taxonID	type	description	language	source
03900F29FF9C60265FC7FBCFFDDE4FAB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body robust, usually subglobose. Integument completely black, rarely with reddish elytra. Eyes large, usually flat. Antennal funicle 5 - segmented. Pronotum usually transverse, subconical to subspherical. Prosternum with deep longitudinal median canal. Elytra with third interstria joined to sixth interstria at apex. Prosternum, mesanepisternum, mesepimeron and metanepisternum with white fringed scales. Procoxal cavities separate. Uncus present on all tibiae, on male metatibiae often enlarged especially at apex. Tarsal claws free. Penis of pedo-tectal type, usually with flagellum enlarged at base, there joining rod-like or spine-like sclerite. Body of spermatheca often sinuate.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9C60265FC7FBCFFDDE4FAB.taxon	discussion	Remarks and comparative notes. The general habitus of all species belonging to Cleopomiarus is very uniform and external characters allowing differentiation of many taxa are few. Species recognition is often possible only by the careful examination of male or female genitalia. Two easily observed external characters, the presence of a deep prosternal canal and free claws, immediately allow separation of Cleopomiarus and Miarus from other Mecinini. The penis without setae at its apex, with endophallus with two large sclerites and without a large and elongated median sclerite in proximity of the orifice, the slightly more pronounced convexity of the pygidium of the male, and the more globose femora distinguish Cleopomiarus from Miarus. Moreover, in many species of Cleopomiarus meso- and metafemora are dentate, the uncus of the male metatibiae is enlarged, and pygidium and ventrite 5 always lack fovea and two teeth placed posterolaterally respectively. Finally, the species of Cleopomiarus are more widely distributed than Miarus, being present not only in the Palaearctic region but also in the Afrotropical and Nearctic regions.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9F60245FC7FF02FDA048E5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Habahe Baihaba Canyon (48 ° 01 ′ N; 85 ° 59 ′ E, 1314 m), 2 - VII- 2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1 M) (specimen with single row of elytral scales); same data (4 M 3 F). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan (40 ° 32 ′ N; 123 ° 01 ′ E, 254 m), 22 - VII- 2002, leg Yong Zhang (1 M); same data, leg Siqin Ge (1 M 1 F); Fengcheng Tongyuanpu (40 ° 46 ′ N; 123 ° 55 ′ E, 186 m), 1 - VI- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (3 F). Jilin: Antu Dahuanggou (42 ° 57 ′ N; 128 ° 40 ′ E, 640 m), 16 - VIII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (1 M 3 F). Heilongjiang: Ningan Jingpo Lake (43 ° 51 ′ N; 128 ° 54 ′ E, 380 m), 7 - VIII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (2 F), 8 - VIII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (3 M). Neimenggu: Xinganmeng Keerqinyouyiqianqi (46 ° 04 ′ N; 121 ° 58 ′ E), 28 - VII- 1984, leg Qier Min (1 M). Type locality. Sweden.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9F60245FC7FF02FDA048E5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 1.9 – 3.3 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, whitish to light brown. Rostrum moderately long in male, longer in female, nearly of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view in male, nearly straight to weakly curved in female. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subglobose, moderately long, weakly wider than pronotum; interstriae covered with recumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth and metafemora with distinct sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male moderately enlarged, pointed at apex.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9F60245FC7FF02FDA048E5.taxon	description	Description. Length 1.9 – 3.3 mm. Body stout, Integument black (Fig. 1 – 4). Rostrum (Fig. 25 – 26), long in male, moderately longer in female (Rl / Rw male 6.00 – 6.67, female 6.05 – 7.39; Rl / Pl male 0.94 – 1.09, female 0.93 – 1.20), nearly of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view in male, nearly straight to weakly curved in female. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum in male, between middle and basal third of rostrum in female. Pronotum (Pw / Pl 1.36 – 1.48), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with recumbent to suberect, moderately long, white to light brown, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, white scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El / Ew 1.10 – 1.25), weakly wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.16 – 1.36), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 2 – 4 irregular rows of recumbent to suberect, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth, metafemora with distinct sharp tooth (Fig. 43 – 46), uncus of metatibiae 0.06 – 0.10 mm, in male moderately enlarged, pointed at apex (Fig. 37). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.16 – 1.45 mm, somewhat narrowed at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with straight, long and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 67). Female: spermatheca 0.18 – 0.24 mm, body narrow, gradually narrowed in apical third, weakly sinuate, collum straight, long, 2 / 3 as long as body, at base weakly enlarged, ramus very short (Fig. 73); spiculum ventrale with arms slightly divergent from base to apex (Fig. 78).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9F60245FC7FF02FDA048E5.taxon	discussion	Remarks and comparative notes. For detailed data on synonymies see Caldara & Legalov (2016). This is an apparently variable species with a wide distribution. The two most variable characters are the colour of the dorsal vestiture, which varies from whitish grey to light brown, and the density of the elytral scales sometimes moderately sparse, sometimes completely covering the integument. The rostrum varies somewhat in length and curvature, especially in the female. It is clear that it would be very interesting to perform a detailed molecular study of various populations. Cleopomiarus graminis differs from the other Chinese species by the shape of the uncus of metatibiae in male, the shape of the rostra and that of median lobe and spermatheca. We identified temporarily as C. graminis the only male specimen (Fig. 5 – 6) collected at Habahe Baihaba Canyon (Xinjiang) (Fig. 86), characterized mainly by a single row of white elytral scales, which makes this specimen distinct from the other Chinese specimens of C. graminis (see fig. 1 – 4 vs Fig. 5 – 6). However it is know that some specimens from western Palaearctic countries have similar elytral vestiture (Caldara & Legalov 2 016).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9F60245FC7FF02FDA048E5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Previously reported from Europe, West and Central Siberia (Caldara & Legalov 2016). New record from China (northern regions).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9E60225FC7F933FEF44B25.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA: Liaoning: Dalian Shicheng (39 ° 31 ′ N; 123 ° 0 ′ E, 29 m), 4 - VII- 1954 (1 F). Heilongjiang: Erdaodianzi (43 ° 08 ′ N; 127 ° 09 ′ E, 283 m), 15 - VI- 1941 (5 M). Type locality. Shirahone (Nagano Prefecture, Japan).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9E60225FC7F933FEF44B25.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 2.9 – 3.2 mm. Dorsal vestiture with brown and white scales intermixed. Rostrum stout in both sexes, short in male, slightly longer in female, somewhat curved in lateral view, gradually and weakly tapered from base to apex. Pronotum moderately transverse, with recumbent scales. Elytra subglobose, short, slightly longer than wide, moderately wider than pronotum; interstriae covered with 3 – 4 irregular rows of recumbent to slightly raised scales. Mesofemora with small sharp tooth and metafemora with slightly more distinct sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male distinctly pointed at apex.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9E60225FC7F933FEF44B25.taxon	description	Redescription. Length 2.9 – 3.2 mm. Body globose, stout. Integument black (Fig. 7 – 10). Rostrum stout in both sexes, short in male (Fig. 28), slightly longer in female (Fig. 29) (Rl / Rw male 4.11 – 4.44, female 4.40 – 4.80; Rl / Pl male 0.89 – 1.02, female 0.88 – 0.95), somewhat curved in lateral view, gradually and weakly tapered from base to apex. Antennae inserted between middle and apical third of rostrum in male, at middle of rostrum in female. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw / Pl 1.32 – 1.40), widest at base, then gradually narrowed to apex, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with recumbent brown and whitish intermixed, long, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, light brown scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El / Ew 1.16 – 1.24), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.30 – 1.40), at base gradually directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3 – 4 irregular rows of recumbent to slightly raised, whitish and light brown intermixed, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with small sharp tooth and metafemora with slightly more distinct sharp tooth (Fig. 47 – 50), uncus of metatibiae 0.07 – 0.10 mm, in male distinctly pointed at apex (Fig. 38). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.84 – 1.90 mm in length, gradually narrowed from base to apex, with sides weakly concave at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with long and crooked sclerite (Fig. 68). Female: spermatheca 0.22 – 0.27 mm, hook-shaped, with body thin, long, with sides parallel in basal half, then gradually narrowed to apex, with collum long, as long as half of body, with ramus very short (Fig. 74). Spiculum ventrale 1.00 mm, with subparallel arms (Fig. 79).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9E60225FC7F933FEF44B25.taxon	discussion	Remarks and comparative notes. This species is one of the few that is easily distinguishable from all the other Palaearctic species, mainly due to the uncommonly stout rostrum in both sexes and the pattern of the dorsal vestiture composed of whitish and light brown scales intermixed, which it shares only with C. danfengensis.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9E60225FC7F933FEF44B25.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Honshū Island), Russia (southern Russian Far East). New record from China (northeastern provinces).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9860215FC7FCB2FC47499D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (Shaanxi, China). Type specimens. Holotype, male, CHINA: Shaanxi: Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (33 ° 51 ' N, 110 ° 24 ' E, 1391 m), 13 - VIII- 2015, leg Menglei Zhang. Paratypes, same data as holotype (1 F); CHINA: Shanxi: Qinshui Lishan Conservation Area Shunwangping (35 ° 35 ′ N; 111 ° 57 ′ E, 2250 m), 15 - VII- 2013, leg Lizhi Huo (1 F).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9860215FC7FCB2FC47499D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 3.5 – 3.6 mm. Dorsal vestiture with dark brown and white scales intermixed; first elytral interstria covered with a fringe of white, long scales at apical declivity. Rostrum moderately long, in lateral view distinctly arcuate. Pronotum moderately transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long, weakly curved at sides, widest at basal third, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with a small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male pointed at apex.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9860215FC7FCB2FC47499D.taxon	description	Description (holotype). Length 3.5 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 11 – 12). Rostrum (Fig. 30) 1.13 mm, moderately long (Rl / Rw 5.63; Rl / Pl 1.06), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, moderately tapered from antennal insertion to apex. Antennae dark brown, inserted near middle of rostrum at apex; funicle with segment 1 1 / 3 as long as scape, segment 2 shorter than segment 1, segments 3, 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw / Pl 1.27 – 1.36), subconical, with rounded sides, widest in basal third, convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown and white intermixed, moderately long, seta-like scales; white scales more numerous at sides. Scutellum with short white scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long (El / Ew 1.30), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.36), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3 – 4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown, seta-like scales, with white scales randomly distributed. First interstria covered with fringe of white, long, seta-like scales at apical declivity. Mesofemora with small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth (Fig. 51 – 54); uncus of metatibiae 0.1 mm, in male pointed at apex (Fig. 39). Genitalia. Penis 1.00 mm, gradually narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged, and connected with sclerite straight and stick-shaped (Fig. 69). Female paratypes. Length 3.5 – 3.6 mm (Fig. 13 – 14). Rostrum 1.12 – 1.25 mm, moderately long (Rl / Rw 5.60 – 6.25; Rl / Pl 1.00 – 1.07), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, somewhat tapered from base to apex (Fig. 31). Pronotum less transverse than in holotype (Pw / Pl 1.28 – 1.31). Elytra shorter than in holotype (El / Ew 1.15 – 1.19), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.36 – 1.38). Genitalia. Spermatheca 0.20 mm, slim, body distinctly bisinuate, not hook-shaped, weakly enlarged; collum distinctly narrowed in apical half, long and thin, slightly shorter than length of body; ramus short (Fig. 75). Spiculum ventrale 1.00 mm, with parallel arms (Fig. 80).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9860215FC7FCB2FC47499D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of this species is an adjective referring to the site of collection.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9860215FC7FCB2FC47499D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is distinguished from all other Palaearctic species by the comb of white scales at the apical declivity of interstria 1 and by the shape of the rostra especially in the female. It shares the pattern of the dorsal vestiture of dark brown and white scales intermixed with C. flavoscutellatus, in which however the scales of the scutellum are yellowish and not white. The tooth and the uncus of the metatibiae are similar to that of C. graminis, whereas the male genitalia are similar to those of C. distinctus. This apparent mountain species was collected on herbaceous plants on an open hillside and a semi-open mountain valley over 1000 m elevation. Distribution. Central China (Shaanxi Province and Shanxi Province).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9B60205FC7FE2AFA0A4A50.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Baihaba Habahe (48 ° 18 ′ N; 86 ° 24 ′ E, 1153 m), 23 - VII- 2009, leg Xinlei Huang (1 M); Bazhou (41 ° 45 ′ N; 86 ° 08 ′ E, 944 m), 10 - VII- 1998 (1 F). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan (40 ° 32 ′ N; 123 ° 01 ′ E, 254 m), 8 - VI- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (1 M); Fengcheng Tongyuanpu (40 ° 46 ′ N; 123 ° 55 ′ E, 186 m), 31 - V- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (3 M 2 F). Jilin: Antu Dahuanggou (42 ° 57 ′ N; 128 ° 40 ′ E, 640 m), 18 - VIII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (2 M 2 F). Heilongjiang: Baimao 2 sa (45 ° 44 ′ N; 126 ° 39 ′ E, 147 m), 14 - VI- 1953 (1 M 2 F); Erdaodianzi (43 ° 08 ′ N; 127 ° 09 ′ E, 283 m), 15 - VI- 1941 (2 M); same data, 30 - VI- 1941 (6 M 9 F); Hulin (45 ° 45 ′ N; 132 ° 56 ′ E, 84 m), 14 - VI- 1971 (2 M); same data, 9 - VI- 1971, leg Xuezhong Zhang (1 M 2 F); Hutoushan (45 ° 58 ′ N; 133 ° 40 ′ E, 56 m), 8 - VI- 1971, leg Xuezhong Zhang (1 M); North East (3 M). Type locality. Geneva (Switzerland).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9B60205FC7FE2AFA0A4A50.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 2.2 – 3.3 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, whitish to light brown. Rostrum long in male, very long in female, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subrectangular, short, moderately wider than pronotum, with subrecumbent to erect scales. Mesofemora smoothed without tooth, metafemora with small moderately sharp tooth, uncus of metatibiae in male enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9B60205FC7FE2AFA0A4A50.taxon	description	Redescription. Length 2.20 – 3.30 mm. Body stout, Integument black (Fig. 15 – 18). Rostrum (Fig. 32 – 33) long in male, very long in female (Rl / Rw male 6.58 – 8.33, female 9.18 – 11.24; Rl / Pl male 1.05 – 1.27, female 1.38 – 1.58), weakly curved in lateral view in male, straight in female, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum in male, between middle and basal third of rostrum in female. Eyes flat. Pronotum transverse (Pw / Pl 1.45 – 1.55), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to erect, moderately long, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, whitish scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El / Ew 1.02 – 1.20), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.18 – 1.34), at base distinctly directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 2 – 4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to erect, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Mesofemora smoothed without tooth, metafemora with small moderately sharp tooth (Fig. 55 – 58); uncus of metatibiae 0.08 – 0.10 mm, in male enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards (Fig. 40). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.23 – 1.40 mm, gradually narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with straight, long and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 70). Female: spermatheca 0.18 – 0.22 mm, body weakly enlarged at middle and sinuate, narrowed near middle; collum moderately long, 1 / 4 as long as body, ramus very short (Fig. 76); spiculum ventrale with arms close to each other at base and then distinctly divergent to apex (Fig. 81).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9B60205FC7FE2AFA0A4A50.taxon	discussion	Remarks and comparative notes. According to Caldara & Legalov (2016), this is one of the most variable species and with the widest distribution together with C. graminis. The three most variable characters are the colour of the dorsal vestiture, which varies from whitish grey to light brown, the density of the elytral scales, sometimes completely covering the integument, and the length of the rostrum especially in the female and especially in the Anatolian population. Moreover, C. distinctus is very closely related to numerous species (C. persimilis, C. salsosae, C. kobanzo and C. kamiyai). It is clear that it would be very interesting to perform a detailed molecular study of these apparently cryptic species. After the examination of other specimens from the type locality of C. mandschuricus, we realized that it is not possible morphologically to separate this species from C. distinctus. Apart from the characters of the shape of the rostra, the uncus of the male metatibiae, and that of the genitalia (penis, spermatheca and spiculum), C. distinctus usually differs from C. graminis also by the more angulate shape of the elytral base. With regard to the spiculum ventrale, we noticed that, although somewhat variable as reported by Caldara & Legalov (2016), the angulation of the arms is different between these two species (see fig. 78 vs fig. 81).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9B60205FC7FE2AFA0A4A50.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Europe, from the Iberian Peninsula to the Russian Far East, South Korea (Gangwon), Turkey. Previously known from China only from Heilongjiang Province (Caldara & Legalov 2016), but now it is new from the northeastern (Jilin and Liaoning provinces) and northwestern regions (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Shenyang Dongling (Liaoning, China). Type specimen. Holotype, male, CHINA: Liaoning: Shenyang Dongling (41 ° 49 ′ N; 123 ° 35 ′ E, 61 m), 26 - V- 1963, leg Hongxing Li.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 3.46 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, greyish. Rostrum long, weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short, moderately wider than pronotum, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male moderately enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	description	Description (holotype). Length 3.46 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 19 – 20). Rostrum (Fig. 34) 1.38 mm long (Rl / Rw 7.67; Rl / Pl 1.17), weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum; funicle 1 1 / 4 as long as scape, funicle 2 nearly as long as funicle 1, funicle 3 1 / 2 as long as funicle 2, funicle 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum distinctly transverse (Pw / Pl 1.40), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, moderately long, greyish, setalike scales. Scutellum with short yellowish scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short (El / Ew 1.13), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.33), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3 – 4 irregular rows of suberect to erect, greyish, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth (Fig. 59 – 60); uncus of metatibiae 0.10 mm, in male enlarged especially at apex (Fig. 41). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.40 mm, distinctly narrowed at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with broad, straight and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 71).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The collection site, Dongling, is the tomb of Nuerhachi, who was a great emperor in Chinese history. This species is named in his honor.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species, presently know only from a male, is closely related to C. distinctus by the general habitus and the shape of the rostrum. However, it differs slightly by the shape of the mesofemora with angled (and not smoothed) ventral face, and that of the uncus of the metatibiae in the male, which is shorter and narrower in basal half, and differs distinctly by the shape of the body of the penis, in which sides are distinctly narrowed at the middle, as well as the stick-shaped sclerite of the endophallus, which is shorter and broader at its apex.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A60205FC7FD61FC744EEF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality in northeastern China.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A602F5FC7F8E7FD544F7D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA: Inner Mongolia: Abahanaer Banner (Xilinhaote) (43 ° 56 ′ N; 116 ° 05 ′ E, 1375 m), 21 - VII- 1964, Serratula sp., leg Hongchang Li (37 M 25 F); Hinggan League Keerqinqian Banner (46 ° 04 ′ N; 121 ° 57 ′ E, 308 m), 8 - VIII- 1983, leg Fucheng Ren (2 F); same data, 9 - VIII- 1983, leg Wulita (1 F); same data, 12 - VIII- 1983, leg Baoyin (1 F); Hinggan League Keerqinzhong Banner (45 ° 03 ′ N; 121 ° 28 ′ E, 254 m), 4 - VIII- 1983, leg Enhe (1 F); same data, 23 - VII- 1983, leg Nengnaizhabu (1 F); HulunbeierDaur Autonomous Banner of Morin Dawa (48 ° 28 ′ N; 124 ° 31 ′ E, 184), 23 - VII- 1970 (1 M 2 F). Hebei: Zhuoluxian Xiaowutai Shanjiankou (40 ° 01 ′ N; 115 ° 03 ′ E, 1200 m), 22 - VIII- 2 0 0 5, leg Junhao Huang (1 F). Beijing: Changping Shisanling (40 ° 15 ′ N; 116 ° 13 ′ E, 106 m), 29 - VIII- 1958 (1 M); HaidianWofo Temple (40 ° 0 ′ N; 116 ° 12 ′ E, 193 m), 4 - IX- 1964, leg Tengqiao Jiang (1 M); Haidian Xiangshan (39 ° 59 ′ N; 116 ° 11 ′ E, 570 m), 23 - VIII- 1961, leg Shuyong Wang (25 M 16 F); Haidian Xibeiwang (40 ° 02 ′ N; 116 ° 15 ′ E, 49 m), 4 - VIII- 1958 (1 F); Yanqing Badaling Sanpucun (40 ° 19 ′ N; 116 ° 02 ′ E, 600 m), 22 - VIII- 1964, leg Tiesheng Li (7 M 6 F). Heilongjiang: Aihui Xigou (49 ° 51 ′ N; 127 ° 13 ′ E, 154 m), 22 - VII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (1 F); Mishan Errenban (45 ° 17 ′ N; 131 ° 43 ′ E, 140 m), 11 - VIII- 1970 (1 F); Ningan Jingpo Lake (43 ° 51 ′ N; 128 ° 54 ′ E, 380 m), 8 - VIII- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (2 M 3 F). Sichuan: Wushan Liziping (31 ° 12 ′ N; 110 ° 05 ′ E, 1850 m), 4 - VIII- 1993, leg Xingke Yang (2 M). Shaanxi: Ankang Ningshaan Guanghuojie Yuanyanggou (33 ° 04 ′ N; 108 ° 04 ′ E, 1264 m), 27 - VII- 2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1 M). Type locality. Japan.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A602F5FC7F8E7FD544F7D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 2.10 – 3.20 mm. Dorsal vestiture nearly unicolorous, greyish and light brown. Rostrum moderately long in male, slightly longer in female, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex, distinctly curved in lateral view. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subglobose, moderately short, moderately wider than pronotum. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth, metafemora with a little more distinct sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male distinctly enlarged from base to apex.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A602F5FC7F8E7FD544F7D.taxon	description	Redescription. Length 2.10 – 3.20 mm. Body slender, integument black (Fig. 21 – 24). Rostrum (Fig. 35 – 36) moderately long in male, usually slightly longer in female (Rl / Rw male 6.00 – 6.92, female 6.15 – 7.50; Rl / Pl male 0.90 – 1.00, female 0.96 – 1.02), cylindrical, of same width from base to apex, distinctly curved in lateral view in male, slightly more curved in female. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum in male, and between middle and basal third of rostrum in female. Eyes flat. Pronotum distinctly transverse (Pw / Pl male 1.38 – 1.43), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to erect, moderately long, whitish grey and light brown, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, yellowish scales. Elytra subglobose, moderately short (El / Ew 1.10 – 1.16), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew / Pw 1.24 – 1.29), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with moderately rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3 – 4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to suberect, whitish grey and light brown, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth, metafemora with a little more distinct sharp tooth (Fig. 61 – 66); uncus of metatibiae 0.06 – 0.08 mm, in male distinctly enlarged from base to apex (Fig. 42). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.10 – 1.20 mm, gradually and weakly narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with straight, short, broad, stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 72). Female: spermatheca 0.17 – 0.18 mm, hook-shaped, body weakly enlarged, gradually narrowed from base to apex, collum moderately long, as long as ramus (Fig. 77). Spiculum ventrale 0.65 – 0.70 mm, with subparallel arms (Fig. 82).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A602F5FC7F8E7FD544F7D.taxon	discussion	Remarks and comparative notes. This species is distinguished easily from the others mainly by the shape of the rostrum, which is thin, distinctly curved, of the same width from base to apex and only slightly sexually dimorphic. The sclerite of the endophallus is distinctly shorter than in other species. The spermatheca is hookshaped and the body is not sinuate. As written on some labels, many specimens were collected mating on flowers of Serratula sp. (Asteraceae) and about 80 % of the flowers were with C. vestitus. However, it is highly probable that Serratula is not the host plant of C. vestitus, since up to now no species of Cleopomiarus were reported to live on plants of families other than Campanulaceae. On the contrary it is well known that some species have been collected in numbers on Fragaria or Ranunculus spp. when Campanulaceae were not yet blooming (Caldara 2001, 2007).	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
03900F29FF9A602F5FC7F8E7FD544F7D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Honshū Island), Korea, Mongolia, Russia (South of eastern Siberia, Far East). Already known from Beijing and Heilongjiang (Caldara & Legalov 2016), new for several other provinces of northern and northeastern China as well as southwestern China.	en	Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto, Zhang, Runzhi (2018): A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4378 (3): 337-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3
