taxonID	type	description	language	source
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Protosclerogibba australis sp. nov.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See description below.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	description	Description. Female. Micropterous (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); fore wing very reduced, about twice as long as scutellum, without veins (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); hind wing reduced, about half as long as fore wing; head with three ocelli (Fig. 1); frons not produced over base of antennae (antennal toruli not concealed in dorsal view) (Figs 2, 4, 5); eyes large, situated in the posterior three fourths of the head (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); head with posterior margin much longer than anterior one (Figs 1, 4); first antennal segment slightly longer than anterior flat surface of the hypostomal bridge (Fig. 3); palpal formula 6 / 4; antenna 12 - segmented (Figs 1, 2); scutum, scutellum, metanotum and propodeum separated by distinct sutures (Figs 1, 4); mesosoma not crossed by a straight suture separating the metanotum and scutellum from the propodeum (Figs 1, 4); metanotum composed of two narrow pieces situated on sides of scutellum and hidden under wings; profemur strongly enlarged (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5), meso- and metafemur less enlarged (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); tibial spurs formula 1 / 2 / 2. Male. Unknown.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. The main distinctive characters of Protosclerogibba are the following: female micropterous (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); frons not produced over base of antennae (antennal toruli not concealed in dorsal view) (Figs 2, 4, 5); eyes large, occupying the hind three fourths of the head (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); palpal formula 6 / 4; antenna composed of 12 segments (Figs 1, 2). The three above characters cannot be found in other genera of sclerogibbids. In fact females of other extant sclerogibbids are always apterous (Figs 6 – 8), with frons produced over base of antennae (antennal toruli concealed in dorsal view) (Fig. 9), eyes small, occupying the hind two thirds of the head (Figs 6 – 8); palpal formula varying from 2 / 1 to 6 / 3, never 6 / 4; antenna composed of 14 – 39 segments (Figs 6 – 8). In the few known fossil sclerogibbids (three known specimens, all females), the females are macropterous (in Sclerogibbodes embioleia and Pterosclerogibba antiqua) (Fig. 14) or apterous (in Probethylus poinari Olmi, 2005) (Fig. 13); no males of fossil sclerogibbids are known.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	biology_ecology	Hosts. Unknown. Etimology. The name of the new genus is formed by proto- and Sclerogibba, meaning first Sclerogibba in order of time among the extant species.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	description	Species. Type species only.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD6FFCDF0E2FEF8FE14F979.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Africa.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♀: SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape, Kimberley, Bro. Power [= Brother J. H. Power] leg., 1916 (SAMC). Paratype: same label as holotype, 1 ♀ (SAMC).	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See the description of Protosclerogibba gen. nov.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	description	Description. Female. Micropterous (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5); fore wing very reduced, about twice as long as scutellum, without veins; hind wing reduced, about half as long as fore wing. Length 5.1 mm. Head brown-black, except gena and mandible ferruginous; antenna brown; mesosoma brown black; legs brown. Antenna filiform, composed of 12 segments (Figs 1, 2); antennal segment 1 much longer than 2 (11: 3), slightly longer than broad (11: 7). First antennal segment slightly longer than anterior flat surface of the hypostomal bridge (11: 9) (Fig. 3). Mandible with unique very long tooth. Head dull, setose, flat, granulated. Frontal line absent. Frons without small shallow pit anteriorly, not produced over base of antennae (antennal toruli not concealed in dorsal view) (Figs 2, 4, 5). Occipital carina absent; ocelli normally developed (Fig. 1); POL = 8; OL = 5; OOL = 5; TL = 0.5; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli shorter than OL (1.5: 5); length of eyes slightly less than head (33: 41); distance between eyes and antennae much shorter than length of eyes (10: 33). Pronotum dull, setose, granulated, without track of median longitudinal furrow. Scutum reduced, transverse, situated partly between the two posterior lateral angles of the pronotum. Notauli absent. Scutellum convex, ovoid, dull, granulated, not trapezoidal, slightly shorter than broad (7: 10), slightly longer than scutum (7: 6). Metanotum reduced, divided medially and retained as narrow, scale-like pieces at sides of the posterior half of the scutellum. Propodeum (Fig. 4) shiny, setose, granulated, without median longitudinal groove, without transverse keels, laterally with longitudinal keel separating propodeum from metapleuron. Mesopleuron and metapleuron shiny, setose, granulated. First and second metasomal terga not separated from lateral surfaces by longitudinal furrow. Mesotibia with long brown spines on outer face. Palpal formula 6 / 4. Tibial spurs 1 / 2 / 2. Male. Unknown.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. See Protosclerogibba gen. nov.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	biology_ecology	Hosts. Unknown.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the austral area where it was collected.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Africa.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
039087C0FFD5FFCBF0E2F978FDCFFADA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Following the description of Protosclerogibba gen. nov., the following new key to females of world Sclerogibbidae genera is presented.	en	Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro, Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Speranza, Stefano (2016): Protosclerogibba australis gen. et sp. nov., new genus and species of sclerogibbid wasps (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 4085 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.6
