taxonID	type	description	language	source
039A87BBFFBDBD4ACA44FB15FDA2FD09.taxon	description	Eryxia is characterized by ‘ ... narrow subcylindrical form, ... squamose clothing of the body ... absence of the sutural grooves between the prosternum and the anterior episterna ... ’ (BALY 1865). Besides the three mentioned taxa, alternatively placed in different genera, further 13 species from the African Continent and Asia are assigned to Eryxia at present: in some cases, in particular the Asiatic species, their generic attribution needs to be reconsidered. As a matter of fact, E. grandis (type examined) does not match the characters of the genus Eryxia, particularly due to presence of well developed notosternal suture, the pronotum wide and not subcylindrical and the fine pubescence of the dorsum, and must be placed in a different genus. Moreover, in E. grandis the metatibiae are obliquely truncate at apex (while they are deeply excavate longitudinally between the raising borders in Eryxia), claws are more divaricated, prothoracic coxae are far apart and prosternum is only a little longer than wide between the coxae (in Eryxia the coxae are closer and the prosternum is narrow, more than four times longer than wide between the coxae). I examined the type of Falsonerissus arabicus Pic, 1951 (MNHN): it perfectly corresponds to the lectotype of Eryxia grandis Lefèvre, 1890, even in the type locality, and I can declare F. arabicus a new synonym of E. grandis. Iranomolpus badius (type examined: ♀ ZMUH) is to be included in the same genus as E. grandis; following LOPATIN’ S opinion (2008), I consider I. badius a distinct species. Andosiomorpha argentata must be re-evaluated as a distinct species, based on the original description and examination of specimens, and must be placed in the same genus as the above species. Eryxia socotrana Gahan, 1903 and Eryxia coracina Lopatin, 1996 are to be placed in the same genus as the above species, showing identical characteristics. Bezdekia tenebrosa must be regarded as a species distinct from Eryxia grandis, based on the illustrations of the aedeagus provided in the original description, if compared to those given here for E. grandis (Figs. 15 – 16). On the other hand, the two taxa clearly belong to the same genus. Based on the present knowledge, Eryxia seems diffused in continental Africa, with the only exception of E. gracilipes Lefèvre, 1890 from Yemen (Aden). The five species mentioned above do not significantly differ in their characteristics from the representatives of the large genus Colasposoma and I have no reason not to assign them to this genus; nevertheless, their peculiar habitus and distribution can justify, from my point of view, their placement in a separate subgenus Falsonerissus, identified by the claws briefly bifid, with the division starting in their midlength or even more distally. In Colasposoma, claws can be either simple, appendiculate at base or bifid, with the division starting near the base of the claw or in its basal half. The subparallel elytra and oblong body shape, the generally opaque, sometimes feebly metallic color and the close, usually short pubescence of the dorsum can distinguish Falsonerissus from Colasposoma at a first glance; nevertheless, the taxonomic value of these characters must be considered with caution because of the shown variability of these aspects within the very wide genus Colasposoma, although they are not present with equal characteristics in the same geographic area. Based on the above mentioned facts, the following nomenclatural changes are proposed:	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFBABD48CBDDFF56FEC3FDBD.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 7, 105 – 106, 139)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFBABD48CBDDFF56FEC3FDBD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. ‘ Sokotra: Hadibu plain’ [ca. 12 ° 39 ′ N 54 ° 02 ′ E]. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J (BMNH), labeled: ‘ Type [white printed label with red border]; Hadibu Plain Sokotra 10 – 15 Dec. 98 W. R. O. Grant 99 – 85 [white label] ’. Additional material examined (444 spec.). YEMEN: Socotra: Shuab Loc., Coast Line, Mangrove, 24. iii. 2009, Saldaitis leg. (2 JJ 1 ♀ IRSN); Qalansiyah env., Khayrha mts., N slopes, N 12 ° 38 ′ 50 ″ E 53 ° 27 ′ 45 ″, 85 – 592 m [GPS], 9. – 10. xii. 2003, D. Král leg. (3 JJ 6 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); same data, but P. Kabátek leg. (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC); same data, but Jan Farkač leg. (9 JJ 1 ♀♀ CULS; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); Qalansiyah env., Ditwah (lagoon), N 12 ° 41 ′ 42 ″ E 53 ° 30 ′ 08 ″ [GPS], 23 m, 9. xii. 2003, David Král leg. (2 JJ NMPC); Calanthia, 29. – 30. iii. 2001, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (1 ♀ CULS); 30 km E from Qalansiya, 6. iii. 2008, A. Saldaitis leg. (1 J IRSN); Wadi Ayhaft, N 12 ° 36 ′ 38 ″ E 53 ° 58 ′ 49 ″ [GPS], 190 m, 24. – 26. xi. 2003, David Král leg. (2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC); Wadi Ayhaft, N 12 ° 36 ′ 5 ″ E 53 ° 58 ′ 9 ″, 200 m, 7. – 8. xi. 2010, J. Bezděk leg. (2 ♀♀ JBCB; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); same data, but L. Purchart leg. (2 ♀♀ NMPC); same data, but J. Hájek leg. (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC); Wadi Ayaft, at light, 26. x. 2010, Ron Felix leg. (2 JJ 1 ♀ RBCN); Ayhft valley, 22. xi. 2008, Saldaitis leg. (17 JJ 13 ♀♀ IRSN; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); Haghier Mts., Ayhaft loc., 4. iii. 2008, 500 m, A. Saldaitis leg. (1 ♀ IRSN); Haghier Mt., Ayhft valley, 20. iii. 2009, Saldaitis leg. (4 JJ IRSN); Wadi Ayhaft, N 12 ° 36 ′ 38 ″ E 53 ° 58 ′ 49 ″ [GPS], 190 m, 24. – 26. xi. 2003, Jan Farkač leg. (7 JJ 12 ♀♀ CULS; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); Hadiboh env., N 12 ° 65 ′ 02 ″ E 54 ° 02 ′ 04 ″ [GPS], ca 10 – 100 m, 21. xi. – 12. xii. 2003, P. Kabátek leg. (1 J NMPC); Lahas, 17. xi. 2000, B. Pražan leg. (9 JJ 1 ♀ CULS); Lahas, 17. – 18. xi. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (1 J CULS); Lahas, N 12 ° 64.6 ′ E 54 ° 09.1 ′ [GPS], 69 m, 17. – 18. xi. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (13 JJ 8 ♀♀ CULS; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); Di Hamri, N 12 ° 37 ′ 59 ″ E 54 ° 15 ′ 40 ″, 20 m, 27. ii. 2010, L. Purchart leg. (1 ♀ NMPC); Di Hamri env., 01. iii. 2008, A. Saldaitis leg. (2 JJ IRSN); Homhil protected area, N 12 ° 34 ′ 27 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 32 ″ [GPS], 364 m, 28. – 29. xi. 2003, P. Kabátek leg. (18 JJ 12 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ SZCM); same data, but David Král leg. (3 JJ 5 ♀♀ NMPC); Homhil, 23. – 24. ii. 2009, P. Lo Cascio & F. Grita leg. (1 J PLCL); Homhil area, N 12 ° 34 ′ 25 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 53 ″, 400 – 510 m, at light, 9. – 10. ii. 2010, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral leg. (1 J NMPC); Homhil protected area, N 12 ° 34 ′ 27 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 32 ″ [GPS], 364 m, 28. – 29. xi. 2003, Jan Farkač leg. (1 J 1 ♀ CULS); Hamadero, 20. – 21. xi. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (1 J CULS); Homhil (= Hamaderon), N 12 ° 58.7 ′ E 54 ° 30.2 ′ [GPS], 330 m, 20. – 21. xi. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (13 JJ 7 ♀♀ CULS; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); W Da’arho 21. ii. 2009, P. Lo Cascio & F. Grita leg. (1 ♀ PLCL); Firmihin, N 12 ° 47.4 ′ E 54 ° 01.5 ′ [GPS], 530 m, x. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (4 JJ 2 ♀♀ CULS; 2 JJ SZCM); Delisha vill. env., N 12 ° 41.2 ′ E 54 ° 07.7 ′, 36 m, Jatropha unicostata shrubland, at light, 8. vi. 2012, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. (1 J NMPC); Zemhon area, N 12 ° 30.58 ′ E 054 ° 06.39 ′, 270 – 300 m, 16 – 17.6.2010, V. Hula leg. (8 JJ 7 ♀♀ JBCB; 33 JJ 20 ♀♀ NMPC; 4 JJ 3 ♀♀ SZCM); same data, at light, 3. – 4. ii. 2010, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral leg. (2 ♀♀ NMPC); Aloove area, Hassan vill. env., N 12 ° 31.2 ′ E 54 ° 07.4 ′, 221 m, 9. – 10. xi. 2010, J. Bezděk leg. (26 JJ 7 ♀♀ JBCB; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); same data, but L. Purchart leg. (6 JJ 3 ♀♀ NMPC); same data, but J. Hájek leg. (3 JJ 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); same data, but J. Batelka leg. (13 JJ 7 ♀♀ NMPC); Aloove area, Aloove vill. env., N 12 ° 31.2 ′ E 54 ° 07.4 ′, 221 m, Jatropha unicostata shrubland with Boswellia elongata trees, 19. – 20. vi. 2012, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. (10 JJ 11 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ SZCM); Noged plain, Qaareh (waterfall), N 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″ [GPS], 57 m, 5. – 6. xii. 2003, D. Král leg. (2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); Noged, N 12 ° 31.8 ′ E 53 ° 67.8 ′ [GPS], 250 m, 12. – 13. xi. 2000, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (1 J 1 ♀ CULS); Dixam plateau, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, N 12 ° 28.6 ′ E 54 ° 01.1 ′, 490 m, 14. – 15. vi. 2012, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J NMPC); Noged plain: Wadi Ireeh, N 12 ° 23 ′ 11 ″ E 53 ° 59 ′ 47 ″ [GPS], 95 m, 6. – 7. xii. 2003, Jan Farkač leg. (14 JJ 17 ♀♀ CULS; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ SZCM); Wadi Faar, N 12 ° 43.3 ′ E 54 ° 19.5 ′ [GPS], 69 m, 1. iv. 2001, V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg. (2 ♀♀ CULS; 1 ♀ SZCM). Additions to the original description. Habitus (Figs. 105 – 106); body length 6.0 – 10.0 mm (for a photo of the holotype see ZOIA 2012) Prothorax usually with a small, oblong median impunctate area. Scutellum (Fig. 7) moderately wide, nearly rectangular, with lateral sides almost straight and feebly widened from base toward rear, distal border curved, or with very wide angle in middle. Elytral punctation finer than on prothorax, dense, confuse, partially confluent, with exception of three more or less evident longitudinal thin stripes with finer punctures and smooth surface. Notosternal suture evident and deep anteriorly, scarcely visible posteriorly. Claws bifid starting from their midlength, with short inner tooth. Aedeagus as in Figs. 1 – 2. Spermatheca as in Fig. 5; coxites (Fig. 6) moderately sclerotized in their distal portion, spiculum ventrale moderately long and thin, vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFBABD48CBDDFF56FEC3FDBD.taxon	discussion	Comments. The species is also reported from Abd el Kuri by GAHAN (1903). I had not the opportunity to examine material from that island, nevertheless the assertion that ‘ the examples ... differ slightly from those found in Socotra, in as much as they show no trace of the coppery tint present on the upperside in the latter’ gives rise to doubts that they might belong to a different species.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD48CBF3FD16FDBAFAEA.taxon	description	(Figs. 15 – 18, 107 – 108)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD48CBF3FD16FDBAFAEA.taxon	materials_examined	Type localities. Eryxia grandis: ‘ Env. d´Aden’; Falsonerissus arabicus: ‘ Aden’. Type material. Eryxia grandis: LECTOTYPE (by present designation): J, ‘ Aden [handwritten white label]; Type [printed white label]; Eryxia grandis Ed. Lef. [white handwritten label]; Ex Musaeo Lefèvre 1894 [printed white label]; Museum Paris 1952 Coll. R. Oberthür [white printed label]; Syntype [printed red label]; MNHN EC 2230 [printed white label]; Lectotypus Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) grande (Lefèvre, 1890) S. Zoia des. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (MNHN). PARALECTOTYPES: 1 ♀, ‘ Aden, ex Musaeo Lefèvre 1894, Museum Paris 1952 Coll. R. Oberthür, Eryxia grandis Lefèvre A. Mantilleri det. 2011, Syntype, MNHN EC 2229 ’ (MNHN); 1 ♀, ‘ Abyssinie Raffray, Ex Musaeo Lefèvre 1894, Museum Paris 1952 Coll. R. Oberthür, Eryxia grandis Lefèvre A. Mantilleri det. 2011, Syntype, MNHN EC 2231 ’ (MNHN). Falsonerissus arabicus: HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Aden Arab. II [handwritten white label]; Type [handwritten red label]; Type [printed red label]; Falsonerissus arabicus n. sp. [handwritten white label] ’ (MNHN). Additional material examined (1 spec.). YEMEN: Al Hudaydah prov., Wadi Bura, 28. iii. 2009, 1 J, A. Saldaitis leg. (IRSN).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD48CBF3FD16FDBAFAEA.taxon	discussion	Comments. The number of the syntypes of Eryxia grandis is unknown. I designate a lectotype to fix the identity of this species, as available taxonomic works do not allow an unambiguous identification of specimens. A female specimen from the original type series from Abyssinia differs in several aspects from the other specimens of C. (F.) grande grande and possibly has to be assigned to a different species.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD46CA42FAC7FDA5FB5D.taxon	description	(Figs. 8 – 14, 109 – 110, 140)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD46CA42FAC7FDA5FB5D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain (sand dunes), Sharet Halma vill. env., 12 ° 21.9 ′ N, 54 ° 05.3 ′ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain (sand dunes), Sharet Halma vill. env., 12 ° 21.9 ′ N, 54 ° 05.3 ′ E, 20 m, 10 - 11. xi. 2010, L. Purchart lgt. [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) grande ssp. insulare n. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (64 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Delisha vill. env., 8. vi. 2012, Jatropha unicostata shrubland, at light, 12 ° 41.2 ′ N, 54 ° 07.7 ′ E, 36 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 ♀ JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Sheq vill. env., 8. vi. 2012, Croton socotranus + Jatropha unicostata shrubland, 12 ° 39.7 ′ N, 54 ° 03.8 ′ E, 15 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island E, Kesa env., 220 - 300 m, N 12 ° 39 ′ 37 ″, E 53 ° 26 ′ 42 ″, 28 - 29. i. 2010, L. Purchart lgt’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., 4 - 5. vi. 2010, Qualentiah env., slopes 5 km SE from Quaysoh, N 12 ° 39.691 ′, E 053 ° 26.658 ′, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Socotra, dint. Detwa lagoon, 26. II. 09, leg. P. Lo Cascio & F. Grita’ (1 ♀ PLCL); ‘ N Sokotra, isld., Qadab loc., 25 – III – 2009, Leg. Saldaitis / Achat Saldaitis I. G. 31.268 ’ (1 ♀ IRSN); ‘ Sokotra Island N, Haghier Mts. Ayhaft loc., 04 – III – 2008 h – 500 m I. G. 31.496 / Leg. A. Saldaitis’ (1 ♀ IRSN); ‘ N Sokotra Isld., Haghier Mt. Ayhft valley, 20 – III – 2009 / I. G. 31.268, Leg. Saldaitis / Achat Saldaitis’ (1 ♀ IRSN); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Wadi Ayhaft, 12 ° 36.5 ′ N, 53 ° 58.9 ′ E, 200 m, J. Bezděk leg., 7 - 8. xi. 2010 ’ (1 ♀ JBCB); same data, but Jiři Hájek leg. (1 J, NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Lahas, GPS 12.646 N, 54.091 E, 69 m, 17. - 18. xi. 2000, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J, JBCB; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Sokotra Island N, Di Hamri env., 01 – III – 2008 – I. G. 31.496, Leg. A. Saldaitis’ (1 ♀ IRSN); ‘ Yemen, Socotra, Gabbach di-Net, 28. x. 2010, at light, Ron Felix’ (1 J 1 ♀ RBCN); ‘ W Sokotra, Shuab Loc., Coast Line, Mangrove, 24 – III – 2009 / I. G. 31.268, Leg. Saldaitis / Achat Saldaitis’ (5 JJ 8 ♀♀ IRSN; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, ca. 3 km NE of Shuab, Avicennia marina mangrove; sand dunes, 20. - 21. vi. 2012, 12 ° 34.1 ′ N, 53 ° 23.9 ′ E, 3 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Halla area, Arher, freshwater spring in sand dune, 9. - 10. + 15. vi. 2012, 12 ° 33.0 ′ N 54 ° 27.6 ′ E, 5 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (2 JJ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Kaza Kazihon vill. env., 12 ° 31 ′ 13 ″ N, 53 ° 55 ′ 36 ″ E, 900 m, 5. vi. 2012, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J NMPC; 1 J JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain, Abataro, border of sand dunes and shrubland, 12. - 13. vi. 2012, 12 ° 22.1 ′ N, 54 ° 03.4 ′ E, 20 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J JBCB; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Neet, x. 2000, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Hhalmi beach, N 12 ° 21.324 ′, E 54 ° 04.780 ′, 16. VI. 2009, V. Hula lgt. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC); same data, but L. Purchart lgt. (1 J JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain (sand dunes), Sharet Halma vill. env., 12 ° 21.9 ′ N, 54 ° 05.3 ′ E, 20 m, 10 - 11. xi. 2010, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 J, SZCM); same data, but J. Bezděk leg. (1 ♀ JBCB); same data, but J. Batelka leg. (1 J NMPC); ‘ Sokotra isld., Ayhft valley, 22 – XI – 2008, Leg. Saldaitis / I. G. 31.268, Achat Saldaitis’ (1 ♀ IRSN; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Sharet Halma vill. env., 12 ° 21.9 ′ N, 54 ° 05.3 ′ E, 20 m, Jiří Hájek leg., 10 - 11. xi. 2010 ’ (1 J NMPC); ‘ Sokotra Island N, Haghier Mts h – 900 m, Near Dicksam loc., 05 – III – 2008 I. G. 31.496 Leg. A. Saldaitis’ (1 ♀ IRSN); ‘ Yemen W Socotra Isl. 6. - 24. ix. 1999, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J 2 ♀♀ CULS).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD46CA42FAC7FDA5FB5D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 109 – 110; body length of holotype 5.2 mm, of paratypes 5.1 – 6.3 mm (JJ), 5.1 – 7.1 mm (♀♀). Body dark brown to black; head, pronotum and elytra brown, usually with feeble metallic bronze reflections which are sometimes more evident, head and pronotum darker; labrum and palpi reddish; antennae reddish at base, usually darkened starting from antennomere V or VI; mandibles dark brown to black; legs dark brown. Frons weakly convex, with confuse punctures and relatively long silvery pubescence; clypeus not divided from frons, with finer and more spaced punctures and shorter pubescence. Antennomere I one fourth longer than antennomere II and nearly twice as wide; antennomere II 2.5 times longer than wide, feebly bent; antennomere III one third longer than antennomere II; antennomeres IV and V slightly shorter than antennomere III and longer than antennomere VI; antennomeres VII – X feebly widened, antennomere VII slightly longer than the following ones; antennomeres VI – X 1.6 – 1.7 times longer than wide; antennomere XI nearly 2.5 times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.6 – 1.7 (JJ), 1.7 – 1.8 (♀♀) times wider than long (2.4 × 1.4 mm in holotype), at base nearly as wide as or little wider than at distal border; sides regularly arched and margined throughout, widest in middle; surface densely punctate, sometimes with longitudinal not punctured short stripe on disc; surface between punctures smooth and shiny, narrower than diameter of punctures; pubescence moderately long, fine, silvery, in large part recumbent. Scutellum wider than long, rounded distally (Fig. 14), pubescent. Hypomeron punctured throughout, with moderately long pubescence; prosternum with moderately long pubescence; mesepimera bare, not punctured; metanepisterna five times longer than wide, with short pubescence. Elytra oblong, 1.3 times longer than wide at humeri (3.6 × 2.7 mm in holotype), feebly impressed dorsally in basal fifth; sides subparallel in basal half (J) or feebly widened toward rear till three fourths of their length (♀), then regularly curved to elytral apices, which are in right angle; humeri weakly prominent; punctation slightly finer than on pronotum, irregular, finer on apical slope; pubescence shorter than on pronotum, fine, suberect. Epipleura gradually tapering toward rear, reaching elytral apices. Legs moderately long; femora with very small median tooth, sometimes unarmed, moderately swollen; tibiae nearly straight, sometimes protibiae feebly bent; pro – and mesotarsomere I feebly widened in J. Claws bifid, starting from their midlength, with short internal tooth. Abdomen dorsally poorly sclerotized, with exception of last visible segment. Aedeagus as in Figs. 8 – 9. Spermatheca as in Fig. 12; coxites (Fig. 13) moderately sclerotized in their distal portion, spiculum ventrale moderately long and thin, vagina without any sclerotization. Variability. Some examined specimens (Socotra: Gabbach di-Net and Sharet Halma vill.) show a shorter and more recumbent dorsal pubescence and shorter antennomeres, although other characteristics (genitalia included) perfectly match with those of specimens from other localities.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD46CA42FAC7FDA5FB5D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) grande insulare subsp. nov. is characterized by shorter antennomeres VII – XI (twice longer than wide in C. (F.) grande grande), stronger punctation of the pronotum, elytral sides subparallel in the proximal half (feebly widened toward rear in the basal half in C. (F.) grande grande) and apex of aedeagus more elongated (Figs. 8 – 9, 15 – 16).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB9BD46CA42FAC7FDA5FB5D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name underlines the differentiation of the population of Socotra from the nominal form in Yemen mainland.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB7BD47CA5AFB36FE48FA9D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain Qaareh (waterfall), 12 ° 21.9 ′ N, 54 ° 05.3 ′ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 2003 5 - 6 / xii, Noged plain Qaareh (waterfall), 57 m, N 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″ [GPS], David Král lgt. [printed white label]; Yemen – Soqotra 2003 Expedition; Jan Farkač, Petr Kabátek & David Král [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) distinguendum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (4 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 2003 5 - 6 / xii, Noged plain Qaareh (waterfall), 57 m, N 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″ [GPS], David Král lgt’ (1 J, SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 5. - 6. xii. 2003, Noged plain: Qaareh (waterfall) N 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″, 57 m [GPS], Jan Farkač lgt. ’ (1 J, NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Noged, Mokhar, 31. iii. 2001, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J, JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Lahas, GPS 12.646 N, 54.091 E, 69 m, 17. - 18. xi. 2000, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J, SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB7BD47CA5AFB36FE48FA9D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 111 – 112; body length of holotype 5.6 mm, of paratypes 5.3 – 5.7 mm. Body dark brown; head, pronotum and elytra brown, head and pronotum darker with feeble metallic reflections; labrum, palpi and antennae reddish; mandibles dark brown to black; legs dark brown, with dorsal part of meso – and metafemora paler. Frons weakly convex, with confused and close punctures and relatively long silvery pubescence, punctation is deeper and confluent near clypeus; clypeus convex and with finer punctation. Antennomere I one fourth longer than II and more than twice as wide; antennomere II 2.5 times longer than wide, feebly bent; antennomere III one third longer than II; antennomeres IV and V a little shorter than antennomere III and longer than VI; antennomeres VII – X feebly widened, VII a little longer than the following ones; antennomere XI nearly three times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.7 times wider than long (2.6 × 1.5 mm in holotype), at base nearly as wide as at distal border; sides regularly arched and margined throughout, widest in basal third; surface closely punctate, a paratype with a longitudinal impunctate short stripe on pronotal disc; surface between punctures smooth and bright, narrower than diameter of punctures; pubescence long, fine, silvery, suberected on disc, erected at sides. Scutellum a little wider than long, rounded distally (Fig. 23), pubescent. Hypomeron punctured throughout, with moderately long pubescence; prosternum with long pubescence; mesepimera bare, not punctured; metanepisterna three times longer than wide, pubescent. Elytra oblong, 1.3 times longer than wide at humeri (3.7 × 2.9 mm in holotype), feebly impressed dorsally at basal fifth; sides subparallel in basal half, then regularly curved to apices, which form right angle; humeri poorly prominent; punctation finer than on pronotum, irregular, finer on apical slope; pubescence long, as long as on pronotal sides, fine, erect. Epipleura gradually tapering toward rear, reaching elytral apices. Legs moderately long; femora unarmed, moderately swollen; pro – and mesotibiae feebly bent, metatibiae nearly straight; pro – and mesotarsomere I feebly widened in J. Claws bifid starting from their midlength, with short internal tooth. Abdomen dorsally poorly sclerotized, with exception of last visible segment. Aedeagus as in Figs. 19 – 20. Female unknown.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB7BD47CA5AFB36FE48FA9D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) distinguendum sp. nov. is related to C. (F.) grande and C. (F.) villosum sp. nov., and is mainly characterized by a different shape of the median lobe of aedeagus; length of pubescence of the dorsum is nearly intermediate between those of the mentioned species.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB7BD47CA5AFB36FE48FA9D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name distinguendum (to be distinguished) refers to its likeness to other species of the subgenus Falsonerissus.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB6BD44CA54FAF6FE97FA34.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Homhil area, 12 ° 34 ′ 25 ″ N, 54 ° 18 ′ 53 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE, J (NMPC), labeled: ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island E, Homhil area, 400 - 510 m, N 12 ° 34 ′ 25 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 53 ″, 9 - 10. ii. 2010, at light, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) villosum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’. PARATYPE: ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island E, Homhil area, 400 - 510 m, N 12 ° 34 ′ 25 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 53 ″, 9 - 10. ii. 2010, at light, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt’ (1 J SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB6BD44CA54FAF6FE97FA34.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 113 – 114; body length of holotype 6.6 mm, of paratype 7.2 mm. Body dark brown; head, pronotum and elytra brown, head and pronotum darker with feeble metallic reflections; labrum and palpi reddish; antennae reddish at base, darkened starting from antennomere IV (holotype) or antennomere V (paratype); mandibles black; legs dark brown. Frons weakly convex, feebly impressed in middle, with confused and close punctures and relatively long silvery pubescence; punctation confluent near clypeus; clypeus almost flat in holotype, feebly convex in paratype, and with punctation as strong as on frons. Antennomere I one fourth longer than antennomere II and more than twice as wide; antennomere II 2.5 times longer than wide, feebly bent; antennomere III one third longer than II; antennomeres IV and V nearly as long as antennomere III and longer than VI; antennomeres VII – X feebly widened, VII a little longer than the following ones; antennomere XI nearly three times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.6 times wider than long (2.9 × 1.8 mm in holotype), at base only little wider than at distal border; sides regularly arched and margined throughout, widest in midlength; surface strongly and densely punctate; punctures close to each other but not confluent, surface between punctures smooth and bright; pubescence long, fine, silvery, suberect on disc, erect on sides. Scutellum a little wider than long, rounded distally (Fig. 28), pubescent. Hypomeron punctured throughout, with moderately long pubescence; prosternum with long pubescence; mesepimera bare, not punctured; metanepisterna three times longer than wide, pubescent. Elytra oblong, 1.4 times longer than wide at humeri (4.6 × 3.3 mm in holotype), feebly impressed in basal fifth; sides subparallel in basal half, then regularly curved to apices, which form right angle; humeri weakly prominent; punctation finer than on pronotum, irregular, finer on apical slope; pubescence long, on elytral sides clearly longer than on pronotal sides, fine, erect. Epipleura gradually tapering to rear, reaching elytral apices. Legs moderately long; femora unarmed, moderately swollen; protibiae feebly bent, meso – and metatibiae nearly straight; pro- and mesotarsomere I poorly widened. Claws bifid starting from their midlength, with short internal tooth. Abdomen dorsally poorly sclerotized, with exception of last visible segment. Aedeagus as in Figs. 24 – 25. Female unknown.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB6BD44CA54FAF6FE97FA34.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) villosum is related to C. (F.) grande and C. (F.) distinguendum sp. nov., and characterized by very long dorsal pubescence and different shape of median lobe of aedeagus.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB6BD44CA54FAF6FE97FA34.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name villosum (hairy) refers to the relatively long setae covering the dorsum in this species.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB4BD45CA41FF56FBE2FA3F.taxon	description	1 Claws simple, arcuate; antennomere XI reddish; femora and tibiae clearly bicolored; dorsum with very short and dense pubescence; habitus as in Figs. 115 – 116; length 5.7 – 8.9 mm. ................................................................................................. C. (C.) austerum sp. nov. – Claws bifid, the inner tooth more or less short; other characters different. ..................... 2 2 Hypomeron shiny, with only a few punctures on margins, bare; dorsum uniformly metallic dark blue, more rarely green; habitus as in Figs. 121 – 122; length 4.3 – 5.7 mm. ............... ............................................................................................ C. (C.) atrocyaneum sp. nov. – Hypomeron punctured throughout. ................................................................................. 3 3 Punctures of pronotum and elytra more superficial, surface pubescent at least on sides of pronotum and elytra. ........................................................................................................ 5 – Pronotum and elytra with strong and dense punctation, bare. ......................................... 4 4 Dorsum dark, metallic, unicolored; legs reddish, dark, with more or less evident metallic hue; claws bifid in about their midlength, with inner tooth short; habitus as in Figs. 119 – 120; length 3.6 – 4.9 mm. .................................................................. C. (C.) purcharti sp. nov. – Head and pronotum metallic green, elytra yellowish; legs yellowish; claws appendiculate, shortly divided in about their midlength; habitus as in Figs. 129 – 130; length 5.0 – 5.8 mm. ................................................................................................ C. (C.) hajeki sp. nov. 5 Elytral punctation fine and superficial, surface nearly bare on elytral disc, with fine pubescence on sides; elytral side (♀) with a raised carina going from humerus to apical slope (Fig. 36); large part of legs reddish; habitus as in Figs. 117 – 118; length 9.3 mm. ............ .............................................................................................. C. (C.) unicostatum sp. nov. – Elytral surface more strongly punctate, pubescent throughout; elytral side with a low, rounded carina, which starts from humeral callus and reaches apical slope (Fig. 72); a second, shorter carina is near elytral apex; legs metallic. ............................................... 6 6 Punctation in the middle of the frons moderately strong, dense and scarcely confluent; punctures on the pronotal disc more superficial, surface between two punctures usually wider than diameter of a puncture, shiny; elytral pubescence short, uniform, evident; apex of aedeagus as in Fig. 59; habitus as in Figs. 123 – 124; length 5.5 – 8.0 mm. ..................... ..................................................................... C. (C.) brevepilosum brevepilosum sp. nov. – Punctation in the middle of the frons strong, dense, largely confluent; punctures on the pronotal disc stronger, surface between two punctures narrower than diameter of a puncture; elytral pubescence very short, on the disc scarcely exceeding the depth of the punctures; apex of aedeagus as in Fig. 66; habitus as in Figs. 127 – 128; length 5.8 – 6.8 mm. ............ ................................................................... C. (C.) brevepilosum maritimum subsp. nov. – Punctation in the middle of the frons strong, dense, largely confluent; punctures on pronotal disc stronger, surface between two punctures narrower than diameter of a puncture; elytral pubescence short, uniform, evident; apex of aedeagus as in Fig. 63; habitus as in Figs. 125 – 126; length 5.7 mm (J). ............. C. (C.) brevepilosum orientale subsp. nov.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB3BD43CA89FF56FC36FD3D.taxon	description	(Figs. 29 – 34, 115 – 116, 141)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB3BD43CA89FF56FC36FD3D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Firmihin, 12 ° 28 ′ 27 ″ N, 54 ° 0 ′ 54 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Firmihin, 400 - 500 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 27 ″, E 54 ° 0 ′ 54 ″, 6. - 7. ii. 2010, at light, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma austerum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (4 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Zemhon area, 270 - 300 m, N 12 ° 30.58 ′, E 054 ° 06.39 ′, 16. - 17. vi. 2010, V. Hula leg. ’ (1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Sokotra Islan N, Haghier Mts. Ayhaft loc., 04 – III – 2008, h – 500 m, I. G. 31.496 / Leg. A. Saldaitis’ (1 J, IRSN); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Zerik, 25. - 27. iii. 2001, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J NMPC; 1 J JBCB).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB3BD43CA89FF56FC36FD3D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 115 – 116; body length of holotype 8.9 mm, of paratypes 5.7 – 7.7 mm (JJ), 7.2 mm (♀). Body metallic green, ventrites reddish along median line (partially immature specimens?); coxae reddish; head (dorsally), pronotum and elytra dark, with evident cupreous and green metallic reflections on head and distal part of pronotum, less evident on elytra; labrum reddish, mandibles black, palpi yellowish; antennomeres I – IV (or V) reddish, antennomeres V (VI) – IX (X) more or less widely black, antennomere XI reddish; legs reddish with distal part of femora, base and apex of tibiae and tarsi black. Frons nearly flat, on whole surface with confused strong and close punctures, and fine, moderately long pubescence; clypeus almost flat, smooth, with a few very fine punctures, bare; last palpomere conical, nearly one third longer than penultimate. Antennomere I one third longer than II and nearly twice as wide; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III two times longer than II and 4 times longer than wide; antennomeres IV – VI little longer than III; antennomeres VII – X dull, poorly widened, VII longer than following ones; antennomere XI slightly longer than X in J, nearly as long as X in ♀. Pronotum 1.8 times wider than long in J (4.3 × 2.4 mm in holotype), 2 times wider than long in ♀, at base clearly wider than at distal border; sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal third; angles prominent, tooth-like, with bristle; surface strongly and densely punctate, punctures partially confluent, two small raised smooth not punctured areas present in basal third of disc; feeble impression of surface present distally along median line; base of pronotum bisinuate; pubescence short, dense, fine, golden, suberected. Scutellum wider than long, rounded distally (Fig. 34), bare, not punctured. Hypomeron punctured throughout, with moderately long pubescence; distal border of prosternum concave and strongly margined in middle, almost straight on sides; prosternum clearly divided by deep notosternal suture from the hypomeron; prosternum nearly 1.5 times longer than wide between procoxae, convex along median line, closely and finely punctured, with moderately long setae. Mesepimera with few short setae, not punctured; metanepisterna 3.5 times longer than wide, pubescent. Mesoventrite narrower than prosternum between coxae, pubescent; metaventrite nearly as wide as mesoventrite, pubescent, its distal border concave. Elytra oblong, 1.3 – 1.4 times longer than wide at humeral level (6.2 × 4.9 mm in holotype); elytra impressed in basal fifth, laterally with another oblong impression reaching elytral slope, externally limited by low carina; sides subparallel in basal half, then regularly curved to apices, which form right angle; humeri prominent, covering elytral sides in dorsal view; punctation bigger than on pronotum, irregular, unpunctured thin longitudinal stripe evident on each elytron (Figs. 33, 115); pubescence short, golden, close, suberected, equal on whole elytral surface (Fig. 33). Epipleura nearly perpendicular to elytral surface, wide at base and reaching the elytral apices, pubescent. Legs long and slender; femora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight; tarsomeres slender; protarsomere I in J widened, nearly 1.4 times longer than wide. Claws simple. Abdomen dorsally poorly sclerotized, with exception of last visible segment; abdominal ventrites pubescent throughout. Aedeagus as in Figs. 29 – 30. Spermatheca as in Fig. 32; coxites short, subcylindrical, moderately sclerotized; spiculum ventrale long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB3BD43CA89FF56FC36FD3D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Colasposoma) austerum sp. nov. is of large size, with a peculiar habitus and the following combination of characters: simple claws, oblong antennomeres, elongated legs with straight and slender tibiae. Somewhat resembling C. (C.) varicolor Fairmaire, 1887 from eastern Africa, but differing in the above mentioned characters and color.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB3BD43CA89FF56FC36FD3D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name ‘ austere’ refers to the dark coloration of the dorsum.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB2BD40CA46FC96FB8AFB1D.taxon	description	(Figs. 35 – 36, 117 – 118, 143)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB2BD40CA46FC96FB8AFB1D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Al Haghier Mts., wadi Madar, 12 ° 33.2 ′ N, 54 ° 00.4 ′ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♀, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Al Haghier Mts., wadi Madar, 1180 - 1230 m, 12 ° 33.2 ′ N 54 ° 00.4 ′ E, P. Hlaváč leg. 12 - 14. xi. 2010 [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) unicostatum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB2BD40CA46FC96FB8AFB1D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 117 – 118; body length 9.3 mm. Body black, prosternum, meso – and metaventrite with cupreous metallic hue; head, pronotum and elytra dark, with some metallic reflections: cupreous on head, sides of pronotum, scutellum and elytral base and sides, mainly metallic green on elytral disc; labrum dark, mandibles black, palpi yellowish; antennae reddish, antennomeres VII – XI somewhat darkened; legs reddish, knees somewhat darkened, tarsi black. Frons with weak median impression, on whole surface with confused fine and close punctures, surface between punctures with very fine microreticulation; frons almost bare in middle, with fine pubescence on sides; clypeus not separated from frons, punctured, bare, anterior border concave. Two apical palpomeres reddish, oblong, penultimate a little shorter than last one, 1.5 times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly twice as long and nearly twice as wide as II; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III twice as long as antennomere I and 3 times longer than wide; antennomeres IV – V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter; antennomeres VII – X dull, weakly widened, VII longer than the following ones; antennomere XI nearly as long as X. Pronotum 2.2 times wider than long (4.0 × 1.8 mm); sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal third; angles poorly prominent, tooth-like, with bristle; surface with fine and confused punctation, punctures stronger and confluent into short striae on pronotal sides; pubescence very short and fine, hardly visible. Scutellum wider than long, rounded, punctured. Hypomeron with strong and spaced punctures, bare; distal border of prosternum almost straight on sides, concave in middle, margined; prosternum divided from hypomeron by deep suture; prosternum in midline nearly as long as wide between procoxae, feebly convex transversally, finely punctate-rugose, with very fine hyaline pubescence. Mesoventrite narrower than prosternum between coxae, its distal edge straight, surface finely punctured, finely rugose, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, bare. Metaventrite finely punctured, with fine pubescence, distal border concave between coxae; metacoxae nearly as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly 3.5 times longer than wide, with very fine and close pubescence. Elytra oblong, 1.4 times longer than wide at humeri (6.9 × 5 mm); smooth tubercle near basal edge separated from humeral callus and limited distally by semicircular impression; strong carina from humerus to apical slope, limited on both sides by oblong impressions (Fig. 36); elytral apices in right angle; humeri moderately prominent, carinate, scarcely covering elytral sides in dorsal view; punctation fine, superficial and spaced on the elytral disc, stronger on elytral sides and apices; pubescence very fine and short, hardly visible. Epipleura wide, strongly angulated with elytral surface, subparallel proximally, gradually tapering along their distal half length, with very short and fine pubescence. Legs long and slender; femora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight; tarsomeres slender. Claws appendiculate. Dorsal side of abdomen scarcely sclerotized, with exception of pygidium which is subtriangular, with rounded apex, punctate and finely rugose in distal half, finely pubescent; abdominal ventrites finely punctured and pubescent; Spermatheca as in Fig. 35; coxites short, subcylindrical, more sclerotized at base; spiculum ventrale long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization. Male unknown.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB2BD40CA46FC96FB8AFB1D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. A species of Colasposoma (Colasposoma) of relatively large size, seemingly with no close relatives among known species; the habitus, somewhat resembling Galerucinae in appearance, with relatively small head and prothorax and finely punctate and large elytra, characterizes the species. Appearance of elytra somewhat reminds of Colasposoma (C.) zavattarii Pic, 1938 from Ethiopia, which clearly differs in any other aspect (a photo of the type of C. (C.) zavattarii is in ZOIA 2012).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB2BD40CA46FC96FB8AFB1D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the single longitudinal carina present on each elytron.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB1BD5ECA78FB76FDCFFBFD.taxon	description	(Figs. 37 – 44, 119 – 120, 143)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB1BD5ECA78FB76FDCFFBFD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Firmihin, 12 ° 28 ′ 27.9 ″ N, 54 ° 0 ′ 54.2 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin, 400 - 500 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 27.9 ″, E 54 ° 0 ′ 54.2 ″, 22. - 25. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) purcharti n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (73 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., Homhil protected area, 28. - 29. xi. 2003, N 12 ° 34 ′ 27 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 32 ″, 364 m [GPS], leg. P. Kabátek’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, wadi Ayhaft, 12 ° 36.5 ′ N, 53 ° 58.9 ′ E, 7 - 8. xi. 2010, L. Purchart lgt’ (1 ♀ JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, wadi Ayhaft, 12 ° 36.5 ′ N, 53 ° 58.9 ′ E, 200 m, J. Bezděk leg., 7 - 8. xi. 2010 ’ (1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen. Socotra Island, Hagher Mts, wadi Madar, montane shrubland with Cephalocroton socotranus, 18. vi. 2012, 12 ° 33.2 ′ N, 54 ° 00.4 ′ E, 1170 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (4 JJ 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J JBCB; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, wadi Zerig, 2. vi. 2012, 12 ° 29.6 ′ N, 53 ° 59.5 ′ E, 655 m, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (13 JJ 9 ♀♀ NMPC; 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ JBCB; 4 JJ 4 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, wadi Zerig, pools, Juncus marsh; Dracaena trees; cave, 13. - 14. vi. 2012, 12 ° 29.6 ′ N, 53 ° 59.5 ′ E, 655 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (8 JJ 4 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ JBCB; 2 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen. Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 14. - 15. vi. 2012, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, 12 ° 28.6 ’ N, 54 ° 01.1 ” E, 490 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Shibhon, 680 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 1.5 ″, E 53 ° 58 ′ 31.4 ″, 13. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (2 ♀♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Zemhon area, 270 - 300 m, N 12 ° 30.58 ′, E 054 ° 06.39 ′, 16. - 17.6.2010, V. Hula leg. ’ (1 J, NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., 4. - 5. vi. 2010, Qualentiah env., slopes 5 km SE from Quaysoh, N 12 ° 39.691 ′, E 053 ° 26.658 ′, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J, JBCB; 1 J, SZCM); ‘ Sokotra isld., Ayhft valley, 22 – XI – 2008, Leg. Saldaitis / I. G. 31.268 Achat A. Saldaitis’ (2 JJ, IRSN; 1 J, SZCM); ‘ W Sokotra, Shuab Loc., Coast – Line, Mangrove, 24 – III – 2009 / I. G. 31.268, Leg. Saldaitis, Achat Saldaitis’ (1 J, IRSN).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB1BD5ECA78FB76FDCFFBFD.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 119 – 120; body length of holotype 4.0 mm, of paratypes 3.6 – 4.6 mm (JJ), 3.6 – 4.9 mm (♀♀). Body dark metallic cupreous with some greenish reflections, seldom completely green; head, pronotum and elytra dark, metallic, with some cupreous (dorsum) and greenish (mostly on head and elytral sides) reflections, seldom totally metallic green; labrum reddish, mandibles black, palpi yellowish; antennae reddish, antennomeres VII – XI slightly darkened; legs, including tarsi, dark reddish, with some metallic reflections. Frons regularly convex, on whole surface with confused, moderately strong punctures and fine pubescence, surface between punctures smooth, shiny; punctation stronger and confluent between eyes; clypeus not separated from frons, bare, with punctation finer than on frons, its distal border concave. Two apical palpomeres oblong, penultimate nearly two thirds of ultimate in length, 1.5 times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.5 times as long as II and nearly twice as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as I and more than 3 times longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, VII a little longer than the following ones; antennomere XI one fourth longer than X. Pronotum 1.8 – 1.9 times wider than long (2.2 × 1.2 mm in holotype); sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal third; angles with small tooth with bristle; surface with relatively strong, spaced punctation, punctures stronger and partially confluent on pronotal sides in females; pubescence fine, usually absent on pronotal disc. Scutellum a little wider than long, rounded, punctured, usually bare. Hypomeron with spaced punctures and fine pubescence; distal margin of prosternum almost straight at sides, concave at middle, margined; prosternum separated from hypomeron by deep notosternal suture; prosternum in midline nearly as long as wide between procoxae, almost flat, finely punctate, with long whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite narrower than prosternum between coxae, its distal edge nearly straight, surface finely punctured, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, with fine microreticulation, bare. Metaventrite finely punctured, with long pubescence, distal border concave between metacoxae, incised in middle; metacoxae little more spaced than mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly 3.6 times longer than wide, finely punctured, rugose, with fine and close pubescence. Elytra oblong, only little longer than wide at humeral level (2.5 × 2.4 mm in holotype); surface regularly convex in males, with elytral punctation moderately strong, spaced, partially arranged in longitudinal rows, leaving three narrow, not well defined stripes which are not punctured; surface between punctures smooth, flat, with secondary very fine punctation; in females elytral surface feebly impressed on basal third and with low carina on sides of apical slope (Fig. 44), elytral punctation somewhat stronger than in males, particularly on elytral sides where it is confluent, rugose; apices at right angle; humeri not prominent, smooth, not punctured in males, moderately prominent and with scarcely visible punctation in females; elytral surface bare in both sexes. Epipleura strongly angled with elytral surface, not punctured, bare and smooth, wide at base and gradually tapering to elytral apices. Legs moderately long; femora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half (Fig. 43); pro- and mesotarsomere I – III, and metatarsomere I – II widened in males. Claws bifid in about their midlength, with inner tooth very short. Dorsal side of abdomen scarcely sclerotized, with exception of pygidium which has more or less rounded and pubescent apex; abdominal ventrites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 37 – 38; internal sac without any evident sclerotization. Spermatheca as in Fig. 42; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB1BD5ECA78FB76FDCFFBFD.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Colasposoma) purcharti sp. nov. is a smaller species with dark metallic coloration, related to C. (C.) blandum Weise, 1904 from Kenya, C. (C.) subcostatum Gerstaecker, 1871 from Eastern Africa, and C. (C.) atrocyaneum sp. nov. From C. (C.) blandum, the new species differs mainly in finer punctation of dorsum, shorter elytral carina in female (in C. (C.) blandum, carina starts from the elytral humeri and is made by a series of irregular tubercles), and stronger punctures of hypomera. From C. (C.) subcostatum it mainly differs in smaller size, pubescent metanepisterna, more convex pronotum and stouter antennomeres VI – X. From C. (C.) atrocyaneum sp. nov. it differs in the pubescent and punctured metanepisterna and in smaller body size.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFB1BD5ECA78FB76FDCFFBFD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species after Luboš Purchart (Brno, Czech Republic) who collected a part of the material studied.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFAFBD5CCA8EFBD6FF7EFDBA.taxon	description	(Figs. 45 – 52, 129 – 130, 143)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFAFBD5CCA8EFBD6FF7EFDBA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, Firmihin, 12 ° 28.6 ′ N, 54 ° 01.1 ′ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 14. - 15. vi. 2012, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, 12 ° 28.6 ′ N, 54 ° 01.1 ′ E, 490 m. [printed white label]; Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) hajeki n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (5 spec.): same data as holotype (2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J, JBCB; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM). Description. Habitus as in Figs. 129 – 130; body length of holotype 5.0 – 5.2 mm (JJ), of paratypes 4.8 – 5.8 mm (♀♀). Body red-yellowish, with slightly greenish metallic coloration of hypomerae, meso – and metanepisterna, and partially darkened abdominal ventrites I – IV; head, pronotum and scutellum metallic green, with slightly visible yellowish background; elytra yellowish; labrum reddish, mandibles dark brown, palpi yellowish; antennae reddish, antennomeres VII – XI slightly darkened; legs including tarsi yellowish. Frons nearly flat in middle, on whole surface with confused, moderately strong punctures which are stronger and partially confluent at mid frons, bare; surface between punctures smooth, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, bare, with punctation slightly finer than on frons, its distal border concave. Two apical palpomeres oblong, penultimate nearly four fifths of ultimate one in length, two times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.6 times longer than II and nearly 1.5 times wider, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as I and nearly three times (♀) to four times (J) longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, VII little longer than the following ones; antennomere XI 1.2 times longer than, and as wide as antennomere X. Pronotum 1.9 – 2.0 times wider than long (2.4 × 1.2 mm in holotype); sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal third; angles with small tooth with bristle; surface with relatively strong, partially confluent punctation on pronotal disc, punctures stronger and confluent on pronotal sides, bare. Scutellum almost two times wider than long, rounded, finely punctured at base, bare. Hypomeron with spaced punctures, bare; distal border of prosternum concave, margined; notosternal suture moderately deep, reaching the distal border of hypomeron; prosternum (Fig. 52) in midline nearly 1.7 times as long as wide between procoxae, almost flat, finely punctate, with long thin whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite (Fig. 52) narrower than prosternum between coxae, its distal edge convex, with a light impression in middle, surface with a few fine punctures, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, with fine microsculpture, bare. Metaventrite (Fig. 52) finely punctured, with moderately long thin pubescence, distal border with a small rounded incision in middle; metacoxae nearly as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly 3.6 times longer than wide, punctured, finely rugose, with fine pubescence. Elytra oblong, 1.2 – 1.3 times longer than wide at humeral level (3.6 × 2.9 mm in holotype); surface regularly convex in males, elytral punctation moderately strong and confused; surface between punctures smooth, convex; in females elytral surface feebly impressed on basal third and with low carina on sides of apical slope, punctation on elytral sides trasversally confluent, subrugose (Fig. 50); apices at nearly right angle; humeri moderately prominent, smooth, not punctured, covering elytral border in dorsal view; elytral surface bare. Epipleura impunctate, bare and smooth, gradually tapering to elytral apices. Legs long and slender; femora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half; pro-, meso- and metatarsomere I slightly widened in males. Claws appendiculate, shortly divided in about their midlength with a small acute tooth (Fig. 51). Dorsal side of abdomen scarcely sclerotized, with exception of pygidium which has rounded and pubescent apex; abdominal ventrites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 45 – 46. Spermatheca as in Fig. 49; spermathecal gland distally divided into two small terminal chambers (two dissected specimens); coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFAFBD5CCA8EFBD6FF7EFDBA.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Colasposoma) hajeki sp. nov. is characterized by appendiculate claws and different coloration of pronotum and elytra, with the latter being yellowish, non metallic. The new species somewhat resembles C. (C.) subcostatum Gerstaecker, 1871, described from Tanzania and subsequently reported from other countries of Eastern Africa (Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda / Democratic Republic of Congo border); both species clearly differ in many aspects: claws (which are bifid with a relatively long inner tooth in C. (C.) subcostatum), color and body length (see photos of C. (C.) subcostatum in ZOIA 2012). I observed appendiculate claws in a few African Colasposoma species not related with C. (C.) hajeki; nevertheless the character does not seem to be frequent in this genus. Claw conformation in this genus is rarely described by the authors, yet a careful check of the character in a significant number of species could give useful information for species discrimination and relationships recognition (see also occurrence of simple claws in C. (C.) austerum sp. nov.).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFAFBD5CCA8EFBD6FF7EFDBA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species after Jiří Hájek (NMPC) who collected a part of the material studied and helped me facilitate my studies at the NMPC. Collection circumstances. Three specimens were collected after the twilight sitting on a Dracaena trunk, additional three specimens were collected at light (J. Hájek, pers. comm 2012).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFADBD5ACA64FD16FBF1FD7A.taxon	description	(Figs. 53 – 58, 121 – 122, 141)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFADBD5ACA64FD16FBF1FD7A.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Firmihin plato, Dracaena tree forest, 12 ° 28 ′ 27 ″ N, 54 ° 00 ′ 53 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Republic of Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin plato, Dracena tree forest, N 12 ° 28 ′ 465 ″, E 54 ° 00 ′ 89830 ″ [sic!], V. Hula lgt. 22 - 25.6.2009 [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) atrocyaneum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (145 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Calanthia, 29. - 30. iii. 2001, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (3 JJ 3 ♀♀ CULS; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC, 3 JJ 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, wadi Keso, 120 m a. s. l., Adenium obesum flowers; 12 ° 39 ’ 32 ” N; 53 ° 28 ’ 12 ” E 22. V. 2004 lgt. A. Reiter’ (2 JJ 3 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., Qaariah vill. env., 28. xi. 2003, N 12 ° 38 ′ 05 ″ E 54 ° 12 ′ 39 ″, 11 m [GPS] leg. P. Kabátek’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Homhil protected area, open woodland with Boswellia and Dracaena trees, 10. - 11. vi. 2012, 12 ° 34.5 ′ N, 54 ° 18.5 ′ E, 360 - 500 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl, Zemhon, 260 - 320 m, N 12 ° 32 ′ 17.5 ″, E 54 ° 4 ′ 12.7 ″, 20. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 J NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Mot Zhadeten Dbaha spring, 12 ° 31 ′ 43 ″ N, 54 ° 10 ′ 41 ″ E, 269 m, 6. vi. 2012, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (10 JJ 15 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ JBCB; 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Aloove area, Aloove vill. env., Jatropha unicostata shrubland with Boswellia elongata trees, 19. - 20. vi. 2012, 12 ° 31.2 ′ N, 54 ° 07.4 ′ E, 221 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ‘ (21 JJ 11 ♀♀ NMPC; 3 JJ 2 ♀ JBCB; 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Republic of Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin plato, Dracena tree forest, N 12 ° 28 ′ 465 ″, E 54 ° 00 ′ 89830 ″, V. Hula lgt. 22 - 25.6.2009 ’ (9 JJ 7 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 1 ♀ JBCB; 3 JJ 2 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 14. - 15. vi. 2012, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, 12 ° 28.6 ′ N, 54 ° 01.1 ′ E, 490 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (4 JJ 5 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin, 400 - 500 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 27.9 ″, E 54 ° 0 ′ 54.2 ″, 22 - 25. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Wadi Kilisan, 24. ii. 2008, malaise trap (M 30) ’ (1 ♀ MCSC); ‘ Yemen, S – Socotra Isl., 6. - 24. ix. 1999, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (1 J NMPC).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFADBD5ACA64FD16FBF1FD7A.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 121 – 122; body length of holotype 4.5 mm, of paratypes 4.3 – 5.3 mm (JJ), 4.6 – 5.7 mm (♀♀). Body dark metallic blue or greenish, sometimes with some cupreous reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark blue or dark greenish, metallic; labrum reddish, mandibles black, palpi yellowish, last palpomere somewhat darkened; antennomeres I – V reddish, antennomere VI in large part black, antennomeres VII – XI dull black; legs reddish, apex of tibiae and tarsi usually somewhat darkened. Frons convex proximally, flat distally; whole surface with confused, moderately strong punctures, closer near eyes; fine pubescence present at sides and near clypeus; surface between punctures smooth, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, bare, with punctures gradually finer to distal border, distal border concave. Two apical palpomeres oblong, the penultimate nearly three fourths to four fifths of the ultimate one in length, 1.4 times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.4 times longer than II and nearly twice as wide, feebly bent on the outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as I and more than 3 times longer than wide; antennomere IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI subequal to V, partially dull; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, subequal in length; antennomere XI 1.3 times longer than X. Pronotum 2.1 – 2.2 times wider than long (2.6 × 1.2 mm in holotype); sides arched and margined throughout, more regularly bent in males, widest in basal third; angles with very small tooth bearing bristle, distal angles hardly visible from above; surface with relatively strong, spaced punctation, punctures stronger and partially confluent on pronotal sides in females; surface bare, short pubescence usually present on pronotal sides. Scutellum 1.6 – 1.7 times wider than long, rounded, punctured, bare. Hypomeron shiny, with only few punctures at margins, bare; distal border of prosternum strongly concave on sides (at level of suture at base of hypomerae), regularly concave in middle, margined; prosternum divided from hypomeron by deep suture; prosternum between procoxae little wider than long in midline, almost flat, punctate, with long whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite narrower than prosternum between coxae, its distal edge incised in middle, surface finely punctured, pubescent; mesepimera impunctate, shiny, bare. Metaventrite finely punctured, with long, spaced pubescence, distal border feebly concave between coxae, incised in middle; metacoxae as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly three times longer than wide, punctured, finely rugose, with fine and close pubescence. Elytra nearly as long as wide at humeral level in males (2.9 × 2.9 mm in holotype), 1.2 times longer than wide in females; surface regularly convex in males, with evident subhumeral impression on sides and feeble impression on basal third on sides of disc; elytral punctation moderately strong in males, spaced, partially arranged in longitudinal rows, leaving three narrow, not well defined impunctate stripes; surface between punctures smooth, flat, narrower than diameter of puncture, with some micropunctures; in females, elytral surface with a more evident impression in basal third and rounded carina on sides of apical slope (Fig. 58), elytral punctation on disc as in males, stronger on sides, confluent, moderately rugose; apices at right angle; humeri not prominent, smooth, with very fine punctation in males, prominent and with scarcely visible punctation in females; elytral surface bare in both sexes. Epipleura wide at base, gradually tapering from base to elytral apices, strongly angled with elytral surface, not punctured, bare, smooth, shiny. Legs moderately long; profemora with small, or very small, acute median tooth, meso – and metafemora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half; pro – and mesotarsomeres I – III, and metatarsomere I feebly widened in males. Claws of all legs bifid in about one third of their length, with inner tooth short. Dorsal side of abdomen moderately sclerotized, pygidium sclerotized with apex rounded and pubescent; abdominal sternites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 53 – 54; internal sac without any evident sclerotization. Spermatheca as in Fig. 57; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFADBD5ACA64FD16FBF1FD7A.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Colasposoma (Colasposoma) atrocyaneum sp. nov., related to C. (C.) blandum, C. (C.) subcostatum and C. (C.) purcharti sp. nov., is characterized by dark blue (or green) metallic coloration of the dorsum and by hypomera smooth, punctured only on their sides. From C. (C.) blandum, the new species differs mainly in its legs without metallic hue and in shorter elytral carina in female. It differs from C. (C.) subcostatum mainly in its wider pronotum and shorter elytra, non-metallic legs, and longer and denser pubescence of the metaventrite. From C. (C.) purcharti sp. nov. it differs in bare metanepisterna, punctured only on sides, and in larger body size.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFADBD5ACA64FD16FBF1FD7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the uniform dark blue coloration of nearly all the specimens examined. Collection circumstances. Many specimens were observed and collected feeding on flowers and leaves of Adenium socotranum Vierh. (Apocynaceae) (J. Bezděk, pers. comm. 2012).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	description	(Figs. 59 – 62, 70 – 72, 123 – 124, 142)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Firmihin plato, Dracaena tree forest, 12 ° 28 ′ 27 ″ N, 54 ° 00 ′ 53 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Republic of Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin plato, Dracena tree forest, N 12 ° 28 ′ 465 ″, E 54 ° 00 ′ 89830 ″ [sic!], V. Hula lgt. 22. - 25.6.2009 [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) brevepilosum n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (149 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Aloove area, Aloove vill. env., Jatropha unicostata shrubland with Boswellia elongata trees, 19. - 20. vi. 2012, 12 ° 31.2 ’ N, 54 ° 07.4 ’ E, 221 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J 2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Zemhon area, 270 – 350 m, N 12 ° 30 ′ 58 ″, E 54 ° 06 ′ 39 ″, 3. - 4. ii. 2010, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt. ’ (2 JJ 1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Zemhon area, 270 - 300 m, N 12 ° 30,58 ′, E 054 ° 06,39 ′, 16. - 17.6.2010 V. Hula leg. ’ (43 JJ 13 ♀♀ NMPC; 2 JJ 1 ♀ JBCB; 4 JJ 4 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, wadi Zerig, pools, Juncus marsh; Dracaena trees; cave, 13. - 14. vi. 2012, 12 ° 29.6 ’ N, 53 ° 59.5 ’ E, 655 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (3 JJ 1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, wadi Zerig, 2. vi. 2012, 12 ° 29.6 ’ N, 53 ° 59.5 ’ E, 655 m, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J 2 ♀♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Wadi Zirik, 650 - 670 m, N 12 ° 29 ′ 35.1 ″, E 53 ° 59 ′ 28.5 ″, 16. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Socotra: W. Da’arho, 21. II. 2009, leg. P. Lo Cascio & F. Grita’ (1 J PLCL); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 14. - 15. vi. 2012, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, 12 ° 28.6 ’ N, 54 ° 01.1 ’ E, 490 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (11 JJ 10 ♀♀ NMPC; 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ JBCB; 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Republic of Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin plato, Dracena tree forest, N 12 ° 28 ′ 465 ″, E 54 ° 00 ′ 89830 ″, V. Hula lgt. 22. - 25.6.2009 ’ (8 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin plato, 400 - 500 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 46 ″, E 54 ° 00 ′ 89 ″, 18. – 19. vi. 2010, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ JBCB); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Firmihin, 400 - 500 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 27.9 ″, E 54 ° 0 ′ 54.2 ″, 22. - 25. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra isl., Firmihin, GPS 12.474 N, 54.015 E, 530 m, x. 2000, leg. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný’ (3 JJ 2 ♀♀ CULS; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 2003 2 - 3 / xii, Dixam plateau, Wadi Esgego, 300 m, N 12 ° 28 ′ 09 ″ E 54 ° 00 ′ 36 ″ [GPS], David Král lgt. ’ (2 JJ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 15. + 22. vi. 2012, wadi Dirhor, open woodland with Boswellia ameero trees, 12 ° 28.0 ’ N, 54 ° 00.5 ’ E, 340 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J 2 ♀♀ NMCP); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Shibhon plateau, Eserhe, 13. vi. 2012, Croton socotranus shrubland, 12 ° 25.2 ’ N, 53 ° 56.6 ’ E, 547 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC). Additional material examined. ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Hagher Mts., Skant, N 12 ° 34,557 ′, E 54 ° 01,514 ′, 7. - 8. vi. 2010, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen. Socotra Island, Hagher Mts, Scand Mt. env. montane evergreen woodland, 16. – 18. vi. 2012, 12 ° 34.6 ’ N, 54 ° 01.5 ’ E, 1450 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (2 JJ 3 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen. Socotra Island, Hagher Mts, wadi Madar, montane shrubland with Cephalocroton socotranus, 18. vi. 2012, 12 ° 33.2 ’ N, 54 ° 00.4 ’ E, 1170 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, Tudhen, shrubland with Commiphora planifrons, 18. + 22. vi. 2012, 12 ° 32.7 ′ N, 53 ° 59.9 ′ E, 1135 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (2 JJ 2 ♀♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 123 – 124; body length of holotype 6.3 mm, paratypes 5.5 – 7.3 mm (JJ), 6.1 – 8.0 mm (♀♀). Body dark brown to black with some bronze metallic reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark bronze, metallic; labrum dark brown to black, mandibles black, lightly metallic, palpi yellowish; antennomeres reddish, antennomere I partially metallic dorsally, antennomeres VII – XI dull, somewhat darkened; legs blackish with metallic bronze reflections, last tarsomere usually little paler. Frons feebly convex, with median impression between eyes, bare on whole surface; punctation confused, moderately strong, punctures closer and partially confluent near eyes and sometimes also in median impression of frons; surface between punctures smooth, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, bare, punctate proximally, with fine microreticulation, nearly impunctate distally, distal border concave. Antennomere I nearly 1.6 times longer than II and nearly twice as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as antennomere I and nearly four times longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter than V; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, VII a little longer and wider than the following ones; antennomere X oblong, two times longer than wide; XI 1.3 times longer than X and nearly of the same width. Pronotum 2.2 – 2.3 times wider than long (3.3 × 1.5 mm in holotype); convexity of surface interrupted before distal border by transversal impression, more evident in males; pronotal sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal fourth; base wider than distal border; angles with small tooth bearing bristle, distal corners visible from above; surface with relatively fine, spaced punctation, punctures stronger and partially confluent on pronotal sides; transversal impunctate stripe on basal third of pronotal disc; pubescence fine, relatively short, usually absent on pronotal disc of males. Scutellum 1.5 times wider than long, rounded, punctured, finely pubescent. Hypomeron shiny, with relatively strong and spaced punctation, bare; distal border of prosternum regularly concave throughout, finely margined; prosternum divided from hypomeron by evident notosternal suture, strongly impressed distally; prosternum in midline nearly as long as wide between procoxae, feebly convex, punctate, with long whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite one third narrower than prosternum between coxae, its distal edge feebly incised in middle, surface finely punctured, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, bare. Metaventrite transversely rugose, finely punctured on sides, with long and thin pubescence, distal border shortly incised in middle; metacoxae as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly four times longer than wide, with fine and close pubescence. Elytra 1.1 – 1.3 times longer than wide at humeri (4.4 × 3.9 mm in holotype); surface almost regularly convex in males, with subhumeral impression on sides and feeble impression on sides of the disc in basal third; elytral punctation relatively fine and close in males, stronger and partially confluent only on elytral sides; surface between punctures smooth, flat on elytral disc, distance between two punctures as wide as diameter of puncture; elytral surface in females more evidently impressed in basal third, with rounded lateral carina from humeral callus up to apical slope and with second shorter and lower carina near elytral apex (Fig. 72); elytral punctation somewhat stronger in females than in males, confluent on elytral sides; elytral apices at right angle; humeri lightly prominent in males, more evident in females, finely punctured; pubescence short and thin on disc, more evident on elytral sides. Epipleura wide at base, gradually tapering from base to elytral apices, strongly angulated with elytral surface, not punctured, almost bare, smooth, shiny. Epipleural width subject to some individual variability. Legs moderately long; femora unarmed, feebly swollen, more so in male profemora; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half (Fig. 70); protarsomeres I – II more or less widened in males. Claws bifid in about one third of their length, with inner tooth short. Dorsal side of abdomen poorly sclerotized, pygidium sclerotized with apex rounded and pubescent; abdominal ventrites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 59 – 60; two very large tracheae enter median lobe from basal hood. Spermatheca as in Fig. 71; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. A species of Colasposoma (Colasposoma) of medium size, possibly related to C. (C.) zavattarii (Ethiopia) from which it can be easily distinguished by dark legs, presence of an impunctate transversal strip at the base of pronotal disc, and by evident pubescence on dorsum. Development of the longitudinal carina on the elytral sides of females is similar in the two species.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	discussion	Comments. Specimens collected at altitudes above 1100 m a. s. l. are excluded from type material. They differ from typical form in wider epipleura, strongly restricted only at level of the penultimate abdominal ventrite; the epipleural surface is slightly folded longitudinally in an obtuse angle, instead of being almost flat. Dorsal pubescence is somewhat shorter, leaving lustrousness of integuments more evident. No other remarkable differences have been observed, nor in the exoskeletal characters, neither in the aedeagus. They could be considered as a montane form of the present species. Colasposoma (C.) brevepilosum sp. nov. had been collected in the inner Socotra, at altitudes from 220 to 670 m a. s. l., with the exception of the above mentioned specimens collected at higher altitude (above 1100 m a. s. l.). Related populations found in localities at a lower altitude, along the coast and in eastern Socotra (Fig. 142), clearly differ in a few exoskeletal characters and in the aedeagi. I prefer to describe them as a subspecies and not to separate them at a higher level, to underline the morphological uniformity in this group of taxa. The presence of two large tracheae entering the base of the median lobe of aedeagus, often easily visible also through the wall of the median lobe, is a common and unusual feature of these taxa, which underlines their close relationship.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFABBD58CA66FD56FCCEF9FD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the short pubescence of the dorsum.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA8BD56CBF4FF56FBB6FDFA.taxon	description	(Figs. 63 – 65, 73, 125 – 126, 142)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA8BD56CBF4FF56FBB6FDFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Homhil protected area, 12 ° 34 ′ 27 ″ N, 54 ° 18 ′ 32 ″ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., Homhil protected area, 28. - 29. xi. 2003, N 12 ° 34 ′ 27 ″ E 54 ° 18 ′ 32 ″, 364 m [GPS], leg. P. Kabátek [printed white label]; Yemen – Soqotra 2003 Expedition; Jan Farkač, Petr Kabátek & David Král [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) brevepilosum ssp. orientale n. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA8BD56CBF4FF56FBB6FDFA.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 125 – 126; body length of holotype 5.7 mm. Body dark brown with some bronze metallic reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark bronze, metallic; labrum dark brown, mandibles black, palpi yellowish; antennomeres reddish, antennomeres VII – XI dull; legs dark brown with some metallic reflections beneath. Frons feebly convex, finely pubescent, with median glabrous impression between eyes; punctation moderately strong, punctures closer and partially confluent near eyes and in median impression of frons; surface between punctures convex, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, punctate, distally with fine microreticulation and finer punctures, distal border concave. Antennomere I nearly 1.6 times longer than II and nearly twice as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as antennomere I and nearly 4 times longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter than V; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, VII little longer and wider than following ones; antennomere XI 1.3 times longer than the X, nearly of the same width. Pronotum 2.1 times wider than long (2.8 × 1.3 mm); convexity of surface interrupted before distal border by transversal impression; sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal fourth; base wider than distal border; angles with small tooth with bristle, distal angles visible from above; surface with moderately strong punctation, punctures stronger and partially confluent on sides; small transversal zone without punctation on basal third of disc; pubescence fine, relatively short, central area of pronotum almost bare. Scutellum 1.5 times wider than long, rounded, punctured, finely pubescent. Hypomeron shiny, with relatively strong and spaced punctation, almost bare; distal bor- der of prosternum regularly concave throughout, finely margined; prosternum divided from hypomeron by evident notosternal suture, strongly impressed distally; prosternum in midline little longer than wide between coxae, punctate, with long whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite one third narrower than prosternum between procoxae, its distal edge feebly incised in middle, surface finely punctured, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, bare. Metaventrite transversely rugose, finely punctured on sides, with long and thin pubescence; metacoxae as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly 4 times longer than wide, punctate, with fine and close pubescence. Elytra 1.2 times longer than wide at humeri (4.0 × 3.2 mm); surface almost regularly convex, with subhumeral impression on sides and impression laterally on basal third of the disc; elytral punctation relatively fine and close, stronger on sides; surface between punctures smooth, flat on disc, with some micropunctures; pubescence short and thin on disc, more evident on sides. Epipleura wide at base, gradually tapering from base to elytral apices, strongly angulated with elytral surface, not punctured, almost bare, smooth, shiny. Legs (holotype damaged, only two legs are present: Fig. 125) moderately long; femora unarmed, feebly swollen; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half (Figs. 73); protarsomeres I – II feebly widened. Claws of protarsi bifid in about one third of their length, with inner tooth short. Dorsal side of abdomen poorly sclerotized; pygidium sclerotized, its apex rounded and pubescent; abdominal sternites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 63 – 64; two very large tracheae enter the median lobe from basal hood. Female unknown	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA8BD56CBF4FF56FBB6FDFA.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. A subspecies of C. (C.) brevepilosum sp. nov. characterized by stronger punctation of frons and pronotum and different shape of the apex of aedeagus.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA8BD56CBF4FF56FBB6FDFA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specimen studied was collected in the easternmost area of Socotra.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA7BD57CA13FDD6FCDAFA9D.taxon	description	(Figs. 66 – 69, 74 – 75, 127 – 128, 142)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA7BD57CA13FDD6FCDAFA9D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Noged plain, Qaareh (waterfall), 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ N, 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″ N. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 2003 5 - 6 / xii, Noged plain, Qaareh (waterfall), 57 m, N 12 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E 53 ° 37 ′ 56 ″ [GPS], David Král lgt. [printed white label]; Yemen – Soqotra 2003 Expedition; Jan Farkač, Petr Kabátek & David Král [printed white label]; Holotypus Colasposoma (Colasposoma) brevepilosum ssp. maritimum n. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (2 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 24 - 26 / xi. 2003, Wadi Ayhaft, 190 m, N 12 ° 36 ′ 38 ″ E 53 ° 58 ′ 49 ″ [GPS], David Král lgt. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA7BD57CA13FDD6FCDAFA9D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 127 – 128; body length of holotype 6.8 mm, of paratypes 6.7 mm (J), 5.8 mm (♀). Body dark brown to black with some bronze and greenish metallic reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark bronze, metallic; labrum brown, mandibles black, lightly metallic, palpi yellowish; antennomeres reddish, VII – XI dull, somewhat darkened in ♀ specimen; legs dark brown with some metallic reflections. Frons convex, with light median impression between eyes, with very fine pubescence in holotype, almost bare in other specimens, with close, moderately strong punctures, partially confluent near eyes and in median impression of frons; surface between punctures convex, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, bare, punctate, with fine microreticulation and finer punctation distally, distal border concave. Antennomere I nearly 1.6 times longer than II and nearly twice as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III nearly as long as I and nearly three times longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI shorter than V; antennomeres VII – X dull, feebly widened, VII little longer and wider than following ones; antennomere XI 1.2 times longer than X, little wider. Pronotum 2.1 – 2.2 times wider than long (3.5 × 1.7 mm in holotype); convexity of surface interrupted before distal border by transversal impression, more evident in males; pronotal sides arched and margined throughout, widest in basal fourth in males, in basal third in female; base wider than distal border; angles with small tooth with bristle, distal angles visible from above; surface with moderately strong, close punctation, punctures stronger and in large part confluent on sides; small longitudinal area without punctures on basal third of disc, in two paratypes this area feebly raised; pubescence very fine, short, more evident on sides. Scutellum 1.4 times wider than long, rounded, punctured, finely pubescent. Hypomeron shiny, with relatively strong and spaced punctation, bare; distal border of prosternum regularly concave throughout, finely margined; prosternum divided from hypomera by evident notosternal suture, more impressed distally; prosternum in midline little longer than wide between procoxae, feebly convex, punctate, with long whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite one third narrower than prosternum between procoxae, its distal edge concave, surface finely punctured, pubescent; mesepimera not punctured, bare. Metaventrite finely transversely rugose, finely punctured on sides, with long and thin pubescence, distal border shortly incised in middle; metacoxae as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna nearly 4 times longer than wide, with close punctation and fine pubescence. Elytra 1.2 – 1.3 times longer than wide at humeri (4.8 × 4.1 mm in holotype); surface almost regularly convex in males, with subhumeral impression on sides and feeble impression on basal third laterally on disc; in males punctation relatively fine and close, stronger only on sides; surface between punctures smooth, flat, with some micropunctures on disc; in females surface more strongly impressed in basal third, with rounded low lateral carina, from humeral callus up to apical slope, and with second shorter carina near elytral apex; punctation in females not significantly different from that of males; apices at slight acute angle; humeri lightly prominent in males, stronger in females, finely punctured; elytral pubescence very short and thin on disc, more evident on sides. Epipleura wide at base, moderately wide till base of third abdominal sternite, then gradually tapering to elytral apices, strongly angulated with elytral surface, not punctured, smooth, shiny, almost bare except for fringe of very small setae along outer border. Legs moderately long; femora unarmed, feebly swollen, more so in male profemora; tibiae straight, protibial surface rough in distal half in males (Fig. 74); protarsomeres III widened in males. Claws bifid in about one third of their length, with short inner tooth. Dorsal side of abdomen poorly sclerotized; pygidium sclerotized, its apex rounded and pubescent; abdominal ventrites roughly punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 66 – 67; two very large tracheae enter the median lobe from basal hood. Spermatheca as in Fig. 75; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA7BD57CA13FDD6FCDAFA9D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. A subspecies of C. (C.) brevepilosum sp. nov. characterized by stronger punctation of frons and pronotum, shorter pubescence on dorsum and different shape of the apex of aedeagus.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA7BD57CA13FDD6FCDAFA9D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Collecting localities are at low altitude, not far from the sea; the name maritimum emphasizes the altitude different from the localities of the nominal form.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA6BD54CAE6FAF6FF1BFC7D.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Erythraella bicuspidata sp. nov., by present designation.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA6BD54CAE6FAF6FF1BFC7D.taxon	description	Description. Body oblong, dorsum pubescent; head with relatively long genae, only little shorter than diameter of eyes; eyes prominent, inner border feebly emarginate, without supraocular sulci; antennae robust, with four apical segments relatively short, feebly widened; pronotum little wider than long, subglobose, with only traces of margins at sides, narrower than elytra; prosternum oblong, nearly 2.5 times longer than wide between coxae; notosternal suture not evident; elytra oblong, punctation arranged into regular longitudinal rows; humeral callus present, wings completely developed; legs long, profemora swollen, clearly wider than the meso- and metafemora which are weakly widened, femora with small, acute, median tooth; meso- and metatibiae not emarginate near apex, obliquely truncate apically; claws bifid; abdominal tergites poorly sclerotized, with exception of pygidium which is not grooved and shows two symmetrical patches of microsetae.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA6BD54CAE6FAF6FF1BFC7D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A genus related to Fidia Motschulsky, 1860 (= Lypesthes Baly, 1863) and Trichotheca Baly, 1860, characterized by short antennae with stocky antennomeres VIII – XI, relatively short and wide tarsomeres, and oblong head with genae only a little shorter than the diameter of eye.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA6BD54CAE6FAF6FF1BFC7D.taxon	discussion	Comments. The new genus is close to the genera Fidia Motschulsky, 1860 (nec Fidia Walsh, 1867) and Trichotheca. A large part of the representatives of this group of genera is known from the southeastern and eastern Palaearctic, but they are not reported from Arabia, Iran or Iraq. In the Afrotropical Region, only two species are known: Fidia (Lypesthinia) multidentata (Pic, 1939) from Ethiopia which is geographically closer, and Fidia (Fidia) bicoloripes (Pic, 1936), doubtfully reported from Algeria by PIC (1936): ‘ provenance évidemment fausse’ he stated, as at that time no other representatives of this genus were known from Africa. Erythraella clearly differs from all representatives of this group of genera, as reported above, and it looks quite characteristic and is geographically isolated from its relatives.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA6BD54CAE6FAF6FF1BFC7D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin name of the Arabian Sea: “ mare Erythraeum ”. Gender feminine.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA5BD55CAD3FC56FC1EFA9D.taxon	description	(Figs. 76 – 83, 131 – 132, 144)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA5BD55CAD3FC56FC1EFA9D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Zemhon area, 12 ° 30.58 ′ N, 54 ° 06.39 ′ E. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Zemhon area, 270 - 300 m, N 12 ° 30,58 ′, E 054 ° 06,39 ′, 16. - 17.6.2010, V. Hula leg. [printed white label]; Holotypus Erythraella n. gen. bicuspidata n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (2 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 15. + 22. vi. 2012, wadi Dirhor, open woodland with Boswellia ameero trees, 12 ° 28.0 ′ N, 54 ° 00.5 ′ E, 340 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J JBCB; 1 J SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA5BD55CAD3FC56FC1EFA9D.taxon	description	Description. Body length of holotype 3.5 mm, of paratypes 3.0 mm, 3.6 mm. Habitus as in Figs. 131 – 132. Body black, not metallic; head reddish; in holotype, pronotum reddish with median oblong blackish spot, hypomerae blackish, elytra blackish with proximal border, suture anteriorly, humeri and epipleura reddish; in paratypes, pronotum, hypomerae and elytra largely reddish; labrum, palpi and mandibles reddish; antennomeres I – VI reddish, antennomere VII darkened distally, antennomeres VIII – XI black; legs reddish, tarsi somewhat darkened distally. Frons (Fig. 82) almost flat, with median thin longitudinal sulcus, moderately strong punctures and relatively long translucid pubescence; clypeus almost bare, feebly convex and punctured between antennae, concave and without punctures distally. Palpomere II short, transverse, nearly one third of palpomere I in length, palpomere III conical, somewhat thinner than II and nearly twice as long. Antennomere I less than two times longer than wide, nearly twice as long as II; antennomere II nearly as long as wide; antennomere III twice as long as II, three times longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III and longer than VI; antennomeres VII – X moderately widened, VII longer than VI, VIII – X one third shorter than VII and nearly 1.5 times longer than wide; antennomere XI 1.5 times longer than X and as wide (Fig. 81). Pronotum 1.2 times wider than long (1.2 × 1.0 mm in holotype), at base nearly as wide as at distal border; sides with only trace of margin, regularly arched if seen from above, widest shortly behind midlength; surface strongly and confusedly punctate; punctures close to each other but not confluent, surface between punctures smooth and shiny; pubescence long, fine, semiadpressed, with feeble golden reflections. Scutellum longer than wide, subtriangular, pubescent. Hypomeron punctured throughout, with moderately long pubescence; prosternum (Fig. 83) oblong, nearly 2.5 times longer than wide between the coxae, somewhat transversely prominent medially, punctured, scarcely pubescent; coxal cavities wide, equally distant from front and posterior border of prosternum; mesoventrite between mesocoxae as wide as prosternum between procoxae, punctured, bare, with deeply concave distal border; metaventrite not punctured, bare in middle, with few fine setae on sides, distal border almost straight between metacoxae which are slightly more spaced than mesocoxae; mesepimera almost bare; metanepisterna four times longer than wide, finely pubescent. Elytra oblong, 1.5 times longer than wide at humeri (2.3 × 1.5 mm), weakly impressed in basal fifth; sides subparallel up to distal third, then regularly curved to apices, forming slightly acute angle; humeri prominent, concealing elytral sides in dorsal view; punctation strong, also on apical slope, arranged in 11 longitudinal regular rows; pubescence of interstriae long, erect and with weak golden reflections. Epipleura gradually tapering from base to elytral apices, with single row of short setae. Legs long; profemora swollen (Fig. 81), clearly wider than meso – and metafemora; femora with small, acute, median tooth; pro – and mesotibiae feebly bent, metatibiae straight; protarsomere I slightly narrower than protarsomere II, both slightly wider than long; apical tarsomere nearly twice the III in length. Claws bifid from near their base, with inner tooth shorter. Dorsal side of abdomen poorly sclerotized, with exception of pygidium which is nearly 1.7 times wider than long and not grooved. First abdominal ventrite with moderately strong punctation, 2 nd to 5 th gradually more finely punctured and with fine whitish setae. Aedeagus as in Figs. 76 – 78. Female unknown.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA5BD55CAD3FC56FC1EFA9D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin name refers to the double point of the apex of aedeagus.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA3BD53CACEFE50FDE8FB1D.taxon	description	(Figs. 84 – 89, 133 – 134, 144)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA3BD53CACEFE50FDE8FB1D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Deiqub cave env. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Deiqub cave env., 10. vi. 2010, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. [printed white label]; Holotypus Macrocoma niedobovae n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (114 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Deiqub cave env., 10. vi. 2010, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (3 JJ 1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., S, Noged plain, Deiqyub cave env., 16. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 J NMPC; 1 J 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island S, Noged plain, Deiqyub Cave, 16. vi. 2009, L. Purchart lgt. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Deiqub cave, 12. vi. 2012, cave & Croton socotranus + Jatropha unicostata shrubland, 12 ° 23.1 ′ N, 54 ° 00.9 ′ E, 115 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (56 JJ 24 ♀♀ NMPC; 5 JJ 4 ♀♀ JBCB; 8 JJ 5 ♀♀ SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA3BD53CACEFE50FDE8FB1D.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 133 – 134; body length of holotype 2.9 mm, of paratypes 2.6 – 3.1 mm (JJ), 2.6 – 3.1 mm (♀♀). Body black with metallic reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark with bronze metallic reflections; labrum black, mandibles dark brown to black, palpi dark brown; antennomeres I – VI reddish, scape partially darkened, antennomeres VII – XI dull, blackish; legs with some metallic reflections, femora black, tibiae dark reddish to blackish, tarsi reddish with distal portion of each segment usually darkened. Frons convex, with thin longitudinal median sulcus; pubescence of frons and clypeus relatively long, silvery, absent along median sulcus; punctation strong, close; surface between punctures convex, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, its distal border concave, V-shaped. Two apical maxillary palpomeres oblong, penultimate nearly two thirds of ultimate one in length, 1.5 times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.2 times longer than II and nearly 1.2 times as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III one third shorter than II, one third longer than wide; antennomeres IV and V subequal to III; antennomere VI slightly wider; antennomeres VII – X dull, widened, VII the widest, nearly two times wider than VI, antennomeres VIII – X transverse; antennomere XI 1.2 times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.1 – 1.2 times wider than long (1.1 × 0.9 mm in holotype), sides regularly curved in males, widest in middle, more cylindrical and widest in basal third in females; base as wide as distal border; lateral margin absent; surface with strong, close punctation; pubescence long, silvery. Scutellum subquadrate, sides feebly concave, distal border either straight or feebly convex, punctured, with relatively long silvery pubescence. Hypomeron shiny, with strong and close punctation and long silvery pubescence; distal border of prosternum regularly concave, of hypomerae nearly straight; notosternal suture nearly vanished; prosternum 1.5 times longer than wide between procoxae, nearly flat, strongly punctate, with long silvery pubescence. Mesoventrite short, slightly wider than prosternum between procoxae, its distal edge nearly straight, surface regularly punctured, with fine pubescence; mesepimera finely punctured, pubescent. Metaventrite incised along median line, with strong punctures and moderately long silvery pubescence, distal border shortly incised medially; metacoxae little more spaced than mesocoxae; metanepisterna lightly tapering toward rear, nearly 4.5 times longer than wide, punctured and finely pubescent. Elytra 1.3 – 1.4 times longer than wide at humeri (1.8 × 1.4 mm in holotype); surface regularly convex, humeri distinct; sides subparallel from humeri up to half (J) or three fifths (♀) of their length, then regularly curved to apex; apices at slightly acute angle; punctation relatively strong, arranged in nearly regular rows alternating with lines of recumbent fine silvery setae (10 rows on each elytron, the tenth along lateral elytral margin) and lines of erected wider setae (10 rows on each elytron) (Fig. 89). Epipleura gradually tapering toward rear, relatively strongly punctured, pubescent. Legs moderately long; femora with small median tooth, moderately swollen; pro – and metatibiae nearly straight, mesotibiae feebly arched, with fine silvery pubescence. Pro – and mesotarsi slightly widened in males, with tarsomere I wider than tarsomere II. Claws bifid, with long, subparallel inner tooth, division starting near base of claw. Dorsal side of abdomen sclerotized, dark in color, with some metallic reflections, pygidium fully covered by elytra; abdominal ventrites punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 84 – 85. Spermatheca as in Fig. 88; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA3BD53CACEFE50FDE8FB1D.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Macrocoma niedobovae sp. nov. is a small species characterized by elytral pubescence with alternate rows of scale-like setae and thin setae. It is close to M. hulai sp. nov. from which it differs mainly in its larger size and the absence of a small and flat tubercle on pronotal sides. A related species from Eastern Africa, Macrocoma fuscoaenea (Chapuis, 1879), differs in reddish antennae and legs, more cylindrical prothorax, finer elytral punctation, and sparser dorsal pubescence.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA3BD53CACEFE50FDE8FB1D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species after Jana Niedobová (Brno, Czech Republic), who collected part of the specimens studied.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA2BD51CABEFB70FDB3FD5A.taxon	description	(Figs. 90 – 97, 135 – 136, 144)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA2BD51CABEFB70FDB3FD5A.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Aloove vill. env., 12 ° 31.2 ′ N, 54 ° 07.4 ′ E, 221 m. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Aloove area, Aloove vill. env., Jatropha unicostata shrubland with Boswellia elongata trees, 19. - 20. vi. 2012, 12 ° 31.2 ′ N, 54 ° 07.4 ′ E, 221 m [printed white label]; Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. [printed white label]; ‘ Holotypus Macrocoma bezdeki n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (3 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Aloove area, Aloove vill. env., Jatropha unicostata shrubland with Boswellia elongata trees, 19. - 20. vi. 2012, 12 ° 31.2 ′ N, 54 ° 07.4 ′ E, 221 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC; 1 J JBCB; 1 J SZCM).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA2BD51CABEFB70FDB3FD5A.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 135 – 136; body length of holotype 2.4 mm, of paratypes 2.3 – 2.4 mm (JJ), 2.5 mm (♀). Body black with metallic reflections; head, pronotum and elytra dark with bronze metallic reflections; labrum black, mandibles dark brown to black, palpi dark brown; antennomere I blackish, II – VI reddish or partially darkened, antennomeres VII – XI dull, blackish; legs including tarsi black, with slightly metallic reflections. Slightly teneral specimen with antennae and legs reddish. Frons (Fig. 96) nearly flat in middle, without longitudinal median sulcus; pubescence of frons and clypeus relatively long, silvery, sometimes absent along median line; punctation strong, close; surface between punctures convex, shiny, narrower than diameter of puncture; clypeus not separated from frons, its distal border concave, V-shaped. Two apical maxillary palpomeres oblong, penultimate nearly two thirds of ultimate one in length, 1.5 times longer than wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.2 times longer than II and nearly 1.2 times as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II two times longer than wide; antennomere III one third shorter than II, one third longer than wide; antennomere IV shorter than III, subequal to V; antennomere VI the shortest; antennomeres VII – X dull, widened, VII subtriangular, nearly two times wider than VI, antennomeres VIII – X transverse; antennomere XI 1.2 times longer than wide. Pronotum as wide as long (1.4 × 1.4 mm in holotype); base as wide as distal border; lateral margin absent; surface with strong, close punctation; pubescence long, silvery (Fig. 95). Scutellum subquadrate, sides and distal border nearly straight, with 2 – 4 relatively strong punctures bearing short silvery pubescence. Hypomeron shiny, with strong and close punctation and long silvery pubescence (Fig. 95); distal border of prosternum regularly concave, continuous with that of hypomerae; notosternal suture nearly vanished; prosternum 1.5 times longer than wide between procoxae, nearly flat, strongly punctate, with long silvery pubescence. Mesoventrite short, slightly wider than prosternum between procoxae, its distal edge straight, surface punctured, with fine pubescence; mesepimera finely punctured, pubescent. Metaventrite incised along median line, with moderately strong punctures and moderately long silvery pubescence, distal border shortly incised medially; metacoxae nearly as spaced as mesocoxae; metanepisterna lightly tapering toward rear, nearly 4.5 times longer than wide, punctured and pubescent. Elytra 1.2 – 1.3 times longer than wide at humeri (1.4 × 1.1 mm in the holotype); surface regularly convex, humeri distinct; sides subparallel from humeri up to half (J) or three fifths (♀) of their length, then regularly curved to apex; apices at slightly acute angle; punctation relatively strong, arranged in nearly regular rows alternated with lines of recumbent fine silvery setae (10 rows on each elytron, the tenth along lateral elytral margin) and lines of erected wider setae (10 rows on each elytron) (Fig. 97). Epipleura gradually tapering toward rear, relatively strongly punctured, finely pubescent. Legs moderately long; femora with small median tooth, moderately swollen; tibiae nearly straight, with fine silvery pubescence. Pro – and mesotarsi slightly widened in males, with tarsomere I wider than tarsomere II. Claws bifid, with long, subparallel inner tooth, division starting near base of claw. Dorsal side of abdomen sclerotized, dark in color, with some metallic reflections, pygidium fully covered by elytra; abdominal ventrites punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 90 – 91. Spermatheca as in Fig. 94; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA2BD51CABEFB70FDB3FD5A.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Macrocoma bezdeki sp. nov. is a small species characterized by elytral pubescence with alternate rows of scale – like setae and thin setae. It is close to M. niedobovae sp. nov. from which it differs mainly in its smaller size and more cylindrical, as long as wide pronotum. From M. hulai sp. nov. it differs mainly in the absence of a small and flat tubercle on pronotal sides.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA2BD51CABEFB70FDB3FD5A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species after Jan Bezděk (Brno, Czech Republic), a collector of the specimens studied and well known specialist in Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae. Collection circumstances. Specimens from Aloove were collected beating Croton socotranus Balf. f. (J. Bezděk, pers. comm. 2012).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA0BD7ECACAFD30FC98F99A.taxon	description	(Figs. 98 – 104, 137 – 138, 144)	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA0BD7ECACAFD30FC98F99A.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Diksam plateu, Bidehor, Digeila Cave env., 12 ° 30 ′ 31 ″ N, 53 ° 56 ′ 18 ″ E, 920 m. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Diksam plateu, Bidehor, Digeila Cave env., 920 m, 8. ii. 2010, N 12 ° 30 ′ 31 ″, E 53 ° 56 ′ 18 ″, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt. [printed white label]; Holotypus Macrocoma hulai n. sp. S. Zoia det. 2012 [printed red label] ’ (NMPC). PARATYPES (49 spec.): ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Diksam plateu, Bidehor, Digeila Cave env., 920 m, 8. ii. 2010, N 12 ° 30 ′ 31 ″, E 53 ° 56 ′ 18 ″, L. Purchart & J. Vybíral lgt. ’ (2 JJ NMPC; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Soqotra Is., 1. - 2. xii. 2003, Dixam plateau: Sirhin area, N 12 ° 31 ′ 08 ″ E 53 ° 59 ′ 09 ″, 812 m [GPS]; Jan Farkač lgt. ’ (1 ♀ CULS; 1 ♀ JBCB; 1 ♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Wadi Zirik, 12. vi. 2010, N 12 ° 29,584 ′, E 053 ° 59,475 ′, V. Hula & J. Niedobová leg. ’ (1 J SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Isl., Thar area, 24. II 2009, pitfall trap (TR 92) ’ (1 J MCSC); ‘ Yemen. Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 14. - 15. vi. 2012, Firmihin, Dracaena woodland, 12 ° 28.6 ′ N, 54 ° 01.1 ′ E, 490 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (10 JJ 13 ♀♀ NMPC; 3 JJ 4 ♀♀ JBCB; 3 JJ 6 ♀♀ SZCM); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, 15. + 22. vi. 2012, wadi Dirhor, open woodland with Boswellia ameero trees, 12 ° 28.0 ′ N, 54 ° 00.5 ′ E, 340 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 ♀ NMPC); ‘ Yemen, Socotra Island, Deiqub cave, 12. vi. 2012, cave & Croton socotranus + Jatropha unicostata shrubland, 12 ° 23.1 ′ N, 54 ° 00.9 ′ E, 115 m, Socotra expedition 2012, J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart leg. ’ (1 J NMPC).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA0BD7ECACAFD30FC98F99A.taxon	description	Description. Habitus as in Figs. 137 – 138; body length of holotype 2.5 mm, of paratypes 2.0 – 2.5 mm (JJ), 2.0 – 2.6 mm (♀♀). Body, including head, pronotum and elytra, metallic, dark green with golden reflections; labrum, mandibles and palpi reddish; antennomeres I – VI reddish, antennomere I dorsally darkened, antennomeres VII – XI dull, blackish; legs bicolored, femora metallic, dark greenish with golden reflections, tibiae reddish, darkened proximally; tarsomeres reddish, the ultimate one darkened distally. Frons almost regularly convex; pubescence of frons and clypeus relatively long, silvery; punctation strong, close; surface between punctures convex, shiny; clypeus not separated from frons, distal border of clypeus concave, V-shaped. Two apical palpomeres oblong, penultimate nearly two thirds of ultimate one in length, nearly as long as wide. Antennomere I nearly 1.2 times longer than II and nearly 1.2 times as wide, feebly bent on outer side; antennomere II Figs. 19 – 28. 19 – 23 – Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) distinguendum sp. nov. (19, 20, 22, 23: J holotype; 22: J, Noged Plain, Qaareh): 19 – aedeagus, apex, dorsal view; 20 – aedeagus, lateral view; 21 – tegmen; 22 – ventral sclerite of sternite IX; 23 – scutellum. 24 – 28 – Colasposoma (Falsonerissus) villosum sp. nov. (24, 25, 27, 28: J holotype; 26: J, Homhil area): 24 – aedeagus, apex, dorsal view; 25 – aedeagus, lateral view; 26 – tegmen; 27 – ventral sclerite of sternite IX; 28 – scutellum. two times longer than wide; antennomere III slightly shorter than II, nearly two times longer than wide; antennomeres IV – VI subequal, shorter than III; antennomere VI slightly wider, subquadrate; antennomeres VII – X dull, widened, VII longest, nearly as wide as following ones, VIII – X transverse; antennomere XI 1.2 times longer than wide. Pronotum nearly as long as wide (0.8 × 0.8 mm in holotype); base as wide as distal bor- der; lateral margin absent; sides near anterior edge with small rounded or oval, low, smooth tubercle (Fig. 104) with single median puncture; pronotal surface with strong, close punctation; pubescence relatively long, silvery. Scutellum quadrate, not punctured, with few relatively long silvery setae. Hypomeron shiny, with strong and close punctation and long silvery pubescence; distal margin of prosternum and hypomerae regularly concave; notosternal suture vanished; prosternum 1.4 times longer than wide between procoxae, nearly flat, strongly punctate, with long silvery pubescence. Mesoventrite short, nearly as wide as prosternum between procoxae, its distal edge nearly straight, surface regularly punctured, with long pubescence; mesepimera finely punctured, pubescent. Metaventrite with strong punctures and moderately long silvery pubescence, median line impressed, distal border shortly incised in middle; metacoxae little more spaced than mesocoxae; metanepisterna lightly tapering toward rear, nearly 4.5 times longer than wide, punctured and densely pubescent. Elytra 1.3 – 1.4 times longer than wide at humeri (1.4 × 1.1 mm in the holotype); surface regularly convex, humeri distinct; sides subparallel from humeri up to two thirds in J, feebly widened up to three fifths of their length in ♀, then regularly curved to apex; apices at slight acute angle; punctation relatively strong, partly irregular, with alternate lines of recumbent fine silvery setae (10 rows on each elytron, the tenth along elytral lateral margin) and lines of erected wide setae (10 rows on each elytron) (Fig. 103). Epipleura wide proximally, gradually tapering toward rear, relatively strongly punctured, pubescent. Legs moderately long; femora with small median tooth, moderately swollen; metatibiae nearly straight, mesotibiae feebly arched, with fine silvery pubescence. Pro – and mesotarsi slightly widened in males, pro – and mesotarsomere I wider than II. Claws bifid, with long, subparallel inner tooth, division starting near base of claw. Dorsal side of abdomen sclerotized, dark in color, with some metallic reflections, pygidium fully covered by elytra; abdominal ventrites punctured and pubescent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 98 – 99. Spermatheca as in Fig. 102; coxites short, conical, sclerotized; spiculum ventrale relatively long and thin; vagina without any sclerotization.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA0BD7ECACAFD30FC98F99A.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Macrocoma hulai sp. nov. is a small species characterized by elytral pubescence with alternate rows of scale-like setae and thin setae. It is close to M. niedobovae sp. nov. from which it differs mainly in its smaller size and the presence of a small and flat tubercle on the pronotal sides. A related species from Eastern Africa, Macrocoma fuscoaenea, differs in completely reddish antennae and legs, more cylindrical prothorax, finer elytral punctation, and sparser dorsal pubescence.	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
039A87BBFFA0BD7ECACAFD30FC98F99A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species after Vladimír Hula (Brno, Czech Republic), who collected part of the specimens studied. Collection circumstances. Specimens from Firmihin were collected on flowers of Launaea crepoides Balf. f. (Compositae) (J. Bezděk, pers. comm. 2012).	en	Zoia, Stefano (2012): Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Socotra Island. In: Hájek, J., Bezděk, J. (Eds): Insect biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 449-501, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339776
