identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039D87A30729FF9EFF11F9D53DD6FDD0.text	039D87A30729FF9EFF11F9D53DD6FDD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fuscospora (R. S. Hill & J. Read 1991) Heenan & Smissen 2013	<div><p>Fuscospora (R.S.Hill &amp; J.Read) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. et stat. nov. ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Fuscospora</p><p>Hill &amp; Read (1991: 69) (as Fuscaspora; orthography corrected by Hill &amp; Jordan 1993). = Nothofagus</p><p>section Sempervirentes Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Planae Steenis (1952b: 306), nom. illeg.</p><p>superfl. = Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Quadripartitae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus</p><p>section Calusparassus subsection Quadripartitae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 337). Type:— Nothofagus fusca</p><p>(Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>Steenis (1952b) provided the superfluous name of sect. Planae for the previously published Nothofagus section Sempervirentes (Steenis 1952a) in an erratum. Steenis (1953a) gives the type of Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Quadripartitae as N. betuloides, but clearly cites Steenis (1952a) for the basionym where N. fusca is given as the type.</p><p>= Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Tripartitae Steenis (1953a: 338). Type:— Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>= Nothofagus section Calucechinus subsection Saccofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 93).</p><p>Type:— Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora gunnii (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>= Pleiosyngyne Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 86), nom. inval.</p><p>Pleiosyngyne is invalid as it was published without a Latin description (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 39.1).</p><p>Trees up to 30 m high. Leaves distichous, revolute when evergreen or plicate when deciduous, entire or teeth with 1–2 serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with or without large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; with solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; without solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with or without conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell. Stomata randomly oriented; without thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; without giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles variable. Upper epidermal cells over veins more elongate than areolar cells, with granular cell walls. Stipules not peltate. Dichasia with 1 central dimerous flower and 2 lateral trimerous flowers, or 1 or 0 dimerous flower and 1 trimerous flower. Male floral meristem round. Staminate flowers with narrowly campanulate, often bell-shaped perianth; lobes 4, rarely 3 or 5, prominent, symmetric and regular; stamens &lt;20, centripetal development; anthers 2.5–4.5 mm long, slightly curved, distal connective protrusion weakly developed, filament connective free, without epidermal papillae. Pollen peritreme, mesocolpia straight to convex; colpi short, spatulate or parallel-sided, with U-shaped ends, margins inwardly conspicuously heavily thickened, aperture 4–11 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio ≤ 0.3. Cupule valves 2–4; outer surface of valves with simple trichomes; lamellae membranous, glabrous; fruits 0–1 dimerous, 1–2 trimerous, or 4–7.</p><p>Six species in New Zealand, southern South America, and Tasmania.</p><p>Fuscospora alessandri (Espinosa) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus alessandri Espinosa (1926: 268) . Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Tapar prope Empedrado, 27 February 1921, M. Espinosa s.n. (SGO47510, image!).</p><p>F. M. Vásquez (in sched., 20 September 1995) annotated SGO 47510 as lectotype . We are unaware of any other published lectotypification and as we concur with this assessment we formally designate this specimen as lectotype.</p><p>= Pleiosyngyne alessandri (Espinosa) Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 86), nom. inval. This name is not validly published as it lacks a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).</p><p>Fuscospora cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus cliffortioides Hooker (1844: 673) ≡ Nothofagus cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355) ≡ Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Poole (1958: 563). Type:— NEW ZEALAND. Dusky Bay, no date, ‘ Mr. Menzies’ (holotype K, image!).</p><p>This taxon was treated as N. solandri var. cliffortioides (Poole 1958; Allan 1961), having been accepted at species rank as Fagus cliffortioides (Hooker 1844, 1864, Cheeseman 1906) and Nothofagus cliffortioides (Cheeseman 1925, Cockayne 1926, Cockayne &amp; Atkinson 1926, Poole 1950). Placement at the taxonomic rank of variety has not been universally accepted in New Zealand (e.g., Molloy et al. 1999, Meurk &amp; Hall 2006, McGlone et al. 2011), and as we concur with these latter authors that this taxon is morphologically and ecologically distinct from Fuscospora solandri it is here accepted at species rank.</p><p>Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus fusca Hooker (1844: t. 630, 631) ≡ Nothofagus fusca (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW ZEALAND. Without locality, no date, W. Colenso 1767 (K, image!).</p><p>Fuscospora gunnii (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus gunnii Hooker (1851: t. 881) ≡ Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 354). Lectotype (designated here):— AUSTRALIA. Near summit of Mt. Olympus, 5 January 1847, R. C. Gunn 2034 (K, image!).</p><p>Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus solandri Hooker (1844: t. 639) ≡ Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW ZEALAND. Without locality, no date, W. Colenso 36 (K, image!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A30729FF9EFF11F9D53DD6FDD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
039D87A3072FFF9DFF11FDD13AC7F91F.text	039D87A3072FFF9DFF11FDD13AC7F91F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fuscospora truncata (Colenso) Heenan & Smissen	<div><p>Fuscospora truncata (Colenso) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus truncata Colenso (1898: 280) ≡</p><p>Nothofagus truncata (Colenso) Cockayne (1926: 21) . Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW</p><p>ZEALAND. Ruahine Mountain-range, October 1898, H . Hill s.n. (WELT SP 035538!) .</p><p>Govaerts &amp; Frodin (1999) placed N. truncata in synonymy of Nothofagus fusca var. colensoi (Hooker 1853: 229) Cheeseman (1906: 641) . This treatment is incomprehensible and contradicts the available ecological, morphological and genetic evidence on the distinctiveness of F. fusca and F. truncata and is therefore not accepted here or elsewhere (e.g., Allan 1961, Wardle 1984, Mark &amp; Lee 1985, Haase 1990, 1992, Dawson &amp; Lucas 2011).</p><p>Fuscospora × apiculata (Colenso) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus apiculata Colenso (1885: 335– 336) ≡ Nothofagus × apiculata (Colenso) Krasser (1896: 163) . Lectotype (designated here):— NEW ZEALAND. Matamau and Dannevirke, County of Waipawa, 1883, W. Colenso s.n. (WELT SP036833a!). Hybrid parentage:— Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen × F. truncata (Colenso) Heenan &amp;</p><p>Smissen (Cockayne &amp; Allan 1934).</p><p>Fuscospora × blairii (Kirk) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus × blairii Kirk (1885: 297, t. 16) ≡ Nothofagus × blairii (Kirk) Cockayne (1911: 172) ≡ Nothofagus apiculata nothovar. blairii (Kirk) Govaerts (in Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1999: 193). Lectotype (designated here):— NEW ZEALAND. Valley of the Dart, January 1877, T. Kirk s.n. (WELT SPO36861!). Hybrid parentage:— Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen × F. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Heenan</p><p>&amp; Smissen (Cockayne &amp; Allan 1934).</p><p>Fuscospora × dubia (Kirk) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus fusca var. dubia Kirk (1889: 182, t. 91 figs. 1–3) ≡ Fagus × apiculata var. dubia (Kirk) Cheeseman (1906: 642) ≡ Nothofagus × apiculata var. dubia (Kirk) Cheeseman (1925: 375) ≡ Nothofagus apiculata nothovar. dubia (Kirk) Govaerts (in Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1999: 193), nom. superfl. Lectotype (designated here):— NEW ZEALAND. Hutt Valley, no date, T. Kirk s.n. (WELT SP036893!).</p><p>= Fagus fusca var. obsoleta Kirk (1889: 182, t. 91 fig. 4). Lectotype (designated here):— NEW ZEALAND. Illustration (t. 91 fig. 4!) in Kirk (1889).</p><p>Hybrid parentage:— Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen × F. fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen. This interspecific hybrid often occurs when the two parent species are sympatric (Cockayne &amp; Atkinson 1926; Allan 1929). Nothofagus × solfusca was proposed by Allan (1929) for this interspecific hybrid, but this was not validly published and was preceeded by the combination Fagus fusca var. dubia (Kirk 1889: 182) .</p><p>Fuscospora × eugenananus (Gilland.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus × eugenananus Gillanders (2008: 56). Type:— AUSTRALIA. Woodbank gardens, Longley, Tasmania, May 2007, K . D. Gillanders s.n. (holotype HO 544640) .</p><p>Hybrid parentage:— Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen × F. alessandri (Espinosa) Heenan &amp;</p><p>Smissen (Gillanders 2008).</p><p>Lophozonia Turczaninow (1858: 396) ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Lophozonia (Turcz.) Krasser (1896: 162) . Type:— Lophozonia heterocarpa Turczaninow (1858: 396) [= Lophozonia obliqua (Mirb.) Heenan &amp; Smissen subsp. obliqua].</p><p>= Nothofagus subgenus Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Menziesiae Philipson &amp; Philipson (1988: 34). = Nothofagus subgenus Menziesospora Hill &amp; Read (1991: 69). Type:— Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Lophozonia menziesii (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>= Nothofagus subgenus Nothofagus section Adenofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 94, 114), nom. nud.</p><p>Trees up to 40 m high. Leaves distichous, planar when evergreen or plicate when deciduous, teeth with 1–2 or 2-or-more serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; without solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell and broad base. Stomata randomly oriented; without thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; usually without or one species with giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles variable. Upper epidermal cells over veins more elongate than areolar cells or not distinguishable from areolar cells, with or without granular cell walls. Stipules not peltate. Dichasia with 1 central dimerous flower and 2 lateral trimerous flowers. Male floral meristem broadly oval, relatively flat topped. Staminate flowers with an open and broadly campanulate pseudanthium; lobes 6–14, prominent, asymmetric and irregular; stamens usually&gt;20, centrifugal development; anthers 1.5–3.0 mm long, often curved, distal connective protrusion weakly developed, filament connective free, without epidermal papillae or with isomorphic rounded papillae. Pollen peritreme or goniotreme, mesocolpia straight to convex; colpi long, tenuimarginate, with V-shaped ends, margins not thickened, aperture&gt; 15.0 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio 0.35–0.4. Cupule valves 4; outer surface of valves with densely pubescent simple trichomes; lamellae glandular; fruits 1 dimerous or 2 trimerous.</p><p>Seven species in New Zealand, southern South America, and Australia.</p><p>Lophozonia alpina (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus alpina Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1838: 69) ≡ Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Ørsted (1871: 354) . Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Illustration (tab. 198, A, 1–10) in Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1838). Vázquez &amp; Rodríguez (1999) selected as lectotype two illustrations (tab. 196 and tab. 198, A, 1–10) in Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1838). The lectotypification proposed here is a second step lectotypification (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 9.17), whereby we have designated a single figure (tab. 198, A, 1–10) as the lectotype.</p><p>Lophozonia cunninghamii (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus cunninghamii Hooker (1840: 152, t. 7) ≡ Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated here):— AUSTRALIA. Without locality, 1833, R. C. Gunn 178 ex J. B. L. (K000741836, image!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A3072FFF9DFF11FDD13AC7F91F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
039D87A3072CFF9CFF11F89B3C8AFC4B.text	039D87A3072CFF9CFF11F89B3C8AFC4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lophozonia glauca (Phil.) Heenan & Smissen, AY 2013	<div><p>Lophozonia glauca (Phil.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus glauca Philippi (1858: 43) ≡ Nothofagus</p><p>glauca (Phil.) Krasser (1896: 163) . Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Without locality, January</p><p>1856, P.Germain s.n. (SGO63396, image!).</p><p>F. M. Vásquez (in sched., 20 September 1995) annotated SGO 63396 as lectotype . We are unaware of any other published lectotypification and as we concur with this assessment we formally designate this specimen as lectotype.</p><p>Lophozonia macrocarpa (A.DC.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus obliqua var. macrocarpa Candolle (1864: 120) ≡ Nothofagus macrocarpa (A.DC.) Vazquez &amp; Rodríguez (1999: 81) . Lectotype (designated by Vásquez &amp; Rodíguez 1999):— CHILE. Aculeo, 1861, F. Philippi s.n. (G-DC, image!).</p><p>Lophozonia menziesii (Hook.f.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus menziesii Hooker (1844: t. 652) ≡ Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW ZEALAND. Dusky Bay, 1781, A. Menzies s.n. (K, image!).</p><p>Lophozonia moorei (F.Muell.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus moorei Mueller (1866: 109–110) ≡ Nothofagus moorei (F.Muell.) Krasser (1896: 161) . Lectotype (designated here):— AUSTRALIA. Bellinger River, no date, C. Moore s.n. (K000741834, image!).</p><p>Lophozonia obliqua (Mirb.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus obliqua Mirbel (1827: 465 . t. 23) ≡ Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Ørsted (1871: 354) . Lectotype (designated by Vásquez &amp; Rodíguez 1999):— CHILE. Without locality, no date, J. Dombey s.n. (P, image!).</p><p>Autonym:— Lophozonia obliqua (Mirb.) Heenan &amp; Smissen subsp. obliqua .</p><p>= Lophozonia heterocarpa Turczaninow (1858: 396) . Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE, Valdivia, 1844, T. C. Bridges s.n. (LE, image!).</p><p>Vazquez &amp; Rodriguez (1999) treated Lophozonia heterocarpa Turcz. as a synonym of N. obliqua subsp. obliqua, although they did not see the type specimen. Having seen a digital image of the type specimen at LE we concur with this taxonomic assessment.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A3072CFF9CFF11F89B3C8AFC4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
039D87A3072DFF9CFF11FC673C99F9DE.text	039D87A3072DFF9CFF11FC673C99F9DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lophozonia obliqua subsp. andina (F. M. Vazquez & R. A. Rodr.) Heenan & Smissen 2013	<div><p>Lophozonia obliqua subsp. andina (F.M.Vazquez &amp; R.A.Rodr.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov.</p><p>≡ Nothofagus obliqua subsp. andina Vázquez &amp; Rodríguez (1999: 80) . Type:— CHILE. Arauco, Puente Quelén-Quelén, 6 January 1977, C. Marticorena, M. Quezada &amp; R. Rodriquez s.n. (holotype CONC 45625, image!) .</p><p>Lophozonia obliqua subsp. valdiviana (Phil.) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus valdiviana Philippi (1864: 236) ≡ Nothofagus obliqua subsp. valdiviana (Phil.) Vazquez &amp; Rodríguez (1999: 79) . Lectotype (designated by Vásquez &amp; Rodíguez 1999):— CHILE. Valdivia, 1864, F.Philippi s.n. (SGO 47528, image!).</p><p>Lophozonia × dodecaphleps (Mike L.Grant &amp; E.J.Clement) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus × dodecaphleps Grant &amp; Clement (2004: 448). Type:— ENGLAND. Surrey, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, 11 October 1999, Jinks s.n. (holotype WSY). Hybrid parentage:— Lophozonia obliqua (Mirb.) Heenan &amp; Smissen × L. alpina (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Heenan</p><p>&amp; Smissen (Grant &amp; Clement 2004: 448).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A3072DFF9CFF11FC673C99F9DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
039D87A3072DFF82FF11F9F13AF8FD7E.text	039D87A3072DFF82FF11F9F13AF8FD7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nothofagus Blume. When 1851	<div><p>Nothofagus Blume (1851: 307), nom. cons. (see Steenis 1953b: 329, Lanjouw et al. 1961: 251) ≡ Fagus</p><p>section Nothofagus (Blume) Candolle (1864: 121) . = Nothofagus section Calucechinus subsection</p><p>Antarcticae Steenis (1953a: 334), nom. inval. = Nothofagus subgenus Molischia Krasser (1896: 162),</p><p>nom. inval. Conserved type (designated by Lanjouw et al. 1961: 251):— Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.)</p><p>Oerst.</p><p>In proposing the conservation of Nothofagus, Steenis (1953b) did not nominate a type, but the proposal was nonetheless recommended by the Committee for Spermatophyta with the provision that this deficiency was remedied (Rickett 1958). When the conservation of the name was published, N. antarctica was given as the type (Lanjouw et al. 1961, Appendix 3). This was an unfortunate choice as Blume (1851) did not include N. antarctica among the species he placed in Nothofagus . Nothofagus subgenus Molischia and Nothofagus</p><p>section Calucechinus subsection Antarcticae each include the type of Nothofagus ( N. antarctica) and are</p><p>therefore invalid (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 22.2).</p><p>= Fagaster Spach (1841: 142), nom. rejic. (see Steenis 1953b: 329, Lanjouw et al. 1961: 251). Type:— Fagus dombeyi Mirb. [≡ Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst.].</p><p>= Calucechinus Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot (in Dumont d'Urville 1843: t. 6), nom. rejic. (see Steenis 1953b: 329, Lanjouw et al. 1961: 251) ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Molischia section Calucechinus (Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot) Krasser (1896: 162), nom. inval. Type:— Calucechinus antarctica (G.Forst.) Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot [≡ Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.) Oerst.].</p><p>= Calusparassus Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot (in Dumont d’Urville 1843: t. 6), nom. rejic. (see Steenis 1953b: 329, Lanjouw et al. 1961: 251) ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Molischia section Calusparassus (Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot) Krasser (1896: 163) . Type:— Calusparassus forsteri Hombr. &amp; Jacquinot [= Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst.].</p><p>= Fagus section Eufagus Candolle (1864: 118) pro parte, nom. inval.</p><p>Candolle divided Fagus into a section for evergreen species (section Nothofagus, see above) and a section</p><p>for deciduous species (section Eufagus). Fagus section Eufagus is treated here as invalid (McNeil et al. 2012,</p><p>ICN Art. 21.3).</p><p>= Nothofagus section Deciduae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Plicatae Steenis (1952b: 306), nom. illeg. superfl. Type:— Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Blume.</p><p>= Nothofagus section Calucechinus subsection Pumiliae Steenis (1953a: 336) ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Nothofagus section Pumiliae (Steenis) Hill &amp; Read (1991: 69) . Type:— Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Krasser.</p><p>= Nothofagus subgenus Pumiliae (Steenis) Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 93), nom. inval.</p><p>This name does not include a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art.</p><p>41.5).</p><p>Autonyms: — Nothofagus Blume subgenus Nothofagus, in Philipson &amp; Philipson (1988: 33); Nothofagus Blume subgenus Nothofagus section Nothofagus, in Philipson &amp; Philipson (1988: 33).</p><p>Trees up to 45 m high. Leaves distichous, planar when evergreen or plicate when deciduous, teeth with 1–2 or 2-or-more serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; without solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; without solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with or without conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell. Stomata parallel to long axis of leaf; with thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; without giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles variable or more-or-less even. Upper epidermal cells over veins more elongate than areolar cells or not distinguishable from areolar cells, with or without granular cell walls. Stipules peltate. Dichasia with 1 central dimerous flower and 2 lateral trimerous flowers, or 1 trimerous flower. Male floral meristem round. Staminate flowers with narrowly campanulate, often bell-shaped perianth; lobes 4, rarely 3 or 5, prominent, symmetric and regular; stamens &lt;20, centripetal development; anthers 2.5–4.0 mm long, slightly curved, distal connective protrusion weakly developed, filament connective free, without epidermal papillae. Pollen peritreme, mesocolpia straight to convex; colpi short, spatulate or parallel-sided, with U-shaped ends, margins conspicuously thickened, annulate, aperture 4–11 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio ≤ 0.3. Cupule valves (2–)4(–8), or 2 asymmetrical; outer surface of valves with simple trichomes; lamellae membranous, usually glabrous, or sometimes glandular; fruits 1 dimerous or 1–2 trimerous .</p><p>Five species in southern South America.</p><p>Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.) Ørsted (1871: 354) ≡ Fagus antarctica Forster (1789: 42, as 24). Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Terra del Fuego, Christmas Harbour, 1774, W. Anderson (BM000949987, image!).</p><p>The description provided by Forster (1789) includes male and female flowers, and we have designated a specimen with male flowers as the lectotype.</p><p>Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Ørsted (1871: 354) ≡ Fagus betuloides Mirbel (1827: 469, t. 25). Lectoype (designated here):— CHILE. Magellan, October 1767, P. Commerson s.n. (P744727, image!).</p><p>Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Ørsted (1871: 354) ≡ Fagus dombeyi Mirbel (1827: 467, t. 24). Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Without locality, no date, J. Dombey 931 (P744730, image!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A3072DFF82FF11F9F13AF8FD7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
039D87A30733FF87FF11FD383F33F9DE.text	039D87A30733FF87FF11FD383F33F9DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nothofagus nitida (Philippi 1858) Krasser, AY 1896	<div><p>Nothofagus nitida (Phil.) Krasser (1896: 163) ≡ Fagus nitida Philippi (1858: 44) . Lectotype (designated</p><p>here):— CHILE. Huaitecas y Chonos, January 1857, F. Fonck 159 (SGO 63009, image!) .</p><p>C. Muñoz (in sched., February 1960) annotated SGO 63009 as type specimen. We are unaware of any other published lectotypification and as we concur with this assessment we formally designate this specimen as lectotype .</p><p>Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Krasser (1896: 161) ≡ Fagus pumilio Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1838: 68, t. 195). Type:— CHILE. (none cited).</p><p>A lectotypification is not undertaken as we have been unable to locate original material.</p><p>Trisyngyne Baillon (1874: 136) . Lectotype (designated by Baumann-Bodenheim 1953):— Trisyngyne codonandra Baill.</p><p>= Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . = Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae series Triflorae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae series Triflorae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . = Nothofagus subgenus Brassospora Philipson &amp; Philipson (1988: 34). Type:— Nothofagus brassii Steenis [≡ Trisyngyne brassii (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>= Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae series Uniflorae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae series Uniflorae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . Type:— N. pullei Steenis [≡ Trisyngyne pullei (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen].</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 111 – 112), nom. inval.</p><p>This name is invalid as Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) included six species in this subgenus but he did not</p><p>indicate a type (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.1).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112), nom. inval.</p><p>Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. pullei, itself not a validly published</p><p>name because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus subsection Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112), nom. inval.</p><p>Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. pullei, itself not validly published at the</p><p>time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus subsection carri Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112), nom. inval.</p><p>Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. carri, itself not validly published at the time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Trysyngynopsis Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 113), nom. inval.</p><p>Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. brassi, itself not validly published at the time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Trisyngyne section Trisyngyne series Balansae Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 110 –</p><p>111), nom. inval.</p><p>This name is invalid as Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) included three species in this taxon but did not indicate a type (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.1).</p><p>= Trisyngyne subgenus Trisyngyne section Trisyngyne series Baumanniae Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 110) .</p><p>Type:— Trisyngyne baumanniae Baum. -Bod.</p><p>Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) did not explicitly indicate a type for this taxon but included only T. baumanniae which is acceptable as an indication of the type (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.3).</p><p>Trees up to 40 m high, or sometime shrubs. Leaves distichous or spiralled, conduplicate, evergreen, entire or teeth with 1–2 serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; without solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; without solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with or without conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell. Stomata randomly oriented; without thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; with giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles more-or-less even. Upper epidermal cells over veins thinner than areolar cells or not distinguishable from areolar cells, without granular cell walls. Stipules peltate. Dichasia 1- or 3-dimerous. Male floral meristem round. Staminate flowers with a tubular strongly connate perianth; lobes 4, rarely 2, 3 or 5, reduced, symmetric and regular; stamens &lt;20, centripetal development; anthers 2.0–8.0 mm long, straight with only the apex slightly curved, distal connective protrusion pronounced and strongly developed, filament connective connate, with epidermal cells consisting of longitudinal ridges of striated papillae, often with papillose ornamentation on the distal connective protrusion and weakly ornamented cells on the lateral, dorsal and ventral sides. Pollen goniotreme, mesocolpia straight to concave; colpi parallel-sided with U-shaped ends, margins inwardly thickened and/or inflexed; aperture 4–11 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio&gt; 0.3. Cupule valves 2 or absent; outer surface of valves glabrous; lamellae membranous or woody, glabrous, entire; fruits 1 or 3 dimerous.</p><p>Twenty-five species from Papua New Guinea, Indonesian Papua and New Caledonia.</p><p>Notes:— Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) proposed the transfer of a number of names in Nothofagus to Trisyngyne . However, he did not provide a full and direct reference to the basionym and place of publication and therefore his combinations are not validly published (McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5). It is therefore necessary to make new combinations in Trisyngyne for names published in Nothofagus, and this action is taken below.</p><p>Trisyngyne aequilateralis Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 421) ≡ Nothofagus aequilateralis (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, zwischen Vallée Riv. Blanche und Riv. Bleu, 16 August 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 15273 (holotype Z, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne balansae Baillon (1874: 137) ≡ Nothofagus balansae (Baill.) Steenis (1954: 266) . Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Forêts au dessus de Téné près Bourail, 19 March 1869, B. Balansa 1377 (holotype P, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne baumanniae Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 420) ≡ Nothofagus baumanniae (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, Mt. Mou Gipfel am Übergang zum Nebelwald, 13 March 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 11277 (holotype Z, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne bernhardii (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus bernhardii Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River, February 1939, L. J. Brass 12453 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne brassii (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus brassii Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Bele River camp, 18 km NE of Lake Habbema, November 1938, L. J. Brass &amp; C. Versteegh 11115 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne carrii (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus carrii Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Below The Gap, 8 January 1936, C. E. Carr 15028 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne codonandra Baillon (1874: 136–137) ≡ Nothofagus codonandra (Baill.) Steenis (1954: 266) . Lectotype (designated by Baumann-Bodenheim 1953):— NEW CALEDONIA. Mt. Mou, 14 April 1870, B. Balansa 2749 (P, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne cornuta (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus cornuta Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Wissel Lake region, base of Bubeiro and Enarotali, August 1939, P. J. Eyma 5122 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne crenata (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus crenata Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Bele River camp, 18 km NE of Lake Habbema, November 1938, L. J. Brass 11335 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne decipiens (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus decipiens Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg, February 1939, L. J. Brass 12675 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne discoidea Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 420) ≡ Nothofagus discoidea (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, Mois de Mai, Vallée de la River Blance, 4 August 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 15000 (holotype Z, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne dura (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus dura Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 9 km NE of Lake Habbema, October 1938, L. J. Brass &amp; C. Versteegh 10443 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne eymae (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus eymae Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Wissel Lake, 29 March 1939, P.J. Eyma 4800 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne flaviramea (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus flaviramea Steenis (1955: 281) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Finschaffen [Finschhafen], Ngadua–Yunzain, 25 April 1953, J. S. Womersley NGF 5139 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne grandis (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus grandis Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Aiyura, near Kuminankira, October 1944, L. S. Smith NGF 1098 (holotype A, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne nuda (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus nuda Steenis (1972: 285) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Upper Wenna Creek branch of the Tauri River near Paina Village, Gulf District, 15 March 1966, R. Pullen 6582 (holotype CANB 162512, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne perryi (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus perryi Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . East Mt. Taffa, near Nemodi, July 1935, L. J. Brass 5057a (holotype A, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne pseudoresinosa (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus pseudoresinosa Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Sattelberg, Mt. Sarawaket, 24 March 1937, M. S. Clemens 5849 (holotype A, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne pullei (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus pullei Steenis (1952a: 146–147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Mt. Hellwig, 4 January 1913, A. A. Pulle 909 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne recurva (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus recurva Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Mt. Arfak, Angi Gita Lake, 9–22 October 1948, A. J. G. H. Kostermans 2384 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne resinosa (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus resinosa Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 9 km NE of Lake Habbema, 22 October 1938, L. J. Brass 10479 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne rubra (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus rubra Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River, 03 February 1939, L. J. Brass &amp; C. Versteegh 11997 (holotype A, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne starkenborghii (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus starkenborghii Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Camp at Bele River, 18 km NE of Lake Habbema, November 1938, L. J. Brass 11369 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne stylosa (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus stylosa Steenis (1986: 732) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Mt. Trikora, September 1982, J. M. Mangen 229 (holotype L, image!).</p><p>Trisyngyne womersleyi (Steenis) Heenan &amp; Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus womersleyi Steenis (1972: 294) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Watjetoni Mt., Kebar valley, BW (C. Versteegh) 10320 (holotype L, image!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87A30733FF87FF11FD383F33F9DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Heenan, Peter B.;Smissen, Rob D.	Heenan, Peter B., Smissen, Rob D. (2013): Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146 (1): 1-31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1
