identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
00B1246A428B5A488055504A78862E6E.text	00B1246A428B5A488055504A78862E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheiridae Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheiridae Seeley, 1870</p><p>Ornithocheiridae Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 110</p><p>Criorhynchidae Hooley: Hooley 1914: p. 557</p><p>Type genus.</p><p>Ornithocheirus Seeley, 1869.</p><p>Included genus.</p><p>Ornithocheirus .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Albian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>the same as for the type genus.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Seeley erected the name Ornithocheirae in 1870, including only the genus Ornithocheirus . It is corrected to Ornithocheiridae Seeley, 1870 following the article 11.7.1.3 of the ICZN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/00B1246A428B5A488055504A78862E6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
EDD89B6A493AD25CE495E8C452789454.text	EDD89B6A493AD25CE495E8C452789454.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus Seeley 1869	<div><p>Ornithocheirus Seeley, 1869</p><p>Ornithocheirus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi</p><p>Ornithocheirus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 112</p><p>Criorhynchus Owen: Owen 1874: p. 7</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] Seeley: Lydekker 1888: p. 10</p><p>Criorhynchus Owen: Kuhn 1967: 38</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pterodactylus simus Owen, 1861, by monotypy.</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Albian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>As for the type species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EDD89B6A493AD25CE495E8C452789454	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
D0927646E9321F318C6B9B9C7EE17873.text	D0927646E9321F318C6B9B9C7EE17873.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus simus (Owen 1861)	<div><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen, 1861) Figs 1 -3</p><p>Pterodactylus simus Owen: Owen 1861: p. 2, pl. I, fig. 1-5</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen): Seeley 1869: p. xvi</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen): Seeley 1870: p. 127</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Owen 1874: p. 7</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic](?) simus (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 16</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 18, fig. 7a, b</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Kuhn 1967: 38</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 60, fig. 8, 29</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen): Unwin 2001: p. 194, table 1</p><p>Ornithocheirus platyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvii [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus platyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 128</p><p>Criorhynchus platyrhinus (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 60 [synonymy]</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen): Unwin 2001: fig. 7, table 1 [synonymy]</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54428, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 1A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Referred specimens.</p><p>CAMSM B54552 (Fig. 1E-H), CAMSM B54429 (Fig. 2A-D), CAMSM B54677 (Fig. 2E-H), MANCH L.10832 (Fig. 3A-D), and NHMUK PV 35412 (Fig. 3E-H) (all from the Cambridge Greensand).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): tall rostrum*; first pair of premaxillary teeth directed ventrally*; first pair of upper alveoli slightly displaced posteriorly from the anterior margin of the premaxilla*; ventral margin of the palate straight; rostrum not expanded anteriorly.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus was first described on the basis of a fragmentary anterior portion the premaxillae and maxillae (CAMSM B54428), which remains the best preserved specimen undoubtly referable to this species. This fragment has, in lateral view, a rounded profile, and all preserved tooth sockets are oriented ventrally. Owen (1861) described the specimen in detail and noted its very large size, that its first pair of alveoli were directed downwards, and that the anterior margin of the rostrum is tall above the first pair of alveoli. Owen (1861) thus separated it from Pterodactylus sedgwickii [= Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii, see below], in which the first pair of alveoli opens on the anterior margin of the rostrum, facing somewhat forwards, and the anterior margin of the rostrum was not as tall. Owen (1861) also noted that the anterior depression present in the holotype of Ornithocheirus simus was not as marked in another specimen referable to this species. Personal observations of several rostra referable to Ornithocheirus simus (for example, CAMSM B54429, B54552, and B54677, MANCH L.10832, and NHMUK PV 35412) suggest that this depression could have been produced by postmortem abrasion and should be avoided as a character (contra Fastnacht 2001).</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus lacks an anterior expansion of the rostrum. As noticed by Owen (1861), there is matrix adhered on the right side of the specimen, which can give the false impression that the palate is broader at the fourth pair of alveoli. Another interesting feature noted by Owen (1861) is the separation between the alveoli of the first pair, equivalent to the largest diameter of the alveolus, and that the bone between these two alveoli projects below from the level of the palate, but not forming an elongated structure. Owen (1861) observed that no median ridge is preserved.</p><p>In the original description and illustration, CAMSM B54428 had a tooth preserved in the first left alveolus (Owen 1861: table I, figures 1 to 5). Unwin (2001) suggested that the tooth was possibly glued in this position. During examination of the holotype in 2007, it was observed that the tooth was not preserved with the holotype anymore and could not be found.</p><p>Aside from the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems surrounding Ornithocheirus simus , its basic structure is controversial. Several authors considered it a long-snouted animal with a robust premaxillary crest (e.g., Wellnhofer 1987, 1991; Fastnacht 2001; Unwin 2001; Veldmeijer 2006), whereas others have suggested that it was actually a short-snouted pterosaur with a tall and massive rostrum (e.g., Hooley 1914; Arthaber 1922; Kuhn 1967; Kellner 1990). References to a reconstruction as a longirostrine pterosaur with a thick premaxillary crest are based on the alleged similarities between Ornithocheirus simus and the more complete holotype of Tropeognathus mesembrinus Wellnhofer, 1987. As the holotype and the several rostra referable to Ornithocheirus simus are fragmentary, it is very difficult to assess which view is correct. Therefore, we refrained from using the presence or absence of a crest in the diagnosis, but several other features (e.g., tall rostrum, position of the first pair of premaxillary teeth) support the distinctiveness of this species among the Cambridge Greensand pterosaur assemblage and in comparison with Tropeognathus mesembrinus (see Taxa from other deposits, below), leading us to propose here that Ornithocheiridae should be restricted to Ornithocheirus simus .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>As detailed above, the taxonomic history of the genus Ornithocheirus and of the species Ornithocheirus simus is quite complex. To summarize, CAMSM B54428 was first described by Owen (1861) as Pterodactylus simus . Upon recognition that Ornithocheirus simus differed from the species of Pterodactylus, Seeley (1869, 1870) referred it to Ornithocheirus, whereas Owen (1874) subsequently transferred it to Criorhynchus . Both Ornithocheirus and Criorhynchus are based on the same type species ( Ornithocheirus simus), and are therefore objective synonyms.</p><p>Seeley (1870: 128) named the species Ornithocheirus platyrhinus based on CAMSM B54552, an anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 1E-H), with the description: "another fragment, with the area very long, is marked Ornithocheirus platyrhinus ". The area to which Seeley (1870) referred is the tall rostrum. Even this a short characterization makes the name available. CAMSM B54552 is quite incomplete but shows features diagnostic of Ornithocheirus simus: tall rostrum; first pair of premaxillary teeth ventral; first pair of upper dental alveoli slightly placed back from the anterior margin of the premaxilla and ventral profile of the palate straight. Due to the fragmentary nature of this material, it cannot be determined if the anterior expansion of the rostrum was also absent or if the other alveoli have the same sizes and spacing as in CAMSM B54428. Both specimens differ slightly in size, CAMSM B54552 being approximately 7.5 cm high anteriorly and CAMSM B54428 is approximately 6.5 cm high. This difference may be due to ontogenetic or individual variation. Hence, we follow Unwin (2001) in considering Ornithocheirus platyrhinus a subjective junior synonym of Ornithocheirus simus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0927646E9321F318C6B9B9C7EE17873	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
C3DD0728455E5211A8D5FE92129C8969.text	C3DD0728455E5211A8D5FE92129C8969.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lonchodraconidae Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Lonchodraconidae fam. n.</p><p>Type genus.</p><p>Lonchodraco gen. n.</p><p>Included genus.</p><p>Lonchodraco .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Albian to Cenomanian / Turonian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand and Chalk Formation, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>the same as for the type genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C3DD0728455E5211A8D5FE92129C8969	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
E2C65AFA2EC6795077B23FB2C3F72870.text	E2C65AFA2EC6795077B23FB2C3F72870.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lonchodraco Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Lonchodraco gen. n.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Derived from the Greek lonchos, meaning lance, and Latin draco, meaning dragon.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank, 1846.</p><p>Included species.</p><p>Lonchodraco giganteus, Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus, and Lonchodraco(?) microdon .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Albian to Cenomanian / Turonian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand and Chalk Formation, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): comparatively small alveoli (up to 4 mm in diameter) in the anterior portions of the upper and lower jaws; alveoli of the anterior portions of the upper and lower jaws without significant variation in size; alveoli placed in an elevation in relation to the palate and to the dorsal margin of the mandible*; deep palatal ridge; mandibular crest present; spacing between alveoli roughly equivalent to their diameters (modified from Unwin 2001).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Hooley (1914) created the genus Lonchodectes, to which he assigned nine species. Six of them were listed in alphabetical order: Lonchodectes compressirostris, Lonchodectes machaeorhynchus [sic], Lonchodectes microdon, Lonchodectes oweni, Lonchodectes scaphorhynchus and Lonchodectes tenuirostris . Other three were cited latter and referred to the genus, still in the same publication: Lonchodectes daviesii, Lonchodectes giganteus and Lonchodectes sagittirostris (Hooley 1914). There was no designation of a type species.</p><p>Latter workers did not accept Lonchodectes as a valid genus. Kuhn (1967) and Wellnhofer (1978) considered it synonymous with Ornithocheirus . Kuhn (1967: 46) designated Lonchodectes compressirostris as the type species of the genus, using the term “Genotypus” (see above). This is a valid subsequent designation under Article 69 of ICZN. Unwin (2001), while reviewing the Cambridge Greensand pterosaurs, re-instated the genus and concluded that, of the nine species referred by Hooley (1914), only five were valid: Lonchodectes compressirostris, Lonchodectes machaerorhynchus, Lonchodectes microdon, Lonchodectes giganteus and Lonchodectes sagittirostris . He also added another species to the genus, Lonchodectes platystomus, which Hooley (1914) had placed in the genus Amblydectes .</p><p>In the present work, Lonchodectes compressirostris is considered a nomen dubium (see below) and, therefore,a new genus, Lonchodraco, is here erected to include three of the species previously referred to Lonchodectes: Lonchodraco giganteus, Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus, and Lonchodraco(?) microdon .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2C65AFA2EC6795077B23FB2C3F72870	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
BDD7E7F5F66E8D0DF032734B2018D9BD.text	BDD7E7F5F66E8D0DF032734B2018D9BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lonchodraco giganteus (Rodrigues & Kellner 2013) Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Lonchodraco giganteus comb. n. Fig. 4</p><p>Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank: Bowerbank 1846: p. 8, fig. 1, 2, 5.</p><p>Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank: Bowerbank 1848: pl. I, fig. 1.</p><p>Pterodactylus conirostris Owen: Owen in Dixon 1850: p. 401, pl. XXXVIII, fig. 4-7</p><p>Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank: Bowerbank 1851: p. 19</p><p>Cimoliornis diomedaeus [sic] (Gervais): Owen 1851b: p. 21</p><p>Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank: Owen 1851a: p. 91, pl. XXXI, fig. 1-9, 12-13</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic](?) giganteus (Bowerbank): Lydekker 1888: p. 12</p><p>Lonchodectes giganteus (Bowerbank): Hooley 1914: p. 538</p><p>Ornithodesmus(?) giganteus (Bowerbank): Arthaber 1922: p. 20, fig. 10</p><p>Ornithocheirus giganteus (Bowerbank): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 57, fig. 28</p><p>Lonchodectes giganteus (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: p. 210</p><p>Lectotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 39412, anterior portions of the rostrum and mandible, incomplete scapulocoracoid, proximal ends of the humerus and ulna, and a partial wing phalanx (Fig. 4A-G).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Near Maidstone, Burham, Kent, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Chalk Formation (Cenomanian / Turonian).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Lonchodraconid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): anterior portion of the premaxillae rounded; anterior portion of the dentaries rounded; divergent alveolar margins of the anterior end of the upper and lower jaws; presence of a premaxillary crest; short, low, blade-like dentary crest*; approximately6 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin*.</p><p>Description .</p><p>Lonchodraco giganteus was briefly described by Bowerbank (1846), and then in more detail by Owen (1851a). The lectotype, NHMUK PV 39412, includes the anterior parts of the rostrum and mandible preserved, and, contra Bowerbank (1846) and subsequent authors (Wellnhofer 1978; Martill 2011), does not include the anterior portion of the nasoantorbital fenestra because what appears to be the anterior margin of the fenestra is not present on both sides of the specimen and most likely represents breakage. The lectotype of Lonchodraco giganteus is readily distinguishable from pterosaurs from other Cretaceous deposits in Britain. Owen (in Dixon 1850) described it as deep-jawed and cone-beaked. The tips of the jaws are dorsoventrally flattened, and there is no upward curvature of the palate. The alveolar margins of the upper and lower jaw are divergent even in their anterior portions. The premaxilla is tall and triangular in lateral view, indicating the presence of a crest. The crest is not thin as seen in Anhanguera or thick as in Coloborhynchus (Fastnacht 2001; Rodrigues and Kellner 2008). The mandibular symphysis also has a distinctive crest from that in anhanguerids because it does not start at the tip of the mandible. The crest is blade-like, short, and located medially in the relatively wide symphysis. Unfortunately, incomplete preparation of the specimen precludes more detailed observations of its oral region, including the palatal ridge. The mandibular groove appears to be deep but cannot be accurately measured. The teeth are conical and elongated, smaller than the ones in anhanguerids; similarly, the alveoli are small and oval to round. Lonchodraco giganteus has a shorter mandibular crest and a larger tooth density than Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus and a tall rostrum as opposed to the elongated premaxillae and maxillae in Lonchodraco(?) microdon and 'Ornithocheirus' polyodon .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Lonchodraco giganteus has a complex taxonomic history. The species was named Pterodactylus giganteus by Bowerbank (1846). He referred several specimens to the species, including both cranial and postcranial material. Some of these specimens were found associated (NHMUK PV 39412), whereas others were not found associated but came from the same locality as the associated material; additional material was collected at different localities. It is unclear which specimen was considered the holotype. Bowerbank (1848) described the paleohistology of some bones that he referred to Pterodactylus giganteus, including the cranial material (NHMUK PV 39412; Bowerbank 1848: fig. (1). Owen (in Dixon 1850) proposed a new name, Pterodactylus conirostris, for NHMUK PV 39412, because he argued that the specimen was not gigantic in size and thus deemed the specific epithet giganteus inappropriate. Bowerbank (1851) responded that at the time of the description larger pterosaurs were unknown, that modifications of the names of species based on them being inappropriate would cause much instability, and refused to adopt Pterodactylus conirostris . Bowerbank (1851) cited the Law of Priority of the British Association Code (also known as the Strickland Code, published in 1843), which was approved by a committee that included Owen (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999; Dayrat 2010; see also Martill 2010). The Law of Priority stated that the first name of a species should be the one considered valid. Owen (1851a, b) answered Bowerbank that he had understood that the name Pterodactylus giganteus was proposed for a bone from the Chalk Formation that he (Owen 1842) had previously described as avian. He also pointed out that, among the material described and referred as Pterodactylus giganteus by Bowerbank (1846), there were at least two individuals, of very different size, the smaller one (NHMUK PV 39412) being osteologically mature (based on the fusion between scapula and coracoid), and the other one much larger. Owen (1851a, b) assumed the larger individual to be the one referred as Pterodactylus giganteus and thus designated Pterodactylus conirostris for the cranial material and the bones associated with it. He also brought up several rules of the British Association Code on which he based his designations, including exceptions to the Law of Priority in relation to inappropriate names (Owen 1851a, b; Dayrat 2010), but finally accepted the name Pterodactylus giganteus for the material (Owen 1851a). The name Pterodactylus conirostris has never been used since, but the question as to which material was the holotype of Pterodactylus giganteus remained overlooked for several years. Hooley (1914: 538) reviewed the species based only on the cranial material (NHMUK PV 39412). Finally, Wellnhofer (1978: 57), in his review, designated NHMUK PV 39412 as the lectotype of Pterodactylus giganteus, citing only the skull material and not the associated bones. Pterodactylus giganteus Bowerbank, 1846 and Pterodactylus conirostris Owen, 1850 clearly are objective synonyms because they are founded on the same type specimen, and the former binomen has priority over the latter.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BDD7E7F5F66E8D0DF032734B2018D9BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
AC758877AFC09AE85D5B21BF766CACD8.text	AC758877AFC09AE85D5B21BF766CACD8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus (Rodrigues & Kellner 2013) Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus comb. n. Fig. 5</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" machaerorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus machaerorhynvhus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 113, pl. XII, fig. 1-2</p><p>Lonchodectes machaeorhynchus [sic] (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Lonchodectes machaerorhynchus (Seeley): Unwin 2001: p. 195, fig. 12D-E, table 1</p><p>Holotype:</p><p>CAMSM B54855, partial mandibular symphysis (Fig. 5A-F).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Lonchodraconid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): deep dentary crest*; ventral margin of the mandible posterior to the dentary crest ascending in lateral view*; ventral depression located posteriorly to the dentary crest*; wide mandibular groove*; approximately 4.5 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>CAMSM B54855 consists of a fragment of the posterior portion of the mandibular symphysis. Seeley (1870) described the mandible as narrow, with parallel alveolar margins, deep mandibular sulcus, spacing between alveoli equal to the size of their diameters, and with the lateral margins forming a sharp keel, which Unwin (2001) interpreted as a dentary crest. Seeley (1870) mentioned the presence of a suture with the angular bone, which would almost reach the tip of the mandible, as a unique character for this species in comparison to the pterosaurs from Germany. We here interpret this structure as the posterior margin of a dentary crest rather than a suture.</p><p>In addition to a deep mandibular groove, CAMSM B54855 shares with Lonchodraco giganteus small and well-spaced alveoli, without significant size variation. However, it differs from this species in having straight alveolar margins in dorsal view (Seeley 1870), whereas the margins diverge in Lonchodraco giganteus . The mandibular crest of Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus is deep and its apex coincident with its terminus, with a ventral depression posterior to it. In Lonchodraco giganteus, the mandibular crest is short and blade-like, being more restricted to the length of the symphysis; the presence of a depression cannot be determined.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC758877AFC09AE85D5B21BF766CACD8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
D398B4F836BF0DDC787B9DCC0328C1E7.text	D398B4F836BF0DDC787B9DCC0328C1E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lonchodraco microdon (Seeley 1870) Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Lonchodraco (?) microdon (Seeley, 1870) comb. n. Fig. 6</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" microdon Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus microdon Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 116, pl. XII, fig. 6-7</p><p>Lonchodectes microdon (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Ornithocheirus microdon Seeley: Wellnhofer 1978: p. 58</p><p>Lonchodectes microdon (Seeley): Unwin 2001: p. 211, table 1</p><p>Ornithocheirus oweni Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 115</p><p>Lonchodectes oweni (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Lonchodectes microdon (Seeley): Unwin 2001: p. 195, fig. 11C-D, table 1 [synonymy]</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54486, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 6A-F).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Referred specimen.</p><p>CAMSM B 54439 (Fig. 6G-L) (also from the Cambridge Greensand).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Lonchodraconid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): premaxillary crest absent; dorsal margin of the premaxillae rounded; deep palatal ridge*; palate between the elevation of the alveolar margins and the palatal ridge concave; spacing between alveoli larger than their diameters*; approximately 4.5 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Lonchodraco(?) microdon was described by Seeley (1870) on the basis of CAMSM B54486, a fragmentary upper jaw with a prominent palatal ridge. Seeley (1870) noted the presence of a concavity on the palate between the elevation of the alveolar margins and the palatal ridge, that the palatal ridge becomes more prominent than the alveolar borders posteriorly, and that the alveolar margins are compressed and rounded. Seeley (1870) also noted a small tip of jaw “associated” with the specimen, but this possibly does not represent the same individual. CAMSM B54486 was recently sampled for histological analysis (M. Riley, pers. comm.). The transverse section of the area that was cut is wider than high, whereas the opposite end is higher than wide, suggesting that the sampled area was located near the anterior end of the snout.</p><p>Ornithocheirus oweni was described in the same work (Seeley 1870) on the basis of CAMSM B 54439 (Fig. 6G-L), also an upper jaw. This species is quite similar to Lonchodraco(?) microdon . Both holotypes share a rostrum with parallel alveolar margins, absence of a premaxillary crest, rounded dorsal margin of the premaxillae and maxillae, deep palatal ridge and the concave palate between the alveolar margins and the palatal ridge. Seeley (1870) pointed out that Ornithocheirus oweni differs from Lonchodraco(?) microdon in that its jaw margins are not round but flattened, by the presence of rough interspaces between the alveoli, teeth (alveoli?) circular instead of oval, and the dorsal margin of the premaxillae and maxillae rounded instead of having a sharp keel. However, examination of CAMSM B 54439 established that the alveolar margins are poorly preserved so that the number, shape, and spacing of the alveoli cannot be seen. Furthermore, Lonchodraco(?) microdon has a rounded dorsal margin of the rostrum, as can be observed in anterior and posterior transverse sections of the holotype. As both species share the same morphological features and come from the same deposit they are here considered conspecific.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) synonymized Ornithocheirus oweni with Lonchodraco(?) microdon and, acting as the First Reviser ( ICZN’s article 24.2.2), gave Lonchodraco(?) microdon priority.</p><p>Lonchodraco(?) microdon has small (approximately 3 mm diameter) and evenly spaced alveoli as in Lonchodraco giganteus and Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus . However, it is distinct from Lonchodraco giganteus, lacking a premaxillary crest, having spacing between the alveoli larger than their diameters, and with parallel alveolar margins. These features constrast with those of the type species of the genus. Lonchodraco(?) microdon shares with Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus the parallel alveolar margins and the same alveolar density (4.5 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin), but they differ in the spacing between the alveoli, larger in the first. Due to these differences, it is possible that Lonchodraco(?) microdon actually represents a distinct genus. However, in the absence of further evidence, we refrain from naming a new genus and assign the species tentatively to Lonchodraco .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D398B4F836BF0DDC787B9DCC0328C1E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
A15B2C081A63DE96FD9EB6BA9E8F204C.text	A15B2C081A63DE96FD9EB6BA9E8F204C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anhangueria Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Anhangueria new clade</p><p>Branch-based definition.</p><p>All pteranodontoids more closely related to Anhanguera blittersdorffi than to Istiodactylus latidens and Cimoliopterus cuvieri .</p><p>Content.</p><p>Camposipterus, Cearadactylus, Ludodactylus, and Anhangueridae .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Late Berriasian / Valanginian to Cenomanian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Hastings Group, England; Wessex Formation, England; Elrhaz Formation, Niger; Jiufotang Formation, China; Khuren-Dukh, Dzun-Bayin Formation, Mongolia; Romualdo Formation, Brazil; Paw Paw Formation, USA; Cambridge Greensand, England; Kem Kem beds, Morocco.</p><p>Synapomorphies.</p><p>(18.1) Presence of an anterior expansion of the premaxillary tip with the jaw end tall, and (48.1) larger teeth located at the tip of the rostrum (see "Phylogenetic affinities of the species of the Ornithocheirus complex", below).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A15B2C081A63DE96FD9EB6BA9E8F204C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
A309918DA4C051F7AFC8E4D71B1CF292.text	A309918DA4C051F7AFC8E4D71B1CF292.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anhangueridae Seeley 1869	<div><p>Anhangueridae Campos &amp; Kellner, 1985</p><p>Anhangueridae Campos &amp; Kellner: Campos and Kellner 1985: p. 459</p><p>Ornithocheiridae Seeley: Unwin 2001: p. 205</p><p>Type genus.</p><p>Anhanguera Campos and Kellner, 1985.</p><p>Included genera.</p><p>Anhanguera, Caulkicephalus, Coloborhynchus, Liaoningopterus, Siroccopteryx, Tropeognathus, and Uktenadactylus .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Late Berriasian / Valanginian to Cenomanian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Hastings Group, England; Wessex Formation, England; Elrhaz Formation, Niger; Jiufotang Formation, China; Khuren-Dukh, Dzun-Bayin Formation, Mongolia; Romualdo Formation, Brazil; Paw Paw Formation, USA; Cambridge Greensand, England; Kem Kem beds, Morocco (Table 11).</p><p>* this deposit is Cenomanian but the fossils are Albian in age.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A309918DA4C051F7AFC8E4D71B1CF292	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
C13C15B5E67A523C5B0008D87E8DD0CD.text	C13C15B5E67A523C5B0008D87E8DD0CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coloborhynchus Owen 1874	<div><p>Coloborhynchus Owen, 1874</p><p>Type species:</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen, 1874, by monotypy.</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Late Berriasian / Valanginian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Hastings Group, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>As for the type species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C13C15B5E67A523C5B0008D87E8DD0CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
1E9F3DAD08DA6A93F1D4821C57AD7087.text	1E9F3DAD08DA6A93F1D4821C57AD7087.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen 1874	<div><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen, 1874 Fig. 7</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Owen 1874: p. 6, pl. I, fig. 1-4</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 537</p><p>Criorhynchus clavirostris (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 18, fig. 7c</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Kuhn 1967: 38</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Lee 1994: p. 756, fig. 4</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Unwin 2001: p. 206</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Veldmeijer 2003: 42</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Rodrigues and Kellner 2008: p. 220, fig. 1.1, 2.1, 3.1</p><p>Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen: Martill, Sweetman and Witton 2011: p. 380, fig. 25.8</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV R 1822, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 7A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>St.-Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Hastings Group (late Berriasian / Valanginian).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Anhanguerid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): oval depression beneath the first pair of alveoli*; second, third and fourth pairs of alveoli located laterally*; fifth and sixth pairs of alveoli located more medially than the preceding alveoli on the base of the palatal ridge*; anterior part of the palatal ridge bordered by two shallow longitudinally elongated depressions* (from Rodrigues and Kellner 2008).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The holotype of Coloborhynchus clavirostris (NHMUK PV R 1822) is a fragment of the premaxillae and maxillae, and has previously been described in detail (Owen 1874; Veldmeijer 2003; Rodrigues and Kellner 2008). It has a flattened anterior margin, where the first pair of tooth sockets is located. The second, third and fourth pairs of alveoli face laterally, and the fifth and sixth pairs are situated closer to the midline. Coloborhynchus clavirostris also has an anterior expansion and a strong palatal ridge in addition a robust premaxillary crest, which begins at the tip of the rostrum.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Rodrigues and Kellner (2008) reviewed the taxonomic history of the genus Coloborhynchus and the species Coloborhynchus clavirostris, and thus only the main points are repeated here. The genus and species were erected by Owen (1874). Later authors such as Hooley (1914), Kuhn (1967) and Wellnhofer (1978) regarded it synonymous with Ornithocheirus simus [= Criorhynchus simus]. Lee (1994) revalidated Coloborhynchus, and Unwin (2001) not only considered it a valid genus, but also referred additional species to the genus. Rodrigues and Kellner (2008), noting several unique characters of Coloborhynchus clavirostris, restricted the genus to the type species. This view is followed here.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E9F3DAD08DA6A93F1D4821C57AD7087	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
E5309D9AFCE34E33CF05AD76F0A40AAD.text	E5309D9AFCE34E33CF05AD76F0A40AAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus capito Seeley 1870	<div><p>' Ornithocheirus ' capito Seeley, 1870 Fig. 8</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" capito Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus capito Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 126</p><p>Criorhynchus capito (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchidae incertae sedis: Wellnhofer 1978: 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus capito (Seeley): Unwin 2001: p. 206, table 1</p><p>Ornithocheirus " capito Seeley: Rodrigues and Kellner 2008: p. 226, fig. 4.1, 4.3 "</p><p>Ornithocheirus reedi Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 126</p><p>Ornithocheirus reedii [sic] Seeley: Seeley 1881: p. 13, pl. I, fig. 3</p><p>Criorhynchus reedi (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 538</p><p>Criorhynchus reedii [sic] (Seeley): Arthaber 1922: p. 18</p><p>Criorhynchidae incertae sedis Wellnhofer 1978: 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus capito (Seeley): Unwin 2001: fig. 6C, 8, table 1 [synonymy]</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54625, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 8A-F).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Chesterton, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Referred specimen.</p><p>Holotype of Ornithocheirus reedi Seeley, 1870 (Fig. 8G-J) (from the Cambridge Greensand; current whereabouts unkown).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Anhanguerid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade: anteriorly located and tall premaxillary crest; anterior margin of the premaxillary crest concave in lateral view; first pair of upper teeth positioned on the anterior margin of the rostrum.</p><p>Description.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' capito is known from a fragmentary holotype, which has a tall, anteriorly located premaxillary crest with a concave anterior margin. Due to its fragmentary state, the presence of an anterior expansion cannot be confirmed but is suggested by the structure of the preserved right side of the specimen. These features allow its placement in Anhangueridae .</p><p>A second specimen referable to this species is the holotype of Ornithocheirus reedi . It has a median groove that extends along the height of the crest; such groove is usually considered a sign of abrasion among Cambridge Greensand pterosaurs, but Seeley (1881) affirmed that the bone surface is rather smooth, and abrasion is unlikely. Furthermore, a groove in the midline of the crest is present in the holotype of Uktenadactylus wadleighi (SMU 73058) from the Albian Paw Paw Formation of the USA (Lee 1994; Rodrigues and Kellner 2008), which also has a concave anterior margin of the crest. However, 'Ornithocheirus' capito differs from SMU 73058 in the height of the crest, which is much higher just behind the second pair of alveoli.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' capito differs from Coloborhynchus clavirostris (from a distinct, older deposit, the late Berriasian-Valanginian Hastings Group of the Wealden Supergroup) in the absence of a flat anterior margin of the rostrum. Rodrigues and Kellner (2008) listed four autapomorphies for Coloborhynchus clavirostris, none of which is present in 'Ornithocheirus' capito . It also can be distinguished from Uktenadactylus wadleighi in the absence of an oval depression above the first pair of teeth (Lee 1994; Rodrigues and Kellner 2008).</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' capito can also be distinguished from Ornithocheirus simus, and from Ornithocheirus, by presence of the first pair of teeth in the anterior margin of the premaxillae. In Ornithocheirus simus, the first pair of alveoli is directed ventrally and not located at the tip of the snout. The combination of features seen in 'Ornithocheirus' capito is also absent in Lonchodraco, Cimoliopterus, Camposipterus (see below), or any other known pterosaur, and is diagnostic for the present species even though this species has no autapomorphies.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) synonymized 'Ornithocheirus' reedi with 'Ornithocheirus' capito (as Coloborhynchus capito). 'Ornithocheirus' reedi , described by Seeley (1870),was referred by Hooley (1914) and provisionally by Wellnhofer (1978) to Criorhynchus reedi, and its name was misspelled reedii by Seeley (1881) and readi by Barrett et al. (2008). Its holotype, illustrated by Seeley (1881: pl. I, figs 3a-3b; here as Fig. 8E-H), belonged to the collection of W. Reed of York by the time it was described and could not be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum, the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences or the Manchester Museum during visits in October 2009. Therefore, we base our remarks on the descriptions and illustrations provided by Seeley (1870, 1881).</p><p>Seeley (1870) first described Ornithocheirus reedi and interpreted the holotype as an upper jaw. Later Seeley (1881) redescribed the specimen as a lower jaw, based on the presence of a median groove. Curiously, in the same work, it was illustrated oriented as being a part of a snout. Unfortunately, the specimen was not figured in palatal view, but it is very tall and we here interpret it as the tip of the premaxillae. It bears a median crest with a markedly concave anterior margin. As 'Ornithocheirus' capito and Ornithocheirus reedi share this feature (unknown in other Cambridge Greensand species) and come from the same deposit, we agree with Unwin (2001) that they represent the same taxon. Both were described in the same work (Seeley 1870). Acting as First Reviewer, Unwin (2001) gave priority to the former binomen.</p><p>Here, we recognize that 'Ornithocheirus' capito possibly represents a new genus, but we refrain from naming a new one until better material comes to light. Therefore, we refer to it by the name given in its original description, as 'Ornithocheirus' capito .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5309D9AFCE34E33CF05AD76F0A40AAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
1A588575127F200C93AAD84E4F594DE6.text	1A588575127F200C93AAD84E4F594DE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Camposipterus Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Camposipterus gen. n.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>After the Brazilian paleontologist Diogenes de Almeida Campos, who made valuable contributions to the knowledge of pterosaur diversity in Brazil and was a major influence to us, and pterus, from the Greek pteron, meaning wing.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Ornithocheirus nasutus Seeley, 1870.</p><p>Included species.</p><p>Camposipterus nasutus, Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii and Camposipterus(?) colorhinus .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Albian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaurs with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade: anterior tip of the premaxillae and maxillae round in lateral view; premaxillary crest absent; anterior expansion of the rostrum present; palate curving dorsally; first pair of alveoli located anteriorly.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A588575127F200C93AAD84E4F594DE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
9E2B4D8EFC0CEF9D76569B9943FC1356.text	9E2B4D8EFC0CEF9D76569B9943FC1356.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Camposipterus nasutus (Seeley 1870)	<div><p>Camposipterus nasutus comb. n. Fig. 9</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" nasutus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus nasutus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 120</p><p>Ornithocheirus nasutus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera fittoni (Owen): Unwin 2001: fig. 10C-E, table 1 [synonymy]</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54556, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 9A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Haslingfield, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): dorsal margin of the rostrum straight to gently concave in lateral view; palatal ridge extends anteriorly until just posterior to the second pair of alveoli; spacing between alveoli irregular, with the anterior alveoli closer and the posterior ones more distant from each other; density of almost 3 alveoli each 3 cm anteriorly and 2,5 alveoli each 3 cm posteriorly*; tip of the rostrum dorsoventrally flattened, wider than high in anterior view*; second and third alveoli face lateroventrally; anterior portion of the premaxillae slightly expanded.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Camposipterus nasutus was originally described by Seeley (1870) as Ornithocheirus nasutus . Seeley noted that it has an expansion at the tip of the rostrum, a palatal ridge extending posteriorly to the level of the second pair of alveoli, the first pair of alveoli facing forward, and a dorsoventrally compression of the tip of the rostrum. It differs from Cimoliopterus cuvieri, which possesses a premaxillary crest but no anterior expansion of the rostrum, and which is higher than wide in anterior view, in contrast with the wider than high tip of the rostrum of Camposipterus nasutus .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) synonymized the species with Anhanguera fittoni [= Pterodactylus fittoni, here considered a nomen dubium, see below]. We do not agree with this view because the holotype of Camposipterus nasutus is dorsoventrally flattened and has an anterior expansion. By contrast, Pterodactylus fittoni is known from a fragmentary rostrum that, although incomplete anteriorly, does not share these features. It can also be excluded from Anhanguera because it does not have a premaxillary crest; furthermore, no species definitely referable to Anhanguera has a dorsoventrally flattened rostrum. It can be expected that the description of new, more complete specimens from the Romualdo Formation of the Santana Group, currently under work by several researchers, will help shed light in its relationships with taxa such as Brasileodactylus araripensis Kellner, 1984 (see Kellner 1984), but so far the dorsoventrally flattened anterior end of the rostrum seems to be diagnostic for Camposipterus nasutus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E2B4D8EFC0CEF9D76569B9943FC1356	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
E6FCB3B5605C2C0007475C3DC3B66777.text	E6FCB3B5605C2C0007475C3DC3B66777.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Camposipterus sedgwickii (Owen 1859)	<div><p>Camposipterus (?) sedgwickii (Owen, 1859) comb. n. Fig. 10A-D</p><p>Pterodactylus sedgwickii Owen: Owen 1859: p. 2, pl. I, fig. 1</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Seeley 1870: p. 112</p><p>Coloborhynchus sedgwickii (Owen): Owen 1874: p. 6</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 15</p><p>Ornithocheirus sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Ornithocheirus sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 17</p><p>Ornithocheirus sedgwicki [sic] (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 58, fig. 28</p><p>Coloborhynchus sedgwickii (Owen): Unwin 2001: p. 194, fig. 9, table 1</p><p>"Ornithocheirus" sedgwickii (Owen): Rodrigues and Kellner 2008: p. 226, fig. 4.2, 4.4</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54422, anterior part of the rostrum (Fig. 10A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): tall rostrum; anterior expansion of the rostrum ends abruptly behind the third pair of alveoli*; palatal ridge extending posteriorly to the level of the third pair of alveoli; third pair of alveoli much larger than fourth*.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Owen (1859) described Pterodactylus sedgwickii based on an upper jaw, CAMSM B54422. He pointed out the presence of the first pair of alveoli at the anterior margin of the rostrum, facing forward; an anterior expansion of the rostrum, where the large second and third pairs of alveoli are located; alveoli four to six approximately same size; spacing between alveoli smaller than their diameter; and obtuse tip of the rostrum.</p><p>The third alveoli have different sizes on the left and right sides; this could be explained on taphonomic grounds (e.g., Kellner 2010). On the left side, the bone surrounding the alveolus seems to have been forced outwards, perhaps by phosphate deposition (Seeley 1870). On the other hand, the absence of the fifth alveolus on the left side, as noted by Owen (1859), is a possibly pathological feature seen in other pterosaurs, such as in the holotype of Anhanguera robustus (BSP 1987 I 47) and in a specimen referred to Anhanguera blittersdorffi (Pz-DBAV-UERJ 40).</p><p>It is noteworthy that the drawing of CAMSM B54422 was reversed in Owen (1859) and in Wellnhofer (1978) and Unwin (2001), which present illustrations based on Owen’s . Also, there is a breakage and a discontinuity between the anterior, round part of the rostrum and the more posteriorly located dorsal margin, which is not figured by the aforementioned authors.</p><p>Owen (1859) referred a lower jaw, CAMSM B54421, to the same species, partially based on a similar alveolar density as in the holotype. CAMSM B54421 is very fragmentary and does not have the tip of the mandible preserved. Furthermore, these two specimens do not fit together, with the upper jaw much broader than the lower one. There is no evidence to support placement of CAMSM B54421 in Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii, and we here restrict the species to its type material.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Hooley (1914) and Wellnhofer (1978) placed Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii in Ornithocheirus . It differs from this genus in the absence of a tall rostrum, the first pair of teeth facing ventrally, and other characters (see above). Owen (1874) and Unwin (2001) referred it to Coloborhynchus . Rodrigues and Kellner (2008) excluded Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii from Coloborhynchus, as it differs from Coloborhynchus clavirostris in that the anterior end of the rostrum is round rather than flat and the spacing between the first and second pairs of alveoli is larger in Coloborhynchus clavirostris . Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii shows none of the autapomorphies listed for Coloborhynchus clavirostris . Therefore, we tentatively place this species in the genus Camposipterus . Camposipterus nasutus and Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii share the presence of an expansion of the rostrum, absence of a premaxillary crest, and round rostrum in lateral view. They differ in the different height of the tip of the rostrum, which is taller than wide in Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii, the extension of the palatal ridge, and the size of the expansion, which is larger in Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii than in Camposipterus nasutus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6FCB3B5605C2C0007475C3DC3B66777	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
FA67F8B3FC2CB999984F81092349D1AB.text	FA67F8B3FC2CB999984F81092349D1AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Camposipterus colorhinus (Seeley 1870) Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Camposipterus (?) colorhinus (Seeley, 1870) comb. n. Fig. 10E-H</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" colorhinus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus colorhinus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 124</p><p>Ornithocheirus colorhinus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: fig. 10A, B, table 1</p><p>Syntypes.</p><p>CAMSM B54431 (Fig. 10E-H) and CAMSM B54432, anterior parts of the rostrum.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis .</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): developed anterior expansion, lacking a marked constriction; presence of a depression above the first pair of alveoli; anterior depression faces anteroventrally*; second and third alveoli very large in size; fourth pair of alveoli much smaller than the second and third.</p><p>Description.</p><p>The syntypes, CAMSM B54431 (the more complete one) and CAMSM B54432, both are anterior portions of upper jaws. They are quite incomplete and abraded, but they are identical where comparable and demonstrate that their features are valid morphological characters rather than taphonomic artifacts. Seeley (1870) pointed out the presence of a slightly convex median part of the palate (seen in CAMSM B54431), an anterior expansion of the rostrum, and the large, round alveoli, the first of which faces anteroventrally. Seeley (1870) interpreted the presence of a lunate area as attachment for a lip. We verified this observation but question his interpretation, as the tips of the jaws of pterosaurs were covered by a horny beak (Seeley 1901: fig. 20; Kellner and Tomida 2000; Frey et al. 2003; Pinheiro et al. 2011).</p><p>This lunate area is a depression above the first pair of alveoli; a depression in the same location is also present in Uktenadactylus wadleighi but in the latter the anterior margin of the rostrum faces anteriorly (Lee 1994; Rodrigues and Kellner 2008), whereas in Camposipterus(?) colorhinus this edge faces anteroventrally and, consequently, the orientation of the depression is also different. Furthermore, the first pair of teeth in Uktenadactylus is located higher and the anterior expansion is more squarish and not round as in the species under discussion.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) referred to CAMSM B54431 as "a large individual of Anhanguera cuvieri " [= Cimoliopterus cuvieri]. Camposipterus(?) colorhinus can be excluded from Cimoliopterus cuvieri, which lacks an anterior expansion of the rostrum or a depression above the first pair of alveoli.</p><p>Camposipterus(?) colorhinus shares with Camposipterus nasutus and Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii an anterior expansion of the rostrum and a round profile, and thus is tentatively referred to Camposipterus . As the syntypes are incomplete, it is uncertain if this taxon had a crest. It further shares with Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii the presence of a tall rostrum and robust anterior alveoli. However, Camposipterus(?) colorhinus represents a much larger and more robust pterosaur in comparison with the latter species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA67F8B3FC2CB999984F81092349D1AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
2FD182EA592C3ADDDCCEFE100251EC9A.text	2FD182EA592C3ADDDCCEFE100251EC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cimoliopterus Rodrigues & Kellner 2013	<div><p>Cimoliopterus gen. n.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>From the Greek kimolia, chalk, and pteron, wing.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pterodactylus cuvieri Bowerbank, 1851.</p><p>Included species.</p><p>Cimoliopterus cuvieri .</p><p>Recorded temporal range.</p><p>Cenomanian / Turonian.</p><p>Recorded stratigraphic range.</p><p>Chalk Formation, England.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>As for the type-species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2FD182EA592C3ADDDCCEFE100251EC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
A86827A0DADD013C32EBE1C6262C5727.text	A86827A0DADD013C32EBE1C6262C5727.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cimoliopterus cuvieri (Bowerbank 1851)	<div><p>Cimoliopterus cuvieri comb. n. Fig. 11</p><p>Pterodactylus cuvieri Bowerbank: Bowerbank 1851: p. 15, pl.IV</p><p>Pterodactylus cuvieri Bowerbank: Owen 1851b: p. 29</p><p>Pterodactylus cuvieri Bowerbank: Owen 1851a: p. 88, pl. XXVIII, fig. 1-7</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" cuvieri (Bowerbank): Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus cuvieri (Bowerbank): Seeley 1870: p. 113</p><p>Coloborhynchus cuvieri (Bowerbank): Owen 1874: p. 6</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] cuvieri (Bowerbank): Lydekker 1888: p. 12</p><p>Ornithocheirus cuvieri (Bowerbank): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Ornithocheirus cuvieri (Bowerbank): Arthaber 1922: p. 16, fig. 6</p><p>Ornithocheirus cuvieri (Bowerbank): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 56, fig. 28</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: p. 208, table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 39409, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 11A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Burham, Kent, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Chalk Formation (Cenomanian / Turonian).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): premaxillary crest present; premaxillary crest begins posteriorly (at the seventh pair of alveoli) but before the nasoantorbital fenestra*; palatal ridge extending anteriorly up to the third pair of alveoli; second and third alveoli similar in size and larger than the fourth; spacing between alveoli irregular, with the anterior alveoli more closely spaced and the posterior ones more widely separated from each other; almost 3 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin anteriorly and 2 alveoli each 3 cm posteriorly*; anterior expansion absent; palate dorsally curved.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Bowerbank (1851) described Pterodactylus cuvieri based on the holotype NHMUK PV 39409, which was recovered from the same pit in Burham as the holotype of Lonchodraco giganteus . NHMUK PV 39409 comprises a partial upper jaw. It is narrow in the preserved portion, without an anterior expansion of the rostrum, and presents a premaxillary crest which begins opposite to the seventh pair of alveoli (Bowerbank 1851). Bowerbank (1851) pointed out that the first pair of alveoli is located anteriorly, with the teeth projecting somewhat forwards, and that the spacing between the alveoli is about 1.5 times their diameter, the alveoli being irregularly placed and nearly equidistant. However, the spacing varies, with the first three pairs of alveoli more closely spaced.</p><p>NHMUK PV 39409 was originally reported as having a tooth preserved in the first right alveolus. During examination of the holotype in 2007 and 2009, the tooth was no longer preserved with the holotype and could not be found.</p><p>Cimoliopterus cuvieri differs from Coloborhynchus clavirostris in the lack of an anteriorly flat rostrum, premaxillary crest at the tip of the rostrum, anterior expansion, or the other diagnostic characters of that species (Rodrigues and Kellner 2008). In light of the identification of Ornithocheirus simus as type species of Ornithocheirus, Cimoliopterus cuvieri can be excluded from this genus by the possession of a low rostrum and the first pair of alveoli facing forwards. It can also be excluded from Anhanguera because it does not possess an anterior expansion of the rostrum (diagnostic for Anhangueridae) nor the fourth and fifth alveoli smaller than the third and sixth (diagnostic for Anhanguera). Furthermore, anhanguerids have a premaxillary crest that begins at or near the tip of the rostrum. The more posterior position of the crest in Cimoliopterus cuvieri may indicate that these crests evolved separately. Anhanguera is so far definitely known only from the Romualdo Formation of Brazil (e.g., Kellner and Tomida 2000), which is Albian in age (Pons et al. 1990). A few dozen anhanguerid crania are known, none of which has a posteriorly located premaxillary crest. Therefore, we place Cimoliopterus cuvieri in a new, currently monospecific genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A86827A0DADD013C32EBE1C6262C5727	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
01811293719B4B91A835DC3B67B651FD.text	01811293719B4B91A835DC3B67B651FD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus polyodon Seeley 1870	<div><p>' Ornithocheirus ' polyodon Seeley, 1870 Fig. 12A-D</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" polyodon Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus polyodon Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 121</p><p>Ornithocheirus polyodon Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera fittoni (Owen): Unwin 2001: table 1 [synonymy]</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54440, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 12A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): premaxillary crest absent; anterior expansion absent; palate dorsally curved; moderately developed palatal ridge; palate between the elevated alveolar rims and the palatal ridge concave; palatal ridge extending anteriorly up to the second pair of alveoli; alveoli ventrolaterally oriented; spacing between alveoli less than their diameters; approximately 5.5 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin*.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Seeley (1870) founded 'Ornithocheirus' polyodon upon a fragmentary rostrum. He pointed out that CAMSM B54440 possesses a moderate palatal ridge, dorsally curved palate, first pair of alveoli facing forwards, more posterior alveoli facing more laterally than ventrally, and small spacing between the alveoli. He cited the last feature as the main difference between 'Ornithocheirus' polyodon and Pterodactylus fittoni, thus justifying the creation of a new species.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' polyodon can be excluded from Ornithocheirus because it lacks a tall rostrum. It cannot be referred to Cimoliopterus because the alveolar spacing is quite distinct; in Cimoliopterus cuvieri, only the first three pairs of alveoli are more closely positioned. It can also be excluded from Camposipterus because it lacks an anterior expansion of the rostrum.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' polyodon shares with Lonchodraconidae the presence of small alveoli at the tip of the rostrum, which do not vary significantly in size. However, it differs from members of this clade in lacking an elevated alveolar margin or a prominent palatal ridge, as in Lonchodraco(?) microdon . However, it is possible that such elevation would get deeper posteriorly, but this cannot be confirmed in the holotype. Furthermore, the spacing between the alveoli being smaller than their diameters is not present in other lonchodraconids.</p><p>It is suggested here that 'Ornithocheirus' polyodon might represent a new genus. As the known material is quite incomplete, we refrain from naming this taxon at the present time and use its originally proposed binomen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01811293719B4B91A835DC3B67B651FD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
E3FCFBEE0BA4FA2AD0576505FD33C508.text	E3FCFBEE0BA4FA2AD0576505FD33C508.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus platystomus Seeley 1870	<div><p>' Ornithocheirus ' platystomus Seeley, 1870 Fig. 12E-H</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" platystomus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus platystomus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 120</p><p>Amblydectes platystomus (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchidae incertae sedis:Wellnhofer 1978: 60</p><p>Lonchodectes platystomus (Seeley): Unwin 2001: p. 211, table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54835, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 12E-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Horningsea, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): alveoli small (about 4 to 5 mm in diameter); dorsal margin of the rostrum forms an angle of 27° with the ventral margin*.</p><p>Description.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' platystomus is known from a partial premaxilla and maxillae. As Seeley (1870) pointed out, it is broken in its anterior tip, so that the first pair of alveoli is apparently not preserved. 'Ornithocheirus' platystomus can be excluded from Lonchodraconidae because it does not have raised alveolar rims and lacks a deep palatal ridge. The absence of these characters results in the lack of a parapet-like palate (which distinguishes Lonchodectidae sensu Unwin 2001). 'Ornithocheirus' platystomus presents a relatively tall rostrum, whose dorsal margin forms an angle with the ventral one; this angle lies between those in Ornithocheirus simus and Cimoliopterus cuvieri . The angle (about 27°) is so far unique among the species of the Ornithocheirus complex and confirms it as a valid taxon.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3FCFBEE0BA4FA2AD0576505FD33C508	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
F5105916EA72DAD74E3BD79B3FF802C6.text	F5105916EA72DAD74E3BD79B3FF802C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterodactylus daviesii Owen 1874	<div><p>' Pterodactylus ' daviesii Owen, 1874 Fig. 13A-D</p><p>Pterodactylus daviesii Owen: Owen 1874: p. 2, pl. I, fig. 5-6</p><p>Lonchodectes daviesii (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 538</p><p>Ornithocheirus daviesii (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 16</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] daviesi [sic] (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 23</p><p>Ornithocheirus daviesi [sic] (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 56, fig. 28</p><p>Lonchodectes platystomus (Seeley): Unwin 2001: fig. 12C</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 43074, partial mandibular symphysis (Fig. 13A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Folkestone, Kent, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Gault Clay Formation (Albian).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade (autapomorphies are marked with an asterisk): anterior expansion absent; mandibular crest absent; mandibular groove about 2.5 cm wide; mandibular groove with elevated margins; mandibular groove extends until the second pair of alveoli; alveoli of the anterior portion of the mandible without significant variation in size; alveoli equally spaced; first pair of teeth face anterodorsally; transverse section ‘V-shaped’; approximately 4 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin*.</p><p>Description.</p><p>'Pterodactylus' daviesii is known from a partial mandibular symphysis from the Gault Clay Formation. In his description, Owen (1874) stressed the presence of a mandibular sulcus and that the first pair of alveoli is less elliptical than the remaining ones and directed forwards and upwards. 'Pterodactylus' daviesii presents a unique mosaic of seemingly plesiomorphic features among pterodactyloids. It lacks an anterior expansion, a crest, or any other distinctive dental feature, which would permit referral to a known genus. Instead, it is the combination of these characters that makes this species distinct from all known pterodactyloid genera.</p><p>It shares with Lonchodraconidae the presence of alveoli of the anterior portion of the mandible without significant variation in size, but can be confidently excluded from this clade because its alveoli are slightly larger and are not located on elevated alveolar margins. Although the dentary sulcus is relatively wide, it is narrower than in Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus . 'Pterodactylus' daviesii is also distinct from Lonchodraco giganteus . In the latter, the mandible is very wide, with divergent margins, and rounded anteriorly. Although not comparable to Ornithocheirus simus, it is unlikely that it represents this much larger pterosaur.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) did not cite 'Pterodactylus' daviesii in the text of his review, but illustrated the holotype, referring to it as Lonchodectes [= 'Ornithocheirus'] platystomus, and indicated that it bears a crest. We disagree that NHMUK PV 43074 represents a crested pterosaur; the ventral margin of the dentary is sharp but there is no evidence for a crest. Furthermore, 'Pterodactylus' daviesii is not directly comparable to 'Ornithocheirus' platystomus because the latter is known only from an upper jaw.</p><p>'Pterodactylus' daviesii thus possibly represents a distinct taxon from the Gault Clay Formation. However, we refrain from naming it until more complete material becomes available and refer it using its original designation in single quotation marks.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5105916EA72DAD74E3BD79B3FF802C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
526CABE7441F88169A4B4761AB67F971.text	526CABE7441F88169A4B4761AB67F971.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus denticulatus Seeley 1870	<div><p>' Ornithocheirus ' denticulatus Seeley, 1870 Fig. 13E-H</p><p>Ornithocheirus denticulatus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 122, pl. XII, fig. 8-9</p><p>Ornithocheirus denticulatus Seeley:Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Anterior portion of the rostrum (?CAMSM B 54794) (Fig. 13E-H)</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Pterodactyloid pterosaur with the following combination of characters that distinguishes it from other members of the clade: anterior expansion absent; palate dorsally curved; moderate palatal ridge; palatal ridge extending anteriorly up to the third pair of alveoli; spacing between alveoli approximately equal to their diameters; approximately 4.5 alveoli per 3 cm of jaw margin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>In the original description, Seeley (1870) contrasted this species with 'Ornithocheirus' polyodon (see below). 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus shares with the latter the absence of an anterior expansion, the dorsally curved palate, and moderate size of the palatal ridge. However, in 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus the palatal ridge extends up to the third pair of alveoli, the spacing between the alveoli is larger, and the alveolar density is lower (4.5 alveoli per 3 cm). Because the dorsal margin of the premaxillae is broken, it cannot be access if 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus had a crest.</p><p>'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus does not share the combination of characters present in Ornithocheirus, Lonchodraco, Cimoliopterus and Camposipterus and thus cannot be referred to any of these genera. In particular, 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus lacks the alveolar pattern present in Cimoliopterus cuvieri . 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus somewhat resembles 'Pterodactylus' daviesii in that both lack an anterior expansion of the jaw, sagittal crests, and have alveoli without significant variation in size and equally spaced. They differ in the alveolar density, which is slightly higher in 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus . Unfortunately, the known material of both species is not directly comparable and their taxonomic identity cannot be confirmed.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Collection data provided by the curators at the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences in Cambridge list the specimen CAMSM B 54794 as the holotype of 'Ornithocheirus' denticulatus . However, the specimen could not be found during review of the collection in October 2009. The specimen was, however, one of the few figured by Seeley (1870: pl. XII, figs 8 and 9).</p><p>In the lack of more complete material, we here refrain from naming a new genus based on the present specimen, and refer to it using the binomen in which it was originally proposed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/526CABE7441F88169A4B4761AB67F971	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
FA5D53A969EC71DD3CCB2D6BE0D01E8E.text	FA5D53A969EC71DD3CCB2D6BE0D01E8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaeornis cliftii Mantell 1844	<div><p>Palaeornis cliftii Mantell, 1844 (nomen dubium)</p><p>Palaeornis cliftii Mantell: Mantell 1844: p. 806, fig. 149</p><p>Palaeornis cliftii Pterosaur bones: Owen 1846b: fig. 1-4</p><p>Pterodactylus sylvestris Owen: Owen 1859: p. 15</p><p>Pterodactylus ornis Owen: Owen 1861: p. 17</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic](?) clifti [sic] (Mantell): Lydekker 1888: p. 25</p><p>Ornithocheirus clifti (Mantell): Hooley 1914: p. 539</p><p>Ornithocheiridae incertae sedis: Wellnhofer 1978: 58</p><p>Ornithostoma sedgwicki (Seeley): Averianov 2011: p. 46</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 2353 and 2353a, partial left humerus.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cuckfield, Sussex, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation (Witton et al. 2009), Hastings Group.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species was first described as a bird (Mantell 1837, 1844) and later identified as a pterosaur bone (Owen 1846b). Newton (1888) pointed out that Palaeornis cliftii was a nomen dubium, and we concur. Witton et al. (2009) have recently thoroughly reviewed the taxonomic history and provided a detailed morphological description of Palaeornis cliftii, also considering it a nomen dubium. They also analyzed its phylogenetic affinities and pointed out that its classification as Ornithocheirus is problematic in part because the specimen cannot be compared with the holotype of Ornithocheirus [simus] . They identified the humerus as pertaining to Lonchodectidae (sensu Unwin 2001); however, as in the case with Ornithocheirus simus, no species referred in Lonchodectes (sensu Unwin 2001) or Yixianopterus jingangshanensis ( Lü et al. 2006) has a known humerus, despite their illustration of a humerus allegedly pertaining to Lonchodectes . Subsequently, Averianov (2011) interpreted this specimen, along with some material from the Cambridge Greensand, as an azhdarchoid, more specifically Ornithostoma, which is known only from cranial material. As Palaeornis cliftii is funded upon non-diagnostic material, we consider it a nomen dubium and Azhdarchoidea indet.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA5D53A969EC71DD3CCB2D6BE0D01E8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
6E3419720B1173633E21D686AEB99058.text	6E3419720B1173633E21D686AEB99058.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Osteornis diomedeus Gervais 1844	<div><p>Osteornis diomedeus Gervais, 1844 (nomen dubium)</p><p>Osteornis diomedeus Gervais: Gervais 1844: p. 38</p><p>Cimoliornis diomedeus (Gervais): Owen 1846a: p. 545, fig. 230.</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] diomedius [sic] (Gervais): Lydekker 1888: p. 13</p><p>Ornithocheirus diomedius [sic] (Gervais): Hooley 1914: p. 539</p><p>Ornithocheiridae incertae sedis: Wellnhofer 1978: 58</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 39418, distal end of a wing metacarpal.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Chesterton, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Chalk Formation (Cenomanian / Turonian).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Owen (1842) briefly described and figured a specimen (NHMUK PV 39418) that he considered to be the distal end of a tibia, belonging to a bird similar to an albatross, but he did not name it (Owen 1842: fig. 2). Gervais (1844) agreed with this identification and named it Osteornis diomedeus . Latter, Owen (1846a) remarked that Gervais used the name Osteornis not in the sense of a genus, but as a name he applied it to all fossil bird bones, and redesignated NHMUK PV 39418 as the type of Cimoliornis diomedeus . The specimen is now considered a fragment of the distal part of the wing metacarpal of a pterosaur (Owen 1859, 1874; Newton 1888; Wellnhofer 1978; Martill 2010). Hooley (1914) placed it provisionally in Ornithocheirus, while Wellnhofer (1978) referred it to Ornithocheiridae incertae sedis. Several authors (Hooley 1914; Lydekker 1888; Wellnhofer 1978; Martill 2010) misspelled the specific epithet as diomedius.</p><p>The two known pterosaur clades from the Chalk Formation are the Lonchodraconidae and Cimoliopterus cuvieri, whose metacarpals are unknown. This material is quite fragmentary, and its structure does not allow species or genus-level identification. Therefore, Cimoliornis diomedeus is considered a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E3419720B1173633E21D686AEB99058	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
99919E6FF19BA6C14E869F3CF91D36AD.text	99919E6FF19BA6C14E869F3CF91D36AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterodactylus compressirostris Owen 1851	<div><p>Pterodactylus compressirostris Owen, 1851 (nomen dubium) Fig. 14</p><p>Pterodactylus compressirostris Owen: Owen 1851b: p. 32, pl. V, figs 1-3. Owen 1851a: p. 95, pl. XXVIII, figs 8-10.</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] compressirostris (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 11.</p><p>Ornithocheirus compressirostris (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 16, fig. 5.</p><p>Lonchodectes compressirostris (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 535.</p><p>Ornthocheirus [sic] compressirostris (Owen): Kuhn 1967: p. 42.</p><p>Ornithocheirus compressirostris (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 56, fig. 4.</p><p>Lonchodectes compressirostris (Owen): Unwin 2001: p. 210, table 1.</p><p>Syntype.</p><p>NHMUK PV 39410, partial rostrum and mandible (Fig. 14A-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Burham, Kent, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Chalk Formation (Cenomanian / Turonian).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The holotype of Pterodactylus compressirostris consists of the middle portion of the rostrum (Fig. 14E-H), without the anterior end of the rostrum, and by a mandibular fragment that is strongly compressed mediolaterally (Fig. 14A-D). The rostrum has been subject to some distortion. The symphyseal fragment has been considered part of the upper jaw since its original description (Owen 1851b), until Kellner (1990: 100) demonstrated the presence of a medial groove and reidentified it as a lower jaw. Owen (1851a) referred both specimens to the same species, because they come "from the same pit, if not from the same block". It is unclear whether these specimens were found associated, and they could well represent different individuals (even if conspecific). It is noteworthy that at least two different pterosaur species from the Chalk Formation were found in the same pit ( Cimoliopterus cuvieri and Lonchodraco giganteus, according to Bowerbank 1852). Kellner (1990) suggested that these two fragments might belong to different individuals, so that (1) they should receive separate catalog numbers, and (2) one of them should be designated the lectotype. As the majority of species from the Ornithocheirus complex is based on jaw tips, we here designate the mandibular fragment as the lectotype, with the original catalogue number NHMUK PV 39410. The other specimen, comprising the middle part of the rostrum, should be renumbered.</p><p>The lectotype of Pterodactylus compressirostris does not have a mandibular crest or raised alveoli, excluding it from Lonchodraconidae . It is distinctly compressed, incomplete, and non-diagnostic. Regarding the the cranial portion, few comparisons to Lonchodraco(?) microdon are possible as the specimens are not directly comparable, but they differ in the depth of the palatal ridge, which is lower in Pterodactylus compressirostris . The cranial fragment has small and widely spaced alveoli, reminiscent of Lonchodraconidae, but it is not possible to evaluate whether this feature extended to the tips of the jaws, as in Lonchodraco giganteus, Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus, and Lonchodraco(?) microdon, or if the anteriormost alveoli showed size variation, as in Anhangueridae . The referred specimen shares with Anhangueridae small alveoli on raised alveolar margins in the posterior portion of the maxillae, with the spacing between them roughly equivalent to their diameters. It differs from Anhangueridae in the lack of a premaxillary crest. However, crucial information is lacking due to the absence of the anterior portion of the rostrum in this specimen, a portion very diagnostic for toothed pteranodontoids, and upon which the taxonomy of the group is largely based. Both specimens upon which the species is based are uninformative. Therefore, we here consider Pterodactylus compressirostris a nomen dubium.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Pterodactylus compressirostris was until recently involved in a taxonomic problem. Khozatskii and Yur’ev (1964) and Kuhn (1967) erroneously considered it the type species of Ornithocheirus . This proposal was adopted by latter researchers (Wellnhofer 1978; Kellner and Tomida 2000; Veldmeijer et al. 2009). Unwin (2001), however, demonstrated that the type species of Ornithocheirus should be Ornithocheirus simus by monotypy.</p><p>To further complicate the taxonomy of this species, Kuhn (1967) also referred Pterodactylus compressirostris as the type species of Lonchodectes, and considered Lonchodectes synonymous with Ornithocheirus . Because we consider Pterodactylus compressirostris a nomen dubium, the genus Lonchodectes Hooley, 1914 and the family Lonchodectidae Unwin, 2001 should not be used.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/99919E6FF19BA6C14E869F3CF91D36AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
65109442C3E4471C040D59B4F22D4165.text	65109442C3E4471C040D59B4F22D4165.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterodactylus fittoni Owen 1859	<div><p>Pterodactylus fittoni Owen, 1859 (nomen dubium) Fig. 15A-D</p><p>Pterodactylus fittoni Owen: Owen 1859: p. 4, pl. I, fig. 3</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" fittoni (Owen): Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus fittoni (Owen): Seeley 1870: p. 118</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic] fittoni (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 15</p><p>Ornithocheirus fittoni (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Ornithocheirus fittoni (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 17</p><p>Ornithocheirus fittoni (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 57</p><p>Anhanguera fittoni (Owen): Unwin 2001: p. 194, fig. 10F-G, table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54423, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 15A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>CAMSM B54423 is a fragment of the anterior portion of the premaxillae and maxillae, lacking the anteriormost end. It is likely that the first pair of alveoli is not preserved (Unwin 2001, contra Owen 1859), as small and anteriorly located first pair of alveoli is common among Cambridge Greensand pterosaurs. This possibility becomes more likely when Pterodactylus fittoni is compared with Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus: both possess similar structure and size, but the latter has the first pair of alveoli preserved. CAMSM B54423 is low dorsoventrally and shows no signs of an anterior expansion or a premaxillary crest. However, these absences could be due to poor preservation as the specimen is fragmentary; for instance, the presence of a posteriorly located crest as in Cimoliopterus cuvieri cannot be ruled out. Pterodactylus fittoni shares with Cimoliopterus cuvieri a low tip of the snout, the absence of an anterior expansion, a dorsally curved palate and, if the first preserved pair of alveoli is actually the second pair, a palatal ridge extending back to the third pair of alveoli. CAMSM B54423 differs from Cimoliopterus cuvieri in the height of the rostrum and in that the tip of the rostrum is wider than high; this last feature could be due to the fracture of the tip. In conclusion, Pterodactylus fittoni cannot be excluded from Cimoliopterus cuvieri but it also cannot be definitely referred to that species and therefore it is considered here a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/65109442C3E4471C040D59B4F22D4165	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
4D0F73B2AFD2BD13A030119C77EAACCF.text	4D0F73B2AFD2BD13A030119C77EAACCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterodactylus woodwardi Owen 1861	<div><p>Pterodactylus woodwardi Owen, 1861 (nomen dubium) Fig. 15E-H</p><p>Pterodactylus woodwardi Owen: Owen 1861: p. 4, pl. II, fig. 3</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" woodwardi (Owen): Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus woodwardi (Owen): Seeley 1870: p. 125</p><p>Ornithochirus [sic](?) simus (Owen): Lydekker 1888: p. 16</p><p>Criorhynchus woodwardi (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchus woodwardi (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 18</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus sedgwickii (Owen): Unwin 2001: p. 194, table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54433a, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 15E-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The holotype of Pterodactylus woodwardi comprises a fragment of the anterior portion of the tip of the rostrum. It is quite incomplete, consisting mostly of a transverse section. The first pair of teeth is located anteriorly, and the second pair faces anteroventrally. There is no premaxillary crest at the anteriormost tip of the rostrum, but the presence of a more posteriorly located crest cannot be ruled out. The specimen is very fragmentary and several important characters cannot be observed on it. Therefore, it is considered a nomen dubium.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Pterodactylus woodwardi was listed as Ornithocheirus woodwardi by Seeley (1870). Lydekker (1888) also referred it to Ornithocheirus, but as Ornithocheirus simus (with the misspelling Ornithochirus). Wellnhofer (1978) considered it synonymous with Criorhynchus [= Ornithocheirus] simus. Hooley (1914) referred it as Criorhynchus woodwardi . Most recently, Unwin (2001) synonymized it with Coloborhynchus [= Camposipterus(?)] sedgwickii.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D0F73B2AFD2BD13A030119C77EAACCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
24E33431B1D63C22C7F9D48D286FCE4C.text	24E33431B1D63C22C7F9D48D286FCE4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 16A-D</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" brachyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 123</p><p>Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54443, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 16A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus is known from the tip of a snout, with a dorsally curved palate and lacking an anteriorly located crest. It shares with Cimoliopterus cuvieri features such as the curved palate, the anterior end being higher than wide, lack of an anterior expansion, and absence of an anterior crest. The structure of Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus corresponds perfectly to the tip of the snout of Cimoliopterus cuvieri and it is possibly referable to that species, as Unwin (2001) has suggested. However, CAMSM B54443 is fragmentary and therefore it is not possible to establish if it had a posteriorly located crest and the alveoli size variation diagnostic of Cimoliopterus cuvieri . Thus, Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus is here considered a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/24E33431B1D63C22C7F9D48D286FCE4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
6C9CBC4AEFD2CD19341E0E6E0367748E.text	6C9CBC4AEFD2CD19341E0E6E0367748E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus carteri Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus carteri Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 16E-H</p><p>Ornithocheirus carteri Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus carteri Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 128</p><p>Criorhynchus carteri (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchus simus (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978: p. 60</p><p>Ornithocheirus simus (Owen): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54437, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 16E-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Seeley (1870) named this species based on some differences between CAMSM B 54437 and the holotype of Ornithocheirus simus . He noted that the rostrum is not as high and narrower; the lateral surfaces bear several longitudinal furrows, which he believed to be impressions of blood vessels; and the first pair of teeth are larger, more conical, circular, and separated by a large gap. Although the rostrum is not as tall as in Ornithocheirus simus, it is not possible to determine if this size difference is merely ontogenetic. However, the separation between the right and left teeth of the first pair of alveoli is larger than the holotype of Ornithocheirus simus . Therefore, we reject referring Ornithocheirus carteri to Ornithocheirus simus and consider it a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C9CBC4AEFD2CD19341E0E6E0367748E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
41114BADF7BED92F37362F5B3DC7A3BA.text	41114BADF7BED92F37362F5B3DC7A3BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus crassidens Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus crassidens Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 17A-D</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" crassidens Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus crassidens Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 122</p><p>Amblydectes crassidens (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchidae incertae sedis:Wellnhofer 1978: 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus sedgwickii (Owen): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54499, anterior portion of a jaw (Fig. 17A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description: CAMSM B 54499 is a very fragmentary specimen, in which much of the left side, especially the oral surface, was not preserved. Seeley (1870) tentatively identified it as premaxillae. He compared it to Camposipterus(?) colorhinus and, among other differences, observed that Ornithocheirus crassidens lacks the depression above the first pair of alveoli diagnostic for Camposipterus(?) colorhinus, so Seeley (1870) considered it a new species. Based on its height the holotype seems to be an upper jaw, but neither a ridge nor a sulcus are evident and thus it is not possible to identify it with certainty. The species is considered here a nomen dubium.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The taxonomy of this species is controversial. It was placed in the genus Ornithocheirus by Seeley (1870). Hooley (1914) attributed Ornithocheirus crassidens to a new genus, Amblydectes, and Wellnhofer (1978) referred it as a Criorhynchidae incertae sedis and provisionally placed it in Criorhynchus . Most recently, Unwin (2001) considered it synonymous with Coloborhynchus [= Camposipterus(?)] sedgwickii.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/41114BADF7BED92F37362F5B3DC7A3BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
4F5C803DA15C35276FFDD064D375CB70.text	4F5C803DA15C35276FFDD064D375CB70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus dentatus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus dentatus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 17E-H</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" dentatus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus dentatus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 119</p><p>Ornithocheirus dentatus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54544, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 17E-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Seeley (1870) described Ornithocheirus dentatus based on a fragmentary anterior portion of an upper jaw. Interestingly, CAMSM B 54544 lacks a fully developed alveolus on the right side (possibly the third), but differing from Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii and Anhanguera blittersdorffi (Pz-DBAV UERJ 40) because its margins are slightly marked. In the other specimens, the margins are completely absent.</p><p>Seeley (1870) compared and distinguished Ornithocheirus dentatus from Ornithocheirus [= Camposipterus(?)] sedgwickii based on a wider palate and smaller teeth. It is hard to understand what he meant by wider palate, since CAMSM B 54544 is quite smaller individual in comparison to the holotype of Camposipterus(?) sedgwickii, but both species can be further distinguished by the lack of an anterior expansion and of a dorsally curved palate in Ornithocheirus dentatus, besides a lower rostrum in the latter.</p><p>Unwin (2001) synonymized Ornithocheirus dentatus with Anhanguera [= Cimoliopterus] cuvieri. However, Seeley (1870) had already noticed that both species can be differentiated by the presence of smaller alveoli, which are placed more closely together. It can also be excluded from the Lonchodraconidae as it does not possess a deep palatal ridge or alveoli placed on elevations. Due to fragmentary state of CAMSM B 54544, we regard Ornithocheirus dentatus as a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F5C803DA15C35276FFDD064D375CB70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
7DE33623D6E25775248D50BC19F900A3.text	7DE33623D6E25775248D50BC19F900A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 18A-D</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" enchorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 123</p><p>Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54444, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 18A-D).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>CAMSM B 54444 is a fragment of the anterior portion of the premaxillae and maxillae, including three pairs of alveoli. The first pair of alveoli is located anteriorly, separated by a thin wall of bone from the second pair. The spacing between the second and third pairs is larger but still smaller than the diameter of the alveoli. Such spacing is common within species of the Ornithocheirus complex which share dorsal curvature of the palate, as is in the present specimen.</p><p>Seeley (1870) noted that it was similar to Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus but is larger, has a wider palate, lacks a palatal ridge, and has a larger first pair of alveoli. These size differences could be due to ontogeny, whereas the absence of a ridge could be explained by postmortem abrasion. Seeley (1870) compared it with Camposipterus(?) colorhinus, but pointed out that the latter has a diagnostic anterior depression, which is absent in CAMSM B 54444.</p><p>Unwin (2001) synonymized Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus with Anhanguera [= Cimoliopterus] cuvieri. Both species are quite similar, sharing features such as the absence of a crest on the anterior end of the rostrum, the dorsally curved palate, the first pair of teeth facing anteriorly, and the absence of an anterior expansion. However, as in the case of Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus, the incompleteness of the holotype of Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus precludes it from being compared to Cimoliopterus cuvieri . Therefore, Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus is considered here a nomen dubium.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Hooley (1914) agreed with Seeley (1870) that this species should be referred to Ornithocheirus, and Wellnhofer (1978) provisionally followed him. Unwin (2001) synonymized it with Anhanguera [= Cimoliopterus] cuvieri.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7DE33623D6E25775248D50BC19F900A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
5D871AB0D0E8BB3973DAC4E89C208074.text	5D871AB0D0E8BB3973DAC4E89C208074.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus eurygnathus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus eurygnathus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 18E-H</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" eurygnathus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus eurygnathus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 123</p><p>Amblydectes eurygnathus (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 536</p><p>Criorhynchidae incertae sedis:Wellnhofer 1978: 60</p><p>Coloborhynchus capito (Seeley): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B54644, anterior fragment of an?upper jaw (Fig. 18E-H).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Ditton, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>CAMSM B54644 was tentatively identified by Seeley (1870) as the tip of a dentary. It has very large alveoli and an oval depression between the first pair of alveoli; it also has a median crest beginning at the tip of the jaw. Upon examination, it could be observed that the crest is fairly high, so the fragment could be an upper jaw. However, the presence of neither a palatal ridge nor a dentary sulcus could be recognized in the specimen, so it is not possible to identify it as an upper jaw with certainty. Therefore, we consider the species a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D871AB0D0E8BB3973DAC4E89C208074	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
B7B3D42B5970DE611E64CE89713C8C4B.text	B7B3D42B5970DE611E64CE89713C8C4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 19A-B</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" oxyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 117</p><p>Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54612, anterior fragment of an upper jaw (Fig. 19A-B).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Smithswashing, Coton, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus was described by Seeley (1870) based on CAMSM B 54612, a portion of an upper jaw, with a palatal ridge and some alveoli. However, the specimen is incomplete and lacks any features that justify recognition of a distinct species. We here regard it as a nomen dubium.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Unwin (2001) classified it as a nomen nudum; however, it has a proper description (like most of the new species described by Seeley in 1870) so it is not technically a nomen nudum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B7B3D42B5970DE611E64CE89713C8C4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
CBF813E70779EF85E51ADF77FE522CC2.text	CBF813E70779EF85E51ADF77FE522CC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 19C-E</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" scaphorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 119</p><p>Lonchodectes scaphorhynchus (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54441, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 19C-E).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Seeley (1870) described Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus based on fragmentary conjoined premaxillae and maxillae. The incompleteness of the specimen makes it difficult to refer it with certainty to any known genus. The alveolar margin is poorly preserved but it does not seem to fit the alveolar spacing pattern in the holotype of Cimoliopterus cuvieri . It has a somewhat raised alveolar margin but the palatal ridge is not deep, as diagnostic for Lonchodraco . Therefore, Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus is considered here a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBF813E70779EF85E51ADF77FE522CC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
A45B5FFDA4CE29B11A03A68FA0AAA2CE.text	A45B5FFDA4CE29B11A03A68FA0AAA2CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus tenuirostris Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus tenuirostris Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 19F-I</p><p>"Ptenodactylus" tenuirostris Seeley: Seeley 1869: p. xvi [disclaimed]</p><p>Ornithocheirus tenuirostris Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 114</p><p>Lonchodectes tenuirostris (Seeley): Hooley 1914: p. 535</p><p>Lonchodectes compressirostris (Owen): Unwin 2001: fig. 11A-B, table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>CAMSM B 54584, anterior portion of the rostrum (Fig. 19F-I).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Coton, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ornithocheirus tenuirostris was described by Seeley (1870). He noted that it is a fragment of an upper jaw, broken at both ends. The transverse section varies from elliptical in outline posteriorly to somewhat triangular anteriorly; the specimen has suffered some distortion. The alveoli are elliptical and well separated from each other. It was recently synonymized with Lonchodectes [= Pterodactylus] compressirostris by Unwin (2001), who stated that CAMSM B 54584 is identical to the holotype of the latter. Both holotypes, however, are not comparable. CAMSM B 54584 most probably comes from a portion more anteriorly located on the jaw than represented by the referred specimen of Pterodactylus compressirostris, and the holotype, previously interpreted as an upper jaw, is actually part of a mandibular symphysis (see above). Furthermore, Ornithocheirus tenuirostris can be excluded from Lonchodraconidae because the palatal ridge and the alveolar margins are not raised, as in the species referred to that clade. Ornithocheirus tenuirostris lacks any diagnostic features and is considered a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A45B5FFDA4CE29B11A03A68FA0AAA2CE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
B53025763D530C18BC5512710C71B297.text	B53025763D530C18BC5512710C71B297.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley 1870	<div><p>Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley, 1870 (nomen dubium) Fig. 19J-K</p><p>Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1870: p. 117</p><p>Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley: Seeley 1881: p. 18, plate I, fig. 2</p><p>Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley: Hooley 1914: p. 538</p><p>Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley: Arthaber 1922: p. 17</p><p>Anhanguera cuvieri (Bowerbank): Unwin 2001: table 1</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>anterior portion of the rostrum (collection data could not be recovered) (Fig. 19J-K).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian; fossils Albian in age).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The holotype of Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus was illustrated by Seeley (1881: plate I, Figs 2a and 2b), and, as the type material of 'Ornithocheirus' reedi , belonged to the collection of W. Reed of York at the time when it was first described. It could not be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum, the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, or the Manchester Museum during visits in October 2009. Therefore, we base our remarks on the descriptions and illustrations provided by Seeley (1870, 1881).</p><p>The species was based on a fragmentary mandible, lacking the tip. It did not have a dentary crest (Seeley 1870). Unwin (2001) recently referred it to Anhanguera [= Cimoliopterus] cuvieri. However, the latter is known by a cranial material from the Chalk Formation, whereas Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus is known only by a partial lower jaw from the Cambridge Greensand. As both species are known by material which is not directly comparable, the proposed synonymy can be rejected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B53025763D530C18BC5512710C71B297	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
65B46BACD1ABB1B84A5DF1A342466211.text	65B46BACD1ABB1B84A5DF1A342466211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterodactylus sagittirostris Owen 1874	<div><p>Pterodactylus sagittirostris Owen, 1874 (nomen dubium) Fig. 20</p><p>Pterodactylus sagittirostris Owen: Owen 1874: p. 3, pl. II, fig 1-8.</p><p>Lonchodectes sagittirostris (Owen): Hooley 1914: p. 538.</p><p>Ornithocheirus sagittirostris (Owen): Arthaber 1922: p. 16.</p><p>Ornithocheirus sagittirostris (Owen): Wellnhofer 1978.</p><p>Lonchodectes sagittirostris (Owen): Unwin 2001: 209.</p><p>Lonchodectes sagittirostris (Owen): Martill, Sweetman and Witton 2011: p. 385, fig. 25.12</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>NHMUK PV R 1823, partial mandibular rami (Fig. 20A-E).</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>St.-Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex. England.</p><p>Type horizon.</p><p>Hastings Group, Wealden (late Berriasian / Valanginian).</p><p>Description.</p><p>The holotype of Pterodactylus sagittirostris consists of partial associated mandibular rami. The specimen is not comparable to any of the species referred in Lonchodectes by Hooley (1914) and Unwin (2001) because they are mostly based on jaw tips. Its teeth are elongated and differ from the shorter ones present in Lonchodraco giganteus, and hence Pterodactylus sagittirostris cannot be referred to Lonchodraconidae (which corresponds more or less to the Lonchodectidae sensu Unwin 2001). An apparent elevation of the alveolar margin, forming a collar around the teeth, rather seems to be an artifact of the partial preparation of the specimen; in the right ramus, which has been more extensively prepared, this collar is, in fact, smaller and resembles the one observed in other pterosaurs, such as anhanguerids. This specimen presents no diagnostic characters or character combination, and therefore Pterodactylus sagittirostris is considered a nomen dubium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/65B46BACD1ABB1B84A5DF1A342466211	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Rodrigues, Taissa;Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin	Rodrigues, Taissa, Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin (2013): Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England. ZooKeys 308: 1-112, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.308.5559
