identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C6FCD2C24D82E4DBE3AAA24635391DDE.text	C6FCD2C24D82E4DBE3AAA24635391DDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia Warren 1895	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia Warren, 1895</p><p>Orthobrachia Warren, 1895. Novit. zool. 2: 121. Type species: Stegania latifasciata Moore, 1888 by original designation. In: Hewitson &amp; Moore, Descr. new Ind. lep. Insects Colln late Mr. Atkinson: 260. [Type specimen: Lectotype, male, Darjeeling in India (BMNH, London), designation by Yazaki in Haruta, 1992]</p><p>Description and diagnosis.</p><p>Head. Male antennae shortly and stiffly bipectinate to three-fourths or four-fifth, rami unscaled on dorsal side, flattened and distally slightly clubbed, arising ventrally from about the middle or the proximal one third of the flagellomers. Female antennae filiform. Frons narrow, flat, smooth-scaled. Palps delicate, slightly curved upward, reaching just beyond frons. Basal segment rough-scaled, second segment smooth-scaled, terminal segment very small. Haustellum well developed. Thorax. Hind leg tibia not dilated, without scent-brush. Index of spurs 0-2-4. Forewings without fovea; common stalk of veins R2-R5 arising at large distance from the upper corner of the cell (= origin of M1) in forewing, very close to the origin of vein R1 which anastomoses with Sc. In hindwing vein Rs also at large distance from M1. Abdomen with tergites and sternites weak, membranous, only tergites 1 and 2 and sternites 1+2 may be slightly sclerotized. Sternite 3 without setal comb. Tympanal organs rather large, globular, without laciniae.</p><p>Characters indicating Orthobrachia to be a distinct genus are found in the male genitalia: Elongated, spined or densely setose lobes arising from dorsal margin of sacculus near its base are present in all species of Orthobrachia, but are not found in other genera of Baptini . The valves are elongated, more or less parallel-sided, with rounded apex, curved upward in all species except Orthobrachia simpliciata, with a broad, immaculate zone with one or two processes of different shape; valve lamina with an elongated field of setae; gnathos weak, only lateral arms present; juxta a broad, oval, somewhat elongate plate, ventrally angled and with v-shaped incision distally; aedeagus with bulbous caudal end, curved or straight, with one or two large cornuti on vesica, in two species with a bunch of external cornuti or a long row of small cornuti.</p><p>The female genitalia also indicate the distinctness of Orthobrachia, though their characters separate two species-groups: 1) the latifasciata -group, also containing flavidior, tenebrosa and owadai: their genitalia are characterized by a well sclerotized antrum with distal and/or lateral processes, continued into a long, sclerotized band that reaches deeply into the bursa copulatrix. Signum a large, ring-like structure without dentation; 2) the simpliciata -group with semicircular lamellae antevaginales, without long sclerotized bands and with a stellate signum. Orthobrachia simpliciata exhibits the most plesiomorphic characters in the female, but also in the male genitalia.</p><p>Host-plant.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Oriental Region. The distributional map of all the known species is provided in Figure 1.</p><p>Key to the species of the genus Orthobrachia</p><p>(based on wing pattern and colouration)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6FCD2C24D82E4DBE3AAA24635391DDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
2D491C1AFDC7387958382320BEEC90AE.text	2D491C1AFDC7387958382320BEEC90AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia latifasciata (Moore 1888) Moore 1888	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia latifasciata (Moore, 1888) Figures 2 A–B, 4A, 5A</p><p>Stegania latifasciata Moore, 1888, in Hewitson &amp; Moore, Descr. new Indian lepid. Insects Colln late Mr Atkinson: 260. Type locality: Darjeeling, India.</p><p>Orthobrachia latifasciata: Yazaki 1992: 21.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species can be recognized and distinguished from the other Orthobrachia species based on external features. Main diagnostic characters are the strongly waved antemedial and postmedial lines in forewing, the white or slightly greyish-white medial bands and the large, dark brown apical patch with concave posterior border in hind wing (see also key to species). In addition the genitalia of both sexes exhibit distinctive characters: valva with a large, dorsal saccular lobe, formed like a heterocercal fish-tail in a lateral view, broadly oval in dorsal view. Compared to flavidior, the uncus is more slender, and the shorter and broader valva of the latter has a large basal lobe instead of the hook-like costal process just beyond the middle of the valva. The aedeagus of latifasciata is long and slender, with one stout cornutus, that of flavidior is shorter and rather stout, with two cornuti. The female genitalia are distinctive, with three long spines distally on the antrum, while flavidior has two short distal and two long proximal spines laterally on antrum. A second similar species is owadai, also having a white median band in hind wing (diagnosis given under owadai).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>INDIA: 1♂, Lectotype of Stegania latifasciata Moore, designated by Yazaki (1992), labeled "Type/ Stegania latifasciata Moore, Type/1621 Darjeeling/ Moore Coll. 94-106/ Geometridae genitalia slide No. 7925 ♂", BMNH; l♂2♀♀, W. Bengal, Tiger Hill, 2573 m, 30.IX-5.X.1986, F. Aulombard &amp; J. Plante leg., BMNH. l♂1♀, “Khasias”, L. B. Prout Coll., B.M. 1939-643 (ZFMK, by exchange from BMNH, 1964); NEPAL: l♂, Godavari, 28.VI.1990, preserved in BMNH; Gandaki Parbat District, 1♀, Ghorapani, Deolari, 2800 m, 15.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT; 1♀, Ulleri, 2070 m, 14.X.1981, M. Owada leg., preserved in NSMT; 3♀♀, Banthanti, 2620 m, 16.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT; l♂2♀♀, nr Kathmandu, Siwapuri 2650 m, 7.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT. 1♂, Indien, Jammu &amp; Kashmir, Ladakh, 15 km E Drass, 3000 m, 1.VIII.1986, leg. W. Thomas, Gen. prep. no. 2306-DS, ZFMK; CHINA: 1♂2♀♀, Tieshanting, Mao’ershan Na tional Nature Reserve, 1950 m, 11.IX.2015, M. Wang leg., SCAU; 1♀, “Frontière orientale du Thibet, Chasseurs indigènes du P. Déjean 1906"/ Lomographa, Orthobrachia Warr., latifasciata Moore ♀, abgebildet Seitz IV. Suppl. fig. 22g, ex coll. Ch. Oberthür . ZFMK.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The adults are flying in summer and autumn.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>N. India, Nepal and China.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is distributed in the high mountains, usually above 2000 m and up to 3000 m in altitude.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2D491C1AFDC7387958382320BEEC90AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
C0F043DB5EA912D39A07C614A9742B1E.text	C0F043DB5EA912D39A07C614A9742B1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia flavidior (Hampson 1898) Hampson 1898	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia flavidior (Hampson, 1898) Figures 2 C–F, 4B, 5B</p><p>Orthobrachia latifasciata ab. flavidior Warren, 1896, Novit. zool. 3: 128. Unavailable, infrasubspecific.</p><p>Stegania latifasciata var. flavidior Hampson, 1898, J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 714. Type locality: Khasi Hills, India.</p><p>Lomographa latifasciata flavidior Warren [sic]: Wehrli 1939: 296. Incorrect authorship.</p><p>Orthobrachia flavidior: Yazaki 1992: 22.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is very similar to Orthobrachia latifasciata, but is generally smaller and can be distinguished by external features and characters of the genitalia: the postmedial line of forewing is almost straight or just slightly curved inward from costa to tornus, the clear white medial bands of hind wing are narrowly bordered dark grey outside, but a large, dark apical patch is absent; the uncus is broader and a little shorter than in latifasciata; the valva is shorter and broader and has a large, roundish, sclerotized lobe at base of the costa and lacks a median, hook-like costal process found in latifasciata . The basal saccular process is much larger and longer and arises more distally. A second saccular lobe is missing. The aedeagus is rather stout, with a round apex, which is bluntly pointed in latifasciata . The cornuti, consisting of a pair of stout spines situated on a diverticulum of the vesica, are somewhat longer than in latifasciata . In the female genitalia, the antrum is well sclerotized, nearly quadrate, with two pairs of processes, longer at caudal and shorter at distal margin, while in latifasciata it bears three longer distal spines.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>INDIA: 1♀, Lectotype of Orthobrachia latifasciata ab. flavidior Warren, designated by Yazaki (1992), labeled "Type/ Orthobrachia latifasciata Moore ab. flavidior Warr. Type ♀/ Khasis Nat. Coll. /Rothschild Bequest B. M. 1939-1/ Geometridae genitalia slide No. 15658 ♀", BMNH; 1♀, Paralectotype of Orthobrachia latifasciata ab. flavidior Warren, "Khasis, May 1896, Nat. Coll."/ Collectio H. J. Elwes/ ZFMK, by exchange from BMNH, 1964; l♂, Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary; Joicey Bequest. Brit. Mus. 1934-120/ ZFMK, by exchange from BMNH, 1964; l♂, India, W. Bengal, 2400 m, Darjeeling, Tigerhill, 10-12.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas. ZFMK; 1♀, same locality &amp; collector, 29-31.VIII.1986, ZFMK. NEPAL: l♂, Go davari, 2.V.1990, preserved in BMNH; l♂, Mt. Phulchouki 21.VII.1990, BMNH. l♂, Pokhara, 2 km S Kharey, 1785 m, 21-25.II.2009, leg. T. Ihle &amp; S. Löffler . ZFMK; l♂, Gandaki Kaski District, Naudanda, 1470 m, 12.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT. CHINA: 1♀, Tieshanting, Mao’ershan National Nature Reserve, 1950 m, 11.IX.2015, M. Wang leg., SCAU. l♂, West-Tien-Mu-Shan, 1600 m, Pz. Chekiang, 18.VII.1932, H. Höne . "/ Lomographa latifasciata [sic] Moore ♂, abgebildet Seitz IV. Suppl. Fig. 22g, ZFMK; 1♀, "Chasseurs Indigènes des Missionaires de Ta-tsien-Lou, 1906", ex coll. Ch. Oberthür . ZFMK. THAILAND: l♂, Changwat Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok, 18km NW of Fang, 2100 m, 7.II.2000, leg. Hreblay &amp; Szabó, ZFMK; VIETNAM: l♂, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, 2250 m, 1-6.XI.1995, leg. V. Sinjaev &amp; E. Afonin; l♂1♀, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, 1500-1800 m, 10.VI-6.VII.1994, leg. V. Sinjaev &amp; local collectors (ZFMK).</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The adults are flying from February to November.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>N. India, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam and China.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species was firstly described by Warren (1896) as latifasciata ab. flavidior, which is nomenclaturally unavailable. Hampson (1898) raised the name to a species-group rank, stating, "The Khasi form has the dark markings of forewing reduced, and the white band of hindwing broader." - The " latifasciata "-male from Zhejiang figured in Seitz 4, Suppl. on plate 22, line g, is misidentified and in fact a male of flavidior . It is preserved in coll. ZFMK and could be checked by D.S.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0F043DB5EA912D39A07C614A9742B1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
D8325E729928C16F3F9B6CBC86CF0548.text	D8325E729928C16F3F9B6CBC86CF0548.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia owadai Yazaki 1992	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia owadai Yazaki, 1992 Figs 3B, 4D, 5D</p><p>Orthobrachia owadai Yazaki, 1992, Tinea, 13 (Suppl. 2): 23. Type locality: West Sikkim, India.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species can be distinguished from other Orthobrachia species, especially from the very similar female of latifasciata, based predominantly on the following characters: In the forewing, the postmedial line is situated more distally and less deeply waved. In the hindwing, the postmedial line is shaded distally with brown, more broadly than in flavidior, but much less than in latifasciata . In the latter the whole apical one-third is dark brown, with a rounded posterior border. In the male genitalia, the valva has a large triangular, distally rounded costal process just before the middle, a second, smaller one at the base of the valva and the saccular lobes are shorter and broader, roundish, curved basad. The aedeagus is slender with a bunch of short spines externally near apex, the vesica bears two cornuti situated one after another on a large diverticulum (looking like one large cornutus in our Fig. 4D). In the female genitalia, a large lamella postvaginalis is absent and the antrum bears only two spines distally, pointing laterally. Longitudinal sclerotized band and round, ring-like signum are uniting owadai with the three species mentioned before.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>INDIA, 1♂, Holotype, West Sikkim, Choka, 3050 m, 23-24.IX.1983, M. Owada leg., NSMT. 1♂, Indien, W. Bengal, 2400 m, Darjeeling, Tigerhill, 10-12.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas. Gen. prep. no. 2305-DS. ZFMK.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The two adults known were flying in Juli and September, at elevations between 2400 and 3050 m.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>N.E. India, Sikkim.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species has so far been observed near the type locality only.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D8325E729928C16F3F9B6CBC86CF0548	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
9AA9ABBF0D5582D1296C8F806730EFE7.text	9AA9ABBF0D5582D1296C8F806730EFE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia tenebrosa Yazaki 1992	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia tenebrosa Yazaki, 1992 Figures 3A, 4C, 5C</p><p>Orthobrachia tenebrosa Yazaki, 1992, Tinea, 13 (Suppl. 2): 23. Type locality: Gandaki Parbat District, Nepal.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is similar to Orthobrachia latifasciata, Orthobrachia flavidior and Orthobrachia owadai, especially similar to latifasciata, which has very similar transverse lines and also a large, dark brown apical patch in the hindwing, but can be distinguished easily from all three species by the dark brown medial area of the hindwing which are white or greyish-white in the other three. Moreover, the postmedian line is situated more distally. In the forewing, the broader median area is more strongly suffused with greyish-brown (see also key to species). In the male genitalia, length and width of the uncus are intermediate between latifasciata and flavidior . The valva bears a small triangular, apically rounded costal process arising from beyond the middle, and the saccular lobe is longer, extending more dorsally beyond dorsal margin of the valva, compared to flavidior . The aedeagus is more slenderly built and shorter, two cornuti are present on vesica, but smaller in size. There is no external bunch of spines like in owadai . The female genitalia are very similar to those of latifasciata, but the antrum is smaller, with the lateral pair of spines of equal length of the central one. In latifasciata, the lateral spines are longer.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>NEPAL: 1♂, Holotype, Gandaki Parbat District, Ghorapani, Deolari, 2800 m, 15.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT; Paratypes, 5♂♂, Same data as holotype. INDIA: 1♀, Western Bengal, Tiger Hill, 2573 m, 30.IX-5.X.1986, F. Aulombard &amp; J. Plante leg., BMNH.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The adults are flying in September and October in high elevations between 2500 and 2800 m.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Nepal, NE. India</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The female from Sikkim, designated as paratype by Yazaki (1992), is the only female known so far. We figure its genitalia here, provided by Mr. K. Yazaki.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9AA9ABBF0D5582D1296C8F806730EFE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
1D3A685D4118F29B4C4B946C8DDB5292.text	1D3A685D4118F29B4C4B946C8DDB5292.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia simpliciata Yazaki 2002	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia simpliciata Yazaki, 2002 Figures 3 C–D, 4E, 5E</p><p>Orthobrachia simpliciata Yazaki, 2002, Tinea, 17 (1): 32. Type locality: Taiwan, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This species is characterized in appearance by rather long antennal rami in the male, less yellowish (rather creamy white) wings, especially in the distal third of the hindwing, somewhat ill-defined transverse fasciae, and in the hindwing-pattern consisting of an incomplete postmedial line only. In the male genitalia the valva is simple, almost not curved dorsad at apex and any costal ornamentation, such as small processes, present in latifasciata and tenebrosa, or the large dorsal expansions in flavidior and owadai, are absent. The saccular process is small and situated close to the base of valva. The aedeagus is unique in having a large row of small cornuti on vesica, together with a terminal, stronger and straight cornutus. Female genitalia are very different compared to latifasciata, flavidior, tenebrosa and owadai (" latifasciata -group"). The distinctive differences unite simpliciata with maoershanensis and hirowatarii (the simpliciata -group): with an arcuate, narrow lamella antevaginalis instead of a spined antrum, without long sclerotized bands and with an asymmetric, stellate signum. Orthobrachia simpliciata exhibits the most plesiomorphic characters in the female, but also in the male genitalia.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>TAIWAN: 1♂, Holotype, Taichung, Mt. Anmashan, 2350 m altitude, 1.IV.1996, H.R. Tzuoo leg., NMNS; Paratypes 1♂2♀♀, same data as holotype, 1♂ same locality as holotype except for 9.III.1996, Fu leg., NSMT.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The species was flying in spring at the type-locality.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Taiwan).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is endemic to Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D3A685D4118F29B4C4B946C8DDB5292	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
D1DFA0AEC89B654B081EE3EF35D6F27C.text	D1DFA0AEC89B654B081EE3EF35D6F27C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia maoershanensis Huang, Xin & Wang 2003	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia maoershanensis Huang, Xin &amp; Wang, 2003 Figures 3 E–F, 4F, 5F</p><p>Orthobrachia maoershanensis Huang, Xin &amp; Wang, 2003, Tinea, 17 (5): 229. Type locality: Guangxi, China.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The species is externally very similar to the new species described below, to Orthobrachia simpliciata and also to Orthobrachia tenebrosa, but can be distinguished from all by the following characters: The antemedial and postmedial lines of the forewing are distinctly waved in tenebrosa, in maoershanensis almost straight, only the postmedial is slightly curved inward near costa of forewing, straight in the new species. From Orthobrachia simpliciata, it can easily be separated mainly by the differences in the hind wing pattern described above. Further distinguishing features see next species. The male genitalia of all three species have clear specific characters, the female genitalia as well, the latter uniting simpliciata, maoershanensis and hirowatarii sp. n. by a number of characters shared.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>CHINA: 1♂, Holotype, Mao’ershan National Nature Reserve, 2000 m altitude, 25°54'N, 110°30'E, Primary forest, Xin’an County, Guangxi Province, China, 28.VI.2003, G.H. Huang leg., Gen. prep. no. HGH-SCAU_0011, SCAU; Paratypes 2♂♂7♀♀, same locality as in the holotype, 1600-2000 m, 28.VI-4.VII.2003, M. Wang and G.H. Huang leg., Gen. prep. no. HGH-SCAU_0013 (female), SCAU (1♂1♀ donated to Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (IZCAS)); 1♂, Huilongsi, Mao’ershan National Nature Reserve, 1489 m, 10.IX.2015, M. Wang leg., HUNAU. 1♀, N. Vietnam, Cha-pa, Mt. Fan-si-pan, 22°15'N 103°46'E, 1500-1800 m, 10.VI-6.VII.1994, lux, leg.V. Sinjaev &amp; local coll., ZFMK.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The species was collected in June-July and again in September in a primary forest near the top of a mountain, at elevations between 1500 and 2000 m.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Guangxi), Vietnam.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1DFA0AEC89B654B081EE3EF35D6F27C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
28B141F1F92B22FB3835247CFD37D9FB.text	28B141F1F92B22FB3835247CFD37D9FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthobrachia hirowatarii Huang, Su & Stuening	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</p><p>Orthobrachia hirowatarii Huang, Su &amp; Stuening sp. n. Figures 3 G–H, 4G, 5G</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This new species is externally very similar to Orthobrachia maoershanensis but can be distinguished by the dark-brown ante- and postmedial lines, which are stronger and straight in hirowatarii, more delicate and the postmedial line curved inwards near costa in maoershanensis . The tornal dark brown patch is broader and shorter in the latter, reaching up to the middle of the medial band; the narrower patch of hirowatarii is longer and reaches almost back to the antemedial line. In the hind wing, the narrow, almost black postmedial line is almost straight between apex and tornus in hirowatarii, while it is evenly curved between anterior and posterior margin distinctly basad of apex and tornus in maoershanensis . The valve in the male genitalia is longer and narrower with two processes near the base in hirowatarii, a multi-dentate costal process and an arm-shaped, angled, apically densely setose saccular process. The costal process in maoershanensis is short and apically rounded, the saccular process thumb-like, with shorter setae at tip. In addition, the latter has a broad, basal costal process, similar to that found in flavidior . The aedeagus is short, stout, with two cornuti in maoershanensis, while hirowatarii has a longer, narrow aedeagus with a bunch of external spines at the border between shaft and vesica. The female genitalia are also clearly separable, though both (and simpliciata, too) have a similar, asymmetric, stellate signum (very small in simpliciata). Hirowatarii has a large, rather quadrate, strongly sclerotized antrum, with a transverse, semicircular, broad lamella antevaginalis distally, decorated with a pair of lateral spines. In maoershanensis, the quadrate part is absent, the semicircular part more delicate and the spines smaller. Moreover, maoershanensis has a much longer, fluted ductus bursae and the bursa is smaller (in our Fig. 5G with a damage on the left side).</p><p>Description.</p><p>♂ Expanse 27-30 mm, length of forewing 13-15 mm.</p><p>Head. Antenna bipectinate to three-fourths, rami arising from the proximal one third of flagellomers, apical 15-16 segments not pectinated. Frons narrow, smooth-scaled, lower half with yellow, upper half with greyish-brown scales. Vertex with larger, creamy white scales. Palps narrow, short, scaled light greyish-brown. Thorax. Patagia greyish-brown, tegulae creamy white, thorax subdorsally with two longitudinal, dark brown lines (which are continued on the abdomen). Forewing ground colour creamy white, with transverse striation of dark brown and orange, scales of the same colours also accompany the veins. There is a dark brown patch at tornus, extended along posterior margin, reaching almost the antemedial line. The latter line strong, dark brown, straight, shortly curved basad and broadening near costa; postmedial line straight from tornus to 1/4 of costal margin; there is a small, semicircular loop between veins R5 and M1 at termen (also present in maoershanensis and simpliciata); cilia dark brown at posterior half of termen, creamy white between the dark end of the veins in anterior half. Hindwing rounded; ground colour similar to forewing, with broad, greyish-brown medial area. Thin blackish-brown postmedial line straight between tornus and apex, discal cell with a small black spot. Cilia brown, apart from those in the spaces M1-M3, M3-CuA1 and CuA1- CuA2 which are creamy white.</p><p>♀ Expanse 30-34 mm, length of forewing 14-16 mm, antenna filiform. The ground colour of the wings and the pattern elements are very similar to the male.</p><p>Male genitalia: Uncus rather broad and short, beak-shaped. Gnathos consisting of weak, flattened lateral arms only, not fused in the middle. Valva long and narrow, with the distal end of costa projecting above the valve surface. Costa with a large, multi-dentate process just basally of the middle, and saccular process with a narrow basal arm and a broader, globular, apically densely setose distal parts. Juxta a large, broad, somewhat elongated plate. Saccus broad and rounded, flattened at base. Aedeagus slender with a bunch of well-developed cornuti, arising externally at the border between shaft and vesical, the latter without cornuti.</p><p>Female genitalia: Papillae anales elongate, apophyses long; a. anteriores about 3/5 the length of a. posteriores; lamella antevaginalis well sclerotized, semicircular, with a pair of spines bilaterally, united with a large, nearly quadrate, well sclerotized antrum; bursa copulatrix thinly membranous, pear-shaped (not clearly visible in our figure), distal part sclerotized, fluted, containing a wrinkled band; ductus bursae very short; signum rounded, margins and internal surface covered with spines.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>♂, China: Sichuan, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, 1420 m, 10.VIII.2015, light trap, G.H. Huang leg., Gen. prep. no. HGH-HUNAU_0165 deposited in HUNAU.</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>5♂♂8♀♀, same locality as holotype, but 09-11.VIII.2015, G.H. Huang, T. Hirowatari, T.T. Yu and M. Wang leg., Gen. prep. no. HGH-HUNAU_0168 (female), deposited in HUNAU and SCAU. 1♂, N.Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, 23 km NW Sop Kha, 1 km E Kop Dong, 1650 m, 29.I.2000, leg. Márton Hreblay. Gen. prep. no. 2304-DS, ZFMK</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is in honour of Prof. Toshiya Hirowatari, who was the supervisor of the first author for Ph.D. Course in Osaka Prefecture University.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The adults fly in August in Sichuan, in January in Thailand, at elevations between 1400 and 1700 m. The host of larvae is unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan), Thailand.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This new species was collected at a small village in the forest, with a light-trap inside a house, with artificial vegetation around it. Therefore the habitat seems to be quite different from that of other Orthobrachia species. E. g., Orthobrachia maoershanensis originates from environment with natural vegetation in the core zone of the Nature Reserve.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/28B141F1F92B22FB3835247CFD37D9FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Huang, Guo-Hua;Su, Zi-You;Stuening, Dieter	Huang, Guo-Hua, Su, Zi-You, Stuening, Dieter (2016): Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). ZooKeys 609: 121-137, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.609.8288
