identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039D87A4AC052014FF337CCBD97A8ADB.text	039D87A4AC052014FF337CCBD97A8ADB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela : Kratochvil 1978	<div><p>Genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978</p><p>Leptonetela: Kratochvíl 1978: 11, f. 1G. Type species Sulcia kanellisi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971) from Greece.</p><p>Leptonetela was established by KratochvÍl and Leptonetela kanellisi (Deeleman–Reinhold, 1971) from a cave in Greece was designated as its type species (KratochvÍl, 1978). The genus Leptonetela can be distinguished from other leptonetid genera by the following combination of male pedipalpal characters: femur lacking spines and tibia with a longitudinal row of spines on the retrolateral surface (Wang, Xu &amp; Li, 2017). Leptonetela includes 105 known species distributed in Europe and Asia, and most of them are found in China (93 species) (WSC, 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A4AC052014FF337CCBD97A8ADB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	He, Ailan;Liu, Jinxin;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Peng, Xianjin	He, Ailan, Liu, Jinxin, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Peng, Xianjin (2019): Description of three new species of spider genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 from caves of Hunan Province, China (Araneae, Leptonetidae). Zootaxa 4554 (2): 584-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4554.2.10
039D87A4AC052013FF337A4FDF528D73.text	039D87A4AC052013FF337A4FDF528D73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela biocellata He & Liu & Xu & Yin & Peng 2019	<div><p>Leptonetela biocellata sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 1–4, 12</p><p>http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 8B307A58-A49F-487D-8486-893086B96AF4</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (HNU) China, Hunan Province, Xinning County, Langshan National Geological Park, rock cave of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.733536&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.275717" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.733536/lat 26.275717)">Yunv</a>, 110°44.012'E, 26°16.543'N, 311m, 25 November 2014, collected from cracks between stones, Haiqiang Yin, Cheng Wang, Bing Zhou, Jiahui Gan, Yuhui Gong leg. Paratypes: 42 females, 14 males, same data as holotype .</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is a combination of the Latin prefix “bi-” (two, twice, double) and the Latin “ocellatus” (having ocular spots), referring to the two white eyes which are strongly reduced in size.</p><p>Diagnosis. This species resembles Leptonetela quinquespinata (Chen &amp; Zhu, 2008) in similar proportions of each part of the male palp; slightly wide, flattened conductor; similar shape of the atrium (Figs 1 B–D, 2C, 3A, B, 4A, C in this present paper; figs 44B–D, 45C, 46A, B, 47B, D in Wang &amp; Li 2011). The new species can be distinguished by eyes reduced to two white spots; median apophysis completely covered by the conductor, neither present in L. quinquespinata (Figs 1A, B, 2A, 4C in this present paper; figs 44A, B, 45A, 47B, D in Wang &amp; Li 2011); chelicerae with ten promarginal and seven small retromarginal teeth in new species (Fig. 4D), but nine promarginal and five small retromarginal teeth in L. quinquespinata (fig. 47C in Wang &amp; Li 2011). Males of the new species resemble L. anshun Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. grandispina Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. liping Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. maxillacostata Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. tetracantha Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. zhai Wang &amp; Li, 2011, L. yaoi Wang &amp; Li, 2011, L. thracia Gasparo, 2005, L. mita Wang &amp; Li, 2011, and L. microdonta (Xu &amp; Song, 1983) in pedipalpal tarsus with a transverse groove, slightly contracted mesially, with no distinct wrinkles (figs 4A, B, 19A, B, 31A, B, 33A, B, 49A, B in Lin &amp; Li 2010; figs 70A, B, 67A, B, 59A, B, 30A, B, 34A, B in Wang &amp; Li 2011). It can be distinguished from all the former species by the presence of two white eyespots (Figs 1A, 2A); membranous and slightly wide flattened conductor; embolus distally twisted at one third; median apophysis hidden by the conductor (Figs 1B, 4C). Females resemble L. parlonga Wang &amp; Li, 2011 by the shape of atria and spermathecae; but can be distinguished by eyes reduced to two eyespots in the new species (Figs 2A, 3C), normal six eyes in L. parlonga (fig. 37A in Wang &amp; Li 2011); anterior margin of the atrium decorated with dense short and slender hairs in L. parlonga (fig. 37C in Wang &amp; Li 2011), absent in the new species (Fig. 2C).</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 2.45 (Fig. 1A). Carapace 1.13 long, 0.94 wide. Opisthosoma 1.23 long, 0.99 wide. Prosoma yellowish, with several setae near the anterior margin of carapace and a short seta situated before ALE (anterior lateral eyes) (Fig. 3C). ALE strongly reduced in size, only two white eyespots present; PME completely absent; PLE barely visible, with slight vestiges left. Eye sizes: ALE 0.03, the vestige of PLE less than 0.01 long. Thoracic median groove short, brown, needle-shaped. Cervical grooves and radial furrows light brown, indistinct. Clypeus 0.22 high. Chelicerae light brown, with ten promarginal and seven small retromarginal teeth, both rows of teeth gradually becoming smaller and denser from the base to the distal end of fang furrow (Fig. 4D). Endites reddish brown. Labium yellowish brown and plump, fused to sternum. Sternum pale yellow, peltate. Legs yellowish. Leg measurements: I 12.33 (3.51, 0.40, 3.56, 3.07, 1.79); II 9.72 (2.99, 0.31, 2.75, 2.45, 1.22); III 8.57 (2.32, 0.35, 2.36, 2.27, 1.27); IV 10.74 (3.17, 0.25, 3.00, 2.75, 1.57). Leg formula: I–IV–II–III. Opisthosoma pale brown, ovoid, lacking distinct patterns (Fig. 1A). Male pedipalpus as illustrated in Figs 1 B–D, 3A, B, 4C. Femur without any spines. Patella distally provided with a dorsal spine. Tibia with three trichobothria dorsally, five long spines prolaterally and eight spines (five spines in a longitudinal row along the tibia and the other three in a transversal row along distal margin of the tibia) retrolaterally. Tarsus sunken and contracted at middle position, attaching to an earlobe-shaped process retrolaterally. One distal short spine, three retrolateral and three prolateral long spines present on the distal half of the tarsus (Figs 1C, D, 3A, B). Pedipalpal bulb oval in shape, smooth. Conductor membranous, slight wide, flattened. Embolus with distal one third twisted towards prolateral side and the distal end slightly broader, not sharp. Median apophysis completely covered by the conductor and its vague outline can be seen through the conductor (Figs 1B, 4C). Prolateral lobe medium sized, triangular (Fig. 3A).</p><p>Female. Similar to male in general features, somatic coloration and body size, but legs shorter. Total length 2.43 (Figs 2A, B). Carapace 0.98 long, 0.90 wide. Opisthosoma 1.42 long, 1.13 wide. Eye sizes: ALE 0.03, the vestige of PLE 0.02 long. Clypeus 0.22 high. Leg measurements: I 9.43 (2.55, 0.36, 2.83, 2.23, 1.46); II 8.19 (2.31, 0.39, 2.31, 1.92, 1.26); III 7.88 (1.89, 0.32, 1.92, 1.67, 1.08); IV 8.49 (2.51, 0.38, 2.45, 1.98, 1.17). Leg formula: I– IV–II–III. Genital area densely covered with long hairs. Atrium much wider than long. Internal genitalia consist of paired spermathecae and sperm ducts. Spermathecae highly twisted, distal end more strongly sclerotized than proximally, and the distal ends separated slightly far from each other (Figs 2B, C, 4A, B).</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 12).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A4AC052013FF337A4FDF528D73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	He, Ailan;Liu, Jinxin;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Peng, Xianjin	He, Ailan, Liu, Jinxin, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Peng, Xianjin (2019): Description of three new species of spider genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 from caves of Hunan Province, China (Araneae, Leptonetidae). Zootaxa 4554 (2): 584-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4554.2.10
039D87A4AC02201EFF337A19DF528ACF.text	039D87A4AC02201EFF337A19DF528ACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela latapicalis He & Liu & Xu & Yin & Peng 2019	<div><p>Leptonetela latapicalis sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 5–8, 12</p><p>http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 9D53BD4D-BCDF-4DA2-9369-6AADA3C89151</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (HNU) China, Hunan Province, Shaoyang County, Hebo Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.7573" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.291/lat 26.7573)">Chengbei Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.7573" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.291/lat 26.7573)">Jigong Cave</a>, 111°17.460'E, 26°45.438'N, 576 m, 23 November, 2011, Xiang Xu, Jinlong Wan, Yi Zhao, Shihong Peng leg. Paratypes: 14 females, 15 males, same data as holotype .</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is an adjective in apposition and derived from the Latin words “lata” (broad) and “apicalis” (apical), in reference to the presence of broad and peak-shaped median apophysis.</p><p>Diagnosis. Males resemble those of Leptonetela hexacantha Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. jinsha Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. reticulopecta Lin &amp; Li, 2010, L. kanellisi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971), and L. tianxingensis Wang &amp; Li, 2011 by having depressed and strongly contracted structure in the middle of the pedipalpal tarsus (Figs 5C, D, 7A, B in the present paper; figs 24A, B, 26A, B, 45A, B in Lin &amp; Li 2010; figs 18A, B, 63A, B in Wang &amp; Li 2011); short distance between apical tarsus and pedipalpal bulb (Figs 5C, D, 7A, B in the present paper; figs 24A, B, 26A, B, 45A, B in Lin &amp; Li 2010; figs 18A, B, 63A, B in Wang &amp; Li 2011), the new species is distinguished from these species by presence of three prolateral, nine retrolateral tibial spines on male pedipalpus; broad and peak-shaped median apophysis; short, wide, translucent conductor on male bulb (Figs 5C, D, 7A, B). The new species resembles L. quinquespinata (Chen &amp; Zhu, 2008) in being eyeless, having membranous embolus, slightly twisted prolaterally (Figs 5A, B, 8B in this present paper; figs 44A, B, 47D in Wang &amp; Li 2011); it can be distinguished by nine strong spines located in retrolateral side of pedipalpal tibia (Figs 5D, 7A in this present paper; figs 44B, 46C in Wang &amp; Li 2011); nine small retromarginal teeth on the chelicerae in the new species (Fig. 8D in this present paper; fig. 47C in Wang &amp; Li 2011), while six strong spines retrolaterally-directed on the pedipalpal tibia; five small retromarginal teeth on the chelicerae in L. quinquespinata (Figs 5D, 7A in this present paper; figs 44D, 46B in Wang &amp; Li 2011). Females resemble those of L. quinquespinata in being eyeless; having highly twisted sperm, but can be distinguished by the distal ends of sperm ducts closer placed to each other in the new species (Figs 6C, 8B), slightly further away from each other in L. quinquespinata (figs 45C, 47B in Wang &amp; Li 2011).</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 2.69 (Fig. 5A). Carapace 1.26 long, 1.12 wide. Opisthosoma 1.37 long, 1.03 wide. Prosoma reddish brown, with several setae near the anterior margin of carapace. Ocular area with a pair of setae, eyes absolutely absent. Median groove short, cervical grooves and radial furrows light brown. Clypeus 0.24 high. Chelicerae brown, with nine promarginal and eight small retromarginal teeth, promarginal row of teeth gradually becoming smaller and denser from the base to distal end of fang furrow (Fig. 8D). Endites brown. Labium brown and plump, fused with sternum. Sternum and legs yellowish. Leg measurements: I 12.72 (3.53, 0.45, 3.98, 2.97, 1.79); II 10.03 (2.91, 0.41, 3.09, 2.12, 1.50); III 8.66 (2.52, 0.42, 2.41, 2.10, 1.21); IV 10.34 (3.12, 0.36, 2.98, 2.53, 1.35). Leg formula: I–IV–II–III. Opisthosoma pale brown, ovoid, lacking distinctive patterns. Male pedipalpus (Figs5 B–D, 7A, B, 8C): femur covered with long and thin hairs; tibia with three trichobothria dorsally; three slender spines prolaterally and nine strong spines retrolaterally (six spines along the tibia form a longitudinal row and the other three spines along distal margin of the tibia form a transversal row) exist on the pedipalpal tibia (Figs 7A, B). Tarsus rugose and contracted mesially, attaching to an earlobe-shaped process retrolaterally, with long spines distally (Figs 5C, D, 7A, B). Pedipalpal bulb nearly round; embolus membranous, slightly twisted towards the prolateral side; conductor translucent, broad, flat; median apophysis broad, peakshaped (Figs 5B, 8C). Prolateral lobe cuspate (Fig. 7B).</p><p>Female. Similar to male in coloration of opisthosoma and general features, but larger body size, shorter legs, and prosoma yellowish. Total length 3.06 (Figs 6A, B). Carapace 1.23 long, 1.15 wide. Opisthosoma 1.70 long, 1.24 wide. Clypeus 0.24 high. Leg measurements: I 10.94 (3.06, 0.40, 3.33, 2.42, 1.73); II 9.46 (2.62, 0.41, 2.88, 2.13, 1.42); III 7.93 (2.38, 0.33, 2.21, 1.86, 1.15); IV 10.26 (2.95, 0.36, 2.95, 2.48, 1.52). Leg formula: I–IV–II–III. Genital area densely covered with long hairs (Figs 6B, 8A). Internal genitalia with a pair of spermathecae and sperm ducts: spermathecae dark brown, sclerotized and highly twisted, with the distal ends very close to each other; sperm ducts pale brown, less sclerotized (Figs 6C, 8B). The atrium broad, nearly triangular, slightly procurved at anterior median margin (Fig. 8B).</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 12).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A4AC02201EFF337A19DF528ACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	He, Ailan;Liu, Jinxin;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Peng, Xianjin	He, Ailan, Liu, Jinxin, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Peng, Xianjin (2019): Description of three new species of spider genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 from caves of Hunan Province, China (Araneae, Leptonetidae). Zootaxa 4554 (2): 584-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4554.2.10
039D87A4AC0F2005FF337DB5DF5289B4.text	039D87A4AC0F2005FF337DB5DF5289B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptonetela tangi He & Liu & Xu & Yin & Peng 2019	<div><p>Leptonetela tangi sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 9–12</p><p>http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 59BAAE5B-7E35-44E8-9576-5F8F9CEBED3D</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (HNU) China, Hunan Province, Yuanling County, Xiazhai Village, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.591965&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.95895" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.591965/lat 28.95895)">Wuyuan cave</a>, 110°35.518’E, 28°57.537’N, 315 m, 1 November, 2006, Xiang Xu and Guo Tang leg.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after one of the collectors, Mr. Guo Tang, a deceased colleague at Hunan Normal University, China; name is in genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Leptonetela tangi sp. nov. resembles L. gigachela (Lin &amp; Li, 2010) by strong chelicerae; male pedipalp tibia subequal to tarsus in length (Figs 9C, D, 10A, B, 11B, C in the present paper; figs 1A, B, 2D, E in Lin &amp; Li, 2010); it can be distinguished by presence of median apophysis in new species, absent in L. gigachela; mid pedipalpal tarsus ventral apophysis absent in L. tangi sp. nov.; present in L. gigachela (Figs 9B, 10A, B, 11A); Leptonetela tangi sp. nov. also resembles L. chakou Wang &amp; Li, 2017, L. kangsa Wang &amp; Li, 2017, L. langdong Wang &amp; Li, 2017, L.qiangdao Wang &amp; Li, 2017, and L. shanji Wang &amp; Li, 2017 by having a strong second spine close to proximal male palp tip (Figs 9C, D, 10A, B in the present paper; figs 4C, D, 20C, D, 22C, D, 54C, D, 58C, D in Wang, Xu &amp; Li, 2017); it can be distinguished by median apophysis with thick base and sharp tip in new species (Fig. 9B in the present paper; figs 4B, 20B, 22B, 54B, 54B in Wang, Xu &amp; Li, 2017).</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 1.91 (Fig. 9A). Carapace 0.97 long, 0.88 wide. Opisthosoma 0.93 long, 0.77 wide. Prosoma yellowish brown and pear-shaped, with two setae at anterolateral area of PME and many short setae in the anterior margin of clypeus. Thoracic median groove dark-brown, needle-shaped. Cervical groove and radial furrows light brown. Clypeus 0.17 high, slightly sloped anteriorly. Six eyes, ALE and PLE connected to each other by the black bases, PME separated from ALE and PLE (Figs9A, 11D). Eye sizes: ALE 0.10, PLE 0.09, PME 0.06. ALE-ALE 0.01, ALE-PME 0.14, PLE-PLE 0.13, PLE-PME 0.05, AER 0.19, PER 0.24. Chelicerae yellowish, long and strong, fang furrow with nine promarginal (the first tooth sturdy) and six retromarginal teeth (the first tooth especially sturdy, even stronger than the first promarginal tooth) (Figs 11B, C). Endites pale yellow. Labium yellowish and plump, fused to sternum. Sternum yellowish, peltate. Legs yellowish. Leg measurements: I 7.25 (2.01, 0.35, 2.12, 1.68, 1.09); II 5.22 (1.53, 0.30, 1.28, 1.20, 0.91); III 4.41 (1.27, 0.29, 1.16, 0.93, 0.76); IV 6.25(1.82, 0.29, 1.74, 1.43, 0.97). Leg formula: I–IV–II–III. Opisthosoma deep brown, ovoid, covered with short hairs. Male pedipalpus (Figs 9 B–D, 10A, B, 11A): tibia and tarsus subequal in length; femur slightly longer than tibia and tarsus, with four short ventral spines; patella with one dorsal spine distally; tibia with seven long spines ventrally (the second one near the basal end especially strong), but without any trichobothria; tarsus with a long seta ventrally, a strong apical seta, three prolateral, and three retrolateral setae at the distal half, and attaching to an earlobe-shaped process medially (Figs 9C, D, 10A, B); bulb ovoid, with a smooth surface; embolus and conductor thin and translucent; median apophysis distinct, strongly cuticularized, with a thick base and sharp end (Figs 9B, 11A).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 12).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A4AC0F2005FF337DB5DF5289B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	He, Ailan;Liu, Jinxin;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Peng, Xianjin	He, Ailan, Liu, Jinxin, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Peng, Xianjin (2019): Description of three new species of spider genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 from caves of Hunan Province, China (Araneae, Leptonetidae). Zootaxa 4554 (2): 584-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4554.2.10
