1900 m, 3°58’17.19”S, 79°04’44.06”W, 10–14 August 2014, M. Bernardi, W. Rossi &amp; J. Torres, on the hind right femur of Lechriops sp. (different from the host of the holotype) (FI3923!). A total of one immature and 23 mature thalli were examined.</p> <p>Comments:— Laboulbenia inopinata is very different from all the other species parasitic on Curculionidae in having a single undivided cell replacing cells III, IV and V, and also by having appendages lacking sterile branches. These characteristics are only found in a small group of species parasitic on Chrysomelidae, among which it is more similar to L. chaetochnemae (Thaxt.) Thaxt. than to any other. The new species differs from the latter for the perithecium free on the dorsal side for at least 2/3 of its length and with the ventral margin of the same distinctly “wavy”; in L. chaetochnemae the perithecium is free for only one half of its length and its ventral margin is regularly convex. Moreover, in L. inopinata the perithecial tip is more or less bent dorsally and cell III+IV+V is tapered, while the perithecial tip is erect or slightly bent ventrally and cell III+IV+V is cylindrical in L. chaetochnemae (Thaxter 1914; Rossi 1994: 15, fig.8). The presence on Curculionidae of a species of Laboulbenia displaying the characteristics of parasites usually found on Chrysomelidae is likely due to the phenomenon recently described in the Laboulbeniales as “host switch” (Rossi 2011).</p> <p>Among the four species described in the present paper L. inopinata is the only one collected both in the tropical rainforest (Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini) and in the mountain cloud forest (Estación Cientifica San Francisco).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393878FFF93FFBEFF5F7629DAEBF88E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rossi, Walter;Torres, Juan A.;Bernardi, Matteo	Rossi, Walter, Torres, Juan A., Bernardi, Matteo (2015): New Laboulbeniales parasitic on weevils from the Amazon rainforest. Phytotaxa 231 (2): 187-192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8
0393878FFF94FFB9FF5F749DDEFCFBEE.text	0393878FFF94FFB9FF5F749DDEFCFBEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laboulbenia microcarpa W. Rossi, J. A. Torres et Bernardi 2015	<div><p>Laboulbenia microcarpa W. Rossi, J.A. Torres et Bernardi sp. nov. Fig. 1C</p> <p>MycoBank MB 814455</p> <p>Etymology: —From Greek mikros = small and karpos = fruit, because of the small perithecium.</p> <p>Original description: —Thallus grayish brown, with darker perithecial venter and outer margins of cells III and IV. Basal cell of the receptacle about twice as long as its maximum length, not strongly tapered towards the foot. Suprabasal cell of about the same length, but wider. Cells III and IV subequal, broadly isodiametric. Cell V triangular, very small. Insertion cell black, thick, slightly narrower than the upper side of cells IV and V. Outer appendage simple, erect, elongate, consisting of a linear series of cells that are gradually longer, paler and more slender from below upwards. In young thalli the inner appendage consists of a very small cell that gives rise to two elongate cells each bearing apically a grayish antheridium; in mature thalli the antheridia are displaced laterally by the development of short, straight and divergent branchlets. Cell VI small, slightly longer than broad. Perithecium relatively small, oblong, united to the receptacle for one fourth of its length, the outer margins very slightly convex, the tip rather abruptly distinguished, distinctly bent outwards, blackish, except the subhyaline, large, rounded lips. Length from foot to the perithecial apex 125–180 μm. Length from foot to tip of longest appendage 275 μm. Perithecium 20–27 × 55–75 μm.</p> <p>Type: — ECUADOR. Orellana: P. N. Yasuní, Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, 220–250 m, by fogging in tropical rain forest, 01 October 1999, Terry Erwin &amp; al., on the elytra and the pronotum of a female specimen of an undescribed species of Sicoderus (Curculioninae, Erodiscini) (FI3874!).</p> <p>Additional specimens examined: —Same data as the holotype, 01 February 2001, on the elytra of Lancearius esau (Chevrolat) (Eurodiscini) (FI3907!). Total of 25 mature and 38 immature thalli have been examined.</p> <p>Comments:— Laboulbenia microcarpa is characterized by the very small perithecium, which is only slightly longer than the ascospores (Fig. 1C). At first sight it remembers L. vulgaris Peyritsch; however the latter has a larger perithecium, a larger cell V, and a smaller basal cell of the inner appendage, which is also rarely bifurcate and bears more numerous antheridia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393878FFF94FFB9FF5F749DDEFCFBEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Rossi, Walter;Torres, Juan A.;Bernardi, Matteo	Rossi, Walter, Torres, Juan A., Bernardi, Matteo (2015): New Laboulbeniales parasitic on weevils from the Amazon rainforest. Phytotaxa 231 (2): 187-192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.231.2.8
