taxonID	type	description	language	source
039FCF4AFFB4FF842AB26E8DFBAFF9ED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Form elongate, oblong to broadly oval, dorsum moderately to strongly convex, densely pubescent, elytral pubescence often comprising a mixture of dark and paler hairs. Head with expanded clypeus, eyes with a distinct but narrow ocular canthus. Antennae with 11 antennomeres. Scutellar shield large, triangular and prominent. Prosternal carinae inverted Y-shaped with a short stem. Abdominal postcoxal line complete, deeply semicircular, or apically obliterated and apparently incomplete (Chen et al. 2016). Tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4. Female genitalia with a complex, coiled spermatheca, coxites elongate triangular. Note. Many species of this genus have a similar external appearance with the ground colour black to dark pitchy brown with yellowish-orange elytral maculae, often in the form of four orange yellow elytral spots of various sizes / shapes. This genus is generally poorly represented in institutional collections and due to its general resemblance to other Scymnini, it is likely to be difficult to spot in mixed collections.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB4FF842AB26E8DFBAFF9ED.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology / Hosts. Members of Horniolus mostly prey on mealybugs, such as Planococcus lilacinus (Cockerell) and Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), infesting coffee, tea and pineapple. These beetles also feed on spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) (Irulandi et al. 2001; Ramani et al. 2002; He et al. 2013; Poorani 2015; Chen et al. 2016; label data).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB4FF872AB26B5BFE68FEA2.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 a – d)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB4FF872AB26B5BFE68FEA2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species (Fig. 1 a, b) has reddish-brown head and pronotum and the elytra are dark brown to black, with each elytron having three bright yellow-orange maculae as follows (Fig. 1 a): a small basal spot adjacent to the humeral callus; a large, transverse spot, roughly trapezoidal in shape and slightly oblique with a deep median constriction, reaching a little beyond midline; and a smaller, transverse oval macula near apical margin, narrowed and curved outward; the smallest basal spot fused with the large anterior macula in one example (Fig. 1 b). Male genitalia as illustrated (Figs 1 c, d) (Image credit: Keita Matsumoto, Copyright BMNH). (Based on the material studied at BMNH).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB4FF872AB26B5BFE68FEA2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Ceylon, G. Lewis, 1910 - 320 / Dikoya, 3800 - 4200 ft, 21. I. - 7. II. 22 (2: BMNH); one male specimen with same data, genitalia dissected and in glass vial pinned with the specimen, bearing the label “ Horniolus dispar Weise, R. G. Booth det. 1985 ” (BMNH).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB4FF872AB26B5BFE68FEA2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka. Note. Bielawski (1957) described H. dispar as Scymnus (Pullus) sp. from Sri Lanka and later corrected this error (Bielawski 1961).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF862AB26DB5FB80FD5A.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 e)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF862AB26DB5FB80FD5A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah); Bangladesh. Note. Horniolus guimeti (Mulsant) (Fig. 1 e, BMNH) was originally described by Mulsant (1850) as Scymnus guimeti based on Hope’s material. Booth & Pope (1989) mentioned that “ this species appears not to have been correctly recognized since its original description ”, transferred it to Horniolus and designated a lectotype for it with illustrations of the male and female genitalia. As observed by Poorani (2002, 2015), it is a doubtful record for India and the specimens identified as H. guimeti by R. D. Pope in the collections of the erstwhile Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Bangalore, were found to be Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus Motschulsky, 1858, a common species with a superficially similar elytral pattern consisting of four yellow spots. Poorani (2002) and Chen et al. (2016) included Bangladesh in its distribution range and it remains an unverified record.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF862AB26971FD92FA62.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India (Szawaryn & Větrovec 2020), Nepal (Canepari 2003), and China (Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Tibet) (Ren et al. 2009; Chen et al. 2016). Note. Miyatake (1976) described it from Hong Kong. Chen et al. (2016) redescribed it with illustrations of specimens from China. Recently Szawaryn & Větrovec (2020) recorded it from northeastern India (Assam) and illustrated the habitus and male genitalia.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF862AB26FD2FC2AFBC6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: Tamil Nadu. Note. Miyatake (1976) described it based on a single male specimen collected from Valparai (Western Ghats / Nilgiris range) and illustrated the habitus and the male genitalia. It appears to be a very rare species and any representatives could not be found in any recent collections from the same area.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF802AB268DAFE08FDF8.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF802AB268DAFE08FDF8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Length: 2.20 – 2.65 mm; width: 1.65 – 1.80 mm. Form (Fig. 2 a, b) elongate, oblong oval, dorsum moderately convex and densely pubescent. Head and pronotum dark testaceous brown, elytra dark pitchy brown to black, each elytron with a pair of bright orange-yellow spots, anterior spot transverse, subrectangular with a wavy margin, posterior spot transverse oval and smaller, not reaching sutural or lateral margins, both spots occasionally larger, almost touching lateral margins of elytra. Ventral side dark reddish brown, except legs lighter, yellowish brown. Abdominal postcoxal line (Fig. 2 c) complete and semicircular, area enclosed by postcoxal line sparsely punctate with few punctures along anterior margins. Male genitalia (Fig. 2 e – g) and spermatheca (Fig. 2 d) as illustrated.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB6FF802AB268DAFE08FDF8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: Karnataka; Kerala; Tamil Nadu. Prey / associated habitat. Predatory on Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae); Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae); associated with mealybugs infesting coffee, garden plants, hedgerows and avenue trees such as Spathodea campanulata and Bauhinea purpurea; on Eleusine coracana (label data). This species was recorded by Ramani et al. (2002) (as Horniolus sp.) as a predator of A. dispersus. Irulandi et al. (2001) recorded this species as H. vietnamicus Miyatake, 1976 and studied its biology on coffee mealybug, Planococcus lilacinus. Najitha (2016) and Vidya & Bhaskar (2017) recorded it as a predator of pepper root mealybug (Formicococcus polysperes Williams) from Kerala, South India. Seasonal occurrence. Collected in June, September, December (label data). Note. This species has a superficial similarity with Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus Motschulsky, 1858, one of the most commonly collected species of this region. Horniolus sororius can be differentiated from S. latemaculatus by the comparatively more elongate body outline, presence of a mixture of dark and paler setae on the elytra, prosternal carinae, and the genitalia.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	description	(Fig. 3)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be differentiated from the other known species of Horniolus by its much larger size (2.80 mm long), more robust, broadly oval outline and the colour pattern with reddish brown head and pronotum and yellowish brown, medially infuscate elytra with a pair of basal maculae and a pair of median black spots and the male genitalia. It superficially resembles H. sonduongensis Hoàng, 1979 (as illustrated by Szawaryn & Větrovec 2020) in terms of elytral pattern but the latter appears to be a much darker species with different male genitalia. The male genitalia in H. darjeelingensis sp. n. also somewhat resemble those of H. vietnamicus but the penis guide in the former has distinct lamellate expansions (absent in H. vietnamicus) and is apically broader and less acutely curved in lateral view (apically narrowed and acutely pointed in H. vietnamicus).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	description	Description. Holotype male: Length: 2.80 mm; width: 1.81 mm; PL: 0.97 mm; PW: 1.29 mm; EL: 1.84 mm; EW: 1.81 mm. Form (Fig. 3 a) broad oval, dorsum convex with dense yellowish white pubescence, eyes with erect silvery white hairs. Head and pronotum reddish brown with dark brown lateral margins, scutellar shield medially reddish brown with dark brown borders, elytra yellow, sutural and adjoining areas reddish brown, basal margin of elytra with a black median fascia with an emarginate lower margin, not reaching scutellar shield / lateral or humeral area; middle of each elytron with a black transverse spot (outer half narrow, inner half distinctly broader); margins of elytra narrowly black to dark brown; ventral side yellowish-testaceous, antenna and legs yellow. Head nearly 5 x as wide as an eye, frons broad, interocular distance slightly more than thrice as wide as eye. Pronotum densely punctate on disc, punctures separated by 1 – 3 diameters, very shallowly impressed, interspaces between punctures shiny, punctures distinctly larger and more closely spaced and denser on lateral and anterolateral areas. Elytral punctures densely punctate, shallowly impressed, separated by 2 – 4 diameters, interspaces shiny. Abdominal postcoxal lines (Fig. 3 b, c) complete, deeply semicircular, enclosed area with punctures progressively larger towards posterior. Male genitalia as illustrated (Figs. 3 d – g), penis guide in ventral view (Fig. 3 d) parallel-sided for up to two-thirds of its length, abruptly narrowed and triangular in the apical third, shorter than parameres, parameres with dense, elongate lateral and apical setae (Fig. 3 e); penis (Fig. 3 f) with a well-developed capsule having a short outer process and a distinctly longer inner process, apically modified as illustrated (Fig. 3 g). Female: Not studied.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype male: “ India W. Bengal, Darjeeling dist., Singla 300 m 17. x. 78, Besuchet Löbl ” (NBAIR).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: West Bengal (Darjeeling).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF802AB26FACFBC9F8C1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is in reference to its type locality (Darjeeling).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	description	(Fig. 4)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Horniolus wiolettae sp. n. resembles H. nigripes Miyatake and the male genitalia are also superficially similar. However, the head and pronotum in H. nigripes are black and the male genitalia also differ as follows: the penis guide is as long as parameres and distinctly narrower in the apical one-third and the penis is more strongly curved in Horniolus wiolettae sp. n. while in H. nigripes, the penis guide is shorter than parameres, elongate lanceolate and not narrowed in the apical one-third, and distinctly narrower in lateral view. It also resembles H. sororius and H. hisamatsui in having four-spotted elytra but the latter two species differ from it in having distinctly more transverse, narrower and smaller elytral maculae and different male genitalia. Horniolus dispar differs from the newly described species in having a much darker brown head and pronotum and anterior pair of elytral maculae differently shaped and more deeply constricted in the middle.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	description	Description. Male: Length: 1.42 – 1.68 mm; width: 1.01 – 1.19 mm. TL / TW: 1.41; PL / PW: 0.49 – 0.53; EL / EW: 1.00 – 1.03. Form (Fig. 4 a) elongate oval, dorsum moderately convex, densely pubescent, head and pronotum with yellowish hairs, lateral sides of pronotum with a mixure of dark brown and paler hairs, elytra with bright yellowish hairs on yellow maculae, rest of elytra with dark brown pubescence. Head and pronotum dark reddish brown; scutellar shield black; elytra black, each elytron with a pair of yellowish maculae, anterior one large, broad with a wavy margin, just below basal margin, not reaching suture, almost touching lateral margin, posterior spot smaller, elongate, oblique oval. Head about 3.5 x as wide as an eye, interocular distance about 1.6 x as wide as an eye; Pronotum densely punctate, punctures separated by 1 – 2 diameters. Elytra densely punctate, punctures shallowly impressed, separated by 1 – 3 diameters, interspaces smooth. Abdominal postcoxal lines (Fig. 4 b) complete, broadly and deeply semicircular. Male genitalia (Figs. 4 c – f) with penis guide in ventral view (Fig. 4 c) basally broadest, its sides gradually narrowed towards middle, abruptly narrowed posteriorly into a triangular apex; penis guide in lateral view (Fig. 4 d) basally curved, apically strongly narrowed to an acute tip; parameres (Fig. 4 c, d) with inner and apical margins densely setose, subequal in length to penis guide; penis (Fig. 4 e) with a distinct capsule, strongly curved, apex as illustrated on Fig. 4 f. Female: Not studied.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype male; “ INDIA, TN, Kanyakumari, Pechiparai, 18. vi. 15, N 08.26 o E 077.18 o SM Team ” (NBAIR); Paratype: One male, with the same data as holotype (NBAIR).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: Tamil Nadu.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFB0FF8D2AB26A69FAE1FD18.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honour of Dr. Wioletta Tomaszewska, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, for her significant contributions to Coccinellidae systematics. Note. A single specimen identified as Horniolus nr. nigripes (BMNH, Fig. 1 f) corresponds to this species. The specimen bears two identification labels, one as “ Horniolus? dispar Weise, det. R. B. Madge 1985 ” and the other as “ Horniolus nigripes Miyatake, det. R. G. Booth 1985 ” [“ INDIA: Chrys S. Kerala / on Lagerstroemia sp., CIE A 16725 / Nymph on leaf, Lagerstroemia sp., Vazhani, 16.8.84, K. M. Das C. M., P. P., KFRI / genitalia in glass vial / Horniolus? dispar Weise, det. R. B. Madge 1985 / Horniolus? nigripes Miyatake, det. R. G. Booth 1985 ” (BMNH)].	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26894FDB0FA30.taxon	distribution	Distribution: India (West Bengal).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB268DEFE25F9FD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Sri Lanka.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26B63FDAAF9BA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Malaysia, Bangladesh.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26BA4FC74F900.taxon	distribution	Distribution: India (Assam, West Bengal), Nepal, Hong Kong.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26E0BFC3BFAE7.taxon	description	(Fig. 5)	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26BEEFE5EF8CD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Nepal.	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26A33FDCBF88B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26A75FD72F850.taxon	distribution	Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
039FCF4AFFBDFF8D2AB26ABEFDCBF81E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu).	en	Poorani, J. (2022): A review of Horniolus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian region, including descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5104 (4): 545-556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.4
