taxonID	type	description	language	source
039187EAA034FFDFFF170208FCC4960B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA: Hainan: male, Wuzhishan City, Shuiman, 23 – 25. V. 2007, coll. Ba Yi-Bing & Lang Jun-Tong (HBUM); female, Lingshui County, Diaoluoshan, 1100 m, 29. III. 1999, Zhou Wen-Yi leg. (SHNU); Taiwan: female, Xinzhu County, Jianshi, 13. VI. 1993, coll. Chen Chang-Chin (SHNU); Yunnan: male, Menla, alt. 670 m, 21. IV. 1982, coll. Zhang Hong-Liang; male, Jinghong City, 11. VI. 1973, coll. Jin Gen-Tao (NO. 24038143, SEM); male, Nabanhe N. R., Manfei, alt. 630 m, 29. VII. 2005, coll. LI Jin-Wen & LI Li-Zhen (SHNU); male and female, Menlun, Xipian, alt. 985 m, 1. IV. 2009, coll. Yin Zi-Wei (SHNU); male and female, Menla, Wangtianshu, alt. 600 m, 5. IV. 2009, coll. Yin Zhi-Wei (SHNU); Guangxi: male, Rong’an County, Xishan Forest Farm, Hongchagou, 26. VII. 2006, coll. LI Li-Zhen (SHNU); female, Shangsi County, Pinglongshan, 6. IV. 2002, alt. 350 – 500 m, coll. Shi Ai-Ming (HBUM); Guangdong: male, Nanling N. R., Waterfall group, VII. 2006, coll. Wang Zi-Chen (SHNU); male, Nanxiong City, Yuntan street, 3. V. 2007, coll. Huang Bao- Ping (SHNU); Fujian: male, Yong’an County, Xiyang, 19. IV. 1962, coll. JIN Gen-Yao (NO. 24110832, SEM); female, Fuzhou City, Shoushan, Beifeng, V. 2004, coll. Li Min (SHNU); female, Wuyishan, 27. V. 2002, Li Li- Zhen leg. (SHNU); Hunan: female, Tongdao County, Shangyan, 24. VII. 2004, coll. Wang Ji-Liang (HBUM); Guizhou: Fanjingshan, Heiwan Reiver, 800 m, 3. VIII. 2001, Ma jing leg. (SHNU); Sichuan: female, Luding, Moxi, alt. 1300 m, 20. V. 2009, He Wen-Jia leg. (SHNU); Chongqing: male, Jiangjin, Simianshan, 10. VII. 2005, coll. Zhang Wei-Wei (SHNU). BL: 8.4 – 9.4 mm, ED: 0.23 – 0.26 mm, PL / PW of male: 0.79 – 0.84, PL / PW of female: 0.75 – 0.77. Body black and glossy, mesofemora and metafemora with reddish fascia. Frons densely punctuate with an impunctate portion on vertex, punctures mostly elongate and slightly confluent. Pronotum raised above elytra, with lateral edges slightly sinu- Figures Ι – 5. Adult habitus of Scaphidium. Ι – 3 S. grande 4, 5 S. longum. Scales = 1 mm. ate. Antebasal row of punctures impressed; disc densely punctuate, punctures round and well delimited, puncture intervals mostly a little larger than diameters. Elytra with humeral protuberance indistinct, apical portion moderately impressed; discal punctation similar to that of pronotum, punctures on apical portion slightly larger; discal row of punctures absent; basal stria row impressed, with punctures about as coarse as those of pronotal antebasal row; sutural stria row of punctures relatively fine. Prohypomera smooth with very fine and sparse punctures mainly on outer half. Mesepisterna smooth with moderately dense, moderately fine, and very shallow punctures. Exposed abdominal sternites and tergites with coarse and relatively sparse punctures and densely reticulate microsculpture. Legs long, mesotibiae and metatibiae slightly curved. Male. Metasternum impressed in middle, with long semi-erect pubescence. Profemora (Fig. 18) with tubercles arranged in three rows on ventral side. Protibiae (Fig. 18) slightly incurved with a small apical angle and tubercles on inner side. Variation of internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 14 – 16.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA034FFDFFF170208FCC4960B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hainan, Taiwan), Burma, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam. Diagnoses. This is a rather variable species, especially in body size and punctuation (Löbl 1992). Among the material we examined was one male from Hainan Prov. with three blurry rows of puncture consisting of coarse punctures.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDFFF170184FC459231.taxon	description	Figs 4, 5, 19 – 22 Type material. Holotype. China: Hainan: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ China, Hainan, Limu Shan, alt. 800 m, 20. IV. 2009, Zhu Xiao-Yu leg. ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium longum / Tang & Li ” [red handwritten label] (SHNU). Paratypes. 9 males and 10 females, alt. 800 m, 20. IV. 2009, Zhu Xiao-Yu leg. (SHNU) BL: 7.5 – 9.9 mm, ED: 0.31 – 0.39 mm, PL / PW of male: 0.82 – 0.86, PL / PW of female: 0.77 – 0.80. Similar to S. grande in most respects, but differs in the following characters: body form distinctly elongate; pronotum more convex; antennal club (Fig. 21) slenderer; male metasternum with larger setal patch; punctation of pronotum slightly finer and sparser; male profemora (Fig. 22) longer and slenderer, tubercles smaller; male protibiae (Fig. 22) longer and more incurved with a small subapical expansion and an apical angle on inner side; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 19, 20. Diagnoses. This species can be easily distinguished from other related species by the elongate body.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDFFF170184FC459231.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin adjective “ longum ” refers to the elongate body and male legs of the new species. Biological notes. All specimens were collected from a log covered with white fungus (Fig. 43). Territorial behavior of the male was observed by the collector, and it was described as follows: Each male occupies a small area on the fungi. Normally they highly raise bodies upon their long legs and they can shake their bodies up and down rapidly. Once, a small male was too close to a large one, the large male rushed to it immediately and the small male retreated quickly, without having body contact.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDDFF1705DDFBAA9637.taxon	description	Figs 6, 7, 23 – 26	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDDFF1705DDFBAA9637.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype. China: Anhui: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ Yuexi Couty, Yaoluoping Village, 17. VII. 2007 – 4. VIII. 2007, coll. Ba Yi-Bing, Lang Jun-Tong & Wang Feng-Yan ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium spinatum / Tang & Li ” Figures 6 – 9. Adult habitus of Scaphidium. 6, 7 S. spinatum 8, ‹ S. laxum. Scales = 1 mm. [red handwritten label] (HBUM). Paratypes. 6 males, 12 females, same data as for the holotype (male, female in SHNU, rest in HBUM). BL: 5.9 – 7.3 mm, ED: 0.27 – 0.32. mm, PL / PW of male: 0.78 – 0.80, PL / PW of female: 0.75 – 0.79. Similar to S. grande in most respects, but differs in the following characters: antennal club (Figs 25) relatively stouter; most punctures on head well delimited, connected by weakly confluent traces; apical portion of elytra indistinctly impressed; male profemora (Figs 26) with inner side expanded gradually from base forming an acute angle at apical third, tubercles smaller and sparser; male tibiae (Figs 26) with two widest points forming a blunt and a sharp angle on inner side at about apical 1 / 5 and apical end respectively; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 23, 24.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDDFF1705DDFBAA9637.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Anhui). Diagnoses. This species can be easily distinguished from other member of the species complex by its small body size.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA032FFDDFF1705DDFBAA9637.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin adjective “ spinatum ” refers to the spined male profemora of the new species. Biological notes. All specimens were collected from a log covered with fungi.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFDDFF1701D8FE3A934B.taxon	description	Figs 8, 9, 27 – 30	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFDDFF1701D8FE3A934B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype. China: Yunnan: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ China, Yunnan, Nabanhe N. R., Benggangxinzhai, alt. 1750 m, 3. V. 2009, Hu Jia-Yao & Yin Zi-Wei leg ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium laxum / Tang & Li ” [red handwritten label] (SHNU). Paratype. female, same as for the holotype. (SHNU) BL: 8.9 – 9.4 mm, ED: 0.33 – 0.35 mm, PL / PW of male: 0.75, PL / PW of female: 0.69. Similar to S. grande in most respects, but differs in the following characters: body form slightly wider, posterior-lateral angles of pronotum more prominent; male profemora (Figs 30) with inner side expanded gradually from base to form a blunt angle at apical third, tubercles smaller and sparser; male tibiae (Figs 30) more incurved; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 27, 28.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFDDFF1701D8FE3A934B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin adjective “ laxum ” refers to the broad body form of the new species. Biological notes. Specimens were collected from a log covered with white fungi while mating (Fig 44).	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFD2FF1704C4FB8093A7.taxon	description	Figs 10, 11, 31 – 34	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFD2FF1704C4FB8093A7.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype. China: Yunnan: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ China, Yunnan, Hekou, Yaoshan, N 22 ° 49 ’ 435 ”, E 103 ° 44 ’ 611 ”, alt. 1345 m, 22. VII. 2006, Huang Hao leg. ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium inflexitibiale / Tang & Li ” [red handwritten label] (SHNU). BL: 10.1 mm, ED: 0.33 mm, PL / PW of male: 0.75. Similar to S. grande in most respects, but differs in the following characters: body form slightly wider, posterior-lateral angles of pronotum more prominent; male profemora (Figs 34) longer, tubercles smaller, ventral row of tubercles indistinct; male tibiae (Figs 34) longer and more incurved; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 31, 32.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA030FFD2FF1704C4FB8093A7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is a combination of the Latin words “ inflexi ” and “ tibia ” referring to the incurved male tibia. Figures Ι 0 – Ι 3. Adult habitus of Scaphidium. Ι 0, ΙΙ S. inflexitibiale ΙΙ, Ι 2 S. reni. Scales = 1 mm.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03FFFD0FF170574FDD89231.taxon	description	Figs 12, 13, 35 – 38	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03FFFD0FF170574FDD89231.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype. CHINA: Guizhou: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ China, Guizhou, Leigongshan N. R., Lianhuaping, alt. 1550 – 1680 m, 13 – 14. IX. 2005, coll. Zhou Zhong-Hui ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium reni / Tang & Li ” [red handwritten label] (SHNU). Paratypes. CHINA: Guizhou: 6 males, 4 females, Leigongshan N. R., Linchang, 13 – 14. IX. 2005, coll. Liu Hao-Yu, Wang Ji-Liang & Gao Chao (male, female in SHNU, rest in HBUM). Figures Ι 4 – 22. Ι 4 – Ι 8 Scaphidium grande Ι 9 – 22 S. longum. Ι 4 aedeagus (Yunnan) Ι 5 internal sac in detail (Hainan) Ι 6 internal sac in detail (Fujian) Ι 7, 2 Ι antenna Ι 8, 22 male front leg in ventral view Ι 9 aedeagus 20 internal sac in detail. Scales = 0.25 mm (Ι 4 – Ι 6, Ι 9, 20), scales = 1 mm (Ι 7, Ι 8, Ι 9, 20). BL: 6.8 – 9.5 mm, ED: 0.29 – 0.37. mm, PL / PW of male: 0.76 – 0.79, PL / PW of female: 0.72 – 0.75. Similar to S. grande in most respects, but differs in the following characters: mesofemora and metafemora black without reddish fascia; body form a little wider; male profemora (Figs 38) with smaller tubercles; male tibiae (Figs 38) more incurved; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 35, 36.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03FFFD0FF170574FDD89231.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guizhou). Diagnoses. Scaphidium reni is extremely similar to the following new species S. liui; for differences see description of the latter. This species may be easily distinguished from other members of grande-complex by mesofemora and metafemore totally black without reddish fascia. Figures 23 – 30. 23 – 26 Scaphidium spinatum 27 – 30 S. laxum. 23, 27 aedeagus 24, 28 internal sac in detail 25, 29 antenna 26, 30 male front leg in ventral view. Scales = 0.25 mm (23, 24, 27, 28), scales = 1 mm (25, 26, 29, 30).	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03FFFD0FF170574FDD89231.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Ren Guo-Dong, who kindly provided specimens of Scaphidium.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03DFFD1FF1705DDFBE391FD.taxon	description	Figs 39 – 42	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03DFFD1FF1705DDFBE391FD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype: CHINA: Xizang: male, glued on a board with labels as follows: “ Xizang, Motuo County, Yadong, alt. 1250 m, 25. V. 1980, coll. Jin Gen-Tao & Wu Jian-Yi ” “ NO. 24205538 ” “ Holotype / Scaphidium liui / Tang & Li ” [red Figures 3 Ι – 38. 3 Ι – 34 Scaphidium inflexitibiale 35 – 38 S. reni. 3 Ι, 35 aedeagus 32, 36 internal sac in detail 33, 37 antenna 34, 38 male front leg in ventral view. Scales = 0.25 mm (3 Ι, 32, 35, 36), scales = 1 mm (33, 34, 37, 38). handwritten label] (SEM). Paratypes. CHINA: Xizang: female, Motuo Couty, Kabu, 1070 m, 14. V. 1980, coll. Jin Gen-Tao & Wu Jian-Yi (NO. 24205537, SEM). BL: 8.0 – 9.1 mm, ED: 0.36 – 0.40 mm, PL / PW of male: 0.79, PL / PW of female: 0.76. Extremely similar to S. reni sp. n., differing only in the following characters: body form slightly narrower; last antennal segment light brown in about apical third; apical portion of elytra indistinctly impressed; internal sac of aedeagus as in Figs 39, 40.	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
039187EAA03DFFD1FF1705DDFBE391FD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xizang). Diagnoses. This new species was wrongly recorded as S. dureli Achard, 1922 in He et al., 2009. Scaphidium dureli is now known only from the type locality “ British	en	Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen (2010): On Scaphidium grande-complex (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae). ZooKeys 43 (43): 65-78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.43.447
