taxonID	type	description	language	source
039D7838FFDEFFC83C6EDB17FACDFD5E.taxon	description	The first lineage is presently known from the Oriental Region (Figs 15, 40), especially in Southern China, Laos and Thailand, with an extension of the E. (C.) aspina clade in Japan [E. (C.) urumae is recorded from Ryukyu Islands]. Preliminary studies of material collected in Japan, Taiwan and South Korea show a large presence of this lineage in these countries with many new species to describe. Within the second lineage, the E. (C.) atratata clade, distributed in South-east Asia (Fig. 16), is represented only by the two species included in the analysis as well as E. (C.) velutinella Frey. It is the most basal clade, sister-group of the E. (C.) acris + E. (C.) hyalea + E. (C.) jacobsoni clade. The E. (C.) acris clade is the sister-group of the E. (C.) hyalea + E. (C.) jacobsoni clade on the basis of the reduction of the two long dorsal epandrial projections to two small protuberances. This clade is distributed only in New Guinea (Fig. 11), mainly in mountainous areas. Finally the E. (C.) hyalea and E. (C.) jacobsoni clades are sister-groups on the basis of the more or less deformed male fore tibia. They seem to have radiated together: they represent half of the species included in the analysis and twice the number of the species of their sister-group. The distribution of the E. (C.) jacobsoni clade is very wide, ranging from tropical areas of Africa to New Caledonia (Fig. 35). However, this clade has not been recorded in New Guinea. The distribution of the E. (C.) hyalea clade is confined to South-east Asia (Fig. 23). THE E. (C.) HYALEA - GROUP: A POTENTIAL MODEL TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF QUATERNARY CLIMATE CHANGE ON ASIAN BIODIVERSITY The E. (C.) hyalea - group shows a remarkable diversification in tropical and subtropical areas of the Oriental and Australasian regions. Species are found mainly in middle and high altitude primary or secondary rain forests, as well as in coastal areas where they occur in mangroves and swamp forests (Daugeron & Grootaert, 2004 a). The phylogeny obtained shows sister-group relationships between altitude and coastal species (or species groups), i. e. species (or species groups) occurring in disjunct areas, are displayed in a repeated way. For example, within the E. (C.) jacobsoni clade, E. (C.) mengluensis + E. (C.) mengyangensis (mountainous region, Yunnan Province, China) is the sister-group of E. (C.) jacobsoni + E. (C.) producta (mangroves, Java and Singapore, respectively); within the E. (C.) hyalea clade, E. (C.) thiasotes (mountainous region, Java) is the sister-species of E. (C.) vitisalutatoris (low-altitude rain forests, Singapore); within the E. (C.) nahaeoensis clade, E. (C.) nahaeoensis (middle-altitude mountainous region, Loei Province, Thailand) is the sisterspecies of E. (C.) kuaensis (mangroves, Songkhla Province, Thailand); within the E. (C.) atratata clade, E. (C.) velutinella (mountainous region, Kambaiti, Myanmar), not included in the phylogeny, seems to be the sister-group of E. (C.) atratata + E. (C.) kosametensis (both found in rain forests of Koh Samet Island, Thailand). During the Quaternary, Asian primary rain forests were considerably fragmented, especially during ice ages, because of the generalized reduction in rainfall. In South-east Asia, forests persisted in still rainy, refuge areas such as mountain and coastal regions (e. g. see Brandon-Jones, 1998). Even if the main six clades of the E. (C.) hyalea - group probably originated after major geological (e. g. tectonic) changes, the distribution of the present species, on the one hand, and the sister-groups relationships between coastal and altitude species (or species groups), on the other, suggest a potential connection between the present specific diversity of the E. (C.) hyalea - group and forest fragmentations during successive ice ages (Daugeron & Grootaert, 2004 b). The isolation of the ancestral populations in the refuge areas resulted in their genetic divergence and the development of new species. According to these preliminary results, the E. (C.) hyalea - group could be used as a model to analyse the impact of Quaternary climate changes on tropical biodiversity.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFDFFFC73CA5DDC9FB5AFE48.taxon	description	Description: MALE: HEAD Ocellar triangle prominent with pair of distinct bristles; holoptic, upper ommatidia enlarged; proboscis at least as long as head, strongly sclerotized, with distinct unsclerotized zone in middle of labella. THORAX. Scutum with at least the following strong, long bristles: 1 basal postpronotal, 1 pre- and 2 postsutural supraalars, 3 notopleurals, 1 postalar, 2 apical scutellars; acrostichals absent in prescutellar depression, laterotergite with fan of strong, long bristles. LEGS. Fore tibia often deformed, more or less S-shaped or narrowed at base [E. (C.) hyalea and E. (C.) jacobsoni clades]; mid and hind legs with strong, long bristles. WING with Sc, M 1 generally abbreviated, M 2 complete, cell dm truncate, radial fork (R 4 + 5) at right angle, anal lobe well developed. HYPOPYSIUM. Cercus with characteristic concave shape in dorsal view; epandrium with 2 long, dorsal projections or at least 2 small dorsal protuberances, unpaired with lateral lamellae linked dorsally by broad sclerite (epandrial lamellae remain feebly separated dorsally in E. (C.) nahaeoensis clade), always with strong, long bristles; hypandrium rather short, pointed apically, reduced more or less membranous in E. (C.) aspina and E. (C.) nahaeoensis clades; phallus generally quite long, slender, sometimes entirely thick. FEMALE: Similar to male except for the following characters: entire chaetotaxy generally shorter. Dichoptic. Legs often with pennation, fore tibia unmodified. Abdomen pointed at tip with cercus longer than wide bearing some short bristly hairs. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the E. (C.) hyalea - group can be divided in six welldefined clades, namely E. (C.) acris, E. (C.) aspina, E. (C.) atratata, E. (C.) hyalea, E. (C.) jacobsoni and E. (C.) nahaeoensis, keyed below.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFD0FFC53FC5DB64FD59FDD2.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 11): This clade is found only in New Guinea (with E. parvula distributed in Irian Jaya). Most species are from mountainous areas except for the two sister-species E. (C.) missai and E. (C.) parvula, as well as E. (C.) submetallica found on the coast. EMPIS (COPTOPHLEBIA) ACRIS SP. NOV. (FIG. 2) Type material: Holotype: male, Papua New Guinea, Woitape, Wharton Range, 10. x. 1963, D. K. McAlpine (AMS). Paratype: 1 female, same data except 20. x. 1963 (AMS). Etymology: From the Latin word acer meaning pointed in reference to the shape of the phallus at tip. Description: Medium-sized species with yellowish femora, numerous long bristles on fore tarsomeres, pointed phallus. MALE: HEAD. Occiput black covered with grey dusting. Scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum missing. Face blackish. Palpus blackish. Labrum yellowish, length c. 1.8 × head height; labium yellowish to dark brown with short bristles. THORAX dark brown, scutum subshiny, strongly dusty grey in prescutellar depression. All bristles black. Antepronotum with some distinct short lateral bristles. Proepisternum and prosternum with 3 and 2 bristles, respectively. Acrostichals apparently uniserial, fine, rather short. Dorsocentrals uniserial, rather strong, long ending with 2 stronger, longer bristles in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles blackish. LEGS with coxae and femora yellowish, tibiae and tarsi brownish. Fore tibia with 1 strong, long antero- and posterodorsal bristles apically, 6 strong, long anterolateral bristles on apical half; first fore tarsomere strongly swollen, with numerous strong, long posterolateral and apicodorsal bristles; remaining fore tarsomeres with strong, long dorsal bristles. Mid femur with some fine ventral bristles; mid tibia with 1 strong, long ventral bristle at basal third, 3 strong, long dorsals (basally, at middle, apically); first mid tarsomere with 1 strong, long anterodorsal bristle apically; remaining mid tarsomeres missing. Hind femur with ventral and dorsal rows of fine, rather short bris- hyp tles; hind tibia with ventral row of strong, slightly longer than tibia depth bristles, dorsal row of 4 strong, long bristles (basally, at basal and apical third, apically); hind tarsus thick; first hind tarsomere with 5 strong, long dorsal bristles; remaining tarsomeres with dorsal pair of strong, long bristles. WING clear (length = 3.1), feebly tinged with brown, veins well sclerotized, brownish, M 1, A 1 less distinct. A 1 abbreviated. Halter black to dark brown at base. ABDOMEN dark brown-blackish, shiny, with distinct bristles at base. Tergites and sternites with fine lateral and ventral bristles, respectively. Segment 8 with strong, long posterior bristles; tergite 8 somewhat more sclerotized anterolaterally. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 2). Cercus with dorsal brush of fine bristles, minute spines at tip. Epandrium with 2 small anterodorsal protuberances bearing some fine bristles, a dozen strong, long bristles at tip and ventrally. Hypandrium well sclerotized, not very long, pointed at tip. Phallus rather short, straight ahead, pointed at tip.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFD0FFC53FC5DB64FD59FDD2.taxon	description	FEMALE: Similar to male except for the following characters: lower ommatidia enlarged, frons somewhat wider than face. Flagellum black, first flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Left fore, left mid and right hind legs missing. First fore tarsomere with long dorsal pennation; second and third fore tarsomeres with long dorsal pennation except apically. Hind femur with some ventral pennate bristles apically; hind tibia with dense, long ventral and dorsal pennation. Abdomen shiny except last three segments dusty grey; cercus dusty grey.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCAFFDB3FCED97DFE51FE48.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 15): Species included in this clade are recorded from South-east Asia (Laos, Thailand) with one representative [E. (C.) urumae] in Japan (Ryukyu Islands). EMPIS (COPTOPHLEBIA) ASPINA SP. NOV. (FIG. 12) Type material: Holotype: male, Laos, Sayaboury Province, Sayaboury, xii. 1965 (BPBM). Paratype: 1 male, Laos, Nongtevada, 18. ix. 1965, J. A. Rondon (BPBM). Etymology: aspina is a combination of a (privative sense) and the Latin word spina meaning spines in reference to the absence of minute spines at tip of male cercus. Description: Blackish-brown species of rather large size with dark brown wing. Scape and pedicel pale brown, first flagellomere lengthened, labium strongly sclerotized, bare, fore tibia with characteristic strong dorsal bristles apically, hind tibia ventrally and dorsally covered with numerous strong, long bristles, cercus without spines at tip, epandrium with pair of long dorsal projections. MALE: HEAD. Occiput black. Ocellar triangle black. Face shiny black to dusty grey in lower part. Palpus blackish. Scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum black, first flagellomere somewhat conical, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Proboscis brown to black. Labrum length twice head height. Labium strongly sclerotized with minute bristly hairs. THORAX blackish. All bristles black. Antepronotum with short lateral bristles. Proepisternum and prosternum with 2 distinct bristles. Acrostichals uni- to biserial, fine. Dorsocentrals uni- to biserial, fine, ending with 3 strong, long bristles, 2 of which in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles brown. LEGS dark brown-black, fore and mid femora yellowish-brown. Fore tibia with c. 6 strong, long dorsal bristles apically, densely covered with short ventral bristly hairs; fore tarsomeres densely covered with short ventral bristly hairs; first fore tarsomere with long antero- and posterodorsal bristles; first three fore tarsomeres with apical circlet of 3 strong bristles, last three tarsomeres with 2 ventral rows of spine-like short bristles. Mid tibia with dorsal row of 4 strong, long bristles, 1 strong, long ventral at middle; mid tarsomeres with strong spine-like ventrals and apical circlet of strong bristles. Hind femur with 2 ventral rows of fine, rather long bristles; hind tibia enlarged apically, ventrally and dorsally covered with very strong, long bristles especially in apical two-thirds; hind tarsomeres thickened; first hind tarsomere with same pilosity pattern as hind tibia; other tarsomeres with 2 ventral rows of short spine-like bristles. WING (length = 5) deeply brown. A 1 complete, feebly sclerotized apically. Halter black to yellowish at base. ABDOMEN dark brown-blackish. Sternite 8 with strong, long posterior bristles. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 12). Cercus without minute spines at tip. Epandrium with pair of pointed anterodorsal projections bearing fine bristles; 4 strong, long bristles at tip. Hypandrium reduced ventrally. Phallus truncate at tip, recurved.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCAFFDB3FCED97DFE51FE48.taxon	description	FEMALE: unknown.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCDFFD93CA9DAE7FECFFACF.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 16): This group of three species is typically South-east Asian, recorded from Myanmar and Thailand. Remarks: Although E. (C.) velutinella Frey is not included in the phylogenetic analysis and not reviewed taxonomically, a preliminary morphological study allows inclusion of this species in the E. (C.) atratata clade as well as in the key given below. A fourth species from China (Yunnan) with 2 very strong, long bristles at the tip of the epandrium seems to also belong to this clade. It is known from 1 male and 2 females (KBIN – IRScNB) but not described here because of the poor condition of the specimens.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCEFFD83FCADA5CFDE2FA4F.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 23): This group of species is typically South-east Asian, recorded from China (Kwantung), Indonesia (Java), Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Remarks: Even if E. (C.) leptargyra Frey is not included in the phylogenetic analysis and not taxonomically reviewed, a preliminary morphological study of this species allows inclusion in the E. (C.) hyalea clade as well as in the key given below.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCEFFD83FCADA5CFDE2FA4F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material studied: Holotype: male, China, east Kwantung, Tsin Leong San, 5. vi. 1936, J. L. Gressit (according to Melander, 1946: 114), A. L. Melander Collection 1961 (USNM). The red label ‘ Holotype, Coptophlebia (= Empis) hyalea Melander, male, teste	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFCEFFD83FCADA5CFDE2FA4F.taxon	description	2. Black species; hind tibia and tarsus covered with numerous long bristles especially dorsally; hind tarsomeres strongly swollen ................................................................................................. E. (C.) atratata Daugeron & Grootaert (Thailand) Brown species; hind tibia and tarsus only with shorter bristles dorsally; hind tarsomeres slender ............................. ..................................................................................................... E. (C.) kosametensis Daugeron & Grootaert (Thailand) W. J. Turner, 1981 ’ was added to the holotype. Paratypes: 2 males, same data but 1. vi. 1936; 1 female, same data but 7. vi. 1936 (USNM).	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFC3FFD33C15DAE9FBE9FBED.taxon	description	(FIG. 21) References: Melander (1946): 116. Type material studied: Holotype: male, Indonesia, Java, Tjibodas, Mt. Gede, 9000 ft (c. 2800 m) a. s. l., Bryant & Palmer, A. L. Melander 1961 (USNM). The red label ‘ Holotype, Coptophlebia (= Empis) thiasotes Melander, male, teste W. J. Turner, 1981 ’ was added to the holotype. Other material: 1 male, Indonesia, Java, Tjibodas, Mt. Gede, 4600 ft (c. 1400 m) a. s. l., Bryant and Palmer, A. L. Melander coll. 1961 (USNM). Redescription: MALE: HEAD. Occiput black with row of distinct postocular bristles. Scape, pedicel, face black, flagellum missing. Palpus brown. Proboscis dark brown-black. Labrum slightly more than twice head height. Labium with short bristly hairs, labella as long as prementum. THORAX with the only visible strong, long bristles as follows: 1 postpronotal, 3 notopleurals, 1 postalar. LEGS dark brown. Fore tibia somewhat deformed, S-shaped in frontal view, with distinct posterolateral bristles; first fore tarsomere somewhat swollen, elongated (five sixths fore tibia length), posterolaterally and dorsally covered with numerous strong, long bristles, several strong ventrals on apical half; second fore tarsomere swollen with numerous strong, long dorsals, other tarsomeres with several long dorsals, pair of which stronger. Mid tibia with 2 strong dorsal bristles (at basal quarter, at apical third), 1 strong, long ventral at basal third; first mid tarsomere with apical circlet of strong bristles. Hind femur with rather strong ventral bristles on apical half; hind tibia with ventral row of strong, very long bristles, 1 antero- and posterodorsal rows of strong, long bristles; hind tarsus swollen, all tarsomeres with pair of strong, long dorsals apically, first hind tarsomere with ventral spine-like bristles. WING (length = 3) tinged with brown. A 1 abbreviated. Halter brownish. ABDOMEN blackish, with distinct bristles at base. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 21) with cercus bearing minute spines at tip, brush of ventral bristles. Epandrium somewhat indented ventroapically with long, narrow apical projection bearing several strong, long bristles; c. 12 strong, long ventral bristles. Hypandrium sickle-shaped in lateral view. Phallus slender, long, not pointed at tip, feebly recurved apically. FEMALE: unknown.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFC4FFD23C02DA70FB85F9DE.taxon	description	(FIG. 22) Type material: Holotype: male, Singapore, Pulau Ubin, Chek Jawa, 11. xii. 2002, sample 22059, leg. P. Grootaert (KBIN-IRScNB). Paratypes: 3 males, with the same data; 1 male, Pulau Ubin, Chek Jawa, mangrove, 13. xii. 2002, sample 22061, leg. P. Grootaert; 1 male, Singapore, Pulau Ubin, Chek Jawa, 19. xi. 2003, sample 23080, leg. P. Grootaert; 1 male, Singapore, Pulau Ubin, Chek Jawa, 02. xi. 2003, malaise trap, sample 23097, leg. P. Grootaert; 1 male, Singapore, NUS campus, near woods King Edward VII Hall, 30. xi. 2003, sample 23093, leg. P. Grootaert (KBIN- IRScNB); 1 male, Singapore, Nee Soon Forest, 8. xi. 1979, at Vitis flower, D. H. Murphy (NUS). Other material: 1 male with genitalia missing, same data (NUS). hyp Etymology: From the Latin word salutator meaning visitor, and vitis, the generic name of the plant species on which two specimens (NUS) have been collected. Description: Dark brown species of middle size with clear wing, fore tibia strongly deformed at base, epandrium indented ventrally, with 1 very strong bristle at tip, several strong, long ventrals, hypandrium projected posteriorly with numerous bristly hairs at tip. MALE: HEAD. Occiput dark dusty grey. Face black, shiny. Palpus black. Scape, pedicel dark brown-black, flagellum black, first flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres aritiform. Proboscis dark brownblack. Labrum length more than twice head height. Labium with short bristles. THORAX. Scutum subshiny to strongly dusty grey in prescutellar depression. All bristles black. Proepisternum apparently bare, prosternum with 1 distinct bristle. Acrostichals biserial, rather short. Dorsocentrals uniserial, strong, rather long, ending with 3 stronger, longer bristles, 2 of which in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles dark brown-black. LEGS brownish. Fore tibia strongly deformed basally with 3 strong, long posterolateral bristles; first fore tarsomere with 1 strong, long antero- and posterolateral basally and circlet of strong bristles apically. Mid femur with long antero- and posteroventral bristles at basal half; mid tibia with dorsal row of 3 strong, long bristles (at basal third, at middle, apically), 2 strong, long ventrals (at basal third, at middle); first mid tarsomere with 1 strong, long anterolateral basally and apically, short spine-like ventrals. Hind femur with 2 ventral rows of fine, rather short bristles; hind tibia with dorsal row of 4 strong, long bristles (basally, at basal third, at apical third, apically), several strong, long antero- and posteroventrals; first hind tarsomere with 2 strong, long posterodorsals, 1 strong, long anterodorsal at tip, short spine-like ventrals; following three hind tarsomeres with 2 distinct dorsals. WING (length = 3.25) clear. A 1 abbreviated. Halter with brownish base and black knob. ABDOMEN brown-black, subshiny with strong, long bristles at base, at posterior margin of tergites, segment 8, distinct pair of posteriors on sternites. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 22). Cercus with minute spines at tip. Epandrium with pair of small anterodorsal protuberances bearing fine bristles; strongly indented subapically, with numerous ventral bristles: 8 long basally, 6 short apically, 1 strong, long at tip. Hypandrium well sclerotized, projected posteriorly, with fine bristly hairs at tip. Phallus not very long, somewhat narrowed apically. FEMALE: unknown.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFC5FFD03C53D835FC71FB49.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 35): This group of species is widely distributed including tropical Africa (Guinea, Central African Republic and Ivory Coast), South-east Asia (China: Yunnan, Malaysia, Indonesia: Java, Sumatra) and New Caledonia. This distribution suggests that this group should also be found in New Guinea. EMPIS (COPTOPHLEBIA) CAMERONENSIS SP. NOV. (FIG. 24) Type material: Holotype: male, Malaysia, Cameron Highlands, 7. iv. 1985, D. K. McAlpine (AMS). Paratype: 1 female, same data but 5. iv. 1985 (AMS). Etymology: The name of the species is derived from the type-locality. Description: Blackish-grey species of middle size. Fore tibia deformed with an anterodorsal row of c. 8 spinelike bristles on basal half. First mid tarsomere whitish. Sternite 7 with strong, long posterior bristles. MALE: HEAD. Occiput blackish to dusty grey. Bristles of ocellar triangle missing. Face black. Palpus black with 1 distinct bristle. Antenna black, first flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres missing. Labrum dark brown, length c. 1.5 × head height. Labium black with numerous short bristles. Labella broken. THORAX blackish, scutum dusty grey to subshiny. All bristles black. Antepronotum with 2 short lateral bristles. Proepisternum and prosternum with 1 and 2 short bristles, respectively. Acrostichals missing. Dorsocentrals uniserial, ending with 2 strong, long bristles in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles blackish. LEGS dark brown-blackish. Fore tibia deformed at base, somewhat S-shaped in frontal view, with anterodorsal row of c. 8 spine-like bristles on basal half; first fore tarsomere with 1 strong, long dorsal basally, 2 strong, long anterolaterals basally, several others strong, shorter anterolaterals apically; other tarsomeres with apical circlet of strong bristles. Mid femur with strong, long ventral bristles basally; mid tibia with dorsal row of 3 strong, long bristles (at basal third, at apical quarter, apically), several strong, long posteroventrals and ventrals except basally; first mid tarsomere whitish with 1 strong, long ventral at base and apical circlet of strong bristles especially 1 long posterodorsal; other tarsomeres with apical circlet of strong bristles. Hind femur with dorsal and ventral rows of short bristles; hind tibia with dorsal row of 5 strong, long bristles, 1 strong, long anterodorsal apically, ventrally covered with numerous bristles longer apically; hind tarsus somewhat swollen; first hind tarsomere with 6 strong, long dorsal bristles and antero- and posteroventral rows of strong spine-like bristles; other tarsomeres with dorsal pair of long bristles apically. WING (length = 3.25) clear with veins brownish except M 1 almost not visible. A 1 abbreviated. Halter black. ABDOMEN brown-blackish with first two tergites somewhat dusty, covered with distinct bristles, tergite 8 more strongly sclerotized anterolaterally. Strong, long bristles at base, at the posterior margin of sternites and tergites, sternite 7 with strong, long posteriors, sternite 8 with numerous strong, long posterior bristles. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 24). Cercus with minute spines at tip. Epandrium with pair of small anterodorsal protuberances, dorsal row of strong, long bristles, several other strong, long bristles at tip and ventrally. Hypandrium well sclerotized, sickle-shaped in lateral view. Phallus long, slender, not recurved.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFC5FFD03C53D835FC71FB49.taxon	description	FEMALE: Similar to male except for the following characters: ocellar triangle with pair of distinct bristles. Lower ommatidia enlarged, frons black, shiny, as wide as face. Second and third flagellomeres black, aristiform. Two fine, short visible acrostichals. Fore tibia with dorsal pennation on apical half, short ventral pennation on apical two-thirds; first fore tarsomere with dorsal pennation except apically. Mid femur with long and short antero- and posterodorsal pennation, respectively, ventral pennation; mid tibia with flattened ventral bristles, short and long antero- and posterodorsal pennation, respectively; first mid tarsomere with dorsal pennation, densely covered with spine-like bristles ventrally. Hind femur and tibia with long and very short antero- and posterodorsal pennation, respectively, ventral pennation; hind tibia with very short posterodorsal and anteroventral pennation. First hind tarsomere with long anterodorsal pennation except apically, short posterodorsal pennation.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFC7FFEB3C12DAC2FE51FC84.taxon	description	(FIGS 25 – 27) References: De Meijere (1907): 251. Type material studied: Lectotype: male, Indonesia, Java, Semarang, i. 1906, Jacobson (ZMAN). Paralectotypes: 10 males and 23 females with the same data. Lectotype designation: This species was described on the basis of numerous specimens (De Meijere p. 251 states: ‘ zahlreiche Exemplar’), which were divided into two series: the first (25 specimens) with the following red label ‘ Empis jacobsoni De Meijere 1907, ZMAN (type DIPT. 0432.1 – 25) ’, the second (9 females) with the following red label ‘ Empis jacobsoni De Meijere 1907, ZMAN (type DIPT. 0432.26 – 34) ’. One male in good condition is herewith designated as lectotype of the species and labelled accordingly to fix and stabilize the current concept of the name. All other specimens become paralectotypes. Redescription: MALE (Fig. 25): HEAD. Palpus brownyellowish. Labrum length about twice head height. THORAX. Scutum shiny to somewhat dusty grey in prescutellar depression. Antepronotum with 3 strong spine-like lateral bristles. Prosternum with 1 rather long lateral bristle. LEGS. Fore tibia strongly modified at base with strong spine-like anterodorsal bristles at basal third, 1 strong, long posterolateral about at middle; first fore tarsomere elongated, swollen at tip, remaining three fore tarsomeres swollen, more or less rounded, covered with numerous strong, long bristles. First two hind tarsomeres swollen. WING (length = 3.25) tinged with brown, all veins well sclerotized, A 1 abbreviated. Halter with dark brown base, black knob. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 27). Cercus with minute spines at tip, rounded small bight on posterior margin. Epandrium with pair of well-developed dorsal protuberances, posteriorly strongly modified in long very massive projection bearing 1 very strong, long bristle, with numerous strong bristles ventrally and c. 10 strong, long bristles ventrobasally. Hypandrium well sclerotized, sickle-shaped in lateral view. Phallus narrow at tip, not recurved. FEMALE (Fig. 26): mainly differs by the following characters: rather blackish in general colour, lower ommatidia enlarged. Fore coxa with 2 – 3 lateral pennate bristles, mid and hind coxae with 6 – 8 lateral pennate bristles. All femora, fore, hind tibiae with long dorsal and ventral pennation; mid tibia with long dorsal pennation, ventral pennation at base; first four fore tarsomeres, first two mid tarsomeres, first hind tarsomere with long dorsal pennation. Abdomen shiny except for last four segments, first five tergites with long lateral pennation. Cercus not shiny. Distribution (Fig. 35): ORI: Indonesia: Java. Smith (1975) also notes the presence of this species in the Philippines. However, we have not seen any specimens from this country and all type specimens of E. (C.) jacobsoni are from Java. Remarks: E. (C.) jacobsoni can be distinguished from other species by the combination of the following characters: fore tibia strongly modified with strong spinelike anterodorsal bristles, fore tarsus swollen with numerous bristles, and a series of characters in the male genitalia especially the posterior modification of the epandrium in a long very massive projection bearing 1 very strong bristle. EMPIS (COPTOPHLEBIA) LACHAISEI SP. NOV. (FIG. 28) Type material: Holotype: male, Côte d’Ivoire, Mont Nimba, 25. viii. 1973, 300 – 400 m a. s. l., D. Lachaise (MNHN). Etymology: The species is dedicated to his collector, Dr Daniel Lachaise. Description: Blackish species of small size with fore tibia deformed, epandrium somewhat lengthened bearing numerous bristles at tip and ventrally. MALE: HEAD. Occiput black. Face, palpus, antenna black. First flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Labrum slightly longer than head height. Labium with short bristles. THORAX black, most bristles missing, at least with following: fine lateral antepronotals, 3 notopleurals, 1 presutural supraalar. Anterior and posterior spiracles blackish. LEGS brownish. Fore tibia deformed at base, with several rather strong, not spine-like anterodorsal bristles at base, numerous fine rather long ventrals on apical half; basal four fore tarsomeres with apical circlet of strong bristles. Mid tibia with row of 3 strong, long dorsal bristles (at basal quarter, at middle, apically), 1 strong, long ventral at basal third; first mid tarsomere with 1 strong, long anterolateral. Hind legs missing. WING (length = 3) very clear, M 1 feebly sclerotized. A 1 abbreviated. Halter black. ABDOMEN black, with distinct bristles at base, on posterior margin of segment 8, otherwise very fine, short sparse bristles. Tergite 8 more sclerotized anteriorly. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 28). Cercus with minute spines at tip. Epandrium with pair of very small dorsal protuberances, somewhat lengthened with numerous strong, long bristles especially at tip, ventrally. Hypandrium sickle-shaped. Phallus long, slender, not pointed at tip. FEMALE: unknown.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFFEFFE83FBDDD95FDC1FCF9.taxon	description	(FIG. 32) Type material: Holotype: male, China, Yunnan Province, Jinhong, Mengyang, 11. iii. 1999, primary rainforest, P. Grootaert (sample 99090) (KBIN – IRScNB). Paratypes: 3 males, same data but 5. iii. 1999 (sample 99060) (KBIN – IRScNB); 3 males, 2 females, same data than holotype (sample 99091) (KBIN – IRScNB). Other material: Because of their poor condition the following specimen is not considered paratype: 1 male, same data than holotype but 5. iii. 1999 (sample 99060) (KBIN – IRScNB). Etymology: The name of the species is derived from the type-locality. Description: Blackish to yellowish species of middle size, yellowish legs, male fore tibia deformed with several anterodorsal spines, hind tarsus very thick, black with long bristles, phallus with small ventral notch at middle. MALE: HEAD. Occiput dusty brown-grey. Face blackish, dusty. Palpus brownish. Antenna black, first flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Labrum brownish, length about twice head height. Labium blackish, with short bristles. THORAX dark brown in ground colour. Prescutellar depression strongly dusty. All bristles black. Antepronotum with short lateral bristles. Proepisternum and prosternum apparently with 1 and 2 bristles, respectively. Acrostichals irregularly biserial, fine, short. Dorsocentrals apparently uniserial, ending with 2 strong, long bristles in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles dark brown. LEGS (Fig. 32 B). Coxae, femora yellow, tibiae yellowish to brownish, tarsomeres blackish. Fore tibia deformed, strongly narrowed at base, with 6 spine-like, short dorsal bristles on basal third, 1 rather strong, long dorsal bristle almost at middle; first fore tarsomere somewhat swollen, with pair of dorsal bristles apically. Mid femur with long ventral bristles on apical half; mid tibia with 3 strong, long dorsals, 1 strong, long ventral at basal third; first mid tarsomere with 1 strong, long dorsal apically. Hind femur somewhat S-shaped in dorsal view, with distinct posterolateral bristles basally; hind tibia distinctly dilated apically, interiorly curved, with row of strong, long dorsals; hind tarsomeres swollen, with strong, long dorsals; first hind tarsomere with two ventral rows of short, strong bristles. WING (length = 2.75) clear. Halter with yellow base, dark brown knob. ABDOMEN with first four tergites brown, first five sternites yellow, otherwise dark brownblackish. Distinct bristles at base, posterior margin of sternites with pair of strong, long bristles, also on tergites posteriorly and laterally. Segment 8 with strong, long posterior bristles. Hypopygium (Fig. 32 A). Cercus with minute spines at tip. Epandrium somewhat rounded at tip, with pair of small anterodorsal protuberances bearing several long bristles; c. 12 strong, long bristles ventrally and apically. Hypandrium well sclerotized, sickle-shaped in lateral view. Phallus slender, with small ventral notch at middle. FEMALE: Similar to male except for following characters: lower ommatidia enlarged, frons slightly wider than face, brownish-dusty grey. Legs with shorter bristles, mid femur with dorsal pennation except apically, shorter ventral pennation at apical half; mid tibia with flattened dorsal bristles apically; hind femur with long dorsal and ventral pennation; hind tibia with long dorsal pennation, long ventral pennation at apical half; first hind tarsomere with dorsal pennation except apically. Abdomen distinctly brown-yellowish, darker on last three segments.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFF1FFE53C43DFFDFCADF92C.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 40): This group is recorded from South-east Asia [China (Yunnan), Myanmar and Thailand]. Remarks: Even if E. persimilis Frey is not included in the phylogenetic analysis and not reviewed taxonomically, a preliminary morphological study of this species permits its inclusion in the E. (C.) nahaeoensis clade as well as in the key given below. EMPIS (COPTOPHLEBIA) INCURVA SP. NOV. (FIG. 36) Type material: Holotype: male, China, Yunnan Province, Jinhong, Mengyang, 8. iii. 1999, primary rainforest, P. Grootaert (sample 99060) (KBIN – IRScNB). Paratypes: 8 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 17 males, same data but 11. iii. 1999 (sample 99090) (KBIN – IRScNB); 1 male, same data but 11. iii. 1999 (sample 99091) (KBIN – IRScNB). Other material: Because their abdomen is missing or genitalia are in poor condition, the following male specimens are not considered as paratypes: 2 males, China, Yunnan Province, Jinhong, Mengyang, 8. iii. 1999, primary rainforest, P. Grootaert (sample 99060) (KBIN – IRScNB); 4 males, same data but 11. iii. 1999 (sample 99090) (KBIN – IRScNB). Etymology: From the Latin word incurvus meaning curved in reference to the shape of the phallus, which is strongly bent apically. Description: A blackish species of middle size; epandrium with a characteristic anterodorsal double brush of strong bristles, a row of 8 very strong, long dorsal bristles apically, phallus bent at right angle apically.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFF1FFE53C43DFFDFCADF92C.taxon	description	MALE: HEAD. Occiput blackish with grey dusting. Face, palpus, antenna black. First flagellomere conical, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Proboscis blackish. Labrum length c. 1.5 × head height. Labium rather thick, well sclerotized, with numerous short bristles. THORAX blackish, scutum subshiny, prescutellar depression, scutellum dusty. All bristles black. Antepronotum with some lateral bristles. Proepisternum, prosternum with 1 strong, rather long bristle. Acrostichals apparently uniserial, fine. Dorsocentrals uniserial, ending with 2 strong, long bristles in prescutellar depression. Anterior and posterior spiracles blackish. LEGS brownish. Fore tibia with dorsal row of c. 20 short bristles, ventrally covered with very fine, short bristly hairs; fore tarsomeres with distinct bristles at tip. Mid femur with some strong, long ventral bristles in basal third; mid tibia anteroventrally covered with short bristles, 1 strong, long ventral at basal quarter, 2 strong, long dorsals (at middle, apically); mid tarsomeres with apical circlet of distinct bristles. Hind femur with some distinct bristles postero- and anterodorsally; hind tibia with numerous strong, long ventral, antero- and posterodorsal bristles; first three hind tarsomeres thick; first two hind tarsomeres covered with numerous strong, long dorsal bristles; other hind tarsomeres with apical circlet of strong bristles. WING (length = 2.75) faintly tinged with brown. A 1 abbreviated. Halter black. ABDOMEN black except for first five sternites brownish to yellowish, with tergite 8 slightly more sclerotized anterolaterally, distinct bristles at base and at posterior margin of tergites; sternite 8 with strong posterior bristles. HYPOPYGIUM (Fig. 36). Cercus with anterodorsal protuberance bearing brush of numerous fine bristles. Epandrium with pair of dorsal projections bearing brush of strong, long, apically rounded bristles; row of 8 strong, long dorsal bristles at tip. Hypandrium membranous ventrally. Phallus thick at base, bent at right angle apically. FEMALE: Similar to male except for following characters: anteroventral ommatidia somewhat enlarged, frons as wide as face, shiny. Legs with all bristles shorter; mid femur with short ventral subpennate bristles at middle; hind femur with rather long dorsal pennation except apically, ventral pennation except basally; hind tibia with short ventral subpennate bristles on basal half. Tergites subshiny except for last three.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFF5FFE23C12DFFDFE6AF9B4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material studied: Holotype: female, Indonesia, Java, Depok, 07. x, Jacobson (ZMAN). The red label ‘ Empis abbrevinervis De Meijere 1911, ZMAN type DIPT. 0428.1 ’ was subsequently added to the holotype. Other material: 1 male in bad condition (in alcohol), Thailand, Loei Province, Na Haeo (SWU-FIRS), 12 – 28. vi. 2000, P. Grootaert (KBIN – IRScNB) Etymology: The name of the species is derived from that of E. (C.) nahaeoensis Daugeron & Grootaert (Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a), the two species showing a very close morphology. Description: MALE: (length of wing = 4). Similar to E. (C.) nahaeoensis except for the following characters: antenna entirely yellow. Labrum slightly less than twice head height. Labium yellowish-brown. Fore femur with 1 short anteroventral spine apically; fore tibia with 1 antero- and posterodorsal rows of rather strong, as long as tibia depth bristles; fore tarsus with short dorsals. Abdomen with sternite 8 more sclerotized dorsolaterally. Epandrium lacking long rounded anterodorsal projection (Fig. 39).	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFF5FFE23C12DFFDFE6AF9B4.taxon	description	FEMALE: Unknown.	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
039D7838FFEAFFFC3E6BDE2CFD46FA1B.taxon	description	E. (C.) acris sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) abbrevinervis De Meijere, 1911: 328. ORIEN- TAL: Indonesia: Java (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) adelpha Frey, 1953: 55. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) anthophila Melander, 1946: 109. NEARCTIC: USA: New Mexico, Texas (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) asema Melander, 1902: 294. NEARCTIC: USA: Colorado, Texas (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) aspina sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Laos (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) atratata Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 168. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) burmaensis Frey, 1953: 55. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) cameronensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Malaysia (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) cinctiventris Frey, 1953: 50. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) coptophlebiodes Frey, 1953: 47. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Empis) E. (C.) degener Frey, 1953: 57. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) difficilis Frey, 1953: 51. PALAEARCTIC: Japan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) donga Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 57. ORI- ENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) duplex sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) hirticrus Melander, 1928: 141. NEARCTIC: USA: Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) hyalea Melander, 1946: 113. ORIENTAL: China: Kwantung (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) incurva sp. nov. ORIENTAL: China: Yunnan (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) impar Melander, 1946: 112. NEOTROPICAL: Costa Rica (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) incensa Frey, 1953: 49. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) inferiseta sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Vietnam (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) jacobsoni De Meijere, 1907: 251. ORIENTAL: Indonesia: Java (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) kawatiensis Frey, 1953: 51. PALAEARCTIC: Japan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) kyushuensis Frey, 1953: 54. PALAEARCTIC: Japan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) kosametensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 170. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) kuaensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) lachaisei sp. nov. AFROTROPICAL: Ivory Coast (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) lamellalta sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) lamellornata Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 59. ORIENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) lamruensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 170. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) lata sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) leptargyra Frey, 1953: 56. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) liuxihensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 59. ORIENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) loici sp. nov. AFROTROPICAL: Central African Republic (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) longiseta sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) malaisei Frey, 1953: 47. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Empis) E. (C.) menglunensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: China: Yunnan Province (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) mengyangensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: China: Yunnan Province (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) miranda, Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 171. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) missai sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) multipennata Melander, 1946: 114. ORIEN- TAL: China: Hainan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) nahaeoensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 172. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) nanlinga Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 60. ORIENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) nganga Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 173. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) nimbaensis sp. nov. AFROTROPICAL: Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) nondouensis Daugeron, 2002: 87. AUSTRALA- SIA: New Caledonia (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) ostentator Melander, 1946: 114. ORIENTAL: China: Kwantung (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) padangensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Indonesia: Sumatra (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) pakensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 173. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C) parvula sp. nov. AUSTRALASIAN: Indonesia: Irian Jaya (Coptophlebia) E. (C) pedispinosa Daugeron & Grootaert 2003 c: 63. ORIENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) persimilis Frey, 1953: 53. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined, probably a synonym of E. burmaensis Frey (C. Daugeron & T. Saigusa, unpubl. data) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) pilositarsis Frey, 1953: 56. ORIENTAL: Philippines (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) projecta sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Laos (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) pseudonahaeoensis sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) pseudospinotibialis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 174. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) pulchra Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 175. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) quadrimanus Frey, 1953, 53. ORIENTAL: Taiwan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) ratburiensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 175. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) sinensis Melander, 1946: 116. ORIENTAL: China: Kwantung (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) spinotibialis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 176. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) subabbreviata Frey, 1953: 50. ORIENTAL: Taiwan (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) submetallica sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) subpatagiata Frey, 1953: 52. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) thapensis Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 a: 177. ORIENTAL: Thailand (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) thiasotes Melander, 1946: 116. ORIENTAL: Indonesia: Java (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) tibiaculata Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 63. ORIENTAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) urumae sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Japan: Ryukyu Island (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) velutinella Frey, 1953: 55. ORIENTAL: Myanmar (examined) (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) vitisalutatoris sp. nov. ORIENTAL: Singapore (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) woitapensis sp. nov. AUSTRALASIA: Papua New Guinea (Coptophlebia) E. (C.) xui Daugeron & Grootaert, 2003 c: 65. ORIEN- TAL: China: Guangdong (Coptophlebia)	en	Daugeron, Christophe, Grootaert, Patrick (2005): Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (3): 339-391, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00189.x
