identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039D878CFF96EA03FF26BB38FC827577.text	039D878CFF96EA03FF26BB38FC827577.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptothele L. Koch 1872	<div><p>Cryptothele L. Koch, 1872</p><p>Type species: Cryptothele verrucosa L. Koch, 1872, by monotypy.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D878CFF96EA03FF26BB38FC827577	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Benjamin, Suresh P.;Dayananda, Naruwan	Benjamin, Suresh P., Dayananda, Naruwan (2023): Redescription and new locality records of Cryptothele ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 from Sri Lanka (Araneae: Zodariidae). Zootaxa 5352 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.11
039D878CFF96EA00FF26BB7BFAA37469.text	039D878CFF96EA00FF26BB7BFAA37469.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptothele ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge 1877	<div><p>Cryptothele ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877</p><p>(Fig. 1)</p><p>Cryptothele ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877: 563, plate LVI, fig. 4a-e (adult ♀).</p><p>Type material. Holotype subadult ♀ from SRI LANKA, leg. G.H.K. Thwaites. No additional data given, in OUMNH, no museum number, bottle number B392, examined.</p><p>Other material examined. - 1♁ (IFS_ZOD_193): SRI LANKA, Central Province, Kandy District, Dunumadalawa Forest, 701m, 07°16'38''N 80°38'69''E, 6.II.2017, leg. N. Athukorala et al. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _017): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Gannoruwa Forest</a>, 575m, 07°17'16''N 80°35'47''E, 30.VII.2016, leg. N. Athukorala et al. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _192): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Deltota</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Loolcandura Estate</a>, 1480m, 07°08'45''N 80°41'53''E, 14.XI.2012, leg. S. P. Benjamin et al. 3♁ (IFS _ ZOD _002, 003, 010): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Panvila</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Dikhinna Village</a>, 939m, 10°22'00''N 80°43'00''E, 17.XII.2012, leg. N. Athukorala et al. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _019): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Uda Peradeniya</a>, 874m, 07°14'58''N 80°36'43''E, 15.XII.2016, leg. N. Athukorala &amp; S. Ranasinghe. 2♁ 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _ 013, 189, 190): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kandy District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Udawattakele Forest</a>, 580m, 07°17'54''N 80°38'29''E, 11.Ⅴ.2015, leg. N. Athukorala et al. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _199): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Matale District</a>, Elahera/Pallegama Road, 3km to Pallegama, 267m, 07°32'16''N 80°40'20''E, 3.II.2016, leg. S. P. Benjamin &amp; N. Athukorala. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _012): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Matale District</a>, Gammaduwa, Knuckles Range, 918m, 07°34'45.6''N 80°41'55.3''E, 18.XI.2009, leg. S. P. Benjamin &amp; S. Batuwita. 1♁ 2♀ (IFS _ ZOD _021, 191, 202): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Matale District</a>, IFS Arboretum, 180m, 07°51'34''N 80°40'28''E, 24.VIII.2010, leg. S. P. Benjamin &amp; S. Batuwita. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _020): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Matale District</a>, Riverstone, Knuckles Range, 1088m, 07°31'47.82''N 80°44'23.32''E, 2.II.2010, leg. S. Batuwita &amp; P. M. H. Sandamali. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _200): Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Nuwara Eliya District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Horton plains</a>, 2148m, 06°47'55''N 80°47'39''E, 30.Ⅰ.2019, leg. S. P. Benjamin et al. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _015): Eastern Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Ampara District</a>, Ekgal Aru Sanctuary, 80m, 07°09'44''N 81°37'14''E, 10.II.2010, leg. S. P. Benjamin &amp; S. Batuwita. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _009): North Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Anuradhapura District</a>, Mihintale Sanctuary, 123m, 08°21'10.60''N 80°30'14.54''E, 6.VI.2014, leg. C. Clayton &amp; N. Athukorala. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _016): North Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Anuradhapura District</a>, Padaviya, 56m, 08°48'0''N 80°45'0''E, 10.Ⅰ.2012, leg. N. Athukorala. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _005): North Central Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Polonnaruwa District</a>, Parakrama Samudraya, 57m, 07°53'51''N 80°59'14''E, 1.XII.2009, leg. N. Athukorala. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _011): North Western Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Kurunegala District</a>, Ethagala range, 190m, 07°29'11.23''N 80°22'21.64''E, 8.IV.2015, leg. S. P. Benjamin et al. 1♀ (IFS _ ZOD _014): North Western Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Puttalam District</a>, Wilpattu NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Surroundings of Malai Villu</a>, 16m, 08°30'47''N 79°54'15''E, 5.IV.2018, leg. S. P. Benjamin et al. 1♁ (IFS _ ZOD _018): Northern Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.062225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.883056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.062225/lat 8.883056)">Mannar District</a>, Giant's Tank Sanctuary (Site 1), 27m, 08°52'59''N 80°03'44''E, 4.IV.2018, leg. S. P. Benjamin et al .</p><p>Diagnosis. - Males of C. ceylonica are closely related to the males of Cryptothele alluaudi Simon, 1893 as both share a similar tegular extension but can be separated from the latter species by the round tegulum (vs. oval in C. alluaudi) (compare Fig. 1B with Marusik &amp; Omelko 2012: figs 5–8). Females of C. ceylonica can be separated from females of C. alluaudi by the shorter septum (SE) (vs. longer in C. alluaudi) (compare Fig. 1H with Marusik &amp; Omelko 2012: figs 4). Females of C. ceylonica can be separated from females of C. collina Pocock, 1901 by the presence of lateral pockets of the epigynum (vs. anterior hood in C. collina (compare Figs 1H with Sankaran &amp; Joseph 2022: fig. 1c).</p><p>Supplementary description. - Female (IFS_Zod_007) (Figures 1G, H): Total length 6.30. Carapace 2.25 long, 1.95 wide. Opisthosoma 3.50 long, 3.35 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08; AME-AME 0.06, PME-PME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.16. Leg measurements: I 4.14 (1.38, 0.66, 0.78, 0.72, 0.60), II 3.54 (1.17, 0.51, 0.66, 0.68, 0.52), III 3.23. (1.05, 0.48, 0.60, 0.62, 0.48), IV 4.27 (1.40, 0.68, 0.81, 0.74, 0.64). Leg formula 4123. Body covered with thick layer of dirt and soil particles (Figs 1F, G). Carapace flattened, yellowish brown, rugose, constricted laterally, covered with dense layer of bent bristles and hairs. Cephalic pit behind PER. AMEs largest. Spinnerets brown, covered with tuft of coarse hairs. Legs short, strong, brownish yellow. Palpi, yellowish brown, furnished with coarse bristles and hairs. Genitalia (Figs 1A–B, C, 2A–C): epigyne sclerotized, with paired lateral plates and a narrow median septum. Vulva with long spirally coiled copulatory ducts with an anterior turning point and lateral globular spermathecae (Figs 2B, C).</p><p>Male (IFS_Zod_006) (Figs 1A–C, F, 2A). Total length 5.30. Carapace 2.54 long, 1.89 wide. Opisthosoma 2.25 long, 2.16 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME-AME 0.06, PME-PME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.16. Leg measurements: I 3.86 (1.35, 0.63, 0.70, 0.66, 0.52), II 3.56 (1.29, 0.57, 0.60, 0.62, 0.48), III 3.42 (1.26, 0.54, 0.58, 0.60, 0.44), IV 4.21 (1.44, 0.64, 0.79, 0.72, 0.62). Leg formula 4123. Palpi (Figs 1 A-C, 2A): RTA stout, distolaterally with claw-like process, bulbus round. Tegulum round with triangular terminal extension (Figs 1B, 2A). Conductor transparent, distinct in shape (Figs 1A–C, 2A). Embolus filiform, encircling tegulum, with short embolar base, originating proximolateral to tegulum (Figs 1B, 2A).</p><p>Variations. - In males, the total body length varies within a range of 5.50,Carapace 2.90 long, 1.93 wide. Opisthosoma 2.50 long, 2.20 wide (IFS_ZOD_017) to 4.30, Carapace 2.20 long, 1.60 wide. Opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.90 wide (IFS_ZOD_020). In females, it deviates from 7.5, Carapace 3.30 long, 2.92 wide. Opisthosoma 4.10 long, 3.85 wide (IFS_ZOD_011) to 4.5, Carapace 1.93 long, 1.62 wide. Opisthosoma 2.42 long, 2.20 wide (IFS_ZOD_012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D878CFF96EA00FF26BB7BFAA37469	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Benjamin, Suresh P.;Dayananda, Naruwan	Benjamin, Suresh P., Dayananda, Naruwan (2023): Redescription and new locality records of Cryptothele ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 from Sri Lanka (Araneae: Zodariidae). Zootaxa 5352 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.11
