identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039387B74546FFAA2CB5FB4B68D9FEC1.text	039387B74546FFAA2CB5FB4B68D9FEC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cebrenninus Simon 1887	<div><p>Cebrenninus Simon, 1887 (New to China)</p> <p>Cebrenninus Simon, 1887: 468</p> <p>Libania Thorell, 1890: 148 (synonymized by Simon, 1897: 9)</p> <p>Ocyllus Thorell, 1887 (synonymized by Lehtinen, 2002: 316)</p> <p>Cupa Strand, in Bösenberg &amp; Strand, 1906 (Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995: 208, misidentified)</p> <p>Type species. – Cebrenninus rugosus Simon, 1887, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Medium sized thomisids. Cephalothorax: carapace convex, with many small apophyses and covered with many white hairs, lateral margins serrated. Chelicera with 2 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth, the larger retromarginal one bifid. Abdomen dorsum with small yellow spots and black markings. Male palp with a long RTA, bulb flat with slender embolus and median apophysis.</p> <p>Remarks. – The genus includes 5 species recorded from Java, Sumatra and Borneo, but is poorly known because only the type species was simply illustrated by Simon (1897). This genus was misidentified by Barrion &amp; Litsinger (1995) as Cupa (judging from his description and figures, the male palp of Cupa kalawitana has a long embolus and median apophysis, which is the typical diagnostic character of the genus Cebrenninus). This genus is similar to Epidius (both of them have a small tooth and a large bifid tooth on the retromargin of chelicera), but can be separated from the latter by: ratio of width of ocular area / head area = 1.0 (0.5 in Epidius); male palp has a spatulate VTA and a row of macrosetae (with VTA, RTA, sometimes with ITA in Epidius).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74546FFAA2CB5FB4B68D9FEC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74546FFA82F44FE0B6A0BFE41.text	039387B74546FFA82F44FE0B6A0BFE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cebrenninus rugosus Simon 1887	<div><p>Cebrenninus rugosus Simon, 1887 (New to China)</p> <p>(Figs. 1 A–F, 7)</p> <p>Cebrenninus rugosus Simon, 1887: 468; Simon, 1897: 9, Figs. 1–2 (types not examined); Benjamin, 2008: 4 (no description)</p> <p>Libania armillata Thorell, 1890: 149. (synonymized by Simon, 1897: 9)</p> <p>Cupa kalawitana Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995: 208, Figs. 119a–f (new synonymy, types not examined)</p> <p>Material examined. – 1 male (HNU-Hu 060901), Qinglangdang (27º41'N 98º17'E), 1,309 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.683332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.28333/lat 27.683332)">Dulongjiang Township</a>, Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, China, coll. P. Hu, 1 Sep.2006.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – The species is the type species of the genus Cebrenninus, which can be separated from the allied species by: the tibia only with one large RTA, the bulb flat, and the embolus and median apophysis both long and spatulate, the apex of median apophysis curved.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Total length 4.64. Carapace 2.25 long, 2.12 wide; abdomen 2.39 long, 1.88 wide. Carapace dark brown, slightly swollen, with some small apophyses and some short white hairs, lateral margins serrated with curved spines Cervical grooves, radial grooves and fovea distinct. Eye area wide, eye tubercles indistinct, eye sizes and interdistances: ALE (0.16)&gt; PLE (0.14)&gt; PME (0.06)&gt; AME (0.04); AME-AME (0.14) &lt;AME-ALE (0.15), PME-PME (0.25) &lt;PME-PLE (0.32), MOA long (0.37), back (0.40)&gt; front (0.29). Sternum brown. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium blackish brown. Legs I, II dark brown; legs III, IV brown, all femora with annuli and 2 dorsal spines; femora I slightly swollen medially, ventrally and prolaterally with some denticles, prolaterally with 5 spines; tibiae I, II with 5 pairs of long ventral spines; metatarsi I, II with 2 pairs of spines; tibiae III, IV with 3 pairs of ventral spines; metatarsi III with 2 pairs of ventral spines; metatarsi IV without ventral spines. Leg measurements: I 7.90 (2.50, 3.20, 1.20, 1.00), II 8.20 (2.60, 3.30, 1.30, 1.00), III 5.70 (1.80, 2.10, 1.10, 0.70), IV 6.10 (1.90, 2.20, 1.20, 0.80); formula 2, 1, 4, 3. Abdomen nearly oval with short hairs, dorsum with black markings and small light brown spots. Its sides with black lines; venter yellow. Palpal tibia with large RTA, the apex of RTA sharp and slightly curved; bulb flat, sperm ducts visible within tegulum, both the embolus and the median apophysis long and spatulate, the apex of median apophysis curved in beak-shaped.</p> <p>Female. No fresh female specimen was examined.</p> <p>Distribution. – Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines; China (Gongshan County, Yunnan Province).</p> <p>Remarks. – This species is widely distributed from South Asia to China (including Thailand and Malaysia (Benjamin, 2008)). After compared the descriptions and figures of Cebrenninus rugosus Simon, 1887, and Cupa kalawitana Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995 (types not examined), both male palps have a long embolus and median apophysis, which indicates that Cupa kalawitana Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995, should be considered as a junior synonym of Cebrenninus rugosus Simon, 1887.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74546FFA82F44FE0B6A0BFE41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74544FFA82C84F8D868BAF877.text	039387B74544FFA82C84F8D868BAF877.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidius bazarus (Tikader 1970) Tang & Yin & Peng & Griswold 2009	<div><p>Epidius bazarus (Tikader, 1970), new combination</p> <p>(Figs. 2 A–F, 7)</p> <p>Platythomisus bazarus Tikader, 1970: 48, Fig. 27a-c; Tikader, 1971: 65, Fig. 17M–P; 1980: 171, Figs. 237–239. (type specimens collected from West Sikkim, India and deposited in IZA, India, inaccessible; not examined)</p> <p>Material examined. 1 female (HNU-Tang 2003102801), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.4/lat 24.533333)">Daxinzai Village</a> (24°32'N 98°24'E), 1,219 m, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, coll. G. Tang, 28 Oct.2003. 1 female (CaAS-19611021), Lataguri, 110 m, West Bengal, India, coll. E. Ross, 21 May 1961.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – The species can be easily separated from E. gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992) by: female with larger body size: 7.36–7.62 (6.00– 6.60 in E. gongi); copulatory ducts curved and tube-shaped (short and straight in E. gongi); spermathecae small and spherical (spermathecae with 2 chambers in E. gongi).</p> <p>Description. – Female. Total length: 7.36–7.62. The specimen of total length 7.62 measured: carapace 3.47 long, 3.14 wide; abdomen 4.58 long, 2.76 wide. Cephalothorax: Carapace slightly raised on the median, light yellow, without markings. Cervical grooves, radial grooves and fovea indistinct. Eye area gray, compact, eye tubercles grayish-black, small, eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.17, PLE 0.16, AME 0.06, PME 0.14; AME-AME 0.17, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.28, PME-PLE 0.20, MOA length 0.43 with front width 0.30 and back width 0.52. Sternum pale yellow. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium yellow. Leg femora yellow, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish-brown. Leg measurements: I 19.20 (6.00, 7.20, 4.00, 2.00), II 18.60 (5.80, 7.20, 3.80, 1.80), III 9.50 (2.90, 3.80, 1.80, 1.00), IV 10.00 (3.00, 4.00, 2.00, 1.00); formula 1, 2, 4, 3. Legs light yellow. Spination: femur: I dorsal, weak spine: 0-0-1-0-0, II–IV 0-1-0-0-1, prolateral (weak) 0-1-2-1-1 (right), 1-1-2-1-1 (left); tibiae: prolateral I–IV 0-0-1-1, ventral I-II 2-2-2-2-2, III–IV 2-2-2, metatarsus I–II prolateral 1-0-0-1ap, ventral 2-2-2-2; III–IV prolateral 1-1-1ap, III ventral 0-2-2. Abdomen elongate oval, dorsum with broken silvery white spots; cardiac pattern gray, 2 pairs of muscular depressions visible; laterally silvery white; venter light yellow. Epigyne simple, atrium depressed; with a pair of sclerotized plates posteriorly; copulatory ducts curved in n-shaped; spermathecae spherical.</p> <p>Distribution. – China (Tengchong County of Yunnan), India.</p> <p>Remarks. – The type specimen of Platythomisus bazarus was kept in ZSI and is unavailable for study by foreign arachnologists (Lehtinen, 2004: 178). However, the locality of one of our specimens (Lataguri, West Bengal, India) is adjacent to that of Platythomisus bazarus (Nayabazar, West Sikkim, India). After comparing the descriptions and figures of Platythomisus bazarus Tikader, 1970, and those of our specimens (from India, China), it was found that they should be the same species. Both of our specimens bear the following diagnostic characters of the genus Epidius: tibiae and metatarsi of legs I &amp; II slender with thick ventral spines, epigyne with an atrium and a pairs of posterior sclerotized plates, eye arrangement also as same as that of Epidius. Because of those, Platythomisus bazarus should be transferred to the genus Epidius as Epidius bazarus (Tikader, 1970), new combination.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74544FFA82C84F8D868BAF877	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74544FFA82D3AFD8B6AC1F96C.text	039387B74544FFA82D3AFD8B6AC1F96C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidius Thorell 1877	<div><p>Epidius Thorell, 1877</p> <p>Epidius Thorell, 1877: 492; Simon, 1897: 10; Millot, 1941: 65. Cupa Strand, in Bösenberg &amp; Strand, 1906 (Song &amp; Zhu, 1997:</p> <p>23, misidentified)</p> <p>Type species. – Epidius longipalpis Thorell, 1877, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Small to medium size, Head area narrow, eye tubercles of each side continuous. Chelicera with 3 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth, the larger retromarginal one bifid. Legs slender with many spines. Epigyne usually with an atrium and a pair of posterior sclerotized plates. Male tibia with VTA and 4–6 macrosetae in a row.</p> <p>Distribution. – Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Java, Sumatra, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, China.</p> <p>Remarks. – This genus is composed of 9 species from Africa and Southeast Asia. Epidius is a group of poorly known special crab spiders and differs from other genera greatly by their general appearance and genital organs. This genus is similar to Sanmenia in the shape of embolus and conductor of male palp, but can be separated from the latter by: body usually light yellow to gray without markings (gray to grayish-brown with some black-brown stripes or markings in Sanmenia), epigyne usually with a pair of sclerotized plates posteriorly (without those in Sanmenia) and male palp with only VTA (with both VTA and RTA in Sanmenia). After checking the type specimens of Cupa gongi Song &amp; Kim, 1992, (the only representative of the genus Cupa recorded from China), it is found that Cupa gongi Song &amp; Kim, 1992, was misidentified as a representative of the genus Cupa. The male palp of Cupa gongi has a spatulate VTA and a row of macrosetae, which are the typical diagnostic characters of the genus Epidius. Cupa gongi Song &amp; Kim, 1992, should be transferred to the genus Epidius as E. gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992). Therefore, there is no real representative of Cupa found in China now.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74544FFA82D3AFD8B6AC1F96C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74542FFAE2CA3FF2B6907FB2C.text	039387B74542FFAE2CA3FF2B6907FB2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidius ganxiensis (Yin, Peng & Kim 1999) Tang & Yin & Peng & Griswold 2009	<div><p>Epidius ganxiensis (Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999), new combination</p> <p>(Figs. 3 A–J, 7)</p> <p>Philodromus ganxiensis Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999: 356, Fig. 2 A–G (types in HNU, examined)</p> <p>Material examined. – 2 males, 3 females (HNU), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.28333/lat 26.05)">Ganxi Township</a>, Tongdao County (26°03'N 109°17'E), Hunan Province, China, coll. C. Yin, X. Peng and Y. Zhang, 1 Jun.1996.</p> <p>Description. – Male palp with a spatulate VTA and 6 macrosetae in a row at tibial apex, conductor transparent, twisted and concave at apex; embolus slender, apically hidden under the conductor. Epigyne with a pair of spatulate sclerotized plates posteriorly; copulatory openings slit like, copulatory ducts complexly twisted; spermathecae curved in n-shape.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – This species can be separated from E. gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992) by: the atrium slit-shaped laterally (pit like medially); the ratio of length of palpal tibia to palp = 1.2 (5.0 in E. gongi).</p> <p>Distribution. – China (Hunan).</p> <p>Remarks. – The species was firstly placed under the spider family Philodromidae. However, the male palp has a spatulate VTA and a row of macrosetae, which are the typical diagnostic characters of the genus Epidius of family Thomisidae. Philodromus ganxiensis Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999, should be transferred to the genus Epidius as E. ganxiensis (Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999), new combination.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74542FFAE2CA3FF2B6907FB2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74542FFAE2C74FA986E6AFC40.text	039387B74542FFAE2C74FA986E6AFC40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidius gongi (Song & Kim 1992) Tang & Yin & Peng & Griswold 2009	<div><p>Epidius gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992), new combination</p> <p>(Figs. 4 A–I, 7)</p> <p>Cupa gongi Song et Kim, 1992: 141–142, Figs. 1–7; Song &amp; Zhu, 1997: 23, Fig. A–G (type in IZCAS, examined)</p> <p>Philodromus longitibiacus Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999: 356, Fig. 3 A–D (new synonym, types in HNU, examined)</p> <p>Material examined. – 2 males, 1 female (HNU), Nanyue (27°05'N 112°19'E), Hunan Province, China, coll. G. Tang, P. Hu and Q. Wang, 3 May 2007; 1 female (HNU), Xiaxiang, Tongdao County (26°03'N 109°17'E), Hunan Province, China, coll. C. Yin, 2 Jun.1996; 2 females (HNU), Mujiao Township, Tongdao County, coll. X. Peng &amp; Y. Zhang, 4 Jun.1996; 1 female (HNU), Linkou Township, Tongdao County, coll. X. Peng &amp; Y. Zhang, 6 Jun.1996; 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS-Ar9378, Ar 9379), Daoxian County (25°11'N 111°12'E), Hunan Province, China, coll. L. Gong, May.1984; 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS-Ar9380, Ar 9381), Tiantong Park (121°15'N 29°17'E), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.283333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=121.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.283333/lat 121.25)">Ningbo City</a>, Zhejiang Province, China, Jun.1990; 1 male (IZCAS-Ar9382), Yujiaping, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.183332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=117.083336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.183332/lat 117.083336)">Mountain Longxi</a>, Jiangle County (117°05'N 26°11'E), Fujian Province, coll. Y. Han, 11 Apr.1991.</p> <p>Description. – Male palp with a spatulate VTA and 5 macrosetae at tibial apex; conductor axe shaped, apically curved; sperm ducts visible, embolus needle like, combined with a median apophysis basally, which can be observed after expanding for half an hour in lactic acid (Fig. 4C, F). Epigyne with a pair of sclerotized plates posteriorly; copulatory ducts short; spermathecae with 2 oval chambers.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – This species is similar to E. ganxiensis (Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999), the differences are discussed in the “diagnosis” of E. ganxiensis. The male is similar to E. longipalpis Thorell, 1877, in the long palpal tibia, but can be separated from the latter by: the tibia with 2 apophyses (only with one in E. longipalpis).</p> <p>D i s t r i b u t i o n. – C h i n a (H u n a n, Z h e j i a n g, F u j i a n Provinces).</p> <p>Remarks. – The male palp of Cupa gongi has a spatulate VTA and a row of macrosetae, the epigyne with a pair of posterior sclerotized plates, which are the typical diagnostic characters of the genus Epidius. Cupa gongi Song &amp; Kim, 1992, should be transferred to the genus Epidius as E. gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992), new combination. Philodromus longitibiacus Yin, Peng &amp; Kim, 1999, was firstly placed under the spider family Philodromidae. After examined both type specimens of Philodromus longitibiacus and Cupa gongi, it is found that Philodromus longitibiacus actually is a junior synonym of Epidius gongi (Song &amp; Kim, 1992).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74542FFAE2C74FA986E6AFC40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74542FFAE2FC8FB8C6FBEF955.text	039387B74542FFAE2FC8FB8C6FBEF955.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sanmenia Song & Kim 1992	<div><p>Sanmenia Song &amp; Kim, 1992</p> <p>Sanmenia Song &amp; Kim, 1992: 142; Song &amp; Zhu, 1997: 28; Yang et al., 2006: 42</p> <p>Type species. – Cupa zhengi Ono &amp; Song, 1986.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Small sized thomisids, body covered with short white hairs. Chelicerae usually with 3–4 promarginal teeth and 3 retromarginal teeth. Legs long with many thick spines. Male palp with VTA and RTA, tegulum simple without apophysis. Embolus slender filiform, conductor wide and extend from the tegulum, and shades embolus. Epigyne usually with a large medial atrium.</p> <p>Remarks. – The type species of this genus was firstly placed in the genus Cupa (Ono &amp; Song, 1986). Song &amp; Kim (1992) erected the genus Sanmenia to accommodate Cupa zhengi. This genus only includes 3 species recorded from Asia before this study. This genus is similar to Epidius in the structures of the parts of male palpal organ. The differences are discussed in the Remarks of Epidius.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74542FFAE2FC8FB8C6FBEF955	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B74542FFA32F3BF89F6FE8FD41.text	039387B74542FFA32F3BF89F6FE8FD41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sanmenia nigra , Tang, Griswold & Peng 2009	<div><p>Sanmenia nigra, Tang, Griswold &amp; Peng, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 5 A–E, 7)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype – female (CaAS9019310), 4.36 km 142° east-south-east of Popamyo (20°33'N 95°08'E), 2,050 m, deciduous forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.13333/lat 20.55)">Mt. Popa Wildlife Reservation</a>, Mandalay Division, Myanmar, coll. C. Griswold, 26 Sep.2003.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – This new species can be separated from S. tengchong, Tang, Griswold &amp; Yin, new species by: carapace</p> <p>with pars cephalica all black (with small sparse brown stripes in S. tengchong); the epigyne without lateral hoods (with a pair of lateral hoods in S. tengchong); the spermathecae elongate oval (curved in n-shaped in S. tengchong).</p> <p>Description. – Female. Holotype total length 3.88. Carapace 1.80 long, 1.66 wide; abdomen 2.02 long, 2.00 wide. Carapace light brown with black margin, pars cephalica all black. Cervical grooves, radial grooves and fovea indistinct. Eye area with some long stick-like hairs. Tubercles of ALE and PLE continuous. Eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.13, PLE 0.12, PME 0.11, AME 0.03; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.12, MOA 0.21 long, front width 0.24, back width 0.29. Sternum light yellow. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium yellow; chelicerae with scopulae on both margins of fang furrows; 3 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 5c). Legs yellow with many spines, legs I, II darker. Femora I with 5 prolateral spines and 1 dorsal short one. Tibiae I, II with 2 dorsal spines, 3 prolateral ones and 5 pairs of long ventral ones; metatarsi I, II with 2 prolateral spines and 4 pairs of long ventral ones. Left legs I, II lost, right leg measurements: I 5.20 (1.50, 2.20, 1.00, 0.50), II 6.20 (2.00, 2.60, 1.10, 0.50), III 3.40 (1.20, 1.20, 0.60, 0.40), IV 4.20 (1.50, 1.50, 0.70, 0.50); formula 2, 1, 4, 3. Abdomen near oval, dorsum light yellow with large black markings. Its sides with black markings; venter light yellow. Epigyne with a median depressed atrium; copulatory ducts short; spermathecae elongate oval.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The specific name refers to the large black markings on carapace and abdominal dorsum.</p> <p>Distribution. – Myanmar.</p> <p>Remarks. – Thorell published a descriptive catalogue of 31 species of thomisids in 20 genera including 12 new species from Burma (Myanmar) without figures (Thorell, 1895). Up to now, 4 genera recorded by Thorell from Myanmar were synonymized, but no species recorded by Thorell was transferred to the genus Sanmenia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B74542FFA32F3BF89F6FE8FD41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
039387B7454FFFA12F75FC8B6E06FC41.text	039387B7454FFFA12F75FC8B6E06FC41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sanmenia tengchong , Tang, Griswold & Yin 2009	<div><p>Sanmenia tengchong, Tang, Griswold &amp; Yin, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 6 A–F, 7)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype – female (HNU-YHY2202), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.933332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.38333/lat 24.933332)">Dengma Village</a> (24°56'N 98°23'E), 1,113 m, Hehua Township,</p> <p>Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, coll. P. Hu, 2 Jun.2006.</p> <p>Paratypes – 1 female (CaAS-YHY2202), same data as holotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – This new species is similar to S. nigra, Tang, Griswold &amp; Peng, new species, the differences are discussed in the “Diagnosis” of S. nigra. The new species can also be separated from S. gongshan Yang et al., 2006, by: the abdomen with more dark markings and fewer white spots; the abdomen only with short white hairs (short white hairs and some long black hairs in S. gongshan); the epigynal hoods laterally located (posteriorly located in S. gongshan); the spermathecae curved, tube-shaped (pyriform in S. gongshan).</p> <p>Description. – Female. Total length 4.80–5.00. Holotype total length 4.80. Carapace 2.17 long, 1.93 wide; abdomen 2.54 long, 2.19 wide. Cephalothorax elevated moderately, carapace brown with short white hairs, with grayish black markings bilaterally and medially. Carapace flat on the head area. Carapace with 3 small black stripes behind the PER and extending backwards, the fovea black. Cervical grooves, radial grooves and fovea indistinct. Eye area with some long hairs. Tubercles of ALE and PLE grayish- white and continuous. Eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.13, PLE 0.12, PME 0.11, AME 0.05; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.14. Sternum yellow. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium yellowish brown; chelicerae with scopulae on both margins of fang furrows; 3 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Legs grayish-yellow with grayish-black spots. Femora I swollen with 5 prolateral and 1 dorsal short spines. Tibiae I, II with 3 prolateral and 5 pairs of ventral spines; metatarsi I, II with 4 pairs of ventral spines. Leg measurements: I 6.98 (2.32, 2.96, 1.20, 0.50), II 6.66 (2.20, 2.86, 1.15, 0.45), III 4.80 (1.80, 1.90, 0.80, 0.30), IV 5.03 (1.80, 1.93, 0.90, 0.40); formula 1, 2, 4, 3. Abdomen nearly oval, dorsum covered with short white hairs, dorsum grayish-brown with paramedian grayish-black stripes and some small white spots; laterally grayish-black; venter grayish-brown with some small black spots. Epigyne with a pair of hoods laterally; copulatory ducts invisible; spermathecae curved, tube-shaped.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The specific name refers to the type locality.</p> <p>Distribution. – China (Yunnan Province, China).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387B7454FFFA12F75FC8B6E06FC41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tang, Guo;Yin, Changmin;Peng, Xianjin;Griswold, Charles	Tang, Guo, Yin, Changmin, Peng, Xianjin, Griswold, Charles (2009): Six Crab Spiders Of The Subfamily Stephanopinae From Southeast Asia (Araneae: Thomisidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1): 39-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508210
