taxonID	type	description	language	source
039A215CFF80FF8EFFD6FD2BD758FDD1.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL: NAMIBIA: Kunene Region: Opuwo District: Lectotype / (SAMC B 6980), desig. Lamoral (1979: 663), Okorosave [Korosave, 188109 S 138489 E], South West Africa, i – iv. 1926, S. A. Museum Expedition. Paralectotypes (desig. Lamoral, 1979: 663): Sesfontein [198089 S 138379 E], South West Africa, i – iv. 1925, S. A. Museum Expedition, 1 / 10 subad. / (SAMC B 6066 / B 6077). Outjo District: Kamanjab [198389 S 148509 E], South West Africa, ii. 1925, S. A. Museum Expedition, 1 subad.? (NMSA 16411 ex SAMC B 6773); Outjo [208079 S 168099 E], South West Africa, i – iv. 1926, S. A. Museum Expedition, 1? 3 subad.? (SAMC B 6077). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: NAMIBIA: Erongo Region: Karibib District: 20 km E Namib­Naukuft Park gate on Us Pass road, 238079 S 158449 E, 15. xi. 1974, S. Endrödy­ Younga, pitfall trap, 1 subad.? (TMSA 12420 [EY 470 B]); 30 km E Namib­Naukuft Park gate on Us Pass road, 238059 S 158499 E, 15. xi. 1974, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 2? (TMSA 12422 – 12423 [EY 471 G]). Omaruru District: 20 km S of Omatjette­Khorixas junction [218039 S 148539 E], 6. ii. 1981, A. Harington, near rocky hill, ground was sandy, area basically flat, 1? (AMNH [AH 2133]); Tsisab ravine foot [Brandberg], 218059 S 148409 E, 27. ii – 20. vi. 1995, E. Marais, preservative pitfall trap, 1 juv. / (NMNW 1861); Brandberg, N end Tsisab, 218059 S 148409 E, 21. i – 27. ii. 1995, E. Marais, preservative pitfall traps, 1? 1 / (NMNW 1860); Brandberg, summit, below Longipoele, 21811934.90 S 14833923.90 E, 23. xii. 2003, L. Prendini, T. Bird, & N. Krone, collected with UV light on warm, dark, still night, in dry watercourse surrounded by granite slopes and boulders, with a fairly dense Acacia thicket in places, specimens sitting on ground surface, 1794 m, syntopic with Parabuthus brevimanus (Thorell, 1876), Uroplectes otjimbinguensis (Karsch, 1879) (in bushes and trees), U. planimanus (Karsch, 1879), Hadogenes tityrus (Simon, 1888), and Opistophthalmus carinatus (Peters, 1861), 1? (AMCC 138987), 1? (AMNH); Brandberg, summit, between Longipoele and Helmpoele, 21811933.20 S 14833931.40 E, 23. xii. 2003, L. Prendini, T. Bird, & N. Krone, collected with UV light on warm, dark, still night, in sheltered, flat sandy valley with granite domes and boulders intersected by dry watercourses, granitic loam soil with Stipagrostis ­ Aristida grassland, Boscia, Cyphostemma, Euphorbia, and Ozoroa in rocky areas, specimen sitting on ground surface, 1830 m, syntopic with P. brevimanus, U. otjimbinguensis (in bushes and trees), U. planimanus, and O. carinatus, 1? (AMNH). Swakopmund District: Rössing Mine, Arandis Control Site, 228089 S 158009 E, 13. iii – 9. iv. 1984, E. Griffin, preservative pitfall traps, 1? 1 subad.? 3 juv. / (NMNW 826), same data, except ‘‘ 9. iv – 8. v. 1984 ’’, 1 / (NMNW 832); Rössing Mine, Arandis Site, 228229 S 148599 E, 11. ii – 11. iii. 1985, J. Irish & H. Rust, preservative pitfall traps, 1 juv.? (NMNW 890), same data, except ‘‘ 11. iii – 9. iv. 1985 ’’, 1 subad.? (NMNW 901); Rössing Mine, Crusher Dust Figs. 3 – 8. Collection localities for Lisposoma Lawrence, 1928 in Namibia. 3. Brandberg Massif, summit, near Helmpoele, habitat of Lisposoma elegans Lawrence, 1928. 4. Waterberg Plateau, southern edge, habitat of Lisposoma josehermana Lamoral, 1979: wooded thicket below cliff face. 5 – 8. Farm Varianto on Elandshoek 771, Otavi Highlands, habitat of L. josehermana. 5. Rocky slopes in wooded thicket at base of hill. 6. Dolomite boulders and rock faces at base of wooded slope, where specimens were collected. 7, 8. Microhabitat: specimens were observed sitting and walking on rock faces and in crevices at night. Area, 228279 S 158029 E, 13. iii – 9. iv. 1984, E. Griffin, preservative pitfall traps, 1? (NMNW 829), same data, except ‘‘ 9. iv – 8. v. 1984 ’’, 1 / (NMNW 839); Rössing Mine, Crusher Dust Area, 228289 S 158029 E, 11. ii – 11. iii. 1985, J. Irish & H. Rust, preservative pitfall traps, 6? 3 / 1 subad.? (NMNW 897), same data, except ‘‘ 11. iii – 9. iv. 1985 ’’, 1 / 1 juv.? (NMNW 910); Rössing Mine, Dome Gorge, 228289 S 158049 E, 11. ii – 11. iii. 1985, J. Irish & H. Rust, preservative pitfall traps, 2? 1 subad.? 2 subad. / 1 juv. / (NMNW 898), same data, except ‘‘ 11. iii – 9. iv. 1985 ’’, 1? (NMNW 912), same data, except ‘‘ 5. iv – 6. v. 1985 ’’, 1 juv. [sex indet.] (NMNW 918); Rössing Mine, Lower Ostrich Gorge, 228309 S 148589 E, 11. iii – 9. iv. 1985, J. Irish & H. Rust, preservative pitfall traps, 1 subad.? (NMNW 909); Rössing Mine, Upper Ostrich Gorge, 228299 S 148599 E, 11. ii – 11. iii. 1985, J. Irish & H. Rust, preservative pitfall traps, 1? 1 / 1 juv. / (NMNW 891), same data, except ‘‘ 11. iii – 9. iv. 1985 ’’, 1 / (NMNW 905), same data, except ‘‘ 5. iv – 6. v. 1985 ’’, 1 subad.? (NMNW 915). Namib­Naukluft Park: Gobabeb [238349 S 158039 E], 26. i. 1975, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 3? 1 juv.? 1 juv. / (TMSA 11114), 1 / (TMSA 11111); 42 km along Mirabib road from Gobabeb [238259 S 158269 E], 28. ii. 1975, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 1 subad. / 1 juv.? (TMSA 11104); Volstruishoogte [23800.649 S 15824.749 E], 26. i. 1998, L. Prendini & E. Scott, under ironstone, 360 m, 1? (AMCC 139001). Khomas Region: Windhoek District: 44 km E Namib­Naukuft Park gate on Us Pass road, 238049 S 158569 E, 24. i. 1975, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 1 juv. / (TMSA 12427 [EY 583 B]), same data, except ‘‘ 5. vi. 1975 ’’, 1 / (TMSA 12429 [EY 586 E]), 1 subad.? (TMSA 12430 [EY 586 E]); 46 km E Namib­Naukuft Park gate on Us Pass road, 238039 S 158589 E, 2. iii. 1974, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 1 subad.? (TMSA 12428 [EY 719]), same data, except ‘‘ 3. vi. 1975 ’’, 1 subad.? 2 juv. / (TMSA 12459 [EY 857 G]), same data, except ‘‘ 5. vi. 1975 ’’, 1 subad.? (TMSA 12431 [EY 857]), 1 subad. / (TMSA 12432 [EY 857]), 1 subad. / (TMSA 12433 [EY 857]); Top of Us Pass, 238039 S 158589 E, 7. vii. 1978, S. Endrödy­Younga, pitfall trap, 1 / (TMSA 12217 [EY 1474]), 4 subad.? (TMSA 12213 – 12216 [EY 1474]); Daan Viljoen [Game Reserve], near Windhoek [228329 S 168589 E], 12. xii. 1978, A. Harington, under a very large stone, 1 juv. / (AMNH [AH 833]); Farm Portsmut 33, Hakos Mountains, 238119 S 168249 E, 7. ii. 1969, B. Lamoral & R. Day, 2? 1 subad. / (NMSA 10035 [B. 6773]); Farm Voigtland a. d. Bismarck­ Bergen (38 km E Windhoek) [228359 S 178209 E], 16 – 19. v. 1911, W. Michaelsen, 1 / 1 juv.? (ZMUH); Goreangab Dam, Windhoek, 228329 S 178029 E, 19. xii. 1973, State Museum staff (C. G. Coetzee, M. ­ L. Penrith, J. Buys, E. Marais, & S. Oosthuizen), 1 / (NMNW 503 [old 63]); Windhoek, Eros Mt. [228349 S 178069 E], 2. xii. 1974, S. Endrödy­ Younga, 1 / (TMSA 20250), 1 / 1 subad.? (TMSA 20251), 11. xi. 1974, S. Endrödy­ Younga, 1? 1 / (TMSA 21629); Windhoek [228349 S 178059 E], 29. iv – 8. v. 1911, W. Michaelsen, 1 / (ZMUH). Kunene Region: Khorixas District: Farm Annabis 677, 208009 S 148389 E, 23 – 24. ii. 1969, B. Lamoral & R. Day, 1 / (NMSA 10032); Farm Vrede 719, 208239 S 148149 E, 31. iii. 1976, B. Lamoral & L. Ferguson, on surface near rocky and sandy marginal area south of road at night, 1 / (NMSA 10885); 2 km E Khorixas [208229 S 148599 E], 19. iv. 1980, L. Harington, drowned in water trough, 1 / (AMNH [AH 1448]); Farm Welbedaght 584 [Welbedacht 394], near Khorixas [208319 S 148559 E], 20. iv. 1980, A. Harington, under an irregular rock on a fairly steep, extremely rocky hillside, sparse grass, 1 / (AMNH [AH 1345]); Hobatere Lodge, Farm Marenphil 641, 198209 S 148239 E, 19 – 20. i. 1998, L. Prendini & E. Scott, 1050 m, granitic hills and sandy loam flats near camp, UV detection at night, 3? (AMNH); Palm, 198579 S 138599 E, 21. i. 1998, L. Prendini & E. Scott, 1000 m, dolerite rocky flats, loam soil, UV detection at night, 1? (AMNH). Opuwo District: Anabib (Orupembe) [188119 S 128319 E], 100 mi W Ohopoho, 4 mi SW of waterhole, 8. vi. 1951, P. & G. Brinck, G. & I. Rudebeck, on plain covered by dry vegetation, under stones, 1? 1 / (ZMLU L 51 / 4288), 1? (ZMLU L 51 / 4287 [old 1525]); between Anabib [Orupembe, 188119 S 128319 E] and Omutati [Okomutati, 188159 S 138059 E], 6. vi. 1951, P. & G. Brinck, G. & I. Rudebeck, on dry hill side with scattered mopane bushes, 1? (ZMLU L 51 / 4286 [old 1527]); Orumana [188159 S 138549 E], 10. ii. 1975, 1 subad.? (NMNW 593); Sesfontein, 10 km W of clinic, 198079 S 138369 E, 4. iv. 1976, B. Lamoral & L. Ferguson, on gritty and stoney ground at night, 7 / [2 missing] 1 subad. / (NMSA 10886); Sima Hill, 3 km NW [198119 S 138039 E], 1. iv – 30. vi. 1985, pitfall trap, 1? 1 / (NMNW 1164); Sima Hill, 4 km W [198119 S 138039 E], 1. iv – 30. vi. 1985, pitfall trap, 2 / (NMNW 1158). Outjo District: Tandala Ridge, Farm Windpoort 428 [19821.4899 S 15829.0289 E], 15. xii. 1999, T. O. Osborne, dolomite ridge, syntopic with O. carinatus, 1 / (NMNW 2674 [old 2125]), same data, except ‘‘ ii. 2000 ’’, 1 subad. / (NMNW 2675 [old 2144]). Etosha National Park: Helio, 198039 S 168299 E, 14. ii – 23. iii. 1987, E. Griffin, preservative pitfall traps, 2? 2 / 1 subad.? 3 subad. / 1 juv.? 5 juv. / (NMNW 999), same data, except ‘‘ 27. iii – 4. v. 1988 ’’, 1 / 1 juv. / (NMNW 1091); Karossfontein, 198219 S 148319 E, 9. ii – 20. iii. 1987, E. Griffin, preservative pitfall traps, 1? 1 / (NMNW 984); Olifantsrus, 188589 S 148519 E, 8. vi – 8. vii. 1987, E. Griffin, in reptile trap, 1 specimen [not examined] (NMNW 1204); Ondundozonananandana Mts, 198159 S 158439 E, 10. x – 30. xi. 1986, E. Griffin, preservative pitfall traps, 3 specimens [not examined] (NMNW 961).	en	PRENDINI, LORENZO (2005): New Records and Observations on the Natural History of Lisposoma elegans and L. josehermana (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae). American Museum Novitates 3487: 1-12, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2005)487[0001:NRAOOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282005%29487%5B0001%3ANRAOOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
039A215CFF80FF8EFFD6FD2BD758FDD1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: Lisposoma elegans is now known from 46 localities, falling within 39 quarter­degree squares (QDS), in the Kunene Region (Khorixas, Opuwo, and Outjo districts), Khomas Region (Windhoek District), and Erongo Region (Karibib, Omaruru, and Swakopmund districts) of central and northwestern Namibia (fig. 9). The species has been recorded within four protected areas: Brandberg National Monument, Daan Viljoen Game Reserve, Etosha National Park, and Namib­Naukluft Park. Although it was previously recorded at the base of the Brandberg (Prendini, 2003 b), the present study provides the first records from the summit of the massif, which also represents the highest record for the species (1830 m; the lowest record is 360 m). NATURAL HISTORY: As with most other specimens of L. elegans, the new specimens were collected in pitfall traps or by means of UV light detection at night. All specimens were collected in stony areas with hard, gritty substrata (fig. 3) and no additional evidence contradicts the opinion that the species is lapidicolous and not fossorial (Prendini, 2001, 2003 b).	en	PRENDINI, LORENZO (2005): New Records and Observations on the Natural History of Lisposoma elegans and L. josehermana (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae). American Museum Novitates 3487: 1-12, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2005)487[0001:NRAOOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282005%29487%5B0001%3ANRAOOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
039A215CFF85FF80FF32FD76D47CFD69.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL: NAMIBIA: Oshikoto Region: Tsumeb District: Holotype? (NMSA 10697 [Type No. 2223]), Farm Elandshoek 771, 198269 S 178429 E, Otavi Highlands, 8. iii. 1969, B. Lamoral & R. Day. Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 subad.? (NMNW 765 ex NMSA 11110), 2 juv.? (NMSA 11110 [Type No. 2224]). Otjozondjupa Region: Grootfontein District: Märchenhöhle, Farm Uisib 427, 19 8329 S 178149 E, 13. ii. 1977, P. von Wrede, found in cave, 1 subad. / (NMSA 11388 [Type No. 2297]); same data, except ‘‘ 7. viii. 1977 ’’, 1 / (NMSA 11389 [Type No. 2298]); Kempten (Höhle) [198339 S 178149 E, Farm Uisib 427], 6. viii. 1977, P. von Wrede, ges. im Lehm Canon (found in cave), 1 subad.? (NMSA 11390 [Type No. 2299]). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: NAMIBIA: Oshikoto Region: Tsumeb District: Farm Elandshoek 771, ca. 10 km SW Tsumeb, Otavi Highlands [198269 S 178429 E], 25. iv. 1980, A. Harington, under ill fitting stones on S slope of hillside, no burrows or scrapes, leaf littered, 1 / 1 juv. / (AMNH), 1 subad.? (AMNH [AH 1342]), 1 subad. / (AMNH [AH 1344]), 1 juv.? (AMNH [AH 1343]); Elandshoek, Tsumeb, 198149 S 178439 E, 1 – 16. iv. 1984, J. Visser, 1? (SAMC C 4333 [JV 3207]), 1 / (SAMC C 4331 [JV 3157]), 1 / (SAMC C 4332 [JV 3208]); Farm Varianto on Elandshoek 771, 19822.7739 S 17844.4569 E, 4. i. 2004, L. Prendini, E. Scott, T. & C. Bird, Q. & N. Martins, collected with UV light on warm, still, very humid night after rain, completely overcast with slight, occasional drizzle, walking or sitting on rocks and rockfaces, on the ground, or in crevices (two pairs in copula), on and at the base of rocky dolomite slopes (especially S­ and E­facing) in dense broadleaf woodland with Burkea, Dichrostachys, Commiphora, Terminalia, 1500 m, syntopic with Parabuthus kraepelini Werner, 1902, U. planimanus, Hadogenes hahni (Peters, 1862), and O. carinatus, 16? 54 / (AMNH), 5? 9 / 6 subad.? 1 subad. / (NMNW 2677), 7 juv.? 4 juv. / (AMCC 138989). Otjozondjupa Region: Grootfontein District: Märchenhöhle [198329 S 178149 E], 30. viii. 1990, E. Marais, 1 / (NMNW 1352), 30. viii. 1990 – 7. iv. 1991, E. Marais, preservative pitfall trap, 1 / (NMNW 1622); Farm Uisib 427, 15 km NW of Otavi, on slopes and near base of mountain, 19833.1329 S 17814.1249 E, 2. i. 2004, L. Prendini, E. Scott, T. & C. Bird, Q. & N. Martins, collected from under stones, often in dense leaf litter, during the day, and with UV light on warm, humid night, last quarter moon, sitting or walking on rock faces and rock crevices, mostly at the base of a rocky dolomite slope in dense broadleaf thicket with Dichrostachys, Spirostachys, and Sclerocarya, 1293 m, sympatric with P. kraepelini, U. otjimbinguensis (in trees), H. hahni, O. carinatus, and Opistophthalmus fitzsimonsi Hewitt, 1935,? 7 / 5 subad.? 5 subad. / (AMNH), 6 subad.? 4 subad. / (NMNW 2676), 6 juv.? 4 juv. / (AMCC 138988), near farmhouse, 19833.1139 S 17813.0879 E, 3. i. 2004, L. Prendini, E. Scott, T. & C. Bird, Q. & N. Martins, under calcrete stone on open sandy plain, sympatric with P. brevimanus, P. kraepelini, O. carinatus, and O. fitzsimonsi, 1343 m, 1 juv. / (AMNH); Tsumeb, 27 mi SE [198279 S 188029 E], 19 – 20. xii. 1966, E. S. Ross & K. Lorenzen, 1400 m, 1? 2 / (CASC). Otjiwarongo District: Waterberg, 15 mi NE [208159 S 178309 E], 21. xii. 1966, E. S. Ross & K. Lorenzen, 1470 m, 1 / (CASC). Waterberg Plateau Park: Bernabé de la Bat Rest Camp, below cliff face, 20830.8039 S 17814.7539 E, 1. i. 2004, L. Prendini, E. Scott, Q. & N. Martins, collected with UV light on warm, still, humid night, half moon obscured by clouds (partly overcast), on SE slope of Waterberg, in fairly dense broadleaf woodland with Acacia, Aloe, Dicrostachys, especially just below cliff face, specimen sitting on ground between stones, midway upslope, 1440 m, sympatric with U. otjimbinguensis (in trees), U. planimanus, H. hahni, and O. carinatus, 1? (AMNH); Waterberg Plateau, on top [208259 S 178159 E], ii – iii. 1990, W. Versfeld, 1 / (NMNW 2223).	en	PRENDINI, LORENZO (2005): New Records and Observations on the Natural History of Lisposoma elegans and L. josehermana (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae). American Museum Novitates 3487: 1-12, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2005)487[0001:NRAOOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282005%29487%5B0001%3ANRAOOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
039A215CFF85FF80FF32FD76D47CFD69.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: Lisposoma josehermana is now known from 10 localities, falling within six QDS, in the Oshikoto Region (Tsumeb District) and the Otjozondjupa Region (Grootfontein and Otjiwarongo districts) of northeastern Namibia (fig. 9). It is recorded, for the first time, from the Waterberg Plateau and at least one specimen has been collected from within the borders of the Waterberg Plateau Park. The new record from Bernabé de la Bat Rest Camp is the southernmost record and a range extension for the species. NATURAL HISTORY: All newly collected specimens of L. josehermana were found on and particularly at the base of steep, rocky slopes or cliff faces, in dense broadleaf woodland or thicket habitats supporting a fairly lush undergrowth of grasses and herbs (figs. 4, 5). Although they occur at similar elevations, the Mountain Savanna and Karstveld (Giess, 1971) habitats at the two localities in the Otavi Highlands (Uisib and Varianto), where most of the specimens were collected, were noticeably more mesic than the Tree Savanna and Woodland (Giess, 1971) habitat at the Waterberg, where only a single, much smaller adult male was collect­ ed. The geology of the two mountain ranges is also quite different: The Otavi Highlands are composed of limestone and dolomite, which is more porous than the sandstone that makes up the caprock of the Waterberg. At Uisib, several specimens were taken from under stones during diurnal searches. In all cases, the stones under which specimens were found, were situated in the shade of large trees and usually also close to large rock outcrops (figs. 6, 7). Many of these stones contained a moderately to well­developed layer of damp humus underneath; specimens were typically found sitting on or in the humus layer. Several adult specimens were collected under large stones, embedded in a dense layer of litter, in the shade of a large Ficus tree near the entrance to Märchenhöhle (a vertical cave). The cave was entered and inspected but no specimens were collected inside it. Previous records of the species in the Märchenhöhle and nearby Kemptehöhle (Lamoral, 1979; J. Irish, personal commun.) must represent facultative occurrences; the species exhibits no obvious troglomorphies. No specimens were collect­ ed in burrows, contrary to the claims of Lamoral (1979: 668). Most of the specimens collected at Uisib, as well as all the specimens collected at Varianto and the Waterberg, were captured on still, moonless nights with the aid of UV light detection (fig. 2). The greatest number of specimens were collected on two very humid nights (2 and 4 January, 2004), following convectional thunderstorms that occurred in the late afternoon. Many of these were sitting or walking on large rocks, boulders, or vertical rockfaces in the shade of large trees, but several were observed retreating into large crevices in rock outcrops (fig. 8), some of which were also inhabited by the liochelid, Hadogenes hahni (Prendini, 2005 b). At Varianto, two pairs of L. josehermana were observed copulating on these rock faces and it seems probable that the specimens in question inhabited these crevices during the daytime. At Uisib, a large male (figs. 1, 2) was found under a large slab of rock resting on top of a rock outcrop, a microhabitat also typically occupied by liochelid scorpions such as H. hahni. These observations provide behavioral evidence for the suggestion, based on ecomorphology, that L. josehermana is lapidicolous and not fossorial (Prendini, 2003 b). Indeed, the species may even be considered a facultative lithophile (Prendini, 2001). Besides H. hahni, L. josehermana was syntopic with the buthids Uroplectes otjimbinguensis and U. planimanus and the scorpionid Opistophthalmus carinatus at the Waterberg. In the Otavi Highlands, L. josehermana was recorded in sympatry with these species, and also with the buthids Parabuthus brevimanus and P. kraepelini and the scorpionid Opistophthalmus fitzsimonsi. However, it was syntopic only with H. hahni, U. planimanus, and O. carinatus. Uroplectes otjimbinguensis was found exclusively in bushes and trees, whereas O. fitzsimonsi and the Parabuthus species were collected in more exposed, open sandy areas.	en	PRENDINI, LORENZO (2005): New Records and Observations on the Natural History of Lisposoma elegans and L. josehermana (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae). American Museum Novitates 3487: 1-12, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2005)487[0001:NRAOOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282005%29487%5B0001%3ANRAOOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
