identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03908059FFADFFD2FCB9EF8767A8FE4E.text	03908059FFADFFD2FCB9EF8767A8FE4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leuctra abkhaziae Teslenko & Palatov 2019	<div><p>Leuctra abkhaziae Teslenko sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 1–11)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4D7C2705-241D-43B2-A2A5-0EDF34425FFE</p><p>Material examined. Holotype male. Western Georgia. Samegrelo, Zemo-Svaneti, Chkhorotsku municipality, Egris Ridge, Khobi River, upstream, near the Shurubumi cave, 42°38.587 N 42°12.193 E, 0 4.0 2.2017, coll. D. Palatov (FSC EATB FEB RAS). Paratypes: 1 male, 6 females (1 mounted). Abkhazia. Gagra Ridge, Lashipse River, 250 m upstream from the entry into Ritsa Lake, 43°28.529 N 40°33.469 E, 0 8.0 2.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Description. Body length of males 5.6 mm, females 5.0–7.2 mm. Micropterous, with minute immobile vesti- gial wings, in the form of dark plates on meso and metathorax (Fig. 9). General color brown, sclerotization heavy, body covered with dense pilosity (Figs. 1–3, 5–8). Palpi, head, pronotum, meso- and metanotum and legs uniformly brown (Fig. 1). Ocelli vestigial. Prothoracic sternum of the male with sclerites typical of Leuctra; postfurcasternum reduced to a small round sclerite surrounded by pleurae, spinasternum a transverse triangular, semi-oval sclerite, separated from basisternite II (Fig. 4) Male. Terga I–VII simple, darkly sclerotized, except posterior margin on terga V–VII (Fig. 5).</p><p>.</p><p>Tergum VIII anteriorly concave, with a pair of posteromedial darkly sclerotized and widely spaced horn-shaped processes, directed inward and extending to the posterior margin of tergum VIII, posterior margin membranous (Figs. 5, 7, 8). Tergum IX membranous, with distinct antecosta, divided medially for ⅓ of segment width, postero- medial sclerites are paired but separate triangular pigmented spots covered with black setae (Figs. 5, 7). Tergum X with wavy, anteromedian margin, posteromedian margin bears a trapezoid process with bluntly rounded corners (Figs 6, 8). Epiproct small, simple and membranous (Figs. 5, 6). Cerci tear-shaped in dorsal view, each cercus gently bent inward, slightly sclerotized on outer edge and covered with setae; the inner part membranous, apices truncated in lateral view, with vestigial terminal segment (Figs. 2, 3 5–8). Paraprocts strong, heavily sclerotized (Fig. 3); styles slightly shorter than specilla (Fig. 7). Specilla gently narrowed to the apex and ending in a round point in dorsal view (Figs. 6–8). Sternum IX with U-shaped unsclerotized area, vesicle absent (Figs. 2, 3, 8) Female. Terga II–X completely sclerotized (Fig. 9). Sternum VII convex, large, ventral sclerite almost rectan- gular with weakly rounded posteromedial margin, sometimes overlapping the anterior margin of sternum VIII covering the base of subgenital plate (Fig. 10). Sternum VIII with a triangular subgenital plate, ending slightly before the posterior margin of sternite.Anterolaterally from the wide unpigmented base of the subgenital plate stands a pair of small sclerotized spots. The convergent sides of the plate bear a pair of elongate-oval sclerites together forming a V-shape. Caudally from the plate the pleurites reach far to the ventral side, the extension anteriorly with an elongate swelling, caudally it is drawn out into a sharp point (Fig. 10). Sternum IX with concave anterior margin (Fig. 10). Seminal receptacle spheroid with a ring- shaped spermathecal sclerite which ends in a pair of lateral arms joined to each other by a sclerotized arch (Fig. 11).</p><p>.</p><p>Diagnosis. Micropterous in both sexes. Terga I–VII of male simple; tergum VIII with a pair of posteromedial heavily sclerotized widely spaced horn-shaped processes, directed inward; tergum X wavy along anteromedian margin, posteromedian margin trapezoid with bluntly rounded corners. Epiproct membranous, small and oval; cerci tear-shaped; styles slightly shorter than specilla. Ventral vesicle absent. Female subgenital plate triangular with unpigmented base delimited anterolaterally by a pair of small sclerotized spots and laterally by paired of elongateoval sclerites; a pair of sclerites extending anteriorly with an elongate swelling armed the subgenital plate laterally. Seminal receptacle spheroid enclosing a ring-shaped spermathecal sclerite with a pair of lateral arms Affinities. The extent of sclerotization of the male abdominal terga, the shape of tergal processes, and structure of epiproct, L. abkhaziae may be assigned to the prima species subgroup within the hippopus species group according to Ravizza &amp; Vin ҫon (1998) and Ravizza (2002). Males of the Balkanian species, L. olympia Aubert, 1956 and L. istenicae have similar horn-shaped and widely spaced processes on tergum VIII. In L. olympia, the processes are short, curved laterally, directed perpendicular to the body axis, and between the tergal processes is a rounded bulbous protrusion. In L. istenicae the tergal processes are long, extended to the middle of tergum IX, whereas in L. abkhaziae, the tergal processes reach the posterior margin of tergum VIII and both species lack a protrusion between the tergal processes. The posteromedial sclerite on tergum IX is semi-oval with diffuse apex in L. olympia, the same sclerite of L. abkhaziae and L. istenicae appears as a pair of pigmented triangular spots, which are disconnected at their base and covered with black setae. Leuctra abkhazica differs from both above mentioned and other species in the specific shape of tergum X, which is trapezoid posteromedially with bluntly rounded corners. The females of the three species are only a generally similar in having triangular subgenital plates with a bilobed posterior margin but the internal genitalia differ in the details. The spermatheca of L. abkhaziae has a strongly sclerotized central arch and caudally connected arms, similar to some members of the prima sub-group. The seminal receptacle of L. istenicae has not yet been described.</p><p>.</p><p>Adults of L. olympia are active in early to mid-spring, whereas L. istenicae and L. abkhaziae adults emerge in autumn and winter. The three species are geographically distributed within a relatively small area in different mountain ranges. Leuctra olympia is endemic to the western and southern regions of the Balkans (Muranyi et al. 2014); L. istenica is relatively common in springs in the Pohorje Mountains of the Alps of Slovenia (Sivec 1982); and L. abkhaziae is associated with the Egris and Gagra Ridges of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range in Abkhazia and western Georgia.</p><p>Distribution. One male of L. abkhaziae was collected with adults of Brachyptera transcaucasica Zhiltzova, 1956 and a female of L. fusca (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Khobi River near the Shurubumi Cave, Samegrelo, Zemo- Svaneti, Chkhorotsku, western Georgia, in February 2017 (Figs. 12, 13). The Khobi River drains the southern portion of the Egris Ridge (Greater Caucasus), the Colchis Lowland into the Black Sea. At the type locality, the Khobi River flows into a low mountain valley at an altitude 330 m. a.s.l., in a sharp, but low canyon (Fig. 13), width of river is 30 m, water current 0.3–1.0 m/s. On February 2018, one male and six females of L. abkhaziae were collected 250 m upstream from the mouth of the Lashipse River, Gagra Ridge (Greater Caucasus), Abkhazia (Fig. 12). The Lashipse River is about 10 m wide, speed of flow 0.6–0.7 m /s. The river flows into a lake, Ritsa Lake of glacialtectonic origin, where the average water temperature is + 3.8 °C in February (Figs. 14, 15). Ritza Lake is located at an altitude of 950 m above sea level in a deep mountain fir valley of the Lashipse River. Adults of L. abkhaziae were walking on the snow with adults of Capnia nigra (Pictet, 1833) . A larva of Capnopsis shilleri archaica Zwick, 1984 was also collected from the Lashipse River.</p><p>Leuctra abkhaziae appears to be a rare, rheophilic species that inhabits cold water streams at an altitude not exceeding 1,000 m.a.s.l. on the southern edge of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range in Abkhazia and western Georgia.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. The specific name is considered feminine.</p><p>Two other rare stonefly species on different stages of larval development were found in streams of Abkhazia and on the Black Sea coast during winter and spring 2018. The description of larvae of two Caucasian endemics species is given below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFADFFD2FCB9EF8767A8FE4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9ED8462BAFB2A.text	03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9ED8462BAFB2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leuctridae Klapalek 1905	<div><p>Leuctridae Klapálek, 1905</p><p>Leuctra svanetica Zhiltzova 1960</p><p>Material examined: 2 ♂, 1♀ Abkhazia. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=41.5366&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.919884" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 41.5366/lat 42.919884)">Ochamchyr District. Cave Head of Otap</a>, sweeping above stream in cave, around lamps of the artificial lighting, 42°55.193 N 41°32.196 E, 0 5.0 2.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Distribution. Karachay-Cherkessia, Georgia, Turkey. An endemic of the Caucasus, a high mountain and crenophilic species, inhabiting streams higher than 1,800 m.a.s.l. Adult emergence occurs at the end of July into beginning of August (Zhiltzova, 2003). Adults were collected for the first time also in February.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9ED8462BAFB2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9EFE4672FFCAE.text	03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9EFE4672FFCAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taeniopterygidae Klapalek 1905	<div><p>Taeniopterygidae Klapálek, 1905</p><p>Brachyptera transcaucasica Zhiltzova, 1956</p><p>Material examined: 2♂, 2♀ 1 exv. Abkhazia. Sukhumi District. Gumista River, 500 m above the bridge on Sukhu- mi town, 10.0 2.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Distribution. Caucasus, Armenia, and Turkey (Darilmaz et al. 2016). In Anatolia it extends throughout the Pontus. In Caucasus, the emerging period extends from the second half of April to July. This is a montane and rheophilic species occurring in streams at 500–1900 above sea level (Zhiltzova 2003). Adults were first collected in February.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFA9FFD2FCB9EFE4672FFCAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
03908059FFA9FFD0FCB9EB016521FD96.text	03908059FFA9FFD0FCB9EB016521FD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leuctra simplex Zhiltzova 1960	<div><p>Leuctra simplex Zhiltzova, 1960</p><p>Material examined: 4♂, 7 larvae. Russia. Krasnodarky Region, Novorossiysk District, Abrau-Dyurso Distric, Abrau River, 2 km above the Abrau Settlement, 155 m .a.s.l., 44°43.546 N 37°35.498 E, 18.0 4.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Structure of the male genitalia of L. simplex agrees well with original description (Zhiltzova 1960), except for a color details. The general color is brown with contrasting yellow patches. Head tinted chocolate brown with dark tentorial callosities at the base of the antenna and small dark spot in the area of the anterior ocellus; occiput covered with dark brown callosities posteriorly. Antenna dark brown, except flagellular segments 1–4 pale-yellow; scape and pedicel dark brown (Fig. 16). Pronotum light brown with dark brown callosities. Scutum of meso- and metanotum light brown with a diffuse dark brown patch above scutellum. Legs are striped, femur yellow with mesal diffuse dark brown patch (Fig. 16).</p><p>Mature larvae. The association of the mature larvae with adults was established from preemergent male larvae, collected together with adults. Body length: 4.7–5.4 mm in males, 5.9–6.0 mm in females. General color brownish with greenish tint (Fig. 17). On the head each ocellus contoured with a thin bright brown stripe of chocolate brown tint; a narrow brown band between lateral ocelli above epicranial suture (Fig. 17). Clypeus typical with a pair of small dark patches on corners. Antenna, legs and cerci pale. Pronotum oval, approximately 1.6Χ wider than long, without pattern, anterior and posterior margins slightly darker than disk (Fig. 17). Rear edge of thorax between front wing-pads rounded; between hind wing-pads the thorax margin forms two little pointed extensions (Fig. 17). Fore femur 2.2Χ longer than wide (Fig. 22). Abdominal terga I–VI greenish brown, integument pale, matte in appear- ance, terga VII–X pale (Fig. 17).</p><p>Setation. Macroscopic pilosity sparse. Head bears a few short club-shaped bristles behind the eyes. Antennal segments with pointed setae much shorter than length of segments. Setal fringe of short club-shaped bristles with rounded apices and a few occasional long, fine hairs on pronotum only on anterior corners (Figs 18, 19); one or two short bristles are on posterior pronotal margin closer to the posterior corner. Occasional long hairs and tiny clothing hairs cover pronotal disk (Fig. 19). Setation of legs is mixed: setal fringe on the outer femur margin of fore leg includes a few scattered, short acute bristles and a few long, fine hairs in second half of outer margin (Fig. 22). The longest acute bristles not exceed 10% of femur width on the fore leg. Tibia with spine-shaped bristles in distal half; outer margin with a few fine hairs (Fig. 22). Outer margin of femur of hind leg with sparse, cylindrical bristles and long fine hairs; setae on the tibia are similar with those on fore leg (Figs. 22, 23). Wing pad margins without pilosity. All terga covered with tiny clothing hairs and with a posterior fringe of short, thin setae (Fig. 20). Tergum IX of male additionally covered with stiff acute bristles posterolaterally (Fig. 21). Tergum X with numerous similar stiff bristles distributed evenly over tergum, and longer than that on tergum IX, especially along posterior margin (Fig. 21); the longest bristles not exceed 10% of tergum X width. Cerci with 10–12 slender acute bristles in the apical whorl on basal cercal segments, length of bristles does not exceed the segment length (Fig. 21). Paraprocts of male covered with stiff acute bristles near posterior edge ventrally.</p><p>Diagnosis. Mature larvae have a contrast thin, bright brown stripe around each ocellus and narrow, brown band between lateral ocelli on the head. Rear edge of mesonota between wing-pads rounded; in metanota forming two small pointed extensions. Pilosity sparse. Pronotal fringe at anterior corners as unnumerous, short, club-shaped bristles, rounded at the apex, with a few occasional long, fine hairs.</p><p>Remark. The specific identifications of larvae stages in Leuctra, a large and difficult genus remains problematic with exception for a few European species (Zwick 2004). Using the concept of Operational Taxonomic Units as presented by P. Zwick (2004), the larvae of L. simplex are most similar to those of the prima–hippopus–inermis group and cannot be currently distinguished from the other taxa.</p><p>Distribution. The Abrau River, a small foothill river, originates on the western slope of Zhen-Gora Mountain (Abrau Mountains) and flows into Abrau Lake. A rare species, endemic to the western Caucasus and the Krasnodarsky Region occurs at 600 m. a.s.l., adults emerge in May.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFA9FFD0FCB9EB016521FD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
03908059FFABFFD0FCB9ECD365C8FC30.text	03908059FFABFFD0FCB9ECD365C8FC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemouridae Billberg 1820	<div><p>Nemouridae Billberg, 1820</p><p>Nemoura cinerea (Retzius, 1783)</p><p>Material examined. 1♂, 3♀, 3 larvae. Russia. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.72576" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.72576)">Krasnodarsky Region</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.72576" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.72576)">Novorossiysk District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.72576" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.72576)">Abrau-Dyurso Distric</a>, Abrau River, 2 km above the Abrau settlement, 155 m above sea level, 44°43.5457 N 37°35.4979 E, 18.0 4.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Distribution. Widespread transpalaearctic species, flies in April-August.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFABFFD0FCB9ECD365C8FC30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
03908059FFABFFDDFCB9EA096787FDFA.text	03908059FFABFFDDFCB9EA096787FDFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Perlodidae Klapalek 1909	<div><p>Perlodidae Klapálek, 1909</p><p>Bulgaroperla mirabilis caucasica Zhiltzova 1973</p><p>Material examined. 3♂, 1♀, 1 larva. Russia. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.725765" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.725765)">Krasnodarky Region</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.725765" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.725765)">Novorossiysk</a> urban <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.725765" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.725765)">District</a>, Abrau-Dyur- so <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.591633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.725765" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.591633/lat 44.725765)">Distric</a>, Abrau River, 2 km above the Abrau settlement, 155 m above sea level, 44°43.546 N 37°35.498 E, 18.0 4.2018, coll. D. Palatov.</p><p>Mature larva. The association of the mature larva with the adult was established from preemergent male larva collected with adults. Body length of the male mature larva 14 mm. Preserved specimen brown-yellowish with pale markings and pale legs (Fig. 24). Dorsum of head brown with pale pattern (Figs. 24, 25); a pale diffuse patch anterior to median ocellus; lateral frontoclypeal corners brown (Fig. 25); thin lateral branches of M-line and tentorial callosities are pale. А pale trident-shaped spot arranged in interocellar and epicranial areas, with short neck in the part of transverse setal row across occiput widely interrupted medially. Occiput brown, a thin pale band around each eye (Figs. 24, 25). Antennae pale, scape medium brown. Mandible with 6 pointed teeth and a deep cleft between apical and subapical teeth (Fig. 28). The upper edge of lower mandibular tooth weakly serrate (Fig. 29). Lacinia bidentate, triangular (Fig. 27), row of setae along inner edge sparse, discontinuous medially, begins with four thin hairs arranged near apical and subapical teeth, two hairs very long, reach the apex of subapical tooth; two strong marginal setae below subapical tooth; the marginal scattered setae at lacinial base thinner and shorter than beneath the subapical tooth (Fig. 27). The length of galea does not exceed the length of the three basal palpus segments (Fig. 27), with thin short setae along outer edge. Setal fringe along inner edge of galea consists of 7 thin hairs in basal half, and longer than on inner margin of lacinia (Fig. 27).</p><p>Pronotum oval with rounded corners, 1.8Χ as long, brown with dark brown posterior and anterior pronotal margins mesally, lateral margins with pale band; median pronotal line and spots forming a X–shaped pale pattern diffused medially (Figs 24, 25). Meso- and metanota with pale median line and complex color pattern (Fig. 24). Abdominal terga pale, each tergum with one median and two lateral pale spots surrounded with dark brown patches, forming longitudinal rows (Fig. 26). Paraprocts and cerci pale; paraprocts blunt (Fig. 30). Ventral surface of abdomen pale. On mesosternum, branches of Y—ridge meet posterior corners of furcal pits. Only first 2 abdominal segments divided into terga and sterna, others ring-shaped.</p><p>Setation. Fine black pilosity (or clothing hairs) appressed to body surface closely and cover mainly pronotum and legs (Fig. 24). Transverse setal row across occiput medially widely interrupted, plurilinear setation presents only behind eyes, medially turning into an irregular single row ending far from middle (Fig. 25). Marginal setae on pronotum and abdominal terga relatively short, inconspicuous. Setal fringe around pronotum relatively regular and sparse, a few bristles on posterior pronotal corners much longer than on anterior ones, length of the longest bristles at the posterior pronotal corners attains 3.2% of pronotal width (Fig. 25). Dark pigmented spots with short setae seen on all abdominal terga (Fig. 26). Swimming hairs on the legs present (Fig. 24). Apical whorl of cercal segments basally and in the middle part contains short bristles; dorsal fringe of fine hairs lacking (Figs. 30, 31). Apical whorl of cerci in apical half packed with tenuous dorsal fringe of scattered silky hairs, length of hairs not exceeding length of the corresponding segment (Fig. 31). Additionally, the apical whorl in apical half of cerci bears one long dorsal and ventral setae (Fig. 31).</p><p>Remark. The West Palaearctic genus Bulgaroperla Raušer 1966 includes a single species B. mirabilis Raušer, 1966 with three subspecies B. mirabilis mirabilis Raušer, 1966, B. mirabilis nigrita Zwick, 1978, and B. mirabilis caucasica . The adults and larvae of these subspecies differ in body size and color patterns (Braash &amp; Joost 1971, Zhiltzova 1973, Zwick 1978). Bulgaroperla mirabilis caucasica can be distinguished by the smaller body size and lighter color pattern from the other two recognized subspecies.</p><p>Distribution. Endemic of the Western Caucasus, occurs in lowland streams (900–1000 m), adults emerge in May—beginning of June.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908059FFABFFDDFCB9EA096787FDFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Teslenko, Valentina A.;Palatov, Dmitry M.	Teslenko, Valentina A., Palatov, Dmitry M. (2019): A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 342-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.2.7
