identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039E355D642DFFA58F9CF8F3FA72FB4E.text	039E355D642DFFA58F9CF8F3FA72FB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha	<div><p>Key to main species groups in Calligrapha</p><p>The current study focuses on a single important group of species typical from Central America, the Calligrapha argus group. I was able to diagnose the group in the context of the whole phenotypic diversity represented by species currently recognized as part of Calligrapha . Below I provide a tentative, pragmatic key to recognize the main morphological groups in Calligrapha based on characters easy to distinguish, mostly on elytral designs. These characters are not to be confused with colour variation, which may be perceived as an inferior character for taxonomic assessment, due to colour polymorphisms known to reflect intraspecific variation or response to environmental factors in many insects (Quicke 1993, p. 38). Elytral patterns in Calligrapha represent in fact several complex structural characters which proved to have strong systematic value, given their covariation with other character systems, and also confirmed based on preliminary molecular phylogenetic results (Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita 2014). For the nomenclature and positions of elytral markings, I refer to Gómez-Zurita et al. (2004) and Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita (2013).</p><p>1 Claws fused at base (Fig. 2 a). Nearctic and Central American group............... Group of C. (Zygospila) suturalis (F.)</p><p>- Claws divergent at base (Fig. 2 b). Nearctic and Neotropical groups.............................................. 2</p><p>2 Hypomeral suture obliterated (Fig. 2 c) and elytra striped (Fig. 2 e)............................................... 3</p><p>- Hypomeral suture deep, running nearly parallel ventrally to pronotal margin (Fig. 2 d) or if obliterated, then elytra spotted (Fig. 2 f)................................................................................................. 4</p><p>3 Last maxillary palpomere subquadrate, at least as wide as apex of previous palpomere. Penis broad, with conspicuous median tooth at apex. Distributed in North America, north of Mexico ........................... Group of C. bidenticola Brown</p><p>- Last maxillary palpomere oblong, longer than wide and clearly narrower than apex of previous palpomere. Penis slender, with rounded apical end. Distributed in South America ...................................... Group of C. curvilinea Stål</p><p>4 Pattern of pale spots on dark background (Fig. 2 g). Central American species only, from Mexico to Nicaragua. (One species in North America with pale spots, C. pnirsa Stål, belongs to the C. philadelphica group).................................................................................................... Group of C. vigintimaculata (Chevrolat)</p><p>- Pattern of dark spots on pale background (Fig. 2 h).......................................................... 5</p><p>5 Two spots enclosed by humeral lunule, longitudinally arranged (Fig. 2 j). Distal end of flagellum of transversal U-shaped pro- file (Fig. 1 d). Species present in Central America, from Mexico to Panama ................. Group of C. labyrinthica Stål</p><p>- Spot enclosed by humeral lunule simple (Fig. 2 i). Distal end of flagellum shaped differently......................... 6</p><p>6 Subhumeral spot present (Fig. 2 k). Distal end of flagellum as flattened disc with central orifice (Fig. 1 c). Species in the south- ern Nearctic and Neotropical regions, from Mexico to Argentina ....................... Group of C. polyspila (Germar)</p><p>- Subhumeral spot absent (Fig. 2 l). Distal end of flagellum with deep V-shaped or U-shaped ventral emargination (Figs 1 a, 1b).................................................................................................... 7</p><p>7 Hypomeral suture deep, running nearly parallel to pronotal border (Fig. 2 d)...................................... 8</p><p>- Hypomeral suture obliterated (Fig. 2 c). Distributed in North America, north of Mexico ...... Group of C. philadelphica (L.)</p><p>8 Striped elytra (Fig. 2 e). Western Nearctic species................................... Group of C. dislocata (Rogers)</p><p>- Spotted elytra, with pattern of dark spots on pale background (Fig. 2 f). Species in the southern Nearctic and Neotropical regions, from southern USA to Venezuela ................................................ Group of C. argus Stål</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D642DFFA58F9CF8F3FA72FB4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D642EFFAB8F9CFAB4FA72F916.text	039E355D642EFFAB8F9CFAB4FA72F916.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha argus	<div><p>Key to species in the group of Calligrapha argus</p><p>The group of C. argus currently comprises fourteen species, including two new species described in this work, and one taxon proposed as subspecies. All species can be distinguished by their particular and relatively constant arrangements and shape of elytral spots, as well as coloration in one case. I paid particular attention to the median lobe of the aedeagus (= penis) in these species, based on the idea that this structure usually provides valuable characters for taxonomic identification in insects (e.g., Sharp &amp; Muir 1912; Shapiro &amp; Porter 1989; Schilthuizen 2003). However, in practice, at the assayed level of inquiry, intraspecific variability for this complex character system overlaps with interspecific variability, particularly among closely related species, where this character would prove more useful. The penis in this species group has few prominent features to seek for diagnostic characters and has a rather constant shape characterized by a slightly flattened, ventrally concave tubular shape, gradually tappering in lateral view and widening in dorsal view at apical third, strangled preapically, before an explanate more or less regularly convex apical border with the characteristic lateral denticles, which always have their tips marking the widest point of the penis in dorsal view. Small differences overlapping between species can be seen in the size and proportions, the degree of curvature of the apical border, the retraction and projection of lateral denticles, or the degree of preapical enlargement, among others. However, the latter may have some important value in the supraspecific systematic arrangement of the species group investigated here, as assessed a posteriori based on covariation with other characters. In particular, in C. argus and close allies the preapical enlargement is more pronounced than in other species, whereby the transversal distance between the basal curvatures of lateral denticles is conspicuously wider than the transversal width of penis medially. The spermatheca of all species examined for this structure were essentially identical except for differences in size, matching the description available for other species (Gómez-Zurita et al. 2004; Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita 2013); therefore, it has not been investigated systematically in this study.</p><p>I determined and compiled label information for 2,135 Calligrapha specimens belonging to this group found in the collections above. This lineage is distributed from the southern parts of the California-Rocky Mountain domain in the Southern Nearctic (two species) to the northern regions of the Caribbean NW South American domain in the Neotropics (three species) following the classifications of Morrone (2006) and Escalante et al. (2010, 2013). However the highest species diversity (ten out of 14 species) is concentrated in the Mexican Transition Zone and the Caribbean Mesoamerican domains, and all the species can be found in the latter. The species in the group can be subdivided in three main subgroups, including these of C. diversa, without midlateral spot (Fig. 12), C. multipustulata, generally with numerous additional spots on disc of elytra and spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, occupying most of the space between humeral lunule and subsutural stripe (Fig. 3), and C. argus (Fig. 6).</p><p>1 Midlateral spot present (Figs 2 k, 2l)..................................................................... 2</p><p>- Midlateral spot absent................................................................................. 11</p><p>2 With many dark spots on disc, generally occupying most of elytral surface (Fig. 3 a); spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, ovoid, generally occupying most of the available space, emargined anteriorly or encircling a small pale area (Figs 3 a, 3b, 3c); penis moderately enlarged preapically, narrowed before lateral denticles to average width of median lobe (Fig. 4)......... 3</p><p>- Fewer, smaller and generally less contiguous spots on disc (Figs 6, 12); spot enclosed by humeral lunule roundish, smaller, less confined; penis conspicuously enlarged preapically, with base of lateral denticles more distant than with of penis at middle (Fig 9)................................................................................................. 6</p><p>3 Midlateral spot narrow, elongated, free from margin or narrowly reaching it medially through dark suffusions (Figs 3 a, 3b, 3c).................................................................................................... 4</p><p>- Midlateral spot broadly confluent with elytral margin (Figs 2 l, 3d).............................. C. multipustulata Stål</p><p>4 Large spots on disc (Figs 3 b, 3c, 3d)....................................................................... 5</p><p>- Numerous small irregular spots on disc (Fig. 3 a)............................................... C. consputa Stål</p><p>5 Very narrow longitudinal midlateral spot (Fig. 3 b)....................................... C. geographica s. str. Stål</p><p>- Elongated but medially thickened midlateral spot, narrowly confluent with margin of elytron (Fig. 3 c)................................................................................... C. geographica ssp. famularis Stål stat. nov.</p><p>6 Midlateral spot free; basal end of arcuate band blunt (Fig. 6d); legs bicoloured..................... C. fulvitarsis Jacoby</p><p>- Midlateral spot confluent with margin; basal end of arcuate band divergent, separated from subsutural stripe (Figs 6a, 6b, 6c, 6e, 6f); legs unicoloured................................................................................ 7</p><p>7 Spot enclosed by humeral lunule largely confluent laterally with humeral lunule; apex of arcuate band long, hook-like (Fig. 6f)....................................................................................... C. ancoralis Stål</p><p>- Spot enclosed by humeral lunule free; apex of arcuate band short, round (Figs 6a, 6b, 6c, 6e).......................... 8</p><p>8 Spot enclosed by humeral lunule and spots on disc of elytra very small; humeral marking short, ending posteriorly well ahead of basal end of arcuate band; apex of arcuate band of irregular profile; blackish colouration to dark parts (Fig. 6a)............................................................................................... C. ramulifera Stål</p><p>- Spot enclosed by humeral lunule and discal spots larger; humeral marking longer, ending at level with basal end of arcuate band; apex of arcuate band rounded...................................................................... 9</p><p>9 Reddish colouration to dark parts (Fig. 6b)........................................................ C. argus Stål</p><p>- Blackish colouration to dark parts...................................................................... 10</p><p>10 Base of subsutural stripe nearly entirely confluent with sutural stripe (Fig. 6c).................... C. catarinae sp. nov.</p><p>- Base of subsutural stripe divergent and separated for relatively long distance from sutural stripe (Figs 6e, 11)................................................................................................. C. anabelae sp. nov.</p><p>11 Arcuate band completely separated from subsutural stripe (Fig. 12 b)............................. C. elegantula Jacoby</p><p>- Arcuate band largely confluent with subsutural stripe........................................................ 12</p><p>12 Apical spot on elytra present. Eight or nine free round markings on elytra...................................... 13</p><p>- Apical spot on elytra absent. Maculation much reduced..................................................... 14</p><p>13 Base of sutural marking broad, blunt; maculation heavier (Fig. 12 e)................................. C. simillima Stål</p><p>- Base of sutural marking narrower, with slightly divergent end of subsutural stripe (Fig. 12 d)............... C. diversa Stål</p><p>14 Five small free round markings on apical half of elytra (Fig. 12 c)...................................... C. sylvia Stål</p><p>- Additional markings on elytra missing (Fig. 12 a)............................................... C. aeneopicta Stål</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D642EFFAB8F9CFAB4FA72F916	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6420FFAD8F9CF94CFB48FBAF.text	039E355D6420FFAD8F9CF94CFB48FBAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha multipustulata Stal 1859	<div><p>Calligrapha multipustulata Stål, 1859</p><p>Stål, C. 1859: 325.</p><p>(Figs 2 l, 3d, 4a, 4d, 5)</p><p>Chrysomela multipustulata: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 275.</p><p>Calligrapha multipustulata: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3433. Calligrapha multipustulata: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 197. Calligrapha multipustulata: Jacoby, 1892, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, suppl., p. 244.</p><p>Chrysomela multipustulata: Dugés, 1901, Cat. Col. Coleópt. Mex., p. 97.</p><p>Polyspila multipustulata: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 41.</p><p>Calligrapha multipustulata: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha multipustulata: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 67.</p><p>The specimens seemingly available to C. Stål to describe the species are nowadays in the NHM and NRM beetle collections. I selected as lectotype one of the specimens at NHM, from Mexico, and previously belonging into J. Sturm’s collection, and retained by A. Sallé as a new species. Another specimen at NHM is identified as Stål’s type, but it is slightly smaller than originally reported in the species description and from Guatemala (“Guatim” in the label), not from Mexico, given as type locality.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Ex Coll. J. Sturm, Mexico [illegible] / C. punctata Mihi / Mexico Sallé Coll. / Calligrapha multipustulata Stål apud Sallé / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 3 d). Length: 10.3 mm, width: 6.3 mm. Body elongated oval, parallel sided and moderately convex. Head, mandibles, basal antennal segments dorsally, apical segments entirely, pronotum, scutellum, elytral markings, epipleura, ventral surfaces and legs black with dull bronzy metallic sheen; labrum, basal segments of antennae underneath, mouth pieces and knees dark reddish; pale areas of elytra dark yellow, with creamy yellow areas surrounding dark markings.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; surface finely microreticulate with moderately dense punctures; frons convex, frontal suture weakly impressed, except at junction with broadly V-shaped clypeal suture. Eyes dorsoventrally elongated, with supraocular furrow deep, sinuous, running from antennal calli shortly behind upper eye margin. Antennae short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick, posteriorly curved; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous, second half as long as first, third as long as first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth nearly as long as second; antennomeres 6–11 thicker, rugose and pubescent, lengthening gradually, latest as long as first; eighth antennomere 0.8x as wide as long. Labrum relatively small, weakly emarginate anteriorly, with long lateral and apical pale yellowish setae. Mandibles large and sturdy, strongly projecting beyond labrum; punctured, sides subparallel before strong apical curvature. Last maxillary palpomeres trapezoidal, very broad apically, obliquely truncate; previous papomere broader at apex, as broad as last segment basally. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.93), wider basally than apically; sides narrowly margined, parallel at basal half, regularly curved towards strongly produced anterior angles; anterior border feebly concave, narrowly margined; posterior border convex; surface microreticulate, with scattered minute punctures and rather dense, relatively strong punctures on all surface, becoming very strong, deep and confluent at sides; produced anterior angles unpunctured; some elongated punctures confluent with basal border at sides; trichobothria at anterior angles bent laterally backwards and slightly upwards, laterally forwards at posterior angles. Hypomera microreticulate, unpunctured, transversally wrinkled basally; hypomeral suture deep, broad, from near basal margin of pronotum to basis of anterior angles, gently curved, very slightly diverging from pronotal border. Prosternum microreticulate, densely and strongly punctured at posterior half, unpunctured but with numerous longitudinal scratches at anterior half; process narrow between coxae, short, slightly expanded towards weakly convex apex. Mesanepisterna microreticulate, with weakly impressed punctures and faint longitudinal wrinkles medially. Metanepisterna finely microreticulate, densely punctured with roundish punctures anteriorly and longitudinally elongated punctures elsewhere. Scutellum finely microreticulate, unpunctured, longer than wide at base (W/L=0.83) with blunt round apex. Elytral surface very finely microreticulate, almost smooth, with dense minute darkened punctures on pale areas; inner areas of dark markings mostly unpunctured; premarginal line of punctures and scutellar line present. Markings: (i) sutural stripe entire, broadly surrounding scutellum, gradually narrowed apically; (ii) subsutural stripe entire, relatively narrow, with basal end at level with apex of scutellum and separated from sutural stripe by 1/9 of its length; slightly broadened preapically; (iii) arcuate band nearly entirely confluent with subsutural stripe laterally, except briefly at both ends, gently curved outwards; basal end as slightly divergent roundish lobe, apical end irregular, confluent preapically with irregular discal spot; (iv) humeral spot elongated, with somewhat irregular profile, broader apically, partially confluent basally for 1/3 of its length with (v) humeral lunule; apical divergent arm of lunule ending slightly beyond and well separated from basal end of arcuate band; humeral marking detached from dark basal margin of elytron; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, nearly circular, seemingly composed of two transversally arranged, longitudinally elongated spots connected apically but not basally, appearing as an anterior emargination of the roundish marking; (vii) midlateral spot large, subrectangular, laterally confluent with dark margin of elytron (Fig. 1 l); (viii) spot of apical declivity large, longitudinally elongated and broadly confluent laterally with preapical enlargement of subsutural stripe; (ix) apical spot relatively small, irregularly shaped, free; (x) about 13 additional medium to small sized irregular markings on disc, in some cases connected to each other or broken in smaller spots: three in oblique row behind humeral markings, innermost largest and laterally confluent with prebasal area of arcuate band. Epipleura smooth, unpunctured. Femora smooth, shiny, with scattered small punctures, stronger towards apex. Tibiae with subquadrangular transversal profile in apical half, longitudinally carinated at interior angles, granulose at apical third externally, with dense, short golden setae; broadly furrowed externally by midlength. Abdominal segments shiny, finely punctured basally and laterally, with round foveae laterally. Penis as figured in Figs 4 a, 4d.</p><p>Distribution. Species amply distributed from the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuaha to the north of Nicaragua, following the Pacific mountain chains in Central America (Fig. 5, black circles). C. multipustulata is distributed in the Mexican Transition and Caribbean Mesoamerican domains.</p><p>Material examined (192 specimens).</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>NHM: (1) one specimen: Guatim, multipustulata Stål, Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle, Baly Coll., multipustulata Stål Mexico, Guatemala [underneath: Type Stål Col. Deyrolle]. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: V. de Atitlan 25–3000 ft. Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2012.</p><p>HONDURAS</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: 11964, 30-12-77, Muchilena, Hond., J.V. Mankins Collector, Calligrapha diversa Det. 1977, J.V. Mankins, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 5.5 mi NE Tecolotlán, 13 vii 1982, A.J. Gilbert, det. Daccordi ’86; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Cuernavaca, Dr. A. Fenyes; (3) two specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, El Aguacero, 14 vi 1988, D.B. &amp; A.M. Thomas, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) ten specimens1: Mexico, Morelos, Cañón de Lobos, 19 km E Cuernavaca, 1220–1375 m, 3 vii 1992, C. Bellamy; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Puebla, 5 km NW Petlacingo 1400 m, 7 vii 1992, C. Bellamy, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-</p><p>1. These specimens are not like typical C. multipustulata, with large confluent spots on elytra, which are mostly dark.</p><p>Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 8 km S Mazatlán 1130m, 29 vi 1992, C. Bellamy, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Nayarit, 3 km WNW Jala 3800 ft, 24 vii 1993, C. Bellamy, tropical thorn forest, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 3.3 km Cacahuamilpa 1495 m, 2 vii 1992, C. Bellamy, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 6 km S El Tuito, 26 vii 1993, tropical deciduous forest, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Sonora, Hwy 16, 20.1mi E Rio Yaqui 3010 ft, 26–27 vii 1987, S. McCleve, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, torres microondas-Tequila rd, 10 vii 1992, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Colima, 11.3 mi S Colima, 27 vi 1983, B.K. Dozier, Calligrapha multipustulata Stal Det. J. Watts 1993; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 6 km W El Veintidos, 20 x 1984, E. Giesbert; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Nayarit, San Blas, 5 vii 1972, K. Stephan; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Colima, rd to El Terrero 3–5000’, 3–5 x 1992, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha multipustulata Stal Det. E.G. Riley 1994; (5) two specimens: Mexico, Jalisco, 14 km SW Cocula, 28 ix 1991, J.E. Wappes; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 10 km N Iguala 3800–4300’, 19–21 ix 1989, J.E. Wappes; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Union Juarez, NE slope Volcan Tacana 1920 m, ex. lrg. bromeliads, montane trop. forest, 18 xii 1975, H.E. Frania &amp; J. Belicek, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 1 mi E Acatlan, 14 vi 1987, B.K. Dozier; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Sonora, 9 mi W Alamos, 29 vii 1984, B.K. Dozier. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, Höge, Calligrapha multipustulata Stal; (2) three specimens: Cuernavaca, Mexico [one with: ix; one with: vi]; (3) two specimens: Mex. [one with: Cal. multipustulata]; (4) one specimen: Huauchinango, Mexico; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Calligrapha multipunctata, F.C. Bowditch Collection; (6) one specimen: Cuern. Mex. R.6.99, July 6, 99, F.A. Eddy Collection; (7) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mex. R.IX, 2–26.01, F.A. Eddy Collection; (8) one specimen: Cerro de Plumas, Mexico, Hoege, Ex Godman and Salvin; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Michoacan, Uruapan, 15 km S, 22/June/1993, leg. D. Furth, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (10) five specimens: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (11) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, June, H.H.S., Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (12) one specimen: Omiltema, Guerrero 8000 ft, July, H.H. Smith, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (13) one specimen: Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mex., 6/26.1903, J.F. McClendon; (14) three specimens: Cuernavaca, Mexico; (15) one specimen: Iosci [?], Mexico; (16) one specimen: Durango, Mex. MfN: (1) two specimens: Zapotlan 11 [one without label]; (2) one specimen: 29790, Mexico, Sch.; (3) six specimens: Tepetlapa [one with:? multipustulata St.]; (4) four specimens: Durango City [one with: 584]; (5) one specimen: San Blas; (6) one specimen: 50, Mexico, Heyne V.; (7) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, 96378, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Flohr. NHM: (1) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 639, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål apud Sallé, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Chry. multipustulata Stål, Mexico, Mexique mocquerys, 67–56 [x2]; (3) two specimens: Cuernavaca vi.1934, Mexico, Coll. H.E. Hinton, Hinton Coll. B.M. 1939–583; (4) one specimen: Cuernavaca VI-1934 Mex., H.E. Hinton Collector, Hinton Coll. B.M. 1939–583; (5) six specimens: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: Calligrapha multipustulata]; (6) one specimen: Ventanas, Mex., 2000ft., Forrer, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Morelos, Cuernavaca vi.1934, ca. 5000ft, H.E. Hinton, B.M. 1959-100; (8) one specimen: Tejupilco, Mex., Temascaltepec, ca. 4000ft. 1933, B.M. 1959-100, H.E. Hinton, R.L. Usinger Collectors; (9) two specimens: Acapulco, Guerrero, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (10) one specimen: Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.- Amer.; (11) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (12) one specimen: Sept., Morelos, Mexico, Koebele, 151, R.C.L. Perkins, B.M. 1942-95; (13) two specimens: Truqui, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100 [one with: 23841]; (14) one specimen: ex Mus. Murray, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100; (15) one specimen: Chiapas, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha multipunctata Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMB: (1) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Polyspila multipustulata, Calligrapha multipustulata St., J. Bechyné det. 1951; (2) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge. NMCZ: (1) two specimens: Mexico, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) one specimen: Cuernavaca, multipustulata Stål Mexico, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) two specimens: Tepetlapa, Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (4) one specimen: Tepetlapa, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (5) one specimen: Mexique, multipustulata Stål, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (6) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Calligrapha multipustulata J. Achard det. in BCA, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (7) one specimen: Tepet, Sierra de Durango, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (8) one specimen: Sierra de Durango, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMHN: (1) two specimens: Colima Vulcano, Mex., L. Conrad [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stal F. Monrós det. 1953, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) one specimen: Mexico, San Francisco, 3.i.1939, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha diversa Stal F. Monrós det. 1954, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, 384, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. Ser., Calligrapha argus (Stal) Det. C.L. Staines 2004, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mex., Dr. A. Fenyes, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha consputa Stal F. Monrós det. 1957, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Morelos, Teopztlan, ix.945, Coll. Halffter, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: Mex., Guerro., Hwy 134, 55 km NE Villa de Zaragoza, vii-14,16-85, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha sp. Det. E.G. Riley ’86, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (7) one specimen: Ocotlan, Jalisco, Mex., viii.1910, Van Dyke Collection, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (8) six specimens: Colima Vulcano, Mex., L. Conrad [one with: Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (9) two specimens: Mazatlan, Sin., Mex., Kusche, 15–17.ix. ’18, B.P. Clark donor [one with: Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (10) one specimen: Venedio [El Venadillo], Sinaloa, Mex., vii.31.1918, VanDyke collection, Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) seven specimens: Venodio [El Venadillo], Sin., Mex., Kusche, B.P. Clark donor [two with: vi.27; two with: vi.28; two with: vi.28, Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; one with: vii.5, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Sinaloa, 38.7 mi N Concordia, Rte 40, ca. 5000’, bromeliads, i.12.66, D.R. Whitehead; (13) one specimen: Mexico, Chihuahua, San Rafael, Cuiteco Rd. 27º 28.111N 107º 56.597W, 10 July 2006, 1870 m, leg. David G. Furth; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Morelos, Cuernavaca, viii-1-44, N.L.H. Krauss, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, ix.1965, N.L.H. Krauss; (16) one specimen: Tepic, Mex., vi.24.40, L.W. Saylor; (17) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge; (18) one specimen: Almolonga, Mexico, Hoege; (19) one specimen: Cerro de Plumas, Mexico, Hoege, 382, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series, Calligrapha sp. Det. C.L. Staines 2004; (20) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mex., June, A. Fenyes Collection, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (21) one specimen: Mexico, Mor., Cuernavaca, 9 August 1944, N.L.H. Krauss, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (22) one specimen: on orchidaceae Mex., 9.20.’39 San Francisco, Cal. 16228; (23) one specimen: Mex., Morelos, 5.4 mi E Cuernavaca 4600’, pedregal, xi.25.65, George E. Ball, D.R. Whitehead collectors; (24) one specimen: Mexico, 20.ii.1970, J.E. Gilbert, Bromeliad Lot 70-5257, Calligrapha sp. det. R.E. White; (25) one specimen: Mexico, Durango, 4.iv.1966, Pk McMillan, orchids Lot66-10423, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NRM: (1) three specimens: Mexico, Sallé [one with: Calligrapha multipustulata Stål, 1859, J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2007]. OSAC: (1) two specimens: Mexico, Sinaloa, Mazatlán, 26 vi 1967, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: Cerro de Plumas, Mexico, Hoege, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2012; (2) one specimen: Almolonga, Mexico, Hoege, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2012. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: [X0534002, X0534755], Mexico, Nayarit, Hwy 200, 29 mi S Tepic, 6 vii 1984, P. Jump &amp; S. McCleve colls., Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: X0534056, Mexico, Nayarit, 5.7 km E Peñita de Jaltemba, 31 vii 1991, C.L. Bellamy, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: X0534642, Mexico, Jalisco, 7.4 km S El Tuito, 1 viii 1991, C.L. Bellamy, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: X0534900, Mexico, Oaxaca, 26 mi N Tehuantepec, 29 viii 1965, A.R. Gillogly, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: X0535267, Mexico, Michoacán, 10 mi S Uruapan, 29 vii 1988, Ferreira &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: X0535765, Mexico, Morelos, 5 mi E Cuernavaca, 29 vii 1981, Peter M. Jump, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen: X0539314, Mexico, Jalisco, 11 mi N Autlan, 6 vii 1984, Carroll, Schaffner &amp; Friedlander, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen: X0542127, Mexico, Sinaloa, Mazatlan, 26 vii 1970, A.W. Tuttle, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (9) one specimen: X0549255, Mexico, Colima, W rd to El Terrero, 10 iii–10 v 1992, James E. Wappes, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) one specimen: Oaxaca 15, Polyspila geographica Stal, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) twelve specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue 1918 [one with: Calligrapha multipustulata Stål det. Dr. J. Bechyné 1949]; (3) one specimen: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue 20.6.1918; (4) one specimen: Vulcan Colima, Mexico 1918, Coll. Joh. Laue, Esperanza 1000 m; (5) five specimens: Mexico, Tapalpa 25-5-82, leg. Fittkau [one with: Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011].</p><p>NICARAGUA</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: Consequina [Cosigüina] Slope, Nicaragua, vii.7.32, M. Willows Jr. Collector, Templeton Crocker Exped. 1932, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MCZ: (1) two specimens: 1st Jacoby Coll. MfN: (1) two specimens: multipustulata St. [one without label].</p><p>Variation. Some specimens seem to be less melanised than the type in several respects, not matching the most usual configuration of markings for the species, including a largely separated humeral spot and lunule (seen in the Guatemalan specimen at NHM, and also in NMB specimens at G. Frey collection), which are most usually confluent at least for 2/3 of the length of the humeral spot; the humeral markings nearly always reach the basal margin of elytra, even if narrowly in some specimens. In one specimen from Guadalajara, Mexico (MZC), the basal part of the humeral spot is missing, but not so the apical part, and the humeral lunule is also split in two halves, so that the humeral marking appears as three free spots at obtuse angles. The spot enclosed by the humeral lunule can have its two constituent longitudinal spots free, with only apices confluent forming a U shape, with only basal ends free appearing as an emargination, or closed at both ends but not in the middle, enclosing a small pale marking. At least in two specimens at MfN and two at ZSM the midlateral spot is very reduced, almost obsolete, and those at NMB have this spot reduced and only narrowly touching the margin of elytron; in the specimens from Sinaloa (NMNH), slightly different from typical C. multipustulata [I originally determined some of them as C. geographica], this feature is large and confluent with elytral margin, but it is narrowed before reaching it. A few specimens have a slightly violaceous tint to dark parts instead of the typical greenish bronze.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6420FFAD8F9CF94CFB48FBAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6427FFB38F9CFF06FAE0FC51.text	039E355D6427FFB38F9CFF06FAE0FC51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha consputa Stal 1860	<div><p>Calligrapha consputa Stål, 1860</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 3 a, 4c, 4f, 5)</p><p>Chrysomela consputa: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 275.</p><p>Calligrapha consputa: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3432. Calligrapha consputa: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 196. Calligrapha consputa: Dugés, 1901, Cat. Col. Coleópt. Mex., p. 97.</p><p>Polyspila consputa: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 39.</p><p>Calligrapha consputa: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha consputa: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha consputa: Burgos-Solorio &amp; Anaya-Rosales, 2004, Acta Zool. Mex. 20(3), p. 46.</p><p>Holotype: Oaxaca / Sallé / Type / Typus [red] (NRM). The holotype lacks seven apical antennomeres of right antenna and the claws of the right mesotarsus appear broken.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 3 a). Length: 9.00 mm, width: 5.86 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, base of mandibles, pronotum, scutellum, ventral surfaces and legs black with bronzy metallic gloss. Labrum, basal antennomeres ventrally, apex of clypeus, apex of mandibles, knees, claws, epipleura and elytral markings dark rufous. Apical antennomeres and dorsum of basal antennomeres darkened. Abdominal segments with rufous tint. Ground of elytra creamy yellow.</p><p>Head sparsely punctured, smooth on antennal calli; supraocular sulci impressed, long, from antennal calli reaching well behind the eye; clypeal suture broadly U-shaped. Antennae slender but short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick, posteriorly curved; antennomeres 2–6 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous, second less than half as long as first, third nearly as long as first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, but sixth longer than second, and segments lengthening gradually beyond sixth antennomere, latest longer than first; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, and 8–11 rugose and pubescent; eighth antennomere 0.65x as wide as long. Labrum relatively short, emarginate anteriorly. Mandibles strong, largely protruding beyond labrum; external border feebly concave. Last segment of maxillary palpi large, with sides divergent, truncated obliquely at apex. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.77), margined laterally and apically; surface microreticulate; rather densely, strongly punctured on disc, punctures larger, confluent towards sides. Hypomeral suture strongly impressed, not reaching base of pronotum basaly and gradually diverging from pronotal border towards apex; hypomera shagreened, unpunctured. Prosternal process truncated at apex; longitudinally carinated. Metanepisterna strongly punctured. Metaventrite with few relatively strong basal punctures, homogeneously sparse fine punctures elsewhere. Scutellum short (W/L=0.96), flat and smooth, microreticulate. Elytral punctures strong around and within markings; pale surface almost unpunctured except for premarginal dense row of finer punctures; scutellar row present. Elytral margin dark; numerous dark markings on elytra, most prominent being: (i) sutural stripe entire, width nearly constant from base, surrounding scutellum, to sudden preapical narrowing; (ii) subsutural stripe entire, confluent with sutural stripe from scutellar area nearly to elytral apex; (iii) basal arm of arcuate band slightly oblique, largely confluent with subsutural stripe; apical arm of arcuate band slightly divergent from suture as irregular spot connected to subsutural stripe; (iv) humeral spot large, irregularly delimited apically owing to confluence with additional minor markings; (v) humeral lunule large, confluent with humeral spot at basal half; apical half obliquely produced towards suture, surpassing posteriorly basal end of arcuate band; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, occupying most of space between lunule and subsutural stripe, ovoid with loosely defined basal margin and enclosing a small pale spot; (vii) spot of apical declivity large, irregular, connected to subsutural stripe by dark suffusions; (viii) apical spot present and irregularly delimited; (ix) midlateral spot elliptical and elongated (covering eight premarginal line punctures), free from elytral dark margin; (x) most of free area of elytra occupied by many marks and spots of heterogeneous sizes and shapes; pale area among spots usually as wide as diameter of punctures surrounding markings. Tibiae externally canaliculated from 1/2 to 1/3 of their length, with some longitudinal ridges within. Abdominal ventrites finely punctured. Penis figured in Figs 4 c, 4f.</p><p>Distribution. This species is restricted to the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre del Sur in the states of Guerrero and Oaxaca in Mexico (Fig. 5, white circles). This species is only found in the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain.</p><p>Material examined (21 specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, 5 mi S Candelaria Loxicha, 18–19.vii.1974, Clark, R.R. Murray, J.S. Ashe, Joseph C. Schaffner coll. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Panistlahuca, Mexico, Salle Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: Mexico, v. Studt, Calligrapha consputa det. Daccordi '80. NHM: (1) one specimen: named by Stål, Baly Coll., consputa Stål Mexico; (2) two specimens: Oax., Baly Coll.; (3) one specimen: Oax., 143, consputa Stål, 67-56; (4) one specimen: Mex., consputa Stål, 67-56; (5) one specimen: Panistlahuca, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha consputa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen: Panistlahuca, 640, Calligrapha consputa Stål apud Sallé, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMB: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Calligrapha consputa Stal J. Bechyne det. 1954 2. NRM: (1) one specimen: Oaxaca, Sallé. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: [X0536352 and X0538391], Mexico, Oaxaca, 5 mi S Candelaria Loxicha, 18–19.vii.1974, Clark, R.R. Murray, J.S. Ashe, Joseph C. Schaffner coll.; (2) two specimens: [X0536353 and X0547093], Mexico, Guerrero, Hwy95 on Hwy200, 2.8 km W Veintidos, James E. Wappes; (3) one specimen: X0548166, Mexico, Oaxaca, 4.7 mi S San Gabriel Mixtepec, 16.vii.1985, Robert W. Jones &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha signata Ol., diversa Dj., Hagewisch, Calligrapha consputa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen: Calligrapha consputa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: 172, CM, ex. Chev. coll.?, Calligrapha consputa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>Variation. The pale minute spot within the spot enclosed by humeral lunule can be absent, but it is always indicated by the punctures associated with it. The midlateral spot can be narrow, as a dark line covering a line of punctures of the premarginal row, or more rarely, in particularly dark specimens, can emit dark suffusions laterally confluent with dark margin of elytra. Pale surface of elytra can be greatly reduced by spot confluence.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6427FFB38F9CFF06FAE0FC51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6438FFB18F9CFB80FC7FFC1A.text	039E355D6438FFB18F9CFB80FC7FFC1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha geographica	<div><p>Calligrapha geographica subsp. geographica Stål, 1860</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 3 b, 4b, 4e, 5)</p><p>Chrysomela geographica: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 276.</p><p>Calligrapha geographica: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3433. Calligrapha geographica: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 196. Polyspila geographica: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 40.</p><p>Calligrapha geographica: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha geographica: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66.</p><p>The author based the description of this species on a syntype series, as suggested by the range of measures given to describe the size of his new taxon. At least three specimens have been identified as potential members of this series, the one selected here as Lectotype and two additional specimens in the NHM collection, one labelled as one of Stål’s types from Deyrolle’s collection and another one signalled as co-type in Baly’s collection. All the specimens fit well the succinct description, and thus any of them can represent the name adequately; of the two specimens explicitly mentioning Mexico as geographic source of the specimen, the one at NRM, which was seemingly seen by M. Chevrolat, is arbitrarily selected here as the Lectotype.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Mexic / Chevrol. / Schh. / Type / Typus [red] (NRM).</p><p>Paralectotypes: (1) one specimen: Mexic. / Co-type / Calligrapha geographica Stål / Andrewes Bequest, B.M. 1922-221 (NHM); (2) one specimen: 46 / Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle / Calligrapha geographica Stål Mexico / Chrysomela geographica Stål [green] / Baly Coll. (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 3 b). Length: 8.93 mm, width: 5.86 mm. Body elongated oval. Head, mandibles, pronotum and scutellum black with greenish bronze metallic reflections. Antennae, apex of mandibles, mouth parts, ventral surfaces, epipleura, legs and elytral markings very dark rufous with a hint of metallic sheen. Ground of elytra creamy yellow.</p><p>2. This specimen does not look like typical C. consputa; it is an aberrant specimen with blurred confluent markings and orange pale areas of elytra.</p><p>Head large; surface microreticulate with sparse punctures, stronger towards sides and close to clypeal suture; frontal suture impressed, perpendicularly joining broadly V-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrow deep, running from antennal calli to above upper margin of eye. Antennae relatively thin, short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick, posteriorly curved; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous, second half as long as first, third as long as first; antennomeres 3–7 shortening progressively, sixth and seventh slightly longer than second; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, rugose and pubescent, lengthening gradually, eleventh longer than first; eighth antennomere 0.67x as wide as long. Labrum weakly incised apically, with long apical setae. Mandibles sturdy, largely protruding beyond apical border of labrum for more than twice its length; srongly punctured and covered with long setae. Apical maxillary palpomere nearly as broad as long, slightly broader than previous segment; sides gently curved; apex slightly obliquely truncated. Pronotum transverse (W/ L=2.04) margined laterally and apically; surface microreticulate, rather densely and strongly punctured; punctures at sides much stronger, confluent; strong subelongated punctures more ore less arranged as row close to basal margin. Hypomeral suture impressed, not reaching base of pronotum, gradually slightly divergent from pronotal border towards apex; hypomera microreticulate, without punctures, transversely wrinkled basally. Prosternum microreticulate, punctured near coxae and along process; prosternal process depressed apically, slightly expanding laterally following countour of coxae. Metanepisterna and mesepimera strongly punctured. Metaventrite relatively strongly punctured except near apex and middle, with finer, sparser punctures. Scutellum microreticulate, unpunctured, relatively short (W/L=0.88). Interstrices of elytra almost unpunctured, except for some fine punctures medially near base and premarginal row of punctures; punctures surrounding and within dark markings slightly stronger; scutellar row of punctures present. Elytral markings as follows: (i) sutural stripe from base of elytra around scutellum to sudden narrowing at elytral apex; (ii) subsutural stripe from scutellar area almost to elytral apex; confluent with sutural stripe except briefly basally; (iii) arcuate band entire, laterally confluent for most of its length with subsutural stripe; obliquely diverging apically as a large subtrapezoidal spot; (iv) humeral spot elongated, confluent for most of its length except very briefly apically with basal half of (v) humeral lunule; apical half of humeral lunule free and obliquely oriented towards suture, ending slightly beyond basal end of arcuate band; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, ovoid, with basal end irregularly demarcated; (vii) spot of apical declivity large, laterally confluent with subsutural stripe; (viii) apical spot relatively small, roundish; (ix) midlateral spot elongated, very narrow, occupying 6–7 punctures of premarginal line, detached from elytral dark margin; (x) ten additional medium sized markings on disk, with a tendency to break in smaller spots but preserving a relatively regular structure; innermost spot fused to arcuate band. External face of femora punctured, especially near articulation with tibiae. Tibiae externally canaliculated in apical 2/3; irregularly and finely ridged along canaliculation. Abdominal ventrites finely but rather densely punctured basally; with one roundish hollow laterally. Penis figured in Figs 4 b, 4e.</p><p>Distribution. This subspecies of C. geographica occupies the northern parts of the species range in the southern states of Chiapas, Tabasco and Veracruz in Mexico (Fig. 5, white squares). This is an endemic subspecies of the Caribbean Mesoamerican region.</p><p>Material examined (40 specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, E Tuxtla Gtz, El Chorreadero, 13/06/1989, P.K. Lago &amp; S. Testa, Calligrapha consputa Stal det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha geographica Stal, Mex., Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (2) one specimen: Cosamaloapam, Mexico, Salle Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll.; (3) one specimen: 96, Mexico, M. Chevrolat, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (4) one specimen: Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (5) one specimen: Chrysomela geographica Mex.; (6) one specimen: Mex. Chrysomela pardalina; (7) one specimen: Mex.; (8) one specimen: Mex., Calligrapha geographica Stal J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) two specimens: Cosamaloapam 6, geographica St. [one specimen without data]. NHM: (1) one specimen: geographica Chevt. Mexico, Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, Mexico, 67- 56; (3) one specimen: Ent. Club. 44-12, [...] Newman, Mexico; (4) two specimens: Mexico, Z. Walker, 6 35 13; (5) one specimen: ex Mus Murray, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100; (6) one specimen: [female], geographica Chv t, Mexico, Alvarado Sallé var., 67-56; (7) one specimen: Mex., Baly Coll.; (8) one specimen: Playa Vicente, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha geographica Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (9) one specimen: Cosamaloapan, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 641, Calligrapha geographica Stål apud Sallé, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMB: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Calligrapha geographica Stål, J. Bechyné det. 1957; (2) one specimen: Mexiko, Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: [female], geographica Chev., Mex., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen: Mexique, geographica Stål, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen: Tacotalpa, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NRM: (1) one specimen: Mexic, Chevrol, Schh.; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Tarnier. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: F. Wallan Mexico, Ent. Club 44-12, From the Brit. Mus. duplicates Pres. 1899, Calligrapha geographica Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MfN: (1) two specimens: consputa [...] [one without data]. NHM: (1) one specimen: geographica, Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: Mex., Baly Coll.; (3) two specimens: E. Coll. Laferté, geographica Chevrolat, 67-56; (4) one specimen: [male], 67-56. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha consputa Stål J. Achard det. in BCA, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense.</p><p>Variation. Species rather constant in general features and colouration, displaying some variation on confluence of elytral markings. Subsutural stripe can be slightly more divergent basally than in type or almost entirely confluent. The midlateral spot can be absent. The apex of the humeral spot can be free or narrowly joined to basalmost additional spot on disc. Apex of humeral lunule can be sometimes very narrowly confluent with base of the arcuate band, and more rarely with the apex of the spot enclosed by humeral lunule. The strongest variation is observed in size and number and confluence of additional spots on disc, since they can be broken in smaller spots or confluent among them or with the predominant features, like the innermost spot sometimes confluent very narrowly with the external concavity of arcuate band, as in the type.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6438FFB18F9CFB80FC7FFC1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D643AFFB78F9CFC45FCDCFF4F.text	039E355D643AFFB78F9CFC45FCDCFF4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha geographica	<div><p>Calligrapha geographica subsp. famularis Stål, 1860 stat. nov.</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 3 c, 5)</p><p>Chrysomela famularis: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 277.</p><p>Calligrapha formularis [lapsus calami]: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3433. Polyspila argus ab. famularis: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 38.</p><p>Calligrapha argus a. famularis: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera var. famularis: Bechyné, 1952, Entom. Arb. Mus. Frey 3, p. 4. Calligrapha ramulifera s. famularis: Blackwelder, 1957, Checklist Col., Pt. 6, p. 1436. Calligrapha argus var. famularis: Bechyné &amp; Springlová de Bechyné, 1965, Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay 3, p. 48.</p><p>Carl Stål (1865) treated this taxon with affinities with his almost indistinguishable C. geographica Stål, but highlighting that the latter was always smaller and with differences in their elytral patterns. Judging from the specimen figured in Biologia Centrali Americana (i.e., fig. 19, Table 10), Jacoby (1882) interpreted C. famularis possibly in a different way than the original author, finding understandable similarities with C. argus Stål which compelled him to propose the former as a synonym of the latter (see below). For example, Stål's description remarks the black tint of elytral maculae, while they are reddish in C. argus and also in the specimen named C. famularis by Jacoby. Nonetheless, Jacoby's taxonomic decision was perpetuated in subsequent catalogues (Weise 1916; Blackwelder 1946), and formalized by Bechyné (1952), considering this taxon a variety with confluent spots (possibly interpreting this taxon in the same way as Jacoby did seven decades earlier). However, after examining the type material for this species, I found Stål's judgement sound in discussing this taxon close to C. geographica . Indeed, I can only separate both taxa on the basis of their midlateral spots, free and very narrow in the case of C. geographica and wide, connected to dark elytral margin by dark suffusions in C. famularis (besides its larger size). With the limited distribution data available to me, both forms seem to be parapatric, whereby C. geographica occupies a northwestern range and C. famularis a southeastern range in their combined distribution (Fig. 5), and until more data becomes available to resolve their taxonomic status, they are proposed here with subspecific rank.</p><p>There is no indication in the original description about this taxon being described based on a syntype series, however there were two specimens identified as types in the entomological collections at NHM in London (from Deyrolle’s collection) and NRM in Stockholm (Stål 1865). The one from NRM explicitly includes locality information (Teapa) matching the one included in the original description, and the size of the specimen is compatible with the measures given in this same description. Thus, this specimen is selected as Lectotype.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Teapa / Stål / Type / Typus [red] (NRM). Specimen lacking ten apical antennomeres of left antenna.</p><p>Paralectotype: Type Stål, Coll. Deyrolle / Baly Coll. / famularis Stål Mexico [underneath: Type Stål, Coll: Deyrolle] (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 3 c). Length: 10.29 mm, width: 6.57 mm. Body oval, moderately convex. Head and pronotum dark metallic green. Scutellum, ventral parts and appendices dark metallic green with reddish hue, more evident in ventral parts of abdomen. Four basal antennomeres mostly reddish, darkened dorsally. Labrum, knees, apex of onychium and claws red. Elytra dark yellow, almost orange. Epipleura and heavy elytral markings with a hint of green metallic shine, more so on epipleura.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; more or less evenly punctured except on supraantennal calli; frontal suture impressed, perpendicularly linked to broadly U-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrow short, not surpassing eye edge behind. Eyes dorsoventrally elongated and finely faceted. Antennae relatively thin, short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick, posteriorly curved; all antennomeres rather elongated, 2–6 thinner, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous, second nearly 2/3 as long as first, third longer than first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth and seventh subequal and slightly longer than second; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, rugose and pubescent, lengthening progressively; eleventh antennomere as long as third. Labrum feebly emarginate anteriorly. Mandibles large, strong, notably convex at exterior margin, largely protruding beyond labrum. Last segment of maxillary palpi broad and truncated at apex, with sides regularly curved. Pronotum transverse (W/L: 2.33) finely margined anteriorly and laterally; surface microreticulate with irregularly sparse punctures on all surface, denser at disc and laterally, with larger and sometimes confluent punctures; seta at anterior angle bent backwards; seta at posterior angle bent forwards. Hypomeral suture impressed along one third of thorax length, obsolete at apex, lacking at base; hypomera transversally wrinkled at base, microreticulate, without punctures. Prosternum convex; process with sparse golden pubescence, narrow between coxae, slightly enlarged and hollowed at apex, cut straight at posterior border. Metanepisterna broadly margined all around, coarsely punctured. Metaventrite finely sparsely punctured. Scutellum relatively small, flat, shiny, unpunctured, longer than wide at base (W/L=0.91). Elytra very finely punctured; punctures surrounding markings and premarginal lateral row slightly larger; scutellar row of punctures present; elytra with fine dark margin. Elytral markings: (i) sutural stripe entire from base of elytra, completely surrounding scutellum, to gradual narrowing at apex; (ii) subsutural stripe contiguous to sutural stripe in its entire length, except in scutellar area, abruptly cut preapically on elytra at level with premarginal row of punctures; (iii) arcuate band complete, fused to subsutural stripe, apically obliquely divergent; (iv) spot of apical declivity large, laterally confluent with subsutural stripe; (v) humeral spot large, elongated, confluent for most of its length to (vi) humeral lunule, reaching well beyond basis of arcuate band; (vii) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large and ovoid; (viii) apical spot large, confluent with surrounding spots; (ix) midlateral spot broadly elliptical, not entirely confluent with elytral margin except for a narrow zone of suffusion; (x) pattern of some ten spots with different confluence among them or with major markings. Legs slender, finely, sparsely punctured; with very fine short golden pubescence; apex of tibiae rugose with dense longer golden pubescence; broad longitudinal furrow externally on apical 2/3 of tibiae, with 1–2 longitudinal internal ridges, and expanding at apex.</p><p>Distribution. This subspecies of C. geographica occupies the southern parts of the species range in the southern states of Chiapas and Tabasco in Mexico (Fig. 5, black squares). Subspecies endemic of the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain.</p><p>Material examined (seven specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Cuxtepeques area, 15/06/1987, D.B. Thomas &amp; A. Mendoza, Calligrapha famularis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NHM: (1) one specimen: Teapa, Tabasco, Feb., H.H.S., Calligr. multipustulata var., Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Teapa, Tabasco, Jan., H.H.S., Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) one specimen: Teapa, Pilate, Baly Coll. NRM: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Tarnier.</p><p>Variation. Apex of arcuate band subsquare; markings showing a lesser degree of confluence (e.g., spot of apical declivity and apical spot free from subsutural stripe).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D643AFFB78F9CFC45FCDCFF4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D643CFFB58F9CFEB6FBA3F9EE.text	039E355D643CFFB58F9CFEB6FBA3F9EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jacoby 1891	<div><p>Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jacoby, 1891</p><p>Jacoby, M. 1888 – 1892: 245. (Figs 6d, 7)</p><p>Polyspila fulvitarsis: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 40.</p><p>Calligrapha fulvitarsis: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha fulvitarsis: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66.</p><p>Martin Jacoby described this species based on a series of specimens from the same locality (the only one where this species has been found). It is unclear to me which of the available specimens seemingly from Jacoby's collection, and currently at MCZ (Cambridge, USA) and NHM (London, UK) collections, could have been used by the entomologist to describe the new species. All these specimens can be considered syntypes and I select as Lectotype the specimen figured in Biologia Centrali Americana.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Bugaba, 800–1,500ft., Champion / Calligr. fulvitarsis / Sp. figured / Godman-Salvin Col., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM).</p><p>Paralectotypes: (1) one specimen: Bugaba, 800–1,500 ft, Champion / Jacoby 2nd Coll. / Type 17434, Jan–Jul.2004 MZC Image Database (MZC); (2) three specimens: Bugaba 800–1500 ft., Champion / Jacoby 2nd Coll. [one with: Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jac.] (MCZ); (3) two specimens: Bugaba, Panama, Champion / 1st Jacoby Coll. (MZC); (4) one specimen: Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jac. / 1st Jacoby Coll. (MZC); (5) four specimens: Bugaba, 800–1,500ft., Champion / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jac.] (NHM); (6) eight specimens: Bugaba, Panama, Champion / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6d). Length: 8.47 mm, width: 5.23 mm. Body oval, moderately convex. Head, mandibles, pronotum, scutellum, femora, basal half of tibia and ventral surfaces black, with slight bronze greenish metallic reflection; labrum, antennae and mouth pieces pale reddish brown; trochanters, dorsum of femora, knees, apex of tibiae and tarsi dark reddish brown; elytral markings and epipleura dark brown with slight bronze sheen; ground of elytra dark yellow, golden around dark markings.</p><p>Head large, deeply inserted in pronotum; tegument nearly smooth, rather densely, regularly and finely punctured; frontal suture finely impressed, entire, joining a broadly V-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrow strongly impressed, relatively short, as long as eye width along upper eye margin. Antennae relatively thin, reaching beyond humeri; first antennomere long, thick, posteriorly curved; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous; second antennomere nearly half as long as first, third longer than first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth slightly longer than second; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, rugose and pubescent, lengthening gradually beyond sixth antennomere; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex and slightly emarginate dorsally; eighth antennomere 0.8x as wide as long. Labrum conspicuously emarginate anteriorly. Mandibles large, strong, surpassing about three times length of labrum, parallel-sided before strong apical curvature. Last maxillary palpomere broad, with sides and apical margin feebly convex; penultimate palpomere slightly smaller, broader apically than base of last segment, but narrower than its maximum width, with base half as broad as apex. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.83); sides subparallel at basal three quarters, gradually bent inwards towards anterior, moderately forward-produced angles; surface very finely microreticulate, with scattered minute punctures, scattered moderate punctures mostly on disc, and fewer stronger, deeper punctures at sides, with weakly elongated punctures at basal margin laterally; two large rounded hollows on anterior half of disc laterally. Hypomeral suture deep, broad, continuous from near basal margin of pronotum, slightly and gradually diverging towards anterior angles; hypomera finely microreticulate, unpunctured. Prosternum relatively densely and strongly punctured; convex between procoxae; prosternal process narrow, short, feebly expanding towards apex, truncated straight. Mesanepisterna relatively smooth, with sparse punctation. Metepisterna with scattered, moderately strong punctation. Metaventrite smooth, shiny, with very sparse fine punctures and few stronger punctures in anterior outer angles; finely transversely wrinkled near median suture. Scutellum very finely microreticulate, unpunctured, longer than wide (W/L=0.92), with blunt pointed apex. Elytra with leathery surface, smooth, densely and very finely punctured with dark punctures in pale areas; punctures tightly, neatly arranged in premarginal line; scutellar row present; margins of dark markings impressed by dense arrangements of stronger punctures; dark markings mostly unpunctured. Markings: (i) sutural stripe completely surrounding scutellum, reaching uninterrupted to feeble, gradual narrowing at elytral apex; (ii) subsutural stripe almost entirely confluent with sutural stripe except briefly, for distance of about three punctures, behind scutellum; enlarged apically; (iii) arcuate band continuous, feebly concave externally, entirely confluent with subsutural stripe, connected from basal end by oblique boundary of dark connecting area directed towards scutellum, therefore not forming divergent lobe as in other species; preapically projecting large irregular lobe; (iv) humeral spot elongated elliptic, completely laterally confluent with (v) humeral lunule, slightly over 1/4 longer than humeral spot, weakly concave towards suture, with apical end reaching slightly beyond basal end of arcuate band; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule medium-sized, round occupying rather regularly roundish space delimited by humeral lunule, apex of arcuate band, oblique conexion with subsutural stripe and basal slightly divergent end of subsutural stripe; (vii) midlateral spot narrowly elongated, free from narrow dark margin of elytron; (viii) spot of apical declivity longitudinally oval, laterally confluent with preapical enlargement of subsutural stripe; (ix) eight additional markings on disc; six small and roundish arranged medially on disc, forming triangle with base parallel to margin of elytra and spot at oposing vertex at level with apical elargement of arcuate band, larger and of irregular profile; two small round spots on apical declivity. Legs smooth, with scattered punctures bearing fine whitish hairs; tibiae internally at apical half and apically with dense golden setae, externally furrowed along apical half. Abdominal ventrites smooth, with fine scattered punctures bearing very fine whitish hairs.</p><p>Distribution. This species is known from a single locality in Panama, Bugaba (Fig. 7, white circle). This narrow endemism can be considered part of the Caribbean Mesoamerican region. Material examined (21 specimens).</p><p>PANAMA</p><p>NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Panama, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense.</p><p>Variation. The large posterior roundish lobe of the arcuate band can be apical instead of preapical, or subtriangular, directed outwards and backwards. The apical spot can be present, minute, or its position can be indicated by a golden small marking (as on the right elytron of type). Some of the small additional markings can be missing, and the spot of apical declivity sometimes is free from the subsutural stripe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D643CFFB58F9CFEB6FBA3F9EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D643EFFB88F9CF956FDA1FB8A.text	039E355D643EFFB88F9CF956FDA1FB8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha ancoralis Stal 1860	<div><p>Calligrapha ancoralis Stål, 1860</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 6f, 8, 9a, 9d)</p><p>Chrysomela ancoralis: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 278.</p><p>Calligrapha ancoralis: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3432. Calligrapha ancoralis: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 197. Calligrapha ancoralis: Dugés, 1901, Cat. Col. Coleópt. Mex., p. 97.</p><p>Polyspila ancoralis: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 38.</p><p>Calligrapha ancoralis: Leng, 1920, Cat. Col., p. 295.</p><p>Calligrapha ancoralis: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha ancoralis: Scherer, 1959, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey 10, p. 609. Calligrapha ancoralis: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha ancoralis: Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014, Zool. Scr. 43, p. 607.</p><p>Holotype: Mexique / 68 [small pink square] / ancoralis Stål / Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle / Baly Coll. / ancoralis Stål Mexico [handwritten underneath: Type by Stål Col Deyrolle] (NHM). Specimen lacks right mesotarsus.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6f). Length: 9.46 mm, width: 6.06 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, pronotum, scutellum, legs, ventral surfaces, elytral markings, fine margin of elytra and epipleura very dark reddish, almost black; antennae, labrum and mouth parts paler; mandibles darker, almost black at apex; ground of elytra dark yellow.</p><p>Head large, deeply inserted in pronotum; rather strongly and evenly punctured on frons, clypeus and near eyes, unpunctured on antennal calli; supraocular sulci deep, straight, surpassing eye margin above; frontal suture joining broadly V-shaped frontoclypleal suture; clypeal margin feebly concave. Antennae relatively short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick but narrower basally, posteriorly curved; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous; second antennomere half as long as first, third slightly shorter than first; antennomeres 3–5 shortening progressively, sixth longer than second, and 5–7 subequal; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent, lengthening gradually beyond seventh antennomere; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex and slightly emarginate dorsally; eighth antennomere 0.8x as wide as long. Labrum small, moderately emarginate apically. Mandibles strong, with straight sides before pronounced preapical curvature. Last maxillary palpomere subsquare, parallel-sided, obliquely truncated at apex; preceding palpomere slightly broader at apex than width of last segment, much narrower basally, outer edge regularly curved. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.93), wider at base than apically; surface very finely microreticulate, almost smooth, with moderately strong and evenly distributed punctures, disappearing narrowly at sides and on longitudinal disc line; sides and apical border finely margined. Hypomeral suture deep and entire, only interrupted near base of pronotum, and slightly and gradually diverging from pronotal border anteriorly; hypomera finely microreticulate, unpunctured, concave at base, convex anteriorly. Prosternum finely microreticulate, densely punctured except on two lateral transversal calli, each puncture with fine whitish seta; prosternal process narrow between procoxae, expanding apically to twice median width; apex feebly curved, almost straight. Mesanepisterna finely microreticulate, unpunctured. Metepisterna coarsely punctured. Metaventrite relatively strongly punctured on anterior half, gradually becoming almost unpunctured posteriorly. Scutellum narrower at base than long (W/ L=0.83), sides regularly curved towards a round pointed apex. Ground of elytra finely, rather densely punctured with dark minute spots, forming regular premarginal line laterally, slightly confused in humeral area; punctures somewhat stronger around predominant markings, arranged as: (i) sutural stripe entire from base of elytra, surrounding scutellum, to gradual preapical narrowing, almost disappearing at apex; (ii) subsutural stripe almost entirely confluent with sutural stripe, except briefly basally, starting at level with apex of scutellum; slightly enlarged preapically; (iii) arcuate band anchor-shaped [giving name to the species], entire, gently curved and connected laterally to subsutural stripe by long dark area for most of its length, except briefly basally and less so behind; apical end prolonged as broadly curved hook-shape, bent forward and confluent in posterior border with some small discal markings (two on the left elytron and three on the right elytron of type); (iv) humeral spot large, elongated and laterally confluent with (v) humeral lunule, both joining basal elytral margin at base; apical end of humeral lunule obliquely directed towards suture, ending near and slightly beyond basal tip of arcuate band; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, broadly emarginate anteriorly and laterally confluent with humeral lunule, appearing as bifurcation of humeral marking; (vii) midlateral spot large, subrectangular, laterally confluent with dark margin of elytron; (viii) spot of apical declivity large, roundish, weakly connected to apical enlargement of subsutural stripe by areas of dark suffusion; (ix) apical spot small, roundish, free; (x) seven additional markings on disc, free or connected to prolongation of arcuate band; three forming diagonal row behind and parallel to apical arm of humeral lunule; two other aligned spots present laterally in apical declivity of elytron. Femora shiny, sparsely and finely punctured, with fine short whitish hairs; transversal section of tibiae roundish, slightly flattened externally with feebly marked longitudinal furrow for half their length. Abdominal ventrites delicately, rather densely punctured medially and at sides; first ventrite with several short longitudinal furrows at coxal margin. Penis figured in Figs 9 a, 9d.</p><p>Distribution. This species is widely distributed in the northern part of Mesoamerica, along both Sierra Madre chains and reaching the Transvolcanic Belt, from southern Arizona in the USA to the state of Veracruz in Mexico (Fig. 8, black circles). C. ancoralis is also present in the southern tip of Baja California in Mexico and it has been reported from the Lee County in Texas, although the latter is an extremely doubtful record. This species is one of the fews that has colonized the California-Rocky Mountain domain to the north, otherwise is mostly present in the Mexican Transition and Caribbean Mesoamerican zones.</p><p>Material examined (201 specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Nayarit, 3 km WNW Jala, 3800 ft, 24.vii.93, C. Bellamy, tropical thorn forest, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Baja California Sur, vic. Todos Santos, 30.viii.1994, J. Huether, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) nine specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 19–23.v.1979, E.G. Riley, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål det. Daccordi ’79 [one with: Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011]; (4) four specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 6 mi S Gomez Farias, 12–23.v.1979, Marlin E. Rice Coll.; (5) three specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma w.s., 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 1.vi.1982, R. Turnbow; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma w.s., 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 15.x.1985, R. Turnbow; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma area, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 1–4.vi.1982, J.E. Wappes; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Puente Nacional, 25.x.1979, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål det. Daccordi ’81; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Sinaloa, 30 mi N Mazatlan, 18.viii.1964, H.R. Burke &amp; J. Apperson; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Sinaloa 10 mi NW Mazatlan, 15.viii.1965, H. Burke &amp; J. Meyer; (11) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 5 mi N Llera, 4.vi.1965, H.R. Burke, J. Meyer &amp; J.C. Schaffner; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, Linares, 1.vii.1973, taken at light, Mastro &amp; Schaffner; (13) four specimens: Mexico, Nuevo León, 2400 ft, 16 mi W Linares, Hwy58, 11.x.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, 20 mi W Linares, 3250 ft, Hwy58, 21.vii.1982, C. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (15) two specimens: Mexico, Nuevo León, 15 mi W Linares, 1800 ft, Hwy58, 21.vii.1982, C. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (16) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Grutas de Quintero, 8 mi S Ciudad Mante, 24.viii.1965, Reiber &amp; Hollingsworth; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 8 km E Campo, 16.x.1985, R. Turnbow; (18) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Puente Nacional, 17.viii.1960, H. Howden, Calligrapha stillatipennis det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Sinaloa, 14–15 mi N Los Mochis, 16.vii.1984, B.K. Dozier, Calligrapha ancoralis St. Det. J. Watts 1993; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Galeana, 31.v.1982, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha ancoralis St. Det. E.G. Riley ’82; (3) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto Falls, 1.vii.1968, Debra Weems; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Baja California Sur, Sa. Victoria trail, La Burrera-La Laguna 550–730 m, 13.x.1978, Dozier &amp; Wescott; (5) four specimens: Mexico, Sonora, 13 mi SE Los Alamos, 30.x.1972, K. Stephan; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Puente Nacional, 25.x.1979, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha ancoralis Stal Det. E.G. Riley ’82; (7) four specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma Area, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 1–4.vi.1982, J.E. Wappes; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 9 mi W of 85, on Ocampo rd, 16.x.1985, R. Morris II, Calligrapha ancoralis (Stal) det. I.S. Askevold 1990; (9) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosi, 12 km E Ocampo, 16.x.1985, R. Morris II; (10) two specimens: Mexico, Sonora, 25 km W Santa Ana Viejo, 31.vii.1985, W. Opitz, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) two specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, 1.x.1985, H. Dozier, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (12) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis Potosi, El Salto Falls, 1.vii.1968, P. Weems, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (13) one specimen: Sinaloa, Puente de Quemalo, 30.viii.1962, W. Rossember, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. IBE-JGZ: (1) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C328, Mexico, Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, spring 2011, Alexey G. Moseyko leg. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Calligrapha ancoralis; (2) eight specimens: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll. [one with: Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]; (3) one specimen: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Sallé Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll.; (5) one specimen: Ventanas, Mex. 2000 ft, Forres, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (6) one specimen: Guadaljiro [Guadalajara], Mexico; (7) two specimens: Guadalajara, Mexico, Dr. Buller, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (8) one specimen: Sierra San Lazaro, Horn Coll., C. Calligr. ancoralis . MfN: (1) one specimen: Ventanas; (2) one specimen: Canel., Canelas Becker; (3) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, ancoralis Stål; (4) one specimen: 585, San Andres de la Sierra, Calligrapha ancoralis det. Daccordi '80; (5) one specimen: Ven., suffriani Jac., Caligrapha ancoralis Stål 1860, J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NHM: (1) one specimen: E. Coll. Thomson, Mexiq., 182; (2) two specimens: Ventanas, Mex., 2000ft, Forrer, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) seven specimens: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Sallé Coll., 646, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr. -Amer.; (6) one specimen: Ex Coll. J. Sturm, Mexico, C. imperialis Mihi, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr. -Amer.; (7) one specimen: Mex., Baly Coll. NMB: (1) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Calligrapha ancoralis Stal J. Bechyné det. 1951; (2) one specimen: Mexico, 1888, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) two specimens: Mazatlan, Sin., Mex., x.1958, leg. G. F r ey. NMNH: (1) one specimen: on orchid foliage, Mex., Feb. 18 ’39, Laredo Tex. #15715, Calligrapha notatipennis (Stål) HSB 1939, return to the national collection, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Venodio [El Venadillo], Sinaloa, Mex., Kusche, vii.31. ’18, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: 32 km E of Guerrero, San Luis Potosi, Mex., v.29.1948, dry scrub area, F. Werner &amp; W. Nutting, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (4) one specimen: 47 km S of Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mex. (Rt. 1 km 659) 900 ft, vii.5.1948, semi arid plateau and jungle valley, F. Werner leg., F. Monrós Collection 1959; (5) two specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, 1-III-65, Heinrich et al. on Bromeliads, Bro. 88450, 65-9816, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003 [one with: Calligrapha sp. det. R. White]; (6) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, Calligrapha ancoralis; (7) two specimens: Mex., Tamaulipas, Bocotoma area, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, June 1–4, 1982, J.E. Wappes [one with: Calligrapha anchoralis Stal det. JE Wappes 2002]; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Mazatlan, Sin., Mex., Kusche 15.ix.1917, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål F. Monrós det. 1954; (9) one specimen: 20 mi W Linares, N. León, Mex. xi-8-46, E.C. Van Dyke collector, Van Dyke Collection, Calligrapha ancoralis Stal F. Monrós det. 1953; (10) one specimen: Miraflores, L. Cal., vii.8.38, Michelbacher &amp; Ross collectors; (11) one specimen: Alamos, Sonora, viii.2.1940, R.P. Allou Collector; (12) one specimen: Mexico, 14.xii.62, Randolph with Tillandsia, Laredo 63695, 63-33 Calligrapha sp. prob ancoralis Stal, Det. G.B. Vogt; (13) two specimens: Mex., S.L.P., 1.8 mi N El Naranjo 1000’, x.4 &amp;13.65, George E. Ball, D.R. Whitehead collectors; (14) sixteen specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 22.0 mi E Jalapa, Rte. 140, 1000’ iii.9.66, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors [one with: Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (15) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 4.0 mi SW Puente Nacional 600’ iii.8.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (16) four specimens: Venodio [Venadillo], Sin., Mex., Kusche, B.P. Clark donor [one with: 7.vii. ’18; one with: 27.vi. ’18; one with: 31.vii. ’18; one with: 5– 6.vii.’18]; (17) one specimen: Mazatlan, Sin. Mex., Kusche, 15–17.ix. ’18, B.P. Clark donor, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (18) one specimen: Cordoba VC, Mex., Mch. 11 ’08, Fredk Knab Collector; (19) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, at Brownsville, vi.3.66, Heinrich, Burgess on Tillandsia ionantha (bromeliad) 66-20832, Calligrapha sp. d. RE White; (20) one specimen: Mexico, Sonora, Alamos, 15.vii.1963, Paul J. Spangler; (21) one specimen: Laredo Tex. ex. S. L. Potosi Mex. iii-19-56, Watt, Tillandsia plants 56-3677; (22) one specimen: Tampico, Mex. 7.12, E.A. Schwarz Collector; (23) nine specimens: Mexico, at Miami, 6.xi.1968, w. Tillandsia plants 68-27129 [one with: Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (24) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 16.xi.65, Brown et al. on Tillandsia, Bro. 88417, 65-11596, Calligrapha sp. Dt. R. White; (25) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Ver. at Laredo 9.iv.1969, D.L. Dillehay on Bromeliad plants 69-5807, Calligrapha sp. d. RE White; (26) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 30.i.67, Gonzalez et al., #Brownsville 90502 Lot#: 67-4685, host: Tillandsia ionantha, Calligrapha sp. Det. R.E. White; (27) one specimen: Monterrey, Mex., Lar. Tex. 60648, 3-15-’60, 8555, E. Tillandsia plants, Calligrapha sp. DMW; (28) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis Potosi at Brownsville, v.16.66, Burgess, Tillandsia ionanth . (Brom.) 66.21549, Calligrapha sp. d. R.E. White; (29) one specimen: Laredo, Tex. ex Huichinrayan, S.L.P., Mexico, iii.19.56, Watt, Tillandsia plant 56-3678, Calligrapha sp. DMW56; (30) three specimens: Laredo, Tex., ex. S. L. Potosi, Mex., iii.19.56, Watt, Tillandsia plants 56-3677 [one with: Calligrapha sp. DMW56]; (31) one specimen: Tampico, Mex. 7/12, E.A. Schwarz collector, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (32) one specimen: Ventanas, Durango, Höge, 386, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (33) one specimen: Mexico at Miami, 6.xi.1968, B.K. Dozier, w. Tillandsia plants 68-27129, Calligrapha sp. nr. ramulifera Stal d. R.E. White, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (34) one specimen: Vera Cruz, Mex., Lar. Tex. 59422, Jan. 13, ’59, 1685, bromeliad plant, Zygogramma sp. DMW, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (35) three specimens: Mexico, 26.iii.1970, A.S. Millis, Bromeliad Lot 70-6302 [one with: Zygogramma sp. det. RE White, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: X0533714 and X0535353, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 97 km E Ciudad Victoria, Hwy70, vii.3.1986, Robert W. Jones, Peter Kovarik, Joseph C. Schaffner leg., Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: X0535667, Mexico, Veracruz, La Cumbre, 29.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: X0536715, Mexico, Sonora, 53 km SW Moctezuma, 23.vii.1980, S. McCleve &amp; P. Jump; (4) four specimens: X0538805, X0540387, X0543221 and X0548738, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 5 mi N Llera, 4.vi.1965, Horace R. Burke, J.R. Meyer &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner; (5) two specimens: X0538979 and X0546003, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 5 mi SSE Gomez Farias, 19.vii.1970, at light, Joseph C. Schaffner, Ellwood R. Hart, Robert R. Murray &amp; Robert G. Phelps; (6) one specimen: X0539658, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 3 mi W Ciudad Victoria, behind Army Camp, 6.x.1985, Robert W. Jones, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen: X0540728, Mexico, Nuevo León, 9 mi S Monterrey, 11.viii.1972, E.E. Grissell; (8) two specimens: X0541548 and X0550793, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 5.7 mi N La Encarnación, 11.vii.1973, Gaumer &amp; Clark; (9) one specimen: X0542299, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 21 mi N Ciudad Victoria, 19.vii.1970, Robert G. Phelps, Robert R. Murray, Hart &amp; Schaffner; (10) one specimen: X0542904, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 8.7 mi S Santa María del Río, 5.vii.1974, Clark, Murray, Ashe &amp; Schaffner leg.; (11) one specimen: X0544229, Mexico, Tampico, 27.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (12) one specimen: X0544629, Mexico, Aguascalientes, 6 mi E Calvillo, 11.vii.1983, P.W. Kovarik, Harrison, Joseph C. Schaffner, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (13) one specimen: X0547099, Mexico, Nuevo León, 23.6 mi SW Linares, 3.vii.1974, Wayne Clark, Robert R. Murray, James S. Ashe &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner; (14) one specimen: X0547429, Mexico, Sonora, 19 km NW Nacori Chico, 5.viii.1982, S. McCleve, G.E. Ball &amp; K.E. Ball; (15) three specimens: X0548127, X0549273 and X0550400, Mexico, San Luís de Potosí, Tamazunchale, 22.vii.1970, Robert R. Murray, Robert G. Phelps, Ellwood R. Hart &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner; (16) two specimens: X0548748 and X0550035, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 2 mi SE Gomez Farias, 20.vii.1970, Robert R. Murray, Robert G. Phelps, Hart &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner; (17) one specimen: X0549943, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, Bocatoma w. s., 20.vii.1982, R. Turnbow; (18) one specimen: X0552047, Mexico, Durango, El Salto, 7.viii.1967, Horace R. Burke &amp; J. Hafernik; (19) one specimen: X0552320, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 2 mi SE Pedro Montoya, 25.vii.1970, Robert R. Murray, Robert G. Phelps, Hart &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner.</p><p>USA</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: USA, Arizona, Santa Rita Mts., Madera Cyn., 21.vii.1968; (2) one specimen: USA, AZ, Santa Cruz, Pena Blanca Pajarito, 25.vii.1962, R.H. Arnett, Jr. &amp; E. Van Kassell, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Nogales, Ariz. ix.25.1959, D.E. Noel, Calligrapha sp. det ’60 D.M. Weisman; (2) one specimen: U.S.A. Texas, Lee Co., Fedor, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha wickhami Bowditch, F. Monrós det. 1954, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MfN: (1) one specimen: ancoralis St.; (2) two specimens: Calligrapha ancoralis Stål 1860, J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009.</p><p>Variation. Dark parts of body can have a blackish or even greenish or bluish more or less metallic sheen, while pale areas of elytra can be orange. Of the additional markings on disc of elytra, 3–4 are always free: in the 3-spot row behind humeral lunule, the spots at ends are free, while the middle one can be confluent with the apex of the curved prolongation of arcuate band (as seen on the right elytron of the holotype); the two additional markings at the apical declivity of elytra are nearly always free, although the internal spot can be sometimes confluent with other markings (as seen on the right elytron of the holotype), or they can be narrowly connected with each other or missing altogether (as respectively seen in two specimen from Ventanas, Mexico; MfN). In two specimens held at MCZ, the apex of the humeral marking is connected to the base of the arcuate band. The anchor-like marking can be more or less broken at apical arms, the apical spot can be minute or missing, and the spot on apical declivity can be largely confluent with sutural stripe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D643EFFB88F9CF956FDA1FB8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6433FF838F9CFBF5FA8CFC1A.text	039E355D6433FF838F9CFBF5FA8CFC1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha ramulifera Stal 1859	<div><p>Calligrapha ramulifera Stål, 1859</p><p>Stål, C. 1859: 325.</p><p>(Figs 6a, 9g, 9h, 10)</p><p>Polyspila scalaris Guérin-Méneville, 1855, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. 5, p. 606. Chrysomela ramulifera: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 278.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3434. Calligrapha ramulifera: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 201. Calligrapha ramulifera: Jacoby, 1892, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, suppl., p. 245. Polyspila ramulifera: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 43.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Bechyné, 1952, Entom. Arb. Mus. Frey 3, p. 25.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Bechyné &amp; Springlová de Bechyné, 1965, Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay 3, p. 48. Calligrapha ramulifera: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 67. Calligrapha ramulifera: Maes &amp; Staines, 1991, Rev. Nica. Ent., 18, p. 14.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Maes, 1998, Ins. Nica., vol. 2, p. 980.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Flowers, 2004, Rev. Biol. Trop., p. 80.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014, Zool. Scr. 43, p. 607.</p><p>In order to designate a lectotype, it is worth noting that there was some incoherence between successive accounts of this species by C. Stål. In his original description, the author gave Mexico as the geographic provenance for his type material, and he may have used a single specimen (Stål 1859). But in the expanded treatment for this species in his later monograph, the entomologist mentioned Guatemala and Ecuador as additional sources for his material, which included more than one specimen, judging from the size range given (Stål 1865). I have seen material labelled as Stål's types for this species at NHM and NRM, all labelled Guatemala and in rather bad shape. Having failed to find a Mexican specimen that could agree with Stål's type, and having no doubts about the concept that this author had for C. ramulifera, I select as lectotype the single Guatemalan specimen at NRM previously catalogued as type material. The justification for this decision is based on the degree of damage of one of the NHM potential syntypes and the uncertain, ambiguous origin (i.e., "Amazone Guatimal.") of the other.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Guatimala / [illegible] / Type. / Typus [red] (NRM). Specimen lacks six apical antennomeres of left antenna, four apical antennomeres of right antenna, both maxillary palpi, left protarsus, three apical segments of right protarsus, mesotarsi, left metatibia, and onychium of right metatarsus.</p><p>Paralectotypes: (1) Type / Guatimala Sallé Coll. / Calligrapha ramulifera Stål apud Sallé / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM). Specimen rather damaged, with its head badly glued in place and the pronotum also glued to abdomen slightly off-place; segments 8–11 of left antenna, maxillary palpi, onychia of right front and hind tarsi, left pro- and metatarsi and both mesotarsi missing. (2) Type / Sallé Coll. / 645 [blue] / Polyspila scalaris Guer. osculat type, Amazone Guatimal. / Calligrapha ramulifera Stål apud Sallé / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM). Maxillary palpi, right hind leg, mesotarsi, pro-onychia, and left metaonychium missing.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6a). Length: 8.86 mm (9.60 mm PLT1; 9.05 mm PLT2), width: 5.86 mm (6.64 mm PLT1; 5.73 mm PLT2). Body oval, moderately convex. Head, mandibles, pronotum, scutellum, epipleura, elytral markings, legs and ventral parts black with bronzy metallic reflection; elytral markings, epipleura and abdominal ventrites also with reddish tinge. Five basal antennomeres, labrum, trochanters and apex of tibiae reddish; antennomeres darkened dorsally. Background of elytra creamy yellow, paler around dark markings.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; finely microreticulate and moderately densely punctured, except on antennal calli; longitudinal frontal suture perpendicularly joining broadly U-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrows deep, running from antennal calli well beyond dorsal margin of eyes. First antennomere club-shaped, long, thick, convex anteriorly; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous; second antennomere half as long as first, third slender, subequal to first; antennomeres 3–5 shortening progressively; antennomeres 5–7 subequal. Labrum emarginate apically. Mandibles large, strongly punctured, largely protruding (~ 3x) beyond apical border of labrum. Pronotum finely margined apically and at sides; with strong punctures, stronger towards sides, particularly at produced anterior angles. Hypomeral suture deep, almost complete, ending near base of pronotum; hypomera microreticulate, unpunctured. Prosternum relatively long (W/L=2.0), with strong punctures in basal two thirds before procoxae, shagreened, nearly unpunctured at anterior third; prosternal process narrow, unpunctured, convex between procoxae, deflexed and expanded apically following inner contour of procoxae; apex truncated, with slight median longitudinal elevation. Metepisterna with sparse moderately strong punctures. Metaventrite evenly and finely punctured, smooth on disc. Scutellum flat, microreticulate and unpunctured, slightly longer than wide (W/L=0.89). Elytra finely punctured; punctures around markings and premarginal bead of punctures slightly stronger; scutellar row of punctures present. Markings: (i) sutural stripe entire from base to apex of elytra, gradually narrowed at apex; (ii) subsutural stripe nearly completely confluent with sutural stripe except at basal divergent ends, for 4–5 punctures; (iii) arcuate band gently concave externally, mostly confluent laterally with subsutural stripe except briefly at divergent ends; apical end with preapical irregularly roundish enlargement; (iv) humeral spot and humeral lunule oblong, confluent for most of their length; humeral lunule slightly longer posteriorly, without reaching level of basal end of arcuate band; combined feature compact, short, free from basal margin of elytron; (v) spot enclosed by humeral lunule round, relatively small, placed conspicuously closer to humeral lunule; (vi) midlateral spot broadly oval and largely confluent with narrow dark margin of elytron; (vii) spot of apical declivity large, laterally confluent with subsutural stripe; (viii) apical spot round and small; (vii) ten additional spots loosely arranged as 3-3-2-2 pattern of oblique rows on disc. Epipleura margined, microreticulate and unpunctured. Legs finely and sparsely punctured, with fine minute golden pubescence; apex of tibiae hairy with dense golden setae; tibiae externally furrowed from their mid length, with furrow gradually broadening towards tarsal insertion. Abdominal ventrites finely and sparsely punctured, with fine, sparse golden pubescence. Penis figured in Figs 9 g, 9h.</p><p>Distribution. This species is restricted to the Pacific domains of southern Mesoamerica, from the state of Chiapas in Mexico to the provinces of Alajuela and Cartago in Costa Rica (Fig. 10, white circles). C. ramulifera is only present in the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain.</p><p>Material examined (123 specimens).</p><p>COSTA RICA</p><p>FSCA: (1) three specimens: Costa Rica, Punt. Prv., 6 km S Sta. Elena, 6–7.vi.1983, J.E. Wappes; (2) one specimen: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 26.ii.1987, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Piedras Negras 10, F.A. Eddy Collection, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000 ft, H. Rogers, 1st Jacoby Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: 29785, ramulifera Stål, Costarica, Wagner; (2) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Piedras Negras; (3) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Atenas. NHM: (1) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000ft, H. Rogers, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Pozo Azul, Costa Rica, C.E. Tottenham BM 1969-77. NMB: (1) one specimen: Turrialba, Costarica, Polyspila sylvia St., Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMCZ: (1) two specimens: Turrialba, Costa Rica, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Ala. Pr., 6–8 km W Atenas, June 1–2, 1980, J.E. Wappes, J.E. Wappes Collection, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål det. M. Daccordi 1986 . ZSM: (1) one specimen: San Mateo, Costa Rica, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke.</p><p>EL SALVADOR</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: El Salvador, Landaverde, S. &amp; L. Steinhauser, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal Det. J. Watts 1993; (2) one specimen: El Sal., San Isidro, Co. Verde 1000 m, 2.vi.1972, S. &amp; L. Steinhauser, 2563, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: El Sal., Los Chorros 700 m, 4.vi.1972, S. &amp; L. Steinhauser, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MfN: (1) three specimens: Servicios Técnicos Cafetalería, El Salvador C.A. [one with: 14-E-42]. NMNH: (1) one specimen: nº631–39, 17.vii.1955, Rosario, Cuzcatlan, Col. M.S.V.; (2) one specimen: San Salvador, 25.ii.20, E.S.C.A., K.A. Salman collector, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål EAC’27.</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Guat. City, Las Hamacas Tr. Tk., 5–8.viii.1979, Thomas &amp; Case, E. Riley Colin., C. serpentina var. Daccordi 1981. MCZ: (1) two specimens: Zapote, Guatemala, C. Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål det. Daccordi '79; (2) two specimens: Guatemala. NHM: (1) one specimen: Guatemala C.A., 14, Biol. Cent.-Am. 1905-17, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr. -Amer.; (2) three specimens: Zapote, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4000ft, Champion, Godman- Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen: San Isidro, 1600ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Guatemala, named by Stål, Sp. figured, Baly Coll., ramulifera Stål, Guatemala, Mexico [underneath: named by Stål, Col: Deyrolle]; (6) one specimen: Guatemª 55.71. NMB: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, G. Bermoully, Calligrapha ramulifera det. Daccordi ‘78. NMNH: (1) six specimens: Mauricio, Guatemala, July 88, Dr. G. W. Bock collector, Collection F. Knab [one with: Calligrapha ramulifera Stål F. Monrós det. 1953; one with Calligrapha ramulifera Stål]; (2) five specimens: Guatemala, San Jose, May ’43, D.G. Hall; (3) two specimens: Guatemala, S. Sebastian, Retalhueleu, 1925, L. Thiel, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (4) two specimens: Guat., ’25, L. Thiel, S Sebastian, Retalhuleu; (5) one specimen: Guatemala, C.A. Champion, 14, Wickham Collection 1933, Calligrapha ramulifera; (6) one specimen: Los Patos Riv., 14 mi up, vi.18 –23.1926, Suchetepequez Province, Guatemala, Pres. by J.R. Slevin Collector, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0543052, Guatemala, Escuintla, 25.v.1923, E.G. Smyth, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) ten specimens: Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Patului, A. Poll [one with: 1.7.83, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; five with: 1.7.83; two with: 10.7.83; two with: 10.8.83].</p><p>HONDURAS</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Honduras, Copan, 16 km NW Sta. Rosa de Copan, 8.x.1993, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha aeneopicta St. det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: Honduras, Com., 5 km NW Taulabé, Río Jaitique, 29.vii.1977, O’Brien &amp; Marshall. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Honduras, Copan, 16 km NW Sta. Rosa de Copan, 8.x.1993, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stal det. E.G. Riley ’93, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens, Honduras, Copan, 16 km NW Santa Rosa de Copan, 8.x.1993, F.W. Skillman, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Dépt. Copon, May 1919, Honduras, S.F. Blanc Coll., Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>MCZ: (1) two specimens: Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: Tapachula 16. NHM: (1) two specimens: Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Mex., Baly Coll.; (3) one specimen: Chiapas, Mexico, Escuintla, VI-1925, 69, F.R. Mason Coll., Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1926-83; (4) one specimen: E. Coll. Thomson, Mexiq.?. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Guanajuato, E. Dugés, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense3. NMNH: (1) one specimen: banana debris, Mex., 8-8-’08, Galv. 5077.</p><p>NICARAGUA</p><p>IBE-JGZ: (1) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C107, Nicaragua, Rivas, Sierra Serena UTM 16P-657865-1242291, 21 September 2009, J.-M. Maes leg.; (2) five specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C231, IBE-JGZ-C249, IBE-JGZ-C250, IBE-JGZ- C251, IBE-JGZ-C252], Nicaragua, Rivas, Finca Guadalupe, 10–12/07/2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (3) four specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C234, IBE-JGZ-C253, IBE-JGZ-C261, IBE-JGZ-C262], Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor- Moropotente, Finca Las Flores 13.192570N 86.331465W 865m, Abril 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (4) two specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C255, IBE-JGZ-C256], Nicaragua, Rivas, Cárdenas, Finca Sierra Serena, 14/07/2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (5) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C265, Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Finca Bartolo UTM 16P- 0573112-1459212 993m, Junio 2010, A. del Socorro &amp; B. Nimia leg.; (6) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2166, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor, Isidrillo [51], Agosto 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (7) one specimen: IBE- JGZ-2172, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor, Miraflor [209], Septiembre 2010, J.-M. Maes leg. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Nicaragua, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen: Nicaragua; (3) one specimen: Chontales, Nicaragua, T. Belt, 1st Jacoby Coll., Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMB: (1) one specimen: Nicaragua, Managua Low, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey coll. 1923 [one with: Calligrapha ramulifera Stål F. Monrós det. 1953]; (2) four specimens: Managua Cy, Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey Coll. 1923; (3) one specimen: Ameya, Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey coll. 1923; (4) one specimen: Nicaragua, 11.ii.1938, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål F. Monrós det. 1954; (5) one specimen: Managua, Nicaragua [illegible] 1925; (6) one specimen: Managua, Nic., v.28.1956, Mabry, 56-9599, Calligrapha sp. DMW56; (7) one 3. The State of Guanajuato in Central Mexico is very far from the general area of distribution of C. ramulifera, therefore this record most likely represents either a labeling mistake or a reference to a locality in Chiapas, in the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas.</p><p>specimen: Nica., Chinandega, Volcan Casita, 1.vii.95, Maes/Hernández, duplicated retained from the Museo Entomologico S.E.A. Collection, Leon, Nicaragua, Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MfN: (4) one specimen: picta Chev. Mex. NHM: (1) one specimen: Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56. NRM: (1) one specimen: Guatimala, [illegible]. OUMNH: (1) two specimens: [no data] [one with: Calligrapha ramulifera Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011].</p><p>Variation. This species is rather constant in appearance and the observed variability in appearance does not generate identification problems. The sutural stripe can be suddenly narrowed at apex (as seen in the paralectotypes). The basal ends of the subsutural stripe can converge sometimes with the sutural stripe, and in one specimen from Pozo Azul (Costa Rica), the ends of the arcuate band are also completely fused with the subsutural stripe, appearing as lateral lumps. Humeral markings are generally broadly fused, but in some specimens the apical ends of the humeral spot and lunule are free and slightly divergent (as seen in PLT1, among others). The spot enclosed by the humeral lunule can be very small or maybe absent altogether (as seen on one elytron of a single specimen). The midlateral spot can be subrectangular or ellipsoidal and in the latter case, the connection to dark margin of elytron can be narrow and through dark suffusion. The spot of apical declivity can be very small and free. Spots on disc can appear indicated only by the pale or golden surrounding area, and instead of ten spots as in the lectotype, there can be arrangements of eight (2-2-2-2) or nine (3-2-2-2) spots. In some specimens, the sculpture of the epipleura differs from the type showing a leathery and shiny appearance. Two specimens from Turrialba (MNCP) and two from ca. Santa Elena, Costa Rica (FSCA) are more slender, longer specimens than the type.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6433FF838F9CFBF5FA8CFC1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6408FF818F9CFC45FB3AF8D7.text	039E355D6408FF818F9CFC45FB3AF8D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha catarinae	<div><p>Calligrapha catarinae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6c, 8, 9c, 9f)</p><p>In the beetle collections at the Museum für Naturkunde and the Natural History Museum I isolated some specimens misplaced among C. argus Stål or C. geographica Stål which clearly differed from these species, yet were indistinguishable from each other for several characters. In the course of this study I found additional specimens in other collections, conforming to this type. Given the consistent and remarkable differences observed with C. argus Stål and C. fulvitarsis Jacoby (see below), the most similar of all known Calligrapha, I feel confident to describe these specimens as belonging to a new taxon.</p><p>Holotype: 1351 / San Antonio, Chiapas, v. Jurckhein /? argus (MfN).</p><p>Paratypes: (1) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4000ft., Champion / 96425 (MfN); (2) two specimens: Guatemala [one with: geographica Stål] (MfN); (3) one specimen: Distrikt Socomusco, Hotzen S.V. (MfN); (4) one specimen: Sinanja, Vera Paz, Champion / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM); (5) one specimen: Purula, Vera Paz, Champion / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6c). Length: 8.84 mm; width: 5.61 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, disc of labrum, mandibles basally, first antennomere dorsally, pronotum, scutellum, all ventral surfaces, coxae, trochanters apically, femora, tibiae, and first tarsal segment shiny black with slight bronzy metallic reflection; narrow apex of clypeus, margins of labrum, apex of mandibles, mouth parts, apical antennomeres, tarsi, dark elytral markings, and epipleura very dark testaceous; basal segments of antennae ventrally, base of trochanters, knees, and tarsal articulations bright reddish brown; background of elytra dark yellow with dark markings margined golden creamy yellow.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; surface very finely microreticulate, relatively densely and homogenously covered with moderately strong punctures; supraocular sulci deep, slightly bisinuous, from antennal calli well beyond upper eye margin; few sparse setae near eyes, particularly on antennal calli; frontal suture very fine, obsolete behind, apically joining strongly bisinuated clypeal suture; clypeus long, slightly depressed at sides, conspicuously sloping ventrally at apex, sculptured as frons, with few sparse fine setae laterally and longer, larger and medially convergent setae at apical angles. Antennae slender, surpassing humeri; first antennomere long, thick, nearly cylindrical at apical 2/3; antennomeres 2–6 elongated, relatively thin, smooth, with very sparse setae; second antennomere half as long as first, third subequal to first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth slightly longer than second; segments lengthening gradually beyond sixth antennomere; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, 8–11 rugose and pubescent, eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex and slightly emarginate dorsally; eighth antennomere 0.68x as wide as long. Labrum with regularly curved sides and emarginate at apex; with very long lateral and apical straight or slightly bent setae, convergent medially. Mandibles large, very strong, well surpassing labrum by 2/3 their length; sides slightly concave basally before broad apical curvature; laterally and frontolaterally very strongly punctured, with long recumbent translucent setae. Maxillary palpi long; apical palpomere subtrapezoidal, broader than long, with slightly curved longer external margin and slightly compressed dorsoventrally and weakly concave at apex; previous palpomere slightly broader apically than base of last segment, long, regularly curved externally to narrow base; first palpomere long, feebly curved, gradually thickening from base. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.87), broader anteriorly before middle; sides straight basally, slightly divergent up to midlength, and gently curving towards strongly protruding apical angles; apical border slightly bisinuated, slightly convex medially; basal border convex; apically finely margined, laterally and at angles with broader, slightly explanate margin; surface very finely microreticulate, with irregularly scattered small and medium-sized punctures, becoming large, deep and sometimes convergent at sides; primary punctures intermingled with very fine secondary punctures; round deep convergent punctures at basal margin except on median lobe; setae at apical angles long, fine, bent dorsolaterally backwards; setae at basal angles long, fine, bent dorsolaterally forwards. Hypomeral suture impressed, slightly wavy, regularly slightly diverging from pronotal border, more weakly impressed apically; hypomera very finely microreticulate, shiny, unpunctured, convex medially, transversally depressed basally. Prosternum relatively narrow, feebly concave, finely margined anteriorly; surface finely microreticulate except at glossy process; prosternal process narrow, convex, feebly longitudinally raised medially, setose, apically depressed, gradually sloping towards straight apex; sides of process strongly rugosely punctured, with scattered long setae; apex of process punctured, setose, feebly raised at sides. Mesanepisterna finely microreticulate. Metepisterna moderately and sparsely punctured; apically densely punctured with elongated convergent punctures. Metaventrite finely leathery at sides, smooth and glossy medially, strongly closely punctured near mesocoxae, with some strong punctures near lateral border; finely punctured, with very fine hairs laterally on disc; deeply transversally furrowed at posterior border. Scutellum small, longer than wide at base (W/L=0.90) with regularly curved sides towards round blunt apex; finely microsculptured, unpunctured. Elytra long, with regularly broadly curved shoulders, weakly curved laterally towards regular elongated apical curvature; surface very finely microsculptured, smooth, shiny, with dense, very fine dot-like punctures in pale areas, almost imperceptible apically on elytra, and stronger, deeper punctures around and within dark markings; very tight, regularly impressed premarginal line of punctures, only becoming slightly confused at subhumeral area; scutellar row present, double basally. Markings: (i) sutural stripe complete, continuous, broadly surrounding scutellum basally, gradually narrowing posteriorly, barely reaching apex of elytra; (ii) subsutural stripe broad, completely confluent laterally with sutural stripe, starting basally shortly before apex of scutellum, gradually narrowing posteriorly, slightly widening right before apex and irregularly disappearing abruptly slightly before apex; (iii) arcuate band long, set medially on disc, completely confluent laterally with subsutural stripe, weakly concave externally, with slightly divergent but entirely laterally confluent basal end; apical end strongly widened as slightly elongated rounded, weakly divergent shape; (iv) humeral spot short, elongated oval on shoulder, completely confluent laterally with (v) humeral lunule, gently curved apically towards suture, ending near and only slightly beyond basal end of arcuate band; basally very narrowly connected to dark basal margin of elytron at humeral internal declivity; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, round, narrowly separated from internal concavity of lunule; (vii) midlateral spot large, subrectangular, completely confluent externally with narrow dark margin of elytron; (viii) spot of apical declivity large, semicircular, completely fused laterally with subsutural stripe; (ix) apical spot medium-sized, round, slightly transversally elongated, free; (x) nine additional roundish, small to relatively large spots on disc; four equidistantly separated and aligned longitudinally parallel to elytral margin on lateral declivity, the basalmost at level with basal end of arcuate band; four more as an internal series, parallel to former series with each spot set slightly forwards compared to nearest spot in external row, except basalmost spot; one round spot on external basal concavity of arcuate band, at level with midlateral spot. Legs long, slender. Femora fusiform, with surface delicately microsculptured, shiny, with relatively dense fine punctures bearing short fine setae. Tibiae slender, faintly curved ventrally; feebly carinated longitudinally at ventral margin, neatly furrowed externally at apical half, furrow widening towards emargination for tarsal insertion; sparsely punctured with longitudinally elongated punctures, becoming rugose at apex, with golden reddish dense pubescence. Abdominal ventrites shiny, smooth, with very fine sparse punctures bearing a fine translucent hair; punctures denser, stronger near metacoxae. Penis figured in Figs 9 c, 9f.</p><p>Distribution. Species endemic of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas (Mexico) and chain extensions in Guatemala (Fig. 8, black squares). C. catarinae sp. nov. is endemic from the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain. Material examined (13 specimens).</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>NMNH: (1) two specimens: Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Zapotitlan, 1525 meters, Finca Las Nubes, 16 June ’73, Ginter Ekis, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4000 ft, Champion, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4–5000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) Cerro Zunil, 4–5000 ft, Champion, Polyspila argus Stal, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: Chiapas, Mex., L. Holzen, ’19, Pacific Slope Cordilleras 800–1000 m, Calligrapha catarinae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) one specimen: Distrikt Socomusco, Hotzen S.W., Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke.</p><p>Variation. In one female specimen from Guatemala, the basal connection of humeral lunule with base of elytra is broader, more conspicuous. The spot enclosed by the humeral lunule can be narrowly connected to inner concavity of lunule by areas of dark suffusion. In most specimens there are ten additional markings on elytra, and not nine like in the holotype, with the internal row of spots including five and not four spots, the three basalmost small and round, with a trend of third and larger fourth to fuse together (a trend apparently completed in the holotype). The single additional spot on concavity of arcuate band can be very narrowly connected to the latter by dark suffusions.</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species is very similar and possibly most closely related to the Panamanian C. fulvitarsis, sharing a similar shape, colouration and disposition of spots, including a basal blunt end of the arcuate band and a roundish spot enclosed by the humeral lunule, generally with small basal emargination in the other species in this group. However, these species can be easily recognized by the larger size of C. catarinae sp. nov., larger and neater spots on elytra, larger midlateral spot, confluent with margin of elytron, and legs completely black. This species is also very similar to C. argus Stål, sharing the lack of subhumeral spot and the presence of a large midlateral spot, confluent with margin, as well as a characteristic bitonality to pale areas of elytra, with a paler rim around dark markings. However, C. catarinae sp. nov. is consistently darker, blackish, and shows other differences, including a more compact humeral marking, a blunt basal end of the subsutural stripe, a sudden preapical disappearance of the subsutural stripe, an elongated spot enclosed by humeral lunule, the semicircular shapes of the spot of apical declivity and generally of the apex of the arcuate band, and it is also generally larger and more elongated. The size of the specimens and the general disposition of markings is also reminiscent of C. geographica Stål, among which it can be found sometimes in collections, but a closer examination reveals many differences, most notably the type of midlateral spot, narrow and free in C. geographica Stål, large and confluent with margin in C. catarinae sp. nov. The pattern of markings may also induce the mistake to place the specimens with C. diversa Stål, but the absence of midlateral spot in the latter makes them easily distinguishable. Finally, there could be some confusion with C. suboculata Stål, particularly since this species can lack one of the two spots enclosed by the humeral lunule, but the shape of most markings on elytra separate them.</p><p>Derivatio nominis. These large and striking Calligrapha are amongst the most beautiful representatives of the genus, which compelled me to name this species with love after my beautiful daughter, Catarina.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6408FF818F9CFC45FB3AF8D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D640BFF858F9CFF06FB2FFD1F.text	039E355D640BFF858F9CFF06FB2FFD1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha anabelae	<div><p>Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6e, 8, 9b, 9e, 11)</p><p>Among the first entomological collections I visited for this study, these in the Museum für Naturkunde (MfN) and the Natural History Museum (NHM) included two series of three Mexican specimens each incorrectly placed among C. diversa Stål and C. scalaris (LeConte), respectively. A closer examination of the specimens revealed that they were conspecifics and not recognizable as any of the species known to me, thus they are proposed here as a new taxon, formally described below.</p><p>Holotype: Mexico / HOLOTYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita [red] (MfN).</p><p>Paratypes: MfN: (1) one specimen: Mexico / PARATYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita; (2) one specimen: PARATYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita. NHM: (3) one specimen: 23842 / Truqui, Mexico / Fry Coll. 1905.100 / PARATYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita; (4) one specimen: Baly Coll. / PARATYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita; (5) one specimen: Mexique / Baly Coll. / PARATYPE Calligrapha anabelae sp. nov. J. Gómez-Zurita.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6e). Length: 9.78 mm, width: 6.22 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, mandibles, dorsum of first antennomere and pronotum very dark reddish brown, with dull greenish metallic reflection; mouth pieces, antennae, labrum, scutellum, dark markings of elytra, epipleurae, ventral surfaces and legs dark reddish brown, with slight greenish metallic reflection on scutellum, elytral markings and legs; background of elytra custard yellow.</p><p>Head large, wide, deeply inserted in pronotum; surface finely microreticulate, densely, rather uniformly punctured; punctures somewhat larger and denser near and behind eyes; almost unpunctured near frontal suture and antennal calli; punctures bearing short translucent seta and one much longer, semierect seta near upper eye margin; deep, slightly curved furrow above eye; frontal suture very fine in all length, joining at apex broadly V-shaped clypeal suture. Clypeus finely microreticulate, with smaller, shallower punctures than head; anterior border laterally with 4–6 long pale yellowish setae, convergent medially, almost as long as labrum. Eyes dorsoventrally elongated. Genae very short. Labrum transverse, relatively short (ratio L:W=0.4), emarginate anteriorly, with 6–7 long yellowish translucent setae at sides, thicker than clypeal setae, convergent medially. Antennae short, conspicuously thickened beyond sixth antennomere; antennomeres 3–6 slender, gradually shortening and thickening; antennomeres fifth and sixth subequal to second; five last antennomeres darkened, rugose, densely pubescent; eighth antennomere 0.87x as wide as long. Mandibles large, robust, protruding by 1.5x length of labrum; external border markedly concave; surface strongly, densely punctured, with large punctures bearing long yellowish translucent seta; very dense and very fine secondary punctation. Last maxillary palpomeres gradually widening towards apex, with external margin weakly convex, internal margin weakly concave and shorter, and apical margin oblique, straight; apex of previous palpomere slightly broader than base of last segment, curved and gradually narrowing towards base, more accentuated at external edge; first palpomere club-shaped, obliquely cut at apex. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.81), sides narrowly margined, feebly and regularly convex from base to strongly produced acute and rounded anterior angles; posterior angle obtuse; anterior border concave, with broader margin at sides, straight or very slightly convex medially, very finely edge; posterior border regularly convex, slightly sinuous at sides, unmargined; surface alutaceous, very finely microreticulate, with dense, small, shallow punctures on disc, gradually becoming larger and deeper, sometimes confluent towards sides, with premarginal area and anterior angles nearly devoid of large punctures, and with longitudinal row of small punctures very close to margin; sides of disc with two round depressions in front of middle; row of elongated punctures along basal margin at sides. Hypomeral suture very deep, slightly wavy, continuous from near pronotal basal angle to base of anterior angle, gradually but weakly diverging from pronotal border; hypomera alutaceous, unpunctured, weakly concave basally with few transverse wrinkles. Prosternum flat at sides and process, convex, only weakly raised at middle; anterior border feebly concave, finely margined; surface finely microreticulate, nearly unpunctured anteriorly, with large, deep punctures near procoxae and at process, bearing fine translucent setae; process narrow between coxae, as narrow as width of eighth antennomere, gradually widening to apex to nearly 1.9x width between coxae; process unmargined laterally, weakly convex at apex, rugosely punctured and feebly carinated longitudinally at sides and medially. Mesanepisterna very finely microreticulate, not as alutaceous as hypomera; with sparse small, shallow punctures. Metepisterna more finely alutaceous than mesanepisterna, with shallow elongated punctures, deeper and larger along sides, rugosely punctate only at apex. Metaventrite finely leathery, sparsely, regularly impressed with fine small punctures, hairy medially with very fine translucent setae. Scutellum long (W/L=0.82), acute, with sides feebly curved towards blunt apex; surface finely microreticulate, unpunctured. Elytra long, convexly raised above pronotum; humeri round, sides weakly convex and regularly curved at apical third towards broadly rounded apex; margined from humeral angle to apical sutural angle and at suture on apical declivity; surface very finely alutaceous, sparsely and irregularly punctured with shallow, dot-like punctures, deeper at sides and around dark markings at disc; scutellar row of punctures present, long, starting close to base of elytra, with some 15–17 tight, sometimes connected punctures, confused, double basally; premarginal row of very tight punctures present, regularly arranged except slightly confused ends; margin punctured all along. Epipleura very finely alutaceous, unpunctured, feebly sloping ventrally internally, slightly visible from side. Markings: (i) sutural stripe narrow, continuous from base of elytra surrounding scutellum to sutural angle, gradually narrowing to disappear; (ii) subsutural stripe narrow, starting slightly before apex of scutellum, gradually narrowing towards apex of elytra, disappearing before reaching it, slightly widening at apical declivity; entirely confluent with sutural stripe except basally for a relatively long distance (9–10 punctures); (iii) arcuate band with narrow blunt basal end, weakly convex externally and enlarged apically as roundish large spot; laterally confluent for most of its length, except for short distance at both ends, with subsutural stripe by darkened area between both features; (iv) humeral spot and lunule entirely confluent laterally forming large humeral marking; humeral spot reaching basally very close to narrow dark basal margin of elytra, nearly connected to it by dark suffusions; apical third of humeral lunule bent at obtuse angle towards suture, ending behind and very close to basal end of arcuate band; (v) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, nearly U-shaped, with inner space also darkened, appearing as slightly basally emarginate large roundish spot; largely confluent externally and apically with humeral lunule at internal angle; (vi) midlateral spot large, subtrapezoidal, slightly inclined backwards, externally confluent with elytral margin, and internally convering about seven punctures of premarginal line of punctures; (vii) spot of apical declivity longitudinally elongated, confluent by most of its length, except briefly anteriorly with enlargement of subsutural stripe; (viii) apical spot smaller than spot of apical declivity, roundish, free; (ix) nine additional spots on disc; eight roundish, subequal, one larger and of irregular shape (possibly two spots combined); four spots parallel to margin at more or less regular intervals, second at level with midlateral spot, third (largest spot) at level with apical enlargement of arcuate band; one spot on external concavity of arcuate band; longitudinal and slightly curved towards suture series of three spots more or less surrounding previous spot, second in this series at level with midlateral spot; last spot medially in space delimited by apex of arcuate band, base of spot of apical declivity and last spot of external marginal series. Femora spindle-shaped, with surface almost glossy, sparsely punctured, with punctures deeper at apex, each puncture with very fine translucent seta; tibiae slender, gradually widening towards apex, weakly longitudinally carinated ventrally, furrowed on apical half dorsally, with furrow progressively widening towards tarsal insertion; surface almost glossy, with sparse punctures, denser at angles and apically, pubescent ventrally and densely at apex with thick golden setae. Tarsi elongated, slender, entirely and densely pubescent underneath, except at basal narrow half of second segment; onychium with small apical tooth underneath; claws weakly divaricate. Abdominal ventrites alutaceous, very weakly and sparsely punctured, finely pubescent medially and at sides of three apical segments. Penis figured in Figs 9 b, 9e.</p><p>Distribution. This species is endemic from central Mexico, in the general area around the Transvolcanic Belt, from the states of Jalisco to Guerrero and Morelos (Fig. 8, white squares). C. anabelae sp. nov. is thus present in the Mexican Transition and Caribbean Mesoamerican domains.</p><p>Material examined (23 specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Queretaro, Queretaro, 10.viii.1980, Z.A. Wibmer, C. multipustulata Stal det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 5.5 mi NE Tecolotlan, 13.vii.1982, A.J. Gilbert, Calligrapha multipustulata St. det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, Est. Biol. Chamela, 10–20.vii.1985, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, 8 km N Netapa, 12.vii.1971, S.R. &amp; L.M. Stenhauser, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Morelos, Tepoztlan, 14 June 1993, leg. D. Furth, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen: Tuxpan, Jalisco, Mex., 9.6.1903, J.F. McClendon, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMB: (1) one specimen: Mexique, Coll. Chapuis, det. Calligrapha suboculata Stal, Calligrapha argus Stal J. Bechyné det. 1954. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Mexcala, Gro. Mex. vi.29.51, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det.; (2) one specimen: Colima Vulcano Mex., L. Conrad, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) four specimens: 19 mi SW Colima, Colima, Mexico, 26.vii.63, Ackerman &amp; Whitehead, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: [X0532852 and X0585222], Mexico, Jalisco, 8 mi S Autlan, 8.vii.1984, Lynn Carroll, Joseph C. Schaffner &amp; Timothy P. Friedlander, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) four specimens: [X0533713, X0534763, X0535248 and X0535313], Mexico, Jalisco, 11 mi N Autlan, 6.vii.1984, Carroll, Schaffner &amp; Friedlander, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) five specimens: [X0533782, X0534181, X0534286, X0535329 and X0544282], Mexico, Jalisco, 16 km N Autlan, 7.vii.1984, Lynn Carroll, Joseph C. Schaffner &amp; Timothy P. Friedlander, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) three specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue, 25.7.1918, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue, 20.6.1918, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) three specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue 1918 [two with: Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (4) four specimens: Vulcan Colima, Mexico, 1918, coll. Joh. Laue [three with: Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Guadalajara, Juni 1982, leg. Fittkau, Calligrapha anabelae i.l. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>Variation. Sides of the apical segment of maxillary palpi are subparallel in females. Sides of pronotum can be almost straight, convergent before apical fourth, regularly curving towards produced anterior angles. Punctation of pronotum can be denser than in type and abdominal segments can be uniformly pubescent. The humeral marking on elytra can be clearly and relatively broadly connected to base of elytra; the spot enclosed by the humeral lunule can be narrowly connected to apical oblique area of lunule; two median discal spots at level with midlateral spot can be fused; and the midlateral spot can be narrowly confluent with elytral margin. But the most remarkable variation is found on the trend of this species to lose most of its elytral markings, including basal ends of subsutural stripe and arcuate band, humeral marking and spot enclosed by lunule, most of additional spots on disc, except for spot at concavity of arcuate band and apical spot (Fig. 11). But, even if the spots are missing, their position is still indicated by puncture arrangements, particularly at basal half of elytra, or the corresponding areas are slightly darkened. One specimen from Tuxpan (MCZ) has all elytral markings present, but precisely the midlateral spot is very reduced, appearing as a spot just below premarginal row of punctures; this specimen is otherwise identical to type. This trait is very unique among Calligrapha, whereby specimens with incomplete elytral patterns look like the intermediate stages in the darkening process that recently emerged, teneral adults experiment to acquire their adult appearance. However, all these specimens had hardened teguments, not different from these seen in the fully pigmented specimens.</p><p>Diagnosis. At first sight C. anabelae sp. nov. looks very similar to Northeastern North American Calligrapha species in the C. scalaris group, such as C. tiliae Brown and C. virginea Brown, but they can be recognized at once by the conspicuous hypomeral suture, absent in all North American species, and by the dark epipleura in the Mexican species. The most similar species, and possibly the closest relative is C. argus, but they can be readily distinguished by the different colouration to darker areas, reddish in the latter and blackish in the new species, as well as by a generally more compact humeral marking, among other minor details. From the allopatric relative C. catarinae sp. nov., they can be recognized easily from the basal ends of subsutural stripe completely fused with the sutural stripe in this species while these ends are divergent in C. anabelae sp. nov., but also by stronger elytral punctation in the latter. Finally, the new species is recognizable from other blackish species with similar marking disposition, such as C. simillima or C. diversa, by the presence of a conspicuous midlateral spot, absent in these species.</p><p>Derivatio nominis. This species belongs into the same group of neat forms such as C. argus Stål and C. catarinae sp. nov. This new species is dedicated with love to my partner for fifteen years, Anabela R. P. Cardoso, entomologist enthusiastic of tiger beetles, who has always supported and encouraged my work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D640BFF858F9CFF06FB2FFD1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D640EFF8E8F9CFD46FDBEFD8D.text	039E355D640EFF8E8F9CFD46FDBEFD8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha argus Stal 1859	<div><p>Calligrapha argus Stål, 1859</p><p>Stål, C. 1859: 324.</p><p>(Figs 2 d, 6b, 9i, 9j, 10)</p><p>Chrysomela argus: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 277.</p><p>Calligrapha argus: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3432.</p><p>Calligrapha argus: Steinheil, 1877, Mittheil. Münch. Ent. Ver. 1, p. 32</p><p>Calligrapha argus: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 201.</p><p>Calligrapha famularis: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 201. Calligrapha argus: Jacoby, 1892, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, suppl., p. 246. Chrysomela argus: Dugés, 1901, Cat. Col. Coleópt. Mex., p. 97.</p><p>Polyspila argus: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 38.</p><p>Calligrapha argus: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera var. argus: Bechyné, 1952, Entom. Arb. Mus. Frey 3, p. 4. Calligrapha ramulifera s. argus: Blackwelder, 1957, Checklist Col., Pt. 6, p. 1436. Calligrapha argus: Bechyné &amp; Springlová de Bechyné, 1965, Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay 3, p. 48. Calligrapha argus: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha famularis: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha argus: Burgos-Solorio &amp; Anaya-Rosales, 2004, Acta Zool. Mex. 20(3), p. 45. Calligrapha argus: Flowers, 2004, Rev. Biol. Trop., p. 80.</p><p>Calligrapha ramulifera: Gómez-Zurita et al., 2006, Evolution, 60, p. 332. Calligrapha argus: Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014, Zool. Scr. 43, p. 607.</p><p>Jacoby (1882) expressed doubts about the conspecificity of this taxon with C. ramulifera Stål, and this prompted some nomenclature instability by subsequent authors possibly without revising relevant type material, which would have shown at once the remarkable differences between both taxa (e.g., Gómez-Zurita et al. 2006). Bechyné (1952), for instance, proposed that C. argus was but a mere colour variety of C. ramulifera with larger spots on elytra, a stance followed shortly by Blackwelder (1957) in his corrigenda to the Checklist of American beetles, but proposing a subspecific status for the former taxon. Years later, J. Bechyné actually withdraw his earlier opinion explicitly describing several differences found between both species (Bechyné &amp; Springlová de Bechyné 1965), a viewpoint which I completely endorse here.</p><p>I found two specimens from Mexico, the locality mentioned in the original description, labelled as types, one in the collection in Stockholm (NRM) and one in London (NHM). The original description of C. argus is, like most others, very succinct but it is possible to deduce that it was based on a single specimen, since the author gave a discrete size for the specimen. The specimen at NRM fits these dimensions as well as the other details in the description. The one at NHM was very likely seen by C. Stål because it is labelled "Campeche", an unusual locality mentioned precisely for this species in his later monograph. However, this origin is not given in the orignal description and the size of the specimen has poorer fit with the measures given by C. Stål, therefore, I designate here as lectotype the specimen in the NRM collection.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Mexico / Chevrol. / Type / Typus [red] (NRM).</p><p>Paralectotype: Campeche, Pilate / Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle / Baly Coll. / argus Stål Mexico [underneath: Type Stål Col. Deyrolle] (NHM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 6b). Length: 9.39 mm, width: 5.57 mm. Body oval oblong, moderately convex. Head, pronotum, scutellum, epipleura, apendages, ventral surfaces and elytral markings reddish brown; antennae and palpi paler. Apex of mandibles and narrow anterior and lateral margins of pronotum blackish. Elytra creamy yellow, brighter around margin and markings.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; surface microreticulate, moderately strongly punctured, sparser on vertex and around antennal insertions; longitudinal frontal suture perpendicularly joining obtuse V-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular sulci parallel to frontal suture, running close to dorsal margin of eye; eyes elongated dorsoventrally, finely faceted. Antennae relatively short, reaching humeri; first antennomere long, thick nearly straight posteriorly and convex at anterior border; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and nearly glabrous; second antennomere half as long as first, third slightly shorter than first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth subequal to second; antennomeres gradually lengthening beyond sixth antennomere; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, darker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent beyond eighth antennomere; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex and slightly emarginate dorsally. Labrum relatively small, sides regularly curved, anterior border emarginate, laterally on disc with nearly straight, long pale traslucent setae directed forwards. Mandibles large, strong, largely protruding, about 4x beyond apex of labrum; sides concave before strong preapical curvature; surface covered by very strong punctures except at smooth molar area, each puncture with a very long whitish seta. Last maxillary palpomere broad, parallel-sided at apical half, slightly obliquely truncated at apex. Pronotum 1.88 times broader at base than long medially; surface microsculptured with irregularly sparse punctation, stronger (2– 3 x) and denser towards sides; apical border bisinuated, finely margined behind head, with markedly protruding anterior angles, with thicker margin; posterior border broadly convex, unmargined; sides margined, nearly straight, subparallel at basal 1/3, gently and regularly curved towards anterior angles. Hypomeral suture (Fig. 1 d) deep, parallel to pronotal margin, curved basally, close but not reaching pronotal base, and regularly curved apically, following basal contour of anterior pronotal angle; hypomera finely shagreened, unpunctured, finely transversely wrinkled at base. Prosternum punctured near coxae; prosternal process narrow between coxae, gradually expanding apically, reaching slightly beyond coxae, cut almost straight at apex. Metepisterna strongly punctured; punctures elongated, dense, confluent at apical 1/3. Metaventrite regularly punctured at sides, with fine sparse pubescence. Scutellum narrowly triangular (W/L=0.7) with sides gently curved; feebly convex, shiny, unpunctured. Elytra slightly broader than pronotum; surface finely and sparsely punctured with brownish minute spots, punctures irregularly scattered except at regular premarginal line; space between premarginal line and margin of elytra smooth, unpunctured; dark markings surrounded by stronger punctures; scutellar row of punctures present. Markings: (i) uninterrupted sutural stripe basally surrounding scutellum and reaching elytral apex suddenly and obliquely narrowed; (ii) subsutural stripe divergent from sutural stripe basally, shortly for 5–6 punctures; slightly widened preapically; (iii) arcuate band continuous and confluent for most of its length with subsutural stripe, except briefly at basal end and apically, shaped as big round spot; (iv) humeral lunule well defined, also by surrounding punctures; base detached from basal margin of elytron, apex at level with basal end of arcuate band; confluent basally by half of its length with (v) elongated humeral spot, basally free from basal margin of elytron, slightly broader than humeral lunule, with punctures inside marking and imperfectly surrounded by punctures; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, roundish with small basal emargination but punctures defining U-shape; (vii) spot of apical declivity of elytra large and laterally confluent with preapical enlargement of subsutural stripe; (viii) apical spot round, free; (ix) midlateral spot large (seven punctures of premarginal line), subrectangular, laterally confluent with brownish elytral margin; (x) nine additional discal spots loosely arranged in a 3-1-2-1-2 oblique pattern. Legs mostly unpunctured, very finely and sparsely pubescent except at tibial apices, with dense golden pubescence; tibiae broadening apically, externally furrowed at apical third, furrow broadening towards tarsal insertion. Penis as in Figs 9 i, 9j.</p><p>Distribution. This is one of the species in the group with a wider distribution, ranging from the southern half of Mexico (particularly in the Caribbean domain) to Venezuela, through Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia (Fig. 10). It is one of the three species in this evolutionary lineage that possibly reached the Caribbean NW South American region from its main distribution in the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain in recent times (Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014).</p><p>Material examined (350 specimens).</p><p>BELIZE</p><p>NMB: (1) one specimen: Br. Honduras, Punta Gorda, 1915, Col. R. Vitalis, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Bechyné det. 1954. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Belize, Toledo dist., Blue Creek Village, 18 June 1981, W.E. Steiner, Earthwatch Belize Expedition 1981, D.H. Messersmith, W.E. Steiner et al., Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>COLOMBIA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Sevilla, Mgd. Colombia, v.6.28, Darlington, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NHM: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha pacta Dej. Columbia, [illegible], Chrysomela argus Stål, Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, 426, Calligrapha pacta Dej. Colombia, argus Stål Stål, 67-56; (3) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, 479, Granada, 67-56. NRM: (1) one specimen: Columbia, Stål.</p><p>COSTA RICA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Monte Verde, Cordillera de Tilarán, 10.iii.1991, M.E. Rice, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Finca Taboga Res. Farm, 9.vii.1966, G.R. Buckingham; (2) two specimens: Costa Rica, Ala. Pr., 8 km S S. Ramon, 31.v.1980, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha argus St. Det. E.G. Riley ’80; (3) one specimen: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, La Pacífica, nr. Cañas, 8.vi.1983, J.E. Wappes; (4) two specimens: Costa Rica, Pun., 13 mi NW Esparza, 250’, 19.vi.1974, C.W. &amp; L.B. O’Brien &amp; G.B. Marshall, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 23–27.v.1987, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (6) four specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, 4 km NE San Luis de Guacimal, 22.ii.1987, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. IBE-JGZ: (1) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-0077, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Area Conservación Guanacaste, Sector Santa Elena, Potrero Grande, 27/05/2000, A. Solís leg. MfN: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Piedras Negras, Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Calligrapha notatipennis Stål. NHM: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, 92-18, C. suboculata Stål; (2) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000ft, H. Rogers, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) one specimen: Surface of fallen tree, Dry tropical forest, Costa Rica, Volcán Rincón de la Vieja, 10º47'N 85º19'W 2700', 18.iii.1982, R.J. Kirby &amp; S.A. Speight BM1982-260. NMB: (1) one specimen: Turrialba, Costa Rica, C. argus ab. famularis St. J. Bechyné det. 1951; (2) one specimen: Bebedero, Costa Rica, Reimoser; (3) one specimen: Turrialba, Costa Rica. NMCZ: (1) two specimens: Costa Rica, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [one with: Calligrapha argus St.]. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 17.iii.30, Turrucares 600 m, Pacifikseite, unter loser Rinde vorsteckt, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, Guanacaste, Mai 1932, P. Assmann leg.; (3) one specimen: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 17.i.30, Sta Maria (Tilerán) 800 m, W.S. Thomas leg.; (4) one specimen: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Hacienda Palo Verde, 6–15 July 1976, J.C. Solomon coll., 122, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Costa Rica, Cent. Am. ix.1.1906, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (6) two specimens: Finca La Pacífica, 7 km NW Cañas, Guanacaste Prov., Costa Rica, DHJ, Jun, 17–24, 1969 [one with: Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (7) one specimen: Costa Rica, Rio Corobici, Las Canas, 15 June 1967, Flint &amp; Ortiz; (8) one specimen: Costa Rica, Guanacaste Prov., Lomas Barbudel Res., 13 July 1989, leg. David G. Furth, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, 29 km WSW Cañas, Sta. OTS Paloverde, 10º21’N 85º21’W, 30 June 1976, H.A. Hespenheide, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>EL SALVADOR</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: El Salvador, Ahuachapan, Apaneca, 4500 ft, 7–12.ix.2002, D. Marqua, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: El Salvador, Tamanique 1000 m, 5.xii.1971, S. &amp; L. Steinhauser, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) one specimen: El Salvador, Vol. Conchagua, 27–29 May 1958, O.L. Cartwright, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: No. 444-2806, 5.vii.54, Metapan, M.S.V.; (3) two specimens: No. 444-7813, 15.vi.54, La Unión, M.S.V.</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Guat. City, Las Hamacas Tr. Pk., 5–8.viii.1979, Thomas &amp; Case, Calligrapha argus St. det. Daccordi ’81. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Baja Veracruz, 6–9 km E Purulhá 5000’, 15–24.iv.1990, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) three specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, Ex Godman and Salvin [one with: Calligrapha argus Stål]; (2) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, C. Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (3) one specimen: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (4) one specimen: Panzos, Vera Paz, Conradt, Jacoby 2nd; (5) one specimen: Teleman, Vera Paz, Champion, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (6) one specimen: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, Jacoby 2nd Coll. MfN: (1) two specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, 96424 [one with: Calligrapha argus St.]; (2) one specimen: Guatemala, [illegible]. MTJM: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Suchitepequez Dept., Finca Los Tarrales, ca. 8 km N of Patulul, 14º32.37’N 91º08.17’W, 760 m, 4 June 2005, R.S. Zack, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NHM: (1) one specimen: El Reposo, 800ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) four specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) two specimens: S. Geronimo, Guatemala, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4000ft., Champion, Godman- Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, Rodríguez, Biol. Centr. Amer. Collection; (6) one specimen: Checoj, Vera Paz, Champion, Biol. Centr. Amer. Collection; (7) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4–5000ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Chicacao, 13.vii.1949, T.H. Farr, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion [one with: Calligrapha argus Stål]; (3) one specimen: Guatemala, San Pedro, 11823, 9-13- ’60, 22083, in Orchidaceae, Calligrapha sp. DMW. NRM: (1) two specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion; (2) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4–5000ft. Champion, Calligrapha argus Stål; (3) one specimen: Cerro Zunil, 4–5000ft. Champion; (4) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion. OUMNH: (1) nine specimens: Chacoj, Vera Paz, Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84; (2) one specimen: Panajachel, 5000 ft, Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Panzos, Vera Paz, Conradt, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) six specimens: Cerro Zunil, [four with: 4–5000 ft; two with: 4000 ft], Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) sixteen specimens: Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Patului, [one with: 15.8.83; three with: 1.7.83; two with: 10.8.83; three with: 16.8.83; seven with: 10.7.83], A. Poll, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>HONDURAS</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Honduras, Cortes Hill, behind San Pedro Sula, 17.ix.1984, C.W. O’Brien. FSCA: (1) two specimens: Honduras, Intibuca, 18 km W La Esperanza, 3.xii.1995, F.W. Skillman; (2) one specimen: Honduras, Choluteca, Cerro Guanacuare, 4.vi.1993, F.W. Skillman, Jr.; (3) one specimen: Honduras, Francisco Morazon Zamorano, 4.x.1993, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha argus Stal Det. E.G. Riley ’93; (4) one specimen: Honduras, Francisco, Morazon, 25.5 km SSW Talanga, 3.vi.1993, M.C. Thomas, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (5) four specimens: Honduras, El Paraíso, Yuscarán, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha argus St. Det. E.G. Riley ’03 [three with: 14.vii.2001; one with: 21.vii.2001]; (6) one specimen: Honduras, El Paraíso, Yuscarán 840 m, 4–8.viii.1992, L. Stange &amp; C. Porter, degradated wet forest, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Sn. P. Sula, Hond. NHM: (1) one specimen: Honduras, 45-123; (2) two specimens: Hond. [illegible], Baly Coll. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Hond., El P. vic Yuscaran, 18 May 1995, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha argus (Stål) det. J.E. Wappes 2002 . TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0534460, Honduras, Comayagua, 30 mi E Tegucigalpa, 31.vii.1982, Robert W. Jones, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) three specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 27–28.v.1979, E.G. Riley, on Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae); (2) two specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, [one with: 25–30.iii.1978; one with: 19–23.v.1979], E.G. Riley; (3) four specimens: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 6 mi S Gomez Farias, 25–30.iii.1978 [one with: F. Breitenbach; one with: Marlin E. Rice Coll.]; (4) six specimens: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto, at the falls, 26.v.1979 [three with: Marlin E. Rice Coll.; three with: E.G. Riley]; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, 37 mi NW Tehuantepec, 1500 ft, 12.viii.1974, O’Brien &amp; Marshall; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, 16 km W Ocozocautla, Aguacera, 16.vi, D.B. Thomas; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Oaxaca border, Hwy90, 28.vii.1988, D.B. and A.M. Thomas; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, El Aguacero, 25.vi.1989, P. Lago, J. Burne &amp; D. Thomas; (9) three specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, El Aguacero, D.B. &amp; A.M. Thomas [one with: 14.vi.1988; two with: 29.vii.1988, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Simojovel, 20.x.1988, Thomas, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, 16 km W Ocozocoautla, 20.vi.1987, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus St. Det. J. Watts 1993; (2) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto Falls, 3.vii.1990, J.K. Adams; (3) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosi, El Salto Falls, 29.vi.1968, H.V. Weems, Jr.; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 1–2 mi E N Morelos, 2.vi.1982, J.E. Wappes; (5) sixteen specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 16.5 mi S Catemaco, Hwy180, 17–25.vi.1985, Askevold &amp; Heffern [one with: Calligrapha argus Stal det. M. Daccordi 1986]; (6) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 5.2 mi S Catemaco, Hwy180, 17.vi.1985, Askevold &amp; Heffern [one with: Calligrapha argus Stal det. I. Askevold 1986]; (7) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 1.5 mi NE Tatahuicapan, 25.vi.1985, Askevold &amp; Heffern; (8) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, vic. of El Salto de Eyipantla, 15 km S San Andres Tuxtla, 15–28.vi.1985, Askevold &amp; Heffern; (9) three specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, Lake Catemaco, 7.vii.1965, G.H. Nelson, sweeping roadside vegetation, Calligrapha argus St. det. A.J. Gilbert ’87; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Hwy145, 6 mi S Tinaja, 25.vii.1972, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 7.4 km E Tancuayalab, 24.vii.1988, R. Turbow, Calligrapha argus St. det. E. G. Riley ’93; (12) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto, 19.vi.1973, H.W. Weems, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (13) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Hwy190, Chiapas de Corsa, 3.viii.2001, W. Opitz, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Mun. de Aldana, Rancho Nuevo, Barra Coma, 11–28.vi.1979, D.F. Gicca, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, 9 km N Arriaga, 15.x.1988, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Mex.; (2) one specimen: Mex., A.P. Morse Coll., Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) one specimen: Tuxtla, San Andrés, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll.; (4) one specimen: Yucatan, contigua Chev. [illegible], 1st Jacoby Coll.; (5) two specimens: Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: 29787, argus Stål, Mexico, Ehrenb.; (2) two specimens: Atoyac; (3) one specimen: Tapachula; (4) one specimen: Sierra de Zungolica [Zongolica], 583, scalaris Lec.; (5) one specimen: Tupataro, 21; (6) two specimens: Mexico, Flohr. NHM: (1) one specimen: Temax, N. Yucatan, Gaumer; (2) one specimen: Tepachula, Chiapas, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) one specimen: Juquila, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha multipunctata Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen: Veracruz, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 643, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Minas Viejas, Mexico, Dr. Palmer, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen: Almolonga, Mexico, Hoege, Godman- Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen: C. Campeche, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha argus Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: 644]; (8) one specimen: Calligrapha, Mexico, Pascoe Coll. 9360; (9) one specimen: Chiapas, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha famularis Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (10) one specimen: Tuxtla, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha famularis Stål apud Sallé, Biol. Centr. Amer. Collection; (11) one specimen: Etla, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha famularis Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (12) one specimen: Atoyac, Vera Cruz, May, H.H.S., Calligrapha argus, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr. -Amer.; (13) one specimen: Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Mexique, famularis Stål, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) three specimens: Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Mexico, at Miami, 6.xi.1968, H.L. Rubin, with Tillandsia sp. plants 68-27132, Calligrapha sp. nr. labyrinthica Stal d. R.E. White, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mex. ii.11.46, Laredo Tex. on orchid plant 46-1591, Calligrapha sp. perhaps notatipennis Stal HSB’46, 46-1591; (3) one specimen: Sierra de Durango, gift F.C. Bowditch, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: Calligrapha sp. Det. S.W. Lingafelter 1997, Ex Mexico on Chamaedorea, III- 17-97, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (5) one specimen: Temax, N. Yucatan, Gaumer, Calligrapha multipustulata Stål; (6) one specimen: Tampico Mex., Lar. Tex. 60649, Mar. 13-60, 8556, bromeliad, Calligrapha sp. prob. argus Stål DMW; (7) one specimen: Mexico Dist. Federal 31.i.1949, Laredo, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha argus Stål F. Monrós det. 1954; (8) one specimen: Mexique, gift of F.C. Bowditch; (9) one specimen: Chiapas, 19 km N Arriaga, June 23, 1987, J.E. Wappes; (10) one specimen: Tamazunchale, S.L. Potosí, Mex., vi.19.41, col. &amp; pres. by Henry S. Dybas, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) one specimen: Chiapas, Mex., L. Hotzen ’19, Pacific Slope Cordilleras 800–1000 m, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (12) five specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, 33.7 mi N Huixtla 6000’, ii.26 –27.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (13) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 22.0 mi E Jalapa, Rte. 140, 1000’, iii.9.66, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Ver., Cordoba, vii.28.1964, A.B. Lau, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (15) one specimen: Veracruz, Mexico, Sallé Coll.; (16) two specimens: Mexico, Vera Cruz, 30.i.67, Gonzalez et al. #Brownsville 90583, Lot.#67-4686, Tillandsia sp., Calligrapha sp. Det. R.E. White; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Vera Cruz, 30.i.67, Gonzalez et al. #Brownsville 90587, Lot.#67-4690, Bromeliads sp.; (18) two specimens: Atoyac, vii.14.41, Vera Cruz, Mex., Col. by H.S. Dybas, F. Monrós Collection 1959 [one with: Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (19) one specimen: Mexico, Campeche, Edizna, 150’, iv. 22.1966 in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (20) two specimens: Mexico, at Laredo 30.xi.67, Warren &amp; Bauman on bromeliad plnts [one with: Calligrapha sp. nr. diversa Stal d. R. White]; (21) one specimen: Mexico, Laredo 29.iii.1947, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (22) one specimen: Laredo, Tex., ex. S.L. Potosi, Mex., iii.19.56, Watt, Tillandsia plant 56-3676, Calligrapha sp. DMW56; (23) one specimen: Mexico, Huichihuayan, S.L.P., iii.27.58, Fouts colr., on Tillandsia plant, Laredo Tex. 58517, 58-6331, Calligrapha sp. det. D.M. Weisman, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (24) one specimen: Mexico, SLP at Brownsville, 11.16.66, Heinrich &amp; Burgess w. bromeliads 66-30323, Calligrapha sp. d. R. White; (25) one specimen: Tamazanchule, S.L.P., Mex., ix.23.46, E.S. Ross collector, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (26) one specimen: Texas/ Mexico, 4 I 1972, D. Johnston, San Antonio 2914, Florist whse., Lot. 72-2882, Calligrapha sp. det. R. White, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: X0533764 and X0547082, Mexico, Chiapas, [Aguaceros], 40 km W Tuxtla Gutiérrez, 21.vi.1987, at light, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: X0534994, Mexico, Chiapas, [Aguaceros], 40 km W Tuxtla Gutiérrez, 20.vi.1987, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) four specimens: [X0533940, X0538585, X0540150 and X0544532], Mexico, Veracruz, Panuco, 27.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: X0537162, Mexico, Veracruz, San Andrés Tuxtla, 15.vii.1964, Merril H. Sweet; (5) two specimens: [X0539034 and X0541214], Mexico, Veracruz, Los Tuxtlas Range, Laguna Encantada, 18.viii.1960, D.C. Robinson; (6) two specimens: [X0542378 and X0546254], Mexico, Veracruz, Catemaco, 22.viii.1967, Horace R. Burke &amp; J. Hafernik; (7) one specimen: X0547338, Mexico, Tabasco, 20 km W Cardenas, Campo Exp. CSAT, 22.vii.1980, Joseph C. Schaffner, Janis Weaver &amp; Timothy P. Friedlander; (8) one specimen: X0552475, Mexico, Chiapas, 9.5 mi NW Pichucalco, 3.viii.1980, Joseph C. Schaffner, Jannis Weaver &amp; Timothy P. Friedlander.</p><p>NICARAGUA</p><p>IBE-JGZ: (1) two specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C105, IBE-JGZ-C106], Nicaragua, Rivas, Finca Sierra Serena UTM 16P-657865-1242291, 21 September 2009, J.-M. Maes leg.; (2) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C232, Nicaragua, Rivas, Finca Guadalupe, 10–12/07/2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (3) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C233, Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Finca Las Flores, 13.192742N 86.331123W 870m, Abril 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (4) two specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C240, IBE-JGZ-C254], Nicaragua, Rivas, Finca Isla Vista, 6–7/07/2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (5) four specimens: [IBE-JGZ-C257, IBE-JGZ-C258, IBE-JGZ-C259, IBE-JGZ-C260], Nicaragua, Rivas, Cárdenas, Finca Sierra Serena, 14/07/2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (6) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2181, Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Finca Bartolo UTM 16P-0573112-1459212 993m, Junio 2010, A. del Socorro &amp; B. Nimia leg.; (7) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2183, Nicaragua, Montelimar, Reserva Natura, parcela 1, 8/10/2010, J.-M. Maes leg. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Chontales, Nicaragua, 1st Jacoby Coll. NHM: (1) one specimen: Chontales, Nicaragua, T. Belt, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Janson, Nicarag., Chont.s, Fry Coll. 1905.100. NMNH: (1) one specimen: La Calera, Nic., 15/viii/55, trampa luminica, C. Espinoza R. Bradley 57-70, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Nicaragua, Pachomil, vi.71, J. Maldonado C.; (3) one specimen: Consequina Slope, Nicaragua, vii.7.32, M. Willows Jr. collector, Templeton Crocker Exp. 1932, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>PANAMA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Panama, Canal Zone, La Pita Signal Station rd., 8.vi.1976, E.G. Riley; (2) three specimens: Panama, Canal Zone, Fort Kobbe, [one with: 28.vi.1970; one with: 6.vi.1976; one with: 15.vi.1976], E.G. Riley; (3) two specimens: Panama, Canal Zone, Diablo Heights, [one with: 30.iv.1971; one with: 15.vi.1970], E.G. Riley; (4) one specimen: Panama, Canal Zone, Gamboa, 11.vi.1976, E.G. Riley; (5) one specimen: Panama, Canal Zone, Achiote rd, 10 km SW Gatun, 12.vi.1976, E.G. Riley; (6) one specimen: Panama, C.Z., Cardenas Village, 22.v.1980, E.G. Riley &amp; D. LeDoux; (7) two specimens: Panama, C.Z., K-1 rd., near Fort Kobbe, 19.v.1980, E.G. Riley &amp; D. LeDoux; (8) one specimen: Panama, C.Z., Gamboa, 18.v.1980, E.G. Riley &amp; D. LeDoux. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Panama, Summit Gardens, Canal Zone, 25.v.1977, R. Davis, Jr.; (2) one specimen: Panama, Colon, vic. Ft. Sherman, 24.ii.1999, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha argus Stal Det. E.G. Riley ’01; (3) one specimen: Panama, Panama, 10 km N El Llano, 15.ii.1987, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (4) two specimens: Panama, Canal Zone, Ft. Gulick, H.J. Harlan, E.J. Gerberg Collection, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011 [one with: June 1979; one with: 17.v.1979]. IBE-JGZ: (1) three specimens: Panama, Isla Colón, ii/95, lgt. D. Buzga. MCZ: (1) four specimens: Panama, Panama [one with: Cal. argus St.]; (2) one specimen: Panama, Bella Vista, 2.vii.1924, N. Banks, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) one specimen: V. de Chiriqui, 25–4000 ft, Champion, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (4) four specimens: Panama, Panama. NHM: (1) one specimen: V. de Chiriqui, 25–4000ft, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.- Amer.; (2) one specimen: San Lorenzo, Panama, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Panama, Chiriqui Prv., 4 km E Boqueti, 16 May 1996, Wappes, Huether &amp; Morris; (2) one specimen: April 23, 1911, Panama Pan., E.A. Schwarz collector; (3) one specimen: Calebra, C.Z., Pan., Collection F. Knab; (4) one specimen: Canal Zone 100 m, 5.0 mi NW Gamboa 9º10’00’’N 79º45’00’’W, sample 5–7, 6 Apr 1976, Montgomery &amp; Lubin coll., canopy fogging experiment in Luehea seemanni, Pyrethrin fog; (5) one specimen: Paraiso CZ, Pan, May 9, 11, E.A. Shwarz, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: Pan., Panama Prov., Cerro Campana 17.v.1999, Morris/Wappes, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0535600, Panamá, Chiriquí, vic. Hornito, 14–18.v.1996, James E. Wappes, Huether &amp; Morris, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: X0536682, Panama, Cerro Campana, 7.i.1994, James E. Wappes, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>VENEZUELA</p><p>NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Caracas, Sallé, simillima var . Stal Caracas, famularis Stal Mex., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) two specimens: Vénézuéla, L. Laglaize, Déc. 1896, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [one with: Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009]. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Venezuela, Trujillo, La Puerta 1700 mts., 1.iv.1947, H.E. Box. NRM: (1) one specimen: Venezuela, Tarnier, … Deg.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MfN: (1) five specimens: [no data]. NHM: (1) one specimen: [illegible], Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: C., 160, Baly Coll.; (3) two specimens: E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56; (4) one specimen: 67-56; (5) one specimen: E. Coll. Thomson, 67-56; (6) one specimen: Baly Coll. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen: Calligrapha famularis St., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha argus Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Amer. Mer., gift of F.C. Bowditch; (2) one specimen: Norway, 17.ix.1971, L. Beikman, aircraft Lot 72-1433, Calligrapha sp. d. R. White. NRM: (1) one specimen: 342, Calligrapha argus .</p><p>Variation. My interpretation of C. argus is perhaps more consistent with considering this taxon a species complex, given that it exhibits a certain degree of variation that would allow further subdividing it into more taxa. Nevertheless, in general most specimens conform to the type in several characters, including divergent basal ends of subsutural stripe, free humeral marking, free and round spot enclosed by humeral lunule, divergent basal end and roundish divergent apical end of arcuate band, well-delimited and orderly arranged additional spots on disc, and brick-reddish tint to dark body parts. However, some specimens tentatively placed within this group with large midlateral spot, laterally confluent with margin of elytron, deviate in one or several characters from the type and are reminiscent of C. multipustulata . These include a narrow connection of humeral marking with dark basal margin of elytron; an irregular spot enclosed by humeral lunule narrowly connected to it; an humeral lunule with its apical half separated from the rest; a broken, irregular apex of arcuate band; certain variation in the number of additional spots due to confluence/fragmentation (although they are generally ten), the innermost spot usually confluent with external concavity of arcuate band; and/or the pigmentation can be much darker, blackish bronzy, and the contrast between pale background and paler area surrounding markings can be exacerbated. In my opinion, and judging from the illustration in Biologia Centrali Americana for C. famularis, Jacoby (1882) could have interpreted this taxon as some of these atypical forms of C. argus, in particular the large darker forms similar to C. multipustulata typical from Nicaragua. This interpretation would have grounded his proposition of C. famularis as an aberration of C. argus . The specimens from Venezuela held at MNPC have somewhat larger markings, with the spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, ovoid, elongated anteriad, and the spot on the concavity of arcuate band large, slightly oblique and narrowly connected to the latter marking, and they are also reminiscent of the configuration observed in C. famularis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D640EFF8E8F9CFD46FDBEFD8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6405FF928F9CFDFDFA78FA7F.text	039E355D6405FF928F9CFDFDFA78FA7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby 1877	<div><p>Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby, 1877</p><p>Jacoby, M. 1877: 519.</p><p>(Figs 7, 12 b, 13i, 13j)</p><p>Calligrapha elegantula: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 208. Polyspila elegantula: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 39.</p><p>Calligrapha elegantula: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha elegantula: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha elegantula: Flowers, 2004, Rev. Biol. Trop., p. 80.</p><p>Calligrapha elegantula: Gómez-Zurita et al., 2006, Evolution, 60, p. 332. Calligrapha elegantula: Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014, Zool. Scr. 43, p. 607.</p><p>In the original description for this species, there is no indication about the number of specimens that M. Jacoby used to describe it, but it is possible that it was a single specimen (e.g., beetle length is given as a single figure, not a range), and the only useful information links the type material to his own collection. This collection is mostly split between MCZ, MfN and NHM and there are specimens labelled as types in at least two of the Institutions. Most specimens, including these putative types, are labelled as originating from the Godman-Salvin expedition to Central America, or include collecting data compatible with this expedition (e.g., Ch. van Patten or H. Rogers as collectors, or the localities that the latter visited: Cache, Irazu). Based on M. Jacoby's introduction to his Phytophaga volumes in Biologia Centrali Americana, dated May 1892, he had been working on this material for twelve years, in any case with posteriority to having described C. elegantula Jac. Therefore, the identity of the type specimen has been lost, and a new type needs to be designated. This narrowly distributed species is also extraordinarily constant in patterns and colouration therefore any of the specimens is a good representation for the taxon. However, the one in particular labelled as type at MCZ deviates from the original description in presenting narrow areas connecting arcuate band and subsutural stripe (described as completely free) and most additional spots appear fused together in different degrees, while they are described as "sometimes connected with each other" (Jacoby 1877). I arbitrarily select here as neotype one specimen at NHM, representative of the variability found in the species and fully fitting Jacoby's description.</p><p>Neotype: R. Susio, Costa Rica. H. Rogers / C. elegantula Jac. [pale blue] / Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.- Amer. (NHM). Specimen lacks right metatarsus.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 12 b). Length: 8.05 mm, width: 4.98 mm. Body elongated oval. Head, mandibles, disc of labrum, antennae, mouth pieces, pronotum, scutellum, elytral markings, epipleura, ventral surfaces and legs black, shiny, with a hint of greenish metallic reflection; margins of labrum, narrow apex of antennal and maxillary segments, apex of mandibles, knees and claws dark rufous; background of elytra dark yellow, creamy yellow around markings.</p><p>Head large, deeply inserted in pronotum; surface finely microreticulate, moderately punctured, sparsely on frons; supraocular furrow impressed, straight, from antennal calli to shortly behind upper eye margin; frontal suture fine, deeper in depressed area of epistome, joining broadly V-shaped clypeal suture. Clypeus finely microreticulate, moderately strongly punctured with fine, long setae curved towards middle. Antennae slender but short, reaching humeri; antennomeres 2–6 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and almost glabrous; second antennomere half as long as first, third slightly shorter than first; antennomeres 3–5 shortening progressively, sixth longer than second; antennomeres lengthening gradually beyond fifth segment; antennomeres 7–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent, eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex and slightly emarginate dorsally; eighth antennomere 0.86x as wide as long. Labrum relatively long, smooth, emarginate anteriorly, with very long fine setae convergent medially. Mandibles large, sturdy, densely punctured except at apical molar area, with very long fine curved setae directed to middle; sides weakly concave before strong, regularly curved preapical curvature. Maxillary palpi long, pubescent with long fine setae; last palpomere subtrapezoidal, broader apically than basally, sides subparallel before basal curvature; previous palpomere twice as broad apically as basally, elbowed. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.96), sides straight, narrowly convergent from base, regularly smoothly curved at apical third towards moderately produced anterior angles; anterior border concave, posterior border convex; surface microreticulate, sparsely double punctured on disc, with fine and sparser minute punctures, stronger, deeper, sometimes confluent at sides; some round punctures near and at basal margin at sides; sides and apex with fine margin, invisible from above at sides; anterior angles with long setae strongly bent dorsolaterally backwards, and posterior angles with long setae bent laterally forwards. Hypomeral suture deep in basal 2/3, less impressed apically, strongly divergent from margin; hypomera shagreened, convex medially, unpunctured, transversally wrinkled basally. Prosternum concave and finely margined apically, microreticulate, punctured near coxae and laterally on process, with long fine setae; prosternal process narrow between coxae, sloping and weakly expanded at straight-cut apex. Mesanepisterna shagreened, with few irregularly impressed punctures at posterior angle. Metepisterna with weakly raised margins, densely punctured, almost rugose on shagreened background. Metaventrite leathery at sides, punctured mainly at anterior angles with fine long hairs on punctures, smooth and shiny medially. Scutellum small, lancet-like and relatively elongate (W/L=0.88), very finely microsculptured, unpunctured. Elytra elongated, broader than pronotum basally, with faintly marked shoulders, smoothly curved at sides before regular apical curvature; minutely, very sparsely punctured on pale areas, except by very regular premarginal line and at apical declivity, with scutellar row present; punctures around and within dark markings stronger. Markings: (i) sutural and subsutural stripes forming a continuous sutural marking, broadest at level with apex of scutellum, quickly narrowing at base almost reaching border of scutellum basally, and gradually narrowing posteriorly to apical angle of elytra, slightly widening again at apical declivity; (ii) arcuate band free on disc, gently curved, expanded apically as large subsquare spot; (iii) humeral spot and humeral lunule broadly confluent as large humeral marking, elongated on shoulder, with apex of lunule curved towards suture, slightly surpassing basal end of arcuate band; (iv) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, elongated oval; (v) spot of apical declivity large, subtriangular, longitudinally elongated, free; (vi) apical spot round, medium-sized, free; (vii) eight additional medium-sized to large markings on disc; largest irregular in shape between apical enlargement of arcuate band and elytral margin; one medium-sized round spot at concavity of arcuate band; two medium-sized round spots transversally arranged at apical declivity of elytra; five large spots in lateral declivity arranged in two rows parallel to margin, externally with three spots (the apicalmost largest, at level with apical enlargement of arcuate band), internally with two. Legs slender; femora shiny, finely, relatively densely punctured, with fine long and relatively dense hairs, mainly ventrally. Tibiae very hairy ventrally, with dense and long golden setae apically on rugose background; weakly carinated internally, shortly furrowed externally. Abdominal ventrites shiny, smooth, finely, densely punctured at basal half, with fine hairs; last abdominal ventrite punctured and hairy on all surface. Penis figured in Figs 13 i, 13j.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 7). The species, which is not rare in collections, was until now considered endemic from Costa Rica, most frequent in the northern half of the country. However, in the course of this study I have found specimens collected in coastal localities along the Bahia of Coronada in the Pacific south of Costa Rica, and one specimen seemingly collected in a Panamian locality, nearby the Costarican border, expanding its known range to the south. In any case, it is a Caribbean Mesoamerican endemic species. The Colombian and Mexican records at NMNH most likely represent mislabelled specimens.</p><p>Material examined (291 specimens).</p><p>COLOMBIA</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: Colombie, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ Dupl. Series.</p><p>COSTA RICA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Punt. Pr., Monteverde area, 4–6.vi.1980, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha elegantula Jac. Daccordi ’81; (2) twenty-six specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 26.v–3.vi.1984, E. Riley, D. Rieder &amp; D. LeDoux; (3) three specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas Prov., Monteverde 1300–1600 m, 6.i.1974, C. Barfield, taken from vegetation; (4) two specimens: Costa Rica, Guan., La Pacífica nr. Cañas, 22–26.v.1984, E. Riley, D. Rieder &amp; D. LeDoux. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde area, 4–6.vi.1980, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha elegantula Jac. Det. E.G. Riley ’82; (2) two specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 3.vi.1984, E. Riley, D. Rider &amp; D. LeDoux; (3) one specimen: Costa Rica, Ala. Province, 6–8 km W Atenas, 1–2.vi.1980, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha elegantula Jac., Det. E.G. Riley ’86; (4) one specimen: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, San Luis (Monteverde) 3900’, 12–13.v.1996, E. Giesbert; (5) one specimen: Costa Rica, San Jose, Monteverde, 21.vi.1976, at blacklight, J.K. Balciunas &amp; P.P. Habeck; (6) one specimen: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 27.ii.1987, E. Giesbert; (7) two specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, 4 km NE San Luis de Guacimal, 22.ii.1987, E. Giesbert. IBE-JGZ: (1) three specimens: [IBE-JGZ-0073, IBE-JGZ-0074, IBE-JGZ- 0075] Costa Rica, Zarcero, Alfaro Ruíz, 4/vi/2000, A. Solís leg., Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby, 1877 J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2003. MCZ: (1) one specimen4: Cache, Costa Rica, H. Rogers, 1st Jacoby Coll., Type 17438 [red label], 4. Specimen labelled as type prior to this study.</p><p>Jan. Jul.2004. MCZ Image Database; (2) one specimen: 473, Costa Rica, 473 Calligrapha elegantula Jac. [male; female] […]; (3) one specimen: C. Rica, elegantula; (4) one specimen: Costa Rica; (5) one specimen: Cartago; (6) one specimen: Costa Rica, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (7) two specimens: Costa Rica, Van Patten [one with: C. elegantula Jac.]; (8) one specimen: C. Rica, Calligrapha elegantula Jac.; (9) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Zarzero, 7, F.A. Eddy Collection; (10) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, San Jose; (11) five specimens: Hamburg Farm, March, Costa Rica, C.P. Dodge; (12) seven specimens: C. Rica [one with: Cal. elegantula Jac.]; (13) three specimens: Cache, Costa Rica, H. Rogers, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (14) one specimen: Irazu 6–7000 ft, H. Rogers, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (15) four specimens: Costa Rica, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (16) one specimen: Bebedero, Costa Rica (Underwood, 94); (17) one specimen: San José, Costa Rica (Underwood); (18) seven specimens: C. Rica; (19) one specimen: Escazu, Costa Rica, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (20) one specimen: Cariblanco, Costa Rica, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) four specimens: Costa Rica, Van Patten, 96374 [one with: C. elegantula Jac.]; (2) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000ft., H. Rogers, Calligrapha elegantula Jac.; (3) one specimen: R. Susio, Costa Rica, H. Rogers; (4) three specimens: Carthago, S. José, Costa Rica, C. Wercklé G.; (5) five specimens: 39600, Costa Rica, Fratz. [four specimens without data]; (6) three specimens: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, San Jose [one with: elegantula Jac.]; (7) two specimens: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Zarzero. MTJM: (1) two specimens: Costa Rica, Monteverde, 10º29’N 84º50’W, 1400 m, R.D. Akre, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009 [one with: Feb. 5, 1963; one with: Feb. 6, 1963]. NHM: (1) twelve specimens: Costa Rica, Sharp Coll. 1905-313; (2) four specimens: Costa Rica, Rogers, Sharp Coll. 1905-313; (3) two specimens: Costa Rica, 92-48 [one with: Calligrapha elegantula Jac.]; (4) two specimens: Costa Rica, Van Patten, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: Calligrapha elegantula]; (5) seven specimens: R. Susio, Costa Rica, H. Rogers, Godman- Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: C. elegantula Jac.]; (6) three specimens: Irazu, 6–7000ft, H. Rogers, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMB: (1) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Atenas, Calligrapha elegantula J. Bechyné det. 1951; (2) one specimen: Collection Schild-Burgdorf, Costa Rica, Zarcero; (3) two specimens: Carpintera, Costa Rica, Reimoser. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, 475, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) six specimens: Costa Rica, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Quepos, Puntarenas C.R., 19-5-55, on Sida sp. [one with: Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) one specimen: La Carpentera, Costa Rica, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha elegantula Jac., F. Monrós det. 1954; (3) two specimens: San Jose, Costa Rica, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (4) two specimens: C. Rica, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (5) three specimens: Costa Rica, 30-iii-1948, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (6) twelve specimens: Costa Rica, El Alto de Ochomogo, 28.vi. 934, C.H. Ballon s/ maiz escobilla, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (7) one specimen: Costa Rica, San Ramón de Tres Ríos, ix.1991, J.M. Maes, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby 1991 Det. C.L. Staines; (8) one specimen: Irazu, Costa Rica, Coll. Schild &amp; Burgdorf; (9) four specimens: Zarzero, Costa Rica, Coll. Schild &amp; Burgdorf; (10) one specimen: Costa Rica, Van Patten; (11) two specimens: San Jose, C.R., J.F. Tristan coll. [one with: Apr. 28]; (12) three specimens: C. Rica, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (13) one specimen: La Palma, C.R., 1500 m alt., C.H. Lankester collector, Calligrapha elegantula Jac. F. Monrós det. 1953; (14) one specimen: San Jose, C.R., 1160 m, M. Valerio coll., Calligrapha elegantula Jac. F. Monrós det. 1953; (15) eight specimens: El Alto de Ochomogo, C.R., 6.28.34, C.H. Ballou, on corn escobilla, C.R. No 1368 [one with: Calligrapha elegantula Jac. HSB]; (16) twelve specimens (within a capsule): El Alto de Ochomago, C.R., 6-28-34, C.H. Ballou, on corn+escobilla, C.R. No. 1368, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (17) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000 ft, H. Rogers; (18) one specimen: Costa Rica, V. Patten, Calligramma elegantula Jac.; (19) one specimen: La Carpentera, Costa Rica, April 1924, W.M. Mann; (20) one specimen: San Jose, C.R., 1160 m, M. Valerio coll.; (21) one specimen: Costa Rica, J.F. Tristan coll.; (22) one specimen: 11990, Turrialba C.R., 27-2-71, J.V. Mankins collector, Calligrapha elegantula Det. 1977, J.V. Mankins; (23) two specimens: Costa Rica, Heredia, Finca La Selva, 21–30 July 1976, J.C. Solomon Coll.; (24) six specimens: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, iii.33, Guayabillos SW Abhang Irazu 2200 m [one with: iii.33]; (25) one specimen: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 25.viii.28, San Jose 1000–1200 m, an grasnarbe; (26) three specimens: Costa Rica; (27) three specimens: Costa Rica, Oct.; (28) two specimens: Coronado, Costa Rica, July 1923, T. Assman, Nevermann Collection 1940; (29) two specimens: San Jose, C.R., March 1921, Nevermann Collection 1940; (30) one specimen: Costa Rica, Monteverde, November 1981, N.J. Besansky; (31) ten specimens: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde area, 6–14 June 1973, 1400–1700 m, Erwin &amp; Hevel Central American Expedition 1973; (32) two specimens: Costa Rica, Punt. Prov., Monteverde 1430 mts., 23 February 1978, E.R. Snyder Hodges; (33) four specimens: Costa Rica, Heredia, 1800 m, Monte de la Cruz, 1 July 2001, C.L. Staines; (34) one specimen: on bromeliad plants, San Jose, Costa Rica, iv.5.61, A.S. Mills Coll, Miami 16264, 10t61-11378, Calligrapha sp. det. D.M. Weisman; (35) one specimen: Irazu, 6–7000 ft, H. Rogers; (36) one specimen: Costa Rica, San Jose 10 km N, 9 Aug 1972; (37) one specimen: Costa Rica, Volcan Irazu, 15 May 1951, O.L. Cartwright; (38) one specimen: NW Costa Rica, Oct. 22–31, 1992, Coll. R. Pienkowski; (39) one specimen: Costa Rica, San Jose 1100–1200 m, August 1980, N.L.H. Krauss; (40) one specimen: Costa Rica, Vista de Mar, xi.21.1965, N.L.H. Krauss; (41) two specimens: Costa Rica, Heredia, Hwy32 at San Jose border, 8 January 1995, C.L. &amp; S.L. Staines. NRM: (1) one specimen: Costa Rica, Van Patten, Calligr. elegantula Jac. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: Cache, Costa Rica, H. Rogers, B.C.A. duplicates, presented 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha diversa Stål, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens: [X0537769 and X0540719], Costa Rica, Alajuela, 10 km N San Pedro, 26.vii.1990, William F. Chamberlain; (2) one specimen: X0540763, Costa Rica, Cartago, Juan Viñas, 5.viii.1990, William F. Chamberlain; (3) one specimen: X0540842, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 2.viii.1990, G.M. Chamberlain; (4) one specimen: X0541102, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 20–24.vi.1986, W. Hanson &amp; G. Bohart; (5) two specimens: [X0541496 and X0547150], Costa Rica, San José, San José, 19–20.xii.1987, F.D. Parker; (6) two specimens: [X0547858 and X0549945], Costa Rica, San José, San José, 27–29.xii.1987, F.D. Parker; (7) five specimens: [X0542347, X0546293, X0546589, X0547506 and X0550458], Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monte Verde, 6.i.1974, taken from vegetation, Carl Barfield; (8) one specimen: Costa Rica, San José, Escazu, 5–6.vii.1988, F.D. Parker.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: Mexico, R.F. Pearsall, Brooklyn Museum Colln 1929.</p><p>PANAMA</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: Panama, Chiriquí, Hartmann’s Finca, 4–6.vii.1997, J. Huether.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: elegantula; (2) one specimen: F.A. Eddy Collection; (3) one specimen: 38, Jacoby 2nd Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen: [no data]. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, bor, Calligrapha persimilis Reiche, Amer. bor., From the Brit. Mus. duplicates Pres. 1899, Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>Variation. Species very constant in appearance, showing slight differences in elytral maculation, for instance different confluence patterns among additional spots on disc, these with apex of arcuate band, or with apical spot or the spot on apical declivity; the basalmost spot can also be narrowly confluent with humeral marking externally. The basal end of the subsutural stripe is commonly confluent with sutural stripe, but sometimes it is slightly separated from it for a short distance. I have seen one specimen with the spot enclosed by humeral lunule confluent with the latter and another with the basal end of the arcuate band. The spot of apical declivity appeared very small in one specimen. Finally, in a single specimen at NMCZ, the apex of arcuate band presents two consecutive lobes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6405FF928F9CFDFDFA78FA7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6419FF988F9CF9A6FB7BFE4A.text	039E355D6419FF988F9CF9A6FB7BFE4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha diversa Stal 1859	<div><p>Calligrapha diversa Stål, 1859</p><p>Stål, C. 1859: 324.</p><p>(Figs 12 d, 13c, 13f, 14)</p><p>Chrysomela diversa: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 274.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia: Crotch, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1873, p. 50. Calligrapha diversa: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3433. Calligrapha diversa: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 196. Calligrapha diversa: Jacoby, 1892, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, suppl., p. 244. Chrysomela sylvia: Townsend, 1895, Canad. Entom., 27, p. 49.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia: Linell, 1896, J. New York Ent. Soc., 4, p. 200.</p><p>Polyspila diversa: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 39.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia: Leng, 1920, Cat. Col., p. 295.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia (pars): Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha diversa: Pallister, 1953, Am. Mus. Novit. 1623, p. 49.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Scherer, 1959, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey 10, p. 609.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha sylvia (pars): Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha diversa: Maes &amp; Staines, 1991, Rev. Nica. Ent. 18, p. 13.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Maes, 1998, Ins. Nica., vol. 2, p. 980.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Burgos-Solorio &amp; Anaya-Rosales, 2004, Acta Zool. Mex. 20(3), p. 46. Calligrapha diversa: Flowers, 2004, Rev. Biol. Trop., p. 80.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia: Gómez-Zurita, 2005, Can. Field Nat., 119, p. 95.</p><p>Calligrapha diversa: Montelongo &amp; Gómez-Zurita, 2014, Zool. Scr. 43, p. 607.</p><p>The species was described based on series of specimens from Mexico, which was at least originally split between the museums of Stockholm and Berlin (Stål 1865). However, the identity of these specimens has been lost and I designate here as lectotype the specimen currently labelled as type at NRM, which fits the species description and geographic provenance.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Mexico / Stål / Type / Typus [red] (NRM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 12 d). Length: 9.00 mm, width: 5.57 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, labrum, mandibles, antennae, pronotum, scutellum, epipleura, elytral markings, ventral surfaces and legs black, with feeble bronzy metallic reflection. Basal antennomeres ventrally and apically, margin of labrum, preapical area of mandibles and mouth parts dark reddish brown. Elytra dark creamy yellow, with paler areas surrounding margins and markings.</p><p>Head broad, deeply inserted in pronotum; relatively densely and moderately strongly punctured, except on antennal calli; supraocular area depressed with deeply impressed, slightly sinuated supraocular sulcus; frontal suture fine; clypeus with finer punctures, delimited by a broad U-shaped clypeal suture. Antennae relatively short, reaching humeri; first antennomere relatively long and thick, straight at posterior border, convex at anterior border, narrow basally; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and almost glabrous; second antennomere shortest, about half as long as first, third longer than first; antennomeres 3–5 shortening progressively, sixth clearly longer than second, and 5–8 subequal; antennomeres 8–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex; eighth antennomere 0.86x as wide as long. Labrum short, regularly curved at sides, weakly incised anteriorly. Mandibles large, sturdy, largely protruding (4x) beyond labrum, strongly punctured except at molar area, punctures with long translucent whitish thick setae; external margin slightly concave. Last maxillary palpomeres slightly broader than previous palpomere, parallel sided, feebly narrowing apically and obliquely truncated. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.87); anterior border nearly straight behind head, finely margined, moderately produced anteriorly at angles, with slightly broader margin; sides subparallel or weakly convergent at basal 2/3, regularly curved towards anterior angles, finely margined with margin invisible from above; basal border convex, unmargined; surface of pronotum microreticulate, sparsely and irregularly punctured on disc with relatively strong punctures, punctures disappearing or becoming finer laterally on disc, and stronger, confluent at sides; some elongated punctures near the base of pronotum. Hypomeral suture deep, nearly reaching base of pronotum; running subparallel to pronotal margin, slightly diverging at first, more divergent gradually at apex; hypomera microreticulate, unpunctured, transversely wrinkled basally. Prosternum microreticulate, strongly punctured near coxae; prosternal process narrow between coxae, rather convex; apex of prosternal process slightly expanded laterally, truncated straight at apex, with lateral lobes slightly raised. Mesepisterna microreticulate, irregularly impressed, without punctures. Metepisterna sparsely strongly punctured, with punctures elongated and confluent in apical narrow area. Metaventrite microreticulate, shagreened, weakly and sparsely punctured, mainly near angles. Scutellum flat, finely microreticulate, unpunctured, longer than wide at base (W/L=0.85). Elytra relatively finely punctured on interstrices, with premarginal regular line of fine, densely arranged punctures; punctures stronger around and within markings, in marginal and scutellar rows. Markings: (i) sutural stripe basally surrounding scutellum and reaching elytral apex, gradually narrowing; (ii) subsutural stripe nearly entirely confluent with sutural stripe except in basal 1/10, free divergent basal ends for length of five punctures; slightly widened preapically; (iii) arcuate band complete, largely confluent laterally with subsutural stripe except briefly (2–3 punctures) basally and apically; apical divergent end as large subrectangular spot slightly directed obliquely towards base of elytron; (iv) humeral spot elongate, totally confluent laterally with humeral lunule; apical third of humeral lunule obliquely directed towards suture, ending at level of basal end of arcuate band; (v) spot enclosed by humeral lunule medium sized, round, closer to inner concavity of lunule than to subsutural stripe; (vi) spot of apical declivity relatively small, free from subapical enlargement of subsutural stripe; (vii) apical spot round, as big as previous marking, free; (viii) seven additional medium sized roundish spots diagonally arranged in a 3-2-1-1 pattern; (ix) minute spot in space between apex of arcuate band, spot of apical declivity and apicalmost additional spot. Legs sparsely, relatively strongly punctured, mainly ventrally on femora and at tibial apex, with short golden pubescence. Abdominal ventrites shagreened, punctured near basal border and laterally, with short pale yellowish fine pubescence. Penis figured in Figs 13 c, 13f.</p><p>Distribution. This species is, together with C. argus, the one with the largest geographic range in this group, from southern Arizona (where it has been confused with C. sylvia), and one of the few reaching South America, to Venezuela (Fig. 14, black circles). For this work, I have seen specimens from Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, USA and Venezuela. Considering the information compiled for this study, in my opinion Crotch's (1873) record of C. sylvia from Arizona must have corresponded to C. diversa . Unfortunately, other authors perpetuated that interpretation until today, even though some early accounts, like that of Linell (1896), were critical about the presence of this species in the United States. In the current interpretation for the species as proposed here, this would be the Calligrapha species in this group with the largest geographic range, from the California-Rocky Mountain to the Caribbean Northwest South American domain. However, it is worth noting that the species seems to be absent from Panama, and the records from Costa Rica are scarce and without locality data, thus representing the only known case of a Calligrapha species with a disjunct distribution. This special distribution, coupled with a certain morphological diversity (see below) may suggest that C. diversa represents a species complex with several species involved, but I find it premature to split it in additional taxa.</p><p>Material examined (578 specimens).</p><p>CANADA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha spiraea Say Canada.</p><p>COLOMBIA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Cali, Colombia, ix.x.1.94, W. Rosenberg, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NHM: (1) three specimens: E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56 [one with: Colombia]; (2) one specimen: Colom.</p><p>COSTA RICA</p><p>NHM: (1) four specimens: Costa Rica, V. Patten, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen: Costa Rica, 201, 67-56, diversa Stål.</p><p>EL SALVADOR</p><p>NMHN: (1) one specimen: No. 444.2813, 5.vii.54, Metapan, Col. M.S.V., Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Baja Veracruz, rd to Santa Rosa, 6.x.2007, J. &amp; M. Huether, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala, 7.vii.1984, R. Pérez, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Guatemala, Antigua, 25–28.iv.1999, P.J. Landolt, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion; (2) one specimen: Gua.; (3) seven specimens: Guatem.; (4) fourteen specimens: Guatemala; (5) one specimen: Duenas, Guatemala, C. Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (6) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, C. Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (7) one specimen: Mexico, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (8) one specimen: Coban, Vera Paz, Conradt, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (9) five specimens: Gua. MfN: (1) one specimen: Duenas, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, 96385, Callig. diversa Stål; (2) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, 96387; (3) one specimen: Duenas, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, 96387. NHM: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) four specimens: Duenas, Guatemala, G.C. Champion; (3) one specimen: Guatemala, Sallé Coll., 673, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen: Zapote, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen: S. Geronimo, Guatemala, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen: Purula, Vera Paz, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (8) four specimens: Guat.; (9) one specimen: Guatemala; (10) two specimens: Guatem a 55.71 [one with: 67-56]. NMB: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Escuintla, 1879.viii, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Bechyné det. 1954. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Las Nubes, Guatemala, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) three specimens: San Marcos, Guatemala, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen: Canalitos, Guatemala, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) five specimens: Senahu, Alta V. Paz, Guatemala, Paul Haase collector [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) four specimens: Acatenango, Guatemala, May 1948, H.T. Dalmat Collector [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (3) two specimens: Yepocapa, Guatemala, Sept. 1949, H.T. Dalmat collector; (4) two specimens: Coban, Guat., Alta Vera Paz, May 19, 1920, J.M. Aldrich Collector [one with: Calligrapha 20-maculata Stål, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (5) one specimen: Purula, Vera Paz, Champion, Calligrapha diversa Stål; (6) two specimens: Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (7) one specimen: Guatemala, Guatemala City, ix.1959, NLH Krauss; (8) one specimen: Guatemala, Collection F. Knab; (9) one specimen: Guatemala, Coll. Van Patten, gift ex MCZ dupl. series; (10) one specimen: Guatemala, 17.iii.65, Lindsay, Gillagry on orchid plants, San Ped 15579, 65-5911, Calligrapha sp. nr. geographica Det. G.B. Vogt, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) one specimen: San Jose Pinula, Guat., 26.viii.52, coll. corn, R.H. Painter Coll., Altitude 6500 ft, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) three specimens: Guatemala, Alta Verapaz, San Cristobal, [two with: 18.5.79; one with: 4.6.79], Gaigl, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: Guatemala, Quezaltenango, 6.8.83, A. Poll.</p><p>HONDURAS</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: Honduras, F. Morazan, B. Rincon, 15.x.1993, F.W. Skillman, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Honduras, Francisco Morazan, Zamorano, 2.x.1993, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Honduras, El Paraíso, Montserrat [Cerro Moncerrato] 5750’, 3.x.1993, F.W. Skillman, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) one specimen: 11811, Tola [Tela], Hond. 27-10-77, J.V. Mankins Collector, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0547342, Honduras, Santa Bárbara, E slope Santa Bárbara, 11.vii.1968, J.R. Meyer.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGCR: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 9 mi SW Autlan, 4300 ft, Hwy80, 11.viii.1982, C. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer, Calligrapha multipustulata St. det. Daccordi ’86, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: Mexico, Mich., 5 mi NW Tuxpan 6200 ft, 7.viii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Ags., Pabellón, 24.vi.1956, R.P. Allen; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, along rd to Rancho de Cielo, W Gomez Farias, 2.i.1981, E.G. Riley; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 19–23.v.1979, E.G. Riley; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Durango, Durango 6500 ft, 31.vii.1964, J.F. McAlpine; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Durango, 21 mi E Durango, 24.vi.1964, H.F. Howden; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Durango, 6 mi S Durango, 14.vii.1964, H.F. Howden; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Mich., 4 mi SE Tuxpan, 6500 ft, Hwy15, 16.viii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Mich., 5 mi NE Patzcuaro 7200 ft, 15.viii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (11) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 11 mi SW Cd. Victoria, 4000 ft, Hwy101, 22.vii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 10 mi NE Tecolotlan, Hwy80, 5400 ft, 11.viii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (13) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, 20 mi W Linares, 3250 ft, Hwy58, 21.vii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Mich., 7 mi E Quiroga, 8100 ft, Hwy15, 15.viii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, Cyn. Santa Rosa, 10 km W Linares, 20.v.1992, D. Thomas, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (16) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Ruinas Chinkultic, 18.x.1988, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Ocozocuatla, 23.x.1988, D.B. &amp; A.M. Thomas, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) two specimens: Mexico, Guerrero, 2 km S Ahuacatitlán 5500’, 20.ix.1989, J.E. Wappes; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Colima, W rd to El Terrero, 3–5000’, 3–5.x.1992, J.E. Wappes; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 10 km S Ixcateopan, 4000’, 18–20.ix.1989, E. Giesbert, Calligrapha diversa Stal Det. J. Watts 1993; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Morelos, 6 km W Yautepec, 17–18.x.1984, E. Giesbert; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 8–16.viii.1956, D. Muller, coll. at light; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 10.6 km S Ixcateopan, 5400’, 18.ix.1989, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha diversa Stal Det. E.G. Riley ’93; (7) two specimens: Mexico, Nayarit, Volcan Ceboruco, 4–11 km S Jala, 8.x.1992, R. Turnbow; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Jalisco, 10.8 mi S Talpa de Allende 4900’, 9.viii.1967, Ball, T.L. Erwin &amp; N.E. Leech, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, rte. 175, 25.2 mi S Suchixtepec, 8–9.vii.1972, P.A. Meyer &amp; G.E. Ball, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (10) four specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, 8 mi E Rizo de Oro, Hwy190, 22.vi.1985, Askevold &amp; Heffern, Calligrapha multipustulata Stal det. Daccordi 1986, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) two specimens: Mexico, Jalisco, 1 mi E Acatlan, 14.vi.1987, B.K. Dozier; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Colima, 4500’ El Terrero rd (vic. El Sauz), 30.ix–4.x.1991, E. Giesbert; (13) ten specimens: Mexico, Zacatec., Zacateca City, 24.viii.1985, W. Opitz, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (14) three specimens: Mexico, Chiapas, Hwy190, Amatenango del Valle, 1.viii.2001, W. Opitz, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (15) four specimens: Mexico, Guanajuato, San Miguel de Allende, 7–11.viii.1988, G.B. Edwards, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (16) two specimens: Mexico, Jalisco, 54 mi S Autlan de Navarro, 31.viii.1971, J.M. Cicero, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, La Pluma Hidalgo 1200 m, 21.vii.1993, P.J. Landolt, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (18) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Comitlan, 31.vii.2001, W. Opitz, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) two specimens: Amula, Guerrero 6000 ft, Aug. H.H. Smith [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål]; (2) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mexico, Calligrapha diversa Stål; (3) three specimens: Tuxpan, Jalisco, Mex. 7/9/1903, J.F. McClendon; (4) four specimens: Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mex. 6/26/1903, J.F. McClendon; (5) ten specimens: Tepehuanes, Dgo., Mex., Wickham [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]; (6) two specimens: Tuxpan, Jalisco, Mex. 9/6/1903, J.F. McClendon; (7) four specimens: Guadalajara, Mex. 8/8/03 [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Mendoza [?], E. Palmer; (9) one specimen: Guadalupe, Hidalgo, vii.10.32, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (10) one specimen: Jacala, Hidalgo 4500 ft, 5.vii.1989, Mexico, Ralph Haag; (11) one specimen: Bowditch Collection, Mex.; (12) one specimen: Guerr. Mex. 2.26.0 1, F.A. Eddy Collection; (13) one specimen: Chiapas, Mex.; (14) five specimens: Chiapas, Mex., Coll. Van Patten, Peab. Acad.; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Guerrero, 37 km W Iguala, 17 June 1993, leg. D. Furth, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (16) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, Monte Alban, 23 Aug. 1991, leg. D. Furth; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Sallé Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll.; (18) one specimen: Oaxaca, Mexico, Hoege, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (19) two specimens: Cuernavaca, Morelos, June, H.H.S., Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (20) two specimens: Amula, Guerrero, 6000 ft, Sept., H.H. Smith, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (21) one specimen: Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 4600 ft, June, H.H. Smith, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (22) one specimen: Xucumanatlan, Guerrero, 7000 ft, July, H.H. Smith, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (23) one specimen: Tuxpan, Jalisco, Mex. 7/9.1903, J.F. McClendon; (24) one specimen: Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mex., 6/26.1903, J.F. McClendon; (25) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mexico; (26) one specimen: Durango, Mex.; (27) one specimen: Chrysomela signata Klug Mexico; (28) one specimen: Mex., ex. Chev. coll.?; (29) one specimen: Pte. de Ixtla, Mor., Mex., Wickham, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) two specimens: 29789, diversa Dej., signata Kl., Mexico Deppe [one without data]; (2) one specimen: Guadalajara; (3) two specimens: Mexico, Hoege S., Kotze G.; (4) one specimen: diversa Stål, Mexico; (5) one specimen: V. de Mexico; (6) three specimens: Guanajuato 21 [two without data]; (7) one specimen: Maravatio 13; (8) one specimen: Juquila 15; (9) one specimen: Mex.; (10) one specimen: Canelas; (11) one specimen: Tula, Hidalgo, Höge; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Ob[...]; (13) twenty-one specimens: Mexico, Durango City [one with: diversa Stål]; (14) six specimens: Mexico; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Colima; (16) one specimen: La Borrega, Sª Durº; (17) nine specimens: Durango City; (18) one specimen: Pilar, Durango; (19) one specimen: Mexico, Puebla; (20) one specimen: Mexico, Guadalajara; (21) two specimens: Teopisca; (22) one specimen: Comilan; (23) two specimens: Mexico-Hidalgo, Tula, 31.8.1993, Erber leg. [one with: Calligrapha geographica Stål, D. Erber det. 2000]; (24) one specimen: Mexico-Hidalgo, 20km westl. Actopan, 1.9.1993, Erber leg., Calligrapha geographica Stal, D. Erber det. 2000; (25) one specimen: diversa Dej. signata Klug, Mexico; (26) one specimen: argus Chevr., formularis Stål Mexico; (27) one specimen: 2, Durango City, C. argus . MTJM: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Mich., Ixtlan, 9.vi.1950, D. Enkerlin, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Chapingo, 7.vii.1950, C.F. Dowling, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NHM: (1) one specimen: Named by Stål, Baly Coll., diversa Stål Mexico; (2) one specimen: Calligrapha diversa Dej., signata Klug, Mexico, D r Klug, Baly Coll.; (3) six specimens: Truqui, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100 [one with: 23843]; (4) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen: Etla, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen: Juquila, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen: Oaxaca, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 638, Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (8) one specimen: Ex Coll. J. Sturm, Mexico, C. diversa Dej., Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha diversa Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (9) two specimens: Xucumanatlan, Guerrero 7000ft July, H.H. Smith, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (10) one specimen: Atlisco, Puebla, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (11) two specimens: Amula, Guerrero, 6000ft, Aug., H.H. Smith, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (12) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, June, H.H. Smith, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (13) one specimen: Tupataro, Guanajuato, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (14) one specimen: Tula, Hidalgo, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (15) one specimen: Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 4600ft, July, H.H. Smith; (16) one specimen: Mexico City, May. 88, H.H.S., Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (17) one specimen: Cerro de Plumas, Mexico, Hoege, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (18) one specimen: Morelia, Michoacan, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (19) two specimens: Tepetlapa, Guerrero, 3000ft, Oct., H.H. Smith, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (20) fifteen specimens: Temascaltepec 1931 [two with: 1831], Mex. D.F., G.B. Hinton Collector, Hinton Coll. B.M. 1937-173; (21) two specimens: Mex.; (22) one specimen: Oax.; (23) one specimen: foveicollis Dej. Mexico Sallé; (24) one specimen: Guadalajara, Crawford, 47; (25) one specimen: Mex. M. Coffiss, 58/60; (26) one specimen: Cuernavaca VI-1934 Mex, H.E. Hinton Collector, Hinton Coll. B.M.1939-583; (27) one specimen: Real de Arriba, Temescaltepec, Mex. 6–7000ft v–vi 1933, B.M. 1959-100, H.E. Hinton, R.L. Usinger Collectors. NMB: (1) two specimens: Irapuato, Guanajuato; (2) three specimens: Mexico, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (3) one specimen: Durango, Mexico, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (4) one specimen: Durango, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (5) three specimens: Durango, Mexico; (6) three specimens: Mexico [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951]; (7) two specimens: Mexico 600 m Umg. Monterrey, G. Frey, 27.12.1966, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (8) four specimens: Mexiko [two with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]. NMCZ: (1) three specimens: Mexico, Mus. Pragense Col. Kambersky [one with: Calligrapha diversa St.; one with: Calligr. signata]; (2) one specimen: diversa Stål, signata Kl., Spinola Mexico,? diversa Stål Mex., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen: Mexique, Mexico, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Achard det. in BCA; (4) two specimens: Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (5) six specimens: Sierra de Durango, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [one with: diversa Stål]; (6) one specimen: Mex., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (7) two specimens: Mexique, Guanajuato, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Tamps vic. Gom Farias 1000’, 8 May 1994, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, 45km SE Comitan, Chincultic Ruinas, June 16, 1987, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha spp. Det. E.G. Riley ’89, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Ruinas Chinkultic, X-18-1988, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (4) one specimen: with mustard greens from Mex., 1 July 42, El Paso Tx. #34245, C. sp. nr. diversa (Stal) HSB 42, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Mex., June 9, 1922, E.G. Smyth on malva; (6) thirteen specimens: S. Jacinto, D.F., 8-1923 Mex., E.G. Smyth, Chittenden No. 12523 [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål; one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (7) sixteen specimens: Colima Vulcano Mex., L. Conrad [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål; one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (8) one specimen: Chapultepec, Mex., 6.vii.01, R.H. Hay collector; (9) one specimen: Mexico; (10) one specimen: State of Colima, Mex., L. Conradt coll.; (11) three specimens: Cuernavaca, Mex., 7-7-00, El. 5000 ft, O.C. Dean collector [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (12) four specimens: Mexico, Morelos, Cuernavaca, NLH Krauss [one with: vii-45, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; one with: vi-45; one with: viii-15-44; one with: xi-9-44]; (13) three specimens: Mexico C., Mex., 11 Jly 0 4, F. Kraemer Collector [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (14) two specimens: Mexico, D.F., Teotihuacan ruins, 7 September 1972, G.F. &amp; S. Hevel; (15) three specimens: Mexico, Zacatecas, Loreto, 1034 elev. 22º16’N 101º58’W, 4 July 1995, lg. D. Furth &amp; G. Chavarria; (16) one specimen: Mexico DF, Mex., R. Müller nº 211; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Michoacan, 8.1 mi E Villamar, 5500’, Rte 15, vii.31.1966, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (18) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, 3.1 mi N Pueblo Nuevo, Rte 195, 5800’, iv.27.66, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (19) two specimens: Jalisco, Mex., June ’04, from Dr. G.W. Bock, Collection F. Knab; (20) one specimen: Xucumanatlan, Guerrero 7000 ft. July, H.H. Smith; (21) one specimen: Mexico, Morelos, Hacienda Cocoyotla, nr. Cuatlan del Rio, vii.31.44, NLH Krauss; (22) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mex., Wickham, Wickham collection 1933; (23) one specimen: Mexico; (24) two specimens: Mexico, Sonora, 3 km E Yecora, Puente La Ventana 28º 22.640N 108º 53.842W, 6 July 2006, 1510 m, leg. David G. Furth; (25) two specimens: Wickham, Tacuba D.F. Mex., ix.2; (26) one specimen: Mexico, Imuris, Son. at Nogales 281, viii-29-1969, J. Backe-Wiig, with Zea mays fruit 69-20143, Calligrapha sp. Det. R.E. White; (27) one specimen: Colima, Col. Mex., Conradt, 636; (28) one specimen: Ocotlan, Mex. Tabasco, L.H. Weld, Van Dyke Collection, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (29) one specimen: Jesus Maria, Nayarit, Mexico, vii.55, Col. Melkin, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (30) one specimen: Chapultepec, Mex., 6.vii.01, R.H. Hay Collector; (31) one specimen: Morelia, Michoacan, Höge, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series; (32) one specimen: Mexico City, Höge, 383, gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series; (33) one specimen: Savula, Jalisco, Mexico, Nov. 23, WM Mann collector; (34) one specimen: Dist. Fedrl. Mex. 7+8, 10, 132; (35) one specimen: Oaxaca Mex., May 13, 1938, R. Greenfield; (36) one specimen: Mexico, Calligrapha diversa Stål Dugès; (37) one specimen: Mexico, Durango, 8.x.65, J.W. Green with Rupa graveolus leaf+stem, El Paso 65277, 65-24826, Calligrapha near scalaris Det. R. White; (38) one specimen: vic. Compostela, Nayarit, Mexico, viii.1934, Coll. of J.R. Fisher; (39) one specimen: Mexico, Progreso, Valle Hidalgo, July 27, 1963, Alfred B. Lau, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (40) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 16.xi.1970, R.L. Hodgdon, on cacti, Lot. 71-267, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (41) one specimen: on orchid plants, Morelia, Mich., Mexico, xi.18.58, Heinrich colr., Brownsville Tex., 80228, 10t 59-1270, Zygogramma sp. det. D.M. Weisman, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (42) one specimen: Mexico, Chihuahua, San Rafael-Cuiteco Rd. 17º 21.111N 107º 56.597W, 8 August 2007, 1870 m, leg. David G. Furth, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (43) one specimen: Mexico, Mexico, Aldama, 20 July 1995, leg. D. Furth &amp; G. Chavarria, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NRM: (1) two specimens: Mexico, Stål; (2) one specimen: Soledad, Guerrero, 5500ft. July. H.H. Smith, Calligrapha diversa St. OSAC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Mich., Santiago, W of Zamora on St.</p><p>110, 14.vi.1967, on Sida carpinifolia, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. OUMNH: (1) three specimens: W. Mexico, Coffin, Named 1899 by M. Jacoby Calligrapha diversa Stål; (2) two specimens: Mex., Named 1899 by M. Jacoby Calligrapha diversa Stål; (3) one specimen: Mex., Named 1898 by M. Jacoby Calligrapha diversa St.; (4) one specimen: W. Mexico Coffin, Named 1898 by M. Jacoby Calligrapha diversa Stål, 204; (5) one specimen: 199, Calligrapha signata Kl., W. Mexico, Coffin, 199. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0397020, Mexico, Nuevo León, 15 mi W Linares, 1–2.vii.1973, Víctor C. Mastro &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner, at light; (2) two specimens: [X0534070 and X0549245], Mexico, Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chorreadero Canyon, 20.vi.1987, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: X0534310, Mexico, Aguascalientes, 14 mi W Aguascalientes, 10.vii.1983, Peter Kovarik, Harrison &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: X0534616, Mexico, Jalisco, 11 mi N Autlan, 6.vii.1984, Carroll, Schaffner &amp; Friedlander, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: X0535093, Mexico, Guanajuato, 10 mi S San Luis de la Paz, 2.ix.1962, G.M. Chamberlain, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: X0536749, Mexico, Guerrero, 2.1 mi NW Cacahuamilpa, 11.viii.1978, Plitt &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner; (7) one specimen: X0538313, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 13.4 mi W El Naranjo, 12.vii.1973, Gaumer &amp; Clark; (8) one specimen: X0538531, Mexico, Morelos, 5.1 mi E Cuernavaca, 29.vi.1973, Robert R. Murray &amp; Maria E. Murray; (9) one specimen: X0541424, Mexico, Queretaro, 7 mi N Queretaro, 13.ix.1968, Veryl V. Board; (10) one specimen: X0550339, Mexico, Chiapas, 17 km E La Trinitaria, L. Monte Bella road, 14.viii.1967, J. Hafernik &amp; Horace R. Burke; (11) one specimen: X0550617, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 10 mi E Ciudad del Maíz, 23.viii.1964, Horace R. Burke &amp; J. Apperson; (12) one specimen: X0550735, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, Bocatoma, 13.vii.1982, Robert H. Turnbow; (13) one specimen: X0551166, Mexico, Nuevo León, Linares, 1.vii.1973, Víctor C. Mastro &amp; Joseph C. Schaffner, at light. UWIRC: (1) one specimen: Chapingo, Mex., ix-52, F. González, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2010. ZSM: (1) fourteen specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh Laue 1918 [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål det. Dr. J. Bechyné 1949]; (2) two specimens: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh Laue, 1.8.1918; (3) four specimens: Vulkan Colima, Mexiko 1918, coll. Joh. Laue, Esperanza 1000 m [one with: Calligrapha diversa Stål Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (4) one specimen: Vulkan Colima, Coll. Joh. Laue 20.6.1918; (5) one specimen: Vulkan Colima, Mexiko, 20.6.1918, coll. Joh. Laue; (6) one specimen: Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue, 25.7.1918; (7) one specimen:?.F. vii.11, Vulkan Colima, Mexiko, 1918, coll. Joh. Laue; (8) one specimen: Calligrapha diversa Stål Mexique; (9) one specimen: Cuernavaca, Morelos, June, H.H.S., 96386, Calligrapha diversa Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (10) one specimen: Mexic, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (11) one specimen: Mexico, Taxco 1800 m, 1.6.81, leg. Gfeller; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Guadalajara, Juni 1982, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (13) one specimen: Mexico, Tapalpa, 25-5-82, leg. Fittkau, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>NICARAGUA</p><p>IBE-JGZ: (1) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C245, Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor-Moropotente [49], Julio 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (2) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C269, Nicaragua, Estelí, P. T. P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Los Cerritos [121], Julio 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (3) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2168, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor, El Tunal [177], Agosto 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (4) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2176, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor, Miraflor [15], Septiembre 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.; (5) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-2193, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor 13º09'04''N 86º19'35''W 978m (no. Herb. 6369), 9/09/2011, J.-M. Maes leg. NHM: (1) one specimen: Chontales, Nicaragua, T. Belt, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Nicaragua, Matagalpa, 10 km NW Matagalpa, Selva Negra, 10–18.iv.2005, 1280 m, 12º59’N 85º54’W, W. Opitz, beating forest edge vegetation; (2) one specimen: Nicaragua, Santa Maria de Ostuma, xi.1959, N.L.H. Krauss, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>USA</p><p>FSCA: (1) one specimen: USA, Arizona, Cruz Co., Patagonia, 28.ix.1968; (2) one specimen: USA, Arizona, Cochise Co., Pt. Huachuca, 17.x.1968, Dwight Schuh, det. J. Watts ’93; (3) four specimens: USA, Arizona, 1 mi N Nogales, Mariposa Canyon, R.L. Jacques [one with: 11.viii.1971; two with: 13.viii.1971; one with: 24.viii.1971]; (4) one specimen: USA, AZ, Huachuca Mts., Copper Canyon W of Montezuma pass, 30.vii.1987, G.H. Nelson, on Quercus arizonica, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) one species: Garden Canon, Huachuca Mts., Ariz., W.H. Mann, WMMann Collection 1954, 6808, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Patagonia, Ariz., VII-9-30, J. O. Martin Collector, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2009; (3) one specimen: Patagonia, Ariz., VIII-21-40, Coll’d by F.W. Nunenmacher, Chicago N.H. Mus. (F.W. Nunenmacher Collection), F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (4) two specimens: Patagonia, Ariz., E.P. Van Duzee Collector, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009 [one with: VIII-1 ’24; one with: VIII-2 ‘24]; (5) one specimen: Patagonia, Sta. Cruz Co., Ariz., Oct 3, 1971, Coll. D. Richman, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: USA, Arizona, Santa Cruz Co., Sycamore Cyn., Alascoa Mts., 2 August 1991, Lee Guidry, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>VENEZUELA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Venezuela, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NHM: (1) one specimen: simillima Stål, Chry simillima Stål Caracas, 67-56; (2) one specimen, Venezuela [illegible], 67-56, Chrysomela diver [...] Stål, Type from C. Stål. NMB: (1) one specimen: Venezuela, Calligrapha simillima Stal J. Bechyné det. 1952; (2) one specimen: Umg. Caracas, Venezuela, i.54, G. u. Helga Frey, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Caracas, Chrysomela simillima Stål, diversa Dej. Caracas, Calligrapha diversa Dej. Caracas, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) three specimens: Caracas, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen: Venezuela, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen: on Sida sp., Jul 12 ’39, G. Vivas B., El Valle D.F. Venez., 11–34, C.H. Ballou, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: on Sida rhombifolia, XI-30 ’38, Ident. 39 10879, Florida, Venez. 1134, S. &amp; C.H. Ballou, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (3) one specimen: from G.V. Berthier, Caracas, Venez. 1935 #5, Calligrapha diversa Stål F. Monrós det. 1953; (4) one specimen: Venezuela, Lara, Parque Nac. Yacambu, 6–8.iv.1981, A.S. Menke &amp; L. Hollenbey collectors, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Guaparo, Venezuela, Dec. 20, ’38, C.H. Ballou, 1134, on grass. ZSM: (1) one specimen: Caracas, Berg Avila, P. Cor. Vogl., Calligrapha simillima Stål det. Dr. J. Bechyné 1949; (2) one specimen: Venezuela, Hacienda San Eborras, 15.1.28, bei El Negrito, 700 m, südl. d. Marakaibo See's bei San Kasemiro, G. Klaebisch.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MfN: (1) one specimen: diversa Stål; (2) nine specimens: [no data]; (3) one specimen: Calligr. sylvia Stål; (4) one specimen: 2. NHM: (1) one specimen: 1267; (2) one specimen: 55/24; (3) one specimen: 55/24, 284. NMCZ: (1) four specimens: Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen: 12/955; (3) one specimen: 126, Calligrapha diversa; (4) one specimen: [illegible], simillima Stål, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha diversa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Gift ex MCZ dupl. series. OUMNH: (1) two specimens: [no data]; (2) two specimens: 15.202, Miers Coll. Presented 1880 by J.W. Miers, Named [one with: 1897; one with: 1899] by M. Jacoby Calligrapha diversa Stål.</p><p>Variation. Despite its large geographic range, this species is rather constant in appearance across its distribution, although some features can vary. For instance, the base of the subsutural stripe can be completely fused with the sutural stripe, and actually reaching quite close to the base of elytra basally. This characteristic, which appears in some specimens of C. diversa from Venezuela, but also present in some from Guatemala held at NMCZ or from Chiapas and Guatemala at MCZ, is a defining trait of C. simillima, and in fact these specimens had been ranked with this taxon. These Mesoamerican specimens also have slightly larger markings, filling more elytral space, and their spot enclosed by humeral lunule is larger and more elongated, thus more centred in the available space, contrasting with the backwards position observed in typical C. diversa, and they also show a more reddish tint to their pale elytral areas. Yet, the shape of the specimens is slender, and not as convex as observed in C. simillima, and the base of their arcuate band is divergent from subsutural stripe, again unlike in C. simillima, with a nicely curved apex. Venezuelan specimens are, in turn, just like typical C. diversa but with the mentioned particularity to their subsutural stripes. More rarely, the base of the arcuate band can be confluent with the subsutural stripe and in a single specimens from Teopisca (at MfN), the arcuate band is completely detached from the subsutural stripe, very much as it occurs in C. elegantula, although the remaining characters are clearly these of C. diversa . The apex of the arcuate band can show a variable shape, as a divergent rounded spot to a transversal ovoid spot, and very rarely broken or with irregular profile, as an apical hump. The apex of the humeral lunule generally reaches beyond the basal end of the arcuate band. The spot enclosed by the humeral lunule ranges from small and round (or with a small basal emargination) to large, longitudinally elongated, and it can appear, even if rarely, narrowly confluent with the apical inner concavity of humeral lunule. The spot of apical declivity can be narrowly to broadly confluent laterally with subsutural stripe, and the spot described as “minute” in the type can be as big as the others, resulting in a pattern of eight additional spots, roughly 3-2-2-1; these additional discal spots can be very regularly arranged, as in the type, or more often with slightly irregular shape and size, showing variable degrees of confluence among them (and in one specimen the innermost spot is confluent with external concavity of arcuate band). Finally, the black parts of body can have a greenish or bluish metallic sheen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6419FF988F9CF9A6FB7BFE4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6413FF9E8F9CFD87FC44FDA5.text	039E355D6413FF9E8F9CFD87FC44FDA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha simillima Stal 1860	<div><p>Calligrapha simillima Stål, 1860</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 12 e, 13a, 13d, 15)</p><p>Chrysomela simillima: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 274.</p><p>Calligrapha simillima: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3434. Polyspila simillima: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 43.</p><p>Calligrapha simillima: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha simillima: Bechyné &amp; Springlová de Bechyné, 1965, Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay 3, p. 51. Calligrapha simillima: Bechyné, 1997, Bol. Entom. Venez., Mon., 1, p. 281.</p><p>Holotype: Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle / Baly Coll. / simillima Stål Venezuela, Caraccas [underneath: Type Stål Col: Deyrolle] (NHM). The specimen lacks six and two apical antennal segments of left and right antennae, respectively.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 12 e). Length: 9.79 mm, width: 5.89 mm. Body elongated oval, convex. Head, labrum, mandibles, pronotum and margin of scutellum very dark reddish brown to blackish, with slight bronzy metallic reflection; scutellum, elytral markings, fine margin of elytra, epipleura, ventral surfaces and legs with slightly paler reddish shade and very faint metallic reflection; sides of labrum, antennae and mouth pieces brownish orange; pale areas of elytra creamy yellow.</p><p>Head large, deeply inserted in pronotum, very finely microreticulate, densely and rather strongly punctured on clypeus, epistome and behind eyes, with scattered punctures on frons; slightly depressed at junction of frontal suture (more impressed anteriorly) with broadly V-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrow deeply impressed, running a short distance behind upper eye margin. Antennae relatively short, reaching humeri; first antennomere relatively long and thick, straight at posterior border, convex at anterior border, narrow basally; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and almost glabrous; second antennomere shortest, about half as long as first, third as long as first; antennomeres 3–5 shortening progressively, sixth clearly longer than second; segments progressively longer beyond fifth antennomere; seventh and following antennomeres thicker, widening from base to apex; beyond eighth rugose and pubescent; eighth antennomere 0.71x as wide as long. Labrum short, small, feebly emarginate anteriorly. Mandibles large, robust, surface strongly punctured, with punctures bearing pale yellow long setae; margins subparallel, weakly concave basally. Last maxillary palpomere rather elongated, enlarged apically, weakly convex, sides parallel at apical 1/3, curved to narrower basal end; previous palpomere slightly broader apically than base of last segment and considerably narrower basally, with regularly curved exernal margin and shorter, strongly bent interior margin. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.83), with sides subparallel in basal half, regularly and gradually converging to moderately protruding anterior angles apically, finely margined; anterior border slightly produced forward medially, convex, finely margined; basal border regularly convex, unmargined; surface microreticulate, with rather densely irregularly scattered moderately strong and deep punctures, becoming stronger and confluent at sides; strong elongated punctures on basal border laterally, confluent with margin. Hypomeral suture deeply impressed, basally curved to form angular margin of hypomera, slightly gradually diverging from lateral border of pronotum towards anterior angle; hypomera very finely microreticulate, unpunctured, with few transversal wrinkles basally. Prosternum relatively long, concave and margined anteriorly, very finely microreticulate, with few moderately strong punctures bearing fine whitish setae; process convex, margined and punctured at sides, gradually slightly widening towards weakly convex apex, slightly surpassing procoxae posteriorly. Mesanepisterna microreticulate, with sparse, moderately strong punctures.</p><p>Metepisterna microreticulate, with strong, dense, sometimes confluent punctation. Metaventrite finely microsculptured, with dense moderately strong punctures at anterior angles, much finer and sparser on posterior half; transversally furrowed and deeply punctured at metacoxal border. Scutellum small, short (W/L=0.97), subtriangular with blunt pointed apex; finely microsculptured, unpunctured. Elytra smooth, very finely sparsely punctured with dot-like punctures with dark background; premarginal line of dense, slightly stronger punctures from humerus to nearly sutural apical angle; larger and deeper punctures surrounding and within dark markings; scutellar row present. Markings as follows: (i) sutural stripe broadly surrounding scutellum basally, narrowing gradually preapically before reaching apex of elytra as thin stripe; (ii) subsutural stripe broad, entirely confluent with sutural stripe from near base of elytra; (iii) arcuate band nearly straight, very faintly concave externally and completely confluent laterally with subsutural stripe; apical end enlarged as slightly divergent big rounded spot; stripe emiting dark suffusions laterally at apical half; (iv) humeral spot and humeral lunule completely fused as a large shoulder spot, elongated, with apical 1/3 slightly narrower and bent towards suture, ending slightly behind and near base of arcuate band; separated basally from basal margin of elytra; (v) spot enclosed by humeral lunule large, roundish and laterally confluent externally with concavity of humeral lunule; (vi) spot of apical declivity large, broadly elliptic, laterally confluent with subsutural stripe; (vii) apical spot roundish, slightly transverse; (viii) eight additional spots on disc; six forming triangle with base parallel to elytral margin and vertex at and narrowly confluent with weak concavity of arcuate band, two spots in the middle round and smaller, and three spots at marginal line increasingly larger towards apex (last spot large, irregularly shaped, broken in smaller spots); two additional roundish medium sized spots slightly obliquely arranged on apical declivity of elytra. Femora smooth, sparsely punctured, with fine whitish setae. Tibiae slender, subcylindrical, weakly carinated at interior angles, with apex slightly rugose covered by long dense pale yellowish setae; gradually expanded furrow from midlength towards apical emargination of tibiae. First abdominal ventrite strongly margined anteriorly, with dense, strong elongated and deep punctures confluent with margin, strong punctures at sides, and scattered, finer punctures elsewhere; other ventrites with denser smaller punctation basally and at sides; sides slightly raised internally to lateral fovea. Penis figured in Figs 13 a, 13d.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 15, white circles). This species is scarcely present in entomological collections. Most of the specimens I found are from Mexico, but a couple of records can be attributed with certain confidence to Guatemala and Honduras. Records from the USA derive from intercepted fruit from Central America in Texas, or specimens of dubious identification. Considering that the type is labelled as originating from Venezuela, the highly scattered distribution for this species would be highly unusual for the genus. Alternatively, it could be that the species is not frequent, simply rare in entomological collections, or admitedly affected by a problematic taxonomy.</p><p>Material examined (16 specimens).</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Guatemala, Guatemala City, Las Hamacas T.P., 23.vii.1979, D.B. Thomas &amp; E.P. Case.</p><p>HONDURAS</p><p>NMNH: (1) one specimen: on banana debris from Honduras, Apr. 29, 1935, Charleston, #5530, Gay, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Chiapas, Chorreadero Cyn., 5 mi E Chiapa de Corzo, 15.vi.1986, D. Thomas, Calligrapha multipustulata Stal det. Daccordi ’90, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 4 mi SW Chapulhucan, 25.v.1979, E.G. Riley, Calligrapha suffriani St. det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Yucatán, Chichén- Itzá, 10.viii.1990, D.A. Rider, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMB: (1) three specimens: Chitzen Itza, Yucatan, Mex., G. Frey, x.58, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. ZSM: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Guadalajara, Juni 1982, leg. Fittkau.</p><p>NICARAGUA</p><p>IBE-JGZ: (1) one specimen: IBE-JGZ-C230, Nicaragua, Matagalpa, Selva Negra, Mayo 2010, J.-M. Maes leg.</p><p>USA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Tex., F.A. Eddy Collection5. NHM: (1) one specimen: Baly Coll., Calligrapha geographica? Ch., Texas, Pilate.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>NMB: (1) one specimen: Encantado, M., 8.x.50, Racenis l., R: 331. NMNH: (1) one specimen: banana trash from Hond. or Pan., Mar. 2 ’36, No. 16262, [male], Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009; (2) one specimen: F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha geographica Stal F. Monrós det. 1957, Calligrapha simillima Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>Variation. The additional markings on disc can show different confluence patterns as compared with type, e.g. the interior vertex of triangle of spots not confluent with arcuate band.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6413FF9E8F9CFD87FC44FDA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6415FFE38F9CF93FFE1CFB89.text	039E355D6415FFE38F9CF93FFE1CFB89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha sylvia Stal 1860	<div><p>Calligrapha sylvia Stål, 1860</p><p>Stål, C. 1860: 462.</p><p>(Figs 12 c, 13b, 13e, 14)</p><p>Chrysomela sylvia: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 273. Calligrapha sylvia: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3434. Calligrapha sylvia: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 207.</p><p>5. This specimen conforms well to the type in size, shape, brownish coloration, and number of maculae, as well as blunt ends of arcuate band and subsutural stripe; the shape of the humeral marking is also very similar. It only differs in its maculae being smaller than in the type, and also smaller than in C. diversa, although it clearly does not belong to the latter species.</p><p>Polyspila sylvia: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 44.</p><p>Calligrapha sylvia (pars): Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674. Calligrapha sylvia (pars): Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66.</p><p>There are three possible syntypes for this species in the museums of Stockholm (NRM) and Berlin (MfN), as indicated in the original description, but also in London (NHM), particularly the specimen originally from Deyrolle’s collection and also indicated by Stål (1865) as considered for his description. The description is succinct but it only applies well to the syntypes in Stockholm and London (elytris eburneis; the specimen in Berlin has pale orange elytra, not coloured as ivory), as does the subsequent redescription, highlighting the rounded shape of the spot enclosed by humeral lunule, which is broadly emarginate anteriorly in the specimen in Berlin (Stål 1865). Nevertheless, only the size of the specimen at NHM agrees with that provided in the original description (the specimen at NRM is smaller: 7.53 mm long and 4.67 mm wide), and since Jacoby (1892) already used this specimen to illustrate the habitus of the species in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, it is designated as lectotype here.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Mexico [green] / 66 / Type Stål Coll: Deyrolle / Sp. figured / Baly Coll. / sylvia Stål Mexico [handwritten underneath: Type Stål Col: Deyrolle] (NHM).</p><p>Paralectotypes: (1) one specimen: 29786 / sylvia Stål / Mexico, Deppe [green] (MfN); (2) one specimen: Mexico / Tarnier / Type / Typus [red] (the specimen lacks left anterior leg from mid femur and the right maxillary palpus is broken) (NRM).</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 12 c). Length: 8.13 mm, width: 5.15 mm. Body elongated oval, moderately convex. Head, mandibles, apex of antennae, pronotum, scutellum, elytral markings, epipleura, ventral surfaces and legs very dark red to black with feeble bronzy metallic shine. Labrum, and basal segments of antennae and of maxillary palpi rufous. Elytra creamy yellow.</p><p>Head microreticulate, moderately strongly punctured at vertex and sides, with punctures weaker on frons and clypeus, and unpunctured on calli; frontal suture finely impressed joining slightly stronger broad U-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular sulci short, slightly surpassing upper eye margin. Antennae relatively short, reaching humeri; first antennomere thick, straight at posterior border, convex at anterior border, narrower basally; antennomeres 2–5 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and almost glabrous; second antennomere shortest, about half as long as first, third as long as first; antennomeres 4–6 subequal; antennomeres 8–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex, with slight dorsal emargination; eighth antennomere 0.8x as wide as long. Labrum small and short, feebly emarginate anteriorly, with long setae medially at sides of disc. Mandibles large, sturdy, surpassing 1.5x length of labrum; surface strongly punctured and setose; sides slightly concave before strong preapical curvature. Apical maxillary palpomere broad, sides curved and slightly divergent basally, shortly parallel before straight truncated apex. Pronotum transverse (W/L=1.82); basal border bisinuated, concave laterally and convex medially; anterior border feebly margined; sides margined, straight, divergent at basal half, regularly curved at anterior half towards strongly produced anterior angles; surface microreticulate; strongly and relatively densely punctured on disc, punctures stronger and confluent laterally; some strong elongated punctures laterally adjacent to pronotal base. Hypomeral suture deeply, regularly impressed, from curved base near posterior angle of pronotum, weakly divergent from pronotal border, towards anterior angles; hypomera microreticulate, unpunctured. Prosternum slightly elevated, convex, microreticulate, punctured in depression near coxae; prosternal process convex between procoxae, very convex transversally, depressed and expanded apically, truncated straight. Mesanepisterna microreticulate, unpunctured. Metepisterna strongly and densely punctured externally. Metaventrite strongly punctured at anterior angles, with finer, sparser punctures elsewhere; deeply transversely furrowed before metacoxae, with sparse fine golden pubescence. Scutellum long (W/L=0.81), weakly convex, very finely microreticulate, almost smooth, unpunctured. Elytra homogeneously, rather densely finely punctured, with dark minute spots; fine punctures forming a regular premarginal lateral row; punctures stronger around and within markings; scutellar row present. Markings: (i) sutural stripe entire, broadly surrounding scutellum and gradually narrowing towards apex; (ii) subsutural stripe completely confluent with sutural stripe from basal end, slightly before apex of scutellum; (iii) arcuate band complete, gently curved, entirely confluent laterally with subsutural stripe; apically as a large transverse subquadrate spot; (iv) humeral spot large, elongated, completely confluent laterally with (v) humeral lunule, obliquely curved at apex towards suture, ending at level with basal end of arcuate band; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule round, medium sized, placed posteriorly, close to apical curvature of lunule; (vii) spot of apical declivity roundish, laterally confluent with subsutural stripe, broadened in that area; (viii) five additional roundish spots, in 1-2-1-1 arrangement, paired spots larger medially on disc. Legs weakly, sparsely punctured; apex of tibiae rugosely punctate, with dense golden reddish pubescence. Abdominal ventrites finely and densely punctured basally; basal ventrite with some strong punctures basally at sides. Penis figured in Figs 13 b, 13e.</p><p>Distribution. The species has been reported from North America, but these US records belong instead to the closely related C. diversa (see above). Instead, C. sylvia is only found in the Atlantic domain of Northern Mexico, east from the Sierra Madre Oriental, but it may reach further south, always on the eastern slopes of the Central American mountain chains, based on the single record of a specimen from Guatemala (Fig. 14). The species is at present considered endemic of the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain.</p><p>Material examined (49 specimens).</p><p>GUATEMALA</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: Sinanja, Vera Paz, Champion, 1st Jacoby Coll., Calligrapha nr. sylvia J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2010.</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 40 mi SW Jacala, 3000’ Hwy85, 24.vii.1982, C. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, Minera Outland (=Otongo) 3400’, 31.vii.1982, C.W. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer, at night, Calligrapha diversa St. det. Daccordi ’90, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 25–30.iii.1978, E.G. Riley, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma, 6 mi S Gomez Farias, 19–23.v.1979, Marlin E. Rice Coll., Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 6–9 km N Rio Guayalejo, 14.x.1985, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Santa Rosa Canyon, 28 km W Linares, 1.vi.1987, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. Daccordi ’81, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Bocatoma w.s., 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, 15.x.1985, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det. E.G. Riley ’88, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, 1–3 mi E Ocampo, 26.x.1979, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha ramulifera Stal det E.G. Riley ’82, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Catemaco-Tuxtlas Biol. Sta. Rd, 15–17.vi.1985, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) two specimens: Mexico, Nuevo León, 20 km W Montemorelos, camino a Royones, 21.vi.1981, B. Miller &amp; L. Stange, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) seven specimens: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto Falls, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011 [two with: 3.vii.1968, H.V. Weems, Jr.; one with: 1.vii.1968, H.V. Weems, Jr.; two with: 1.vii.1968, D. Weems; two with: 1.vii.1968, P. Weems]; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, Horsetail Falls, 25.vi.1965, N. Chernoff. NHM: (1) two specimens: Mex., Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen: Chrysom. consimilis? Chevr., Mexico, Baly Coll.; (3) one specimen: Cosamaloapam, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligr. sylvia Stål, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NMB: (1) one specimen: Temascal, Oaxaca, Mexico, x.1962, leg. Epping. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Tuxtepec, Oax., Mex., J. Camelo G., Apr. 1934, No. 969 [one with: Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, Temascal, Oct. 1963, D.H. Janzen, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: orchids from Tamazunchale, S.L.P. Mex., Laredo Tex. no. 45689, 5 Jan 48,? suboculata Stal HSB 48, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen: Mexico, S.L.P., El Naranjo, vi.29.1965, Paul J. Spangler, El Salto, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen: Mex. S.L.P., 24.7 mi E Landa de Matamoros Qro. 5000’ xi.18 –19.65, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Tamazunchale, 8.iii.65, Sullins &amp; Heinrich with orchid, Bro. 88492, 65-9817, Calligrapha sp. Det. R. White, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen: Mexico 22.xii.66, Coll. L.J. Wheadon, #Brownsville 90526, Lot#67-6715, Calligrapha sp. Det. R.E. White, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen: orchid, Maiz, S.L.P., Mex., Lar. 93693, v.6.49, 47-6851; (9) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis, at Brownsville, 16.iii.64, Burgess, Heinrich, Dieball on bromeliads 67-10164, Calligrapha sp. nr. ramulifera Stal d R. White, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (10) one specimen: Mexico, Nuevo León, Linares, Cañón de Santa Rosa, 19.vii. 952, Coll. G. Halffter, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (11) one specimen: Tuxtepec, Oax., Mex., J. Camelo G., Nov. 1982, No. 328, Calligrapha ancoralis Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0534183, Mexico, Veracruz, Tepetzintla, 28.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: X0535608, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 9.5 km E San Carlos, Sierra Chiquita de San Carlos, 16.vii.1988, L.A. Ruedas, at light, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen: X0535717, Mexico, Veracruz, Panuco, 27.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>USA</p><p>TAMUIC: (1) one specimen6: X0535279, USA, Utah, Garfield Co., 13 mi W Long Valley Junction, Dixie National Forest, 16.vii.1967, Horace R. Burke, Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MCZ: (1) one specimen: 1st Jacoby Coll., Calligrapha sylvia Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NHM: (1) one specimen: Ent. Club 44-12, Z. Wal[...], N. America; (2) one specimen: sylvia Stål, 67-56. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense.</p><p>Variation. Head and pronotum can be very dark, almost black, with slight metallic green tinge, or alternatively dark red and ventrally pale brown with very feeble metallic shine, as seen in the MfN paralectotype. Punctation on the head can be strong, dense, also on frons and clypeus and mesanepisterna can be punctured close to posterior border. The last maxillary palpomere of some specimens is subtrapezoidal. The spot enclosed by humeral lunule can be missing, or it can be emarginate anteriorly and postero-laterally narrowly confluent with humeral lunule, as seen in the MfN paralectotype. Finally, the small additional markings may also be reduced or absent, or more or less numerous than in the type.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6415FFE38F9CF93FFE1CFB89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
039E355D6468FFE08F9CFBF7FA73F8D7.text	039E355D6468FFE08F9CFBF7FA73F8D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calligrapha aeneopicta Stal 1859	<div><p>Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål, 1859</p><p>Stål, C. 1859: 325.</p><p>(Figs 12 a, 13g, 13h, 15)</p><p>Chrysomela aeneopicta: Stål, 1865, Mon. Chrys. Amer., 3, p. 273.</p><p>Calligrapha aeneopicta: Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1874, Cat. Col., XI, p. 3432. Calligrapha aeneopicta: Jacoby, 1882, Biol. Centr. Am., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 195. Calligrapha aeneopicta: Dugés, 1901, Cat. Col. Coleópt. Mex., p. 97.</p><p>Polyspila aeneopicta: Weise, 1916, Col. Cat., pars 68, 12, p. 38.</p><p>Calligrapha aeneopicta: Blackwelder, 1946, Checklist Col., Pt. 4, p. 674.</p><p>Calligrapha aeneopicta: Wilcox, 1975, Checklist, Biol. Res. Inst. Amer., p. 66. Calligrapha aeneopicta: Burgos-Solorio &amp; Anaya-Rosales, 2004, Acta Zool. Mex. 20(3), p. 45.</p><p>Carl Stål used more than one specimen to describe this species, and at least some of them were nominally at the Stockholm Museum of Natural History (Stål 1865). The identity of the series has been lost, but I retain as lectotype the specimen currently labelled as type at NRM.</p><p>Lectotype by present designation: Mexico / Sallé. / Type. / Typus [red] (NRM). The specimen does not present any damage.</p><p>Habitus (Fig. 12 a). Length: 8.00 mm, width: 5.00 mm. Body oval, elongated, moderately convex. Head, mandibles, pronotum, scutellum, ventral surfaces and legs black with bronzy greenish metallic reflections. Labrum, antennae, apex of mandibles, mouth parts, epipleura and elytral markings very dark rufous with slight bronzy metallic reflection; first antennomeres and labrum paler. Dark reddish hue also visible in legs and ventral parts, depending on light incidence. Elytra creamy yellow.</p><p>6. This record is most likely a labeling mistake, a misidentification or an accidental translocation of a Mexican specimen. The species in this group of Calligrapha do not reach beyond the very southern tip of Arizona, at the northern limit of the Sierra Madre Occidental.</p><p>Head finely microreticulate, moderately punctured all over, also on antennal calli and clypeus; frontal suture weak intersecting deep broadly V-shaped clypeal suture; supraocular furrow deep, surpassing upper eye margin posteriorly. Antennae relatively long, reaching slightly beyond humeri; first antennomere relatively long and thick, straight at posterior border, convex at anterior border, narrow basally; antennomeres 2–6 elongated, thin, relatively smooth and almost glabrous; second antennomere shortest, about half as long as first, third longer than first; antennomeres 3–6 shortening progressively, sixth clearly longer than second; segments beyond sixth antennomere progressively longer; antennomeres 8–11 thicker, widening from base to apex, rugose and pubescent; eleventh about as long as first, tappering towards blunt apex; eighth antennomere 0.76x as wide as long. Labrum small, with sides regularly curved and weakly emarginate anteriorly; densely setose at sides with medially convergent pale yellowish setae. Mandibles big, largely protruding beyond apex of labrum; slightly concave laterally and strongly convex towards apex; surface with large, deep punctures bearing long pale yellowish setae like these on labrum. Last maxillary palpomere subtrapezoidal, widened towards slightly obliquely truncated apex. Pronotum transverse (W/L = 1.88), sides subparallel at basal half, smoothly curved towards prominent anterior angles at apical half, finelly margined, margin visible from above except at anterior lateral convexity; anterior border feebly convex medially, convexly curved behind eyes towards anterior angles, finely margined; posterior border unmargined, conspicuosly lobed medially; surface finely microreticulate, sparsely irregularly punctured on disc, punctures denser, stronger and confluent at sides. Hypomeral suture deep, entire, slightly diverging from pronotal border anteriorly, more pronouncedly divergent basally for a short distance; hypomera unpunctured, shagreened. Prosternum coarsely shagreened with strong, deep punctures at basal half near procoxae, with long recumbent white setae; prosternal process narrow, punctured, pubescent. Mesepimera microreticulate, unpunctured. Metepisterna rugosely punctured on all surface. Metaventrite relatively strongly rugosely punctate at basal half; finely, sparsely puntured posteriorly. Scutellum relatively long (W/L = 0.8), microreticulate, unpunctured. Elytra elongated, slightly wider than pronotum basally, with humeral angle regularly curved; sides subparallel towards regularly round apex; elytral surface finely, homogeneously punctured; punctures stronger around and within markings; scutellar and premarginal rows of punctures present; border of elytra finely margined basally, darkened. Markings: (i) sutural stripe complete from scutellar area, surrounding scutellum, gradually narrowing towards elytral apex; (ii) subsutural stripe entirely confluent with sutural stripe, except shortly at blunt basal end, reaching slightly behind apex of scutellum; stripe widened at apical declivity of elytra; (iii) arcuate band entire, defined by surrounding punctures as free feature, but entirely confluent laterally with subsutural stripe by darkened interval; dark interval obliquely directed to subsutural stripe from basal end of arcuate band; apical end of arcuate band as round divergent convolution; (iv) humeral spot and lunule largely confluent as a single compact humeral marking, except briefly basally, showing as small basal emargination; apical end of lunule curved toward suture, ending at short distance before basal end of arcuate band; feature detached from base of elytron; (v) spot of apical declivity roundish, half as big as apex of arcuate band, laterally confluent with preapical enlargement of subsutural stripe; (vi) single small discal spot in lateral declivity of elytra. Femora spindle-shaped, shiny, sparsely punctured, with short appressed golden setae. Tibiae externally canaliculated from half their length; sparsely punctured and pubescent like femora, except apical half ventrally, with dense, thick golden setae. Abdominal ventrites convex, shiny, sparsely punctured, with punctures more abundant and finely pubescent at basal half of each ventrite. Penis figured in Figs 13 g, 13h.</p><p>Distribution. The species is a Mexican endemic in the Atlantic plains east from the Sierra Madre Oriental, from the states of Nuevo León and Tamaulipas to Oaxaca and Veracruz (Fig. 15, black circles). From a biogeographic perspective, the species is characteristic of the Mexican Transition Zone and the Caribbean Mesoamerican domain.</p><p>Material examined (210 specimens).</p><p>MEXICO</p><p>EGRC: (1) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, Tamazunchale, 24–25.v.1979, coll. E. Riley, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 40 mi NW Jacala, 3000’, Hwy85, 24.vii.1982, C. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 33 mi NE Jacala, 3700’, 27.v.1974, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; Marshall; (4) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, Xilitla, 1800 ft, 24.vii.1954, J.G. Chillcott; (5) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, Hwy85, 8 mi N Tamazunchale, 700 ft, 24.vii.1982, C.W. and L. O’Brien &amp; G. Wibmer; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Hidalgo, 4 km N Chapulhuacan 2800 ft, 8.viii.1967, H.R. Burke &amp; J. Hafernik; (7) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 11.1 km NE Xilitla, 1500 ft, 3.vi.1987, R. Turnbow; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 1 mi E Rinconada, 25.x.1979, J.E. Wappes; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Canyon, 5 mi W Cd. Victoria, 3.vi.1984, D. Thomas, B. Ratcliffe, D. Caldwell, T. Taylor &amp; A. Reifschneider, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen: Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 1 km S Tamazunchale, 3–5.vi.1987, R. Turnbow, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål det. E.G. Riley ’88; (2) one specimen. Mexico, Veracruz, 3 km SW Puente Nac., 6.vii.1992, M.C. Thomas, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål det. J. Watts 1993; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Rinconada, SE of Jalapa, 13.viii.1963, F.A. Lee; (4) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, Rte. 140, SE Jalapa, 1080 m, trop. evergreen trees, in bromeliads, 18.xii.1978, G.E. &amp; K.E. Ball [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål det. I.S. Askevold 1990]. MCZ: (1) four specimens: Huachinago, Mexico [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål]; (2) one specimen: Paso de Telaya, Jicaltepec, V. Cruz, Mexico, 4/9,96; (3) four specimens: Jicaltepec, V. Cruz, Mex. 3-14-96; (4) five specimens: Sn. Rafael, Jicaltepec, V. Cruz, Mex. [one with: March 13, 96; one with: 3/9/96; three with: March 12, 96]; (5) one specimen: Mexico (Reitter), 225; (6) one specimen: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Callig. aeneopicta; (7) two specimens: Orizaba, Mex., Mann.; (8) two specimens: Mex. [one with: Chrysomela aeneopicta Stål]; (9) one specimen: Jalapa, Mex., O.W. Banalt, 6.18-23.98c, O.W.B. Mex 7.15.1898, F.A. Eddy Collection; (10) four specimens: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (11) one specimen: Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (12) one specimen: Atoyac, Vera Cruz, May, H.H.S., Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (13) five specimens: Orizaba, H.H.S. &amp; F.D.G., Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (14) three specimens: San Rafael, Jicaltepec, V. Cruz, Mex. 3/12, 96; (15) one specimen: Huachinango, Mexico; (16) one specimen: Calligrapha picra Chev., Mexico, Mex.; (17) one specimen: Mexico, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (18) one specimen: Mex. ex. Chev. coll.? Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) eight specimens: 29784, aeneopicta Stål, picta Chevr. Dej. amoena, N.A., Mexico, Deppe [seven specimens without data]; (2) two specimens: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, 96398 [one with: Callig. aeneopicta]; (3) three specimens: Mexico, Hoege S., Kotze G.; (4) one specimen: aeneopicta Stahl, Mexico; (5) one specimen: var. Mx. H.; (6) one specimen: sp. ign. Mex; (7) one specimen: Manantial, Veracruz; (8) one specimen: Mexico, Jalapa, aeneopicta Stål; (9) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca; (10) one specimen: Mexico; (11) one specimen: 792, Jalapa; (12) one specimen: Mexico, Puebla; (13) four specimens: Manantial [one with: 792]. NHM: (1) one specimen: Named by Stål, Baly Coll, aeneopicta Stål Mexico, named by Stål, Col: Deyrolle; (2) three specimens: Mexico, 56/55 [two with: 56/143]; (3) one specimen: Mexico; (4) one specimen: Mex., Baly Coll.; (5) one specimen: Truqui, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100; (6) one specimen: Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål Mexico; (7) three specimens: Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100 [one with: 23839]; (8) one specimen: Orizaba, H.H.S. &amp; F.D.G. Dec. 1857, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (9) one specimen: Cordova, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: Sp. figured]; (10) two specimens: Toxpam, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 636, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (11) one specimen: Orizaba, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (12) five specimens: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (13) one specimen: Ex Coll. J. Sturm, Mexico, Guyan. Calligrapha suturalis Mihi, Mexico Sallé Coll., Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (14) one specimen: 150, Vera Cruz, Mexico, Koebele, R.C.L. Perkins, B.M. 1942-95; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Pascoe Coll. 93-60, Calligrapha aeneopicta . NMB: (1) one specimen: Orizaba, Mex., Dr. A. Fenyes, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (2) one specimen: Mexico 1888, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951; (3) four specimens: Mexiko. NMCZ: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) two specimens: Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta]; (3) one specimen: icterica Chevr. Mexiq., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (4) two specimens: Mex., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (5) four specimens: Mexique, Mexico, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (6) one specimen: aeneopicta Mexiq., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (7) one specimen: Mexico, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (8) three specimens: Mexico, Mus. Pragense Col. Kambersky [one with: Call. aeneopicta, Calligrapha aeneopicta St. J. Achard det.]. NMNH: (1) two specimens: Mexico, F. Monrós Collection 1959 [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål F. Monrós det. 1954; (2) two specimens: Mexico, Veracruz, 17.vi.1897, R. Hañover, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (3) six specimens: San Rafael, Jicaltepec, Vera Cruz, Mex., 25 June, Townsend [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål F. Monrós det. 1953]; (4) one specimen: Nogales V.C., Mex. 16.6.0 5, Fredk Knab collector; (5) one specimen: Cordoba, V.C., Mex., Mch. 1.07, Fredk Knab collector; (6) one specimen: Cordoba, Mex., Dec. 20. ’07, Fredk Knab Collector; (7) one specimen: Mexico DF, J.R. Inda Collector; (8) one specimen: on leaf banana from Mex., 17.12.1934, New Orleans #10610, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål F. Monrós det. 1953; (9) one specimen: Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege; (10) two specimens: Almo, iii; (11) one specimen: Orizaba, V.C., Mex., Jan. 9–16, ’92, H. Osborn Collector; (12) one specimen: Mex., Coll. M.L. Linell; (13) one specimen: Ogumba, Mexico, alt. 8.088 ft, Collection Wm Schaus; (14) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba, 1 June 1981, W.E. Steiner, Calligrapha aeneopicta (Stål) Det. C.L. Staines 2004; (15) one specimen: Mexico, Ver., Huatusco, vii.25.1964, A.B. Lau; (16) one specimen: Ojo de Agua, Sabinas, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico, Alt. 1000 ft., June 14, 1940, Hoogstraal and Knight, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (17) one specimen: Dos Amates, Veracruz, Mexico, P. Hubbell, 5.1975, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (18) one specimen: Jalapa, Mex., Wickham Collection 1933; (19) two specimens: Jalapa, mex., vi.1, Smith, Wickham Collection 1933 [one with: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita 2011]; (20) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 11.9 mi E Jalapa, 2600’, Rte. 140, iv.9.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez- Zurita det. 2011; (21) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 22.0 mi E Jalapa, Rte. 140, 1000’, iii.9.66, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (22) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 4.7 mi E Jalapa, 3600’, Rte. 140, iv.9.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors; (23) one specimen: Mexico, Veracruz, 6.2 mi NW Jalapa, 5600’, Rte. 140, iv.8.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead collectors. NRM: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Tarnier; (2) two specimens: Mexico, Sallé; (3) one specimen: Mexico, Stål; (4) one specimen: Mexico, aeneopicta Stål. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen: X0532849, Mexico, Veracruz, Paraje Nuevo, vi.1942, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens: [X0538610 and X0548062], Mexico, Hidalgo, 4 km N Chapulhuacan, 8.viii.1967, Horace R. Burke &amp; J. Hafernik; (3) two specimens: [X0547547 and X0549309], Mexico, Veracruz, 4 mi E Guadalupe, 31.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) one specimen: Mexico, Hoege S. &amp; Kotze G., Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (2) one specimen: Mexico, Oaxaca, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke.</p><p>UNKNOWN SOURCE</p><p>MCZ: (1) two specimens: F.C. Bowditch Collection [one with: 924]; (2) one specimen: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) one specimen: 1st Jacoby Coll., Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) one specimen: Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål; (2) nine specimens: [no data]. NHM: (1) one specimen: 61, Baly Coll.; (2) two specimens: Baly Coll.; (3) three specimens: 67/56; (4) one specimen: C. picta Duf., Baly Coll.; (5) two specimens: 4852 [one with: C. picta Duf.]; (6) one specimen: picta, 67- 56; (7) one specimen: E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56; (8) one specimen: E. Coll. Thomson 67-56; (9) one specimen: E. Coll. Thomson, 67-56. NMCZ: (1) five specimens: Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen: 125; (3) one specimen: N. Granada, Coll. Nickerl Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen: Gift Ex MCZ Dupl. Series; (2) one specimen: Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål F. Monrós det. 1953. OUMNH: (1) one specimen: Named 1898 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål; (2) one specimen: Named 1899 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål; (3) one specimen: 45, Calligrapha picta . ZSM: (1) one specimen: Coll. Haag, Polyspila aeneopicta Stal, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke.</p><p>Variation. This species is quite constant in its shape and elytral simplified patterns, but interestingly, some individuals display minute spots where other species show the typical Calligrapha markings. For instance, some specimens present a very small spot enclosed by humeral lunule near the apex of the latter marking, or more rarely they can show faint traces of the discal spot on external concavity of arcuate band. However, very often, they do not have any trace of spots on the elytra, or have two little markings instead of one as in the type. Thus, the small spot of the lateral declivity of elytra is often lacking and very rarely there may be additional minute spots or traces of them (ground colour becoming paler) on disc. Rarely, some specimens may lack spot on apical declivity of elytra or have it minute and detached from subsutural stripe, but it can be also relatively large and broadly fused laterally to subsutural stripe, small and also fused or, more rarely, free (in three of the specimens I have seen, it is free on one elytron and fused on the other; and in a couple of specimens it is missing altogether in just one elytron).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E355D6468FFE08F9CFBF7FA73F8D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús	Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2015): Systematic revision of the genus Calligrapha Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of Calligrapha argus Stål. Zootaxa 3922 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3922.1.1
