identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039D1062FFBBFFD1FE41FCF088D9FCFE.text	039D1062FFBBFFD1FE41FCF088D9FCFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sanchez-Garcia 2023	<div><p>Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A9E9733B-649D-43BE-92CF-F481F010DA8A</p><p>Figs 1‒7</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet “wynbergensis” refers to the cave inhabited by the species.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype SOUTH AFRICA • ♀; Cape Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.402956&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.986244" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.402956/lat -33.986244)">Wynberg Cave</a>; 33°59′10.48″ S, 18°24′10.64″ E; 12 Oct. 2019; Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira leg.; labelled “♀1-holotype SAM-MNW-CO15126 ”; ISAM.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; labelled “♀2-paratype-MZB (MCNB) 2023-0618”; MZB .</p><p>Other studied material</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; AS.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Elongate (Fig. 1A), length 15 mm in ♀ 1- holotype, 8.8 mm in ♀ 2- paratype. Maximum width at urotergite VII 1.7 mm in ♀ 1- holotype, 1.1 mm in ♀ 2- paratype. Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope and with numerous micropores at higher magnifications (sternites with 4‒5 micropores/μm 2, diameter 0.2‒0.3 μm; urite X with 3‒4 micropores/μm 2, diameter 0.10‒0.15 μm) (Fig. 5D). Body with s, sM, and M setae, and with few or no ms. Cuticle unpigmented, with sclerotized areas on mandible tips, femoral and tibial condyles, abdominal segments VIII‒X and cerci.</p><p>HEAD. Antenna length 3.5 mm, 0.4× as long as body, with 31 antennomeres; antennomeres telescopate in holotype, basal antennomere short, followed by slightly longer antennomeres II and III, 1.3× as long as wide; medial antennomeres as long as wide. All antennomeres with sM, a few ms, and abundant s setae; sM apparently distributed in two whorls. Trichobothria present on antennomeres IV‒VI in a 2/3/3 pattern, with a trichobothria in distal position. Apical antennomere with 10 placoid sensilla distributed in two irregular whorls (Fig. 2). Dorsal and ventral side of head with a few sM and several M setae; on dorsal side: A1‒4, S1, 4, 6, M2‒3, 5, I1‒2, I5, L1‒3 and P2 macrosetae (Fig. 1B); on ventral side: submentum with large 1+1 M in posterior position, admentum with 9+9 M, mentum at base of labial palps with 1+1 M; external lobes of mentum with abundant sM; the pair of exertil vesicles of the external lobes visible in the holotype. Labial palp elongate, 9× as long as wide, with one proximal sM and five medial and distal sM. Lacinia falciform, well sclerotized, all five laminae pectinate (Fig. 3A).</p><p>THORAX. Thoracic segments elongate. Pronotum with 5+5 M1‒5 (Fig. 1B); prescutum of mesonotum with 1+1 M; mesonotum with 5+5 M1‒5 and a few sM (Fig. 1C); prescutum of metanotum with 1+1 M, metanotum with 5+5 M1‒5 and a few sM (Fig. 1E). Thoracic sternites, intersternites, and presternites well-defined, with a few s and M setae. Pro-presternites and pro-, meso- and metasternites with strong internal Y-shaped cuticular structures (furcisternites) (Barlet &amp; Carpentier 1962); only in pro-presternites the prolongation of the posterior branch (spine) is visible on the surface (Denis 1949). Pro-presternum with 1+1 lateral anterior M; prosternum with 1+1 medial anterior M, 3+3 lateral anterior M, 1+1 medial posterior M, and 2+2 lateral posterior M; meso-poststernum with 3+3 M; meso-intersternum with 3+3 M; mesosternum with 1+1 medial anterior M, 2+2 lateral anterior M, 1+1 medial intermediate M, 1 sagittal M, 1+1 medial posterior M and 2+2 lateral posterior M; meta-poststernum with 4+4 M; meta-intersternum with 3+3 M; and metasternum with 1+1 medial anterior M, 3+3 lateral anterior M, 1+1 medial intermediate M, 1+1 sagittal M, 1+1 medial posterior and 2+2 lateral posterior M (Fig. 3D). Legs elongate, hind leg 3.6 mm long, reaching sixth abdominal segment in holotype. Femur-tibia-tarsus articulations with a row of sM setae; coxa with 1 ventral M; trochanter with 3 ventral M; femur with 8 ventral and 5 dorsal M; tibia with 4 ventral and 5 dorsal M; tarsus with 5 dorsal M and abundant sM plus two ventral rows of 4 long, thick setae. Pretarsus with two rather unequal claws and a sharp medial unguiculus; posterior claw 1.7× as long as anterior claw (Fig. 3E‒F).</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal tergites with large M, and a few sM and ms. Prescutum of urotergite I with 1+1 M, scutum with 1+1 M (ma), 1+1 M1 and 1+1 M5 (Fig. 1E); urotergites II‒VII with 1+1 M (ma) and 5+5 M1‒5 (Fig. 4A); urotergite VIII with 7+7 M (Fig. 4B); urite IX with 5+ 5 M. Urite X 1.6× as long as wide, with distinctly marked carinae; carinae with subparallel margins slightly converging towards anterior border; dorsal side with 2+2 M intracarinal D1, 3 (plus one sagittal M between D1), acropygium rounded (Fig. 6A); lateral side with 3+3 M (L1, 3, 5); ventral side with four rows of 3+3 M, 3+3 M, 2+2 M and 2+2 M (Fig. 6C). Urotergites I‒VI with blunt, slightly rounded posterolateral angles; angles in tergites VII and VIII with sclerotized tip; rounded and sclerotized in tergite IX (Fig. 4). Urosternites with s and strong M. Surface of urosternite I multiperforated and with rounded protrusions (Fig. 5D); prescutum with 3+3 M; scutum with 12+ 12 M. Median glandular organ without setae or disculis. Lateral subcoxal organ with one row of glandular setae (GS) (19 GS in holotype; 18 GS in ♀ 3- paratype and 6 GS in ♀ 2- paratype) and one row of sensory setae (SS) (about 40 SS in holotype and ♀ 3- paratype); lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.2‒0.3 of interstylar area; GS/st1 (stylus of first sternite) = 0.3, SS/st1= 0.15 (Fig. 5A–B, E). Urosternites II‒VII with 7+7 A M, 4+4 B M, and 5+5 C M; urosternite VIII with 3+3 A M, 2+2 B M, and 3+3 C M (Fig. 5F). Cerci asymmetric, strong, well-developed, elongate, straight in the proximal half and curved in the distal half, ending in a hook (Fig. 6B, D); length ranging from 1.32 mm in holotype to 0.6 mm in ♀ 2- paratype, always slightly shorter than urite X; heavily sclerotized, with dorsal and ventral outer carinae arising from dorsal and ventral acetabular articulations; carinae extending almost to apex ventrally and halfway dorsally. Cerci dorsally concave and with the distal end slightly upward. Right cercus with postmedial tooth pointed; predental margin with a row of three round denticles; postdental margin with a row of more than 20 small denticles gradually decreasing in size until disappearing near the hook. Left cercus with two rows of denticles: superior predental row with three proximal denticles followed by 4‒6 small, round denticles; inferior predental row with 12 round denticles starting with a large proximal one and ending in a very small one; the inferior row prolonged in a postdental, knife-shaped margin up to the hook, with a few tiny denticles distally. Campaniform sensilla distributed in the distal part of the cerci.</p><p>Taxonomic affinities</p><p>Austrjapyx wynbergensis sp. nov. with its premedial tooth in the right cercus and its denticles pattern, two rows in the left cercus and a single row on the right, led us to cautiously include it in the genus Austrjapyx following Pagés (1952) criteria. Nevertheless, a protruding knife-shaped distal margin on the left cercus of Austrjapyx wynbergensis separates it from the two African species of Austrjapyx: Austrjapyx leleupi Pagés, 1952 and Japyx proditus Silvestri, 1918, considered by Pagés (1952) as Austrjapyx proditus but with no formal taxonomical designation. The peculiar knife-shaped distal margin on the left cercus is not seen in the 13 species of Austrjapyx already described from South America where the genus is more diversified (Silvestri 1948a; Smith &amp; Gonzalez 1964). Autrjapyx leleupi seems the closest species to A. wynbergensis sp. nov. due to seven geographical, ecological, and morphological reasons: (1) geographical proximity, both are from Africa and A. leleupi was collected near Mbanza-Ngungu, Democratic Republic of Congo (Central Province in the west), about three thousand kilometres to the north of the type locality of A. wynbergensis; (2) both inhabit cave ecosystems; (3) they exhibit an elongated body and appendages and have more than ten large and protruding placoid sensilla; (4) they share the same pattern of thorax macrosetae (M); (5) there are similarities in the shape and distribution of macrosetae (M) in the abdomen; (6) their first urosternal organs, both medial and lateral, are similar; and (7) both have roundish lateral angle urotergites. Despite the similarities, A. wynbergensis differs from A. leleupi in at least five morphological features: (1) the knife-shaped distal on the left cercus’ margin; (2) 30 antennomeres in A. leleupi instead of 31 in A. wynbergensis; (3) scutum of urotergite I with 3+3 macrosetae (M) in A. wynbergensis, that are absent in A. leleupi; (4) no small setae or pseudospores visible in medial organ in A. wynbergensis, but a dozen in A. leleupi; and (5) 2+2 macrosetae (M) on dorsal side of utite X in A. wynbergensis, instead of 4+4 M in A. leleupi .</p><p>Habitat</p><p>The Wynberg Cave, along with other caves (such as Bats, Climbers, Giants, Hangman, Metro, and Smugglers caves), forms the largest cave system in the Cape Peninsula region (with more than 1.2 km in length), which is referred to as the Wynberg Cave System (WCS; Ferreira et al. 2020) (Fig. 7). The caves are associated with quartzite rocks, occurring at altitudes ranging from 450 m to 750 m a.s.l. The region presents a temperate climate, with hot and dry summers and cold and humid winters (Marker &amp; Swart 1995). The average temperature inside the caves is around 10°C (Sharratt 1998). Most caves within the Table Mountain National Park are located at relatively high altitudes, presenting predominantly vertical passages of different sizes. The WCS presents a remarkable cave-restricted fauna, especially if we consider the endemicity and rarity of some species. Ferreira et al. (2020) listed 19 cave-restricted species occurring in the WCS and is one step closer to becoming a subterranean biodiversity hotspot (Ferreira et al. 2020).</p><p>Sharratt (1998) mentioned the presence of a troglobitic Dermaptera DeGeer, 1773 in the WCS. It is possible that the authors misidentified the specimens of Austrjapyx wynbergensis sp. nov. given the morphological similarities with eyeless earwigs (Ferreira et al. 2020). Hence, the new species herein described may have been known for the last two decades.</p><p>The two specimens of Austrjapyx wynbergensis sp. nov. in this study were found under fallen rocky blocks in the lower level of the cave. This species is quite rare since Sharratt (1998) registered only a few specimens found in the Wynberg and Bats caves in deep cave zones (assuming that this species corresponds to the troglobitic Dermaptera mentioned by that author). Unfortunately, there are no data regarding any biological aspects for this new species despite having been registered on the WCS for a long time.</p><p>The main threat to cave species in the Table Mountain area is human visitation (Sharratt 1998; Ferreira et al. 2020). The uncontrolled recreational use of these caves crushes the fauna and alters the microhabitats.Additionally, such activities can pollute terrestrial and aquatic environments with waste (including batteries containing toxic chemicals). Furthermore, these visits can disturb the bat population and alter the cave’s temperature and moisture conditions. Ferreira et al. (2020) verified several impacts in the cave, such as graffiti on the walls and passages with intense trampling. We need to implement emergency measures to ensure the conservation of this cave from the uncontrolled human impact (Ferreira et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D1062FFBBFFD1FE41FCF088D9FCFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sendra, Alberto;Sánchez-García, Alba;Hoch, Hannelore;Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto;Selfa, Jesús;Moutaouakil, Soumia;Preez, Gerhard Du;Millar, Ian;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2023): Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura). European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2287/9877
039D1062FFB3FFD1FE4CFC988F38F90C.text	039D1062FFB3FFD1FE4CFC988F38F90C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Imazighenjapyx Sendra & Sanchez-Garcia 2023	<div><p>Genus Imazighenjapyx Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García gen. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ADDB00E9-BDE5-4007-82AB-2A2A8B3F5572</p><p>Type species</p><p>Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Body large and elongate; epicuticle reticulate; abdominal segment X with micropores at high magnification. Antennae with 41 antennomeres; medial and distal antennomeres with a few ms and abundant s setae, plus two whorls of micro-barbed sM setae; apical antennomere with abundant placoid sensilla (up to 24). Pronotum, mesonotum, and metanotum with 5+5 M1−5. Prosternum with up to 72 M; meso-poststernum with up to 19 M; meso-intersternum with up to 22 M; mesosternum with up to 84 M; meta-poststernum with up to 26 M; meta-intersternum with up to 21 M; and metasternum with up to 99 M; scutum urotergite I with 1+1 M5; urotergite II with 10 M; urotergites III‒VII with 12 M; urite X with 17 M, ventral side with 52 M setae; urosternite I with up to 120 M setae on scutum, plus 200 sM setae on posterior position. Median glandular organ with abundant pseudospores; each lateral subcoxal organ with one row of glandular setae and one row of sensory setae; urosternites II‒III with about 140 M setae; urosternites IV‒VII with about 160 M setae; urosternite VIII with about 50 M setae between two well-defined carinae; cerci asymmetric with subsymmetric teeth, rectilinear along the proximal half, and curved in the distal half. Cerci with concave top side and with distal end up; right cercus with pointed medial tooth, predental margin bearing two rows of denticles; very protruded postdental margin looking like a scraper shape with a row of denticles; left cercus predental margin with three rows, postdental margin with small round denticles ending before the hook.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The genus name is a combination of the prefix Imazighen and the suffix Japyx . Berbers call themselves Imazighen, which means ‘free men’ or ‘noble men’.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D1062FFB3FFD1FE4CFC988F38F90C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sendra, Alberto;Sánchez-García, Alba;Hoch, Hannelore;Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto;Selfa, Jesús;Moutaouakil, Soumia;Preez, Gerhard Du;Millar, Ian;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2023): Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura). European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2287/9877
039D1062FFB3FFCEFE8DF8D58F8BFE68.text	039D1062FFB3FFCEFE8DF8D58F8BFE68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sanchez-Garcia 2023	<div><p>Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 59A02F26-DCDF-49DC-AA64-B0E88526A63C</p><p>Figs 8–15</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name refers to the country of origin, Morocco.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype MAROC • ♀; Agadir-Ida Outanane region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.467122&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.612453" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.467122/lat 30.612453)">Imi Ougoug Cave</a>; 30°36′44.83″ N, 9°28′1.64″ W; 26 Feb. 2020; Rodrigo Lopes Fereira leg.; labelled “♀-holotype - MHNM -ZAD01 ”; MHNM.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Elongate (Fig. 15C‒D), length 26 mm; maximum width at urotergite VII 2.6 mm. Epicuticle reticulate under optical microscope; with micropores at higher magnifications (urite X with 4 micropores/μm 2, diameter 0.10‒0.14 μm (Fig. 11B). Cuticle unpigmented, with sclerotized areas on mandible tips, femoral and tibial condyles, ventral apodemes of abdominal segment VIII, distal part of styles, abdominal segment X, and cerci. Body and appendages covered with very abundant ms setae as well as s, sM, and M, in addition to abundant mbsM on antennae.</p><p>HEAD. Antenna length 8.6 mm, 0.33× length of body, with 41 antennomeres; basal antennomere short, followed by three slightly longer antennomeres with reinforced borders visible on ventral side; medial antennomeres as long as wide (Fig. 8A–B). Proximal antennomeres with ms, s, and a few long M; medial and distal antennomeres with a few ms and abundant s setae plus to two whorls of mbsM (Fig. 8B); apical antennomere with s and mbsM and about 24 placoid sensilla distributed in 4‒5 groups (Fig. 8C‒F). Trichobothria present on antennomeres IV‒VI in a 2/3/3 pattern, with a trichobothria (dorsal one) in proximal position. Head with a few s setae and M and abundant ms setae; on dorsal side 14+14 M: A1, 4, S4, 6, V1−2, V4, M3, M5, I2, L4−5 and P1−2 (Fig. 9A); on ventral side: submentum with large 2+2 M in anterior and posterior position plus 5+5 sM, admentum with 3+3 M, mentum at base of labial palps with 2+2 M; external lobes of mentum with abundant sM; the pair of the exertil vesicles of the external lobes visible in the holotype (Fig. 10A). Labial palp 4× as long as wide, with one proximal sM and seven medial and distal sM. Lacinia falciform, well sclerotized, with the five laminae pectinate.</p><p>THORAX. Thoracic segments elongate, with a few s and abundant ms setae. Pronotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 6+6 sM; prescutum of mesonotum with 1+1 M; mesonotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 6+6 sM; prescutum of metanotum with 1+1 M and 3+3 sM; metanotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 11+11 sM (Fig. 9B‒D). Thoracic sternites, intersternites, and presternites well-defined with ms, s, and M; sM difficult to distinguish from M so they have all been counted as M (Fig. 10B‒D). Pro-presternites and pro-, meso- and metasternites with internal Y-shaped cuticular structures (furcisternites) (Barlet &amp; Carpentier 1962); only in pro-presternites the prolongation of the posterior branch (spine) is visible on the surface (Denis 1949). Pro-presternum with 4+5 M; prosternum with 6 medial anterior M, 7+7 lateral anterior M, and 26+26 lateral posterior M; meso-poststernum with 10+9 M; meso-intersternum with 11+11 M; mesosternum with 12 medial anterior M, 11+11 lateral anterior M, and 25+25 posterior M; meta-poststernum with 14+12 M; meta-intersternum with 11+10 M; metasternum with 19 medial anterior M, 12+14 lateral anterior M, and 20+24 posterior M (Fig. 10B‒D). Legs slightly short, hind leg 4.9 mm long, reaching third abdominal segment. Femur-tibia-tarsus articulations with a row of sM; coxa and trochanter with 9 ventral M; femur with 6 ventral and 5 dorsal M; tibia with 6 ventral and 3 dorsal M; tarsus with 3 dorsal M and abundant sM plus two ventral rows of seven and six thick setae and a calcar at ventral apex thicker than other M. Pretarsus with two short, thick, unequal claws and a sharp medial unguiculus.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal tergites with scarce s and sM. Prescutum of urotergite I with 1+1, scutum with 1+1 sM (ma), 1+1 M5 and 2+1 sM; urotergite II with 1+1 sM (ma), 2+2 M1−2, and 2+2 M4−5; urotergites III‒VII with 1+1 ma and 5+5 M1‒5; tergite VIII with 5+5 M1−5; urite IX with 8+8 ventral M (Fig. 9E‒F). Urite X (Fig. 12A‒D) 1.8× as long as wide, with distinctly marked carinae; carinae with subparallel margins slightly converging towards posterior border; dorsal side with 6+6 M intracarinal (D1−6 M), 1+1 M between D2, one sagittal M between D4, 1+1 M between D6 (Fig. 12A), acropygium rounded (Fig. 12A); lateral side with 7+7−8+8 M (L), and several sM (Fig. 12C); ventral side with 52 M setae apparently arranged in 6 rows from right lateral side to left lateral side (Fig. 12D). Urosternites with scarce ms and s setae and abundant sM and short M. Prescutum of urosternite I with 12+13 M; scutum with up to 120 M plus 200 sM on posterior position (Fig. 10E). Median glandular organ with abundant pseudospores (Ps), more than 30 (Fig. 11B). Lateral subcoxal organ with one row of about 120 glandular setae (GS) and one row of 140 sensory setae (SS); lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.38× of interstylar area; GS/st1 (stylus of first sternite) = 0.3; SS/st1= 0.08 (Fig. 11A). Urosternites II‒III with about 140 M; urosternites IV‒VII with about 160 M; urosternite VIII with about 50 M between two well-defined carinae plus 5+5 M on lateral side of carinae (Fig. 10F‒I). Cerci asymmetric, strong, length 2.3 mm, straight in the proximal half and curved in the distal half, becoming a large hook towards apex; heavily sclerotized with dorsal and ventral outer carinae arising from dorsal and ventral acetabular articulations; carinae extending to apex ventrally and almost reaching the apex dorsally (Figs 13A, 14A‒B). Cerci dorsally concave and with the distal ends upward (Fig. 12C). Teeth subsymmetrical. Right cercus with medial tooth pointed; predental margin with two rows of 3+3 small round denticles; postdental margin scraper-like, very protruding, with a row of 15 denticles terminating near the hook. Predental margin of left cercus with three rows of 8+5+7 denticles (superior and intermediate rows with round denticles; inferior row with pointed denticles) terminating at medial large tooth; postdental margin with 11 small round denticles terminating before the hook. Right cercus with 18, 32, 30 M (dorsal, lateral, and ventral); left cercus with 19, 30, 30 M (dorsal, lateral, and ventral). Campaniform sensilla present on hook and inner margins of cerci (Figs 13‒14).</p><p>Taxonomic affinities</p><p>Following Paclt (1957a) Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov. resembles Indjapyx in the morphology of the cerci with two predental rows on the right and left margins, and in simple lateral subcoxal organ with pseudospores on the medial organ. The genus Indjapyx has 27 described species, all of which are from southern mainland Asia and islands (Pagés 1984, 1994, 2002). As pointed out by Silvestri (1930a) and Pagés (1984), a distinctive feature of Indjapyx is the proximal position of the a trichobothria (dorsal one), which is also present in Imazighenjapyx marocanus gen. et sp. nov. However, I. marocanus lacks the typical abundant ms setae on dorsal head and shows three characters unknown in other japygid taxa: the right cercus has a highly protruding, scraper-like postdental margin; the numerous thoracic macrosetae (prosternum with 72 M, mesosternum with 84 M and metasternum 89 M); and the singular micro-barbed sM on antennomeres.</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Imi Ougoug is a limestone cave located 43 kilometres northeast of Agadir City, at the bottom of a cliff overlooking the Talmat River. The cave is 1097 meters long. It has a low entrance leading to a narrow zig-zag passage that bifurcates after 10 meters; on the left, the largest upstream segment leads to a large chamber (32 m long and 9 m high in the middle). This part is separated into two sections that end with siphons. On the right, a sinuous path with casings and basins continues alternately and terminates 435 m from the entrance, at - 65 m, on a little siphoning lake (Fig. 15).</p><p>Forty meters from the entrance, a single specimen of Imazighenjapx marocanus gen. et sp. nov. was discovered in the right branch. The specimen was found on the cave wall in a lateral overflow of the meander between a temporary waterfall and the first lake.</p><p>The entrance’s morphology, which is completely rounded, and all other morphological elements clearly indicate a losing stream function for the downstream part (right): pebbles and a giant’s kettle indicate a free flow. Many ancient stalagmitic masses that eroded and polished with a marble appearance stand noticeably. However, it appears that in the event of a severe flood, the cavity will almost completely fill up.</p><p>After “Win-Timdouine” Cave, this is the region’s second most touristic cave. It has several names: “Ifri Ouado”, a Berber term that means “the blowing cave” due to the air current that comes out of it. The other name for the cave is “grotte des araignées,” which means “cave of spiders” referring to the large quantity of opilions that can be found there behind the entrance.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D1062FFB3FFCEFE8DF8D58F8BFE68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sendra, Alberto;Sánchez-García, Alba;Hoch, Hannelore;Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto;Selfa, Jesús;Moutaouakil, Soumia;Preez, Gerhard Du;Millar, Ian;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2023): Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura). European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2287/9877
039D1062FFACFFC6FE2CFE2F8F02FC53.text	039D1062FFACFFC6FE2CFE2F8F02FC53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Opisthjapyx naledi Sendra & Sanchez-Garcia 2023	<div><p>Opisthjapyx naledi Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 84437061-F133-4C0E-AF62-73FF29ADCAA1</p><p>Figs 16–23</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The epithet naledi refers to Homo naledi, an extinct hominid species discovered within the Dinaledi chamber located in the Rising Star Cave, a World Heritage Site in South Africa. The cave where the japygid was found is located on the same hill as Rising Star Cave and separated approximately 425 meters.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype SOUTH AFRICA • ♀; Gauteng Province, Maquassi Hills Municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.711945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.02375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.711945/lat -26.02375)">Villa Louisa Cave</a>; 26º01′25.5″ S, 27º42′43.0″ E; 9 Oct. 2019: Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira leg.; labelled “♀-holotype, SAM-ENW-C015127 ”; ISAM.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Elongate, length 27.5 mm, maximum width at urotergite VII 2.6 mm. Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope; with few micropores visible at higher magnifications (dorsal side of urite X with 1 micropore per 10 μm 2, diameter 0.6‒0.7 μm) (Fig. 21B). Cuticle unpigmented with slightly sclerotized areas on dorsal frontal head, mandible tips, femoral and tibial condyles, abdominal segments VIII−X, and cerci.</p><p>HEAD. Antenna length 9.5 mm, 0.35× length of body, with 49 antennomeres; basal antennomere short, followed by two slightly longer antennomeres; antennomeres I−IV with reinforced borders visible on ventral side (Fig. 16C); medial antennomeres 1.1× wider than long (Fig. 16B). All antennomeres with M and a few ms setae, plus three whorls of mbsM (Fig. 16A‒C). Trichobothria present on antennomeres IV‒VII in a 3/4/4/4 pattern, with a trichobothria in central position (Fig. 16C). Apical antennomere with 16‒18 placoid sensilla distributed in three irregular groups; penultimate antennomere with two placoid sensilla (Fig. 16A‒B). Dorsal and ventral side of head with abundant sM and ms uniformly distributed and apparently without M (Fig. 17A); on ventral side: submentum with 2+2 M in anterior position plus 2+2 M in posterior position, admentum with 3+3 M, mentum at base of labial palps with 1+1 M; external lobes of mentum with abundant sM and the pair of exertil vesicles visible (Fig. 18A). Labial palp short, length 0.24 mm, 3.2× as long as wide, with one proximal sM and four medial and distal sM plus several ms. Lacinia falciform, well sclerotized, all five laminae large and pectinate.</p><p>THORAX. Thoracic segments elongate, with extra M, several sM, and abundant ms uniformly distributed. Pronotum with 5+5 M1−5 plus extra 6+5 M; prescutum of mesonotum with 1+1 M; mesonotum with 5+5 M1−5 plus extra 4+4 M; prescutum of metanotum with 1+1 M, metanotum with 5+5 M1−5 plus extra 4+4. (Fig. 17B‒D). Thoracic sternites, intersternites, and presternites defined, with ms, sM and M (Fig. 18 A−D). Pro-presternites and pro-, meso- and metasternites with strong internal Y-shaped cuticular structures (furcisternites) (Barlet &amp; Carpentier 1962), only in pro-presternites the prolongation of posterior branch (spine) is visible on the surface (Denis 1949). Pro-presternum with no clearly defined limits, spine with apparently 3+3 M and some sM; prosternum with about 70 M or sM well distributed in a variety of shapes; meso-poststernum with 10+10 M-sM; meso-intersternum with 7+7 M-sM; mesosternum with about 100 M-sM; meta-poststernum with 16+16 M-sM; meta-intersternum with 10+10 M-sM; and metasternum with about 160 M-sM. Legs slightly short, hind leg 4.6 mm long, reaching third abdominal segment. Femur-tibia-tarsus articulations with a row of sM; coxa with 14 ventral M-sM; trochanter with 10 M-sM; femur with 24 ventral M-sM and 16 dorsal M-sM; tibia with 20 M-sM; tarsus with 30 M-sM plus two ventral rows of 5 and 6 thick setae. Pretarsus with two short, thick, unequal claws, and a rounded medial unguiculus.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal tergites with a few ms and sM plus several M or sM. Prescutum of urotergite I with 1+1 M, scutum with 1+1 M or sM (ma), 1+1 M1, 1+1 M5 and 2+2 medial intermediate M; urotergite II with 1+1 M(ma), 2+2 M1−2, 2+2 M4−5, 1+1 medial intermediate M and 1+1 lateral intermediate M; urotergites III−VII with 1+1 M or sM (ma), 5+5 M1‒5, 1+1 medial intermediate M and 1+1 lateral intermediate M; urotergite VIII with 2+2 M; urite IX with 12+12 ventral M (Fig. 19 A−D). Urite X 1.5× as long as wide; with distinctly marked carinae; carinae with subparallel margins; dorsal side with 6+7 intracarinal D1−6 M plus 2+2 lateral M between D2, 1+1 medial M and 1+1 lateral M between D3, 1+1 lateral M between D3−4, and 3+3 M between D6; acropygium rounded; lateral side with 5 rows of 8−10 M; ventral side with 4+4 rows from lateral to central with 7−8 M (Fig. 21A‒D). All tergites with blunt, slightly rounded posterolateral angles (Figs 19 C−D, 20C‒D). Urosternite I (Fig. 20 A−B) with scarce ms and abundant sM indistinct from M; sM more abundant at the narrow anterior portion of lateral subcoxal organ, with about 90 sM each. Median glandular organ with several tiny setae (Fig. 19E). Lateral subcoxal organ with three rows of short glandular setae (GS) (about 240 GS) and one posterior row of about 60 sensory setae (SS); lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.36× of interstylar width/area; GS/st1 and SS/st1similar= 0.14 (Fig. 20A‒B); urosternites II‒VII with scarce ms and abundant sM undifferentiated from the thick and bunt apex shape M (Fig. 20C‒D). Cerci asymmetric, strong, well-developed, length 1.4 mm, rectilinear along the proximal half and curved in the distal half, becoming a large hook towards apex; heavily sclerotized with external dorsal and ventral carinae arising from dorsal and ventral acetabular articulations; ventral carinae reaching apex and dorsal carinae before the end (Fig. 22A‒D). Right cercus with proximal tooth pointed; predental margin with two rows of 3+3 round denticles; postdental margin with a row of 16 small round denticles reaching near the hook. Left cercus toothless, proximal margin with three rows of 4+3+4 denticles: superior and inferior round rows with denticles, intermediate row with tiny round denticles; medial and distal margin with 12 small round denticles ending before the hook. Right cercus with 18, 32, 30 dorsal, lateral, and ventral M; left cercus with 19, 30, 30 dorsal, lateral, and ventral M; both with a few sM and ms, plus campaniform sensilla regularly distributed on internal margins and at the hook (Fig. 22B).</p><p>Taxonomic affinities</p><p>In 1929, Silvestri described a new genus and species, Opisthjapyx seurati Silvestri, 1929, from the central Sahara at the Oued Tezzeït in the south of Algeria. This species is well-defined by its abundant macrosetae (M) along the body, with 14+14 M on the pronotum and 15+15 M on the mesonotum and metanotum. Additionally, it exhibits urosternites with abundant macrosetae and double rows of denticles in both cerci. Opisthjapyx naledi sp. nov., found in a South African cave, exhibits several differences from O. seurati . Four of these differences can be attributed to cave life: a larger body size (27.5 mm compared to 17 mm in O. seurati), longer antennae (0.35 ratio of body length to antenna length compared to 0.23 in O. seurati), 49 antennomeres (compared to 36 in O. seurati), and a greater number of placoid sensilla on distal antennomeres. Two other distinguishing features of O. naledi include the number of thoracic macrosetae (M), with 11+10 M on the pronotum and 9+9 M on the mesonotum and metanotum (compared to 14+14 and 15+ 5 in O. seurati), as well as the presence of three rows of denticles instead of two rows as seen in O. seurati .</p><p>Habitat</p><p>The single known specimen of Opisthjapyx naledi sp. nov. was found in the Villa Louisa Cave. This cave is located in the Cradle of Humankind, UNESCO World Heritage Site (Gauteng Province, South Africa). The region is highly diverse in species, as it is associated with the Rocky Highveld Grassland. The rainy period is during the hot summer months, with an annual average of 700 mm. The caves in the area are mainly developed in dolomitic bedrock, associated to the Monte Christo Formation (Malmani Subgroup, Transvaal Supergroup) (Dirks et al. 2015). Despite extensive search efforts for invertebrates in the cave, only one single specimen was found, thus indicating the rarity of this species. The specimen was found in a deeper, moist, and aphotic area within the cave. The specimen was found under a rock, sheltering in a small chamber, likely dug by itself (Fig. 23D). After removing the rock, the japygid remained immovable and only left the soil chamber after it was disturbed with a brush tip; it started to run in search of another shelter. However, it did not react to the light, thus not presenting any phototaxy.</p><p>The Villa Louisa Cave’s external area is highly altered, especially by deforestation. Furthermore, near the cave’s entrance (approximately 70 meters), there is an asphalt factory posing a pollution threat. The caves’ entrance has small bush patches surrounded by grass (Fig. 23A). Its interior is highly impacted due to the removal of calcite deposits, and the conduits and floor were severely altered in part by walls that were built inside it (Fig. 23B) and tyres that were installed to serve as a staircase in the entrance chamber (Fig. 23C). The cave still receives local visitors and presents signs of religious use (candles and jars).</p><p>The risk of contaminants originating from the farms and factories near the cave certainly represents a major concern for this species’ conservation. Furthermore, we need further samplings in the area to determine the actual distribution of this rare species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D1062FFACFFC6FE2CFE2F8F02FC53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sendra, Alberto;Sánchez-García, Alba;Hoch, Hannelore;Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto;Selfa, Jesús;Moutaouakil, Soumia;Preez, Gerhard Du;Millar, Ian;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2023): Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura). European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2287/9877
039D1062FFA4FFFFFE16FBC48D73FA0F.text	039D1062FFA4FFFFFE16FBC48D73FA0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teljapyx aotearoa Sendra & Sanchez-Garcia 2023	<div><p>Teljapyx aotearoa Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0A203723-553E-402D-9E6C-B8B803157256</p><p>Figs 24‒31</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name aotearoa refers to the Māori name for New Zealand, often translated as “land of the long white cloud”.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype NEW ZEALAND • Ô; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=172.84625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.87665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 172.84625/lat -40.87665)">Takaka</a>, Council Cave; 40°52′35.95″ S, 172°50′46.55″ E, 4 Dec. 2020; Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira leg.; labelled “Ô1- holotype-AI.052510 ”; AI.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>NEW ZEALAND • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; labelled “ ♀ 1-paratype-MZB (MCNB) 2023-0619”; MZB • 1 Ô; same collection data as for holotype; labelled “Ô2-paratype -AI.052511”; MZB .</p><p>Other studied material</p><p>NEW ZEALAND • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; AS.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Elongate (Figs 24D, 25B), length 28 mm in male holotype (29 mm in Ô2- paratype and 27.5 mm in ♀ 1- paratype). Maximum width at urotergite VII of 3 mm in Ô2- paratype, and 2.9 mm in holotype and ♀ 1- paratype. Epicuticle smooth, with numerous micropores in tergites and urosternites, with about 12 micropores/μm 2, diameter 0.18‒0.26 μm (Fig. 28B). Cuticle unpigmented, with slightly sclerotized areas on dorsal frontal head, mandible tips, femoral and tibial condyles, abdominal segments VIII–X, and cerci. Body and appendages covered with ms, s, sM, and M.</p><p>HEAD. Antenna with 32 antennomeres, 0.50‒0.55× the length of body (14 mm long in holotype and ♀ 1- paratype; 16 mm in Ô2- paratype); first antennomere short, followed by three longer and wider antennomeres, the third and fourth being the largest and most elongated, twice as long as wide (Fig. 26C); medial antennomeres elongated, 1.3× as long as wide, with a large intersegmental ring between them (Fig. 26B).All antennomeres with sparse ms setae, plus three apparently whorls of long sM. Trichobothria present on antennomeres IV‒VI in a 2/3/3 pattern, with a trichobothria in distal position (Fig. 26C). Apical antennomere with 16‒18 placoid sensilla distributed in three irregular groups (Fig. 26A). Head with a few sM and ms; on dorsal side 18+18 M setae: A2−4, S2, 4, 6, M2−4, V2, 4, I1−3, I5, L5 and P1−2 (Fig. 24A); on ventral side: submentum with 1+1 large M in posterior position, admentum with 3+3 M, mentum with 1+1 M; external lobes of mentum with abundant sM. Pair of exertil vesicles of the external lobes visible in the holotype. Labial palp elongate, 10× as long as wide, with one proximal sM and four medial and distal sM, plus several ms. Lacinia falciform, well sclerotized, with the five laminae pectinate (Fig. 25A).</p><p>THORAX. Thoracic segments elongate (Figs 24A‒C, 27A‒C). Pronotum with 5+5 M1–5, 4+4 sM, and numerous ms uniformly distributed; prescutum of mesonotum with 1+1 M; mesonotum with 6+6 M1–6 and abundant ms or sM; prescutum of metanotum with 1+1 M, metanotum with 5+5 M1–5 and a few ms; both prescuta with 1+1 M and scattered sM and ms. Thoracic sternites, intersternites, and presternites well-defined, with ms, sM, and M setae (Fig. 27A‒C). Pro-presternites and pro-, meso- and metasternites with strong internal Y-shaped cuticular structures (furcisternites) (Barlet &amp; Carpentier 1962); only in pro-presternites the prolongation of the posterior branch (spine) is visible on the surface (Denis 1949). Pro-presternum with 1+1 lateral anterior M and 1+1 nearby sM; prosternum with 1+1 medial anterior M; 3+3 lateral anterior M, 1+1 medial intermediate M and 2+2 lateral posterior M; meso-poststernum with 4+4 M; meso-intersternum with 2+2 M; mesosternum with 1+1 medial anterior M, 3+3 lateral anterior M, 1+1 medial intermediate M, 1 sagittal M, 9+10 medial posterior M and 2+2 lateral posterior M; meta-poststernum with 4+4 M; meta-intersternum with 2+2 M; metasternum with 1+1 medial anterior M, 2+2 lateral anterior M, 1+1 sagittal M, 1+1 medial intermediate M, 10+13 medial posterior M and 2+2 lateral posterior M (Fig. 27 A−C). Legs elongate, hind leg reaching sixth abdominal segment, 6.8 mm long in holotype, 7.6 mm in ♀ 1- paratype and 8 mm in Ô2- paratype. No frictional setae between trochanter-coxa-femur articulations; femur-tibia-tarsus articulations with a row of long M or sM setae set on large sockets. Coxa with 4 distinct M; femur with 9‒10 M; tibia with more than 30 M, and tarsus with almost 30 M. Calcars not distinguishable from M in shape. Pretarsus with two simple and unequal claws (the shortest ⅔ the longest), and a pointed and short medial unguiculus.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal tergites with a few ms, s, sM and M. Prescutum of urotergite I with 1+1 M, scutum with 1+1 M or sM (ma) and 1+1 M5 (Fig. 24E); urotergite II with 1+1 M (ma), 1+1 M1, and 2+2 M4−5; urotergites III‒VII with 1+1 M (ma) and 5+5 M1‒5 (Fig. 24F); urotergite VIII with 7+7 M; urite IX with 3+3 ventral M. Urite X 1.5× as long as wide, with marked carinae with subparallel margins slightly converging towards the posterior border; on dorsal side with 2+2 M intracarinal D1, 3, plus 1+1 M or 1 M between D1 (1 M in holotype); acropygium rounded (Fig. 29A); on lateral side with 3+3 M (L1, 3, 5) on carinae; on ventral side with four rows of 3+3 M, 3+3 M, 2+2 M and 2+2 M from anterior to posterior position. Lateral urotergites I‒IV with blunt, slightly rounded to pointed posterolateral angles; angles on urotergites V and VII slightly more conspicuous with small point; on urotergite VIII and urite IX with round end (Fig. 24E‒F). Urosternite I (Figs 25C, 28A) with ms and s setae; s setae being so abundant as to define a lateral field of up to 150 on each side of the posterior half of scutum, previous to the lateral subcoxal organs; prescutum with 3+3 M and scutum with 11+ 11 M. Medial glandular organ with 2+2 minute setae or no visible setae. Lateral subcoxal organ with one to three rows of glandular setae (GS) with about 140‒180 in males and 60‒70 in females and one row of sensory setae (SS) with about 60‒90 in males and 30 in females; lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.30× of interstylar area (in males and females); GS/st1 (stylus of first sternite) = 0.2‒0.3 (males) and 0.35‒0.45 (females), SS/st1= 0.12 (males) and 0.2 (females) (Fig. 28A). Urosternites II‒VII with a few ms and strong M setae; urosternites II‒VII with three rows of: 7+7 A M, 4+4 B M and 5+5 C M; urosternite VIII with: 2+2 A M, 2+2 B M and 3+3 C M (Fig. 25D). Genital papilla in male with large lateral appendages (Fig. 25F). Cerci strong, well-developed, elongate, straight along the proximal half and curved in the distal half, becoming a small hook towards apex (Figs 29–31); length ranging from 3 mm in largest specimen (Ô2- paratype) to 2.9 mm in holotype and ♀ - paratype, always slightly longer than urite X; cerci heavily sclerotized, with dorsal and ventral outer carinae arising from dorsal and ventral acetabular joints; carinae extending almost to apex ventrally and halfway dorsally. Cerci asymmetric with a distinct concave top side with distal end slightly upward. Right cercus with round or pointed medial tooth; predental margin with two rows of 3+3 small, round denticles; postdental margin with a row of 14‒16 small denticles reaching near the hook. Predental margin of left cercus with two rows of denticles apart mostly on the middle; superior row with 14 small round denticles ending before the postmedial denticle smaller than the right cercus; inferior row with 12 small round denticles ending in the postmedial tooth; postdental margin with a row of 12 tiny denticles ending before the hook. Right/left cercus with about 12/15, 15/12, 20/25 dorsal, lateral and ventral long and short M; campaniform sensilla distributed mainly on hook and scarce on inner margins (Figs 29−31). We have included cerci morphology observations in a video production, an animated movie produced with scientific supervision by José Antonio Peñas (see Supp. file 1).</p><p>Taxonomic affinities</p><p>The taxonomical features of Teljapyx aotearoa Sendra &amp; Sánchez-García sp. nov. in cerci morphology, coxal organs of the first urosternite and pectinate maxillae match the original description of the genus Teljapyx Silvestri, 1949 . Teljapyx was proposed for two species from South America (Silvestri 1949): Teljapyx riestrai Silvestri, 1949 and Teljapyx megalocerus, an already described species (Silvestri 1905). Paclt (1957a) in his monography of the group proposed to include within the genus Teljapyx a total of 19 species from five other genera: Japyx Haliday, 1864; Catajapyx Silvestri, 1933; Sinjapyx Silvestri, 1949; Proncojapyx Silvestri, 1949 and Congjapyx Pagés, 1954 . Furthermore, Smith (1959) included another species but using different criteria from those presented by Silvestri (1949) and Paclt (1957a), that is, the presence of a pair of predental denticles in both cerci. Teljapyx aotearoa has close morphological and geographical similarities to Teljapyx leai (Silvestri, 1930), described from Tasmania and later found in mainland Australia (Womersley 1939). Several differences between T. leai and T. aotearoa can be observed. First, body size and appendages are larger and more elongated in T. aotearoa than in T. leai: T. leai with a body length of up to 13.2 mm and a cerci length of 1.2 mm vs up to 29 mm body and 3 mm cerci in T. aotearoa . Second, T. leai has 30 antennomeres vs 32 antennomeres in T. aotearoa; the urotergite X in T. leai has 3+3 D1–3 intracarinal dorsal macrosetae and T. aotearoa has 2+2 D1, 3 but 1 or 2 sagittal between D1 macrosetae; and the right cercus has a predental margin with two rows of 1+3 denticles in T. leai vs 3+3 denticles in T. aotearoa .</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Council Cave is located near the Motupipi settlement in Golden Bay, on a small limestone outcrop approximately 1 km long and less than 100 m wide exposed by the uplift of the nearby Pikikiruna Fault. The Motupipi limestone is presumed to be continuous under the bed of Dry River with a larger block immediately north of Dry River. It also continues beneath overlying geologies to the west, probably for a considerable distance. Almost the entire Motupipi limestone outcrop, including the section containing Council Cave, is overlain by the Council Cave Scenic Reserve. The reserve still maintains a reasonable amount of native vegetation (Fig. 32A) although it is heavily covered by exotic species.</p><p>Council Cave is the largest known cave in the outcrop. The main entrance (Fig. 32B), at the northernmost point of the cave, is located close to a small road lying at about the level of the pasture, which extends from the western side of the limestone. The cave has a main, mostly dry, horizontal passage 170 m long that runs parallel with the edge of the limestone. This passage has suffered much damage in the past, from speleothem breakage to extensive graffiti. A second parallel conduit, which frequently holds a small stream, lies below and west of the main passage and has been explored up to at least 20 m beyond the end of the upper level. This lower conduit is often inaccessible due to water rising to roof level in many low areas.</p><p>The main conduit of Council Cave presents several speleothems (Fig. 32C), although the floor is mainly covered by sediments. Specimens of Teljapyx aotearoa sp. nov. were observed, especially at the deeper regions of the cave. During the samplings, specimens were observed freely walking on the cave floor, notably on areas covered by sediments (Fig. 32D). Individuals moved slowly by feeling the substrate with their long antennae. Specimens seem not to react to light, so that these organisms apparently do not show phototaxy. No specimens were observed close to each other. When disturbed (by the touch of a brush) they moved quickly, trying to hide in cracks or spaces under rocks.</p><p>It is important to note that Council Cave is one of the most important caves in New Zealand for its cave-restricted fauna, which has beetles, harvestmen, diplurans, centipedes, and spiders (Santos et al. 2019). Fortunately, the cave is now protected by its scenic reserve status, and visitors can only access its main cave conduit via a locked gate. The key is held at the local office of the Department of Conservation, thereby ensuring sufficient protection. In this way, the Department is aware of who enters the cave and for what reason. At present, there is no official permit system for entry, although it could be implemented in the future.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D1062FFA4FFFFFE16FBC48D73FA0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sendra, Alberto;Sánchez-García, Alba;Hoch, Hannelore;Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto;Selfa, Jesús;Moutaouakil, Soumia;Preez, Gerhard Du;Millar, Ian;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2023): Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura). European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2287/9877
