taxonID	type	description	language	source
136082AD4667297DE711DC9B753AE7A3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. From Prentice (1997, p. 147) " The genus Aphonopelma is distinguished from all other theraphosid genera by the following combination of characters: (1) no known external stridulation organs; (2) hair-like or spiniform plumose setae on the prolateral surface of the trochanter and femur of leg I and on the retrolateral surface of the coxa and trochanter of the pedipalp; (3) type I urticating setae only; (4) corresponding segments of all legs approximately the same width in females (femur III in males sometimes laterally swollen); (5) scopula of tarsus IV usually entire, if divided then only partially and narrowly by line of setae; (6) setae on the prolateral surface of coxa I hair-like and not basally swollen, spiniform and basally swollen, or distinctly stout and thorn-like; (7) metatarsus I flexing against the lower process of the tibial spur, with either the apex of the spur contacting the ventral surface of the metatarsus or the outer edge of the spur in the apical half contacting the prolateral surface of the metatarsus; (8) and the lower process of the tibial spur curving prolaterodistally and widening apically, usually equipped with at least one apical or preapical megaspine, and the upper shorter process less stout basally, relatively uniform in diameter throughout its length, and equipped on its inner surface with at least one stout, basally articulated megaspine. " Future nomenclatural status of Aphonopelma Due to our inability to conduct fieldwork in Mexico and Central America, a comprehensive taxonomic revision of Aphonopelma (and other closely related genera) is not feasible at this time. However, we do anticipate future genus-level nomenclatural changes for those species found in the United States. As presently defined, we have reason to believe that Aphonopelma is not monophyletic. Our choice of outgroups places the Aphonopelma species from the United States closer to the genus Sericopelma than to the Central American species of Aphonopelma (Fig. 8). This has nomenclatural implications because the type species (Aphonopelma seemanni) from Costa Rica is undoubtedly grouped with the other Central American Aphonopelma material (pers. obs.). Unfortunately, it is not possible to resurrect a synonymized generic name (e. g., Dugesiella or Delopelma) for the Aphonopelma species in the United States until researchers can more thoroughly sample material from Mexico and Central America (see Prentice 1997, Smith 2010). Aphonopelma	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A5C1223BDC49F279BDB6D3BA3B2A5341.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma anax (Fig. 9) is a member of the Hentzi species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma anax as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Fig. 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma hentzi, and closely related to Aphonopelma armada. Male Aphonopelma anax can be distinguished from geographically proximate species by their unique palpal bulbs - stout and wide with distinct keels on the embolus (Fig. 10). Females can be distinguished from geographically proximate species by their unique spermathecae - short, wide, slightly rounded, without capitate bulbs (Figs 12 - 13). Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma anax from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl, M 3, and F 4. Male Aphonopelma anax can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 4 / M 4 (≥ 0.94; 0.94 - 1.04) than Aphonopelma armada (≤ 0.92; 0.86 - 0.92); a larger Cl / M 1 (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.63) than moderatum (≤ 1.30; 1.13 - 1.30) and Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. (≤ 1.31; 1.10 - 1.31); and a larger F 1 / M 3 (≥ 1.28; 1.28 - 1.43) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 1.24; 1.18 - 1.24). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma anax from Aphonopelma hentzi. Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma anax from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are P 1 and T 3. Female Aphonopelma anax can be distinguished by possessing a larger P 1 / T 3 (≥ 13.88; 13.88 - 19.15) than Aphonopelma armada (≤ 13.84; 9.93 - 13.84) and Aphonopelma moderatum (≤ 13.12; 8.14 - 13.12). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma anax from Aphonopelma gabeli or Aphonopelma hentzi. Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A5C1223BDC49F279BDB6D3BA3B2A5341.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Texas: Bexar: Hollywood Park, 220 Mecca, 29.59413 - 98.47946 2, 934 ft., [APH _ 0033, 2 / 6 / 2006, 1 ♂, Connor Shannon, Ryan Tubbesing, AUMNH]; Cameron: 2100 W. San Marcelo Blvd # 158, Brownsville, 25.95835 - 97.500489 2, 21 ft., [APH _ 0523, 20 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♂, Lilia Perez, AUMNH]; Brownsville, 25.901747 - 97.497484 5, 26 ft., [APH _ 2045, 4 / 1963, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Ted Beimler, AMNH]; Brownsville, field NE Coffeeport Rd, 25.948055 - 97.480915 1, 19 ft., [APH _ 0459 - 0462, 9 / 4 / 09, 1 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Harlingen, 26.190631 - 97.696103 5, 39 ft., [APH _ 2043, 15 / 11 / 1939, 1 ♀, B. Brown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2044, 1939, 1 ♀, Bryce Brown, AMNH]; Harlingen, Dixieland Park, 26.16825 - 97.72063 1, 43 ft., [APH _ 1273 - 1275, 12 / 5 / 11, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Harlingen, McKelvey Park, 26.180254 - 97.679291 1, 35 ft., [APH _ 0463, 9 / 4 / 09, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1271 - 1272, 11 / 5 / 11, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Harlingen, S of town, 26.145617 - 97.661717 5, 41 ft., [APH _ 0924, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Laguna Vista, 26.100864 - 97.290234 5, 12 ft., [AUMS _ 2355, 4 / 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2583, 4 / 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2609, 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2613, unknown, 1 ♀, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2690, 4 / 1998, 2 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2695, 4 / 1998, 1 ♀, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3268 - 3269, 3 / 1998, 2 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3271, 4 / 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3274, 4 / 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3315, 4 / 1998, 1 ♂, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; Laguna Vista, Roloff Park, 26.10243 - 97.291 1, 3 ft., [APH _ 0455 - 0458, 9 / 4 / 09, 2 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Los Fresnos, 26.071744 - 97.476373 5, 23 ft., [AUMS _ 2688, 1999, 1 ♀, R. G. Breene, AUMNH]; South Padre Island, 26.076567 - 97.16315 5, 4 ft., [APH _ 0858, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; DeWitt: between Cuero and Westhoff on Hwy 87, 29.1221 - 97.410817 1, 303 ft., [APH _ 0859 - 0861, 9 / 2008, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0947, 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Dimmit: 6.7 miles E Maverick County Line on US- 277, 28.625443 - 100.004038 1, 659 ft., [APH _ 0473, 11 / 4 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Blocker Pond, 28.3125 - 99.40694 1, 570 ft., [APH _ 0025, 12 / 3 / 2002, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, WTAMU Herp Class, AUMNH]; 3 miles NW Catarina on US- 83, 28.37472 - 99.64806 1, 560 ft., [APH _ 0042, 12 / 3 / 2000, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Duval: 4.4 miles E Hwy- 339 on FM- 2295, 27.58835 - 98.33743 1, 340 ft., [APH _ 1270, 11 / 5 / 11, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 5.3 miles SE Webb County Line on Hwy- 44, 27.907752 - 98.723635 1, 497 ft., [APH _ 0529, 3 / 6 / 09, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; S of San Diego, TX on Hwy- 359, 27.733177 - 98.262366 1, 339 ft., [APH _ 0584, 14 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Fayette: La Grange, 29.914417 - 96.866267 1, 330 ft., [APH _ 0804 - 0806, 5 / 2008, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0808, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0809, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0898, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; La Grange, S side of river, 29.874417 - 96.850383 1, 345 ft., [APH _ 0811, 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0810, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0899, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0901, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; La Grange, on FM 155, 29.859333 - 96.848033 1, 348 ft., [APH _ 0900, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; La Grange, rest stop on Hwy 77, 29.843383 - 96.9091 1, 377 ft., [APH _ 0902 - 0903, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Gonzales: 6.1 miles SE of Gonzales, 29.497194 - 97.380048 5, 328 ft., [APH _ 2658, 18 / 6 / 1956, 1 ♂, W. McAlister, AMNH]; Harris: Houston, 29.760193 - 95.36939 6, 43 ft., [APH _ 2650, 6 / 1959, 1 ♂, Mrs. Emilie Steude, AMNH]; Jim Hogg: 0.9 miles E Zapata County Line on FM- 2687, 26.939665 - 98.941918 1, 526 ft., [APH _ 1131, 15 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 2.0 miles N Starr County Line on FM- 649, 26.81392 - 98.855998 1, 625 ft., [APH _ 1130, 15 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Karnes: Karnes City, 28.885483 - 97.902683 1, 411 ft., [APH _ 0864 - 0866, 9 / 2008, 2 ♀, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0952, 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Kleberg: Kingsville, S Brahma Blvd, 27.4806 - 97.855767 1, 77 ft., [APH _ 0856 - 0857, 9 / 2008, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Kingsville, 27.515869 - 97.856109 5, 56 ft., [APH _ 2046, 27 / 6 / 1970, 1 ♂, Gillaspy, AMNH]; Kingsville, field at high school, along Caesar Ave across street from cemetery, 27.506531 - 97.879785 1, 65 ft., [APH _ 0579 - 0583, 13 / 6 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; La Salle: Cotulla, 28.436934 - 99.235032 1, 437 ft., [APH _ 3129, 2013, 1 ♂, Roger Birkhead, AUMNH]; Los Angeles, 28.460017 - 98.9999 1, 391 ft., [APH _ 0871, 2008, 1 ♀, Sky Stevens, AUMNH]; Maverick: 4.2 miles SW Zavala County Line on Hwy- 57, 28.88947 - 100.16539 2, 711 ft., [APH _ 1458, 24 / 1 / 2012, 1 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; 4.6 miles E / SE Eagle Pass (jct US- 57) on US- 277, 28.69567 - 100.39303 1, 833 ft., [APH _ 0055, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0058, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0084, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 9.0 miles NE US- 57 on FM- 481, 28.928198 - 100.262798 1, 787 ft., [APH _ 1149 - 1150, 17 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; McMullen: 1.25 miles N FM- 3445 on TX- 16, 28.520536 - 98.547662 1, 300 ft., [APH _ 1117, 14 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Nueces: Corpus Christi, Meldo Park, approx. 2 blocks SW Santa Fe St on Brawner Parkway, 27.747437 - 97.379802 1, 41 ft., [APH _ 0577 - 0578, 13 / 6 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Starr: San Carlos, Hwy 649 ~ 2 miles N of 2686 junction, 26.720783 - 98.8468 1, 411 ft., [APH _ 0889, 18 / 4 / 2008, 1 ♀, Christian Cox, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; Washington: 2301 Running Valley Lane, Washington, 30.225692 - 96.160138 1, 224 ft., [APH _ 3123, 13 / 6 / 2013, 1 ♂, Chuck Matula, AUMNH]; 5 miles west of Carmine, 30.140828 - 96.759342 5, 433 ft., [APH _ 2660, 27 / 6 / 1960, 2 ♀, W. McAlister, AMNH]; Brenham, 30.145467 - 96.43435 5, 323 ft., [APH _ 0968, 6 / 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Chappell Hill, 1 / 4 mile S of intersection of Old Chappell Hill Rd and Pulaski School Rd, 30.1577 - 96.288344 1, 282 ft., [APH _ 3121, 20 / 5 / 2013, 1 ♂, Todd Burch, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3122, 30 / 5 / 2013, 1 ♂, Todd Burch, AUMNH]; Webb: 0.8 miles NW Hwy- 44 on US- 83, 28.03711 - 99.54681 1, 820 ft., [APH _ 1285, 13 / 5 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 1.1 miles SW Duval County Line on US- 59, 27.786023 - 98.818769 1, 451 ft., [APH _ 0524 - 0528, 3 / 6 / 09, 3 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 3.2 miles W FM- 2895 on TX- 359, 27.454855 - 99.136257 1, 511 ft., [APH _ 1125, 15 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 3.6 miles NW I- 35 on US- 83, 27.80051 - 99.46291 1, 760 ft., [APH _ 1281 - 1282, 13 / 5 / 2011, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 4.3 miles E Loop- 20 on US- 59 at Los Tios Creek, 27.56159 - 99.39045 1, 470 ft., [APH _ 1280, 13 / 5 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 5.1 miles SE La Salle County Line on Hwy- 44, 28.012456 - 99.195109 1, 454 ft., [APH _ 0530 - 0531, 3 / 6 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Wharton: El Campo, 29.19405 - 96.2617 1, 90 ft., [APH _ 0800 - 0803, 7 / 2008, 4 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Zapata: 2.0 miles NW FM- 2687 on US- 83, 26.80362 - 99.142 1, 410 ft., [APH _ 1277 - 1279, 13 / 5 / 2011, 1 ♂, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Mexico: Nuevo Leon: Canon de la Huasteca, 25.61484 - 100.47585 1, 2600 ft., [APH _ 0056, 24 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
33F5887A5DCD9A1D071CF7F0F1CECAFD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma armada (Fig. 15) is a member of the Hentzi species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic char acteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma armada as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as a sister lineage to Aphonopelma anax and Aphonopelma hentzi. Female Aphonopelma armada can be distinguished by their noticeably large urticating hair patch (black spot), a less hirsute and more lustrous appearance, and metatarsi I, II, and III that are distinctly flared and wider than other syntopic species (Fig. 15). Male Aphonopelma armada are generally smaller and less hirsute than other similar looking syntopic species. Setae on the prolateral face of coxa I have a unique pattern that help distinguish Aphonopelma armada from all other Aphonopelma in the United States (Figs 16 - 17). Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma armada from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 4, PTl, and extent of metatarsus III scopulation. Male Aphonopelma armada can be distinguished by possessing a larger PTl / M 1 (≥ 0.73; 0.73 - 0.83) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.68; 0.61 - 0.68), Aphonopelma moderatum (≤ 0.69; 0.61 - 0.69), and Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. (≤ 0.69; 0.60 - 0.69); by possessing a smaller F 4 / M 4 (≤ 0.92; 0.86 - 0.92) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 0.94; 0.94 - 1.04); and smaller L 3 scopulation extent (48 % - 63 %) than Aphonopelma hentzi (69 % - 86 %). Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma armada from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are P 1, Cl, and extent of metatarsus IV scopulation. Female Aphonopelma armada can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / A 3 (≥ 2.48; 2.48 - 2.69) than Aphonopelma moderatum (≤ 2.46; 2.25 - 2.46); a larger P 1 / F 4 (≥ 0.47; 0.47 - 0.52) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.46; 0.42 - 0.46); by possessing a smaller P 1 / T 3 (≤ 13.84; 9.93 - 13.84) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 13.88; 13.88 - 19.15); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (28 % - 43 %) than Aphonopelma hentzi (42 % - 72 %, with slight overlap). Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
33F5887A5DCD9A1D071CF7F0F1CECAFD.taxon	description	Description. Female originally described by Chamberlin (1940).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
33F5887A5DCD9A1D071CF7F0F1CECAFD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Texas: Andrews: SW 4001 and SW 7000, 32.131369 - 102.621689 1, 3152 ft., [APH _ 1049, 6 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♀, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; SW 4001, 32.113981 - 102.615814 1, 3140 ft., [APH _ 1052, 6 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; Briscoe: Caprock Canyons State Park, Honey Flat camping area (site 4), 34.419514 - 101.056081 1, 2611 ft., [APH _ 0551 - 0554, 7 / 6 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Burleson: Caldwell, 30.49425 - 96.6921 5, 373 ft., [APH _ 0944, 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Coleman: O. H. Ivie reservoir, Coleman Lake at Hords Creek, 31.842967 - 99.5696 1, 1936 ft., [APH _ 0840, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; O. H. Ivie reservoir, 31.57695 - 99.66065 1, 1571 ft., [APH _ 0950, 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Crosby: 0.2 miles N US- 82 on FM 2591 (E of Crosbyton), 33.669122 - 101.175656 1, 2802 ft., [APH _ 0547 - 0550, 7 / 6 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; DeWitt: Westhoff, Meyer Rd off Hwy 240 and County Rd 142, 29.136983 - 97.497033 1, 342 ft., [APH _ 0922 - 0923, 9 / 2008, 2 ♂, Dan Lewis, AUMNH]; Ector: Cowden H Ranch, 32.076633 - 102.789983 5, 3320 ft., [APH _ 0855, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0965 - 0967, 2006, 3 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0977, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Fayette: La Grange, 29.914433 - 96.866317 1, 321 ft., [APH _ 0807, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Glasscock: E of Midland, off Hwy 137, 31.94904 - 101.72346 2, 2569 ft., [APH _ 1468, 19 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Hall: Hulver Cemetery, 5.9 miles W US- 287 on Hwy- 86, 34.522756 - 100.534382 2, 1955 ft., [APH _ 1460, 27 / 5 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Howard: Big Spring, at miniature golf course, 32.200567 - 101.47715 1, 2701 ft., [APH _ 0841 - 0844, 9 / 2008, 4 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0945, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Kimble: Texas Tech Field Station, Junction, 30.472222 - 99.780833 1, 1718 ft., [APH _ 1067, 24 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1068, 16 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Bryce Hubbell, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1069, 17 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Travis Fisher, AUMNH]; Kinney: 0.59 miles E US- 277 on FM- 693, 29.17044 - 100.673259 1, 972 ft., [APH _ 1164, 17 / 3 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Midland: Midland, 31.924217 - 102.0583 1, 2784 ft., [APH _ 0953, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; W County Rd 54, 32.027933 - 102.206853 1, 2883 ft., [APH _ 1056 - 1059, 5 / 7 / 2010, 4 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; CR 60, 32.010556 - 102.2275 1, 2888 ft., [APH _ 1061 - 1062, 2 / 7 / 2010, 2 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; near Midland, along Hwy- 158, 31.999899 - 102.180216 1, 2862 ft., [APH _ 1172 - 1173, 21 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; near Midland, along CR- 60, 32.003836 - 102.256184 1, 2890 ft., [APH _ 1174, 21 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 0.5 miles S CR 118 W on Hwy- 349, 31.58789 - 101.9704 2, 2793 ft., [APH _ 1462, 13 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; 0.3 miles S FM- 1787 on FM- 1492, 31.66265 - 102.20689 2, 2876 ft., [APH _ 1466, 17 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Reagan: Hwy 137, 31.343611 - 101.495833 1, 2617 ft., [APH _ 1064 - 1065, 30 / 6 / 2010, 2 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; off Hwy 67, 31.23071389 - 101.7264444 2, 2715 ft., [APH _ 1385, 19 / 9 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Scurry: Snyder, 32.682133 - 100.925483 1, 2353 ft., [APH _ 0845 - 0849, 9 / 2008, 5 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Tom Green: San Angelo, approx. 1 miles N of W Hwy- 67, 31.46431 - 100.49511 4, 1922 ft., [APH _ 0010, 23 / 6 / 2005, 1 ♂, Kati and Martha Mayfield, AUMNH]; Upton: oil fields W of Hwy 329, 31.28048056 - 102.0802 2, 2605 ft., [APH _ 1374, 17 / 6 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1375, 16 / 6 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1377, 19 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1379, 6 / 9 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1381, 10 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; FM 1492, 31.56408333 - 102.1742556 2, 2855 ft., [APH _ 1384, 11 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1387, 31 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1388, 11 / 9 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; oil fields E of Hwy 329, 31.35340556 - 102.0877333 2, 2695 ft., [APH _ 1389, 30 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; FM 1492, 31.56408333 - 102.1742556 2, 2855 ft., [APH _ 1391, 23 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Val Verde: Del Rio, near River Rd, 29.35553 - 100.972297 5, 885 ft., [APH _ 0593 - 0594, Spring 2009, 2 juv, unknown, AUMNH]; 2.2 miles off Hwy 90 on spur 406, N of Del Rio, 29.574484, - 101.041898 1, 1195 ft., [APH _ 3124, 15 / 6 / 2014, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
3664AAE3AD46425B03A5FBC2A2112D21.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a neuter noun meaning " of or relating to atoms ". The name references the Nevada Test Site, constructed by the Atomic Energy Commission for the testing of nuclear devices, where this species was originally collected. The name is in homage to the famous sci-fi B movies of the 1950 ' s, of which Tarantula (1955) was the most entertaining, and slightly ironic given that this species is one of the smallest tarantulas in the United States.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
3664AAE3AD46425B03A5FBC2A2112D21.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma atomicum (Fig. 20) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma atomicum as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma mojave, Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n., Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n., and Aphonopelma joshua. Aphonopelma atomicum can easily be differentiated from larger syntopic species (e. g., Aphonopelma iodius) due to their much smaller size and the extent of metatarsal scopulation on legs III and IV, and from all other miniaturized species of Aphonopelma by their locality (with the exception of Aphonopelma prenticei). Molecular data is needed to differentiate this species from Aphonopelma prenticei (see Figs 7, 8). The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma atomicum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 3 and the extent of metatarsus IV scopulation. Male Aphonopelma atomicum can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 3 / M 3 (≥ 0.99; 0.99 - 1.03) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.98; 0.91 - 0.98) and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (≤ 0.95; 0.91 - 0.95); a smaller F 3 L / W (≤ 3.40; 2.92 - 3.40) than Aphonopelma icenoglei (≥ 3.51; 3.51 - 3.90); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (26 % - 41 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (62 % - 88 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma atomicum from Aphonopelma mojave or Aphonopelma prenticei (Aphonopelma atomicum males possess a swollen F 3 femur like Aphonopelma prenticei, whereas Aphonopelma mojave males do not). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma atomicum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 3 and the extent of metatarsus IV scopulation. Female Aphonopelma atomicum can be distinguished by possessing a smaller A 1 / F 3 (≤ 0.56; 0.53 - 0.56) than Aphonopelma mojave (> 0.56; 0.56 - 0.67), Aphonopelma icenoglei (≥ 0.59; 0.59 - 0.67), and Aphonopelma joshua (≥ 0.57; 0.57 - 0.64); a smaller Cl / F 3 (≤ 1.38; 1.31 - 1.38) than Aphonopelma prenticei (≥ 1.39; 1.39 - 1.64); and smaller L 4 scopulation extent (37 % - 49 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
3664AAE3AD46425B03A5FBC2A2112D21.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Inyo: Death Valley National Park, Hwy- 178, Salsberry Pass, 35.923118 - 116.431747 1, 3204 ft., [APH _ 1478, 30 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; Death Valley National Park, ~ 7.5 miles S Hwy- 190 on Dante's View Rd, 36.267976 - 116.665576 1, 3242 ft., [APH _ 1479, 30 / 7 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; Nevada: Nye: Rock Valley Wash, off Hwy- 95, 36.622963 - 116.309464 1, 2784 ft., [APH _ 1549, 24 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Rock Valley, 36.632732 - 116.313933 5, 2884 ft., [AUMS _ 2637, 20 / 10 / 1972, 1 ♀, E. L. Sleeper, AUMNH]; Mercury, 36.66051 - 115.994475 5, 3796 ft., [APH _ 2725 - 1, 6 / 9 / 1960, 2 ♀, 14 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; Nevada Testing Site, 37.025579 - 116.023865 6, 3990 ft., [APH _ 2725 - 2, 1 / 10 / 1959, 3 ♂, JRM, AMNH]; [APH _ 2727, 29 / 6 / 1961, 3 ♀, 15 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2727 - 2, 8 / 1961, 1 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2730, 16 / 8 / 1964, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Nros Rd., 20 miles W of Mercury, 36.66182 - 116.368 5, 2744 ft., [AUMS _ 2638, 3 / 11 / 1972, 1 ♂, C. S. L., AUMNH]; 10 miles W of Mercury, Mercury Valley, 36.691928 - 116.174483 5, 3470 ft., [AUMS _ 3267 & 3267 - 2, 3 / 11 / 1972, 2 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
EED103990C39C972501395E6335AE4E8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, the Santa Catalina Mountains near Tucson, Arizona, where this new species appears to be endemic.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
EED103990C39C972501395E6335AE4E8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma catalina (Fig. 25) is a member of the Marxi species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma catalina as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as a sister lineage to Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n. (a species endemic to the Chiricahua Mountains). The significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma catalina from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is F 1. Male Aphonopelma catalina can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 / A 3 (≥ 2.25; 2.25 - 2.49) than Aphonopelma chiricahua (≤ 1.86; 1.55 - 1.86), Aphonopelma madera sp. n. (≤ 2.14; 2.02 - 2.14), Aphonopelma parvum sp. n. (≤ 1.98; 1.79 - 1.98), Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (≤ 2.23; 1.86 - 2.23), Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n. (1.96 + / - (only 1 specimen )), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≤ 2.17; 1.71 - 2.17). Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma catalina from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and M 3. Female Aphonopelma catalina can be distinguished by possessing a larger M 3 / A 4 (≥ 1.07; 1.07 - 1.10) than Aphonopelma chiricahua (0.80 + / - (only 1 specimen )), Aphonopelma madera (≤ 1.07; 0.96 - 1.07), Aphonopelma parvum (≤ 0.92; 0.86 - 0.92), and Aphonopelma saguaro (0.92 + / - (only 1 specimen )), but smaller than Aphonopelma peloncillo (≥ 1.11; 1.11 - 1.23); and by possessing a smaller Cl / F 4 (≤ 1.18; 1.17 - 1.18) than Aphonopelma chiricahua (1.21 + / - (only 1 specimen )), Aphonopelma madera (≥ 1.20; 1.20 - 1.27), Aphonopelma peloncillo (≥ 1.22; 1.22 - 1.34), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 1.23; 1.23 - 1.37).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
EED103990C39C972501395E6335AE4E8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Pima: Coronado National Forest, along Bug Spring Trail, 32.34544 - 110.71602 4, 5255 ft., [APH _ 0454, 28 / 12 / 2008, 1 ♂, Paul E. Marek, Charity Hall, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1438, 11 / 12 / 2011, 1 ♂, Jillian Cowles, Bill Savary, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1439 - 1440, 17 / 12 / 2011, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH & AMNH]; [APH _ 1602, 9 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH];. 5 miles W of Catalina Hwy, 2 miles N of Molino Basin, Santa Catalina Mtns, 32.336526 - 110.718179 4, 4886 ft., [AUMS _ 2615, 15 / 9 / 1974, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
B44C33C69D5A482640D5AE70D306D0C8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma chalcodes (Fig. 30) is a member of the iodius species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma chalcodes as a strongly supported lineage that is sister to the rest of the iodius species group (Aphonopelma eutylenum, Aphonopelma iodius, and Aphonopelma johnnycashi sp. n.) (Fig. 8). Aside from distribution, there are no pronounced measurements or characters that help discriminate Aphonopelma chalcodes from the phenotypically similar species in the iodius species group. Females and non-mature males of Aphonopelma chalcodes can easily be differentiated from Aphonopelma catalina sp. n., Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n., Aphonopelma madera sp. n., Aphonopelma marxi, and Aphonopelma vorhiesi by possessing a more lightly colored carapace (the other species are generally black or dark brown). Males and females of Aphonopelma chalcodes can easily be differentiated from syntopic members of the paloma species group (mareki sp. n., paloma, parvum sp. n., prenticei sp. n., saguaro sp. n., and superstitionense sp. n.) by their greater extent of metatarsal scopulation on legs III and IV and their much larger size. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma chalcodes from its syntopic species are M 3 and extent of metatarsus IV scopulation. Male Aphonopelma chalcodes can be distinguished by possessing a larger PTl / M 3 (≥ 0.65; 0.65 - 0.76) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.64; 0.58 - 0.64); by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (42 % - 74 %) than Aphonopelma catalina (22 % - 36 %), Aphonopelma chiricahua (33 % - 40 %), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (20 % - 36 %); and by possessing a smaller F 1 / M 3 (≤ 1.31; 1.13 - 1.31) than Aphonopelma catalina (≥ 1.57; 1.57 - 1.68), Aphonopelma chiricahua (≥ 1.40; 1.40 - 1.75), Aphonopelma madera (≥ 1.51; 1.51 - 1.69), Aphonopelma marxi (≥ 1.58; 1.58 - 1.87), and Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (≥ 1.33; 1.33 - 1.49). The most significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma chalcodes from its syntopic species is extent of metatarsus IV scopulation. Female Aphonopelma chalcodes can be distinguished by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (56 % - 81 %) than Aphonopelma catalina (37 % - 46 %), Aphonopelma chiricahua (27 % + / - (only 1 specimen )), Aphonopelma gabeli (39 % - 53 %), Aphonopelma madera (29 % - 35 %), Aphonopelma marxi (33 % - 51 %), Aphonopelma peloncillo (32 % - 39 %), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (29 % - 37 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
B44C33C69D5A482640D5AE70D306D0C8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: 0.6 miles E of Portal, 31.913718 - 109.130089 4, 4700 ft., [AUMS _ 2676, 28 / 3 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 1.4 miles NW Portal Rd on FR 42 B (San Simon Rd); 31.926949 - 109.169118 1, 5126 ft., [APH _ 1229, 7 / 8 / 10, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; 10 miles east of Dos Cabezas, 31.93051 - 109.794753 5, 4281 ft., [APH _ 2062, 4 / 8 / 71, 1 ♂, A. Jung, AMNH]; 2.4 miles NW Portal Rd on FR 42 B (San Simon Rd); 31.932782 - 109.183094 1, 5293 ft., [APH _ 1230, 7 / 8 / 10, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; 2.6 miles NW Airport Rd on Muleshoe Ranch Rd, 32.259698 - 110.103465 1, 4967 ft., [APH _ 0710, 19 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 5 miles north of Douglas, 31.427339 - 109.545202 5, 4163 ft., [APH _ 2069, 18 / 8 / 1964, 2 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; 5 miles south of Apache, 31.631987 - 109.093064 5, 4528 ft., [APH _ 2074, 22 / 7 / 1964, 2 ♂, W. J. Gertsch and J. A. Woods, AMNH]; 5.1 miles NW AZ / NM state line on Portal Rd, 31.91264458 - 109.1192604 2, 4620 ft., [APH _ 0386, 31 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Airport Rd, W of Wilcox, 32.23908 - 109.975427 1, 4424 ft., [APH _ 0709, 19 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Montezuma Canyon Rd, 31.385646 - 110.406385 1, 5650 ft., [APH _ 1485, 2 / 8 / 12, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; along Ramsey Canyon Rd, 31.460005 - 110.295399 1, 5171 ft., [APH _ 1225, 6 / 8 / 10, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; Benson, 31.967008 - 110.29502 5, 3589 ft., [APH _ 2579, 8 / 1 / 54, 1 ♂, George Bredt, AMNH]; Cochise Cemetery (along Hwy- 191); 32.093827 - 109.910145 1, 4180 ft., [APH _ 0619 - 621, 11 / 7 / 09, 2 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Courtland Rd, near Jct. Ghost Town Trail, 31.758972 - 109.796338 1, 4596 ft., [APH _ 0715, 20 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Oro Rd, just NE of Hwy- 80, 31.402388 - 109.773026 1, 4277 ft., [APH _ 0686, 17 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Portal, 31.913703 - 109.14145 5, 4770 ft., [APH _ 2057, 22 / 7 / 1976, 1 ♀, Mark Russel, AMNH]; [APH _ 2058, 1 / 9 / 64, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2060, 7 / 1 / 67, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2066, 27 / 8 / 1970, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Chamberlin, AMNH]; [APH _ 2067 - 2068, 10 / 7 / 68, 2 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2078, 8 / 1 / 65, 1 ♀, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; Rucker Canyon Rd, 31.784784 - 109.557742 1, 4575 ft., [APH _ 0713 - 0714, 20 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; S of Sierra Vista at mouth of Ramsey Canyon, 31.463612 - 110.291459 5, 5095 ft., [AUMS _ 2396, 14 / 7 / 1993, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AUMNH]; Sulphur Canyon, near Portal, 31.892604 - 109.167082 5, 5860 ft., [APH _ 2059, 26 / 7 / 1955, 1 ♀, Guy Miller, AMNH]; Truman Rd, just off Hwy- 82, 31.700137 - 110.296948 1, 4242 ft., [APH _ 0687 - 0690, 17 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Coconino: Flagstaff, 35.200524 - 111.639452 6, 6929 ft., [APH _ 2586, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Mayer, just S of Prescott, 34.395374 - 112.237457 5, 4488 ft., [AUMS _ 2390, 6 / 20 / 09, 1 ♂, Tom Roberts, AUMNH]; Schnebly Hill Road NE of Sedona, 34.887682 - 111.703022 5, 5810 ft., [APH _ 2497, 6 / 8 / 77, 1 ♂, Barbara and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; [APH _ 2483, 6 / 8 / 77, 1 ♂, Barbara and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Gila: 0.55 miles N Strawberry on Hwy- 87, 34.41409752 - 111.4912396 4, 6046 ft., [APH _ 0388, 2 / 8 / 08, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.75 miles E AZ- 87 on Control Rd, 34.360317 - 111.41347 1, 5555 ft., [APH _ 0505 - 0508, 20 / 5 / 2009, 2 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 1.1 miles NW AZ- 87 on Barnhardt Trail Rd (FR 419); 34.09815 - 111.36165 2, 3200 ft., [APH _ 0344, 10 / 5 / 08, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; 1.4 miles E US- 87 on Conrol Rd, 34.35949 - 111.40302 2, 5430 ft., [APH _ 0346, 10 / 5 / 08, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; 10 miles NW of Globe, 33.527502 - 110.694934 5, 4337 ft., [APH _ 2064, 10 / 9 / 62, 1 ♂, Roth and Roth, AMNH]; 8 miles S of Young-dirt road Hwy 288, 33.997859 - 110.953748 5, 6170 ft., [AUMS _ 2319, 6 / 8 / 92, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; along Control Rd, east of Hwy- 87, 34.3602 - 111.415521 1, 5855 ft., [APH _ 1531 - 1532, 4 / 10 / 12, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Along Houston-Mesa Rd, 34.29263192 - 111.2868479 4, 5168 ft., [APH _ 0387, 2 / 8 / 08, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Apache Trail, 33.532562 - 110.92045 6, 3711 ft., [APH _ 2456, 25 / 3 / 1936, 1 ♂, Edith M. Patel, AMNH]; Mazatzal Mountains, Tonto National Forest, El Oso Rd, 33.74139 - 111.35831 1, 5900 ft., [APH _ 0191, 6 / 9 / 07, 1 ♀, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; Payson,. 41 miles E of Nf- 200, 34.203644 - 110.980578 1, 5297 ft., [APH _ 3127, 9 / 8 / 13, 1 ♂, Tyler P. McKee, AUMNH]; Salt River Canyon, 33.619952 - 110.921017 5, 2503 ft., [APH _ 2065, 6 / 1 / 56, 1 ♂, W. D. Allison, AMNH]; Tonto National Forest, near jct. FR- 449 off Hwy- 188, 33.61465 - 111.034975 1, 2474 ft., [APH _ 1301 - 1303, 26 / 7 / 2011, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Graham: 11.2 miles W Hwy- 191 on Hwy- 266, 32.582263 - 109.852113 1, 5592 ft., [APH _ 1235, 8 / 8 / 10, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; 3.6 miles SW Hwy- 191 along Swift Trail (Hwy- 366); 32.6896 - 109.754556 1, 3950 ft., [APH _ 1509, 7 / 9 / 12, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along Ash Creek Rd, 32.51432 - 110.077472 1, 4450 ft., [APH _ 1234, 8 / 8 / 10, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along High Creek Rd, 32.570316 - 110.048141 1, 4557 ft., [APH _ 1232, 8 / 8 / 10, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along Sunset Loop Rd, 32.512166 - 110.159031 1, 4747 ft., [APH _ 1233, 8 / 8 / 10, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; Bonita-Klondyke Rd, W of Bonita, 32.600171 - 109.983213 1, 4571 ft., [APH _ 0695 - 0697, 18 / 7 / 2009, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; crossing Sunset Rd, 32.506667 - 110.180056 1, 4711 ft., [APH _ 0391, 24 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Kari, Hunter McWest, AUMNH]; Lower Canyon of Mount Graham, 32.64023 - 109.931671 6, 5281 ft., [APH _ 2071, 15 / 7 / 1956, 1 ♂, V. Roth and W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2583, 15 / 7 / 1956, 1 ♂, W. Gertsch and V. Roth, AMNH]; W Ash Creek Rd, 32.513833 - 110.05858 1, 4420 ft., [APH _ 0392, 24 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Kari, Hunter McWest, AUMNH]; Greenlee: 14 miles west of Clifton, 33.06165 - 109.44632 5, 3921 ft., [APH _ 2493, 28 / 7 / 1962, 2 ♂, G. Bradt, AMNH]; Groom: Bradshaw Mountains near Prescott in pine forest, 34.385392 - 112.368863 6, 6440 ft., [APH _ 2486, 15 / 9 / 1964, 1 ♂, Lowe, Soule, Wright, AMNH]; La Paz: 6.9 miles N US- 60 on Alamo Rd (near Base of Harcuvar Mtns N of Wenden); 33.92479 - 113.54419 1, 2285 ft., [APH _ 0340 - 0341, 9 / 5 / 08, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Alano Road, 34.08542 - 113.5515 4, 1982 ft., [APH _ 0038, 12 / 8 / 06, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Bill Williams River NWA, E of Parker Dam (Buckskin Mtns); 34.29172 - 114.08915 1, 560 ft., [APH _ 1003, 8 / 5 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; S of Hwy- 72 on Bouse-Quartzsite Rd, 33.86255 - 114.02868 1, 1130 ft., [APH _ 0450, 17 / 11 / 2008, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0451, 30 / 11 / 2008, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Maricopa: Palomas Plain, 2.5 miles N of Sentinel, 32.886722 - 113.238144 5, 667 ft., [AUMS _ 2604, 11 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Palomas Plain, 3 miles N of Sentinel, 32.90163 - 113.212893 5, 662 ft., [AUMS _ 2647, 22 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Rio Verde, 1 mile S of Forest Rd and Rio Verde Dr. jct, off Forest Rd, 33.727441 - 111.670456 4, 1586 ft., [AUMS _ 2673, 13 / 5 / 1991, 1 ♀, Chris Baptista, AUMNH]; Sentinel, 1.5 miles N of I- 8, 32.879995 - 113.223031 5, 663 ft., [AUMS _ 2620, 7 / 1 / 92, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; 1.35 miles N McDowell Rd on Usery Pass Rd, 33.480479 - 111.624831 1, 1989 ft., [APH _ 1497, 5 / 9 / 12, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 3.0 miles N I- 8 (Sentinel) on Agua Caliente Rd, 32.890757 - 113.24223 1, 656 ft., [APH _ 0428, 16 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 4.65 miles N I- 8 (Sentinel) on Agua Caliente Rd, 32.90721 - 113.262703 1, 592 ft., [APH _ 0429, 16 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; about 9 - 10 miles E AZ- 87 on NF- 143, 33.7285 - 111.43288 4, 3719 ft., [APH _ 0134, 15 / 6 / 2007, 1 ♀, Austin Spears, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0135, 15 / 6 / 2007, 1 juv, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; along Apache Trail, 33.606639 - 111.19778 1, 2372 ft., [APH _ 1492 - 1496, 4 / 9 / 12, 4 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1502 - 1505, 6 / 9 / 12, 2 ♀, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; east of Tortilla Flat off of Hwy 88, 33.5336 - 111.37225 1, 1376 ft., [APH _ 0954, 6 / 8 / 14, 1 ♂, Ben Allen, AUMNH]; in the Tonto National Forest, off Road 78 that splits from Apache Trail (88); E of Apache Junction, 33.4701 - 111.47296 1, 2082 ft., [APH _ 3199, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Mazatzal Mountains, Four Peaks, Cline Cabin Rd. / F. R. 143, 33.71667 - 111.45509 4, 3080 ft., [APH _ 0298, 6 / 10 / 07, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Mesa, 33.414255 - 111.831101 5, 1220 ft., [APH _ 2591, unknown, 1 ♂, Michael Soleglad, AMNH]; [APH _ 2595, unknown, 1 ♂, Michael Soleglad, AMNH]; N of Gila Bend along Hwy- 85, 0.6 miles E of Hwy, 33.043715 - 112.633476 1, 807 ft., [APH _ 0419, 15 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; N side of Cline Cabin Rd, 33.72875 - 111.43244 4, 3750 ft., [APH _ 0360, 17 / 4 / 2008, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Palomas Plain, Sentinel, 32.861687 - 113.21082 5, 683 ft., [AUMS _ 2323, 18 / 7 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Phoenix, Usery Pass Rd off N Bush Hwy, 33.5468 - 111.645 1, 1346 ft., [APH _ 0887, 6 / 8 / 14, 1 ♀, Ben Allen, AUMNH]; Phoe nix, 33.460362 - 112.039455 6, 1119 ft., [APH _ 2075, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; South Mountain Park, 33.35257 - 112.072563 6, 1332 ft., [APH _ 2501, 21 / 11 / 1965, 1 ♂, S. C. Williams, AMNH]; South of Geronimo Head Mountain, 33.498275 - 111.387253 6, 2933 ft., [APH _ 2070, 21 / 12 / 1963, 1 ♂, Chamberlin, AMNH]; Sunflower, Sycamore Creek Rd., 33.88512 - 111.47874 4, 3526 ft., [APH _ 0300 - 301, 6 / 10 / 07, 2 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; E / NE of Pyramid Peak, E of New River Rd., 33.921335 - 112.101997 5, 2184 ft., [AUMS _ 2631, 18 / 11 / 2003, 1 ♂, C. Shipley, AUMNH]; New River, 33.915059 - 112.136776 5, 2022 ft., [AUMS _ 2687, 8 / 1 / 98, 1 ♂, Tom Roberts, AUMNH]; 6 miles N AZ- 74 on New River Rd (near Lake Pleasant); 33.86502 - 112.18967 1, 1799 ft., [APH _ 0007, 5 / 10 / 01, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Darrin Vernier, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0046, 5 / 10 / 01, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Darrin Vernier, AUMNH]; 6.0 miles N AZ- 74 on New River Rd (near Lake Pleasant); 33.86307 - 112.19106 1, 1773 ft., [APH _ 0127 - 0130, 13 / 6 / 2007, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0142 - 0143, 13 / 6 / 2007, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 6.6 miles W jct. US- 93 on US- 60, 33.956369 - 112.840469 1, 2582 ft., [APH _ 0498 - 0501, 18 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; New River, ~ 0.5 miles W I- 17 on AZ- 74, 33.79765 - 112.14307 4, 1655 ft., [APH _ 0164 - 0165, unknown, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Brandon Anderson, AUMNH]; Wickenburg, about 2.84 miles south of Interstate 60, 33.922158 - 112.903511 1, 2700 ft., [APH _ 3128, 1 / 9 / 13, 1 ♀, Tyler P. McKee, AUMNH]; Maricopa / Yavapai: between Prescott and Phoenix, 34.052118 - 112.147482 7, 2047 ft., [APH _ 2076, 31 / 12 / 1933, 1 ♂, McCanly, AMNH]; Mohave: 0.9 miles S I- 40 on Hwy- 93, 35.14879 - 113.689479 1, 3646 ft., [APH _ 1221 - 1222, 2 / 8 / 10, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 7.4 miles NE Hwy- 93 on CR- 25 in Dolan Springs, 35.60418 - 114.253563 1, 3638 ft., [APH _ 1309, 28 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Bullhead City, ~ 2 miles S Hwy- 68, 35.16973 - 114.53414 4, 1003 ft., [APH _ 0048, 22 / 8 / 2001, 1 ♀, Tom and Tracy Vezie, AUMNH]; Cool Spring on Oatman Rd, off Rt. 66 (Black Mtns); 35.02957 - 114.31629 1, 2772 ft., [APH _ 0999 - 1001, 6 / 5 / 10, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Rick West, AUMNH]; just N I- 40 on Silver Springs Rd, 35.161716 - 113.564676 1, 3927 ft., [APH _ 1305, 28 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; NW of Oatman on Rt. 10, 35.07184 - 114.43861 1, 2191 ft., [APH _ 0310 - 0312, 11 / 10 / 07, 3 ♂, Rick C. West, AUMNH]; Oatman Rd., Black Mountains, 35.009671 - 114.389097 6, 2420 ft., [AUMS _ 2682, 27 / 3 / 1988, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Oatman, N of town off Rt. 66 (Black Mtns); 35.03484 - 114.39156 1, 2772 ft., [APH _ 1002, 7 / 5 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Navajo: Hwy 60 (77); N of Carrizo, mile marker 324, 34.070957 - 110.193557 5, 5609 ft., [AUMS _ 2477, 31 / 8 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pima: 0.18 miles S Hwy- 86 on Hwy- 386, 32.02419162 - 111.5769608 2, 3251 ft., [APH _ 0739, 23 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.2 miles W SR- 83 on Sahuarita Rd, 31.963159 - 110.675585 1, 3679 ft., [APH _ 0616, 9 / 7 / 09, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 0.75 miles S Ball Rd in Why along Hwy- 85, 32.252063 - 112.7449 1, 1787 ft., [APH _ 0425, 15 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrix son, AUMNH]; 1.02 miles S Hwy- 86 on Hwy- 386, 32.01220214 - 111.5747721 2, 3372 ft., [APH _ 0738, 23 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 1.75 miles N Sahuarita Rd on Houghton Rd, 31.987937 - 110.772369 1, 3201 ft., [APH _ 0617, 9 / 7 / 09, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 10560 E Wildfire Drive, Tucson, 32.2213 - 110.76858 2, 2757 ft., [APH _ 0014, 8 / 2 / 14, 1 ♂, Alex Binford, AUMNH]; 2 miles N AZ- 86 (W Ajo Hwy) on Sandario Rd, near jct. with Dusty Mesquite Trail, 32.14446246 - 111.2177859 2, 2350 ft., [APH _ 0370, 24 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 5 miles west on St. 289 from Jef. 289 and US 89 - north of Nogales, 31.426474 - 111.008278 5, 3665 ft., [APH _ 2526, 20 / 7 / 1966, 1 ♂, E. Brown and J. Cole, AMNH]; along Hwy- 86, 32.1992 - 112.43633 5, 1980 ft., [APH _ 0174, 8 / 7 / 14, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0176, 8 / 7 / 14, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0740 - 0742, 23 / 8 / 2009, 3 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 86, W of San Pedro, 32.03889549 - 111.5014244 4, 2943 ft., [APH _ 0737, 22 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; along Kitt Peak Rd, 31.97428845 - 111.604144 4, 4625 ft., [APH _ 0371 - 0372, 24 / 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0374 - 0375, 25 / 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; along Madera Canyon Rd, 31.836971 - 110.946796 1, 3083 ft., [APH _ 1344 - 1345, 4 / 8 / 11, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; along SR- 83, 31.896859 - 110.665638 1, 4045 ft., [APH _ 0611 - 0615, 9 / 7 / 09, 5 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; AZ- 86, 0.06 miles SW jct Indian Rt 30, 31.99315318 - 111.7053503 2, 2924 ft., [APH _ 0373, 25 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Batamote Rd, 31.729183 - 111.161558 1, 3387 ft., [APH _ 0610, 9 / 7 / 09, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Bates Well Rd., 2 miles N of OPCN monument (Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument); 32.226852 - 112.890815 5, 1545 ft., [AUMS _ 3329, 10 / 9 / 90, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle and G. Lowe, AUMNH]; Catalina Mountains, Bug Spring Trail, 32.341135 - 110.714921 1, 3624 ft., [APH _ 0603 - 0604, 9 / 7 / 09, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, Paul Marek, Charity Hall, AUMNH]; Catalina State Park, campground, 32.4238 - 110.9233 2, 2700 ft., [APH _ 1487, 2 / 8 / 12, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; Catalina State Park, trailhead parking lot and nature trail, 32.425002 - 110.909336 1, 2635 ft., [APH _ 0598 - 0600, 8 / 7 / 09, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0602, 8 / 7 / 09, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Fish Canyon Rd, 31.742778 - 110.707871 1, 4888 ft., [APH _ 0691 - 0693, 17 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; NFWL Campsite, Cabeza Prieta Game Refuge, 32.232313 - 113.608052 5, 932 ft., [APH _ 2585, 7 / 1 / 76, 1 ♀, B. Woodward and R. Jones, AMNH]; Organ Pipe National Monument, 32.016369 - 112.858922 5, 1988 ft., [APH _ 2498, 5 / 22 / 09, 1 ♂, Vogt, AMNH]; Quail Creek-Veterans Municipal Park, 31.898272 - 110.964712 1, 2794 ft., [APH _ 0605 - 0609, 9 / 7 / 09, 5 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Redington, 32.42157 - 110.5037 5, 2890 ft., [APH _ 2072, 25 / 5 / 1970, 1 ♀, Mary Smallhouse, AMNH]; Sabino Canyon, Tucson, 32.315852 - 110.81935 5, 2782 ft., [APH _ 2474, 11 / 9 / 35, 1 ♂, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; [APH _ 2588, 9 / 1 / 35, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Saguaro National Park, eastern portion of park, off Cactus Forest Loop Dr. at Cactus Forest south hiking trail, 32.171204 - 110.730429 1, 3061 ft., [APH _ 3174 - 3175, 12 / 11 / 13, 1 ♂, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; San Vicente, 33.336256 - 111.831893 5, 1220 ft., [APH _ 2061, 19 / 8 / 1957, 2 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Santa Catalina Mountains, 32.44193 - 110.860732 6, 3806 ft., [APH _ 2073, 8 / 7 / 16, 1 ♂, T. E. Luty, AMNH]; Santa Catalina Mountains, Catalina Hwy, 32.337262 - 110.6959 5, 4501 ft., [AUMS _ 3282, 26 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; SE of Ajo, mile marker 46, 32.357132 - 112.826569 5, 1710 ft., [AUMS _ 2605, 27 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; SW of Ajo, Little Ajo Mountain, Darby Well Road, 32.35451 - 112.886495 4, 2090 ft., [APH _ 0309, 15 / 10 / 2005, 1 ♂, Lennart Pettersson, Dave Kandiyeli, Sheri Monk, AUMNH]; Tucson, 32.221743 - 110.926479 6, 2470 ft., [APH _ 2088, 27 / 7 / 1936, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2089, 7 / 1 / 35, 1 ♀, P. Stichler, AMNH]; [APH _ 2063, 23 / 8 / 1973, 1 ♂, A. Jung, AMNH]; [APH _ 2205, 9 / 1 / 35, 1 ♂, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; Tucson area, near Catalina State Park, N side of Tangerine Rd and E of Tangerine Crossing, E of Marana, 32.424545 - 111.03393 1, 2731 ft., [APH _ 3173, 12 / 11 / 13, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Ajo, SE on Hwy 85, 32.35653 - 112.826776 5, 1711 ft., [AUMS _ 2384, 27 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; near Sahuarita off I 19 (Hwy 89); 32.002043 - 110.981937 5, 2702 ft., [AUMS _ 2324, 15 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Barney Tomberlin, AUMNH]; Papago Indian Reservation, Hwy 86, 7.2 miles W of Indian Rte 15, 32.176101 - 112.232872 4, 2418 ft., [AUMS _ 2382, 18 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinal: 0.1 miles S Apache Trail on Mountain View Rd, 33.445508 - 111.502834 1, 1935 ft., [APH _ 0503, 19 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 1.5 miles S US- 60 on Mineral Mountain Rd, 33.242909 - 111.270678 1, 2067 ft., [APH _ 0502, 19 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 2.4 miles E Hwy- 79 on Cottonwood Canyon Rd, 33.187604 - 111.313416 1, 1901 ft., [APH _ 1304, 26 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 3.4 miles SE AZ- 77 on SR- 76, near San Manuel, 32.628709 - 110.648951 1, 3392 ft., [APH _ 0596, 8 / 7 / 09, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 7 miles south of Oracle-Santa Catalina Mountains, 32.531565 - 110.773332 5, 4678 ft., [APH _ 2529, 25 / 7 / 1949, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; in desert NW jct of Hwy- 8 4 and Amarillo Valley Rd (3.2 miles NW I- 8); 32.856009 - 112.085251 1, 1517 ft., [APH _ 0420, 15 / 11 / 2008, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Paul Marek, Charity Hall, Kojun, AUMNH]; near Cogburn Ostrich Ranch, 32.64396 - 111.39235 4, 1840 ft., [APH _ 0369, 5 / 4 / 08, 1 juv, Shasta Michaels, AUMNH]; off Florence-Kelvin Hwy, BLM land E of Florence, 32.99965 - 111.26476 1, 1970 ft., [APH _ 3196, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79 around 1 / 2 way between 77 split and Florence at Tom Mix Rest Area, 32.82084 - 111.20621 1, 2333 ft., [APH _ 3192, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79 around 1 / 2 way between 77 split and Florence at Tom Mix Rest Area, 32.820504 - 111.20632 1, 2370 ft., [APH _ 3193, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; OHV trail area, near Kearny, 33.065521 - 110.888678 1, 2163 ft., [APH _ 0595, 8 / 7 / 09, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Oracle, 32.610602 - 110.771115 5, 4537 ft., [APH _ 2593, 11 / 7 / 40, 1 ♂, Gertsch and Hook, AMNH]; Picacho, just off Camino Adelante Dr, 32.71453 - 111.4975 2, 1612 ft., [APH _ 0716, 7 / 9 / 14, 1 ♀, Warren Burke, AUMNH]; Robert Engstrom's property, 0.2 miles S East Cactus Forest Rd on North Coolidge Airport Rd, 32.97029 - 111.42175 2, 1541 ft., [APH _ 0198, 14 / 6 / 2007, 1 ♂, Robert Engstrom, AUMNH]; Superior, Boyce Thompson Arboretum, 33.279265 - 111.160952 2, 2440 ft., [APH _ 1370, 3 / 9 / 11, 1 ♂, Benjamin Curtis, Mason McWest, AUMNH]; W of Chuck's Corner off S. Amarillo Valley Rd, off Hwy 84, N of I- 8, 32.8572 - 112.08641 1, 1517 ft., [APH _ 3167, 11 / 11 / 13, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3169, 11 / 11 / 13, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Santa Cruz: 0.65 miles W Mount Hopkins Rd on Forest Service Rd 184, 31.69646 - 111.00164 2, 3512 ft., [APH _ 0175, 8 / 7 / 14, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.95 miles W Mount Hopkins Rd on Forest Service Rd 184, 31.69671 - 111.00641 2, 3497 ft., [APH _ 0173, 8 / 7 / 14, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; along Duquesne Rd, 31.363711 - 110.792456 1, 4146 ft., [APH _ 1340, 4 / 8 / 11, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; along Duquesne Rd (FR- 61]; 31.347952 - 110.509098 1, 5057 ft., [APH _ 1339, 4 / 8 / 11, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; along FR- 61, 31.34832 - 110.508551 1, 5088 ft., [APH _ 1224, 6 / 8 / 10, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along Montosa Canyon Rd (FR- 184); 31.701063 - 111.039066 1, 3181 ft., [APH _ 1341, 4 / 8 / 11, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Along Mt Hopkins Rd, 31.67354048 - 110.9229983 4, 5047 ft., [APH _ 0383 - 0384, 28 / 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0730, 20 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Along Ruby Rd, 31.43198526 - 111.188291 4, 4018 ft., [APH _ 0376, 26 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0377 - 0379, 27 / 7 / 2008, 3 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0380 - 0381, 28 / 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Coronado National Forest, along FR- 61, 31.343749 - 110.485365 1, 5083 ft., [APH _ 1195 - 1196, 28 / 7 / 2010, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Coronado National Forest, Pena Blanca Lake, Hwy 289, 31.39225 - 111.13153 1, 4290 ft., [APH _ 0193, 5 / 9 / 07, 1 ♂, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; Harshaw Rd, 31.531637 - 110.718517 4, 4187 ft., [APH _ 0389, unknown, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0694, 17 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Oro Blanco Mountains- 12 miles from Nogales, 31.333796 - 111.023962 5, 4472 ft., [APH _ 2492, 7 / 1 / 37, 3 ♂, Steckler, AMNH]; Ruby Road, 31.3948 - 111.13614 4, 4487 ft., [APH _ 0037, 6 / 8 / 06, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Ruby Road near Pena Lake, 31.400702 - 111.090398 5, 3871 ft., [APH _ 2487, 19 / 7 / 1962, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Ruby Road- 10 miles northwest of Nogales, 31.402097 - 111.027724 5, 3865 ft., [APH _ 2505, 8 / 1 / 62, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; Yavapai: 0.2 miles E I- 17 on Dugas Rd, 34.39945 - 112.07044 1, 3800 ft., [APH _ 0131 - 0132, 13 / 6 / 2007, 1 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 0.8 miles E I- 17, 0.9 miles S Stoneman Lake Road [near Exit 306]; 34.76055 - 111.64488 1, 5472 ft., [APH _ 0049, 3 / 10 / 01, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Darrin Vernier, AUMNH]; 3.4 miles SE AZ- 71 on US- 93, 34.09027 - 112.90285 1, 2717 ft., [APH _ 0133, 15 / 6 / 2007, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Shasta Michaels, AUM NH]; Beaver Creek Trail at trailhead, 40.4 miles S of jct I- 40 and I- 17 on 17, 34.674376 - 111.713738 5, 3875 ft., [AUMS _ 2339, 31 / 3 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Creek, E of I- 17, E of interstate, N of Hwy 260, 34.671522 - 111.724763 5, 3920 ft., [AUMS _ 3264, 31 / 3 / 1990, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Black Canyon City, 0.85 miles E I- 17 on South Mud Springs Rd, 34.073 - 112.13204 4, 2044 ft., [APH _ 0168 - 0170, unknown, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Brandon Anderson, AUMNH]; Bumble Bee Ranch Rd. (Bumble Bee, AZ Ghost Town off Co. Rd. 59); 34.152931 - 112.156127 5, 2640 ft., [AUMS _ 2325, 10 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Bumblebee Ranch Rd (Crown King Rd); 1.5 miles E of Crown King, 34.217448 - 112.307279 5, 5477 ft., [AUMS _ 2692, 30 / 8 / 1990, 2 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Bumblebee Ranch Road, 34.227934 - 112.154007 5, 2800 ft., [AUMS _ 2383, 30 / 8 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2320, 11 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2338, 12 / 8 / 90, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3272, 16 / 8 / 1994, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3324, 11 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3339, 10 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2379, 16 / 8 / 1994, 1 ♂, Enza Prentice, AUMNH]; Constellation, 34.064896 - 112.585608 5, 3446 ft., [AUMS _ 2366, 8 / 1 / 91, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Cordes Lake Development, Cordes jct, SE of Mayer, 34.307807 - 112.103491 5, 3701 ft., [AUMS _ 3342, 21 / 8 / 1998, 1 ♂, Stephen Roy, AUMNH]; Dugas Road, approx. 2.0 miles W I- 17 on Orme Ranch Road, 34.42758 - 112.07979 4, 3914 ft., [APH _ 0013, 24 / 3 / 2002, 1 ♂, John Bell, AUMNH]; N of Village of Oak Creek, Courthouse Butte / Big Park Trail, 34.79569 - 111.758817 1, 4233 ft., [APH _ 1543, 22 / 10 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; near Deer Pass Crossing on Oak Creek about 8 miles southeast Sedona, 34.838954 - 111.721245 5, 6411 ft., [APH _ 2485, 15 / 6 / 1977, 1 ♂, M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Prescott, 34.53923 - 112.468695 5, 5387 ft., [APH _ 2504, 28 / 7 / 1948, 1 ♂, C. and P. Vaurie, AMNH]; Yarnell, 34.221331 - 112.747488 5, 4806 ft., [APH _ 2587, 4 / 9 / 61, 1 ♂, Roth and Roth, AMNH]; Yuma: Rd. 36 E off I- 8, S side of I- 8, E field, 32.679615 - 114.015636 5, 358 ft., [AUMS _ 2362, 12 / 8 / 90, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Rd. 36 E, south, W side of rd., 32.645663 - 114.02637 5, 449 ft., [AUMS _ 2363, 16 / 11 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Hidalgo: Rodeo, 31.835372 - 109.03117 5, 4131 ft., [APH _ 2090, 20 / 1 / 1969, 1 ♀, V. Roth, AMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
075881D0D8F9D96B0D63D61565B38B7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, the Chiricahua Mountains outside of Portal, Arizona, where this new species appears to be endemic.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
075881D0D8F9D96B0D63D61565B38B7A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma chiricahua (Fig. 36) is a member of the Marxi species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma chiricahua as a phylogenetically distinct lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as a sister lineage to Aphonopelma catalina sp. n. (a species endemic to the Santa Catalina Mountains). The significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma chiricahua from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is A 3. Male Aphonopelma chiricahua can be distinguished by possessing a larger A 3 / M 4 (≥ 0.65; 0.65 - 0.72) than Aphonopelma catalina (≤ 0.52; 0.47 - 0.52), Aphonopelma madera sp. n. (≤ 0.60; 0.54 - 0.60), Aphonopelma parvum sp. n. (≤ 0.64; 0.53 - 0.64), Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (≤ 0.58; 0.45 - 0.58), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≤ 0.57; 0.46 - 0.57). The significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma chiricahua from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is P 1. Female Aphonopelma chiricahua can be distinguished by possessing a smaller Cl / P 1 (2.21 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma catalina (≥ 2.75; 2.75 - 2.94), Aphonopelma madera (≥ 2.71; 2.71 - 3.01), Aphonopelma parvum (≥ 2.69; 2.69 - 3.04), Aphonopelma peloncillo (≥ 2.71; 2.71 - 3.02), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 2.59; 2.59 - 2.88).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
075881D0D8F9D96B0D63D61565B38B7A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: SWRS (5 miles W of Portal), 31.884056 - 109.208261 5, 5436 ft., [APH _ 2097, 30 / 11 / 1965, 1 ♀, Jon Jenson, AMNH]; Cave Creek Canyon, 31.885338 - 109.175462 5, 5105 ft., [APH _ 2101, 30 / 11 / 1963, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Upper Cave Creek Canyon, 31.900796 - 109.229328 5, 5997 ft., [APH _ 2102, 1966, 1 ♂, Marlene Posedly, AMNH]; South West Research Station, 31.883356 - 109.207107 5, 5404 ft., [APH _ 2105, 31 / 10 / 1956, 1 ♂, E. Ordway, AMNH]; Sunny Flat, 31.884963 - 109.175964 4, 5108 ft., [APH _ 2480 - A, 30 / 10 / 1971, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; South West Research Station-Portal, 31.883372 - 109.205727 5, 5384 ft., [APH _ 2480 - B, 20 / 11 / 1971, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Chiricahua Mtns, 31.903946 - 109.279016 6, 8432 ft., [APH _ 2548, 4 / 11 / 1970, 1 ♂, Rustler and Long Park, Joan Harper, AMNH]; Cave Creek Canyon, on Portal Rd / 42 A (road to SWRS), 1 mile up the road from the lookout trail, 31.886417 - 109.173356 1, 5083 ft., [APH _ 3191, 14 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Helen Snyder, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A11559A638AEAC1BC611DB76B49EA1FB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma eutylenum (Fig. 40) is a member of the iodius species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (CO 1) identifies Aphonopelma eutylenum as a strongly supported phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma iodius and Aphonopelma johnnycashi sp. n. Aside from measurements, no pronounced morphological features are useful for distinguishing Aphonopelma eutylenum from closely related phylogenetic species. Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma eutylenum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are T 3 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma eutylenum can be distinguished by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (62 % - 77 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (21 % - 31 %) and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (34 % - 48 %); and by possessing a smaller T 1 / T 3 (≤ 1.23; 1.16 - 1.23) than Aphonopelma johnnycashi (≥ 1.25; 1.25 - 1.31) and Aphonopelma steindachneri (≥ 1.28; 1.28 - 1.36). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma eutylenum from Aphonopelma chalcodes and Aphonopelma iodius. Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma eutylenum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 1 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma eutylenum can be distinguished by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (62 % - 75 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (24 % - 34 %); and by possessing a smaller F 1 / M 3 (≤ 1.52; 1.41 - 1.52) than Aphonopelma johnnycashi (≥ 1.52; 1.52 - 1.61). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma eutylenum from Aphonopelma chalcodes and Aphonopelma iodius. Females of Aphonopelma xwalxwal are unknown at this time and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A11559A638AEAC1BC611DB76B49EA1FB.taxon	description	Description. Originally described by Chamberlin (1940).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A11559A638AEAC1BC611DB76B49EA1FB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Imperial: 1.5 miles N Gordons Well off of I- 8, 32.7636 - 114.966431 2, 248 ft., [APH _ 0152, unknown, 1 juv, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; E of Brawley, off of Hwy 78, 32.969167 - 115.259444 5, 3 ft., [APH _ 3116, 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; East Mesa, 33.058096 - 115.324147 5, 46 ft., [AUMS _ 3332, 30 / 5 / 1995, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; East Mesa Exit of I- 8, 2.1 miles N of I- 8, 32.73013 - 114.955351 4, 158 ft., [AUMS _ 2358, 26 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, Greg Ballmer, AUMNH]; East Mesa, 1 / 2 mile E of Highline Canal and 3 / 10 mile S of Hwy 78, 32.968133 - 115.290717 1, 37 ft., [APH _ 3211, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; East Mesa, 5.4 miles E of Hwy 115 E of Wander Linder Exit of I- 8, 32.788365 - 115.207479 4, 50 ft., [AUMS _ 3303, 30 / 5 / 1995, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; East Mesa, 5.4 miles E of Hwy 115 E of Wan der Linder Exit, 2.1 miles N, 32.790359 - 115.240569 4, 63 ft., [AUMS _ 3341, 30 / 5 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Hwy 78, 1.0 miles east of Highline Canal, 32.970575 - 115.28374 4, 30 ft., [AUMS _ 2356, - 2357 3 / 11 / 1998, 2 ♂, Greg Ballmer, AUMNH]; Hwy 78, 3.35 miles E of East Highline Canal, N of 78 ~ 0.4 miles, 32.972797 - 115.242665 4, 90 ft., [AUMS _ 2674, unknown, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; off I- 8 split, W of Devils Canyon, W of Ocotillo, 32.67371 - 116.10147 1, 2238 ft., [APH _ 1028 - 1029, 18 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Pinto Wash, 32.708139 - 115.715525 5, 13 ft., [APH _ 2690, 5 / 3 / 1961, 1 ♂, Laurie Breese, AMNH]; 15 miles west of Glamis, 33.008844 - 115.321813 5, - 7 ft., [APH _ 2154, 4 / 10 / 1961, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Findlay E. Russell, AMNH]; Los Angeles: Claremont College - Frary Dining Hall on steps, 34.10018 - 117.710527 4, 1225 ft., [AUMS _ 3308, 11 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♂, Martin Ramirez, AUMNH]; Claremont, Mt. Baldy Rd and Mills Ave, 34.13823 - 117.7072 1, 1660 ft., [APH _ 1087, 8 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Claremont, Thompson Creek Trail, 34.13716 - 117.71389 1, 1582 ft., [APH _ 1088 - 1089, 8 / 10 / 2010, 3 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Dylan Burke, Warren Burke, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2023 - 2027, 8 / 10 / 2010, 5 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Glendora Ridge Rd., Angeles National Forest, 34.221163 - 117.739386 6, 3666 ft., [AUMS _ 2686, 17 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♂, John Adams, AUMNH]; Glendore, 34.136118 - 117.865337 5, 774 ft., [APH _ 2687, 18 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, R. Ayre, AMNH]; Morris Lake, 34.192644 - 117.865749 5, 1207 ft., [APH _ 2711, 8 / 1956, 1 ♂, Gay J. Kay, AMNH]; Palos Verde, 33.768911 - 118.373032 5, 1132 ft., [AUMS _ 2496, unknown, 1 ♂, C. Grover, AUMNH]; Phillips Ranch Rd., N of Freeway, 34.028759 - 117.772093 5, 862 ft., [AUMS _ 2498, 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Dianna Hansen, AUMNH]; Pico Rivera, 33.983069 - 118.096735 5, 163 ft., [AUMS _ 3336, 4 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; San Gabriel Mtns (N of Azusa), 34.2175 - 117.8553 1, 1697 ft., [APH _ 0895, 6 / 2007, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Gabriel Mtns., near jct. Mt. Baldy Rd. and Glendora Ridge Rd., 0.8 miles up Glendora Ridge Rd. to dirt road winding around mtn., 34.228259 - 117.670819 5, 4532 ft., [AUMS _ 2490, 24 / 6 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Orange: 21263 Mohler Drive, Anaheim, 33.853135 - 117.755736 2, 617 ft., [APH _ 2707, 1963, 2 ♂, F. W. Handsfield Jr., AMNH]; Brea, 33.916706 - 117.899988 5, 362 ft., [AUMS _ 2487, 15 / 10 / 1975, 1 ♂, Jim Lawrence, AUMNH]; Caspers Wilderness Park (San Juan Capistrano), 33.5572 - 117.556783 1, 709 ft., [APH _ 0981, 9 / 2009, 1 ♀, Kyle Dickerson, AUMNH]; El Toro (Marine Corps Air Station MCAS), 33.673927 - 117.72924 5, 340 ft., [AUMS _ 2588, 26 / 9 / 1966, 1 ♂, 1 st Lt Jim Hardy, AUMNH]; Hidden Hills area, (Laguna Nigel) near San Juan Capistrano, 33.529839 - 117.685743 5, 525 ft., [AUMS _ 3309, 20 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♂, Scott Elgnam, AUMNH]; Laguna Beach, 33.542248 - 117.783109 5, 16 ft., [APH _ 2155, 26 / 7 / 1931, 1 ♀, R. V. Chamberlin, AMNH]; [APH _ 2472, 26 / 5 / 1931, 1 juv, Wilton Ivie, AMNH]; Laguna Hills, 33.599722 - 117.699444 5, 372 ft., [AUMS _ 2481, 28 / 10 / 1967, 1 ♂, Tom Simms, AUMNH]; Laguna Niguel, 33.522526 - 117.707553 5, 407 ft., [AUMS _ 2488, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; Lookout Point, Corona del Mar, 33.592518 - 117.877554 5, 0 ft., [APH _ 2708, 16 / 10 / 1962, 1 ♂, Jerry Parrish, AMNH]; San Cle mente, E of Avenida Pico, off The Christianitos Trail, 33.455 - 117.57523 1, 388 ft., [APH _ 1035, 22 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; San Jauquin Hills, S of Lagunas Reservoir, off Hwy 133, 33.607836 - 117.75685 5, 397 ft., [AUMS _ 3316, 7 / 5 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Juan Capistrano, 33.501693 - 117.662551 5, 127 ft., [AUMS _ 3327, 23 / 8 / 1964, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, J. H. Menees, AUMNH]; Santa Ana, 33.745573 - 117.867931 5, 112 ft., [APH _ 2153, 17 / 7 / 1931, 2 ♀, R. V. Chamberlin, AMNH]; Starr Ranch, between Caspers and Clev. Nat Forest, 33.632326 - 117.555835 5, 999 ft., [AUMS _ 2399, 13 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Starr Ranch, N Perusker and Bell Canyon Rd, 33.626176 - 117.556666 5, 919 ft., [AUMS _ 2404, 4 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Riverside: 1 mile N of Winchester, 33.72247 - 117.081149 4, 1558 ft., [APH _ 2171, 13 / 10 / 1968, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 1 mile NW of Winchester, 33.71869 - 117.096162 5, 1745 ft., [AUMS _ 2590, 3 / 9 / 1990, 1 ♀, Gary Larson, AUMNH]; 2 miles N of Winchester, 33.734766 - 117.076361 5, 1556 ft., [AUMS _ 2491, 30 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, Ken Harbridge, AUMNH]; 2 miles NE of Winchester, 33.734476 - 117.074678 5, 1562 ft., [AUMS _ 3301, 13 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; 7 miles E of Hemet - off Hwy 74 in San Jacinto Mtns, 33.72003 - 116.7916 1, 2625 ft., [APH _ 3114, 22 / 7 / 2012, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; at base of Double Butte, Washington Ave, 1 / 2 mile N of Winchester town center, 33.714 - 117.085 1, 1492 ft., [APH _ 3207, 28 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, Patrick Parker, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3208, 6 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Kim Johnson, AUMNH]; Box Spring Mtns, 33.972945 - 117.29587 6, 2351 ft., [AUMS _ 2585, 7 / 1991, 2 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Cajalco Canyon, 8.6 miles southeast of Corona at Lake Mathews, 33.829201 - 117.462018 4, 1368 ft., [APH _ 2692, 3 / 11 / 1963, 1 ♂, W. A. Powder, AMNH]; Chino Canyon, on road to Palm Springs Aerial Tramway (Valley Station), 3 miles W of junction with Hwy 111 San Jacinto Mtns, 33.8447 - 116.60125 1, 1971 ft., [APH _ 3138, 10 / 9 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Chino Canyon, Palm Springs Aerial Tramway (Valley Station), San Jacinto Mtns, 33.838433 - 116.6132 1, 2532 ft., [APH _ 3137, 22 / 9 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3139, 4 / 9 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3140, 5 / 9 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Deep Canyon, 33.664423 - 116.372819 5, 764 ft., [AUMS _ 2629, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; E of Perris Valley Airport, Perris, 33.760961 - 117.202485 5, 1417 ft., [AUMS _ 2628, 19 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; East of Sun City off I- 215, Sun Mtns east, 33.702126 - 117.171559 5, 1849 ft., [AUMS _ 3285, 5 / 2 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Garner Valley, off Fobes Ranch Rd - off Hwy 74, S of Lake Hemet, 33.63184 - 116.63173 1, 4501 ft., [APH _ 3111 - 3113, 22 / 7 / 2012, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; just S of the Garner Valley, outside Nightingale, off Pinon Flats Transfer Station Rd - off Hwy 74, Sawmill Trailhead, 33.5802 - 116.45131 1, 4047 ft., [APH _ 3106 - 3110, 21 / 7 / 2012, 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; Lake Elsinore, near J Bethlee home, 33.668144 - 117.327394 5, 1293 ft., [AUMS _ 2503, 9 / 1998, 1 ♂, J. Bethlee, AUMNH]; Lake Mathews, 33.828903 - 117.437512 5, 1401 ft., [AUMS _ 3284, 14 / 4 / 1968, 1 ♂, M. Cline, AUMNH]; Lake Mathews, heading N on Cajalco Rd., 0.5 mile E of junction La Sierra Ave., 33.827762 - 117.451927 4, 1397 ft., [AUMS _ 2517, 12 / 11 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, at entrance gate, 33.590905 - 117.07877 5, 1408 ft., [AUMS _ 2499, 26 / 11 / 1997, 1 ♂, Tom Ash, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, below U 3 on rd. above oaks, 33.604263 - 117.038208 5, 1567 ft., [AUMS _ 2681, 29 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, below U 5, above lake, 33.609043 - 117.037303 5, 1661 ft., [AUMS _ 2507, 28 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, between road and B 9, 33.580808 - 117.088785 5, 1353 ft., [AUMS _ 2255, 16 / 8 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, by 90 deg. turn in dirt rd., S. of U 7?, S side of lake, 33.575862 - 117.066618 5, 1539 ft., [AUMS _ 2501, 3 / 9 / 1987, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, found on N side of lake E of Borel rd, 33.588117 - 117.028523 5, 1517 ft., [AUMS _ 2581, 18 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, Rowson Canyon, 1.5 miles N of middle gate, 0.8 miles S of Loop Rd., 33.573703 - 117.066585 4, 1519 ft., [AUMS _ 2505, 28 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, S of B 5, close to lake, 33.569155 - 117.064281 5, 1534 ft., [AUMS _ 2506, 28 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, S side, 33.578777 - 117.057225 5, 1535 ft., [AUMS _ 2518, 11 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, Adam Bucklin, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, SE of H 2 O, 33.573965 - 117.025814 5, 1605 ft., [AUMS _ 3325, 3 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, Adam Backlin, AUMNH]; Lamb Canyon, 33.855805 - 117.015244 5, 1590 ft., [AUMS _ 2587, 23 / 7 / 1988, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lamb Canyon - N of jct 79 and Gilman Springs Rd., 33.858779 - 117.016279 5, 1627 ft., [AUMS _ 2401, 14 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lamb Canyon (S of Beaumont), off Hwy 79, 33.85507 - 117.00342 1, 1911 ft., [APH _ 1041 - 1042, 27 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Tom Prentice, AUMNH]; Lamb Canyon, Hwy 79, 33.853149 - 117.007918 5, 1660 ft., [AUMS _ 2407, 27 / 6 / 1987, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Mt Vernon Park, base of Sugarloaf Mtn, 33.988098 - 117.295535 5, 2078 ft., [AUMS _ 2497, 30 / 9 / 1992, 1 ♀, James Adams, AUMNH]; Murrieta, 33.553914 - 117.213923 5, 1103 ft., [AUMS _ 2655, 13 / 10 / 2001, 1 ♂, Bill, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3297, 8 / 9 / 1996, 1 ♂, C. Webster, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.1 miles above reserve gate, 33.66925 - 116.372791 4, 701 ft., [AUMS _ 2337, 21 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.1 miles below reserve gate, 33.672099 - 116.372355 4, 670 ft., [AUMS _ 2335, 27 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.55 miles N of reserve station, 33.655658 - 116.373614 4, 883 ft., [AUMS _ 2336, 22 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.6 miles below reserve gate, 33.677492 - 116.370089 4, 615 ft., [AUMS _ 2334, 27 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2368, 21 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd-Deep Canyon Reserve, 1.1 miles below reserve gate, 33.571489 - 116.248672 4, 540 ft., [AUMS _ 3293, 21 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, 33.782519 - 117.228648 5, 1468 ft., [AUMS _ 2400, 20 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2409, 20 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, between I- 215 and Perris Valley Airport, just N of Hwy 74 exit, 33.770547 - 117.208584 5, 1417 ft., [AUMS _ 2486, 19 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, E of Perris Valley Airport, 33.774681 - 117.210995 5, 1419 ft., [AUMS _ 4196, 20 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, E of Per ris Valley Airport, W of I- 215, 33.766645 - 117.21044 5, 1416 ft., [AUMS _ 2403, 20 / 7 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, field between Perris Valley airport and 74 G exit (north of exit), off I- 215, 33.765075 - 117.201682 5, 1415 ft., [AUMS _ 3311, 24 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Perris, Rd 11 to I- 215 between 74 E exit and Perris exit, W of I- 215, 33.775744 - 117.239759 5, 1529 ft., [AUMS _ 2405, 20 / 9 / 1993, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2483, 23 / 9 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinyon Pines area, Palm Canyon Dr, 2 mils N of junction with Hwy 74, Santa Rosa Mtns, 33.609067 - 116.471767 1, 4054 ft., [APH _ 3142, 16 / 8 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Pinyon Pines, Pinon Rd just N of junction with Hwy 74, Santa Rosa Mtns, 33.583867 - 116.455383 1, 4036 ft., [APH _ 3141, 16 / 8 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; S of Corona, off I- 15 west side, Weirick Rd exit (Temescal Canyon), 1.5 miles W, 33.796868 - 117.531405 5, 1732 ft., [AUMS _ 2685, 4 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♀, John Hermesman, AUMNH]; S of Hemet, NE of Lake Skinner, off De Portola Rd and Crown Valley Rd, 33.64276 - 116.992 1, 2307 ft., [APH _ 1038, 27 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Tom Prentice, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1040, 27 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Tom Prentice, AUMNH]; S side of Lake Skinner, 33.574388 - 117.054156 5, 1533 ft., [AUMS _ 2504, 11 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, Adam Bucklin, AUMNH]; San Jacinto mountains, Palms to Pines Hwy 74, above Palm Desert, 33.664336 - 116.398965 5, 1240 ft., [AUMS _ 2480, 2 / 4 / 1988, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Santa Rosa Mtns, W side of Deep Canyon, Hwy 74, 1 mile S of jct with Carrizo Road, 33.5947 - 116.422467 1, 3733 ft., [APH _ 3206, 17 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Santa Rosa Plateau, 33.545816 - 117.270534 5, 1779 ft., [AUMS _ 2314, 25 / 10 / 1998, 1 ♂, Connell Dunning, AUMNH]; Santa Rosa Plateau (reserve), jct of Clinton Keith and Tenaja Rd. (bend), 33.52847 - 117.273132 5, 1800 ft., [AUMS _ 2509, 29 / 9 / 1998, 1 juv, Connell Dunning, AUMNH]; Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve, Lomas Trail 1.2 miles E of Clinton Keith Rd, 33.522687 - 117.271312 4, 1949 ft., [AUMS _ 2679, 29 / 9 / 1998, 1 ♂, C. Dunning, AUMNH]; Sun Mtns., Sun City, 33.717019 - 117.216043 5, 1623 ft., [AUMS _ 2493, unknown, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Temecula, 33.493639 - 117.148365 5, 1047 ft., [APH _ 2686, 8 / 6 / 1965, 1 ♂, Helen Wheeler, AMNH]; Temescal Canyon (Valley), N of Weirick Rd, exit off I- 15, Bedford Motorway, 33.807554 - 117.513595 5, 1008 ft., [AUMS _ 3321, 24 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, John Hermesman, AUMNH]; UC Riverside - backside between Ent. Annex I and Boden Lab, 33.971765 - 117.325971 5, 1091 ft., [AUMS _ 2519, 13 / 12 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Winchester, 33.706966 - 117.084473 5, 1486 ft., [APH _ 2167, 18 / 11 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2168, 1 / 10 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 2402, unknown, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2478, 11 / 9 / 1990, 2 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Arabian Gardens Mobile Estates, Indio, 33.72995 - 116.24115 4, 9 ft., [AUMS _ 2376, 9 / 1988, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: 1255 Colony Dr., Upland (base of Mt. Baldy), 34.1553 - 117.672217 1, 2102 ft., [APH _ 2035, 7 / 17 / 2011, 1 ♀, Jolene Stewart, AUMNH]; 620 Greenwood Avenue, Devore, 34.242532 - 117.419506 2, 2690 ft., [APH _ 0189, 25 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♂, Joshua Gutierrez, AUMNH]; Hwy 38, 1.8 miles W jct of Forest Falls, 34.099825 - 116.98744 4, 3926 ft., [AUMS _ 2484, 24 / 8 / 1990, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; N of Rancho Cucamonga, off Hermosa, 34.16862 - 117.58182 1, 2565 ft., [APH _ 1085, 8 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; N of Rancho Cucamonga, off Hermosa, 34.16742 - 117.58117 1, 2477 ft., [APH _ 1086, 8 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Bernardino (San Bernardino National Forest), in hills N of city, off Quail Canyon Rd and Del Rosa, 34.174 - 117.252 1, 2299 ft., [APH _ 1045, 1 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Diego: 0.5 W of most SW shore of Otay Lake, 32.608062 - 116.939954 2, 491 ft., [APH _ 0305, 27 / 10 / 2007, 1 juv, Dorian LaPaglia, AUMNH]; 12 miles south of San Diego, 32.556071 - 117.075033 5, 30 ft., [APH _ 2476, 15 / 10 / 1935, 1 ♂, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; 2 / 10 mile W of Yaqui Pass road (S 3), at the Anza-Borrego State Park sign, 3 miles S of jct with Borrego Springs Rd, 33.170767 - 116.337967 1, 1207 ft., [APH _ 3209, 8 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Anza Borrego desert, on S 22 (Borrego Salton Seaway) W of Salton City, 33.30525 - 116.208333 1, 957 ft., [APH _ 3144, 9 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Anza Borrego desert, W outside Borrego Springs off of Hwy S 22, 33.228106 - 116.410867 1, 1523 ft., [APH _ 3143, 9 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Borrego Springs, 32.908056 - 116.491047 6, 5115 ft., [APH _ 2165, 31 / 10 / 1961, 1 ♂, Dalton E. Merkel, AMNH]; Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.039933 - 116.402333 1, 2584 ft., [APH _ 0982 - 0984, 9 / 2009, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, Kyle Dickerson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2697, 12 / 1962, 1 ♂, Merkel, AMNH]; [APH _ 2704 - 2705, 12 / 1962, 3 ♂, Merkel, AMNH]; [APH _ 2716, 11 / 1962, 2 ♂, Merkel, AMNH]; [APH _ 2719, 10 / 1962, 1 ♂, Merkel, AMNH]; Anza-Borrego, Yaqui Pass, 33.151285 - 116.346386 5, 1800 ft., [AUMS _ 2680, 10 / 5 / 1987, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Borrego Valley, Borrego Springs Road, 8 / 10 mile SE of jct with Jaqui Pass road (S 3), 33.204 - 116.318417 1, 543 ft., [APH _ 3210, 8 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, range 313 A - HOLF, 33.313998 - 117.314552 6, 353 ft., [AUMS _ 2610, 20 / 8 / unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, HOLF, San Mateo Creek, 33.469175 - 117.475198 6, 415 ft., [AUMS _ 2611, 20 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, plot C 30, 33.313998 - 117.314552 6, 353 ft., [AUMS _ 2675, 30 / 5 / 1996, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, San Mateo Creek, 33.434796 - 117.523894 6, 321 ft., [AUMS _ 2317, 1990, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2644, 1999, 1 ♂, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3328, unknown, 1 ♂, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, San Onofre Cr., 33.234926 - 117.389044 6, 146 ft., [AUMS _ 2582, 29 / 9 / 1999, 1 ♀, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2258, 9 / 1999, 2 ♀, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2251, 29 / 9 / 1999, 1 ♂, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2397, 9 / 1999, 1 ♀, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3348, 12 / 9 / 1999, 1 ♂, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2315, 9 / 1999, 1 ♂, Dan Holland, AUMNH]; Chula Vista, 32.640023 - 117.084004 5, 67 ft., [AUMS _ 2502, 10 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; De Luz, off De Luz Rd, NW of Fallbrook, 33.42858 - 117.32127 1, 384 ft., [APH _ 1037, 24 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; El Cajon, 32.794773 - 116.962527 5, 433 ft., [APH _ 2147, 4 / 5 / 1926, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Encanto, 32.711739 - 117.061755 5, 230 ft., [APH _ 2146, 18 / 8 / 1928, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2170, 12 / 11 / 1931, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Growmont, 32.799285 - 116.999051 5, 715 ft., [APH _ 2169, 17 / 8 / 1931, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; La Mesa, 32.767829 - 117.023084 5, 541 ft., [APH _ 2152, 1 / 8 / 1938, 1 ♂, H. Stredwick, AMNH]; [APH _ 2162, 20 / 7 / 1925, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2163, 4 / 8 / 1925, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2164, 25 / 4 / 1927, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Laguna Beach, 33.542248 - 117.783109 5, 16 ft., [APH _ 2158, 20 / 7 / 1930, 1 ♂, Edward Lawrance, AMNH]; Lake Henshaw, on Hwy 76, 33.22337 - 116.75292 1, 2801 ft., [APH _ 1016 - 1017, 15 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Lake Henshaw, on Hwy 76 at Lake Henshaw campground, 33.23073 - 116.76336 1, 2929 ft., [APH _ 1014 - 1015, 15 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Las Flores, 33.154632 - 117.207187 5, 568 ft., [APH _ 2145, 30 / 8 / 1936, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Lemon Grove, 32.742552 - 117.031417 5, 453 ft., [APH _ 2156, 10 / 10 / 1930, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2157, 5 / 8 / 1926, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; off S 6 / Hwy 76, E of Rincon, W of S 6 turnoff for Palomar Mtn, 33.29765 - 116.92304 1, 2468 ft., [APH _ 1020 - 1021, 15 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Oriflamme Canyon, 2 miles W of S 2, W of Anza-Borrego state park boundary, 33.004274 - 116.460837 5, 2246 ft., [AUMS _ 2612, 5 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Diego, 32.71533 - 117.157253 6, 62 ft., [APH _ 2148, 1935, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2149, 7 / 1962, 1 ♂, Chris Parrish, AMNH]; [APH _ 2159 - 2160, unknown, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2161, 20 / 8 / 1925, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; San Diego, Mission Trails Regional Park, 32.8402 - 117.04561 1, 349 ft., [APH _ 1031, 20 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Diego, Mission Trails Regional Park, Oak Canyon Trail and Grassland Trail intersect, 32.84467 - 117.0437 1, 324 ft., [APH _ 1009 - 1010, 11 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, Kyle Dickerson, AUMNH]; Santa Ysabel, on Hwy 79, next to Santa Ysabel Open Space Preserve, 33.12607 - 116.67841 1, 2938 ft., [APH _ 1018 - 1019, 15 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Santee, in hills N of where Carlton Hills Blvd ends, 32.86146 - 116.99485 4, 780 ft., [APH _ 0144, 5 / 2007, 1 juv, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; Sweetwater Reserve near San Diego, 32.602142 - 116.879255 5, 1345 ft., [APH _ 2473, 21 / 9 / 1935, 2 ♀, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; Wruck Canyon, San Ysidro, off Cactus Rd, 32.5519 - 116.99642 1, 351 ft., [APH _ 1025, 16 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, Jordan Satler, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
66766D4C0E8B41E579A96EE97186F226.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma gabeli (Fig. 45) is a member of the moderatum species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma gabeli as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. and closely related to Aphonopelma moderatum. Female Aphonopelma gabeli can be distinguished from syntopic species by their unique spermathecae, noticeably large and robust chelicerae, and associated broad anterior carapace margin (Figs 45, 47). Male Aphonopelma gabeli have an overall black body appearance with very long, thin legs. Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma gabeli from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are PTl and M 4. Male Aphonopelma gabeli can be distinguished by possessing a smaller PTl / M 3 (≤ 0.63; 0.57 - 0.63) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 0.64; 0.64 - 0.76), Aphonopelma armada (≥ 0.65; 0.65 - 0.75), Aphonopelma hentzi (≥ 0.67; 0.67 - 0.81), Aphonopelma chalcodes (≥ 0.65; 0.65 - 0.75), Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (≥ 0.71; 0.71 - 0.82), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 0.71; 0.71 - 0.87); and a smaller M 1 / M 4 (≤ 0.74; 0.70 - 0.74) than Aphonopelma moderatum (≥ 0.76; 0.76 - 0.81) and Aphonopelma moellendorfi (≥ 0.75; 0.75 - 0.82). Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma gabeli from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are P 1, M 3, and extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma gabeli can be distinguished by possessing a larger M 3 / M 4 (≥ 0.73; 0.73 - 0.78) than Aphonopelma moderatum (≤ 0.72; 0.67 - 0.72); a larger L 4 scopulation extent (39 % - 53 %) than Aphonopelma peloncillo (32 % - 38 %) and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (26 % - 37 %); a smaller L 4 scopulation extent than Aphonopelma chalcodes (63 % - 81 %); and by possessing a smaller P 1 / F 4 (≤ 0.46; 0.42 - 0.46) than Aphonopelma armada (≥ 0.47; 0.47 - 0.51). Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
66766D4C0E8B41E579A96EE97186F226.taxon	description	Description. Male originally described by Smith (1995).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
66766D4C0E8B41E579A96EE97186F226.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: 0.1 mi. west of Portal, 31.913699 - 109.143184 4, 4780 ft., [APH _ 2356, 2 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, J. Cole, AMNH]; 0.5 miles east of Portal, 31.914884 - 109.149967 4, 4846 ft., [APH _ 2364, 1 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, J. Cole, AMNH]; 1 mile southwest of Portal, 31.903762 - 109.152806 5, 4918 ft., [APH _ 2363, 2 / 9 / 1960, 1 ♀, R. Zweifel, AMNH]; 1 mile west of Portal, 31.9135 - 109.158499 5, 4961 ft., [APH _ 2365, 4 / 7 / 1963, 1 ♂, Steve Aaron, AMNH]; 1.7 miles northeast of Portal on San Simon Rd., 31.930194 - 109.12083 4, 4570 ft., [APH _ 2377, 21 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, J. Cole, AMNH]; 15.5 miles S I- 10 on Noland Rd, 32.032719 - 109.186732 1, 4478 ft., [APH _ 1337 - 1338, 2 / 8 / 2011, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 2 miles northeast of Portal, 31.934159 - 109.117117 5, 4534 ft., [APH _ 2380, 10 / 6 / 1963, 1 ♀, Cazier and Mortenson, AMNH]; 2.5 miles southeast of Portal on Portal Rd., 31.902146 - 109.10097 4, 4478 ft., [APH _ 2372, 6 / 7 / 1973, 1 ♂, R. Zweifel, AMNH]; 2.6 miles NW AZ / NM state line on Portal Rd, 31.89302489 - 109.0856873 1, 4349 ft., [APH _ 0385, 31 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 7.7 miles S I- 10 on Noland Rd, 32.145844 - 109.173364 1, 3872 ft., [APH _ 1336, 2 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Apache Pass Rd, S of I- 10, 32.267466 - 109.464574 1, 3854 ft., [APH _ 0712, 20 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Cave Creek Canyon, 1.3 miles northeast of Ranger Station on Cave Creek Canyon Rd. near Portal, 31.896202 - 109163672 4, 4961 ft., [APH _ 2383, 11 / 7 / 1973, 1 ♂, A. Bush, AMNH]; Chiricahua Mtns, 31.929812 - 109.382285 6, 6119 ft., [APH _ 2367, 8 / 1972, 2 ♂, J. A. L. Cooke, AMNH]; Dos Cabezas, 32.114138 - 109.920729 5, 4219 ft., [APH _ 2378, 19 / 9 / 1954, 1 ♂, G. Bradt, M. Oazier, AMNH]; Fan Road, 5.5 miles NE Bowie, 32.375306 - 109.447667 1, 3640 ft., [APH _ 0393, 24 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Kari and Hunter McWest, AUMNH]; Portal, 31.913699 - 109.1414 5, 4770 ft., [APH _ 2357, 8 / 7 / 1964, 2 ♂, D. Rich, AMNH]; [APH _ 2359, 1 / 8 / 1965, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2360, 25 / 6 / 1962, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2362, 10 / 7 / 1962, 1 ♀, Melinda Stebbins, AMNH]; [APH _ 2368, 4 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, J. Cole, AMNH]; [APH _ 2369, 15 / 8 / 1962, 1 ♀, C. Parrish and W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2381, 14 / 6 / 1962, 1 ♀, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; Portal Rd, 31.884644 - 109.071997 5, 4250 ft., [APH _ 0390, unknown, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; S of I- 10 on Noland Rd, 32.213729 - 109.176179 1, 3645 ft., [APH _ 0711, 20 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Sulphur Canyon, 9 miles west of Rodeo, 31.836758 - 109.188226 5, 7060 ft., [APH _ 2355, 23 / 7 / 1955, 1 ♂, Guy Miller, AMNH]; Wilcox, 32.252851 - 109.83201 5, 4170 ft., [APH _ 2382, 12 / 7 / 1954, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; Graham: 0.25 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.605235 - 109.682418 1, 3873 ft., [APH _ 1329 - 1330, 1 / 8 / 2011, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1481 - 1482, 1 / 8 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1489, 4 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 0.4 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.606204 - 109.681524 1, 3891 ft., [APH _ 1184, 25 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 3.6 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.619274 - 109.633622 1, 3623 ft., [APH _ 1231, 8 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; 5.8 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.621499 - 109.596498 1, 3481 ft., [APH _ 1236, 8 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 191, 32.662275 - 109.701131 1, 3530 ft., [APH _ 1179, 25 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; dirt road S of US- 70, 32.744869 - 109.344099 1, 4088 ft., [APH _ 0641 - 0642, 12 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Hwy- 366, near Hwy- 191, 32.726066 - 109.71822 1, 3266 ft., [APH _ 0637 - 0638, 11 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Klondyke Rd, SW of Hwy- 70, 32.914146 - 109.975734 1, 3110 ft., [APH _ 0698 - 0699, 18 / 7 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0701 - 0708, 18 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♀, 6 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Tanque Rd, near Hwy- 191, 32.604126 - 109.681695 1, 3887 ft., [APH _ 0627 - 0632, 11 / 7 / 2009, 5 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0635, 11 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Greenlee: 0.4 miles N Hwy- 75 on Goat Camp Rd, 32.755403 - 109.110492 1, 3726 ft., [APH _ 1351, 5 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Chaves: N of Roswell, 33.50677 - 104.52311 5, 3626 ft., [APH _ 0316, 10 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♀, Rick C. West, AUMNH]; rest area near Hagerman, near NM- 249, 33.09694 - 104.44167 2, 3559 ft., [APH _ 0044, 20 / 6 / 2002, 1 ♀, Shasta Michaels, JJ East, AUMNH]; Dona Ana: 0.9 miles NE I- 10 on CR-B 19 (I- 10 Exit 155), 32.130859 - 106.626039 1, 4030 ft., [APH _ 0538, 5 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 2711 Los Misioneros, Las Cruces, 32.336008 - 106.749999 2, 4170 ft., [APH _ 1461, 27 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Jesse Ortiz, AUMNH]; Aguirre Springs Rd, 32.43067 - 106.547785 1, 5258 ft., [APH _ 0655, 13 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0662 - 0664, 14 / 7 / 2009, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, 31.79866 - 106.907625 1, 4113 ft., [APH _ 0653, 13 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Just outside Las Cruces, on Aguirre Spring Road, 32.431202 - 106.54921 5, 5306 ft., [APH _ 0002, 8 / 2003, 1 ♂, Roy Thibodeau, AUMNH]; Eddy: 0.5 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR 408 (Dark Canyon Rd), 32.28746 - 104.28966 1, 3330 ft., [APH _ 0366 - 0368, 22 / 6 / 2008, 3 ♂, Shasta Michaels, AUMNH]; 1.2 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR 408 (Dark Canyon Rd), 32.28969 - 104.30144 1, 3350 ft., [APH _ 0364 - 0365, 21 / 6 / 2008, 2 ♂, Shasta Michaels, AUMNH]; 1.7 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR- 408, 32.293874 - 104.309514 1, 3392 ft., [APH _ 0542 - 0543, 6 / 6 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 2.3 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR 408, 32.29345 - 104.31993 1, 3434 ft., [APH _ 0061, 14 / 6 / 2001, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; near jct. CR- 1 and US- 82, 32.830265 - 104.797078 1, 4228 ft., [APH _ 0541, 6 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Grant: Silver City, pinyon pine habitat, 32.770075 - 108.280326 4, 5944 ft., [APH _ 1293, 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Ken McNeil, AUMNH]; Hidalgo: 1.6 miles S I- 10 on Hwy- 80, 32.213781 - 108.951553 1, 4233 ft., [APH _ 1180, 26 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 15.5 miles north of Rodeo, 32.049697 - 109.030541 5, 3934 ft., [APH _ 2376, 11 / 7 / 1960, 1 ♂, Zweifel, AMNH]; 18 miles north of Rodeo, 32.089638 - 109.036588 5, 3976 ft., [APH _ 2361, 7 / 7 / 1956, 1 ♂, H. Howden, AMNH]; 19.5 miles north of Rodeo, 32.11859 - 109.03127 5, 4042 ft., [APH _ 2385, 11 / 7 / 1960, 1 ♂, Zweifel, AMNH]; 21.5 miles north of Rodeo, 32.141862 - 109.028611 5, 4124 ft., [APH _ 2371, 11 / 7 / 1960, 1 ♂, Zweifel, AMNH]; 4.1 miles E Hwy- 80 on Hwy- 9, 31.936704 - 108.970448 1, 4187 ft., [APH _ 0678, 16 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 5 miles north of junction of Animas Rd. and rt. 80, 31.443254 - 109.827763 5, 4678 ft., [APH _ 2374, 23 / 7 / 1960, 1 ♂, R. Zweifel, AMNH]; 5 miles south of Road Forks, 32.275308 - 108.794078 5, 4354 ft., [APH _ 2384, 2 / 7 / 1962, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; 6 miles north of Lordsburg, 32.436395 - 108.707975 5, 4432 ft., [APH _ 2358, 28 / 7 / 1962, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; 8 miles north of Rodeo, 31.952008 - 109.030121 5, 4078 ft., [APH _ 2370, 14 / 7 / 1963, 1 ♂, C. Bagwell, AMNH]; along Hwy- 338, 31.807343 - 108.801127 1, 4675 ft., [APH _ 1192 - 1194, 26 / 7 / 2010, 3 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 80 at CR-C 078, 32.101572 - 108.957714 1, 4408 ft., [APH _ 0676, 15 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 80 at Granite Gap, 32.086958 - 108.977019 1, 4495 ft., [APH _ 1483, 1 / 8 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, just E of Continental Divide, 31.963316 - 108.673824 1, 4489 ft., [APH _ 0680, 16 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, just west of Gas Line Rd, 31.935932 - 108.940821 1, 4355 ft., [APH _ 0677, 15 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 90, NE of Lordsburg, 32.469585 - 108.60797 1, 5005 ft., [APH _ 0646, 12 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along US- 70, SE of Hwy- 92, 32.612037 - 108.984613 1, 4151 ft., [APH _ 0643 - 0644, 12 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Cieanega Lake, 15.5 miles north of Rodeo, 32.049697 - 109.030541 5, 3934 ft., [APH _ 2375, 14 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, J. Cole, AMNH]; Lordsburg, vicinity of Fraggle Rock, 32.31738 - 108.81833 4, 4250 ft., [APH _ 1294, 7 / 2011, 1 ♂, Ken McNeil, AUMNH]; Rodeo, 31.950087 - 109.031176 5, 4085 ft., [APH _ 2366, 17 / 7 / 1963, 2 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Rt. 9, 2 miles east of juncture with US 80, 31.920498 - 109.070014 4, 4301 ft., [APH _ 2387, 3 / 7 / 1958, 2 ♂, Robert Chew, AMNH]; Luna: 0.5 miles E Hidalgo Co. Line along I- 10, 32.208983 - 108.221098 1, 4547 ft., [APH _ 1178, 23 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 11, N of Columbus, 31.935144 - 107.670986 1, 4220 ft., [APH _ 0650 - 0651, 13 / 7 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 180, 32.431967 - 107.90736 1, 4691 ft., [APH _ 0647 - 0649, 13 / 7 / 2009, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, 31.828861 - 107.320841 1, 4141 ft., [APH _ 0652, 13 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, 2.3 miles SE Grant County Line, 31.868935 - 108.182075 1, 4605 ft., [APH _ 0665, 14 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Cookes Canyon Rd, A 019, 3.4 miles NW NM- 26, 32.453472 - 107.614333 1, 4710 ft., [APH _ 0395, 28 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Kari and Hunter McWest, AUMNH]; Deming, on ramp to I- 10, 32.267886 - 107.780667 1, 4817 ft., [APH _ 1177, 23 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Little Florida Mtns, 1 miles SE on Bonita Rd from turnoff on Gap Rd, 32.15817 - 107.58858 4, 4480 ft., [APH _ 0194, 3 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♀, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; Sierra: near Truth or Consequences, 0.2 miles W I- 25 off Exit 79, 33.157129 - 107.257152 1, 4491 ft., [APH _ 1295, 24 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Shasta Michaels, AUMNH]; Socorro: Escondida, 34.05833 - 106.89083 5, 4607 ft., [APH _ 0034, 7 / 8 / 2006, 1 ♀, Kristin Greene, AUMNH]; Texas: Andrews: SW 4001, 32.113981 - 102.615814 1, 3139 ft., [APH _ 1053 - 1054, 6 / 7 / 2010, 2 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; SW 7000 and SW 6601, 32.110219 - 102.710939 1, 3233 ft., [APH _ 1055, 6 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; SW 8000 and SW 3001, 32.111511 - 102.566667 1, 3122 ft., [APH _ 1050 - 1051, 6 / 7 / 2010, 2 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; Brewster: 1.85 miles N Ranch Rd 2627 on Hwy- 385, 29.71843 - 103.15894 2, 2759 ft., [APH _ 1469, 22 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; 14 miles N Ranch Rd 2627 on Hwy- 385, 29.86536 - 103.24919 2, 3215 ft., [APH _ 1472, 24 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; 14.3 miles NE jct US- 90 on US- 67, 30.53666 - 103.39322 1, 3831 ft., [APH _ 0029, 18 / 6 / 2001, 1 ♂, Jeff Owens, AUMNH]; 5.5 miles N Ranch Rd 2627 on Hwy- 385, 29.76887 - 103.16619 2, 2840 ft., [APH _ 1471, 24 / 6 / 2012, 1 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Crane: off Hwy 385, N or Crane, 31.41690278 - 102.3563111 2, 2550 ft., [APH _ 1386, 29 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Ector: Cowden H Ranch, 32.07805 - 102.780783 6, 3316 ft., [APH _ 0940, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0943, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0946, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; El Paso: 3457 Red Sails Drive, El Paso, 31.79305 - 106.313143 1, 3987 ft., [APH _ 3126, 18 / 7 / 2013, 1 ♂, Jackie Ortegon, AUMNH]; Rest Area, 1.4 miles SE FM- 793 (SE Fabens), 31.503951 - 106.116307 1, 3779 ft., [APH _ 0537, 5 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Gaines: Seminole, 32.72695 - 102.660533 1, 3327 ft., [APH _ 0850 - 0854, 9 / 2008, 5 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0888, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Seminole, 0.4 miles NW 11 th St on Hwy- 214, 32.729362 - 102.661669 1, 3329 ft., [APH _ 0545, 7 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Midland: CR 60, 32.010556 - 102.2275 1, 2888 ft., [APH _ 1060, 2 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; FM 1788 S, 31.762925 - 102.16813 2, 2895 ft., [APH _ 1372 - 1373, 27 / 6 / 2011, 2 ♂, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Reeves: outside Carlsbad, 31.83806 - 103.88556 1, 2780 ft., [APH _ 0018 - 0021, 20 / 6 / 2002, 4 ♂, ATS Conference, AUMNH]; Upton: just S of Hwy 329, before FM 1492 jct, 31.42758333 - 102.1889667 2, 2800 ft., [APH _ 1378, 10 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; oil fields E of Hwy 329, 31.35481944 - 102.0862667 2, 2715 ft., [APH _ 1382, 10 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Bur ton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1383, 30 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; oil fields W of Hwy 329, 31.42420833 - 102.1828 2, 2795 ft., [APH _ 1376, 30 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1380, 6 / 9 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1390, 31 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Darryl Burton, AUMNH]; Ward: E of Pecos on I- 20, 31.444196 - 103.371451 1, 2583 ft., [APH _ 1175, 22 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
CE566BB12FAA1E03A5C9DC88C18046B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma hentzi (Fig. 50) is a member of the Hentzi species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma hentzi as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Fig. 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma anax, closely related to Aphonopelma armada, and exclusive of Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. (a new species previously confused with Aphonopelma hentzi). Aphonopelma hentzi can be distinguished from Aphonopelma anax by the shapes of its spermathecae in females and palpal bulbs in males; from Aphonopelma armada by the pattern of setae on coxa I and the flared metatarsal scopulae of females and juvenile males; from Aphonopelma gabeli by its large chelicerae and general phenotypic appearance; from moderatum by their unique phenotypic color and banding; from parvum sp. n. due to the extreme small size; from peloncillo by its phenotypic appearance; and from vorhiesi due to its black appearance. Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma hentzi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are PTl, M 1, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus III. Male Aphonopelma hentzi can be distinguished by possessing a larger PTl / M 1 (≥ 0.74; 0.74 - 0.88) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.68; 0.61 - 0.68), Aphonopelma moderatum (≤ 0.69; 0.61 - 0.69), and Aphonopelma moellendorfi (≤ 0.69; 0.60 - 0.69); a larger L 3 scopulation extent (69 % - 86 %) than Aphonopelma armada (48 % - 63 %), Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (52 % - 68 %), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (44 % - 62 %); and by possessing a smaller M 1 / F 4 (≤ 0.77; 0.68 - 0.77) than Aphonopelma moderatum (≥ 0.80; 0.80 - 0.87) and Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. (≥ 0.81; 0.81 - 0.88). The significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma hentzi from syntopic species is the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma hentzi can be distinguished by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (42 % - 72 %) than Aphonopelma peloncillo (32 % - 38 %) and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (26 % - 37 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma hentzi from Aphonopelma anax, Aphonopelma armada, Aphonopelma gabeli, or Aphonopelma moderatum. Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
CE566BB12FAA1E03A5C9DC88C18046B8.taxon	description	Description. Male and female described by Girard (1852); presumed lost. Neotype designated and redescribed by Smith (1995); new female specimen designated and redescribed by Smith (1995).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
CE566BB12FAA1E03A5C9DC88C18046B8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arkansas: Carroll: near Eureka Springs, 36.404273 - 93.735646 5, 1201 ft., [APH _ 2600, unknown, 1 ♂, H. A. Clay, AMNH]; Cleburne: 6 miles S / SW of Drasco, 35.569318 - 91.998288 5, 843 ft., [APH _ 2602, 9 / 1979, 1 ♀, D. Pearson, AMNH]; Drew: Monticello, 33.628997 - 91.790964 5, 292 ft., [APH _ 2174, 1936, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Lawrence: Imboden, 36.202568 - 91.174573 5, 308 ft., [APH _ 2196, 1931, 5 ♂, R. V. Chamberlin, AMNH]; [APH _ 2203, 1935, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Marion: between Pyatt and Eros, near Jct Hwy 125 and MC 4054, 36.21402 - 92.86224 4, 912 ft., [APH _ 0024, 9 / 2002, 1 ♂, Lewonna Nelson, AUMNH]; Washington: Fayetteville, 36.044074 - 94.169349 5, 1211 ft., [APH _ 2172 - 2173, unknown, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; [APH _ 2467, 1921, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; Arizona: Greenlee: 0.4 miles N Hwy- 75 on Goat Camp Rd, 32.755403 - 109.110492 1, 3726 ft., [APH _ 1352 - 1353, 5 / 8 / 2011, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Colorado: Bent: John Martin Reservoir State Park, 38.07612 - 102.957421 1, 3839 ft., [APH _ 0570, 10 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Crowley: 1.5 miles N Hwy- 96 on CR- 20, S of Lake Henry (near Sugar City), 38.246723 - 103.711337 1, 4371 ft., [APH _ 0565, 9 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Fremont: Canon City, Hwy 64, 5 miles N of Junction with Hwy 50, 38.496596 - 105.106624 5, 5800 ft., [AUMS _ 3334, 17 / 8 / 1987, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Canon City, N toward Cripple Creek, 5 miles N off Hwy 50, 38.497302 - 105.291414 5, 6248 ft., [AUMS _ 3338, 17 / 8 / 1986, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Otero: 1.5 miles SW Hwy- 109 on CR- 802, in field and bluffs N of road, 37.794004 - 103.521272 1, 4425 ft., [APH _ 0560 - 0564, 9 / 6 / 2009, 5 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Commanche Grasslands, La Junta, 37.859983 - 103.719267 6, 4440 ft., [APH _ 0917, 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Ken Suzuki, AUMNH]; Prowers: Prowers Co. Rd., S. of Lamar, on Deahl Ranch, 37.892338 - 102.60625 6, 3914 ft., [AUMS _ 2469, 4 / 7 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; S of Lamar, Deahl Ranch, 38.013237 - 102.613274 6, 3804 ft., [AUMS _ 2455, 4 / 7 / 1986, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pueblo: 1.5 miles E Boone on Hwy- 96, 38.243146 - 104.233761 2, 4448 ft., [APH _ 0749, 16 / 9 / 2009, 1 ♂, Jerry Smith, Mario Juvera, AUMNH]; I- 25, approx. 25 miles S Pueblo, 37.93879 - 104.81027 5, 5908 ft., [APH _ 0022, 7 / 9 / 2002, 1 ♂, Kristin Young, AUMNH]; Pinon Truck Stop, I- 25 N of Pueblo, 38.433689 - 104.610331 4, 5030 ft., [AUMS _ 2329, 28 / 6 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pueblo, 0.9 miles N of Hwy- 47 on Baculite Mesa Rd, 38.302884 - 104.553482 1, 4814 ft., [APH _ 0566 - 0569, 9 / 6 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Kansas: Elk: 1.5 miles W of Longton, 37.377606 - 96.108334 4, 935 ft., [AUMS _ 2321, 28 / 4 / 1994, 1 ♂, B. Cutler, AUMNH]; Gove: along Smokey Hill River just W of Hwy 23, 38.74457 - 100.50428 4, 2453 ft., [APH _ 0027, 10 / 2002, 1 ♂, Alvis Wade, AUMNH]; Wilson: Fredonia, 37.532925 - 95.826937 5, 922 ft., [APH _ 2603, 16 / 8 / 1964, 1 ♂, A. R. Moldenke, AMNH]; Fredonia, 2.5 miles SW Hwy 400 and Hwy 47, 37.50556 - 95.83278 5, 858 ft., [APH _ 0003, 6 / 7 / 2003, 1 ♀, Jordan B. Johnson, AUMNH]; Louisiana: Allen (Parish): near town of Harmony, off Hwy- 1147, 30.59583 - 92.91361 2, 57 ft., [APH _ 1171, 24 / 4 / 2010, 1 juv, Roland H. Delaune, AUMNH]; Reeves, 2250 Martin Tram Rd, 30.48063 - 92.9884 2, 25 ft., [APH _ 0060, 29 / 10 / 2006, 1 ♂, Gary Bellon, AUMNH]; Bossier (Parish): Haughton, 400 ft. N I- 20, 1 / 2 mile W Hwy 614, 32.53917 - 93.54944 4, 230 ft., [APH _ 0028, 20 / 10 / 2002, 1 ♂, Jimmy Landen, AUMNH]; Caddo (Parish): Shreveport, 32.525152 - 93.750179 6, 159 ft., [AUMS _ 2449, 16 / 5 / 1996, 1 ♂, R. Moore, AUMNH]; East Baton Rouge (Parish): Baton Rouge, 30.457702 - 91.14032 6, 49 ft., [APH _ 2610, 1958, 1 ♂, Leon Rody, AMNH]; La Salle (Parish): Tullos, 31.819261 - 92.329862 5, 121 ft., [APH _ 2612, 1 / 10 / 1950, 1 ♂, W. J. Gerstch, AMNH]; Natchitoches (Parish): Kisatchie National Forest, Kisatchie District, along Longleaf Vista Trail, 31.47644 - 92.99622 5, 288 ft., [APH _ 0403, 4 / 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Vernon (Parish): Near Fort Polk, 31.029236 - 93.176675 6, 289 ft., [APH _ 2202, 1957, 1 ♀, F. E. Potter, AMNH]; Missouri: Greene: Springfield, 37.208957 - 93.292299 5, 1280 ft., [APH _ 2183, 1931, 1 ♂, Truman Smith, AMNH]; [APH _ 2190, 10 / 1931, 2 ♂, Truman Smith, AMNH]; Henry: Hartwell, 38.435258 - 93.934662 5, 761 ft., [APH _ 2611, 1937, 1 ♂, J. K. Connolly, AMNH]; Hickory: 4 miles northwest of Wheatland, 37.969377 - 93.427109 5, 991 ft., [APH _ 2609, 2 / 10 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. Ivie, AMNH]; Newton: Joplin, 37.031191 - 94.52842 5, 909 ft., [APH _ 2191, 11 / 10 / 1942, 4 ♂, A. B. Gurney, AMNH]; Ozark: Caney Mountain Conservation Area, along Long Bald trail, 36.696831 - 92.45143 1, 1193 ft., [APH _ 0591, 25 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Phelps: Rolla, 37.948543 - 91.771535 5, 1093 ft., [APH _ 2175, 1 / 10 / 1954, 4 ♂, L. Bade and Walker, AMNH]; [APH _ 2177, 10 / 1960, 1 ♂, Lee Malone, AMNH]; Ripley: between Calm and Gatewood on Hwy 142, 36.560976 - 91.117925 1, 786 ft., [APH _ 0874, 6 / 2008, 1 juv, Matt Ingrasci, AUMNH]; St. Francois: Bonne Terre, near city lake, 37.912189 - 90.55567 4, 866 ft., [APH _ 0199, 30 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♂, Andrew Rieger, AUMNH]; Taney: Bradleyville, edge of floodplains of Breaver Creek, 36.7754 - 92.920951 5, 814 ft., [APH _ 2608, 25 / 9 / 1955, 1 ♂, N. and J. Crenshaw, AMNH]; near Branson, Ruth and Paul Henning Conservation Area, 36.6627 - 93.293056 1, 1165 ft., [APH _ 0586 - 0590, 24 / 6 / 2009, 5 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Bernalillo: Albuquerque, base of Sandia Mtns at Copper Trail, 35.079247 - 106.484022 1, 5948 ft., [APH _ 1437, 12 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, Jessica Ashley, AUMNH]; Dona Ana: Aguirre Springs Campground, 32.370504 - 106.561475 1, 5662 ft., [APH _ 0539 - 0540, 5 / 6 / 2009, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; CR- 72, just off I- 25, 32.67635 - 107.012973 1, 4348 ft., [APH _ 0654, 13 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Eddy: 0.3 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR 408 (Dark Canyon Rd), 32.28694 - 104.28646 1, 3320 ft., [APH _ 0363, 21 / 6 / 2008, 1 juv, Shasta Michaels, AUMNH]; 1.7 miles W US- 62 / 180 on CR- 408, 32.293874 - 104.309514 1, 3392 ft., [APH _ 0544, 6 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Lincoln National Forest, just off Queens Hwy, 32.20002 - 104.67976 1, 5583 ft., [APH _ 0522, 31 / 8 / 2008, 1 ♂, Rick C. West, AUMNH]; Hidalgo: 10 miles S I- 10 on Hwy- 338, 32.13267 - 108.87908 2, 4210 ft., [APH _ 0795, 22 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Clyde Mahan, AUMNH]; 2.64 miles W Hwy- 338 on Hwy- 9, 31.94331765 - 108.8509352 2, 4403 ft., [APH _ 0728, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 4 miles west of Animas, 31.942746 - 108.853622 5, 4400 ft., [APH _ 2628, 26 / 8 / 1960, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; along Hwy- 338, 32.226309 - 108.879093 1, 4078 ft., [APH _ 1510 - 1511, 8 / 9 / 2012, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1513 - 1515, 8 / 9 / 2012, 3 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, W of Animas, 31.94337666 - 108.8874883 2, 4407 ft., [APH _ 0726, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0729, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; along US- 70, SE of Hwy- 92, 32.612037 - 108.984613 1, 4151 ft., [APH _ 0645, 12 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; E side of Animas Mtns, 31.560017 - 108.499913 6, 4430 ft., [APH _ 0862, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; NM- 9 at Little Hatchet Mtns Rd, W of Hachita, 31.926633 - 108.363083 4, 4480 ft., [APH _ 0408 - 0410, 11 / 10 / 2008, 3 ♂, Kari McWest, Keisha Hendricks, AUMNH]; Luna: 15.5 miles NE Hwy- 180 on Hwy- 26, 32.430777 - 107.566477 1, 4584 ft., [APH _ 1572, 29 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Rio Arriba: along CR 55, 36.084375 - 106.12193 2, 5715 ft., [APH _ 1248, 1 / 11 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chis Tough, AUMNH]; Sandoval: Rt 44 (Rt 448), 3.7 miles west of Placitas, 35.269619 - 106.605786 4, 5046 ft., [APH _ 2198, 16 / 11 / 1963, 2 ♂, William A. Shear, AMNH]; Taos: 70 miles N of Santa Fe, 36.650692 - 105.636765 7, 7832 ft., [AUMS _ 2476, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Oklahoma: Bryan: Calera Golf Center, 2.5 miles S Calera on Hwy- 75, 33.9094 - 96.462 4, 755 ft., [APH _ 0156, 22 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Julianne Smith, AUMNH]; Cimarron: 6.6 miles S Colorado State line on US- 287, 36.900429 - 102.520409 1, 3924 ft., [APH _ 0555 - 0559, 8 / 6 / 2009, 2 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Oklahoma panhandle, Cimarron River, just N off Hwy 287 - 385, N of Boise City, 36.945676 - 102.521756 6, 3933 ft., [AUMS _ 2472, 1 / 6 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Cleveland: Lake Thunderbird State Park, 35.21208 - 97.24742 5, 1085 ft., [APH _ 0052, 25 / 6 / 2004, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0150, 25 / 6 / 2004, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Comanche: In the Wichita Mtns, 3 miles north of Medicine Park, 34.798239 - 98.511099 5, 1411 ft., [APH _ 2204, 19 / 5 / 1977, 1 ♀, J. C. Colkendolpher, AMNH]; N side of Wichita Mtns, 34.841533 - 98.727542 1, 1771 ft., [APH _ 0571 - 0574, 11 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Wichita National Forest, 37.683896 - 97.363593 5, 1302 ft., [APH _ 2176, unknown, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Wichita Mtns near Mount Scott, 34.767625 - 98.724761 6, 1955 ft., [APH _ 2601, 16 / 9 / 1971, 1 ♀, R. Forbes, AMNH]; Wichita Mtns Wildlife Refuge, 34.709358 - 98.623307 6, 1476 ft., [APH _ 2455, 6 / 9 / 1975, 1 ♂, F. Fryce, AMNH]; Wichita Mtns NWR - Comanche Rd., 34.780183 - 98.598183 1, 1520 ft., [APH _ 0873, 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Christian Cox, AUMNH]; Wichita Mtns NWR - Taylor Ranch Rd., 34.841783 - 98.728283 1, 1712 ft., [APH _ 0939, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Christian Cox, AUMNH]; Cotton: in cemetery NW of Walters, approx. 0.4 miles N Hwy- 5 on CR-N 2610, 34.367655 - 98.329618 1, 1029 ft., [APH _ 0575, 11 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Creek: SW of Tulsa, 35.99622 - 96.33341 1, 787 ft., [APH _ 0918, 25 / 4 / 2008, 1 ♂, Christian Cox, John Morse, AUMNH]; SW of Tulsa, NE OK off route 33, 35.99622 - 96.33341 1, 787 ft., [APH _ 0834, 25 / 4 / 2008, 1 ♀, Christian Cox, John Morse, AUMNH]; Jackson: 498 Honeysuckle ave, Altus, Altus Air Force Base, 34.664112 - 99.296041 1, 1372 ft., [APH _ 3124, 15 / 6 / 2013, 1 ♂, David Welch, AUMNH]; Latimer: Along US- 270, E of Red Oak, 34.950086 - 95.054512 1, 571 ft., [APH _ 0585, 24 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; unknown, 34.835035 - 95.31025 7, 830 ft., [APH _ 2182, 1931, 4 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2193, 6 / 1931, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, 1 juv, unknown, AMNH]; Le Flore: Ouachita Mtns, S of Smithville on US 259, 34.418983 - 94.676 1, 736 ft., [APH _ 0921, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Ouachita Mtns, S on Hwy 259 from Winding Stair Mountain, 34.600767 - 94.6987 1, 1701 ft., [APH _ 0920, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Mike Logan, AUMNH]; Ouachita Mtns, Winding Stair Mountain, 34.7489 - 94.8037 1, 2185 ft., [APH _ 0919, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Brian Fontenot, AUMNH]; Logan: Stillwater, 36.115607 - 97.058368 5, 876 ft., [APH _ 2181, 15 / 9 / 1969, 1 ♀, N. V. Horner, AMNH]; McCurtain: 1 mile east of Signal Mountain, Fort Hill, 34.333306 - 95.024261 4, 1168 ft., [APH _ 2201, 3 / 10 / 1952, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, T. Cohn, AMNH]; Oklahoma: Oklahoma City / Edmond at intersection of 150 th St and Macarrthur, 35.623642 - 97.620781 2, 1100 ft., [APH _ 0402, 21 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Natalie Ellis, AUMNH]; Osage: between Pahuska and Bartlesville (10 miles west of Bartlesville), 36.740071 - 96.299699 5, 827 ft., [APH _ 2606, 6 / 9 / 1940, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, A. Clay, AMNH]; Pontotoc: Ada, 34.773126 - 96.678772 5, 1007 ft., [APH _ 2607, 10 / 1981, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Washington: 2 miles W Bartlesville, Circle Mountain, forested area, 36.71598 - 95.99562 4, 677 ft., [APH _ 0026, 29 / 9 / 2002, 1 ♂, Jerry Tolbert, AUMNH]; Woodward: Alabaster Cavern- 9 miles south of Freedom, 36.698679 - 99.147057 5, 1742 ft., [APH _ 2605, 12 / 10 / 1952, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Texas: Bastrop: Wolf Lane and Pearce Rd, 30.140783 - 97.5673 5, 555 ft., [APH _ 0960 - 0964, 22 / 5 / 2006, 5 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Baylor: 7 miles north of Maybelle, 33.654334 - 99.263208 5, 1325 ft., [APH _ 2657, 8 / 11 / 1964, 2 ♂, Karl W. Haller, AMNH]; Brewster: 3.5 miles S US- 90 on US- 395, 30.15626 - 103.23608 1, 4070 ft., [APH _ 1288, 14 / 5 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Big Bend, 29.330733 - 103.536367 6, 2592 ft., [APH _ 0933, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; Black Gap WMA, 29.467633 - 102.837333 6, 1833 ft., [APH _ 0868, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0973, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0975, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Big Bend National Park, 0.55 miles S park boundary on US- 385, 29.67449 - 103.17149 1, 2910 ft., [APH _ 1289, 15 / 5 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Black Gap WMA, 29.5058 - 102.884817 1, 2205 ft., [APH _ 0932, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0972, 6 / 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0974, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Black Gap WMA, on FM 2627, 29.4867 - 102.862733 1, 2009 ft., [APH _ 0931, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; Carson: Pantex Plant, 35.302672 - 101.561938 5, 3534 ft., [AUMS _ 2328, 7 / 10 / 1997, 1 ♀, Felix Chavez, AUMNH]; Coleman: O. H. Ivie reservoir, 31.60165 - 99.5915 1, 1684 ft., [APH _ 0832, 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Collin: Anna, 2 miles E of junction of FM 455 and Hwy 75, 41 miles N of Dallas, 33.344388 - 96.552215 5, 659 ft., [AUMS _ 2327, 7 / 1988, 1 ♂, SCJ, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2330, 7 / 1988, 1 ♂, SCJ, AUMNH]; Cooke: Moss Lake, Sherman, 33.781417 - 97.221633 6, 777 ft., [APH _ 3035, unknown, 1 ♂, Russ Gurley, BMNH]; Coryell: Hwy 84, 14 miles W of Gatesville, 31.470143 - 97.977296 5, 1041 ft., [AUMS _ 2616, 27 / 6 / 1999, 1 ♂, M. Buffington, AUMNH]; Dallam: Dalhart, 36.059477 - 102.51325 5, 3986 ft., [AUMS _ 3291, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; just NE jct Thompson Grove Ln and Tex-Top Rd, 36.41505 - 102.82264 1, 4369 ft., [APH _ 0744, 25 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Dallas: 1455 N. Joe Wilson Road, Cedar Hill, 32.62016 - 96.925792 1, 731 ft., [APH _ 3125, 18 / 6 / 2013, 1 ♂, Nikki Miller, AUMNH]; Dallas, 32.802955 - 96.769923 6, 515 ft., [APH _ 2200, 5 / 1938, 1 ♀, Ottys Sanders, AMNH]; Dallas, Dallas Zoo, 32.73665 - 96.815917 1, 484 ft., [APH _ 0839, 5 / 2008, 1 ♂, Julie Post, AUMNH]; Dallas, Rest land cemetery, 32.924625 - 96.744856 1, 593 ft., [APH _ 0576, 12 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0837 - 0838, 7 / 2008, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0915 - 0916, 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0951, 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Grand Prairie, 32.728783 - 96.990383 1, 477 ft., [APH _ 0836, 3 / 2008, 1 ♀, Stephanie Rudy, AUMNH]; Gaines: Seminole, 0.4 miles NW 11 th St on Hwy- 214, 32.729362 - 102.661669 1, 3329 ft., [APH _ 0546, 7 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Gray: Pampa, approx. 12 miles S Pampa on US- 70, 35.35843 - 100.97436 5, 3210 ft., [APH _ 0023, 24 / 9 / 2002, 1 ♂, Kyle Harrison, AUMNH]; Grayson: 6 miles southwest of Pottsboro, 33.71582 - 96.73669 5, 666 ft., [APH _ 2664, 1 / 11 / 1965, 1 ♂, Karl W. Haller, AMNH]; Hartley: Smith Ranch, N side of FM- 767, 35.67812 - 102.72925 1, 3813 ft., [APH _ 0745, 27 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Hays: Buda, Buda High School, 30.03265 - 97.89275 4, 848 ft., [APH _ 0910, 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Kyle, 29.995 - 97.893867 5, 801 ft., [APH _ 0835, 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0872, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; unknown rd N of FM- 3296, 35.82407 - 102.95766 1, 4122 ft., [APH _ 0743, 26 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Hill: 5 miles north of Itasca, 32.22622 - 97.156988 5, 659 ft., [APH _ 2185, 16 / 7 / 1958, 1 ♂, P. Carne Jr., AMNH]; Jeff Davis: Davis Mtns, 30.8044 - 103.8923 1, 4087 ft., [APH _ 0936, 31 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Christian Cox, AUMNH]; Davis Mtns State Park, 30.592854 - 103.940197 1, 5045 ft., [APH _ 0536, 4 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Davis Mtns, Hwy 118 between McDonald observatory and Davis Mtns State Park, 30.6638 - 104.0317 1, 6154 ft., [APH _ 0934, 31 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♀, Christian Cox, AUMNH]; Davis Mtns, Hwy 118 between McDonald observatory and Hwy 166, 30.7049 - 104.1118 1, 5905 ft., [APH _ 0935, 31 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Christian Cox, AUMNH]; Davis Mtns, Hwy 166 at the foothills of the Davis Mtns, 30.63155 - 104.278117 1, 5393 ft., [APH _ 0937, 31 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; Fort Davis, 30.588211 - 103.894625 5, 4895 ft., [APH _ 2466, 5 / 1938, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Kimble: CR 182, Junction, 30.470278 - 99.756389 1, 1743 ft., [APH _ 1066, 15 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Skyler Stevens, AUMNH]; McCulloch: Brady, Brady Lake, 31.1235 - 99.384517 1, 1759 ft., [APH _ 0827 - 0831, 7 / 2008, 4 ♀, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; McLennan: Waco, near Lake Waco, 31.553483 - 97.203633 5, 559 ft., [APH _ 0914, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Oldham: Boys Ranch area, Hwy 385, S of Canadian River, 35.500017 - 102.25236 5, 3222 ft., [AUMS _ 2474, 25 / 10 / 1986, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Parmer: 2 miles north of Friona, 34.670063 - 102.72741 4, 4029 ft., [APH _ 2184, 5 / 10 / 1961, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; Presidio: Terlingua, 29.323867 - 103.617117 6, 3020 ft., [APH _ 0863, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; unknown, 29.948067 - 104.100133 7, 4310 ft., [APH _ 0870, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Randall: Canyon, field due west of Canyon Crest Apts., 34.9703 - 101.92336 2, 3602 ft., [APH _ 0041, 24 / 5 / 2002, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; FM Rd 1151 W jct. Whitaker Rd near playa lake, 35.09147 - 101.75591 4, 3573 ft., [APH _ 0035, 26 / 9 / 2006, 1 ♂, Kari McWest, AUMNH]; San Saba: Colorado Bend State Park, 31.095817 - 98.501567 1, 1185 ft., [APH _ 0822 - 0826, 6 / 2008, 5 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0909, 6 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0976, 6 / 2008, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Sherman: 10 miles south of Texhoma, 36.399192 - 101.803752 5, 3510 ft., [APH _ 2645, 9 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. Ivie, AMNH]; 6 miles south of Stratford, 36.284667 - 102.049499 5, 3655 ft., [APH _ 2662, 9 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. Ivie, AMNH]; Tarrant: 537 Jakmar Rd, Benbrook, 32.6549 - 97.47915 2, 800 ft., [APH _ 0361, 6 / 2008, 1 ♂, Laura Gleason, AUMNH]; Travis: 1907 Casa Grande, Austin, 30.34272 - 97.86449 2, 673 ft., [APH _ 0015, 14 / 9 / 2002, 1 ♂, Mike Comai, AUMNH]; 5203 Rico Cove, Austin, 30.374853 - 97.77368 2, 885 ft., [APH _ 0401, 5 / 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Rhone McCall, AUMNH]; Austin, 30.303983 - 97.839883 6, 991 ft., [APH _ 0875, 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Austin - City Park Rd and Pence Ln, 30.354083 - 97.832567 1, 843 ft., [APH _ 0812, 6 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0904, 6 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Austin - Cuernavaca area in West Lake Hills, 30.34478 - 97.85278 1, 623 ft., [APH _ 0159, Summer / 2007, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0816 - 0819, 6 / 2008, 4 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Austin - Red Bud trail in West Lake Hills, 30.2984 - 97.80258 1, 784 ft., [APH _ 0158, Summer / 2007, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0813 - 0815, 6 / 2008, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0906 - 0907, 6 / 2008, 2 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Austin area, along Wild Basin Ledge, 30.307721 - 97.818971 2, 774 ft., [APH _ 0748, 5 / 9 / 2009, 1 ♂, Claudia Cobianchi, AUMNH]; Austin Baseball Field, 30.267153 - 97.743061 6, 459 ft., [APH _ 2186, 29 / 5 / 1958, 1 ♀, W. H. McAlister, AMNH]; [APH _ 2187, 21 / 7 / 1958, 1 ♂, W. H. McAlister, AMNH]; Austin, Duvall and Jolleyville Rd, 30.417283 - 97.750033 6, 882 ft., [APH _ 0911, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Austin, near 290 and 71 split, 30.2425 - 97.874367 6, 941 ft., [APH _ 0876, 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Jonestown - Reed Park, 30.4779 - 97.94605 1, 860 ft., [APH _ 0160, Summer / 2007, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0820 - 0821, 6 / 2008, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0908, 6 / 2008, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0949, 6 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Val Verde: Comstock, 29.685683 - 101.17145 1, 1580 ft., [APH _ 0833, 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Del Rio - Lake Amistad, 29.496167 - 101.04455 5, 1147 ft., [APH _ 0927, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Del Rio, 29.370886 - 100.895867 6, 995 ft., [APH _ 0971, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Del Rio, on spur 454, 29.460165 - 100.948547 5, 1139 ft., [APH _ 0957, 6 / 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Langtry, 29.809722 - 101.5525 1, 1272 ft., [APH _ 1063, 18 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Travis Fisher, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0958, 6 / 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Langtry, Hwy 90, 29.814633 - 101.563317 1, 1372 ft., [APH _ 0867, 5 / 2008, 1 ♀, Corey Roelke, AUMNH]; N of Langtry on Pandale Dirt Rd, 29.828883 - 101.59095 6, 1425 ft., [APH _ 0926, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Pandale, 30.130017 - 101.575733 1, 1607 ft., [APH _ 1070, 2 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♂, Lynn McCutchen, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1071, 26 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♂, Roxana Leija, AUMNH]; Wichita: 4 miles southeast of Burkburnett, 34.067561 - 98.541374 5, 994 ft., [APH _ 2665, 4 / 7 / 1975, 1 ♂, J. Cokendolpher, AMNH]; unknown, 33.930965 - 98.748117 7, 1007 ft., [APH _ 2199, 23 / 4 / 1975, 1 ♀, M. Nipper, AMNH]; Wilbarger: 12 miles west of Electra, 34.025734 - 99.145057 5, 1171 ft., [APH _ 2179, 3 / 9 / 1998, 1 ♀, M. E. Janowski-Bell, AMNH]; [APH _ 2192, 3 / 9 / 1998, 1 ♂, M. E. Janowski-Bell, AMNH]; Williamson: Cedar Park, 30.5015 - 97.847917 5, 1018 ft., [APH _ 0905, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Core Hole Cave- 1 mile south Georgetown, 30.607738 - 97.687453 5, 787 ft., [APH _ 2555, 3 / 11 / 1963, 1 ♀, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, John Porter, AMNH]; Leander, 30.57295 - 97.850467 5, 972 ft., [APH _ 0896 - 0897, 2006, 2 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Round Rock, Fern Bluff Elementary, 30.517917 - 97.719917 4, 806 ft., [APH _ 0912, 6 / 2008, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Taylor, 30.560167 - 97.413333 5, 518 ft., [APH _ 0913, 6 / 2008, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Yoakum: unknown rd N of Hwy- 380, 33.35231 - 103.01736 1, 3857 ft., [APH _ 0746, 17 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
42FBA5E0A4898BAC80644E470F11FEC5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in recognition of Wendell Icenogle, an arachnologist and prolific collector of North American mygalomorph spiders. This work benefitted substantially from his help collecting specimens and his wealth of knowledge concerning tarantulas in the United States.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
42FBA5E0A4898BAC80644E470F11FEC5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma icenoglei (Fig. 56) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma icenoglei as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma mojave, Aphonopelma atomicum sp. n., Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n., and Aphonopelma joshua. Aphonopelma icenoglei can easily be differentiated from Aphonopelma iodius by its smaller size and limited extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV, and from Aphonopelma atomicum and Aphonopelma prenticei by locality. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma icenoglei from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 3 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma icenoglei can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 3 L / W (≥ 3.51; 3.51 - 3.90) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 3.40; 2.92 - 3.40) and Aphonopelma prenticei (≤ 3.27; 2.76 - 3.27); a larger PTl / F 3 (≥ 0.67; 0.67 - 0.71) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.61; 0.55 - 0.61) and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (≤ 0.63; 0.59 - 0.63); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (31 % - 46 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (62 % - 88 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma icenoglei from Aphonopelma mojave. The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma icenoglei from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are M 4 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma icenoglei can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 / M 4 (≥ 1.07; 1.07 - 1.23) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 1.04; 0.98 - 1.04); a larger A 3 / M 4 (≥ 0.63; 0.63 - 0.70) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 0.58; 0.57 - 0.58) and Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.59; 0.50 - 0.59); a smaller Cl / F 1 (≤ 1.16; 1.07 - 1.16) than Aphonopelma prenticei (≥ 1.17; 1.17 - 1.33); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (27 % - 42 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma icenoglei from Aphonopelma mojave. Aphonopelma icenoglei is most similar (morphologically and geographically) to Aphonopelma mojave but these two species are phylogenetically distinct and probably are not sister taxa (Figs 7, 8).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
42FBA5E0A4898BAC80644E470F11FEC5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Los Angeles: 0.66 miles N Ft Tejon Rd on Valyermo Rd, 34.468812 - 117.860377 1, 3532 ft., [APH _ 0756 - 0757, 4 / 10 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.67 miles S Hwy- 18 on 263 rd St, 34.48904 - 117.661058 1, 3461 ft., [APH _ 1202, 30 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 1.15 miles N of Valyermo, Bobs Gap Rd, 34.448937 - 117.82921 4, 3920 ft., [AUMS _ 2511, 4 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinon Hills off Hwy 138, 34.448134 - 117.668735 5, 4002 ft., [AUMS _ 2515, 1993, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Valyermo, 34.446108 - 117.852286 5, 4403 ft., [APH _ 2400, 28 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Riverside: Eagle Mountain area, 2 miles E of Cottonwood Springs, 33.733266 - 115.784522 5, 3485 ft., [AUMS _ 2464, 4 / 4 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, 33.82491 - 115.720588 6, 2423 ft., [APH _ 0885, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; near junction of Main Rd. and past Cottonwood Road by Eagle Mt. mine, 33.828312 - 115.756448 5, 2476 ft., [AUMS _ 2643, 12 / 1999, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: 0.5 miles SE Mikiska Blvd along Hwy- 247 (NW of Landers), 34.319594 - 116.48102 1, 3406 ft., [APH _ 0761 - 0762, 5 / 10 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.6 miles S Hwy- 62 on La Contenta Rd, 34.126565 - 116.368852 1, 3170 ft., [APH _ 1562, 25 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 1 miles W Ft. Irwin Rd on Irwin Rd, 34.998665 - 116.945203 1, 2658 ft., [APH _ 1320, 30 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 1.1 miles NE Lucerne Valley Cutoff along Hwy- 247 (Barstow Rd), 34.614513 - 116.968992 1, 3239 ft., [APH _ 0760, 5 / 10 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 12.2 miles west of junction of 177 and Highway 62, 34.046346 - 115.432997 4, 2205 ft., [APH _ 2391, 12 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2398, 24 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2402, 24 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 2.6 miles S Phelan Rd on Baldy Mesa Rd, 34.389404 - 117.454546 1, 3904 ft., [APH _ 1577 - 1578, 6 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 3.7 miles north of Pipes Canyon Rd. Highway 247 Access Rd., 34.243922 - 116.440137 4, 3484 ft., [APH _ 2395, 18 / 4 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 7.5 miles north of Pipes Canyon Rd., 34.303363 - 116.440492 5, 3133 ft., [APH _ 2396, 14 / 4 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; along Hwy- 62, west of Coxcomb Mtns, 34.090719 - 115.424593 1, 1767 ft., [APH _ 1584 - 1585, 7 / 11 / 2012, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Apple Valley, 2 miles south of Highway 18, Milpas Dr., 34.53717 - 117.103251 4, 3140 ft., [APH _ 2393, 5 / 5 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Cadiz Valley, 34.03779 - 115.238314 5, 1247 ft., [APH _ 2389, 24 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Coxcomb Mtns, Highway 177 and Highway 62 - 12.2 miles west of junction, 34.026317 - 115.431625 5, 2743 ft., [APH _ 2397, 31 / 1 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; E of Apple Valley, High Rd and Castle Rock Rd, 34.40636 - 117.033581 1, 3551 ft., [APH _ 1201, 30 / 7 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Hondo Rd. between Pipes canyon Rd. and New Dixie Mine Rd., 1 mile west of highway 247, 34.244106 - 116.456685 5, 3681 ft., [APH _ 2392, 14 / 4 / 1990, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Hwy 177 and 62 Jct, 12.2 miles west, 34.105603 - 115.45904 5, 2100 ft., [AUMS _ 2541, 31 / 1 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, northeast corner west of Coxcomb Mtns, off Highway 62, 34.026111 - 115.404444 5, 2940 ft., [APH _ 2401, 2 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Kramer Junction (near jct. Hwy- 58 and Hwy- 395), 34.999749 - 117.528159 1, 2443 ft., [APH _ 1321 - 1322, 30 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; N of Lucerne Valley, off Hwy 247 (Barstow Rd.), 34.5345 - 116.943833 1, 2864 ft., [APH _ 3117 - 3118, 3 / 12 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; North Lucerne Valley, Highway 247, 34.573636 - 116.970782 5, 3077 ft., [APH _ 2419, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; North Lucerne Valley, Highway 247, 20 miles south of Barstow, 34.598835 - 116.966024 5, 3130 ft., [APH _ 2394, 16 / 10 / 1990, 1 ♂, S. Kutcher, AMNH]; [APH _ 2417, 16 / 10 / 1990, 1 ♂, S. Kutcher, AMNH]; North of pipes Canyon Rd., Hondo Rd., 34.244106 - 116.456685 5, 3681 ft., [APH _ 2399, 14 / 4 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; off Hwy 247, N of Lucerne Valley, 34.53234 - 116.93977 1, 2848 ft., [APH _ 3146 - 3150, 10 / 11 / 2013, 4 ♀, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; off Hwy 247, west side of road, S of La Brisa Dr. and N of Pipes Canyon Rd, 34.20272 - 116.44434 1, 3585 ft., [APH _ 3151 - 3153, 10 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Rattlesnake Spring Rd., off highway 247 toward Rattlesnake Rd and Two Hole Spring, 34.367051 - 116.652323 5, 3153 ft., [APH _ 2416, 1 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; South of Apple Valley, up Coxey Rd. into San Bernardino Mtns, 34.338472 - 117.065683 5, 5761 ft., [APH _ 2418, 4 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Pren tice, AMNH]; W side of La Contenta Rd, off Hwy 62, E of Yucca Valley, 34.126055 - 116.368585 1, 3297 ft., [APH _ 3154 - 3156, 10 / 11 / 2013, 2 ♀, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Yucca Trail (Road), 3 miles east of Yucca Valley, 34.120528 - 116.404976 5, 3301 ft., [APH _ 2710, 2 / 8 / 1973, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; Yucca Valley - La Contenta - west side, 34.11243 - 116.370359 5, 3481 ft., [APH _ 2415, 2 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
379D861460A83E8D23E5C2E5B2F0AB6A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma iodius (Fig. 61) is a member of the iodius species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma iodius as a strongly supported lineage that is the sister lineage to Aphonopelma eutylenum, and paraphyletic with regards to the incipient species lineage Aphonopelma johnnycashi sp. n. (Fig. 8). There are no pronounced measurements or characters that help discriminate male or female Aphonopelma iodius from closely related phylogenetic species in the iodius species group, except for Aphonopelma johnnycashi sp. n., which is geographically and morphologically distinct. Males and females of Aphonopelma iodius can easily be differentiated from Aphonopelma steindachneri by their lighter color and greater extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV, and from syntopic members of the paloma species group (Aphonopelma atomicum sp. n., Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n., Aphonopelma joshua, Aphonopelma mojave, and Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n.) by their larger size. Male Aphonopelma iodius possess a larger L 3 scopulation extent (78 % - 96 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (40 % - 54 %), and a larger L 4 scopulation extent (62 % - 88 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (21 % - 31 %). Female Aphonopelma iodius possess a larger L 3 scopulation extent (72 % - 95 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (51 % - 61 %), and a larger L 4 scopulation extent (59 % - 83 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (24 % - 34 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
379D861460A83E8D23E5C2E5B2F0AB6A.taxon	description	Description. Originally described by Chamberlin and Ivie (1939).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
379D861460A83E8D23E5C2E5B2F0AB6A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Coconino: House Rock - off 89 A, 36.729414 - 112.037386 5, 5337 ft., [AUMS _ 3299, 3 / 7 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2386, 2 / 7 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; off US- 89 A, Soap Creek Rd, 36.72439 - 111.7556 1, 4211 ft., [APH _ 0303, 8 / 10 / 07, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Mohave: Road to Summit Springs,. 25 miles from the UT / AZ border, 36.99566 - 113.917793 4, 2533 ft., [APH _ 2216, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, 0.3 miles S of UT / AZ border, 36.991946 - 113.93678 4, 2450 ft., [AUMS _ 3286, 6 / 10 / 93, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91, 36.985176 - 113.920017 5, 2398 ft., [APH _ 2218, 20 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old How 91,. 2 miles south of UT / AZ line, 36.996269 - 113.918282 5, 2520 ft., [APH _ 2258, 6 / 10 / 93, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; California: Alameda: 5 miles SE of Livermore at jct. of Mines Rd. and Del Valle Rd., 37.62253 - 121.7028 4, 784 ft., [APH _ 0180 - 0182, 5 / 9 / 07, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; Berkeley, 37.871593 - 122.272747 5, 164 ft., [APH _ 2459, 24 / 9 / 1935, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2460, 15 / 4 / 1936, 1 ♀, W. J. Baerg, AMNH]; Mines Rd, SE of Livermore, 37.5896 - 121.6233 4, 1860 ft., [APH _ 0404, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; open area just SW jct Del Valle Rd and Mendenhall Rd [on trail along side of hill]; 37.604004 - 121.686283 4, 1396 ft., [APH _ 0104 - 0106, 6 / 5 / 07, 3 ♀, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; Contra Costa: Mt. Diablo State Park, 37.920733 - 121.941483 1, 589 ft., [APH _ 0985 - 0986, 9 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Kyle Dickerson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0988 - 0989, 10 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Cody Will, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2150, 10 / 1966, 3 ♀, Pat Warner, AMNH]; [APH _ 2151, 10 / 1967, 1 ♂, Pat Warner, AMNH]; Mt. Diablo State Park, 1.35 miles E Mt Diablo Scenic Blvd on Summit Rd, 37.868743 - 121.923839 2, 2640 ft., [APH _ 0102 - 0103, 15 / 4 / 2007, 2 ♀, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; S of Antioch / Brentwood, Camino Diablo Rd and Vasco Rd, 37.865167 - 121.668233 1, 114 ft., [APH _ 2031, 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Mike Marciano, AUMNH]; Fresno: Coalinga, 36.09221 - 120.42766 5, 904 ft., [APH _ 0307 - 0308, 11 / 9 / 07, 2 ♀, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; Imperial: E of 78 / N of Picacho State Recreation Area, on Black Mountain Rd, 33.08765 - 114.85645 1, 1564 ft., [APH _ 2028, 9 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, Peter Scott, AUMNH]; E of 78 / N of Picacho State Recreation Area, on Black Mountain Rd, S of 1128, 33.06294 - 114.83999 1, 1849 ft., [APH _ 2029, 9 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, Peter Scott, AUMNH]; Hwy 78, 2 / 10 mile E of jct with Ogilby Road (S 34); 33.088327 - 114.907025 1, 1025 ft., [APH _ 3212, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Inyo: along Waucoba Rd, 37.14549 - 118.13074 2, 6034 ft., [APH _ 1242 - 1243, 15 / 10 / 2010, 2 ♂, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; Death Valley National Park, Daylight Pass Rd, near mile 11 marker, Amargosa Mtns, 36.75975 - 116.9308 1, 3660 ft., [APH _ 1080, 3 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1083, 4 / 10 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Death Valley National Park, Emigrant Canyon Rd, Panamint Mtns, 36.42383 - 117.19048 1, 4064 ft., [APH _ 1078 - 1079, 3 / 10 / 10, 2 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1081 - 1082, 4 / 10 / 10, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Death Valley National Park, Mesquite Spring Campground Rd, Amargosa Mtns, 36.97597 - 117.36693 1, 1930 ft., [APH _ 1084, 4 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Deep Springs Valley, E of summit of Westgard Pass, 37.331895 - 118.037264 5, 5110 ft., [AUMS _ 2351, 16 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, Frank Hovore, AUMNH]; Westgard Pass Road, 2.3 miles E of Big Pine, 37.204734 - 118.242688 4, 4318 ft., [AUMS _ 2450, 20 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Kern: 1 mile S of Maricopa, 35.051693 - 119.410088 5, 1000 ft., [AUMS _ 2370, 7 / 12 / 69, 1 ♂, E. K. Slope, AUMNH]; 12 miles WNW McKittrick, Temblor Range, 35.34526 - 119.80899 4, 3258 ft., [APH _ 0045, 16 / 4 / 2000, 1 juv, James Pitts, AUMNH]; outside Rosamond, in hills N or Tropico; off Mojave-Tropico Rd, 34.88133 - 118.23144 1, 2637 ft., [APH _ 3103, 19 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♂, Chris Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 20 Mule Team Rd., 9.5 miles E of Cal City, 35.194924 - 117.774276 5, 2867 ft., [AUMS _ 2380, 20 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; 7.6 miles east of California City on 20 Mule Team Parkway, 35.161453 - 117.863179 4, 2539 ft., [APH _ 2223, 20 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Lassen: 0.5 miles S of Hwy 395, N of Honey Lake, where Smoke Creek Ranch Rd. joins Hwy 395, 40.425413 - 120.279483 4, 4539 ft., [AUMS _ 2672, 9 / 9 / 00, 1 ♀, Stephan Wiley, AUMNH]; Los Angeles: Lang, 34.44549 - 118.37372 5, 1862 ft., [APH _ 0592, 13 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; E of Hi Vista, Avenue G, 34.734973 - 117.765229 5, 3028 ft., [APH _ 2720, 10 / 11 / 1963, 1 ♂, Geo. R. Wilson, AMNH]; Mono: Benton, 37.819199 - 118.474701 5, 5410 ft., [APH _ 2676, 27 / 9 / 1941, 1 ♂, L. A. Hart, AMNH]; [APH _ 2679, 7 / 10 / 43, 1 ♂, W. M. Pearce, AMNH]; Monterey: Arroyo Seco, foothills of Santa Lucia Range, 36.238772 - 121.480529 5, 977 ft., [AUMS _ 2489, 6 / 11 / 87, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Carmel, 36.555239 - 121.923288 5, 233 ft., [APH _ 2815, 6 / 1 / 54, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Carmel Valley, 36.479925 - 121.7328 5, 410 ft., [APH _ 2713, 11 / 1944, 1 ♂, Fred E. Samson, AMNH]; [APH _ 2718, 6 / 10 / 53, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; dry valley 14 miles southeast of Monterey, 36.471026 - 121.702876 5, 850 ft., [APH _ 2471, unknown, 1 ♂, E. Ricketts, AMNH]; Hastings Natural History Reservation, Robles del Rio, 36.367998 - 121.563616 5, 1542 ft., [APH _ 2698, unknown, 1 ♂, Linsdale, AMNH]; [APH _ 2714, unknown, 1 ♂, Linsdale, AMNH]; [APH _ 2721, unknown, 1 ♂, Linsdale, AMNH]; Los Laureles Grade Road, southeast of Monterey, 36.518052 - 121.756652 5, 768 ft., [APH _ 2696, 8 / 10 / 66, 1 ♂, P. Warner, AMNH]; Santa Lucia Range - Los Padres NF, Arroyo Seco (Campground); 36.231711 - 121.485187 5, 944 ft., [AUMS _ 3306, 6 / 11 / 87, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Nacimiento, along Nacimiento Lake Dr. (Co. Hwy G 14); west of Camp Roberts, W of San Miguel, 35.69067 - 120.79972 1, 1007 ft., [APH _ 2041, 7 / 12 / 11, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; Lake Nacimiento, on Vista Rd at junction with Nacimiento Lake Dr. (Co. Road 19); west of Camp Roberts, W of San Miguel, 35.79395 - 120.8727 1, 646 ft., [APH _ 2042, 7 / 12 / 11, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; Riverside: 3 miles W of I- 10 off Hwy 177, 33.705262 - 115.451685 5, 1110 ft., [AUMS _ 3326, 8 / 10 / 89, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Hexie Mountains, 33.830162 - 115.983601 6, 3812 ft., [APH _ 2220, 16 / 4 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monument, Pinto Basin, 33.925009 - 115.700823 5, 1538 ft., [AUMS _ 2371, 10 / 1962, 1 ♂, Van Hoose and Rainey, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monument, west of Hidden Valley picnic area, 34.010251 - 116.173413 5, 4163 ft., [APH _ 2228, 5 / 8 / 87, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, Cottonwood Springs area, 33.74139 - 115.811471 1, 3112 ft., [APH _ 1500 - 1501, 5 / 9 / 12, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2235, 25 / 2 / 1985, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2240, 4 / 4 / 89, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, first roadside pullout stop from west entrance along Quail Springs Rd, along trail, 34.07156 - 116.23954 4, 4040 ft., [APH _ 0332 - 0334, 8 / 5 / 08, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, near Cottonwood Campground, 33.740358 - 115.812362 1, 3046 ft., [APH _ 1327, 31 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, off El Dorado Mine Rd / Cottonwood Springs Rd, 1 / 2 mile N of Porcupine Wash, 33.84946 - 115.78205 1, 2386 ft., [APH _ 1008, 10 / 5 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, on service rd to maintenance area, off El Dorado Mine Rd, 34.02212 - 116.01233 1, 3624 ft., [APH _ 1005 - 1006, 10 / 5 / 10, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, picnic area, Covington Flats area, 34.027454 - 116.30194 1, 4656 ft., [APH _ 0491, 16 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1198, 29 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, S border, 3.4 miles E of Cottonwood Springs Rd, 33.66753 - 115.726563 4, 1750 ft., [AUMS _ 2684, 23 / 8 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; near Red Cloud Mine, 33.621745 - 115.463815 6, 2068 ft., [AUMS _ 2369, 25 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Orocopia Mtns, Joshua Tree National Monument exit, 33.613298 - 115.853258 5, 2108 ft., [AUMS _ 3288, 16 / 12 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pleasant Valley, Joshua Tree National Park, 33.914434 - 116.052056 5, 3292 ft., [AUMS _ 2683, 27 / 8 / 1966, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Quail Springs Rd (National Park Drive); 3 miles NW of picnic area, 2.7 miles SE of monument entrance, Joshua Tree National Park, 34.068483 - 116.235733 4, 3976 ft., [APH _ 2247, 3 / 8 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; West Palm Springs Village, Cottonwood Rd, 1.4 miles N of I- 10, San Bernardino Mtns, 33.938417 - 116.697217 1, 1621 ft., [APH _ 3136, 20 / 9 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Whitewater Canyon Rd area NW of Palm Springs, 33.965967 - 116.651917 1, 1896 ft., [APH _ 2036 - 2037, 7 / 27 / 11, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Warren Burke, AUMNH]; Whitewater Canyon Rd, 3 miles N of junction with I- 10, San Bernardino Mtns, 33.96385 - 116.65105 1, 1878 ft., [APH _ 3135, 8 / 9 / 13, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; San Benito: E of Hollister, off Quien Sabe Rd, E of Tres Pinos, 36.80288 - 121.30323 1, 805 ft., [APH _ 2001 - 2003, 10 / 10 / 10, 3 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, RJ Adams, AUMNH]; Hwy 25, 1.5 miles N of Pinnacles turn off, old Horace Bacon Ranch, 36.535996 - 121.148339 5, 1309 ft., [AUMS _ 2495, 8 / 11 / 87, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; just E of Hwy- 25, vicinity of Pinnacles National Monument, 36.49367 - 121.06376 2, 1842 ft., [APH _ 0151, unknown, 1 juv, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinnacles N. Mon.,. 25 miles S of Hwy 25, 36.517091 - 121.13235 4, 1197 ft., [AUMS _ 2500, 7 / 11 / 87, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinnacles N. Mon., 8 miles N of turnoff from Hwy 25, 36.48708 - 121.21392 4, 1458 ft., [AUMS _ 2508, 7 / 11 / 87, 2 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pinnacles, old Horace Bacon Ranch, 1.5 miles NE of Pinnacles, 36.535699 - 121.148194 5, 1310 ft., [AUMS _ 2494, 8 / 11 / 87, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: 10 miles south of Barstow on Hwy 247, 34.754995 - 117.007841 5, 2877 ft., [APH _ 2252, 7 / 11 / 91, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Coxcomb Mountains, 8 miles west of Hwy 62, 33.990731 - 115.430123 5, 3402 ft., [APH _ 2230, 4 / 2 / 90, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; NE slope of Coxcomb Mountains, 8 miles west of Hwy 62, 34.048671 - 115.335004 5, 1614 ft., [APH _ 2227, 4 / 2 / 90, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Reche Rd, 4.5 miles east of Landers, 34.265929 - 116.304316 4, 2730 ft., [APH _ 2242, 18 / 10 / 1981, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 1.1 miles NE Lucerne Valley Cutoff along Hwy- 247 (Barstow Rd); 34.614513 - 116.968992 1, 3239 ft., [APH _ 0758 - 0759, 5 / 10 / 09, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 11 miles north of Buelton, 34.677234 - 120.157748 5, 745 ft., [APH _ 2701, 23 / 9 / 1965, 1 ♂, Jean and Wilton Ivie, AMNH]; 2.6 miles S Phelan Rd on Baldy Mesa Rd, 34.389973 - 117.454903 1, 3974 ft., [APH _ 1575 - 1576, 6 / 11 / 12, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 3 - 4 miles E of Milpas Dr. Hwy, 18 miles S of Hwy by power lines, 34.525984 - 116.984374 5, 3028 ft., [AUMS _ 2521, 28 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 36 miles E of Joshua Tree National Monument headquarters, 34.124371 - 115.408958 5, 1548 ft., [AUMS _ 2540, 12 / 11 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 62, west of Coxcomb Mountains, 34.113767 - 115.496503 1, 2252 ft., [APH _ 1582 - 1583, 7 / 11 / 12, 1 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Apple Valley, 34.500666 - 117.172078 5, 2943 ft., [AUMS _ 3312, 07 / 1973, 1 ♂, R. Estrada, AUMNH]; Coxcomb Mountains, 0.3 miles N of JTNM Boundary, 34.002853 - 115.426675 4, 1892 ft., [AUMS _ 2537, 24 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; E of Twentynine Palms, off Hwy 62 - N side of road, near Joshua Tree National Park, 34.11838 - 115.89557 1, 1660 ft., [APH _ 3157 - 3160, 10 / 11 / 13, 2 ♂, 2 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Hesperia, 2.5 miles S Phelan Rd on Baldy Mesa Rd, 34.389771 - 117.453406 1, 3692 ft., [APH _ 1326, 31 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Honda Road, 34.111948 - 116.461021 6, 3403 ft., [AUMS _ 2524, 14 / 4 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monument, W of small picnic area, Quail Mtn. area, 33.97058 - 116.299793 5, 3977 ft., [AUMS _ 2467, 10 / 8 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lucerne Valley, Hwy 18 - 3 miles SE Hwy 247, High Desert, 34.423672 - 116.918691 5, 3077 ft., [AUMS _ 2381, 1 / 11 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; off Hwy 247, N of Lucerne Valley, 34.53291 - 116.9397 1, 2850 ft., [APH _ 3145, 10 / 11 / 13, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; 3.6 miles W of Nipton on Nipton Rd., 35.45746 - 115.3346 1, 2665 ft., [APH _ 0318, 6 / 5 / 08, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Stephen Rash, AUMNH]; Halloran Summit Road, 0.3 miles N I- 15, 35.407038 - 115.795374 1, 4079 ft., [APH _ 0515, 21 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Kingston Range, Excelsior Mine Rd, 35.71268 - 115.79702 2, 3601 ft., [APH _ 1642, 26 / 11 / 2012, 1 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; 100 yards N Havasu Lake Road, 2 miles SE of jct with Hwy 95, 34.532801 - 114.624968 1, 1670 ft., [APH _ 3201, 11 / 11 / 13, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Eastern slope of Whipple Mountains, Black Landing road across from Gene Wash reservoir, 34.346101 - 114.205737 5, 588 ft., [AUMS _ 3310, 4 / 2 / 90, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Hwy 95, ~ 8 miles N of jct with Havasu lake Road, S of Lobecks Pass, 34.672525 - 114.625747 1, 1578 ft., [APH _ 3202, 16 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; near Needles, on River Road, 2.5 miles S of I- 40, 34.794722 - 114.608835 5, 725 ft., [AUMS _ 2349, 22 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; off Hwy 62, W of Parker (Whipple Mtns); 34.2131 - 114.42914 1, 987 ft., [APH _ 1004, 9 / 5 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; 3.1 miles east of Kramer Jct on Hwy 56, 34.983798 - 117.484214 4, 2414 ft., [APH _ 2250, 8 / 11 / 92, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; East Mojave Desert, Mid Hills near Providence Mountain, 35.22291 - 115.457469 6, 4429 ft., [APH _ 2222, 13 / 5 / 1989, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Kelso-Cina Rd, 11.5 miles north of Kelso, 35.135929 - 115.530791 4, 3382 ft., [APH _ 2236, 1 / 11 / 92, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Kelso-Cina Rd, 6.3 miles north of Kelso, 35.083174 - 115.567666 4, 2926 ft., [APH _ 2251, 1 / 11 / 92, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 1 mile west of Powerline Rd., 35.357912 - 117.623138 5, 3664 ft., [APH _ 2233, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2234, 13 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 1.5 miles west of Hwy 395, 35.358458 - 117.640062 4, 3937 ft., [APH _ 2237, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 1.5 miles west of Powerline rd., 35.352194 - 117.606607 4, 3802 ft., [APH _ 2221, 13 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 19 miles north of Kramer Junction, 1.5 miles west of Hwy 395, 35.361421 - 117.621001 5, 3694 ft., [APH _ 2255, 13 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 19 miles north of Kramer Junction, off Hwy 395, 35.353665 - 117.617923 5, 3589 ft., [APH _ 2238, 14 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2239, 12 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2241, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2246, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 20 miles north of Kramer Jct, 1.5 miles west of Hwy 395, 35.363666 - 117.623444 5, 3694 ft., [APH _ 2256, 22 / 1 / 1994, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 20 miles north of Kramer Jct, on Power Rd, 35.361066 - 117.615155 5, 3602 ft., [APH _ 2243, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, off Hwy 395, 35.36059 - 117.615889 6, 3664 ft., [APH _ 2231, 14 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AMNH]; East Mojave, Black Canyon Rd., 2 miles N of Essex Rd. jct., 34.937755 - 115.413054 4, 3180 ft., [AUMS _ 2372, 25 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 35.316678 - 117.591078 6, 3164 ft., [AUMS _ 2353, 14 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, Tom Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, ~ 19 miles N of Kramer Junction, 35.271452 - 117.630077 5, 3220 ft., [AUMS _ 2373, 3 / 10 / 92, 1 ♀, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2375, 13 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, ~ 19 miles N of Kramer Junction - Hwy 395, power line rd., 35.262031 - 117.612309 5, 3059 ft., [AUMS _ 2374, 3 / 10 / 92, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, ~ 19 miles N of Kramer Junction, 0.4 W of powerline, 35.250499 - 117.616993 5, 3000 ft., [AUMS _ 2378, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 0.6 miles 20 Mule Team Rd., 35.251471 - 117.617676 4, 3011 ft., [AUMS _ 2377, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 1 mile W of power line rd., 35.296474 - 117.6267 5, 3230 ft., [AUMS _ 2346, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 19 miles N of Kramer Junction off Hwy 395, power line rd., 35.266359 - 117.612937 5, 3081 ft., [AUMS _ 2343, 17 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 19 miles N of Kramer Junction with 20 Mule Team Rd, 35.265871 - 117.613745 5, 3081 ft., [AUMS _ 2365, 19 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 3.6 miles W of power line road, on 20 Mule Team Rd., 35.25059 - 117.620344 4, 3008 ft., [AUMS _ 2342, 10 / 10 / 92, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, power line rd., mining mounds, 35.329506 - 117.611623 5, 3364 ft., [AUMS _ 2341, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 0.4 miles north of Covington Flats entrance, 34.04764 - 116.316153 4, 4619 ft., [APH _ 2229, 10 / 8 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; San Joaquin: Tracy - Carnegie SVRA, 37.653867 - 121.627067 1, 1553 ft., [APH _ 0990, 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Cody Will, AUMNH]; San Luis Obispo: 7 miles northeast of Cholame, 35.774731 - 120.181254 5, 1693 ft., [APH _ 2671, 31 / 8 / 1958, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; 7 miles NW of Paso Robles - Lake Nacimiento, 35.690839 - 120.801114 5, 1108 ft., [AUMS _ 2579, 10 / 1996, 1 ♂, Andrew Walters, AUMNH]; Chimineas Ranch, 35.17554 - 120.01147 4, 2383 ft., [APH _ 0078 - 0083, 25 / 3 / 2007, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 3 juv, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Cayucos, approx. 4 miles E on Old Creek Road, 35.47548 - 120.85584 4, 297 ft., [APH _ 0016, 15 / 8 / 2002, 1 ♂, Kelly C. Carroll, AUMNH]; E of Santa Maria, Hwy 166, 35.01671 - 120.33505 1, 722 ft., [APH _ 1092 - 1094, 9 / 10 / 10, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Poly Canyon, California Polytechnic Univ., San Luis Obispo, 35.31598 - 120.65632 4, 701 ft., [APH _ 0077, 22 / 10 / 2006, 1 juv, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; San Mateo: 1000 block of Porto Marino Dr, San Carlos, 37.488576 - 122.274238 2, 254 ft., [APH _ 1371, 9 / 2011, 1 ♂, Julie Pitre, AUMNH]; Jasper Ridge, 37.40524 - 122.2421 5, 417 ft., [APH _ 2477, 13 / 11 / 1921, 1 ♀, 4 ♂, 1 juv, C. D. Duncan, AMNH]; Santa Barbara: 12 miles northeast of Los Olivos near Zaca Park, 34.722266 - 120.035831 5, 1296 ft., [APH _ 2709, 29 / 7 / 1961, 1 ♂, Roth and Roth, AMNH]; 5 miles south of Buelton, 34.560664 - 120.190635 5, 564 ft., [APH _ 2682, 23 / 9 / 1965, 1 ♂, Jean and Wilton Ivie, AMNH]; Figueroa Mountain Road, 34.72249 - 119.96665 4, 4043 ft., [APH _ 0036, 4 / 9 / 06, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0039 - 0040, 4 / 9 / 06, 2 juv, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; NE of Buellton, E on 154 at Hwy 101 split, 34.68066 - 120.15461 1, 785 ft., [APH _ 1091, 9 / 10 / 10, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Sycamore Canyon area, along Figueroa Mountain Rd, 34.727447 - 120.098169 4, 1160 ft., [APH _ 0418, 20 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; Santa Clara: 0.37 miles SW jct Mines Rd on San Antonio Valley Rd, 37.4005 - 121.4918 2, 2240 ft., [APH _ 0407, 10 / 2008, 1 ♀, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; Mount Hamilton Area, 37.37888 - 121.81057 4, 526 ft., [APH _ 0051, 24 / 8 / 2001, 1 juv, Katrina Couch, Jerami Myers, AUMNH]; Palo Alto, 37.441872 - 122.143006 5, 30 ft., [APH _ 2695, Spring 1922, 1 ♂, R. W. Doane, AMNH]; Stanford, 37.424106 - 122.166076 5, 92 ft., [APH _ 2672, 1905, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Stanislaus: 0.06 miles W jct Adobe Canyon Rd on Del Puerto Canyon Rd, 37.4085 - 121.4102 2, 1340 ft., [APH _ 0405, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; Del Puerto Canyon Rd, 37.4 - 121.4438 4, 2050 ft., [APH _ 0406, 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; Del Puerto Canyon, 25 miles west of Patterson, 37.42119 - 121.374632 5, 1188 ft., [APH _ 2677, 23 / 9 / 1967, 1 ♂, W. J. Turner, AMNH]; Frank Raines Park, 37.419831 - 121.370933 1, 1200 ft., [APH _ 2030, 10 / 2010, 1 ♀, Mike Dame, AUMNH]; Henry W Coe State Park, 37.18823 - 121.54585 1, 2749 ft., [APH _ 1095 - 1099, 10 / 10 / 10, 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, RJ Adams, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2000, 10 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, RJ Adams, AUMNH]; Nevada: Clark: 0.3 miles N Hwy- 161 along dirt road, between Jean and Goodsprings, 35.81268 - 115.38099 1, 3370 ft., [APH _ 0358 - 0359, 12 / 5 / 08, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 1.9 miles E Hwy- 160 on Trout Canyon Rd, 36.122811 - 115.817589 1, 3463 ft., [APH _ 1208 - 1210, 31 / 7 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 10 miles east of Las Vegas, 36.178731 - 114.873725 5, 1447 ft., [APH _ 2274, 07 / 1955, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; 17 - 19 miles SE of Pahrump on Hwy 160, 36.029949 - 115.702158 5, 3566 ft., [APH _ 2224, 11 / 10 / 74, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 4.6 miles W US- 95 (Searchlight) on Hwy- 164, 35.488073 - 114.996602 1, 3690 ft., [APH _ 1220, 2 / 8 / 10, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 7.7 miles W Searchlight on Hwy- 164, 35.50444 - 115.04914 1, 4057 ft., [APH _ 0751, 3 / 10 / 09, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 8.2 miles west of Searchlight, 2 miles north of Hwy 164, 35.496212 - 115.213376 4, 4665 ft., [APH _ 2248, 7 / 10 / 89, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 8.2 miles west of Searchlight, on Hwy 164, 35.508562 - 115.066862 4, 4249 ft., [APH _ 2253, 7 / 10 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; along dirt road S of Hwy- 95, 36.56321 - 115.881585 1, 3701 ft., [APH _ 1215, 1 / 8 / 10, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Da vis, AUMNH]; Boulder City and Hemenway Wash, 36.020585 - 114.80798 5, 1575 ft., [APH _ 2458, 10 / 1939, 5 ♂, B. E. Rees, AMNH]; Desert National Wildlife Refuge, open desert N of Mormon Well Rd, approx. 3 miles W Alamo Rd, 36.435992 - 115.351558 2, 2968 ft., [APH _ 0476, 13 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; Goodsprings, 35.832479 - 115.434165 5, 3707 ft., [APH _ 2731, 22 / 12 / 1946, 1 ♂, J. C. Madsen, AMNH]; Indian Springs, 1.5 miles WSW US- 95 on Cold Creek Rd (near Southern Desert Correction Center); 36.51153 - 115.570812 4, 3454 ft., [APH _ 0183, 12 / 9 / 07, 1 ♂, Tim Filson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0184, 8 / 8 / 07, 1 ♀, Tim Filson, AUMNH]; Muddy Mountains, 36.36485 - 114.70364 2, 2851 ft., [APH _ 1634, 10 / 11 / 12, 1 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; Pahrump Rd, 17 to 19 miles SE of Pahrump, 36.04757 - 115.726851 5, 3375 ft., [AUMS _ 2608, 11 / 10 / 74, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; SE of Pahrump, Trout Canyon Rd, 36.12301 - 115.82007 1, 3441 ft., [APH _ 1075 - 1077, 2 / 10 / 10, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Searchlight, 3 miles south on Hwy 95, 35.418906 - 114.907457 5, 3176 ft., [APH _ 2245, 2 / 10 / 81, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; Christmas Tree Pass, Spirit Mtn, Lake Mead NRA, 35.26086 - 114.73926 1, 3887 ft., [APH _ 0313, 12 / 10 / 07, 1 ♀, Rick C. West, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0517, 24 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Rick C. West, Bernadette DeRussy, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0996 - 0998, 6 / 5 / 10, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Rick West, AUMNH]; Searchlight, 8.2 miles west on Hwy 164 in the foothills of highlands, 35.49844 - 115.056633 4, 4108 ft., [APH _ 2261, 7 / 10 / 89, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Lincoln: 8.3 miles S Alamo Canyon Rd on Hwy- 93, 37.224912 - 115.082582 1, 3160 ft., [APH _ 0782, 9 / 10 / 09, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Pioche, 37.929818 - 114.451689 5, 6063 ft., [APH _ 2728, 10 / 1941, 1 ♂, Mrs. Dibble, AMNH]; Nye: 0.8 miles S Hwy- 95 along Rd- 552, 36.582225 - 115.944177 1, 3728 ft., [APH _ 1547, 23 / 10 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Mercury, 36.66051 - 115.994475 5, 3796 ft., [APH _ 2724, 1962, 1 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2726, 16 / 10 / 1961, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2729, 10 / 11 / 60, 1 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2732, 9 / 10 / 61, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; White Pine: Ely, 39.247265 - 114.88863 5, 6437 ft., [APH _ 2619, 24 / 8 / 1952, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Utah: Beaver: Wah Wah Springs, 38.503218 - 113.472862 5, 5233 ft., [APH _ 2270, 07 / 1940, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; unknown, 38.326633 - 113.28705 7, 6214 ft., [APH _ 2272, 25 / 8 / 1946, 1 ♂, Chamberlin and Ivie, AMNH]; Box Elder: Brigham City, 41.510213 - 112.015502 6, 4439 ft., [APH _ 2283, 1927, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Honeyville, approx. 2 miles E I- 15 at foothills of mtns, 41.63333 - 112.04894 4, 5516 ft., [APH _ 0006, 29 / 8 / 2004, 1 ♂, Andrea Strange, AUMNH]; Cache: Sardine Canyon, 41.581309 - 111.932847 5, 4993 ft., [APH _ 2734, 9 / 1947, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Davis: Centerville, 40.918 - 111.87216 5, 4393 ft., [APH _ 2269, 3 / 10 / 36, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Duchesne: Lower part of City Creek Canal, 40.202984 - 110.413946 5, 5640 ft., [APH _ 2280, 21 / 9 / 1942, 1 ♂, Wilton Ivie, AMNH]; Millard: W of Delta on Hwy 6 / 50, E of House Range Mtns around Antelope Springs Rd and Steamboat Springs Rd, 39.05897 - 113.24963 1, 4784 ft., [APH _ 2015, 23 / 9 / 2010, 1 ♂, Kelly Parr, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2016, 14 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; White Valley, 38.378831 - 113.706023 5, 5682 ft., [APH _ 2271, 12 / 8 / 40, 1 ♂, Chamberlin and Ivie, AMNH]; Piute: Marysvale, 38.44942 - 112.2302 5, 5892 ft., [APH _ 2736, 8 / 8 / 48, 1 ♂, Edw. Cormolly, AMNH]; Salt Lake: Big Cottonwood Canyon, 0.9 miles E Wasatch Blvd on UT- 190, 40.62078 - 111.77369 1, 5200 ft., [APH _ 0050, 14 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Bluffdale, ~ 3 miles W I- 15 on 14600 S, 40.48621 - 111.91835 4, 4466 ft., [APH _ 0004, 10 / 10 / 04, 1 ♂, Tiffany Blanchard, AUMNH]; East of Holladay, 40.671407 - 111.782393 6, 5650 ft., [APH _ 2267, 25 / 8 / 1941, 1 ♂, Chamberlin and Ivie, AMNH]; Mill Creek Canyon, 40.69001 - 111.777132 5, 5240 ft., [APH _ 2738, 08 / 1928, 1 ♂, R. V. Chamberlin, AMNH]; Mill Creek Canyon, Wasatch Mountains, 40.690695 - 111.773522 5, 5249 ft., [APH _ 2268, 5 / 8 / 42, 1 ♂, Chamberlin and Ivie, AMNH]; [APH _ 2277, 12 / 9 / 45, 1 ♂, Willis M. Creer, AMNH]; N Salt Lake City, 40.86167 - 111.892803 6, 4902 ft., [APH _ 2263, 210 / 2008, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Salt Lake City, 40.727231 - 112.039815 6, 4245 ft., [APH _ 2207, unknown, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2265, 22 / 9 / 1941, 4 ♂, Chamberlin and Ivie, AMNH]; [APH _ 2266, 08 / 1939, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2273, 10 / 1933, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Salt Lake City, Bonneville Shoreline Trail, 40.763 - 111.82 2, 5210 ft., [APH _ 0788 - 0789, 28 / 8 / 2009, 2 ♂, Will Black, AUMNH]; unknown, 40.644188 - 111.952249 7, 4409 ft., [APH _ 2262, 1934, 3 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; San Juan: San Juan Bulge, 1 / 2 mile below Mexican Hat, 37.147965 - 109.866298 5, 4114 ft., [APH _ 2737, 18 / 7 / 1947, 1 ♀, Harold Higgins, AMNH]; Sevier: Oak Creek Canyon, 38.526922 - 111.85269 5, 6998 ft., [APH _ 2735, 24 / 8 / 1968, 1 ♂, G. F. Knowetn, AMNH]; Tooele: S of Delle, off I- 80, 40.68329 - 112.88853 2, 4920 ft., [APH _ 0790, 17 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, DeAnn Neal, AUMNH]; South Mountain, 40.4651111 - 112.4826666 5, 5406 ft., [APH _ 0163, 19 / 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; South Willow Canyon, 40.5093342 - 112.5349121 5, 5679 ft., [APH _ 0161, 2 / 8 / 07, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0162, 9 / 8 / 07, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; Stansbury Mountains, 40.5097653 - 112.5324224 5, 5797 ft., [APH _ 0155, 13 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; Stockton, 40.452722 - 112.360782 6, 5121 ft., [APH _ 2264, 1918, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Wendover, 40.737095 - 114.03751 5, 4295 ft., [APH _ 2733, 15 / 9 / 1942, 1 ♂, Don Nieleson, AMNH]; Utah: Box Elder Canyon, 40.473006 - 111.750208 5, 5548 ft., [APH _ 2739, 2 / 10 / 47, 2 ♂, S. H. Jenaera, AMNH]; Washington: 1 mile N of La Verkin, 37.230736 - 113.271966 4, 3245 ft., [APH _ 2282, 12 / 10 / 39, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; 10 miles south of Enterprise, 37.450725 - 113.63881 5, 5791 ft., [APH _ 2279, 14 / 10 / 1939, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, 37.0764081 - 113.8702196 5, 4026 ft., [APH _ 0154, 13 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, 0.5 miles W, 37.077649 - 113.872749 6, 4135 ft., [AUMS _ 2468, 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, near Bulldog Knolls, 37.0184842 - 113.8854744 5, 3086 ft., [APH _ 0157, 13 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♀, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Old Highway- 91, 37.05399 - 113.894229 5, 3445 ft., [APH _ 0453, 11 / 10 / 06, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Old Hwy 91, 1.2 miles N of Utah / AZ line, 37.016981 - 113.909332 4, 2960 ft., [AUMS _ 2347, 12 / 10 / 93, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91, 37.028247 - 113.90558 5, 3038 ft., [APH _ 2217, 6 / 10 / 93, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2225, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91,. 2 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.003736 - 113.914265 5, 2635 ft., [APH _ 2249, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91, 1.7 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.018438 - 113.908722 5, 2884 ft., [APH _ 2244, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91, 2.5 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.017035 - 113.909593 5, 2520 ft., [APH _ 2259, 12 / 10 / 93, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Rd to Summit Springs, Old Hwy 91, 2.6 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.036118 - 113.902906 5, 3169 ft., [APH _ 2257, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Summit Spring, near Old Hwy- 91, 37.088438 - 113.871915 1, 4297 ft., [APH _ 0779, 8 / 10 / 09, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mountains, Summit Springs, 37.066177 - 113.885856 5, 3865 ft., [APH _ 2254, 4 / 7 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2260, 16 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 3320, 5 / 10 / 95, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Enterprise, 37.573587 - 113.719133 5, 5322 ft., [APH _ 2284, 20 / 9 / 1939, 1 ♂, Ronn Hardy, AMNH]; Entrance to Zion National Park, 37.200215 - 112.990135 5, 4006 ft., [APH _ 2278, 16 / 8 / 1925, 1 ♂, A. M. Woodbury, AMNH]; just outside Zion National Park, Smith Mesa Road, 37.290592 - 113.112587 5, 5230 ft., [AUMS _ 2696, 22 / 8 / 1991, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; just outside Zion National Park, Smith Mesa Road, 37.289355 - 113.114065 5, 5230 ft., [AUMS _ 2698, 23 / 8 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; near Beaver Dam Mountains, 37.168672 - 113.964461 6, 4852 ft., [APH _ 2214, 10 / 1931, 1 ♂, A. M. Woodbury, AMNH]; near Gunlock, 37.2465941 - 113.7766128 5, 3664 ft., [APH _ 0153, 13 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Brian Nielsen, AUMNH]; on Smith Mesa Rd., 1.2 miles W of junction with Kolob Reservoir Rd., 37.290556 - 113.113463 4, 5225 ft., [AUMS _ 2201, 23 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Road to Summit Spring, Old Hwy 91, 2 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.030356 - 113.904284 4, 3074 ft., [APH _ 2232, 6 / 10 / 93, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Smith Mesa campground, just outside Zion National Park boundary, 37.241343 - 113.202808 5, 5002 ft., [AUMS _ 2332, 22 / 8 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Smith Mesa,. 5 miles W of Zion National Park boundary, 37.204674 - 112.993735 5, 3899 ft., [AUMS _ 2580, 22 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; St. George, 37.095278 - 113.578056 6, 2638 ft., [APH _ 2219, 25 / 10 / 1939, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Summit Spring, Old Hwy 91, 37.066904 - 113.895177 5, 3773 ft., [APH _ 2226, 5 / 10 / 93, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Summit Springs, Beaver Dam Mtns, 37.080788 - 113.871741 6, 4140 ft., [AUMS _ 2367, 3 / 7 / 89, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Welcome Spring Rd, Beaver Dam Mountains, 37.090134 - 113.945487 5, 3835 ft., [APH _ 2215, 23 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Zion National Park, 37.208573 - 112.982125 5, 3990 ft., [APH _ 2275, unknown, 4 ♂, A. M. Woodbury, AMNH]; [APH _ 2281, 1927, 1 ♂, A. M. Woodbury, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 3300, unknown, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Zion National Park, at Temple Sinawava site / trail, 37.285417 - 112.94755 1, 3865 ft., [APH _ 2018, 18 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Zion National Park, field next to Watchman employee housing neighborhood, 37.20527 - 112.97655 1, 4004 ft., [APH _ 2019 - 2020, 18 / 10 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Zion National Park, near administrative buildings, 37.20841 - 112.98188 1, 4010 ft., [APH _ 2017, 18 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Zion National Park, road to maintenance bldg. and Oak Creek employee housing neighborhood, 37.2099 - 112.98579 1, 4031 ft., [APH _ 2021, 18 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2022, 19 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Zion National Park, Smith-Mesa Rd, 37.290185 - 113.113675 5, 5230 ft., [AUMS _ 4194, 17 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
D72CABA9D31EE4CB3DD8581F685527B1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is in honor of the country music legend, Johnny Cash. This species can be found near the area of Folsom Prison in California, and like Cash's distinctive style of dress (where he was referred to as " the man in black "), mature males of this species are generally black in color.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
D72CABA9D31EE4CB3DD8581F685527B1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma johnnycashi (Fig. 68) is a member of the iodius species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma johnnycashi as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage within the iodius species group that is the sister lineage to Aphonopelma eutylenum and the paraphyletic Aphonopelma iodius (Fig. 8). There are no pronounced measurements or characters that help differentiate male or female Aphonopelma johnnycashi from Aphonopelma iodius (except that adult males of Aphonopelma johnnycashi are generally black whereas males of Aphonopelma iodius are brown or tan). Males and females of Aphonopelma johnnycashi can easily be differentiated from Aphonopelma steindachneri by color and the extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV. Significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma johnnycashi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are T 3 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma johnnycashi can be distinguished by possessing a larger T 1 / T 3 (≥ 1.25; 1.25 - 1.31) than Aphonopelma eutylenum (≤ 1.23; 1.16 - 1.23); by possessing a larger A 1 / T 3 (≥ 0.81; 0.81 - 0.91) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 0.79; 0.67 - 0.79); and by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (70 % - 76 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (21 % - 31 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma johnnycashi from Aphonopelma iodius. The most significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma johnnycashi from Aphonopelma steindachneri is extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma johnnycashi from the other members of the iodius species group. Female Aphonopelma johnnycashi can be distinguished by possessing a larger L 4 scopulation extent (67 % - 82 %) than Aphonopelma steindachneri (24 % - 34 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
D72CABA9D31EE4CB3DD8581F685527B1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Amador: N of Ione / SW of Plymouth, on Muller Rd, off Carbondale Rd and Hwy 6, 38.44191 - 120.92164 1, 678 ft., [APH _ 2004 - 2006, 12 / 10 / 10, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; NE of Ione, on Sutter Creek / Ione Rd, 38.37543 - 120.90288 1, 570 ft., [APH _ 2007 - 2009, 12 / 10 / 10, 3 ♂, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Ione, 38.363017 - 120.92695 1, 430 ft., [APH _ 2032 - 2034, 1 / 10 / 10, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Mike Dame, AUMNH & AMNH]; on Burke Dr, off Fiddletown Rd, E of Plymouth, 38.47597 - 120.82309 1, 1302 ft., [APH _ 2038, 16 / 9 / 11, 1 ♂, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Calaveras: in between Angel's Camp & Copperopolis; off Hwy 4, 38.04767 - 120.64017 1, 1517 ft., [APH _ 3062 - 3064, 7 / 7 / 12, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hwy 4; SW of Copperopolis, 37.94251 - 120.71042 1, 1150 ft., [APH _ 3065 - 3066, 7 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Fresno: western foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains, 36.917882 - 119.276034 8, 1710 ft., [APH _ 0032, 2005, 1 ♂, Amy Stockman, AUMNH]; Edison Point trailhead; near Pine Flat Reservoir; Trimmer Springs Rd., 36.8702 - 119.2854 1, 1177 ft., [APH _ 3060 - 3061, 5 / 5 / 12, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Marshal Hedin, Jim Starrett, Dean Leavitt, AUMNH]; off Hwy 168 (Tollhouse Rd); near Tollhouse Rd & Sample Rd intersection, NE of Clovis & Fresno, 36.90073 - 119.52076 1, 598 ft., [APH _ 3081 - 3084, 11 / 7 / 12, 3 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Dunlap Rd. from Hwy 180; E of Squaw Valley, 36.71181 - 119.09888 1, 2333 ft., [APH _ 3085 - 3086, 11 / 7 / 12, 2 juv, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Kern: NE of Bakersfield ~ 20 miles; off Granite Rd, 35.63867 - 118.80021 1, 2858 ft., [APH _ 3093 - 3095, 13 / 7 / 2012, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Whiteriver Rd / Old Stage Coach Rd; very close to Kern / Tulare county line, 35.785199 - 118.783135 1, 2410 ft., [APH _ 3120, 5 / 4 / 13, 1 juv, Marshal Hedin, Jim Starrett, AUMNH]; Erskine Creek (Canyon), Erskine Creek road, 35.593637 - 118.445971 5 2933 ft., [AUMS _ 3322, 10 / 1970, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, J. Anderson, AUMNH]; Madera: 31901 Cherokee Rd, Coarsegold, 37.211624 - 119.680988 2, 2240 ft., [APH _ 0197, 2 / 10 / 07, 1 ♂, Lowell Christie, AUMNH]; near entrance to Eastman Lake and Day Fee station; off Rd 29, 37.1971 - 120.00248 1, 441 ft., [APH _ 3078 - 3079, 10 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Coarsegold, off Hwy 41, behind CAL Fire station, 37.2507 - 119.70392 1, 2226 ft., [APH _ 3080, 10 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Mariposa: off Hwy 49; N of Coulterville; near Don Pedro Reservoir, 37.7259 - 120.20672 1, 1842 ft., [APH _ 3067 - 3069, 8 / 7 / 12, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; 5 miles S on Merced Falls Rd., on Hwy 132 - W of Hwy 49, intersection with Coronado Dr., 37.62829 - 120.30836 1, 1298 ft., [APH _ 3070 - 3072, 8 / 7 / 12, 3 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off J 132; NE of Coulterville ~ 2 1 / 2 miles, 37.73476 - 120.18259 1, 2196 ft., [APH _ 3073, 8 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hwy 49, N side of Mt. Bullion, 37.51229 - 120.04727 1, 2163 ft., [APH _ 3074, 9 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hwy 140, Catheys Valley, Mariposa County Catheys Valley Park, 37.43761 - 120.08519 1, 1420 ft., [APH _ 3075, 9 / 7 / 12, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hornitos Rd from Hwy 140; Catheys Valley, 37.44179 - 120.10249 1, 1350 ft., [APH _ 3076 - 3077, 9 / 7 / 12, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; Horseshoe Bend Campground; just S of Hwy 132, 37.701605 - 120.243205 1, 948 ft., [APH _ 3119, 1 / 4 / 13, 1 ♀, Marshal Hedin, Jim Starrett, AUMNH]; Tulare: Rocky Hill Rd, E of intersection with Rd 210; crossing road, 36.29664 - 119.10703 1, 485 ft., [APH _ 0192, 14 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♂, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; N of Three Rivers; off Hwy 198; near southern entrance to Sequoia N. P., 36.47036 - 118.85903 1, 1201 ft., [APH _ 3087 - 3089, 12 / 7 / 12, 3 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Rocky Hill Dr., E of Exeter - off 65, Rocky Hill, 36.29807 - 119.09829 1, 732 ft., [APH _ 3090 - 3092, 12 / 7 / 12, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Chris Hamilton, AUMNH & AMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
B6C2CAC74290C0E3EC139BBA84A1566E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma joshua (Fig. 73) is a member of the paloma species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma joshua as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) embedded within the turret-building group (see Hendrixson et al. 2013 and Graham et al. 2015) that includes (Aphonopelma atomicum sp. n., Aphonopelma mojave, Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n., and Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n.). Aphonopelma joshua can easily be differentiated from other turret-building species by possessing stout sternal setae, from Aphonopelma iodius due to its smaller size and reduced extent of scopulation on metatarsus III and IV, and from other members of the paloma species group by their locality. The most significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma joshua from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is A 1. Male Aphonopelma joshua can be distinguished by possessing a smaller Cl / A 1 (≤ 1.57; 1.42 - 1.57) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≥ 1.70; 1.70 - 1.93), Aphonopelma iodius (≥ 1.64; 1.64 - 2.23), Aphonopelma icenoglei (≥ 1.64; 1.64 - 1.97), Aphonopelma mojave (≥ 1.58; 1.58 - 1.94), Aphonopelma prenticei (≥ 1.68; 1.68 - 1.92), and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (≥ 1.64; 1.64 - 1.75). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma joshua from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 1, A 1, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma joshua can be distinguished by possessing a larger A 1 / F 3 (≥ 0.57; 0.57 - 0.64) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 0.56; 0.53 - 0.56; by possessing a smaller F 1 / M 4 (≤ 1.04; 0.98 - 1.04) than Aphonopelma icenoglei (≥ 1.07; 1.07 - 1.23) and Aphonopelma prenticei (≥ 1.04; 1.04 - 1.25); by possessing a smaller F 1 / T 3 (≤ 1.57; 1.47 - 1.57) than Aphonopelma mojave (≥ 1.57; 1.57 - 1.92); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (34 % - 40 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %). Females of Aphonopelma xwalxwal are unknown at this time and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
B6C2CAC74290C0E3EC139BBA84A1566E.taxon	description	Description. Male and female originally described by Prentice (1997).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
B6C2CAC74290C0E3EC139BBA84A1566E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Riverside: Joshua Tree National Park, 34.028757 - 116.315665 6, 4880 ft., [APH _ 0883, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, 1 mile off Keys View Road, 33.87529 - 116.038777 5, 3589 ft., [APH _ 2306, 3 / 5 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, Cottonwood Springs area, 33.743197 - 115.811558 1, 3116 ft., [APH _ 1498 - 1499, 5 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2292, 23 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2300, 23 / 8 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2315, 23 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, Covington Flats area, 34.00862 - 116.304733 1, 4831 ft., [APH _ 1475 - 1477, 29 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2293, 27 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2301, 2 / 8 / 1962, 1 ♂, Jim Ortez, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 2567, 2 / 8 / 1962, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, Hidden Valley Campground, 34.01651 - 116.16179 1, 4200 ft., [APH _ 0335 - 0337, 8 / 5 / 2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1200, 29 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, off El Dorado Mine Rd, Belle Campground, 33.99305 - 116.0213 1, 3872 ft., [APH _ 1007, 10 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, picnic area, Covington Flats area, 34.027454 - 116.30194 1, 4656 ft., [APH _ 0492 - 0494, 16 / 5 / 2009, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1199, 29 / 7 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Joshua Tree National Park, Upper Covington Flats Area, near back country hiking trail parking area, 34.0085 - 116.30694 1, 4800 ft., [APH _ 0329 - 0331, 8 / 5 / 2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Lower Covington Flats, Joshua Tree National Monument, 34.004968 - 116.307553 5, 4861 ft., [AUMS _ 2636, 31 / 7 / 1972, 1 ♂, Marqua, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2639, 31 / 7 / 1972, 1 ♂, D. G. Marqua, AUMNH]; Pleasant Valley, Joshua Tree National Park, 33.903782 - 116.043557 5, 4180 ft., [APH _ 2291, 27 / 4 / 1965, 1 ♀, E. L. Sleeper and S. L. Jenkins, AMNH]; [APH _ 2316, 23 / 9 / 1967, 1 ♂, E. L. Sleeper and S. L. Jenkins, AMNH]; Smoke Tree Wash, In Joshua Tree National Park, 33.796978 - 115.787031 5, 2812 ft., [APH _ 2296, 31 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Squaw Tank, Joshua Tree National Park, 34.087561 - 116.153877 5, 3442 ft., [APH _ 2317, 9 / 9 / 1966, 1 ♂, E. L. Sleeper and S. L. Jenkins, AMNH]; San Bernardino: Burns Canyon, 8.3 miles west of Hwy 247, 34.206942 - 116.596597 4, 5400 ft., [APH _ 2290, 2 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2295, 2 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Burns Canyon, 8.3 miles west of Pipes Canyon Rd., 34.227029 - 116.668521 4, 6096 ft., [APH _ 2289, 2 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Covington Flats, 34.077473 - 116.357061 5, 4587 ft., [APH _ 2302, 10 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2305, 10 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2308, 27 / 7 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2311, 27 / 12 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2313, 24 / 7 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2314, 3 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 2479, 26 / 7 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Covington Flats, below Joshua Tree National Park entrance, 34.051039 - 116.342447 5, 4577 ft., [APH _ 2307, 30 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2312, 27 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2304, 28 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Covington Flats, area before the entrance, 34.077473 - 116.357061 5, 4587 ft., [APH _ 2303, 28 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Covington Flats, in Joshua Tree National Monument,. 5 miles north of split in the road, 34.071626 - 116.367566 5, 4206 ft., [APH _ 2310, 12 / 8 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monument, 4.5 miles SE of entrance on Quail Springs Road., 34.05728 - 116.224505 4, 3878 ft., [APH _ 2286, 28 / 3 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monument, below the entrance, 34.081762 - 116.254111 5, 3996 ft., [APH _ 2309, 27 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Joshua Tree National Monu ment, Lost Horse Valley, 1.1 miles south of Quail Springs Rd on Keys View Rd, then 1 mile west, 33.968748 - 116.184906 4, 4469 ft., [APH _ 2287, 3 / 5 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; New Dixie Mine Rd, 6.3 miles west of Hwy 247, then. 5 miles south, 34.264951 - 116.5958 4, 5331 ft., [APH _ 2288, 11 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Pipes Canyon Road, 34.199004 - 116.492984 5, 4065 ft., [APH _ 2294, 4 / 11 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Pipes Canyon, 2.5 miles west of Hwy 247 towards Burns Canyon, 34.194486 - 116.479814 4, 4377 ft., [APH _ 2298, 18 / 4 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Pipes Canyon, 4.3 miles north of Hwy 247, 34.246525 - 116.493804 4, 4042 ft., [APH _ 2297, 1 / 8 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Pipes Canyon, 5.9 miles west of Hwy 247, 34.190832 - 116.536894 4, 4288 ft., [APH _ 2299, 13 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Upper Morongo Valley, 5.1 miles north of the Post Office off Hwy 62., 34.093965 - 116.512293 4, 2799 ft., [APH _ 2285, 6 / 9 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; San Bernardino Mtns., Pipes Canyon road, 3.2 miles W of jct with Hwy 247, 34.198916 - 116.486393 5, 4000 ft., [AUMS _ 3323, 6 / 9 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C81E3A95D0E34FE765A5263BAA0A516B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, Madera Canyon, in the Santa Rita Mountains where this species was first discovered.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C81E3A95D0E34FE765A5263BAA0A516B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma madera (Fig. 78) is a member of the Marxi species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma madera as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma catalina sp. n. (a species endemic to the Santa Catalina Mountains) and Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n. (a species endemic to the Chiricahua Mountains). The significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma madera from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and A 3. Male Aphonopelma madera can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / M 3 (≥ 1.51; 1.51 - 1.60) than Aphonopelma catalina (≤ 1.42; 1.26 - 1.42), Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. (≤ 1.40; 1.20 - 1.40), Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≤ 1.43; 1.24 - 1.43), and Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 1.44; 1.15 - 1.44); and a larger Cl / A 3 (≥ 1.86; 1.86 - 2.18) than Aphonopelma chiricahua (≤ 1.74; 1.53 - 1.74). Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma madera from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are M 3 and A 4. Female Aphonopelma madera can be distinguished by possessing a smaller M 3 / A 4 (≤ 1.07; 0.96 - 1.07) than Aphonopelma catalina (≥ 1.07; 1.07 - 1.10), Aphonopelma chalcodes (≥ 1.12; 1.12 - 1.49), and Aphonopelma peloncillo (≥ 1.11; 1.11 - 1.23), but larger than Aphonopelma chiricahua (0.80 + / - (only 1 specimen).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C81E3A95D0E34FE765A5263BAA0A516B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: Carr Canyon Rd, 31.449658 - 110.282028 1, 5257 ft., [APH _ 1595, 8 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Copper Canyon, Huachuca Mtns, 31.363172 - 110.29979 5, 6082 ft., [APH _ 0881, 2007, 1 juv, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0980, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Huachuca Mtns, Ash Canyon, 31.38339 - 110.24486 2, 5290 ft., [APH _ 1249, 11 / 2010, 1 ♂, Jim Murray, AUMNH]; Huachuca Mtns, Garden Canyon Rd, 31.47306 - 110.35111 2, 5360 ft., [APH _ 1250 - 1251, 4 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♂, AMNH]; Huachuca Mountains, Miller Canyon, primitive campsite, 31.42476 - 110.26082 2, 5238 ft., [APH _ 3218, 20 / 5 / 2014, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Dustin Garig, Harrison Olinger, AUMNH]; Pima: 0.67 miles N Santa Cruz County line on Madera Canyon Rd, 31.73588 - 110.88232 2, 4601 ft., [APH _ 1434, 8 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1435, 11 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon Rd, 31.728908 - 110.880462 1, 4803 ft., [APH _ 1624, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1626, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Bog Springs Campground, 31.72733 - 110.875018 1, 5051 ft., [APH _ 1571, 27 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AMNH]; [APH _ 1628, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1630, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Coronado National Forest, on road to Bog Springs Campground, 31.72812 - 110.878818 1, 4809 ft., [APH _ 3177, 12 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Madera Picnic Area, 31.72722 - 110.880812 1, 4809 ft., [APH _ 1625, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1627, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AMNH]; [APH _ 1629, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Madera Trailhead Picnic Area, 31.726945 - 110.8804 1, 4758 ft., [APH _ 0618, 10 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Jon Davenport, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Whitehouse Picnic Area, 31.733397 - 110.88249 1, 4640 ft., [APH _ 1631, 15 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Santa Cruz: Madera Canyon, Bog Springs Campground, 31.72633 - 110.87473 2, 5088 ft., [APH _ 1436, 11 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, Mt. Wrightson picnic area, 31.71273 - 110.874936 1, 5401 ft., [APH _ 1223, 5 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1393, 5 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, on road across from Santa Rita Gift Shop, 31.72527 - 110.880051 1, 4851 ft., [APH _ 1594, 8 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Madera Canyon, picnic area, 31.72662 - 110.879835 2, 4886 ft., [APH _ 1523, 10 / 9 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Pajarito Mtns, 31.43263 - 111.18977 6, 4050 ft., [APH _ 0136, unknown, 1 ♀, David Kandeyeli, AUMNH]; Patagonia, Pennsylvania Avenue, 31.54024 - 110.758528 2, 4046 ft., [APH _ 1442, 18 / 12 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Santa Rita Mtns, along Mt. Hopkins Rd, 31.676321 - 110.883409 1, 6904 ft., [APH _ 1197, 28 / 7 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Upper Madera Canyon picnic area, 31.712488 - 110.876839 1, 5467 ft., [APH _ 1342 - 1343, 4 / 8 / 2011, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
87B8528AC8E276C632606BB00D1B78B0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in recognition of our friend, colleague, and myriapod biologist Paul Marek, who collected several important specimens examined as part of this revision.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
87B8528AC8E276C632606BB00D1B78B0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma mareki (Fig. 83) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma mareki as a strongly supported, phylogenetically-distinct monophyletic lineage (Fig. 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma parvum sp. n., Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n., and Aphonopelma superstitionense sp. n. Aphonopelma mareki can easily be differentiated from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma chalcodes and Aphonopelma marxi by their smaller size, and can be differentiated from other members of the paloma species group (Aphonopelma parvum, Aphonopelma paloma, Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n. and Aphonopelma saguaro) by locality. Aphonopelma mareki males can possess either a normal or slightly swollen femur III (different from than the swollen femur III in Aphonopelma paloma and Aphonopelma saguaro). The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma mareki from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 1 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus III. Male Aphonopelma mareki can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 / M 1 (≥ 1.41; 1.41 - 1.58) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 1.36; 1.11 - 1.36) and Aphonopelma prenticei (≤ 1.34; 1.25 - 1.34), and smaller than Aphonopelma marxi (≥ 1.69; 1.69 - 1.94); a larger L 3 scopulation extent (50 % - 56 %) than Aphonopelma paloma (21 % - 41 %), and smaller than Aphonopelma chalcodes (65 % - 86 %), Aphonopelma parvum (60 % - 65 %), Aphonopelma prenticei (60 % - 73 %), and Aphonopelma superstitionense (40 % - 48 %). There are no significant measurements that separate Aphonopelma mareki and Aphonopelma saguaro. The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma mareki from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 1 L / W and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma mareki can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 L / W (≥ 2.94; 2.94 - 3.17) than Aphonopelma saguaro (2.58 + / - (only 1 specimen )); a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (21 % - 27 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (56 % - 81 %), Aphonopelma marxi (33 % - 51 %), Aphonopelma parvum (33 % - 42 %), and Aphonopelma prenticei (27 % - 38 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma mareki from Aphonopelma paloma or Aphonopelma superstitionense.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
87B8528AC8E276C632606BB00D1B78B0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Coconino: Schnebly Hill Road, Sedona, 34.86533 - 111.753003 5, 4328 ft., [AUMS _ 2272, 15 / 5 / 1992, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Gila: 1.1 miles NW AZ- 87 on Barnhardt Trail Rd (FR 419), 34.09815 - 111.36165 1, 3200 ft., [APH _ 0345, 10 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; 1.4 miles E US- 87 on Control Rd, 34.35949 - 111.40302 1, 5430 ft., [APH _ 0347, 10 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Mazatzal Mtns, Four Peaks, Pigeon Spring Rd. junction, 33.72156 - 111.33753 1, 5780 ft., [APH _ 0297, 6 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AMNH]; Payson, Payson rodeo grounds at southern edge of town, 34.2189 - 111.33695 1, 5000 ft., [APH _ 0299, 6 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; S side of Payson, 34.194017 - 111.330517 5, 6000 ft., [APH _ 0941, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Maricopa: 2.5 miles E North Cave Creek Rd on Bartlett Dam Rd, 33.84746 - 111.79369 1, 2700 ft., [APH _ 0343, 9 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0433 - 0440, 16 / 11 / 2008, 6 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Bar tlett Dam Rd, 33.847258 - 111.793291 1, 2793 ft., [APH _ 1570, 27 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1588 - 1593, 7 / 11 / 2012, 6 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Bartlett Dam Rd, past Cave Creek ranger station, N of Carefree, Tonto National Forest, 33.84689 - 111.79397 1, 2703 ft., [APH _ 3161 - 3165, 11 / 11 / 2013, 4 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, Molly Taylor, AUMNH]; Bartlett Dam, Bartlett Dam road, 33.809017 - 111.65097 5, 1637 ft., [APH _ 0884, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Constellation Road near Rodeo Grounds northeast of Wickenburg, 33.980107 - 112.71139 5, 2221 ft., [APH _ 2554, 14 / 2 / 1982, 1 ♂, John Rowley, AMNH]; Four Peaks Area, 33.72099 - 111.33759 1, 5769 ft., [APH _ 0138, 15 / 6 / 2007, 1 juv, Mike Dame, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Mazatzal Mtns, Tonto National Forest, Mount Ord, 33.91131 - 111.40861 1, 6735 ft., [APH _ 0190, 6 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♂, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; Yavapai: 0.4 miles E Hwy- 89 on Stanton Rd, 34.18203 - 112.818862 1, 2852 ft., [APH _ 1615 - 1617, 12 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 5.4 miles NE Hwy 93, 0.6 miles S of cattle guard in Hieroglyphic Mtns., Constellation, 34.008657 - 112.646455 4, 2900 ft., [AUMS _ 2572, 1 / 4 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 5.4 miles NE Hwy 93, Hieroglyphic Mtns., Constellation, 34.017615 - 112.635409 4, 3060 ft., [AUMS _ 2577, 1 / 4 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 8 miles S of Sedona, 34.753621 - 111.761997 5, 3895 ft., [AUMS _ 2534, 29 / 10 / 1983, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AUMNH]; Constellation, 34.065643 - 112.581652 5, 3404 ft., [AUMS _ 2573, 24 / 11 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2574, 10 / 11 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2575, 17 / 11 / unknown, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2551, 18 / 3 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Constellation Rd., 5.4 miles NE of Wickenburg, 34.0145 - 112.645736 4, 2950 ft., [AUMS _ 2570, 1 / 4 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2578, 10 / 11 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Joshua Forest Parkway, ~ 31 miles N of Wickenburg, 34.199956 - 113.094405 5, 2700 ft., [AUMS _ 2565, 19 / 1 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; just outside N boundary of Montezuma Well National Monument, along Beaver Creek Rd, 34.653811 - 111.757497 1, 3596 ft., [APH _ 1569, 27 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AMNH]; Prescott, 34.540024 - 112.468502 5, 5394 ft., [AUMS _ 2525, 1999, 1 ♀, Lee Trout, AUMNH]; Prescott Valley, 34.610024 - 112.315721 5, 5005 ft., [AUMS _ 2248, 11 / 1998, 2 ♂, Denis Watson, AUMNH]; Prescott, Antelope Villa Circle, 34.647138 - 112.434386 2, 5042 ft., [APH _ 1568, 12 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Timothy Tilney, AUMNH]; Prescott, on rock next to Hazy Library at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, 34.615964 - 112.448841 2, 5170 ft., [APH _ 1618, 9 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Greg Rice, AUMNH]; West Clear Creek Wilderness, 34.53555 - 111.67659 1, 3600 ft., [APH _ 1441, 27 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Paul E. Marek, Charity Hall, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C534C57908240F9397F62134EDF085A4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma marxi (Fig. 88) is a member of the Marxi species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma marxi as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8). Aphonopelma marxi is morphologically most similar to species in the Madrean sky island but has a different distribution. This species can easily be differentiated from syntopic species due to its black (or faded black) color, overall hirsute appearance, size, and habitat. The most significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma marxi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is M 1. Male Aphonopelma marxi can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 / M 1 (≥ 1.69; 1.69 - 1.94) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 1.36; 1.11 - 1.36), Aphonopelma hentzi (≤ 1.47; 1.32 - 1.47), Aphonopelma mareki sp. n. (≤ 1.58; 1.41 - 1.58), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≤ 1.63; 1.25 - 1.63). The most significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma marxi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is F 1. Female Aphonopelma marxi can be distinguished by possessing a larger F 1 / M 3 (≥ 1.76; 1.76 - 1.91) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 1.66; 1.41 - 1.66), Aphonopelma hentzi (≤ 1.61; 1.44 - 1.61), and Aphonopelma mareki (≤ 1.75; 1.58 - 1.75); and a larger F 1 / T 4 (≥ 1.32; 1.32 - 1.43) than Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≤ 1.25; 1.17 - 1.25).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C534C57908240F9397F62134EDF085A4.taxon	description	Description. Male originally described by Simon (1891). No labeled types were known to exist. Two specimens from the Geo. Marx collection are now deposited in the USNM: a male non-type from the San Bernardino Mountains, California and a male non-type from Punta del Aqua, Torrance Co., New Mexico. Prentice (1997) examined the non-types and designated the New Mexico male as the neotype.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C534C57908240F9397F62134EDF085A4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Apache: 0.75 miles NE Hwy- 191 on Hwy- 61, 34.908575 - 109.227341 1, 6251 ft., [APH _ 1408, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 9.5 miles N Hwy- 61 on Hwy- 191, 35.030934 - 109.254585 1, 6415 ft., [APH _ 1423, 12 / 10 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Ganada, 35.711279 - 109.542049 5, 6398 ft., [APH _ 2576, 5 / 10 / 1962, 1 ♂, Charles Supplee, AMNH]; Navajo Indian Reservation, Chuska Mtns, Roof Butte, 2.8 miles on IR- 68 / road to Roof Butte lookout tower from IR- 13, 36.45784722 - 109.0942889 1, 9304 ft., [APH _ 0452, 30 / 8 / 2008, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Coconino: 1 mile north of Cosimo and east of Flagstaff, 35.237379 - 111.465593 5, 6348 ft., [APH _ 2514, 1 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; 5 miles south of Lindbergh Spt. And south of Flagstaff on 89 A, 35.010414 - 111.738008 5, 5587 ft., [APH _ 2520, 19 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; FH- 3 (Lake Mary Road) south of Flagstaff, 35.132647 - 111.612736 5, 6873 ft., [APH _ 2516, 4 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Grand Canyon - river side, 36.091658 - 112.131436 7, 3668 ft., [APH _ 2522, 25 / 10 / 1982, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Leupp Road (510) east of Flagstaff toward Doney Peak, 35.304918 - 111.20856 5, 5469 ft., [APH _ 2519, 5 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. Sanderson, AMNH]; Northeast of Flagstaff about 1 / 4 mile east of Highway 89 A on Leupp Road, 35.238083 - 111.42633 5, 6207 ft., [APH _ 2530, 30 / 9 / 1977, 1 ♂, F. B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Northeast of Flagstaff in pine-oak forest, 35.241395 - 111.555125 6, 6824 ft., [APH _ 2515, 24 / 9 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; [APH _ 2517, 10 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; On road north of Mormon Lake, 34.997156 - 111.453915 5, 7175 ft., [APH _ 2518, 9 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Schnebly Hill Road northeast of Sedona in pines north Highway 17, 34.914247 - 111.640255 5, 6506 ft., [APH _ 2523, 21 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; 0.1 miles NW Mormon Lake Rd on FS Rd 240, 34.946366 - 111.490839 1, 7175 ft., [APH _ 0764, 6 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.54 miles E Spruce St on Hwy- 180, 35.604503 - 112.040946 1, 6126 ft., [APH _ 0772, 7 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.63 miles W Spruce St on Hwy- 180, 35.609818 - 112.060954 1, 6095 ft., [APH _ 0773, 7 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.9 miles E Hwy- 64 / 180 on FS Rd 320, 35.804115 - 112.115103 1, 6185 ft., [APH _ 0769, 7 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.1 miles S FS Rd 320 on Hwy- 64 / 180, 35.787285 - 112.129924 1, 6095 ft., [APH _ 0770 - 0771, 7 / 10 / 2009, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.5 miles S Mormon Lake Rd on Lake Mary Rd, 34.962886 - 111.437062 1, 7298 ft., [APH _ 1403 - 1404, 9 / 10 / 2011, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.55 miles N FR- 234 on Lake Mary Rd, 34.673922 - 111.380134 1, 6893 ft., [APH _ 1406, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.66 miles W Lake Mary Rd on Mormon Lake Rd, 34.983545 - 111.474974 1, 7251 ft., [APH _ 0765, 6 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 2.33 miles N Mormon Lake Rd on Lake Mary Rd, 35.014623 - 111.451737 1, 6910 ft., [APH _ 0766 - 0767, 6 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 3.5 miles north of Flagstaff on 89 A, then 1 mile northeast on Land Fill road, 35.286659 - 111.537408 5, 6726 ft., [APH _ 2556, 21 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; 5.4 miles N Mormon Lake Rd on Lake Mary Rd, 35.056801 - 111.462549 1, 6913 ft., [APH _ 0768, 6 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 6 miles north of Flagstaff-east of Highway 89 A, 35.286052 - 111.534536 5, 6739 ft., [APH _ 2558, 4 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; 8 miles north of Flagstaff on 89 A, 35.270113 - 111.545071 5, 6732 ft., [APH _ 2545, 5 / 11 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; along FR- 47 near Kaibab Lake, 35.276468 - 112.156744 1, 6885 ft., [APH _ 1427, 15 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Krissy E. Rehm, AUMNH]; along FS- 126, 34.982005 - 111.27115 2, 6382 ft., [APH _ 0750, 20 / 9 / 2009, 1 ♂, Tyler P. McKee, AUMNH]; Disc Cave, 35.246593 - 111.746956 5, 7690 ft., [APH _ 2054, 1 / 11 / 1953, 1 ♂, R. deSaussure, AMNH]; E of junction of I- 17 and Rocky Park Road, 34.808426 - 111.598321 5, 6463 ft., [AUMS _ 2274, 12 / 1991, 1 ♀, Chuck Kristensen, AUMNH]; east side of Upper Lake Mary, 35.048834 - 111.456544 5, 6860 ft., [APH _ 2563, 9 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Grand Canyon, 36.090161 - 112.123683 7, 3540 ft., [APH _ 2592, 3 / 10 / 1935, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Grand Canyon National Park, South Rim Trail, 36.060569 - 112.124309 1, 6987 ft., [APH _ 1425 - 1426, 14 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Krissy E. Rehm, AUMNH]; Grand Canyon Village, 36.054444 - 112.140111 5, 6880 ft., [APH _ 2047, 15 / 9 / 1939, 1 ♂, W. H. Behle, AMNH]; Grand Canyon - Colorado river side, 36.090969 - 112.128235 7, 3675 ft., [APH _ 2564, 23 / 10 / 1982, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Grand Canyon, S rim, 5.5 miles E of Hwy 64 / 180 off Hwy 64, 36.006329 - 112.03996 5, 7160 ft., [AUMS _ 2270, 7 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Grand Canyon, S. Rim - 7.7 E of Hwy 64 / 180 jct off Hwy 64, 35.993894 - 112.02127 4, 7370 ft., [AUMS _ 2393, 6 / 10 / 1996, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Grand Canyon, S. Rim 5.7 E of Hwy 64 / 180 jct, 35.996859 - 112.032781 5, 7295 ft., [AUMS _ 2291, 6 / 10 / 1996, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Highway 180, 0.1 miles E of marker 258, 35.59363 - 112.000625 4, 6280 ft., [AUMS _ 2271, 17 / 10 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Highway 180, 1.6 miles E of marker 258, 35.594031 - 112.000933 5, 6280 ft., [AUMS _ 2269, 17 / 10 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Hwy 64, 1.5 miles S of Hwy 64 and 180 junction, 36.050233 - 112.067007 4, 6033 ft., [AUMS _ 3290, 18 / 10 / 1998, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; just east of Lake Mary Rd on unnamed Forest Rd, 34.695292 - 111.372356 1, 6908 ft., [APH _ 1405, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Kaibab Lake, 0.5 miles W of Hwy 64, 0.75 miles N of I- 40, 35.27411 - 112.157105 4, 6933 ft., [AUMS _ 2275, 22 / 10 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Kaibab National Forest, along Benham Trail, 35.203242 - 112.179256 1, 7307 ft., [APH _ 1428, 15 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Krissy E. Rehm, AUMNH]; Lake Mary Rd, along Lower Lake Mary, 35.086973 - 111.533713 1, 6773 ft., [APH _ 1529, 4 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Lake Mary Rd, near Jct with CR- 209, 34.976885 - 111.446262 1, 7126 ft., [APH _ 1530, 4 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Lakeview Trail at Double Springs Campground, 34.940291 - 111.493418 1, 7213 ft., [APH _ 0509 - 0510, 20 / 5 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Leupp Road (510) west of Doney Park, 35.23797 - 111.426361 5, 6207 ft., [APH _ 2562, 9 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; [APH _ 2571, 9 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. Sanderson, AMNH]; Leupp Road east of Flagstaff, 4 miles west of turnoff to Leupp, 35.299775 - 111.028763 5, 4767 ft., [APH _ 2569, 8 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Lower Lake Mary, Lake Mary Rd., 0.75 - 1 mile N of dividing dam, 35.094464 - 111.542495 4, 6840 ft., [AUMS _ 2280, 8 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lower Lake Mary, Lake Mary Rd., S of dividing dam, 35.08059 - 111.5309 6, 6826 ft., [AUMS _ 2282, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Mogollon Rim, along Hwy- 260, E of Payson, 34.29877 - 110.86005 5, 7574 ft., [APH _ 0171 - 0172, unknown, 2 juv, Brandon Anderson, AUMNH]; Munds Park, along Pinewood Blvd between Maverick Circle and Stallion Circle, 34.939587 - 111.629052 1, 6639 ft., [APH _ 0763, 6 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; NE Flagstaff in Ponderosa pine-oak forest, 35.33044 - 111.52799 6, 6801 ft., [AUMS _ 3350, 5 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, Mary Lou Olivier, AUMNH]; near entrance to Lindbergh Spring on Highway 89 A - a few miles south of Flagstaff, 35.108374 - 111.722211 5, 6919 ft., [APH _ 2512, 28 / 9 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; NE of Flagstaff in pine-oak forest, 35.254193 - 111.566811 6, 7005 ft., [APH _ 2541, 4 / 11 / 1977, 1 ♂, Mary Lou Olivier, AMNH]; NE of Flagstaff on Leupp road between 89 A and Lindsey Road, 35.318653 - 111.250668 5, 5607 ft., [APH _ 2557, 4 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; NE of Flagstaff on Lindsey Road off of Leupp Road, 35.241864 - 111.553488 5, 6811 ft., [APH _ 2572, 28 / 9 / 1977, 1 ♂, Palmer Child, AMNH]; Oak Creek Canyon at Slide Rock, 34.944142 - 111.752462 5, 4944 ft., [APH _ 2574, 7 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Oak Creek Canyon- 3 miles south of Pine Flat campground, 34.994615 - 111.737614 5, 5443 ft., [APH _ 2573, 9 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; off SR- 260, unmarked forest road, 34.48289 - 111.45219 1, 7043 ft., [APH _ 0302, 7 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; on FH- 3, 0.5 miles south of Upper Lake Mary dam, 35.078386 - 111.529309 5, 6844 ft., [APH _ 2560, 9 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, 1 / 2 mile south of curve to Mormon Lake Village, 34.897979 - 111.438392 5, 7310 ft., [APH _ 2546, 9 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, 13.5 miles north of Highway 87, 34.858355 - 111.437038 5, 7392 ft., [APH _ 2566, 31 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, 4 miles north of Upper Lake Mary dam, 35.095012 - 111.544621 5, 6864 ft., [APH _ 2537, 9 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, 5 miles south of Upper Lake Mary dam, 35.06553 - 111.506179 5, 6844 ft., [APH _ 2536, 9 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, east of Upper Lake Mary, north of Mormon Lake Village, 35.022747 - 111.452029 5, 6909 ft., [APH _ 2561, 12 / 11 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; [APH _ 2570, 12 / 11 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on FH- 3, near Upper Lake Mary, 35.032127 - 111.453127 5, 6890 ft., [APH _ 2542, 9 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on road north of Flagstaff near Buffalo Park, 35.21067 - 111.633677 5, 7090 ft., [APH _ 2568, 4 / 10 / 1977, 1 ♂, M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on road to Mormon Lake Village-west of FH- 3, 34.901168 - 111.444089 5, 7234 ft., [APH _ 2565, 9 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; on road west of Mormon Lake, 34.937277 - 111.48767 5, 7198 ft., [APH _ 2544, 9 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Ponderosa pine-oak forest northeast of Flagstaff, 35.291744 - 111.487715 6, 6598 ft., [APH _ 2559, 10 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; S Rim of Grand Canyon, 4.2 miles E of Hwy 180 and Ring Rd junction, 36.005413 - 112.046599 4, 7258 ft., [AUMS _ 2288, 5 / 10 / 1996, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; S rim of Grand Canyon, BLM road between Grandview and Moran Points, 35.975297 - 111.94644 6, 7124 ft., [AUMS _ 2266, 21 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Schnebly Hill Road, 34.867375 - 111.746206 5, 4495 ft., [APH _ 2538, 27 / 11 / 1978, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; south of Flagstaff on FH- 3 (Lake Mary Road), 35.137983 - 111.644481 5, 6969 ft., [APH _ 2547, 4 / 11 / 1977, 1 ♂, B. and M. W. Sanderson, AMNH]; Tusayan - jct. rd. 302, 35.926944 - 112.048164 5, 6840 ft., [AUMS _ 2392, 21 / 10 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, 0.7 miles E of Hwy 64 / 180 on FR 302, 35.967188 - 112.115484 4, 6701 ft., [AUMS _ 2279, 21 / 10 / 1999, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, 2.1 miles E of Hwy 64 / 180 on FR 302, 35.954709 - 112.091883 4, 6754 ft., [AUMS _ 2283, 6 / 10 / 1996, 1 juv, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, 4.6 miles SE on Rd 302, 1 mile W off 302 on dirt road, 35.9315 - 112.076389 4, 6805 ft., [AUMS _ 2618, 13 / 10 / 2001, 2 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, campsite 1 / 2 mile N, 35.980154 - 112.121266 5, 6660 ft., [AUMS _ 2286, 6 / 10 / 1996, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, campsite 5 miles E of town, 35.930788 - 112.056647 4, 6812 ft., [AUMS _ 2284, 5 / 10 / 1996, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Tusayan, Hwy 180 / 64, 1.2 miles E of Tusayan on Rd. 302, 35.963569 - 112.106672 4, 6729 ft., [AUMS _ 2292, 7 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road- 0.2 miles S of Marshall Lake Road, 35.090485 - 111.53677 4, 6842 ft., [AUMS _ 2273, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2287, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road- 0.25 miles S of Marshall Lake Road, 35.089915 - 111.535904 4, 6845 ft., [AUMS _ 2277, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2290, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road- 2 miles S of boat landing, 35.05728 - 111.471341 4, 6840 ft., [AUMS _ 2276, 8 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road- directly across rd. L. M. boat landing, 35.072195 - 111.522194 4, 6847 ft., [AUMS _ 2289, 22 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road, 0.5 miles S of northern boat landing, 35.067884 - 111.513956 4, 6851 ft., [AUMS _ 3292, 8 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, Lake Mary Road, just S of northern L. M. boat landing, 35.070238 - 111.520417 5, 6843 ft., [AUMS _ 2466, 8 / 10 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Upper Lake Mary, S end of lake (Tusayan), 35.043271 - 111.465698 5, 6860 ft., [AUMS _ 2659, 17 / 10 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; W. side of San Francisco Mountain (near Sugarloaf Mtn), 35.342816 - 111.737946 6, 8510 ft., [APH _ 2049, 4 / 10 / 1970, 1 ♂, R. H. Russell, AMNH]; West of Mormon Lake on road, 34.915288 - 111.470848 5, 7123 ft., [APH _ 2502, 9 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. S and BBS, AMNH]; Gila: along FR- 512, 34.19 - 110.7925 2, 6600 ft., [APH _ 1239 - 1241, 24 / 10 / 2010, 3 ♂, Tyler P. McKee, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1246 - 1247, 24 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Tyler P. McKee, AUMNH]; Mazatzal Mtns, Four Peaks, Pigeon Spring Rd. junction, 33.72156 - 111.33753 1, 5780 ft., [APH _ 0296, 6 / 10 / 2007, 1 juv, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Mount Ord, 33.908542 - 111.406922 1, 6864 ft., [APH _ 1533, 4 / 10 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Strawberry, 34.444717 - 111.453017 6, 7079 ft., [APH _ 0878 - 0879, 2007, 2 juv, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0882, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Maricopa: Mount Ord, 33.91722 - 111.40972 5, 6338 ft., [APH _ 0137, unknown, 1 juv, David Kandeyeli, AUMNH]; Navajo: 0.55 miles W Hwy- 260 on unmarked Forest Rd, 34.430555 - 110.652986 1, 6827 ft., [APH _ 1407, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.35 miles SW Apache County Line on Elmer's Way, 34.212947 - 109.869137 1, 7020 ft., [APH _ 1424, 12 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Heber, 34.435921 - 110.599701 5, 6575 ft., [APH _ 2053, 18 / 10 / 1950, 1 ♂, G. M. Bradt, AMNH]; Yavapai: 1005 N Zuni Ln, Prescott, 34.55229 - 112.26907 2, 4738 ft., [APH _ 0030, 23 / 10 / 2005, 1 ♂, Shane Yoder, AUMNH]; 2.1 miles of junction Copper Basin Rd. / 89 a S along Hwy 89, 34.499381 - 112.480383 4, 5801 ft., [AUMS _ 2522, 17 / 11 / 1987, 1 ♂, F. C. Baptista, AUMNH]; Bradshaw Mtns, 34.41407 - 112.403407 6, 7480 ft., [AUMS _ 3294, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; Bradshaw Mtns, above Crown King, 34.223851 - 112.319382 6, 6074 ft., [AUMS _ 2268, 22 / 9 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Bradshaw Mtns, Coal Camp Spring, 34.152809 - 112.273775 6, 6192 ft., [AUMS _ 2249, 19 / 9 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Bradshaw Mtns, Lane Mtn. area, eastern slope - power line, 34.156773 - 112.316443 6, 6703 ft., [AUMS _ 2389, 21 / 9 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Crown King by Ranger Station, 34.210431 - 112.336055 6, 5721 ft., [AUMS _ 2281, 25 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, Fred Jenson, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2634, 24 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, Fred Jenson, AUMNH]; Crown King ranger station, 34.206888 - 112.34151 5, 5885 ft., [AUMS _ 3276, 19 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, Fred Jenson, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 3287, 18 / 9 / 1992, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Granite Basin Rd, near Prescott, 34.613078 - 112.543108 2, 5624 ft., [APH _ 1608 - 1611, 12 / 10 / 2012, 4 ♂, Tim Cota, AUMNH]; Ranger Station, Bradshaw Mtns, 34.468075 - 112.514445 7, 5884 ft., [AUMS _ 2207, 18 / 9 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Seligman, 0.75 miles from I- 40 BI on CR- 5, 35.313373 - 112.86772 1, 5225 ft., [APH _ 1429, 15 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Krissy E. Rehm, AUMNH]; Seligman, along CR- 5, 35.295749 - 112.867876 1, 5211 ft., [APH _ 1544, 23 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Colorado: Archuleta: 6 miles S Hwy 160 on Cat Creek Rd, 37.15957 - 107.16641 5, 6953 ft., [APH _ 0009, 8 / 10 / 2004, 1 ♂, Rich Fuller, AUMNH]; Conejos: along Hwy- 142, 37.17546 - 105.849954 1, 7750 ft., [APH _ 1526 - 1527, 2 / 10 / 2012, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Dolores: 0.25 miles NW CR-N on Hwy- 491 (Hwy- 666), 37.700308 - 108.836649 1, 6673 ft., [APH _ 1412, 10 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.6 miles E CR- 15 on Rd N, 37.70015 - 108.76392 2, 7005 ft., [APH _ 1238, 17 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Bob De Groff, AUMNH]; 10 miles SE Dove Creek, 0.5 miles E CR 15 on Rd N, 37.69978 - 108.76347 4, 7028 ft., [APH _ 0787, 8 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, Robert De Groff, AUMNH]; 11 miles SE Dove Creek, 37.639983 - 108.80134 2, 6744 ft., [APH _ 1433, 4 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, Bob De Groff, AUMNH]; Dove Creek, 37.7661 - 108.905939 5, 6861 ft., [AUMS _ 2632, 8 / 10 / 2002, 1 ♂, Dessie Watson and La Veta Martin, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2640, 28 / 10 / 2001, 1 ♂, Emullest, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2657, 4 / 10 / 2002, 1 ♂, E & R Summers, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2658, 30 / 9 / 2002, 1 ♀, E & J Crawford, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2661, 25 / 10 / 2001, 1 ♂, Jake Holley, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2662, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2663, 7 / 10 / 2001, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2665, 9 / 10 / 2002, 1 ♂, J. Fury, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2666, 28 / 10 / 2001, 1 ♂, Glenda Holley, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2656, 9 / 10 / 2002, 1 ♀, Jeff Martinez and Buddy Banks, AUMNH]; Montezuma: Town of Cortez, 0.4 miles N CR-G on Creek 22.6, 37.31811 - 108.62973 2, 5930 ft., [APH _ 1237, 3 / 10 / 2010, 1 ♂, Bob De Groff, AUMNH]; Montrose: Nucla, 38.24624 - 108.545593 5, 5840 ft., [APH _ 2604, 8 / 10 / 1964, 1 ♂, L. Anderson, AMNH]; Nucla, 5 miles N CO- 97, 38.26991 - 108.54767 5, 5816 ft., [APH _ 0008, 9 / 10 / 2004, 1 ♂, Peggy Case, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Catron: 0.4 miles E Hwy- 180 on Hwy- 12, 33.694408 - 108.855012 1, 6344 ft., [APH _ 1396, 6 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.7 miles E Hwy- 180 on Hwy- 12, 33.69624 - 108.849978 1, 6312 ft., [APH _ 1397, 6 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 11.4 miles N Hwy- 12 on Hwy- 32, 33.975757 - 108.674004 1, 7560 ft., [APH _ 1399, 6 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 3.8 miles E Hwy- 180 on Hwy- 12, 33.717351 - 108.803131 1, 6086 ft., [APH _ 1398, 6 / 10 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 9.1 miles S Hwy- 60 on Hwy- 32, 34.222511 - 108.541725 1, 7299 ft., [APH _ 1400, 6 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Swingle Canyon Rd, 34.179194 - 107.896824 1, 7639 ft., [APH _ 1534, 5 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Cibola: El Morro National Monument, along Hwy- 53, 35.043388 - 108.343568 1, 7182 ft., [APH _ 1410, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Grant: 3.6 miles E Hwy- 15 on Hwy- 35 (Ruins Vista Trail), 33.034239 - 108.163433 1, 6165 ft., [APH _ 1401, 7 / 10 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Gila National Forest, 33.32663 - 108.334031 6, 7802 ft., [APH _ 2575, 20 / 8 / 1975, 1 ♂, Riectert, AMNH]; Meadow Creek, 33.034779 - 108.184903 5, 5928 ft., [APH _ 2621, 16 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, MH ♂, AMNH]; [APH _ 2634, 4 / 12 / 1977, 1 ♂, M. H. Muma, AMNH]; Los Alamos: 0.45 miles SE Bandelier National Monument entrance on Hwy- 4, 35.791144 - 106.267812 1, 6614 ft., [APH _ 1422, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; McKinley: Zuni, 0.44 miles W CR- 8 on Hwy- 53, 35.068318 - 108.859058 1, 6272 ft., [APH _ 1409, 9 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Rio Arriba: 2.75 miles E CR- 247 on Hwy- 111 / 554, 36.349489 - 106.146003 1, 7122 ft., [APH _ 1536, 6 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 2.8 miles S El Rito on Hwy- 554, 36.304638 - 106.183638 1, 6741 ft., [APH _ 1535, 6 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Chama Canyon Road, 8 miles west of Hwy 84, 36.585467 - 106.725334 5, 6821 ft., [APH _ 2051, 6 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, William A. Shear, AMNH]; Valencia Canyon, Carson National Forest, 36.5850096 - 107.2461544 5, 6745 ft., [APH _ 2050, 25 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, William A. Shear, AMNH]; [APH _ 2052, 26 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, William A. Shear, AMNH]; San Juan: 0.4 miles E CR- 7635 along dirt road, 36.28073 - 107.8757 2, 6721 ft., [APH _ 1431 - 1432, 4 / 11 / 2011, 2 ♂, Amber Williams, AUMNH]; along dirt road just W of Rio Arriba County line, 36.29967 - 107.63205 2, 7236 ft., [APH _ 1430, 1 / 11 / 2011, 1 ♂, Amber Williams, AUMNH]; Sandoval: Jemez Springs, 35.768636 - 106.692258 5, 6204 ft., [APH _ 2320, unknown, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Gertsch, AMNH]; Santa Fe National Forest, River's Bend Rec Area, off Hwy- 4, 35.713267 - 106.723601 1, 5827 ft., [APH _ 1524, 1 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1542, 7 / 10 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Taos: 10.4 miles SE Hwy- 285 on Hwy- 64, 36.582832 - 105.798461 1, 7388 ft., [APH _ 1417, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 2.4 miles SE Hwy- 285 on Hwy- 64, 36.632836 - 105.927053 1, 7942 ft., [APH _ 1413, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 2.87 miles E Hwy- 285 on Hwy- 567, 36.361557 - 105.846664 1, 7057 ft., [APH _ 1537, 6 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 3.7 miles E Rio Grande Gorge on Hwy- 64, 36.465284 - 105.66766 1, 7087 ft., [APH _ 1421, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 5.2 miles SE Hwy- 285 on Hwy- 64, 36.615257 - 105.881934 1, 7708 ft., [APH _ 1414, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 7.5 miles N Hwy- 64 on Hwy- 285, 36.75308 - 105.982277 1, 8229 ft., [APH _ 1525, 2 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 8.6 miles SE Hwy- 285 on Hwy- 64, 36.594161 - 105.827864 1, 7502 ft., [APH _ 1415 - 1416, 11 / 10 / 2011, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 64, 36.479505 - 105.748914 1, 6906 ft., [APH _ 1539 - 1541, 6 / 10 / 2012, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 64, Taos Plateau Access Road, 36.561091 - 105.769216 1, 7356 ft., [APH _ 1528, 2 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Hwy- 570 at the bottom of the Rio Grande Gorge, 36.319072 - 105.755713 1, 6388 ft., [APH _ 1538, 6 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; near jct. Sheep Herder Rd and Upper Rim Rd (0.9 miles W Rio Grande Gorge on Hwy- 64), 36.480253 - 105.747771 1, 7031 ft., [APH _ 1418 - 1420, 11 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Utah: San Juan: along Mustang Rd, near Blanding, 37.676633 - 109.403537 1, 6478 ft., [APH _ 1411, 10 / 10 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Black Ridge area, south of Moab, 38.389 - 109.372 6, 6706 ft., [APH _ 1444, 2 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♂, Corina Smith, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
E1630BFBAC174C2896AA1593CB288016.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma moderatum (Fig. 93) is a member of the moderatum species group can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma moderatum as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Fig. 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma gabeli and Aphonopelma moellendorfi sp. n. Females and subadult males are morphologically unique and can be readily identified by possessing an orange body disrupted by distinctly darkened (black or dark brown) banding on the patellae, metatarsi, and tarsi (Fig. 93). Aphonopelma moderatum can be distinguished from Aphonopelma anax by the shapes of its spermathecae and palpal bulbs; from Aphonopelma armada by lacking flared metatarsal scopulae and the unique pattern of setae on coxa I; and from Aphonopelma gabeli and Aphonopelma hentzi by phenotypic appearance. The most important measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma moderatum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is the article M 1. Male Aphonopelma moderatum can be distinguished by possessing a larger M 1 / M 4 (≥ 0.76; 0.76 - 0.81) than Aphonopelma armada (≤ 0.73; 0.63 - 0.73), Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.74; 0.70 - 0.74), and Aphonopelma hentzi (≤ 0.75; 0.67 - 0.75); by possessing a smaller CL / M 1 (≤ 1.30; 1.13 - 1.30) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.63) and Aphonopelma armada (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.47); and a smaller PTl / M 1 (≤ 0.69; 0.61 - 0.69) than Aphonopelma armada (≥ 0.73; 0.73 - 0.83) and Aphonopelma hentzi (≥ 0.74; 0.74 - 0.88). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma moderatum from Aphonopelma moellendorfi. Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma moderatum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and T 3. Female Aphonopelma moderatum can be distinguished by possessing a smaller Cl / A 3 (≤ 2.46; 2.36 - 2.46) than Aphonopelma armada (≥ 2.48; 2.48 - 2.64); a smaller T 3 / T 4 (≤ 0.70; 0.63 - 0.70) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≥ 0.73; 0.73 - 0.79); and a smaller P 1 / T 3 (≤ 13.12; 8.14 - 13.12) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 13.88; 13.88 - 19.15). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma moderatum from Aphonopelma hentzi. Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown and cannot be compared.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
E1630BFBAC174C2896AA1593CB288016.taxon	description	Description. Male originally described by Chamberlin and Ivie (1939).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
E1630BFBAC174C2896AA1593CB288016.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Texas: Dimmit: Picnic area 3 miles NW Catarina on US- 83, 28.375443 - 99.64811 1, 566 ft., [APH _ 0471 - 0472, 11 / 4 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Hidalgo: Edinberg, 26.290053 - 98.155073 5, 92 ft., [APH _ 2208, 12 / 1937, 1 ♀, S. Mulaik, AMNH]; Jim Hogg: 1.4 miles W FM- 649 on TX- 16, 27.087044 - 98.946036 1, 594 ft., [APH _ 1132, 16 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Kinney: 0.59 miles E US- 277 on FM- 693, 29.17044 - 100.673259 1, 972 ft., [APH _ 1163, 17 / 3 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 4.6 miles SW US- 90 on FM- 1572, 29.21789 - 100.260058 1, 1002 ft., [APH _ 1157 - 1160, 17 / 3 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 7.8 miles W Hwy- 131 on Hwy- 90 (W of Brackettville), 29.33578 - 100.53469 2, 1075 ft., [APH _ 1448, 28 / 1 / 2012, 1 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; Picnic area, 7.9 miles W FM- 1572 on US- 90, 29.280556 - 100.323946 1, 1074 ft., [APH _ 0474 - 0475, 11 / 4 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Maverick: 11.1 miles N Webb County Line on FM- 1021, 28.303931 - 100.219328 1, 775 ft., [APH _ 1140 - 1142, 16 / 3 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 4.55 miles S Kinney County Line on FM- 1908, 29.020109 - 100.569423 1, 913 ft., [APH _ 1161 - 1162, 17 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 4.6 miles ESE Eagle Pass (jct US- 57) on US- 277, 28.69567 - 100.39303 1, 833 ft., [APH _ 0054, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0057, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0149, 17 / 7 / 2006, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 5.2 miles N FM- 2644 on FM- 1021, 28.572348 - 100.347434 1, 751 ft., [APH _ 1143 - 1146, 16 / 3 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 9.0 miles NE US- 57 on FM- 481, 28.928198 - 100.262798 1, 787 ft., [APH _ 1147 - 1148, 17 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; off dirt road near Hwy- 277, 28.67713 - 100.32325 2, 830 ft., [APH _ 1452 - 1453, 24 / 1 / 2012, 2 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; McMullen: 0.7 miles S FM- 624 on TX- 16, 28.123878 - 98.59089 1, 389 ft., [APH _ 1118 - 1121, 14 / 3 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Starr: 0.4 miles SW Ranch Rd on FM- 755, 26.52287 - 98.69055 1, 482 ft., [APH _ 1276, 12 / 5 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 3.2 miles E FM- 2360 on US- 83, 26.289361 - 98.593355 1, 177 ft., [APH _ 0464 - 0465, 10 / 4 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 4.1 miles N US- 83 on FM- 3167, 26.429482 - 98.850094 1, 279 ft., [APH _ 1126 - 1128, 15 / 3 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 5 miles east of Rio Grande City, 26.377617 - 98.789218 5, 151 ft., [APH _ 2649, 29 / 4 / 1939, 1 juv, D. Mulaik, AMNH]; Falcon Reservoir, 26.574767 - 99.128433 5, 370 ft., [APH _ 0890, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Rio Grande City, 26.379787 - 98.820305 5, 161 ft., [APH _ 2321, 29 / 9 / 1939, 1 ♀, 4 ♂, S. Mulaik, AMNH]; Uvalde: 1.93 miles NE Zavala County Line on FM- 481, 29.095431 - 99.961871 1, 855 ft., [APH _ 1153 - 1156, 17 / 3 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Uvalde, near Nueces River, 29.067017 - 99.84935 5, 783 ft., [APH _ 0930, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Val Verde: 0.25 miles N Kinney County Line on Hwy- 277, 29.25733 - 100.75319 2, 897 ft., [APH _ 1447, 26 / 1 / 2012, 1 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1456 - 1457, 26 / 1 / 2012, 2 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; Amistad National Recreation Area, US- 277 North Campground, 29.511963 - 100.907314 1, 1135 ft., [APH _ 1168 - 1170, 17 / 3 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Comstock, 29.685333 - 101.170783 1, 1550 ft., [APH _ 0891, 15 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0893 - 0894, 15 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Comstock Cemetery, 29.685451 - 101.170515 2, 1565 ft., [APH _ 0535, 4 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Del Rio - Hwy 90 W of Lake Amistad, 29.56805 - 101.0745 5, 1293 ft., [APH _ 0929, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Del Rio - Lake Amistad, 29.561667 - 101.03155 1, 1149 ft., [APH _ 0892, 15 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Del Rio - Lake Amistad, 29.4704 - 100.952283 5, 1112 ft., [APH _ 0877, 7 / 2008, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Del Rio, 0.3 miles N Hwy- 90 on Hwy- 377, 29.4315 - 100.908 2, 1104 ft., [APH _ 1445 - 1146, 31 / 1 / 2012, 2 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; Lake Amistad Rec Area, Spur 406, 29.59828 - 101.06573 1, 1380 ft., [APH _ 1291, 15 / 5 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Lake Amistad Rec Area, Spur 454, 29.469723 - 100.950532 1, 1127 ft., [APH _ 0534, 4 / 6 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Lake Amistad Rec Area, US- 277 N campground, 29.51043 - 100.90765 1, 1125 ft., [APH _ 1292, 15 / 5 / 2011, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Langtry, along road that leads to dump, 29.81062 - 101.56441 1, 1325 ft., [APH _ 1290, 15 / 5 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Seminole Canyon State Park, N of campground, 29.6962 - 101.32285 1, 1400 ft., [APH _ 1286 - 1287, 13 / 5 / 2011, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; Webb: 0.64 miles E FM- 2895 on US- 59, 27.699808 - 99.027114 1, 562 ft., [APH _ 1122 - 1124, 14 / 3 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 1.45 miles W FM- 3338 on FM- 1472, 27.661125 - 99.584458 1, 562 ft., [APH _ 1133 - 1134, 16 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 10.15 miles SE Maverick County Line on Eagle Pass Rd, 28.100947 - 99.993316 1, 615 ft., [APH _ 1138 - 1139, 16 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 3.6 miles NW I- 35 on US- 83, 27.80051 - 99.46291 1, 760 ft., [APH _ 1283 - 1284, 13 / 5 / 2011, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Kate Hall, Austin Deskewies, Alexis Guice, AUMNH]; 4.3 miles E Loop- 20 on US- 59 at Los Tios Creek, 27.561599 - 99.390339 1, 467 ft., [APH _ 0467 - 0470, 11 / 4 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 7.35 miles NW Mines Rd on FM- 1472, 27.838017 - 99.832079 1, 531 ft., [APH _ 1135 - 1137, 16 / 3 / 2010, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Laredo, 27.530614 - 99.480215 5, 453 ft., [APH _ 2319, 10 / 3 / 1936, 1 ♂, S. Mulaik, AMNH]; near Jct. Hwy- 83 and I- 35, 27.75556 - 99.43975 2, 711 ft., [APH _ 1450 - 1451, 19 / 1 / 2012, 2 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; roadside park, 5.7 miles E Loop- 20 on Hwy- 59, 27.5684 - 99.36855 2, 549 ft., [APH _ 1454 - 1455, 18 / 1 / 2012, 2 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; Zapata: 12.3 miles N FM- 3169 (San Ygnacio) on Hwy- 83, 27.21819 - 99.41825 2, 339 ft., [APH _ 1449, 21 / 1 / 2012, 1 juv, Stanley A. Schultz, AUMNH]; 2.0 miles SE FM- 3169 on US- 83, 27.025086 - 99.411585 1, 364 ft., [APH _ 0466, 10 / 4 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Falcon State Park, 26.59031 - 99.15428 1, 306 ft., [APH _ 0031, 15 / 3 / 2005, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Zavala: 1.5 miles E Maverick County Line on FM- 481, 29.054763 - 100.087256 1, 809 ft., [APH _ 1151 - 1152, 17 / 3 / 2010, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Gerri Wilson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; just S of Rest Area near Nueces River, 29.070874 - 99.842183 1, 844 ft., [APH _ 0532 - 0533, 3 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Courtney Dugas, Sloan Click, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
10DCBB6FA4585768C576D7C9421FD016.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in recognition of Dave Moellendorf, a friend and mentor to CAH. Moellendorf introduced CAH to the tarantula fauna of Texas and encouraged and fostered CAH's early research on the genus Aphonopelma. Moellendorf has also spent countless hours educating the public on the importance of spiders on our planet.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
10DCBB6FA4585768C576D7C9421FD016.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma moellendorfi belongs to the moderatum species complex and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma moellendorfi as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as the sister lineage to Aphonopelma gabeli and closely related to Aphonopelma moderatum. Immature and penultimate males of Aphonopelma moellendorfi can be distinguished from Aphonopelma moderatum and Aphonopelma gabeli due to their overall phenotypic appearance (i. e., Aphonopelma moellendorfi closely resemble Aphonopelma hentzi; D. Moellendorf, pers. comm.). Mature male Aphonopelma moellendorfi can be distinguished from Aphonopelma anax by the shape of their palpal bulbs. The significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma moellendorfi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is M 1. Male Aphonopelma moellendorfi can be distinguished by possessing a larger M 1 / M 3 (≥ 0.95; 0.95 - 1.00) than Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.94; 0.90 - 0.94); by possessing a smaller PTl / M 1 (≤ 0.69; 0.60 - 0.69) than Aphonopelma armada (≥ 0.73; 0.73 - 0.83) and Aphonopelma hentzi (≥ 0.74; 0.74 - 0.88); and a smaller CL / M 1 (≤ 1.31; 1.10 - 1.31) than Aphonopelma anax (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.63) and Aphonopelma armada (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.47). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma moellendorfi from Aphonopelma moderatum. Females of Aphonopelma moellendorfi are unknown at this time.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
10DCBB6FA4585768C576D7C9421FD016.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Texas: Presidio: Hwy 169, 29.938343 - 104.034011 6, 3992 ft., [APH _ 0948, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Sierra Vieja Mtns, 13 miles west Valentine, 30.723313 - 104.669391 4, 4127 ft., [APH _ 0938, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0969, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Val Verde: Del Rio - Hwy 90 W of Lake Amistad, 29.618868 - 101.104385 5, 1406 ft., [APH _ 0928, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AMNH]; N of Del Rio on Hwy 277, 29.488717 - 100.907633 5, 1190 ft., [APH _ 0925, 2006, 1 ♂, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
98B0F6C2255262ADDE497BB68B3ABE76.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma mojave (Fig. 100) is a member of the paloma species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma mojave as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma atomicum sp. n., Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n., Aphonopelma prenticei sp. n., and Aphonopelma joshua. Aphonopelma mojave can easily be distinguished from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma iodius by their smaller size and limited extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV, and from other members of the paloma species group by locality. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma mojave from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 4, PTl, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma mojave can be distinguished by possessing a larger PTl / F 4 (≥ 0.57; 0.57 - 0.62) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.51; 0.48 - 0.51); and by possessing a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (30 % - 44 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (62 % - 88 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma mojave from Aphonopelma atomicum, Aphonopelma icenoglei, or Aphonopelma prenticei, although Aphonopelma mojave males do not possess the swollen femur III condition that is known in Aphonopelma atomicum and Aphonopelma prenticei). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma mojave from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl, F 3, T 3, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma mojave can be distinguished by possessing a larger A 1 / F 3 (≥ 0.56; 0.56 - 0.67) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 0.56; 0.53 - 0.56); a larger F 1 / T 3 (≥ 1.57; 1.57 - 1.92) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 1.57; 1.47 - 1.57); by possessing a smaller Cl / M 4 (≤ 1.31; 1.20 - 1.31) than Aphonopelma prenticei (≥ 1.31; 1.31 - 1.52); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (34 % - 52 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma mojave from Aphonopelma icenoglei. Aphonopelma mojave and Aphonopelma icenoglei are morphologically very similar but are not sister lineages (Fig. 8) and have allopatric distributions.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
98B0F6C2255262ADDE497BB68B3ABE76.taxon	description	Description. Male and female originally described by Prentice (1997).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
98B0F6C2255262ADDE497BB68B3ABE76.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Kern: 7 miles north of Johannesburg, 35.4804 - 117.654683 5, 3412 ft., [APH _ 2669, 9 / 10 / 1968, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 8 miles NW San Bernardino County Line along Hwy 395, 35.469394 - 117.65434 1, 3482 ft., [APH _ 0754 - 0755, 4 / 10 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 8.1 miles into Kern county on Hwy 395, 35.480904 - 117.67768 4, 4003 ft., [APH _ 2390, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 8.2 miles E Hwy- 14 on Hwy- 58, 35.016745 - 118.035457 1, 2596 ft., [APH _ 1323 - 1325, 30 / 7 / 2011, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 9.7 miles W US- 395 on Randsburg-Mojave Rd (Osdick Rd becomes Randsburg-Mojave Rd), 35.26131 - 117.75031 1, 3287 ft., [APH _ 0326 - 0327, 7 / 5 / 2008, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; along power line road west of Hwy- 14, 35.462553 - 117.971773 1, 3199 ft., [APH _ 1204 - 1207, 31 / 7 / 2010, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; E of Mojave, near Hwy 58, off Cache Creek Rd, 35.1261 - 118.18484 1, 3252 ft., [APH _ 3101, 18 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; E of Mojave, near Hwy 58, off Randsburg Cutoff Rd, 35.11755 - 118.15001 1, 2974 ft., [APH _ 3102, 19 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; Jawbone Canyon area, 35.32137 - 118.11149 5, 2900 ft., [APH _ 1355, 21 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Warren Burke, AUMNH]; Ransburg-Inyokern Rd., 1 mile W of Hwy 395, 35.641784 - 117.874597 5, 2855 ft., [AUMS _ 2530, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Sage canyon, 35.600649 - 117.814267 5, 2554 ft., [AUMS _ 2576, 26 / 10 / 1975, 1 ♂, Ray Jillison, AUMNH]; SE of Walker's Pass, NE side of SR- 178 / Walker's Pass Rd, 35.62323 - 117.95274 1, 3985 ft., [APH _ 0399, 4 / 8 / 2008, 1 ♀, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Walker Pass, Hwy 178, 35.687958 - 118.051992 5, 4605 ft., [AUMS _ 2526, 20 / 10 / 1990, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; west Mojave, 35.04916 - 118.217596 7, 2985 ft., [AUMS _ 2462, 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: 0.25 miles E Hwy- 395 on Cuddeback Rd, 35.255317 - 117.608121 1, 3016 ft., [APH _ 1555 - 1556, 25 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 10 to 17 miles S of Johannesburg, 35.172459 - 117.59183 5, 2787 ft., [AUMS _ 3317, 10 / 10 / 1974, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2403, 10 / 10 / 1974, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2406, 10 / 10 / 1974, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 8.1 miles south of Kelso on Kelbaker Rd., 34.899855 - 115.649338 4, 2825 ft., [APH _ 2439, 1 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 35.358297 - 117.616726 6, 3609 ft., [AUMS _ 2513, 14 / 10 / 1990, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2527, 20 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♀, Geogr, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 1 mile west of Powerline Rd., 35.128369 - 116.794985 4, 1972 ft., [APH _ 2413, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 1.2 miles west of 20 Mule Team Rd., 35.247194 - 117.652967 4, 3005 ft., [APH _ 2412, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 19 miles N of Kramer Junction, 35.254038 - 117.553643 5, 3262 ft., [AUMS _ 2514, 3 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2535, 13 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [APH _ 2388, 28 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2405, 25 / 1 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2407, 13 / 10 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2408, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2410, 14 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2411, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2414, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, 20 miles N of Kramer Junction, 35.301692 - 117.614683 5, 3220 ft., [AUMS _ 2510, 16 / 10 / 1992, 1 juv, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, 20 miles N of Kramer Junction, Hwy 395, W side, 35.305756 - 117.615541 5, 3256 ft., [AUMS _ 2512, 4 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, campsite W of power line road, 35.331378 - 117.612816 5, 3389 ft., [AUMS _ 2364, 20 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Red Mountain, campsite, 19 miles north, 35.358297 - 117.616726 5, 3602 ft., [APH _ 2404, 4 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, junction of 20 Mule Team Rd. and PL Rd., 35.25197 - 117.611916 5, 2999 ft., [APH _ 2409, 26 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Red Mountain, South of Power Line Road, 35.321067 - 117.611791 5, 3409 ft., [AUMS _ 2531, 28 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; W of Hwy 395 along Twenty Mule Team Pkwy, 35.253597 - 117.615238 1, 3013 ft., [APH _ 1558 - 1561, 25 / 10 / 2012, 2 ♀, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma paloma (Fig. 105) is a member of the paloma species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma paloma as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) supported as the sister lineage to all other members of the paloma species group. Aphonopelma paloma is the smallest species in the United States (Fig. 106) and can easily be differentiated from syntopic species by its much smaller size and reduced extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV; it can be distinguished from other members of the paloma species group by locality. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma paloma from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are M 1 and the extent of scopulation of metatarsus III. Male Aphonopelma paloma can be distinguished by possessing a larger M 1 / T 3 (≥ 1.11; 1.11 - 1.16) than Aphonopelma parvum sp. n. (≤ 1.09; 0.99 - 1.09), Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n. (≤ 1.05; 0.99 - 1.05), Aphonopelma superstitionense sp. n. (≤ 1.04; 0.98 - 1.04), and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (≤ 1.11; 1.09 - 1.11); and by possessing a smaller L 3 scopulation extent (21 % - 41 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (75 % - 86 %), Aphonopelma mareki sp. n. (50 % - 56 %), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (44 % - 62 %). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma paloma from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma paloma can be distinguished by possessing a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (0 - 25 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (63 % - 81 %), Aphonopelma parvum (33 % - 42 %), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (26 % - 37 %); and by possessing a larger Cl / M 4 (≥ 1.44; 1.44 - 1.60) than Aphonopelma superstitionense (1.25 + / - (only 1 specimen )). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma paloma from Aphonopelma mareki or Aphonopelma saguaro.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.taxon	description	Description. Male and female originally described by Prentice (1993).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Maricopa: 1.2 miles S Aqueduct on Aguila-Wickenburg Rd, 33.571504 - 112.818108 1, 1306 ft., [APH _ 0432, 16 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 4.65 miles N I- 8 (Sentinel) on Agua Caliente Rd, 32.908339 - 113.262179 1, 584 ft., [APH _ 0430, 16 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; just NW of Jct. Vulture Mine Rd and Aguila Rd, 33.719699 - 112.8824 1, 1716 ft., [APH _ 1612 - 1613, 12 / 11 / 2012, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; just S of White Tank Mtn Rd, 33.56397 - 112.49147 2, 1360 ft., [APH _ 1101 - 1103, 30 / 11 / 2009, 3 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Pima: 0.75 miles S Ball Rd in Why along Hwy- 85, 32.25235 - 112.745206 1, 1765 ft., [APH _ 0424, 15 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0426 - 0427, 15 / 11 / 2008, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Bates Well Rd, S of Ajo, 32.27002 - 112.86087 2, 1673 ft., [APH _ 1114 - 1116, 15 / 12 / 2009, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; in desert east of Bates Well Rd, about 7 miles W of Why, AZ, 32.28612 - 112.85435 4, 1720 ft., [APH _ 0442 - 0449, 12 / 2008, 3 ♀, 5 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Tucson area, near Catalina State Park, N side of Tangerine Rd and E of Tangerine Crossing, E of Marana, 32.42413 - 111.03427 1, 2631 ft., [APH _ 3170 - 3172, 12 / 11 / 2013, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; W of Why, 32.26683 - 112.847 2, 1650 ft., [APH _ 1253 - 1258, 1 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♂, 4 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Saguaro National Park (West) - western portion, 32.32247 - 111.12608 2, 2790 ft., [APH _ 1675, 1 / 12 / 14, 1 ♂, Derrick Smith, AUMNH; Pinal: 0.7 miles S Skyline Dr. on Quail Run Ln, 33.180864 - 111.496516 2, 1552 ft., [APH _ 1671 - 1674, 6 / 12 / 2012, 4 ♀, June Olberding, Tim Cota, AUMNH]; in desert NW jct of Hwy- 84 and Amarillo Valley Rd (3.2 miles NW I- 8), 32.856511 - 112.085564 1, 1541 ft., [APH _ 0421 - 0423, 15 / 11 / 2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Paul Marek, Charity Hall, Kojun, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1603 - 1606, 10 / 11 / 2012, 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Florence-Kelvin Hwy, BLM land E of Florence, 32.99957 - 111.26484 1, 1968 ft., [APH _ 3195, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3197 - 3198, 15 / 11 / 2013, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79 around 1 / 2 way between 77 split and Florence at Tom Mix Rest Area, 32.818271 - 111.204751 1, 2338 ft., [APH _ 3194, 15 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79, E side of road, N of Tucson past Hwy 77 split, near Ninety Six hills, 32.682347 - 111.072531 1, 2972 ft., [APH _ 3189 - 3190, 14 / 11 / 2013, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; W of Chuck's Corner off S. Amarillo Valley Rd, off Hwy 84, N of I- 8, 32.85665 - 112.08419 1, 1501 ft., [APH _ 3166, 11 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH _ 3168, 11 / 11 / 2013, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
928E9CED5310DC1ED9DDB013C7B43518.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a neuter adjective for " very small " or " very little " and is in reference to the diminutive size of this new tarantula species.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
928E9CED5310DC1ED9DDB013C7B43518.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma parvum (Fig. 112) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma parvum as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma mareki sp. n., Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n., and Aphonopelma superstitionense sp. n. Aphonopelma parvum can easily be differentiated from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma chalcodes, Aphonopelma gabeli, Aphonopelma hentzi, and Aphonopelma vorhiesi by their much smaller size, and can be differentiated from other members of the paloma species group by locality. Importantly, Aphonopelma parvum males do not possess a swollen femur III as is seen in Aphonopelma paloma, Aphonopelma saguaro, Aphonopelma superstitionense, and some specimens of Aphonopelma mareki. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma parvum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV. Male Aphonopelma parvum can be distinguished by possessing a smaller Cl / PTw (≤ 4.22; 3.79 - 4.22) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≥ 5.06; 5.06 - 6.05), Aphonopelma gabeli (≥ 5.93; 5.93 - 6.56), Aphonopelma hentzi (≥ 4.87; 4.87 - 6.16), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 4.61; 4.61 - 5.58); a larger L 3 scopulation extent (60 % - 65 %) than Aphonopelma mareki (50 % - 56 %); and a larger L 4 scopulation extent (36 % - 44 %) than Aphonopelma paloma (5 % - 24 %), Aphonopelma saguaro (14 % - 26 %), and Aphonopelma superstitionense (14 % - 20 %). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma parvum from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 3 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma parvum can be distinguished by possessing a smaller F 3 / A 4 (≤ 1.28; 1.21 - 1.28) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≥ 1.44; 1.44 - 1.80), Aphonopelma gabeli (≥ 1.37; 1.37 - 1.65), Aphonopelma hentzi (≥ 1.36; 1.36 - 1.66), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 1.37; 1.37 - 1.63); and a larger L 4 scopulation extent (33 % - 42 %) than Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n. (28 % + / - (only 1 specimen )), Aphonopelma mareki (21 % - 27 %), Aphonopelma paloma (0 - 25 %), Aphonopelma saguaro (21 % + / - (only 1 specimen )), and Aphonopelma superstitionense (26 % + / - (only 1 specimen )).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
928E9CED5310DC1ED9DDB013C7B43518.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: 0.8 miles SE Hwy- 191 on connecting road, 32.384654 - 109.654269 1, 4231 ft., [APH _ 1619, 14 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Cave Creek, 1 mile south of Ranger Station, 31.888981 - 109.16895 4, 5067 ft., [AUMS _ 2247, 28 / 11 / 1990, 1 ♂, Barney Tomberlin, AUMNH]; on Portal Rd going towards Cave Creek Canyon, 31.91472 - 109.146262 1, 4763 ft., [APH _ 3187, 13 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; on Portal Rd, just past the state line, 31.87769 - 109.060587 1, 4195 ft., [APH _ 3186, 13 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Portal, 31.913703 - 109.14145 5, 4770 ft., [APH _ 2209, 20 / 11 / 1963, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; [APH _ 2210, 1 / 12 / 1964, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; San Simon, E of Kennedy Rd, 32.296735 - 109.18536 1, 3703 ft., [APH _ 1620, 14 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Graham: 0.25 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.605235 - 109.682418 1, 3873 ft., [APH _ 1350, 5 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 0.4 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.606204 - 109.681524 1, 3891 ft., [APH _ 1183, 25 / 7 / 2010, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; off Tanque Rd, off Hwy 191 to Safford, near Swift Trail Junction, 32.60887 - 109.678738 1, 3833 ft., [APH _ 3178 - 3180, 13 / 11 / 2013, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Tanque Rd, 32.606785 - 109.680286 1, 4158 ft., [APH _ 1599 - 1601, 9 / 11 / 2012, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH & AMNH]; [APH _ 1623, 14 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Greenlee: 0.4 miles N Hwy- 75 on Goat Camp Rd, 32.755403 - 109.110492 1, 3726 ft., [APH _ 1354, 5 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Hidalgo: 0.11 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.87232 - 109.04787 2, 4127 ft., [APH _ 1106, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AMNH]; [APH _ 1109, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.18 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.87333 - 109.04758 2, 4129 ft., [APH _ 1105, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.19 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.87347 - 109.04763 2, 4130 ft., [APH _ 1111, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.2 miles N Hwy- 533 (Portal Rd) on Stateline Rd, 31.874121 - 109.047377 1, 4107 ft., [APH _ 1596 - 1598, 8 / 11 / 2012, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1621 - 1622, 14 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 0.2 miles NW Hwy- 80 on CR-C 078, 32.1046 - 108.96062 2, 4493 ft., [APH _ 1260 - 1261, 4 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1265 - 1266, 4 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.20 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.8737 - 109.04763 2, 4130 ft., [APH _ 1108, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.21 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.8738 - 109.04768 2, 4130 ft., [APH _ 1110, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.22 miles N Portal Rd (Hwy- 533) on State Line Rd, 31.87392 - 109.04793 2, 4131 ft., [APH _ 1104, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1107, 28 / 11 / 2009, 1 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.5 miles W Hwy- 80 on road near Rusty's RV Ranch, 31.92755 - 109.0443 2, 4170 ft., [APH _ 1259, 5 / 12 / 2010, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1262 - 1263, 5 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1267, 5 / 12 / 2010, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; along CR-C 078, 32.0679 - 108.94608 2, 4296 ft., [APH _ 1264, 6 / 12 / 2010, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1268 - 1269, 6 / 12 / 2010, 2 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Animas, 31.949 - 108.8073 2, 4400 ft., [APH _ 0794, 14 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♀, Clyde Mahan, AUMNH]; off State Line Rd, off Portal Rd, 31.873052 - 109.048122 1, 4134 ft., [APH _ 3183 - 3185, 13 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; S on Hwy 80, S of Granite Gap, 32.054494 - 109.009828 1, 4038 ft., [APH _ 3181 - 3182, 13 / 11 / 2013, 2 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C3A558DD37A4F192565F7DE38FF02723.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, the Peloncillo Mountains in southwestern New Mexico, where this species was first discovered.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C3A558DD37A4F192565F7DE38FF02723.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma peloncillo (Fig. 117) is a member of the Marxi species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma peloncillo as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8), supported as a sister lineage to the clade that includes Aphonopelma catalina sp. n., Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n., and Aphonopelma madera sp. n. The significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma peloncillo from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl, PTl, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus III. Male Aphonopelma peloncillo can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / PTw (≥ 4.67; 4.67 - 5.59) than Aphonopelma catalina (≤ 4.26; 3.96 - 4.26), Aphonopelma chiricahua (≤ 4.05; 3.32 - 4.05), and Aphonopelma parvum sp. n. (≤ 4.22; 3.79 - 4.22), but smaller than Aphonopelma gabeli (≥ 5.93; 5.93 - 6.56); by possessing a smaller PTl / M 3 (≤ 0.82; 0.71 - 0.82) than Aphonopelma madera (≥ 0.94; 0.94 - 1.05); and a smaller L 3 scopulation extent (52 % - 68 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (75 % - 86 %) and Aphonopelma hentzi (69 % - 86 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma peloncillo from Aphonopelma vorhiesi. Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma peloncillo from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl, A 4, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma peloncillo can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / T 1 (≥ 1.56; 1.56 - 1.77) than Aphonopelma catalina (≤ 1.51; 1.44 - 1.51) and Aphonopelma parvum (≤ 1.55; 1.45 - 1.55); a larger M 3 / A 4 (≥ 1.11; 1.11 - 1.23) than Aphonopelma chiricahua (0.80 + / - (only 1 specimen )) and Aphonopelma madera (≤ 1.07; 0.96 - 1.07); and by possessing a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (32 % - 39 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (63 % - 81 %), Aphonopelma hentzi (42 % - 72 %), and Aphonopelma gabeli (39 % - 53 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma peloncillo from Aphonopelma vorhiesi.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
C3A558DD37A4F192565F7DE38FF02723.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: 0.03 miles N Hunt Canyon Rd on Leslie Canyon Rd, 31.64689064 - 109.4732291 2, 4927 ft., [APH _ 0718, 17 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.51 miles N Davis Ranch Rd on Leslie Canyon Rd, 31.52685642 - 109.5446671 2, 4389 ft., [APH _ 0719, 17 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.83 miles SW Price Canyon Rd on Hwy- 80, 31.62561536 - 109.2064459 2, 4656 ft., [APH _ 0724, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 19.8 miles NE of Douglas along Highway 80, 31.53231 - 109.294192 5, 4562 ft., [AUMS _ 2246, 23 / 7 / 1989, 1 ♂, F. C. Baptista, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 80, 31.46999359 - 109.3591602 2, 4346 ft., [APH _ 0723, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Hidalgo: along CR C 001, 31.608773 - 108.86636 1, 4966 ft., [APH _ 1227, 7 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along CR C 004, 31.527331 - 108.905731 1, 5262 ft., [APH _ 1226, 7 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Ashley Bailey, Andrea Reed, AUMNH]; along Geronimo Trail, 31.528707 - 108.900331 1, 5032 ft., [APH _ 1516, 8 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 338, 31.607079 - 108.867081 1, 4934 ft., [APH _ 0671 - 0673, 14 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1188 - 1191, 26 / 7 / 2010, 4 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bren don Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH & AMNH]; Clanton Draw area, 31.522379 - 108.98037 1, 5406 ft., [APH _ 0666 - 0669, 14 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0681 - 0685, 16 / 7 / 2009, 3 ♀, 1 ♂, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Coronado National Forest, Peloncillo Mtns, 31.518665 - 108.982597 1, 5435 ft., [APH _ 1181 - 1182, 26 / 7 / 2010, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH & AMNH]; Coronado National Forest, Peloncillo Mtns, Clanton Draw Area, 31.518665 - 108.982597 1, 5435 ft., [APH _ 1296 - 1297, 25 / 7 / 2011, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; CR-C 004, 0.8 miles SW Hwy- 338, 31.544499 - 108.882007 1, 5112 ft., [APH _ 0670, 14 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; NM- 9 at Little Hatchet Mtns Rd, W of Hachita, 31.926633 - 108.363083 5, 4480 ft., [APH _ 0411, 11 / 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Kari McWest, Keisha Hendricks, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
6CDB6065DC2A1A9EF38237BE7D433720.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on carapace length (a proxy for body size) and evaluation of morphospace, Aphonopelma phasmus probably belongs to the paloma species group but molecular data is needed to confirm its phylogenetic placement. Although the tip of the embolus is broken, the palpal bulb is unique (Fig. 122) compared to other species found in the region (i. e., Aphonopelma iodius, Aphonopelma marxi, and Aphonopelma prenticei). The carapace is distinctly more round than Aphonopelma prenticei; Aphonopelma phasmus possess a larger F 3 L / W ratio (3.59 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma prenticei (≤ 3.27; 2.76 - 3.27), and larger L 3 scopulation extent (81.7 % + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma prenticei (60 % - 73 %). Aphonopelma phasmus can be differentiated from Aphonopelma marxi by comparing the PTl, Cl, and metatarsus measurements; Aphonopelma phasmus possess a smaller PTl / M 1 (0.79 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma marxi (≥ 0.92: 0.92 - 1.23) and a smaller Cl / M 1 (1.21 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma marxi (≥ 1.43; 1.43 - 1.89).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
6CDB6065DC2A1A9EF38237BE7D433720.taxon	description	Description. Male originally described by Chamberlin (1940).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
46C85F03CA8BC3ED29793E7C5E1CD0C3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in recognition of arachnologist Thomas R. Prentice for his work on the genus Aphonopelma. Prentice's (1993, 1997) studies inspired our interest in the genus and greatly influenced the way we approached this revision. This project benefited tremendously from his help collecting specimens, donating his personal collection to the AUMNH, and sharing his encyclopedic knowledge of North American Aphonopelma.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
46C85F03CA8BC3ED29793E7C5E1CD0C3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma prenticei (Fig. 124) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma prenticei as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7 - 8) that is the sister lineage to Aphonopelma atomicum sp. n., Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n., Aphonopelma mojave, and Aphonopelma joshua. Aphonopelma prenticei can easily be differentiated from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma iodius and Aphonopelma chalcodes due to their smaller size and limited extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Aphonopelma prenticei can also be differentiated from other turret-building members of the paloma species group by locality. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma prenticei from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 3 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma prenticei can be distinguished by possessing a larger PTl / F 3 (≥ 0.63; 0.63 - 0.73) than Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.61; 0.55 - 0.61) and Aphonopelma xwalxwal sp. n. (≤ 0.63; 0.59 - 0.63); a larger A 1 / F 3 (≥ 0.58; 0.58 - 0.65) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 0.56; 0.53 - 0.56); a smaller F 3 L / W (≤ 3.27; 2.76 - 3.27) than Aphonopelma icenoglei (≥ 3.51; 3.51 - 3.90); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (30 % - 42 %) than Aphonopelma iodius (62 % - 88 %) and Aphonopelma chalcodes (42 % - 76 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma prenticei from Aphonopelma mojave, although Aphonopelma mojave males do not possess a swollen femur III (as seen in Aphonopelma atomicum and Aphonopelma prenticei). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma prenticei from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl, M 4, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma prenticei can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / M 4 (≥ 1.31; 1.31 - 1.52) than Aphonopelma atomicum (≤ 1.28; 1.21 - 1.28); a larger P 4 / M 4 (≥ 0.46; 0.46 - 0.58) than Aphonopelma mojave (≤ 0.45; 0.39 - 0.45) and Aphonopelma joshua (≤ 0.43; 0.37 - 0.43); a larger Cl / F 1 (≥ 1.17; 1.17 - 1.33) than Aphonopelma icenoglei (≤ 1.16; 1.07 - 1.16); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (27 % - 38 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (56 % - 81 %) and Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
46C85F03CA8BC3ED29793E7C5E1CD0C3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: La Paz: 0.4 miles NNW Alamo Rd on Low Mtn Rd, 33.92798 - 113.54573 2, 2321 ft., [APH _ 1113, 2 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.6 miles NE Alamo Rd on Low Mountain Rd, 33.91962 - 113.53957 2, 2262 ft., [APH _ 1112, 3 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 0.7 miles E Alamo Rd on 77 th St, 7 miles N Wenden, 33.928133 - 113.530933 2, 2319 ft., [APH _ 1586, 10 / 4 / 2011, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 16 miles N US- 60 on Alamo Rd (Mile Marker # 16), 34.04226 - 113.566527 1, 1948 ft., [APH _ 0495, 17 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 5.5 miles S La Posa Rd on Plomosa Rd (S of Bouse), 33.85678 - 114.02833 2, 1160 ft., [APH _ 0798 - 0799, 2 / 11 / 2009, 2 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1100, 17 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 6.9 miles N US- 60 on Alamo Rd, 33.9214 - 113.5416 2, 2280 ft., [APH _ 0797, 1 / 11 / 2009, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; 6.9 miles N US- 60 on Alamo Rd (near Base of Harcuvar Mtns N of Wenden), 33.92479 - 113.54419 1, 2285 ft., [APH _ 0338 - 0339, 9 / 5 / 2008, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; Harcuvar Mtns, 1.6 miles W Low Mtn Rd along powerline road, 33.938266 - 113.530166 1, 2462 ft., [APH _ 1563, 26 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, June Olberding, Doug Olberding, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1565 - 1567, 23 / 10 / 2012, 3 ♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Harcuvar Mtns, Low Mountain Rd, 33.91962 - 113.53957 2, 2261 ft., [APH _ 1252, 18 / 11 / 2010, 1 ♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, 33.4672 - 113.80513 2, 1686 ft., [APH _ 1659 - 1661, 23 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♀, 2 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Maricopa: 3.7 miles S US- 60 (Aguila) on Eagle Eye Rd, 33.891289 - 113.184713 1, 2323 ft., [APH _ 0496 - 0497, 17 / 5 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Mohave: 12 miles NW Chicken Springs Rd, 34.593079 - 113.813486 5, 3020 ft., [AUMS _ 2552, 18 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 21 miles NW Chicken Springs Rd on Alamo Rd, 34.80901 - 114.04903 1, 2350 ft., [APH _ 0350, 11 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 4.7 miles SE US- 93 / AZ- 66 on Hualapai Mountain Rd, 35.162771 - 113.961704 1, 4285 ft., [APH _ 0521, 24 / 5 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, AUMNH]; 5.6 miles NE Alamo Rd on Chicken Springs Rd, 34.66005 - 113.74667 1, 3860 ft., [APH _ 0348 - 0349, 11 / 5 / 2008, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 7.4 miles NE Hwy- 93 on CR- 25 in Dolan Springs, 35.60418 - 114.253563 1, 3638 ft., [APH _ 1310 - 1312, 28 / 7 / 2011, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Alamo Crossing Rd. 12 miles north of Chicken Springs Rd. jct, 34.716434 - 113.941424 5, 3001 ft., [AUMS _ 2549, 24 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Alamo Rd., 34.547893 - 113.754441 6, 2852 ft., [APH _ 3115, unknown, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2544, 25 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2545, 27 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2548, 29 / 9 / 1994, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2561, 25 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2562, 29 / 9 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2568, unknown, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2569, 25 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Alamo Rd., 0.5 miles NW of Alamo Rd., 34.614423 - 113.794758 4, 3220 ft., [AUMS _ 2555, 13 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Alamo Rd., 0.5 miles S of campsite, 34.580474 - 113.785733 6, 3083 ft., [AUMS _ 2559, 29 / 9 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Alamo Rd., off I- 40 and Yucca, 0.4 miles SE of campsite, 34.604435 - 113.751233 4, 3300 ft., [AUMS _ 2557, 13 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Alamo Road, 12 miles W of Chicken Springs jct, 34.593874 - 113.787242 5, 3120 ft., [AUMS _ 2563, 30 / 3 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; along Hualapai Mountain Rd, 35.162658 - 113.961419 1, 4315 ft., [APH _ 0775 - 0778, 7 / 10 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; campsite, Alamo rd. crossing, 34.597711 - 113.796962 5, 3100 ft., [AUMS _ 2564, 29 / 3 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Chicken Springs Rd., 34.607061 - 113.767613 6, 3250 ft., [AUMS _ 2566, 23 / 6 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Chicken Springs Rd., 1.4 miles W of Alamo rd. crossing, 34.582903 - 113.813953 4, 3060 ft., [AUMS _ 2558, 20 / 9 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Chicken Springs Rd., 1.5 miles E of jct, 34.6148 - 113.769604 5, 3300 ft., [AUMS _ 2560, 23 / 6 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Chicken Springs Rd., 1.7 miles N of Alamo Rd. jct., 34.607695 - 113.771849 4, 3250 ft., [AUMS _ 2556, 23 / 6 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Chicken Springs Rd., 2 miles N of Alamo rd. crossing, 34.609856 - 113.77401 5, 3250 ft., [AUMS _ 2553 - 2554, 20 / 9 / 1992, 2 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH & AMNH]; East Mojave, Alamo Rd, 34.605396 - 113.811652 6, 3028 ft., [AUMS _ 2550, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; just N I- 40 on Silver Springs Rd, 35.161716 - 113.564676 1, 3927 ft., [APH _ 1306 - 1308, 28 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Mt Wilson Wilderness, W of Hwy- 143, 35.8885 - 114.53848 2, 2074 ft., [APH _ 1635 - 1638, 24 / 11 / 2012, 4 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; Secret Pass Wash, along CR- 10, 35.060369 - 114.231182 1, 2238 ft., [APH _ 0518 - 0520, 24 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Rick C. West, Bernadette DeRussy, AUMNH]; Summit Springs, 0.9 miles S. of UT / AZ line, 36.99089 - 113.940466 4, 2433 ft., [AUMS _ 2350, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; SW of Kingman in Black Mtns along Rt. 66, 35.06994 - 114.21444 1, 2287 ft., [APH _ 0314, 11 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♀, Rick C. West, AUMNH]; Wikieup, S of Kingman on Chicken Springs Rd, 34.70215 - 113.622317 5, 2123 ft., [APH _ 0942, 2007, 1 ♀, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0978 - 0979, 2007, 2 juv, Josh Richards, AUMNH]; Yavapai: 12.1 miles SE AZ- 97 on US- 93, 34.29077 - 113.11067 1, 2625 ft., [APH _ 0139 - 0140, 11 / 6 / 2007, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 6.4 miles NW AZ- 97 on US- 93, 34.47677 - 113.32877 1, 3348 ft., [APH _ 0141, 11 / 6 / 2007, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Yuma: Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, 33.2939 - 113.9764 2, 1858 ft., [APH _ 1656 - 1658, 27 / 11 / 2012, 3 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Little Horn Mtns near Hovatter Ranch, 33.352408 - 113.691248 6, 1624 ft., [APH _ 2500, 8 / 5 / 1980, 1 ♀, V. Roth, AMNH]; California: Inyo: Death Valley National Park, 0.45 miles NE Hwy- 178 on Skidoo Rd, 36.387424 - 117.144511 1, 4924 ft., [APH _ 0487 - 0490, 14 / 5 / 2009, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; Death Valley National Park, Harrisburg Flats jct with Skidoo Rd, Panamint Mtns, 36.354921 - 117.130963 5, 5000 ft., [AUMS _ 2678, 18 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, R. Hardy, AUMNH]; Panamint Mtns, Butte Valley Rd, 35.98438 - 117.01727 2, 3959 ft., [APH _ 1640, 18 / 11 / 2012, 1 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: 0.25 miles W NV State Line on Nipton Rd, 35.475186 - 115.229851 1, 3557 ft., [APH _ 0752, 3 / 10 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; 0.35 miles W Morning Star Mine Rd on Morning Star Mine Cutoff (dirt road), 35.36247 - 115.42249 1, 3200 ft., [APH _ 0356, 11 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 0.4 miles S of Kelso Dunes Rd on Kelbaker Rd, 34.89574 - 115.65016 1, 2825 ft., [APH _ 0319 - 0321, 6 / 5 / 2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 100 yards S Havasu Lake Road, 2 miles SE of jct with Hwy 95, 34.529018 - 114.627926 1, 1640 ft., [APH _ 3204, 16 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; 2.5 miles north of Essex Rd. junction on Black Canyon Rd., 34.937357 - 115.424716 4, 3202 ft., [APH _ 2438, 11 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 2.9 miles west on Powerline Rd. from Cima Rd. junction, 35.233597 - 115.558759 4, 4636 ft., [APH _ 2452, 11 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; 7.6 - 7.9 miles N of Kelso, 35.116271 - 115.652408 4, 2984 ft., [AUMS _ 2528, 22 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2538, 22 / 10 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2542 - 2543, 22 / 10 / 1994, 2 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2546 - 2547, 22 / 10 / 1994, 2 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Black Canyon Road- 2.8 miles north of Essex Road Junction, 34.917059 - 115.42027 4, 3005 ft., [APH _ 2442, 25 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Cima - 2 miles north of Cedar Canyon Rd., 35.18127 - 115.348115 5, 5125 ft., [APH _ 2441, 31 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Cima-Kelso Rd., 10 miles north of Kelso, 35.121413 - 115.540532 5, 3232 ft., [APH _ 2447, 1 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; East of Nipton - Nevada border, 35.468365 - 115.219492 5, 3665 ft., [APH _ 2426, 1 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Halloran Summit Road, 0.3 miles N I- 15, 35.407038 - 115.795374 1, 4079 ft., [APH _ 0516, 21 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Halloran Summit, I- 15, 35.387482 - 115.792505 5, 4170 ft., [APH _ 2430, 24 / 9 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Highway 164 - 1.2 miles north of Nipton, 35.46981 - 115.260352 4, 2999 ft., [APH _ 2444, 1 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; just S of Havasu Lake Rd, 1 mile SE of jct with Hwy 95, 34.543104 - 114.638538 1, 1680 ft., [APH _ 3203, 16 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Kelbaker Rd. 9.4 miles south of Kelso, 34.874762 - 115.64445 4, 3123 ft., [APH _ 2449, 31 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Kingston Range, Excelsior Mine Rd, 35.71268 - 115.79702 2, 3601 ft., [APH _ 1641, 26 / 11 / 2012, 1 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; Mojave National Preserve, 35.173875 - 115.609553 1, 4130 ft., [APH _ 0415, 25 / 10 / 2008, 1 ♂, Anette Pillau, AMNH]; Mojave National Preserve, Kelbaker Rd, 35.1728 - 115.7756 2, 3231 ft., [APH _ 1564, 21 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♂, June Olberding, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; Morning Star Mine Rd., 3.1 miles south of Ivanpah Rd., 35.375084 - 115.405867 4, 3018 ft., [APH _ 2423, 1 / 11 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Powerline Rd. west of Cima, 35.235418 - 115.551832 5, 4606 ft., [APH _ 2448, 11 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Powerline Road- 4.6 miles west of Cima, CA, 35.225338 - 115.574018 4, 4570 ft., [APH _ 2443, 10 / 10 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Nevada: Clark: 0.3 miles N Hwy- 161 along dirt road, between Jean and Goodsprings, 35.81268 - 115.38099 1, 3370 ft., [APH _ 0357, 12 / 5 / 2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 0.5 to 3 miles west of Searchlight, Highway 164, 35.474673 - 114.953305 4, 3530 ft., [APH _ 2425, 23 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2437, 23 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; 0.75 miles S Blue Diamond Rd near Bonnie Springs, 36.020622 - 115.356856 4, 3300 ft., [APH _ 0304, 20 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♂, Deric Murcer, AUMNH]; 1.5 miles W Searchlight (US- 95) on NV- 164, 35.472017 - 114.944686 1, 3480 ft., [APH _ 0511 - 0514, 21 / 5 / 2009, 4 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; 2.1 miles W Searchlight (US- 95) on Hwy- 164 (Nipton Rd), 35.4753 - 114.95528 1, 3500 ft., [APH _ 0354 - 0355, 11 / 5 / 2008, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 2.9 miles SW Hwy- 95 on Cold Creek Rd, 36.500528 - 115.592032 1, 3790 ft., [APH _ 1216 - 1218, 1 / 8 / 2010, 3 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 3.1 miles E Hwy- 160 on Trout Canyon Rd, 36.12435 - 115.796265 1, 3646 ft., [APH _ 1211 - 1212, 1 / 8 / 2010, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 4.6 miles W US- 95 (Searchlight) on Hwy- 164, 35.488073 - 114.996602 1, 3690 ft., [APH _ 1219, 2 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; 5.7 miles E US- 95 on Hwy- 163, 35.1708 - 114.75875 1, 2850 ft., [APH _ 0351 - 0353, 11 / 5 / 2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 8.2 miles W of SL (Searchlight), 4.1 miles N of Hwy 164, 35.562049 - 115.084771 4, 4436 ft., [AUMS _ 3270, 7 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice and W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; 8.2 miles west of Searchlight, on Hwy 164 - road to Highland Spring and Highland Range, 35.510402 - 115.055526 4, 4157 ft., [APH _ 2422, 7 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Desert National Wildlife Refuge, near Mormon Well Rd, 36.47675 - 115.22656 2, 4963 ft., [APH _ 1579 - 1581, 4 / 11 / 2012, 2 ♀, 1 juv, Matt Graham, AUMNH]; Searchlight - 8.2 miles west of Searchlight Highway 164, 0.2 miles north of 164, 35.509718 - 115.056348 4, 4163 ft., [APH _ 2434, 12 / 10 / 1990, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Searchlight - 8.2 miles west of Searchlight Highway 164, 2.1 miles north toward Highland Range, 35.548501 - 115.049262 4, 4551 ft., [APH _ 2432, 12 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Searchlight - 8.2 miles west off highway 164, 35.507713 - 115.057128 4, 4163 ft., [APH _ 2424, 12 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; [APH _ 2436, 12 / 10 / 1991, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Searchlight, 8.2 miles west of Searchlight, 1.1 mile north of highway 164, 35.523072 - 115.055713 4, 4196 ft., [APH _ 2428, 7 / 10 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Searchlight, 35.465268 - 114.9197 5, 3551 ft., [AUMS _ 2536, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Esmeralda: 7.7 miles NW Nye County line on US- 95, 37.551762 - 117.197071 1, 4960 ft., [APH _ 0482 - 0483, 13 / 5 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; Highway 95, 8 miles south of Goldfield Summit, 37.565959 - 117.200255 5, 5075 ft., [APH _ 2431, 28 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; Lincoln: 0.6 miles N Clark County Line on Carp Rd, 36.852419 - 114.374019 1, 3072 ft., [APH _ 1318, 29 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; 8.3 miles S Alamo Canyon Rd on Hwy- 93, 37.224912 - 115.082582 1, 3160 ft., [APH _ 0783 - 0786, 9 / 10 / 2009, 1 ♂, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; along Carp Rd, just south of jct. with Snow Valley Rd, 37.138416 - 114.379434 1, 3361 ft., [APH _ 1316 - 1317, 29 / 7 / 2011, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; along Snow Valley Rd, 37.180151 - 114.117812 1, 3562 ft., [APH _ 1315, 29 / 7 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; Nye: 0.8 miles S Hwy- 95 along Rd- 552, 36.582173 - 115.944696 1, 3735 ft., [APH _ 1545 - 1546, 23 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 22 miles SW jct. Hwy- 267 on US- 95, 37.073519 - 116.783474 1, 3994 ft., [APH _ 0478 - 0480, 13 / 5 / 2009, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, Jason Bond, AUMNH]; 6.6 miles SE Esmeralda County Line along Hwy- 95, 37.351878 - 117.119118 1, 4336 ft., [APH _ 1554, 24 / 10 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along dirt road just E of Hwy- 160, 36.409822 - 116.066403 1, 3237 ft., [APH _ 1213 - 1214, 1 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Highway 95, 10 miles south of Scotty's Junction, 37.186208 - 116.93858 5, 4039 ft., [APH _ 2429, 28 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2433, 28 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; Highway 95, 5.5 miles south Lida Junction (Highway 266 turnoff), 37.424395 - 117.158462 4, 4629 ft., [APH _ 2453, 28 / 10 / 1978, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; just NE Death Valley National Park boundary along Hwy- 374, 36.832413 - 116.8774 1, 3531 ft., [APH _ 1552, 24 / 10 / 2012, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Searchlight, 0.5 to 3 miles west on highway 164, 35.474673 - 114.953305 4, 3530 ft., [APH _ 2421, 23 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2435, 23 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; Utah: Washington: 3.5 miles north of Utah-Arizona state line - road to Beaver Dam and Summit Springs, 37.04535 - 113.593792 4, 2526 ft., [APH _ 2420, 20 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mtns, 2.1 miles W Old Hwy- 91 on Lytle Ranch Rd, 37.070155 - 113.924059 1, 3570 ft., [APH _ 0780 - 0781, 8 / 10 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Thomas Martin, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mtns, Summit Springs, 37.089996 - 113.872526 5, 4380 ft., [AUMS _ 2539, 27 / 8 / 1992, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Mtns, Summit Springs campsite, 37.152929 - 113.886935 5, 6332 ft., [APH _ 2446, 12 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mtns, Summit Springs campsite- 1.5 miles west of highway, 37.152929 - 113.886935 4, 6332 ft., [APH _ 2445, 12 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Beaver Dam Mtns, Summit Springs,. 25 miles below Summit Springs tank, 37.07197 - 113.874595 4, 3960 ft., [AUMS _ 3279, 12 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Beaver Dam Slope, 37.119205 - 113.847796 6, 5335 ft., [APH _ 2740, 23 / 11 / 1939, 2 ♂, A. M. Woodbury, AMNH]; Road to Summit Spring - campsite of Summit Spring, Beaver Dam Mtns, 37.115133 - 113.864841 5, 5299 ft., [APH _ 2440, 6 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Road to Summit Springs - Beaver Dam Mtns, 3 miles north of Utah-Arizona line, 37.044575 - 113.835773 5, 5013 ft., [APH _ 2450, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Road to Summit Springs, 2.7 miles north of UT / AZ line, 37.042419 - 113.830789 4, 5276 ft., [APH _ 2451, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; Summit Springs off old Hwy 91, 1.86 miles W of Hwy, 37.045214 - 113.918874 5, 3181 ft., [AUMS _ 2529, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; vicinity of St. George, 37.095278 - 113.578059 6, 2654 ft., [APH _ 2741, 19 / 10 / 1939, 1 ♂, Harold Higgins, AMNH]; Welcome Spring Rd. - 2.35 miles west of Welcome Spring Rd. turnoff, 37.071925 - 113.961751 4, 3284 ft., [APH _ 2427, 19 / 10 / 1993, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AMNH]; western portion of Beaver Dam Mtns, 37.120212 - 113.954005 1, 3803 ft., [APH _ 1313 - 1314, 29 / 7 / 2011, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
4C5BD25448AF5BB05C4161E18708A71F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, Saguaro National Park, where this new species can be found in and around the foothills of the Santa Catalina and Rincon Mountains.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
4C5BD25448AF5BB05C4161E18708A71F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma saguaro (Fig. 129) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma saguaro as a strongly supported, phylogenetically-distinct lineage (Fig. 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma mareki sp. n., Aphonopelma parvum sp. n., and Aphonopelma superstitionense sp. n. Aphonopelma saguaro can easily be differentiated from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma chalcodes, Aphonopelma catalina, and Aphonopelma vorhiesi by their smaller size, and can be differentiated from other members of the paloma species group by locality. Importantly, Aphonopelma saguaro males either possess a swollen or slightly swollen femur III, which is different from the normal femur found in Aphonopelma parvum. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma saguaro from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are F 1, Cl, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma saguaro can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / M 3 (≥ 1.17; 1.17 - 1.25) than Aphonopelma superstitionense (≤ 1.12; 1.05 - 1.12); a smaller F 1 / T 3 (≤ 1.51; 1.42 - 1.51) than Aphonopelma catalina (≥ 1.69; 1.69 - 1.97) and Aphonopelma paloma (≥ 1.54; 1.54 - 1.69); a smaller Cl / PTw (≤ 4.27; 3.13 - 4.27) than Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 4.61; 4.61 - 5.58); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (14 % - 26 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (42 % - 76 %) and Aphonopelma parvum (36 % - 44 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma saguaro and Aphonopelma mareki. The most significant measurement that distinguishes female Aphonopelma saguaro from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is T 1. Female Aphonopelma saguaro can be distinguished by possessing a larger T 1 / M 4 (1.02 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than superstitionense (0.84 + / - (only 1 specimen )); a smaller F 1 / T 1 (1.13 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma catalina (≥ 1.21; 1.21 - 1.22), Aphonopelma chalcodes (≥ 1.25; 1.25 - 1.42), Aphonopelma marxi (≥ 1.19; 1.19 - 1.27), Aphonopelma parvum (≥ 1.18; 1.18 - 1.30), Aphonopelma superstitionense (1.30 + / - (only 1 specimen )), and Aphonopelma vorhiesi (≥ 1.24; 1.24 - 1.32). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma saguaro and Aphonopelma paloma.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
4C5BD25448AF5BB05C4161E18708A71F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Pima: Sabino Canyon, Tucson, 32.316614 - 110.81745 5, 2818 ft., [APH _ 2540, date unknown, 1 ♂, O. Bryant, AMNH]; 32.3132 - 110.811875 2, 2718 ft., [APH _ 3219, 22 / 11 / 2014, 1 ♂, Philip MacDuff, AUMNH]; 32.322533 - 110.809561 2, 2774 ft., [APH _ 3220, 23 / 11 / 2014, 1 ♂, Philip MacDuff, AUMNH]; Bear Canyon, Tucson, 32.315814 - 110.79015 2, 2857 ft., [APH _ 3221, 3 / 12 / 2014, 1 ♂, Philip MacDuff, AUMNH]; 32.31655 - 110.788878 2, 2871 ft., [APH _ 3222, 3 / 12 / 2014, 1 ♂, Philip MacDuff, AUMNH]; 32.314594 - 110.794006 2, 2814 ft., [APH _ 3223, 3 / 12 / 2014, 1 ♂, Philip MacDuff, AUMNH]; Saguaro National Park, off Cactus Forest Loop Dr, before Mica View picnic area, 32.198568 - 110.735614 1, 2944 ft., [APH _ 3176, 12 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
9BF2AB424C316C644A2656CE8987C3C1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma steindachneri (Fig. 133) is the only member of the Steindachneri species group in the Unite States and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma steindachneri as a strongly supported phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage, supported as the sister lineage to all other species of Aphonopelma in the United States (Fig. 8). Aphonopelma steindachneri males and females are easily differentiated from all other species in California by the combination of their reduced scopulation on metatarsi three and four, their black color, and size. The most significant measurement that distinguishes male and female Aphonopelma steindachneri from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is the extent scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma steindachneri possess a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (21 % - 31 %) than Aphonopelma eutylenum (62 % - 74 %), Aphonopelma iodius (62 % - 88 %), and Aphonopelma johnnycashi sp. n. (70 % - 76 %). Female Aphonopelma steindachneri possess a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (24 % - 34 %) than Aphonopelma eutylenum (62 % - 75 %), Aphonopelma iodius (59 % - 83 %), and Aphonopelma johnnycashi (67 % - 82 %).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
9BF2AB424C316C644A2656CE8987C3C1.taxon	description	Description. Originally described by Ausserer (1875).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
9BF2AB424C316C644A2656CE8987C3C1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Kern: above Frazier Park Ranger Station, 34.800403 - 118.996582 5, 5700 ft., [AUMS _ 3298, 18 / 7 / 1987, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Caliente Creek, 20 miles N Hwy 58 + 2.5 mils N of Twin Oaks country store, Piute Mtns, 35.345195 - 118.386352 5, 3348 ft., [AUMS _ 2603, 11 / 6 / 1989, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Erskine Creek (Canyon), Erskine Creek road, 35.593637 - 118.445971 5, 2933 ft., [AUMS _ 3322, 10 / 1970, 1 ♀, J. Anderson, AUMNH]; N of Tehachapi, off Tehachapi Loop (Woodford-Tehachapi Rd), 35.20873 - 118.55061 1, 2821 ft., [APH _ 3100, 17 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; near Lake Isabella, off Kern River Canyon Rd, near Bod fish and Lake Isabella Blvd intersection, 35.5912 - 118.51563 1, 2662 ft., [APH _ 3096 - 3098, 14 / 7 / 2012, 3 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Jim Starrett, Amy Skibiel AUMNH]; S of Tehachapi, off Sand Canyon Rd - off Hwy 58, 35.16025 - 118.32507 1, 4144 ft., [APH _ 3099, 17 / 7 / 2012, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; Los Angeles: 27832 Stonehill Way, Canyon Country, 34.42464 - 118.45257 2, 1525 ft., [APH _ 0362, 6 / 7 / 2008, 1 ♂, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0413, 23 / 8 / 2008, 1 ♀, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; Azusa, 3 miles west in Fish Canyon, 34.135573 - 117.940972 5, 581 ft., [APH _ 2694, 23 / 9 / 1956, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; Benedict Canyon, Santa Monica Mtns, 34.092508 - 118.42897 5, 548 ft., [APH _ 2722, 1967, 3 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Canyon Country, Fitch Ave, 34.44963 - 118.43426 2, 1820 ft., [APH _ 1632, unknown, 1 ♀, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; Chatsworth, 34.250636 - 118.61481 5, 1007 ft., [APH _ 2342, 24 / 7 / 1962, 1 ♂, Chamberlin, AMNH]; [APH _ 2350, 14 / 8 / 1966, 1 ♀, Chamberlin, AMNH]; [APH _ 2353, 25 / 9 / 1966, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; corner of Avenue 50 and Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, 34.104913 - 118.202204 4, 502 ft., [APH _ 2673, 10 / 10 / 1962, 1 ♂, C. Feldmeth, AMNH]; E of Valyermo (Angeles National Forest), junction of Big Pines Hwy and Big Rock Creek Rd, 34.43123 - 117.83439 1, 4074 ft., [APH _ 1044, 30 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Placerita Canyon, 34.373899 - 118.450673 5, 2188 ft., [APH _ 2670, 23 / 9 / 1965, 1 ♂, J. Kelley, AMNH]; San Fernando Valley, 34.182785 - 118.43996 6, 702 ft., [APH _ 2715, 8 / 1959, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; Sierra Madre, 34.161673 - 118.052846 7, 955 ft., [APH _ 2465, unknown, 1 ♂, Chas Camp, AMNH]; Orange: Laguna Beach, 0.5 miles from Hwy- 133 and CA- 1, 33.54846 - 117.78093 4, 84 ft., [APH _ 0043, 31 / 8 / 2003, 1 juv, Felix Martin, AUMNH]; Limestone Canyon, Limestone Canyon Reserve, 33.764025 - 117.710106 5, 806 ft., [AUMS _ 2296, 22 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; N of Laguna Beach, off Hwy 133, Laguna Coast Wilderness Park, James Dilley Greenbelt Preserve, off Mariposa Trail, 33.59678 - 117.75917 1, 350 ft., [APH _ 3104 - 3105, 20 / 7 / 2012, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Amy Skibiel, AUMNH]; San Juan ranger station, up trail toward Chiquito Spring, 33.647262 - 117.433319 6, 2537 ft., [AUMS _ 2595, 25 / 6 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Santiago Canyon Road at Limestone SPVR gate, 33.752467 - 117.691955 6, 971 ft., [AUMS _ 2630, 22 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Riverside: 1 mile W of Winchester, Icenogle residence, 33.707049 - 117.101768 4, 1461 ft., [AUMS _ 2304, 17 / 7 / 1989, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; 2163 Mt. Vernon Ave, Riverside, 33.990875 - 117.316626 2, 1372 ft., [AUMS _ 2589, 7 / 1991, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; 3231 October Ct, Corona, 33.875017 - 117.505452 2, 790 ft., [APH _ 1369, 7 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♂, Alan Bond, AUMNH]; Box Spring Mtns- backside toward 215 Freeway, 33.956553 - 117.285374 6, 1923 ft., [AUMS _ 2311, 19 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Box Spring Mtns, North Side, 34.005987 - 117.302515 6, 1773 ft., [AUMS _ 2584, 6 / 8 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Myrtle Rd. and California, Calimesa, 33.9973 - 117.03894 5, 2535 ft., [AUMS _ 2648, 8 / 2002, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Calvert St, Winchester, Green Acres community, W of Hemet, 1 / 2 mile NE of Hwy 79 and 74 junction, 33.7425 - 117.067883 4, 1619 ft., [APH _ 1047, 15 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; floor of Icenogle shop (at his home), 33.713802 - 117.091508 4, 1545 ft., [AUMS _ 2592, 7 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Gavilon Hills-Amalfi Ave and Loonsberry, 33.82904 - 117.379834 5, 1559 ft., [AUMS _ 2307, 25 / 8 / 1998, 1 ♀, M. Blva, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner-below U 5 toward lake, 33.603475 - 117.056291 5, 2040 ft., [AUMS _ 2312, 28 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, 0.3 miles S of loop road to B 7, 33.620919 - 117.014227 4, 2068 ft., [AUMS _ 2313, 17 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, 0.3 miles W of road to Ultz, 33.571286 - 117.067755 5, 1500 ft., [AUMS _ 2305, 17 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, 0.4 miles south of Loop Road, 33.569122 - 117.060326 4, 1475 ft., [AUMS _ 2253, 18 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, just W of B 9, No Shore Crossing Road, 33.580192 - 117.036497 5, 1516 ft., [AUMS _ 2306, 4 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, Rawson Canyon, 0.4 miles S of Loop Rd, 33.596439 - 117.022658 4, 1550 ft., [AUMS _ 3302, 4 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2303, 4 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, Rawson Canyon, 0.45 miles S of loop rd., N side of Black Mtn., 33.631487 - 117.004912 4, 2136 ft., [AUMS _ 3314, 21 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lake Skinner, Rawson Rd., on way out to Hwy 79, 33.628617 - 117.062839 5, 1597 ft., [AUMS _ 2596, 28 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Lamb Canyon off Hwy 79, ~ 1 mile N junction Gilman Springs Road, 33.859831 - 117.006355 5, 2188 ft., [AUMS _ 2318, 21 / 3 / 1989, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Mockingbird Canyon (Mockingbird reservoir), 33.891344 - 117.412145 5, 981 ft., [AUMS _ 2664, unknown, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Morena Valley, 33.943057 - 117.229709 6, 1627 ft., [AUMS _ 2295, 4 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♂, Rob Vellu, AUMNH]; Mt. Vernon Ave, 33.991438 - 117.316665 5, 1387 ft., [AUMS _ 2591, 20 / 8 / 1991, 1 ♂, Lisa Fry, AUMNH]; Mt. Vernon area of Riverside, 34.004119 - 117.313596 5, 1139 ft., [AUMS _ 2308, 6 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, Michael Adams, AUMNH]; S of Hemet, NE of Lake Skinner, off De Portola Rd and Crown Valley Rd, 33.64249 - 116.99219 1, 2329 ft., [APH _ 1039, 27 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Tom Prentice, AUMNH]; San Jacinto Mtns,. 5 miles W of Pinyon Pines Fire Station,. 5 miles S Hwy 74 (Ribbonwood CP GR), 33.569305 - 116.493135 4, 4469 ft., [AUMS _ 2621, 9 / 7 / 2003, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; W side Box Spring Mtns, Mt. Vernon Ave- 2163 M. Adams, 33.991205 - 117.316559 5, 1380 ft., [AUMS _ 2316, 28 / 7 / 1992, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Winchester, 33.706966 - 117.084473 5, 1486 ft., [APH _ 2325, 9 / 8 / 1968, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH]; [APH _ 2351, 4 / 8 / 1968, 1 ♂, Chamberlin, AMNH]; [AUMS _ 2586, 7 / 1991, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Winchester, Double Butte area, 33.713817 - 117.0916 4, 1558 ft., [APH _ 1048, 16 / 6 / 2009, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Winchester, Grand Ave.,. 5 miles E of jct of Leon Rd, 33.71436 - 117.111327 4, 1508 ft., [AUMS _ 2597, 9 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Winchester, Icenogle home, 33.706838 - 117.084548 4, 1475 ft., [AUMS _ 2299, 5 / 5 / 1992, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2309, 26 / 7 / 1997, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2310, 3 / 7 / 1985, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2598, 17 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2601, 1 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2645, 22 / 7 / 1996, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; San Bernardino: San Bernardino (San Bernardino National Forest), in hills N of city, off Quail Canyon Rd and Del Rosa, 34.17506 - 117.24981 1, 2402 ft., [APH _ 1046, 1 / 6 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Diego: 4670 Vista St., San Diego, 32.762575 - 117.103569 4, 367 ft., [APH _ 2354, 23 / 6 / 1931, 1 ♀, Major Duncan, AMNH]; 7808 Vista Lazanja, San Diego, 32.978869 - 117.161645 2, 327 ft., [APH _ 0441, 18 / 11 / 2008, 1 juv, Sandy Lamb, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, 33.313998 - 117.314552 6, 359 ft., [AUMS _ 2298, 1999, 1 ♀, Dan, AUMNH]; Camp Pendleton, Santa Margarita Rd., 33.32354 - 117.325895 5, 107 ft., [AUMS _ 2599, 17 / 8 / 1999, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Daley Ranch, Escondido, 33.20605 - 117.070667 1, 1550 ft., [APH _ 0987, 9 / 2009, 1 ♀, Kyle Dickerson, AUMNH]; E of Alta Rd on Otay Mountain Truck Rd, 32.575022 - 116.893226 4, 1524 ft., [APH _ 0178, 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Dorian LaPaglia, AUMNH]; El Cajon, 32.794773 - 116.962527 5, 436 ft., [APH _ 2332, 18 / 7 / 1930, 1 ♂, E. Pearson, AMNH]; El Monte County Park, NE of Flinn Springs, off El Monte Park Rd, 32.88992 - 116.84796 1, 540 ft., [APH _ 1030, 19 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Elliot Reserve, Elliot Chaparral Reserve, 32.891876 - 117.095075 5, 651 ft., [AUMS _ 2297, 8 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; En canto, 32.711739 - 117.061755 5, 318 ft., [APH _ 2326, unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; Escondido, at jct I- 15 and Deer Springs Rd, 33.19611 - 117.12774 5, 1006 ft., [APH _ 0047, 2 / 2 / 2002, 1 ♀, Garth Hansen, AUMNH]; Jamul, off Jamul Dr, 32.72953 - 116.87247 1, 882 ft., [APH _ 0991 - 0992, 4 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Jamul, off Millar Ranch Rd, next to San Diego National Wildlife Refuge, 32.72892 - 116.93993 1, 374 ft., [APH _ 0993, 4 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; La Jolla, 32.84722 - 117.27333 5, 105 ft., [APH _ 2340, 8 / 11 / 1930, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2689, 26 / 8 / 1945, 1 ♂, Gardell Marshall, AMNH]; Lake Morena County Park, off Buckman Springs Rd, 32.684 - 116.52038 1, 3091 ft., [APH _ 0994 - 0995, 5 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; MNAS - 6 C 8, 33.093381 - 116.608165 7, 3414 ft., [AUMS _ 2492, 12 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; MNAS - 6 C 8, W exposure hill slope, 33.093381 - 116.608165 7, 3414 ft., [AUMS _ 2593, 6 / 6 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; N of I- 8 and E of Alpine, on Viejas Grade Rd, 32.86061 - 116.6763 1, 2966 ft., [APH _ 1072, 12 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Peter Scott, AUMNH]; near Lake Henshaw, on Co. Hwy 57, E of Palomar Mtn and W of Lake Henshaw, 33.26411 - 116.76653 1, 3347 ft., [APH _ 1074, 14 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Peter Scott, AUMNH]; near Palomar Mountain, on Co. Hwy 57, 33.29249 - 116.82854 1, 4559 ft., [APH _ 1073, 14 / 8 / 2010, 1 ♂, Peter Scott, AUMNH]; off Kitchen Creek Rd, N of I- 8 (N of Pacific Crest Natl. Scenic Trail), 32.75287 - 116.45063 1, 3896 ft., [APH _ 1026 - 1027, 18 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Otay, 32.559473 - 116.973468 6, 486 ft., [APH _ 2333, 5 / 7 / 1930, 1 ♀, J. L. Keltner, AMNH]; Otay Mesa, San Ysidro, 32.559473 - 116.973468 5, 488 ft., [AUMS _ 4192, 30 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Pine Valley, 32.82144 - 116.529184 5, 3763 ft., [APH _ 2347, 25 / 7 / 1927, 1 ♂, Kelsey, AMNH]; Point Loma, 32.70003 - 117.246684 5, 318 ft., [APH _ 2323, 1 / 8 / 1928, 1 ♀, Fred L. Keltuer, AMNH]; [APH _ 2338, 13 / 4 / 1936, 1 ♀, N. L. Johnson, AMNH]; Poway, 32.94456 - 117.04873 1, 745 ft., [APH _ 1011 - 1012, 12 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Ramona, Eben-Haezer Nevarez chicken farm, 33.00327 - 116.87647 1, 1574 ft., [APH _ 1013, 13 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; San Diego, 32.715329 - 117.157255 6, 59 ft., [APH _ 2324, 1932, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2327, 17 / 10 / 1934, 2 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2330, 1935, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2331, 16 / 8 / 1926, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2334, 16 / 6 / 1932, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2335, 2 / 1 / 1925, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2336, 20 / 8 / 1927, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2337, 1 / 6 / 1927, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2339, unknown, 2 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2344, 7 / 8 / 1932, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2345, unknown, 4 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2346, 27 / 9 / 1920, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; [APH _ 2348, unknown, 1 ♂, E. Denton, AMNH]; [APH _ 2349, 21 / 5 / 1932, 1 ♀, unknown, AMNH]; San Diego Wild Animal Park, 33.09325 - 116.98494 1, 642 ft., [APH _ 0396 - 0397, 31 / 7 / 2008, 2 ♂, Zach Valois, AUMNH]; 54 th and Montezuma, San Diego, 32.771159 - 117.079432 5, 400 ft., [APH _ 2343, 23 / 8 / 1960, 1 ♂, D. Irwin, AMNH]; San Diego, Mission Trails Regional Park, 32.84078 - 117.04901 1, 585 ft., [APH _ 1032, 20 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; San Luis Rey picnic area off 76, across San Luis Rey river on E hill slope, 33.249722 - 116.7892 5, 2578 ft., [AUMS _ 2300, unknown, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Ysidro area, just W of Cactus Rd., N of Calle la Linea, Wruck Canyon, SW slope, 32.550384 - 116.99306 5, 387 ft., [AUMS _ 2600, 14 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Ysidro area, Wruck Canyon, W of Cactus Rd, 32.550352 - 116.998292 5, 359 ft., [AUMS _ 2293, 16 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2302, 16 / 9 / 1997, 1 ♀, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Ysidro, Otay Mesa, 0.5 miles E of school, 32.559473 - 116.973468 5, 488 ft., [AUMS _ 2646, 30 / 7 / 1994, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Santee, in hills N of where Carlton Hills Blvd ends, 32.86146 - 116.99485 4, 780 ft., [APH _ 0145, 9 / 7 / 2007, 1 juv, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0146, 5 / 2007, 1 ♀, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0147, 7 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0148, 9 / 7 / 2007, 1 ♂, Gilbert Quintana, AUMNH]; South Coronado Island, 32.685885 - 117.183089 5, 7 ft., [APH _ 2328, 19 / 8 / 1928, 1 ♂, C. Searl, AMNH]; SW of San Marcos (Lake San Marcos area), off Rancho Santa Fe Rd and Melrose Dr, 33.1095 - 117.22002 1, 538 ft., [APH _ 1033, 21 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; Sweetwater, 32.633742 - 117.079092 5, 81 ft., [AUMS _ 2301, 8 / unknown, 1 ♀, unknown, AUMNH]; Sweetwater Reserve / Sweetwater Regional Park, 32.672235 - 117.021893 5, 96 ft., [AUMS _ 2294, 9 / 97, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2602, 13 / 8 / 1997, 1 ♂, unknown, AUMNH]; Torrey Pines State Preserve, 32.91788 - 117.25008 1, 352 ft., [APH _ 1034, 21 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, AUMNH]; W of Alta Rd, S of Donovan State Prison Rd, 32.5755 - 116.920052 4, 625 ft., [APH _ 0179, 31 / 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Dorian LaPaglia, AUMNH]; Wilderness Gardens Preserve, E of Pala, off Hwy 76 E of I- 15, 33.35043 - 117.0287 1, 557 ft., [APH _ 1036, 24 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Wruck Canyon, San Ysidro, 32.550352 - 116.998292 5, 359 ft., [AUMS _ 3347, 10 / 8 / 1998, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Wruck Canyon, San Ysidro, off Cactus Rd, 32.55002 - 116.99192 1, 398 ft., [APH _ 1022 - 1024, 16 / 5 / 2010, 2 ♀, 1 ♂, Chris A. Hamilton, Xavier Atkinson, Jordan Satler, AUMNH]; Ventura: 1958 Smokey Ridge Ave, Westlake Village, 34.19675 - 118.78803 2, 1349 ft., [APH _ 0012, 14 / 7 / 2005, 1 ♂, Roy Dunn, AUMNH]; Los Padres National Forest, Dry Creek, 8 miles off I- 5 thru Hungry Valley, 34.726379 - 118.933743 5, 4629 ft., [AUMS _ 3295, 1 / 8 / 1987, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; Los Padres National Forest, off Gold Hill Rd, W of Hungry Valley State Vehicle Recreation Area, 34.72644 - 118.92672 1, 4766 ft., [APH _ 1043, 29 / 5 / 2010, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; Thousand Oaks, 34.21538 - 118.80325 1, 1402 ft., [APH _ 0317, 7 / 10 / 2007, 1 ♀, Anette Pillau, AUMNH]; 1640 Calle Yucca, Thousand Oaks, 34.20203 - 118.90031 2, 751 ft., [APH _ 0011, 25 / 7 / 2005, 1 ♂, Tracy Kolnick, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
8011690163921CC60B77BD10B06CCB27.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a neuter adjective taken from type locality, the Superstition Mountains, where this species was first discovered.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
8011690163921CC60B77BD10B06CCB27.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma superstitionense (Fig. 138) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma superstitionense as a strongly supported, phylogenetically-distinct lineage (Fig. 8) that is a sister lineage to Aphonopelma mareki sp. n., Aphonopelma parvum sp. n., and Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n. Aphonopelma superstitionense can easily be differentiated from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma chalcodes by its much smaller size, and can be differentiated from other members of the paloma species group by locality. Importantly, Aphonopelma superstitionense males possess a slightly swollen femur III, which is different from the normal condition of the femur in Aphonopelma parvum). The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma superstitionense from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Male Aphonopelma superstitionense can be distinguished by possessing a smaller Cl / M 3 (≤ 1.12; 1.05 - 1.12) than Aphonopelma mareki (≥ 1.18; 1.18 - 1.50), Aphonopelma paloma (≥ 1.17; 1.17 - 1.32), Aphonopelma parvum (≥ 1.20; 1.20 - 1.39), and Aphonopelma saguaro (≥ 1.17; 1.17 - 1.25); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (14 % - 20 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (42 % - 76 %) and Aphonopelma parvum (36 % - 44 %). The most significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma superstitionense from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are T 1 and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma superstitionense can be distinguished by possessing a smaller T 1 / M 4 (0.84 + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma paloma (≥ 0.93; 0.93 - 1.10), Aphonopelma parvum (≥ 0.91; 0.91 - 1.00), and Aphonopelma saguaro (1.02 + / - (only 1 specimen )); and a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (26 % + / - (only 1 specimen )) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (56 % - 81 %) and Aphonopelma parvum (33 % - 42 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma superstitionense and Aphonopelma mareki.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
8011690163921CC60B77BD10B06CCB27.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Maricopa: 0.25 miles S Crimson Rd on Usery Pass Rd, 33.479188 - 111.625608 1, 2009 ft., [APH _ 0504, 19 / 5 / 2009, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Bernadette DeRussy, Sloan Click, AUMNH]; Apache Trail, 33.540608 - 111.345427 2, 2651 ft., [APH _ 1643, 29 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Tim Cota, AUMNH]; Pinal: Superstition Mtns, Flat Iron, just above Flat Bowl Siphon Draw, 33.440386 - 111.457602 1, 3450 ft., [APH _ 1443, 1 / 12 / 2011, 1 ♂, Tim Cota, AUMNH]; Superstition Mtns, Peralta Canyon Trail, 33.408937 - 111.354086 1, 2982 ft., [APH _ 1607, 11 / 11 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Tim Cota, Molly Taylor, AMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A2FBE50D80848FFEDEFBFD89C551B120.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma vorhiesi (Fig. 142) belongs to the Marxi species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear DNA identifies Aphonopelma vorhiesi as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Fig. 8). It can easily be distinguished from syntopic populations of Aphonopelma parvum sp. n., Aphonopelma paloma, and Aphonopelma saguaro sp. n. by its larger size. The most significant measurements that distinguish male Aphonopelma vorhiesi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are PTl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus III. Male Aphonopelma vorhiesi can be distinguished by possessing a smaller PTl / M 1 (≤ 0.90; 0.76 - 0.90) than Aphonopelma catalina sp. n. (≥ 0.90; 0.90 - 1.03), Aphonopelma chiricahua sp. n. (≥ 0.96; 0.96 - 1.18), and Aphonopelma madera sp. n. (≥ 0.98; 0.98 - 1.12), and larger than Aphonopelma chalcodes (≤ 0.75; 0.67 - 0.75) and Aphonopelma gabeli (≤ 0.68; 0.61 - 0.68); and a smaller L 3 scopulation extent (44 % - 62 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (76 % - 86 %) and Aphonopelma hentzi (69 % - 86 %). There are no significant measurements that separate male Aphonopelma vorhiesi from Aphonopelma peloncillo sp. n. Significant measurements that distinguish female Aphonopelma vorhiesi from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female Aphonopelma vorhiesi can be distinguished by possessing a larger Cl / Cw (≥ 1.11; 1.11 - 1.21) than Aphonopelma catalina (≤ 1.09; 1.07 - 1.09) and Aphonopelma chiricahua (1.02 + / - (only 1 specimen )); and by possessing a smaller L 4 scopulation extent (26 % - 37 %) than Aphonopelma chalcodes (63 % - 81 %), Aphonopelma gabeli (39 % - 53 %) and Aphonopelma hentzi (42 % - 72 %). There are no significant measurements that separate female Aphonopelma vorhiesi from Aphonopelma peloncillo and Aphonopelma madera.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A2FBE50D80848FFEDEFBFD89C551B120.taxon	description	Description. Male originally described by Chamberlin and Ivie (1939).	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
A2FBE50D80848FFEDEFBFD89C551B120.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: Arizona: Cochise: 0.45 miles NNE Cazador Trl on Hwy 80, 31.4724344 - 109.4502641 2, 4554 ft., [APH _ 0720 - 0721, 17 / 8 / 2009, 2 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 1 mile west of Portal, 31.914744 - 109.162506 5, 5026 ft., [APH _ 2130, 24 / 9 / 1963, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; [APH _ 2135, 30 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♀, V. Roth, AMNH]; 10 miles south of Apache, 31.572141 - 109.17493 5, 4669 ft., [APH _ 2132, 10 / 9 / 1965, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; 10 miles west of Douglas, 31.363766 - 109.696872 5, 4150 ft., [APH _ 2108, 8 / 9 / 1964, 1 ♂, R. Hastings and M. Hastings, AMNH]; 10 - 20 mile south of Apache, 31.494756 - 109.166548 5, 4459 ft., [APH _ 2123, 11 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♀, V. Roth, AMNH]; 12 miles south of Apache, 31.55928 - 109.183506 5, 4590 ft., [APH _ 2106, 8 / 10 / 1964, 3 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; 12 - 16 miles south of Apache, 31.42937 - 109.152669 5, 4383 ft., [APH _ 2125, 23 / 7 / 1963, 3 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; 2 miles northeast of Portal, 31.938743 - 109.172137 5, 5938 ft., [APH _ 2140, 10 / 2 / 1962, 1 ♀, Cazier and Mortenson, AMNH]; 2 miles south of Rodeo, 31.921206 - 109.050959 5, 4209 ft., [APH _ 2141, 20 / 6 / 1962, 1 ♀, N. M., AMNH]; 2 miles south of Southwestern Research Station, 31.862638 - 109.228246 5, 6499 ft., [APH _ 2137, 20 / 7 / 1959, 1 ♀, G. M. Happ and F. A. McKittrick, AMNH]; Deer Creek Ranch, 32.252852 - 109.832012 5, 4173 ft., [APH _ 2126, 19 / 7 / 1956, 1 ♀, J. Anderson, AMNH]; Galeyville, 31.943827 - 109.213586 5, 5469 ft., [APH _ 2124, 28 / 8 / unknown, 1 ♂, Scotty Anderson, AMNH]; Portal, 31.913703 - 109.14145 5, 4770 ft., [APH _ 2110, 23 / 10 / 1972, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2112, 24 / 8 / 1964, 2 ♂, R. Hastings and M. Hastings, AMNH]; [APH _ 2116, 15 / 11 / 1962, 1 ♂, V. Roth, AMNH]; [APH _ 2118, 1965, 1 ♂, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; [APH _ 2129, 15 / 7 / 1963, 1 ♀, V. Roth, AMNH]; [APH _ 2136, 8 / 1965, 1 ♀, W. J. Gertsch, AMNH]; Sierra Vista, just outside city limits, near and around residential areas near Ft. Huachuca Military Base, 31.47973 - 110.24666 1, 4643 ft., [APH _ 0187, 24 / 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Dean Pittman, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0188, 3 / 8 / 2007, 1 ♀, Dean Pittman, AUMNH]; Graham: 0.25 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.605235 - 109.682418 1, 3873 ft., [APH _ 1331 - 1335, 1 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, 4 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1346, 5 / 8 / 2011, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1348, 5 / 8 / 2011, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, Jake Storms, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1480, 1 / 8 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1490 - 1491, 4 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1506 - 1508, 7 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♀, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 0.4 miles E Hwy- 191 on Tanque Rd, 32.606204 - 109.681524 1, 3891 ft., [APH _ 1185 - 1187, 25 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♀, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; dirt road S of US- 70, 32.744869 - 109.344099 1, 4088 ft., [APH _ 0639 - 0640, 12 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Klondyke Rd, SW of Hwy- 70, 32.914146 - 109.975734 1, 3110 ft., [APH _ 0700, 18 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Swift Trail, along Hwy- 366, 32.67433 - 109.78367 2, 4885 ft., [APH _ 1361 - 1364, 3 / 9 / 2011, 4 ♂, Brandon La Forest, AUMNH]; Tanque Rd, near Hwy- 191, 32.604126 - 109.681695 1, 3887 ft., [APH _ 0624 - 0625, 11 / 7 / 2009, 2 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Pima: 4405 W Speedway Blvd, Tucson, 32.236347 - 111.059977 2, 2600 ft., [APH _ 1359, 4 / 9 / 2011, 1 ♂, Lee and Denise Roberts, AUMNH]; 6928 N. Northpoint Dr, Tucson, 32.33242 - 111.03403 2, 2320 ft., [APH _ 0400, 7 / 9 / 2008, 1 ♂, Linda Lanan, AUMNH]; 9095 E. Arbab Ct., Tucson, 32.11585 - 110.79889 2, 2907 ft., [APH _ 0177, 29 / 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Sandi Sowers, AUMNH]; Arivaca Creek (AZ- 289 / Ruby Rd), 31.59577 - 111.36337 4, 3560 ft., [APH _ 0294 - 0295, 3 / 10 / 2007, 2 ♂, Manny Rubio, AUMNH]; Catalina State Park, Romero Canyon Trail, 32.4253 - 110.8994 2, 2850 ft., [APH _ 1488, 22 / 7 / 2011, 1 ♀, Ken Macneil, AUMNH]; jct. I- 10 and Hwy 83, 32.004689 - 110.689365 5, 3448 ft., [AUMS _ 2212, 19 / 8 / 1995, 1 ♂, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH]; Santa Catalina Mountains, Mt. Lemmon Highway, Gordon Hirabayashi Recreation Area, 32.339509 - 110.717456 2, 4845 ft., [APH _ 3217, 1 / 7 / 14, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Mt. Lemmon Hwy, 0.3 miles S of Molino Basin, S of Catalina Mtns, 32.326961 - 110.702536 4, 4101 ft., [AUMS _ 3278, 16 / 9 / 1974, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; SE of Tucson, 3.5 miles N I- 10 on Houghton Rd, 32.1125 - 110.77611 2, 2950 ft., [APH _ 0791, unknown, 1 ♀, Jon Camp, AUMNH]; SE of Tucson, just N of I- 10 and Hwy 83 jct., 32.012461 - 110.690131 5, 3433 ft., [AUMS _ 2205, 19 / 8 / 1995, 2 ♂, J. Huff and Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2213, 19 / 8 / 1995, 1 ♂, R. Portillo and Thomas R. Prentice, AUMNH]; [AUMS _ 2225, 19 / 8 / 1995, 1 ♂, Thomas Mason, AUMNH]; Tucson, 32.221743 - 110.926479 6, 2470 ft., [APH _ 2318, 1 ♂, T. Vorhies, AMNH]; off Hwy 79, N of Tucson just past Hwy 77 split, E side of road, 32.57446 - 110.94732 1, 3445 ft., [APH _ 3188, 14 / 11 / 2013, 1 ♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Santa Cruz: 0.1 miles SE FS- 184 on Mt. Hopkins Rd, 31.69358253 - 110.9889079 2, 3684 ft., [APH _ 0732, 20 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.13 miles NW FS- 184 on Mt. Hopkins Rd, 31.69571757 - 110.9927435 2, 3630 ft., [APH _ 0731, 20 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 0.37 miles NE FR- 4099 on Mt. Hopkins Rd, 31.67437255 - 110.9370608 2, 4406 ft., [APH _ 0734, 20 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 1.6 miles E I- 19 Frontage Rd along Amado-Mentosa Rd (FS Rd 184), 31.70242578 - 111.0435914 2, 3156 ft., [APH _ 0382, 28 / 7 / 2008, 1 juv, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Patagonia Mtns, Harshaw Road, 31.528093 - 110.711410 4, 4215 ft., [APH _ 0185, 9 / 9 / 2007, 1 ♂, Manny Rubio, AUMNH]; Patagonia Mtns, Harshaw Road, 31.531246 - 110.718179 4, 4231 ft., [APH _ 0186, late / 8 / 2007, 1 ♂, Manny Rubio, AUMNH]; New Mexico: Dona Ana: Aguirre Springs Rd, 32.399191 - 106.548438 1, 4905 ft., [APH _ 0656 - 0658, 13 / 7 / 2009, 3 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; [APH _ 0660 - 0661, 13 / 7 / 2009, 2 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Just outside Las Cruces, on Aguirre Spring Road, 32.431202 - 106.54921 5, 5306 ft., [APH _ 0001, 8 / 2003, 1 ♂, Roy Thibodeau, AUMNH]; Organ Mtns, Aguirre Springs Rec Area, 32.387276 - 106.551429 1, 5061 ft., [APH _ 1176, 22 / 7 / 2010, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; Hidalgo: 1 mile west of Animas, 31.948038 - 108.828004 5, 4403 ft., [APH _ 2119, 26 / 8 / 1960, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; 11 miles south of Road Forks, 32.208574 - 108.798363 5, 4341 ft., [APH _ 2128, 26 / 8 / 1960, 1 ♂, unknown, AMNH]; 3 miles W of Animas on Hwy- 9, 31.942609 - 108.856771 1, 4400 ft., [APH _ 0292, 10 / 2007, 1 ♂, Kari McWest, AUMNH]; 3.1 miles E Hwy- 80 on Hwy- 9, 31.93239033 - 108.9869393 2, 4135 ft., [APH _ 0725, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; 4.1 miles E Hwy- 80 on Hwy- 9, 31.936704 - 108.970448 1, 4187 ft., [APH _ 0679, 16 / 7 / 2009, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 338, 32.0242 - 108.866316 1, 4297 ft., [APH _ 1512, 8 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH _ 1517, 8 / 9 / 2012, 1 ♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 80 at Granite Gap, 32.088477 - 108.973445 1, 4450 ft., [APH _ 1484, 1 / 8 / 2012, 1 ♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Brendon Barnes, Austin Deskewies, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 80, 2.3 miles S I- 10, 32.204378 - 108.949722 1, 4227 ft., [APH _ 0674 - 0675, 15 / 7 / 2009, 1 ♀, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Nate Davis, AUMNH]; along Hwy- 9, W of Animas, 31.94331229 - 108.8738359 2, 4386 ft., [APH _ 0727, 18 / 8 / 2009, 1 ♂, Alice Abela, AUMNH]; Clanton Draw, Geronimo Gap - Peloncillo Mtns, 31.517505 - 108.984343 4, 5441 ft., [APH _ 0886, 2006, 1 ♀, Dave Moellendorf, AUMNH]; Luna: Cookes Canyon Rd, A 019, 0.7 miles NW NM- 26, 32.424 - 107.583806 1, 4545 ft., [APH _ 0394, 28 / 7 / 2008, 1 juv, Kari, Hunter McWest, AUMNH]; Little Florida Mtns, 1 miles SE on Bonita Rd from turnoff on Gap Rd, 32.15817 - 107.58858 1, 4480 ft., [APH _ 0195 - 0196, 3 / 9 / 2007, 2 ♂, Lorenzo Prendini, Jeremy Huff, AUMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
F65F4A9285D5C54B8E84670191490427.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, referencing the word for " a type of small spider " in the language of the Cahuilla Native Americans, whose traditional territory includes the distribution of this species (from the Coachella Valley to Borrego Springs). Pronounced " hwalhwal "; xw - sounds like a light raspy sound when blowing out a candle; a - sounds like " a " in father; l - sounds like " l " in light.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
F65F4A9285D5C54B8E84670191490427.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Aphonopelma xwalxwal (Fig. 147) is a member of the paloma species group and can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies Aphonopelma xwalxwal as a phylogenetically distinct monophyletic lineage, supported as the sister lineage to the remaining members of the paloma species group (Figs 7 - 8). Aphonopelma xwalxwal is the largest of the miniature Aphonopelma, and while they are very similar looking to Aphonopelma joshua, Aphonopelma xwalxwal are slightly larger and has a different mating period (fall versus summer). Aphonopelma xwalxwal can be distinguished from Aphonopelma eutylenum by its smaller size, general phenotypic appearance, and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV, and from all other members of the paloma species group by locality. Like Aphonopelma joshua, Aphonopelma xwalxwal possess unique stout setae on the sternum. The significant measurement that distinguishes male Aphonopelma xwalxwal from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species is F 4. Male Aphonopelma xwalxwal can be distinguished by possessing a smaller F 4 / T 4 (≤ 1.05; 1.00 - 1.05) than Aphonopelma eutylenum (≥ 1.14; 1.14 - 1.22), Aphonopelma icenoglei sp. n. (≥ 1.14; 1.14 - 1.18), Aphonopelma joshua (≥ 1.07; 1.07 - 1.15), and Aphonopelma paloma (≥ 1.14; 1.14 - 1.24). Females of Aphonopelma xwalxwal are unknown at this time, though juvenile males look very similar to Aphonopelma joshua.	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
F65F4A9285D5C54B8E84670191490427.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. United States: California: Riverside: Carrizo Creek,. 25 miles S of Hwy 74 bridge, 4 miles S of Palm Desert or Hwy 111, 33.643993 - 116.400317 4, 2572 ft., [AUMS _ 3319, 27 / 3 / 1972, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Deep Canyon, 33.669056 - 116.367683 5, 699 ft., [AUMS _ 2668, 23 / 10 / 1963, 1 ♂, E. Schlinger, AUMNH]; on Hwy 74, 2.5 miles S of Carrizo Creek bridge, 6.5 miles S of Palm Desert or Hwy 111, 33.627668 - 116.40353 4, 2925 ft., [AUMS _ 3318, 15 / 10 / 1976, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve Center, 3.5 miles S of Palm Desert, 33.674866 - 116.371261 4, 639 ft., [AUMS _ 2670, 13 / 10 / 1969, 1 ♂, Saul Frommer, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.4 miles N of reserve station, 33.653477 - 116.37419 4, 891 ft., [AUMS _ 2348, 22 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.5 miles below reserve gate, 33.677408 - 116.370109 4, 613 ft., [AUMS _ 2345, 27 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Canyon Reserve, 1.1 miles below reserve gate, 33.684368 - 116.364817 4, 558 ft., [AUMS _ 2352, 21 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd Deep Can yon Reserve, at reserve gate - North, 33.670726 - 116.372949 4, 684 ft., [AUMS _ 2344, 21 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; P. L. Boyd-Deep Canyon Reserve, 0.2 miles below reserve gate, 33.586027 - 116.276451 4, 613 ft., [AUMS _ 3280, 27 / 9 / 1995, 1 ♂, T. R. Prentice, AUMNH]; San Diego: Hwy S 22 (Montezuma Valley Rd), 1.6 miles S junction with Palm Canyon Dr. (Borrego Springs), Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.2409 - 116.403283 1, 1148 ft., [APH _ 3132, 5 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Hwy S 22 (Montezuma Valley Rd), 2.8 miles S junction with Palm Canyon Dr. (Borrego Springs), Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.231167 - 116.411606 1, 1474 ft., [APH _ 3130, 4 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Hwy S 22 (Montezuma Valley Rd), 3.2 miles S junction with Palm Canyon Dr. (Borrego Springs), Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.225583 - 116.413067 1, 1673 ft., [APH _ 3131, 4 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Hwy S 22 (Montezuma Valley Rd), 3.3 miles S junction with Palm Canyon Dr. (Borrego Springs), Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.225633 - 116.414633 1, 1710 ft., [APH _ 3134, 4 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AUMNH]; Hwy S 22 (Montezuma Valley Rd), 4 miles S junction with Palm Canyon Dr. (Borrego Springs), Anza-Borrego State Park, 33.224618 - 116.424232 1, 1935 ft., [APH _ 3133, 5 / 10 / 2013, 1 ♂, W. Icenogle, AMNH].	en	Hamilton, Chris A., Hendrixson, Brent E., Bond, Jason E. (2016): Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States. ZooKeys 560: 1-340, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264
