identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039387DBFF9EAD27D8DA80ECFBB6FED7.text	039387DBFF9EAD27D8DA80ECFBB6FED7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) makrisi Miessen 2011	<div><p>Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) makrisi Miessen, 2011</p><p>(Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4C, 5B, 9)</p><p>Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) makrisi Miessen, 2011: 111, figs. on pp. 116, 118–119 [not numbered] (type locality: “ Kourion, Lemesos, alt.: 50 m, Cyprus ”).</p><p>Type material examined. Cyprus: Paratypes, 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (GMCL), “Rizoelia nat. for. Park | Larnaka—CYPRUS || leg.: E. Kakouris | collection: G. Miessen || Bolbelasmus makrisi nov. sp. | G. Miessen det. 2011 | PARATYPUS [printed, red label]” .</p><p>Additional material examined. Cyprus: 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (OHCB), Akamas NP, 5 km N of Lara, 13.–20.iii.2015, O. Hillert lgt.; 1 ♁ (OHCB), Akamas NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.45989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.93935" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.45989/lat 34.93935)">Lara</a>, 13.–20.iii.2015, O. Hillert lgt.; 1 ♁ (OHCB), Miliou, N of Paphos, 13.–20.iii.2015, O. Hillert lgt.; 1 ♁ (OHCB), Miliou, 34°56’22.23”N, 32°27’35.90”E, 7.vi.2014, vivant dans piscine [alive in pool], G. Miessen lgt.; 1 ♁ (OHCB), Miliou, 34°56’21.66”N, 32°27’35.59”E, 7.vi.2014, attire par lampe UV [attracted by UV light], G. Miessen lgt.; 16 ♁♁ 15 ♀♀ (OHCB) (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4C, 5B), 2 ♁♁ 2 ♀♀ (NMPC), 5 km NE of Pegeia, Paphos env., 13.–20.iii.2015, O. Hillert lgt .</p><p>Distribution. Endemic to Cyprus (Nikolajev et al. 2016) (see map, Fig. 9).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387DBFF9EAD27D8DA80ECFBB6FED7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sommer, David;Hillert, Oliver;Hrůzová, Lucie;Král, David	Sommer, David, Hillert, Oliver, Hrůzová, Lucie, Král, David (2021): Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae), a new species from Iran, along with an updated key to the western Palaearctic species of the subgenus. Zootaxa 4920 (3): 380-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.3.4
039387DBFF9DAD24D8DA8120FD1AFEFB.text	039387DBFF9DAD24D8DA8120FD1AFEFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) nireus (Reitter 1895)	<div><p>Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) nireus (Reitter, 1895)</p><p>(Figs. 1 C–D, 2C–D, 3C–D, 4D, 5C, 7A–C, 8A–B, 9)</p><p>Bolboceras nireus Reitter, 1895: 81 (type locality: “Akbes [= Maydân Akbis]”).</p><p>Type material examined. Syria: Holotype, ♀ (MNHN) (Figs. 7 A–C, 8A–B) “ Bolboceras | Nireus m | n. sp. Akbes [hw, Reitter’s hand] || Typus [p, red label] || jkF720329 || VIO || Bolbelasmus | nireus Rttr. || det. J. Krikken 197[p]2[hw, Krikken’s hand] || Bolbelasmus nireus | (Reitter, 1895) | D. Král &amp; D. Sommer det. 2019 [p]”.</p><p>Additional material examined. Greece, Rhodes: 1 ♁ (LSCN), 1 ♁ (OHCB) (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 4D, 5C), Lindos, 36°05’32”N 28°05’06”E, 16.iv.2017, L. Schmidt lgt.; 1 ♁ (OHCB), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.145563&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.41697" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.145563/lat 36.41697)">Lalyssos</a>, 36°25’01.09”N 28°08’44.03”E, 28.iii.2017, R. Dietze lgt .; Syria: 1 ♀ (MNHN), Akbès, [without date], [E.] Reitter; Turkey: 1 ♀ (OHCB), Side, 27.iv.1973, K. Warncke lgt .; 1 ♀ (NMPC), Korkuteli, 11.vi.1991, B. Němec lgt.; 1 ♁ (JMCP), İçel, Çamliyayla, Sebil, 24.–26.v.1995, J. Mička lgt .; 1 ♀ (NMPC), 20 km S of Kemer, v.2001, [without collector’s name]; 1 ♁ (AHCB) (Figs. 1D, 2D, 3D), NW of Alanya, NE of Manavgat, 8.iv.2015, M. Snížek lgt.; 2 ♁♁ (MNHN), Adana [without date and collector’s name] .</p><p>Disribution. Iraq, Syria and Turkey (Nikolajev et al. 2016). New country record for Greece (island of Rhodes) (see map, Fig. 9). The record of the species B. (B.) unicornis (Schrank, 1789) from the island of Rhodes by Schatzmayr (1936) most likely relates to the species B. (B.) nireus .</p><p>Note. The distribution in Iraq is based on a single female specimen from Assur tentatively assigned to this species by Krikken (1977). We have not studied this specimen, so we cannot confirm with certainty what species it belongs to. In addition, this Iraqi locality of the species is very far from its distribution in Turkey (see map, Fig. 9). Their distribution in Syria is based on two females (including the holotype) collected at “Akbes”. This locality, nowadays a small village Maydân Akbis belongs to the territory of Syria (Aleppo Governorate) and is situated very close to the border with Turkey (see map, Fig. 9). Between 1881–1926 there was the Trappist monastery “Abbaye d’Akbès” (Le Bras et al. 1979). The site is not in modern Turkey, as stated in some papers, see Kryštufek et al. (2001), Keith (2005) or Arnone &amp; Massa (2010).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387DBFF9DAD24D8DA8120FD1AFEFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sommer, David;Hillert, Oliver;Hrůzová, Lucie;Král, David	Sommer, David, Hillert, Oliver, Hrůzová, Lucie, Král, David (2021): Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae), a new species from Iran, along with an updated key to the western Palaearctic species of the subgenus. Zootaxa 4920 (3): 380-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.3.4
039387DBFF90AD29D8DA859BFACEF895.text	039387DBFF90AD29D8DA859BFACEF895.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis Sommer, Hillert, Hruzova & Kral 2021	<div><p>Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis Sommer, Hillert, Hrůzová &amp; Král, new species</p><p>(Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4 A–B, 5A, 6A–C, 9, 10)</p><p>Bolbelasmus nireus: Keith 2005: 51, fig. 1 (distribution); Montreuil 2017: 260 (distribution).</p><p>Bolbelasmus nireus [partim, populations from Iran]: Arnone &amp; Massa 2010: 412 (distribution); Miessen 2011: 110 (distribution); Hillert et al. 2016: 246 (distribution); Nikolajev et al. 2016: 33 (catalogue); Schoolmeesters 2020 (online catalogue).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387DBFF90AD29D8DA859BFACEF895	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sommer, David;Hillert, Oliver;Hrůzová, Lucie;Král, David	Sommer, David, Hillert, Oliver, Hrůzová, Lucie, Král, David (2021): Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae), a new species from Iran, along with an updated key to the western Palaearctic species of the subgenus. Zootaxa 4920 (3): 380-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.3.4
039387DBFF97AD2FD8DA8351FA3AFDC3.text	039387DBFF97AD2FD8DA8351FA3AFDC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolbelasmus Boucomont 1911	<div><p>Key to the subgenus Bolbelasmus species from the western Palaearctic Region</p><p>(modified from Hillert et al. 2016)</p><p>1. Posterior margin of pronotum incompletely bordered, interrupted laterally of scutellum. …........................... 2</p><p>- Posterior margin of pronotum completely bordered. …........................................................ 6</p><p>2. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly semicircular between anterior angles and midline in dorsal view, anterior angles almost rounded; frontal horn and medial hornlike apophysis of pronotum distinct; scutellum triangular, approximately as long as wide; body length 11.0– 13.5 mm; southern parts of central Europe, France (Alsace), Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Poland, Russia and Ukraine; Asian part of Turkey ...................................... … B. (B.) unicornis (Schrank von Paula, 1789)</p><p>- Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, regularly bent from anterior angle to middle, anterior corners of pronotum distinctly acuminate, lateral margin straight in front of anterior angles; frontal horn and medial hornlike apophysis of pronotum always indistinct; scutellum triangular, longer than wide; body length 9.5–12.0 mm; Cyprus, Greece (Rhodes), Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. …....................................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Eye cantus weakly acuminate and distinctly exceeding eye laterally; scutellum rounded apically; Asian part of Turkey. ….............................................................................. B. (B.) tauricus Petrovitz, 1973</p><p>- Eye cantus regularly rounded and not exceeding eye laterally; scutellum acuminate apically. …....................... 4</p><p>4. Frontal horn weakly spaced from fronto-clypeal carina (viewed from above), pronotal punctation double and dense, small punctures sparser; frontal horn directed upwards to weakly backwards (Figs. 3A, 3 C–D, 4A–B, 4D).................… 5</p><p>- Frontal horn close to fronto-clypeal carina (viewed from above); pronotal punctation double and dense, small punctures denser; frontal horn directed obliquely forewards (Figs. 3B, 4C); aedeagus as in Fig. 5B; Cyprus ..... B. (B.) makrisi Miessen, 2011</p><p>5. Border of posterior margin of pronotum weakly interrupted laterobasally, but with only several single punctures; frontal horn directed weakly backwards (Figs. 3 C–D, 4D); aedeagus as in Fig. 5C; Greece (Rhodes), Iraq, Syria and Asian part of Turkey ............................................................................… B. (B.) nireus (Reitter, 1895)</p><p>- Border of posterior margin of pronotum distinctly interrupted laterobasally, single punctures absent; frontal horn directed upwardly (Figs. 3A, 4 A–B); aedeagus as in Fig. 5A; Iran ..................................................................................................... …. B. (B.) zagrosensis Sommer, Hillert, Hrůzová &amp; Král, new species</p><p>6. Scutellum impunctate or finely, shallowly punctate; frontal horn simple or furcate apically. …........................ 7</p><p>- Scutellum densely punctate; apex of frontal horn simple..................................................... 11</p><p>7. Frontal horn simple; genae evenly rounded; oblique keel above eye longer than length of eye; head strongly constricted behind eye. ….............................................................................................. 8</p><p>- Frontal horn furcate apically; genae more or less angulate anterolaterally; oblique keel above eye reaching to anterior part of eye; head not strongly constricted behind eye. …............................................................ 9</p><p>8. Body surface blackish; pronotal punctation dense and distinct, separated by distance of 1–2 punctures combined; Algeria, Italy (Sicily) and Tunisia. …................................................ B. (B.) vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898)</p><p>- Body surface brownish; pronotal punctation sparse but distinct, separated by distance of 3–4 punctures combined; Greece (Crete, Kasos). …....................................................... B. (B.) keithi Miessen &amp; Trichas, 2011</p><p>9. Frontal horn short (not longer than wide), apex of horn approximately as wide as base of horn; pronotal punctation denser with exception of basal part, puncture separated by diameter of puncture; pronotal base with fine and regularly spaced punctures, puctures in shape of pinned points; elytral striae well impressed, completely developed; elytral intervals moderately convex; Spain. …............................................................... B. (B.) brancoi Hillert &amp; Král, 2016</p><p>- Frontal horn long (longer than wide), tapering apically; pronotal punctation sparser, puncture separated approximately by three their diameters; pronotal base with fine, poorly visible and well separated punctures, punctures in shape of pinned points; elytral striae not impressed, punctures in row visible; elytral intervals flat; northern Africa. …............................. 10</p><p>10. Frontal horn parallel to anterior part of eyes; horn sharply keeled at basal half; middle hornlike apophysis of pronotum directed upwards, subapical protrusion situated basally; lateral hornlike apophyses of pronotum directed forwards; Algeria and Morocco. ….................................................................. B. (B.) bocchus (Erichson, 1841)</p><p>- Base of frontal horn parallel to level of posterior part of eyes; horn broadly keeled apically; middle hornlike apophysis of pronotum directed obliquely, subapical protrusion situated at apex; lateral hornlike apophyses of pronotum directed forwardly; Egypt, Libya and Tunisia .................................. … B. (B.) nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král &amp; Massa, 2016</p><p>11. Apex of frontal horn tapering apically, acute, weakly flattened in anterior part of horn; Spain and Gibraltar ................................................................................... … B. (B.) howdeni Hillert &amp; Král, 2016</p><p>- Apex of frontal horn roughly as wide as base, apex broadly acute, strongly flattened in anterior part of horn; France (including Corsica), Portugal and Spain ................................................. … B. (B.) gallicus (Mulsant, 1842)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387DBFF97AD2FD8DA8351FA3AFDC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sommer, David;Hillert, Oliver;Hrůzová, Lucie;Král, David	Sommer, David, Hillert, Oliver, Hrůzová, Lucie, Král, David (2021): Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) zagrosensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae), a new species from Iran, along with an updated key to the western Palaearctic species of the subgenus. Zootaxa 4920 (3): 380-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.3.4
