identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039887F81F2C1217FF3DFB23A62A8335.text	039887F81F2C1217FF3DFB23A62A8335.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tobrilus methanus	<div><p>Tobrilus methanus sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 1, 2; Table 1,2)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male, slide reference number 102/56, deposited in the helminthological museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Center for Parasitology RAS (Moscow, Russia) .</p><p>Paratypes. Seven males and ten females deposited in the collection of the Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk, Russia).</p><p>Type locality. Posol’skaya Banka elevation ( South Baikal, N 52°02ʹ08ʺ, E 105°50ʹ36ʺ) methane seep, Lake Baikal, Russia, depth 500 m, silt. Nematodes were collected on 3 July 2015.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet means “methane’, “from area of methane seep”.</p><p>Description. Male. Body comparatively short and thin. Cuticle finely annulated, about 1 µm thick at midbody. Cuticular rings narrow, poorly visible. Crystalloids numerous; somatic setae short and rare. Labial region slightly offset from the adjacent body; lips well developed. Body diameter at the posterior pharynx end 3.0–4.7 times the width of the labial region. Inner labial sensillae papilliform. Six outer labial sensillae in the shape of thin setae 3.0–4.0 µm long, 20–27 % of labial region width. Four cephalic setae in the shape of thin setae 2.5–3.0 µm long. Both circles of setae drawn close together. Cheilostom comparatively large. Buccal cavity narrow, funnelshaped. Dorsal pocket hardly visible. Both subventral pockets overlapping adjacent to each other, poorly developed. Teeth in pockets small. Stoma 1.5–1.8 times as long as labial region width. Amphid fovea cup-shaped, opening at the level of buccal cavity. Pharynx muscular, comparatively long, expanding gradually along its entire length. Cardiac gland large, rounded, 20–25 µm long. Ventral gland, its canal, ampulla and excretory pore not observed.</p><p>Testes paired, opposed, situated to the left of intestine; anterior testis outstretched, posterior testis reflexed. Vas deferens well developed. Spicules comparatively short, slightly curved, 1.1–1.3 times as long as the cloacal body diameter. Gubernaculum in the shape of a thin plate, 1.9–2.4 times less than spicule length. Precloacal supplements 6 in number, small, submerged. Ampulla of supplement flattened, its contents concentrated at ampulla base. Cap of supplement absent. Central thorn protruding slightly above cuticle. Distance from cloaca to first supplement 35–55 µm. Length of supplement row is 170–260 µm. Tail slender, long, elongate-conical, with subterminal seta. Caudal glands poorly visible. Spinneret in the shape of a short and thin tube.</p><p>Female. General morphology is similar to that of males in structure of cuticle and anterior body end. Cuticle finely annulated. Labial region slightly offset from the adjacent body; lips very well developed. Inner labial sensillae papilliform. Outer labial sensillae and cephalic sensillae in the shape of thin setae. Both circles of setae drawn close together. Cheilostom small; buccal cavity narrow, funnel-shaped. Both subventral pockets overlapping adjacent to each other. Teeth in pockets small. Pharynx muscular, expanding gradually towards base. Cardia small, surrounded by 3 oval glands. Prerectum not observed. Rectum length equal to or slightly greater than anal body diameter. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic. Ovaries situated to the left of intestine, reflexed and comparatively short. Oocytes numerous. Vulva a transverse slit and situated slightly anterior to mid-body. Vulva lips not sclerotized and not protruding outside the body contour. Cuticular wrinkles round vulva and vulva glands not seen. Vagina short, with thick walls. Uterus containing one or two eggs, measuring 65– 70 x 28 –35 µm. Tail long, elongate-conical, with subterminal seta. Three caudal glands present, opening through a short, tube-like spinneret.</p><p>Characters Holotype Paratype males (n = 7) Paratype females (n = 10)</p><p>male</p><p>range mean range mean Diagnosis. Body comparatively short and thin (L = 1040–1505 µm, a = 20–29). Cuticle finely annulated. Crystalloids numerous. Outer labial setae and cephalic arranged in single circle. Outer labial setae longer than cephalic setae and as long as 20–27% of labial region width. Cheilostom comparatively large. Buccal cavity narrow, funnel-shaped. Both subventral pockets overlapping adjacent to each other, poorly developed. Stoma 1.5– 1.8 as long as labial region width. Spicules comparatively short, slightly curved, 1.1–1.3 times as long as the cloacal body diameter. Gubernaculum in the shape of a thin plate. Precloacal supplementary organs 6 in number, vesiculate, small, completely submerged under cuticle except for a short thorn protruding beyond cuticle. Subterminal seta at tail present.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Tobrilus methanus sp. n. similar to T. modestus Gagarin, 1996 and T. incognitus Tsalolikhin, 1972 in body size and shape and structure of stoma. From the first species it differs in the thinner body (a = 20–29 vs a = 15.2–18.5 in T. modestus), longer pharynx (b = 3.4–4.4 vs b = 5.9–6.6 in T. modestus), comparatively longer tail (c ʹ = 3.4–5.0 vs c ʹ = 2.0– 2.5 in T. modestus), lower number of supplementary organs (6 vs 7–8 in T. modestus) and presence of subterminal setae on the tail (Gagarin 1996). From the second species T. methanus sp. n. differs in the thicker body (a = 20–29 vs a = 35–57 in T. incognitus), longer pharynx (b = 3.4–4.4 vs b = 5.1–5.8 in T. incognitus), shorter outer labial setae (3–4 µm long vs 10 µm long in T. incognitus) and presence of crystalloids (Tsalolikhin 1972).</p><p>Faunistic remarks. At present, the genus Tobrilus Andrássy, 1959 contains 21–23 valid species (Andrássy 2007, Zullini 2006). Nine species have been found in the Lake Baikal: T. amabilis Tsalolikhin, 1974, T. bekmanae Tsalolikhin, 1975, T. incognitus Tsalolikhin, 1972, T. latens Tsalolikhin, 1974, T. longisetosus Gagarin &amp; Naumova, 2011, T. macramphis Tsalolikhin, 1977, T. securus Gagarin &amp; Naumova, 2011, T. undophylus Shoshin, 1988 and T. methanus sp. n. Morphometrics of these nine species are given in Table 2; a dichotomous key for determination of species is given below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887F81F2C1217FF3DFB23A62A8335	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gagarin, Vladimir G.;Naumova, Tatyana V.	Gagarin, Vladimir G., Naumova, Tatyana V. (2016): Tobrilus methanus sp. n. and Tripyla posolskii sp. n. (Nematoda, Triplonchida) from Lake Baikal, Russia. Zootaxa 4196 (1): 95-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4196.1.5
039887F81F2B121BFF3DFD68A04F86D3.text	039887F81F2B121BFF3DFD68A04F86D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tripyla posolskii	<div><p>Tripyla posolskii sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 3, 4; Table 3)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male, slide reference number 102/57, deposited in the helminthological museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Center for Parasitology , RAS (Moscow, Russia) .</p><p>Paratypes. Twelve males and twelve females deposited in the collection of the Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk, Russia).</p><p>Type locality. Region of Posol’skaya Banka elevation ( South Baikal, N 52°02ʹ08ʺ, E 105°50ʹ36ʺ), Lake Baikal, Russia, depth 500 m, silt. Nematodes were collected on 3 July 2015.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet means “from Posol’skaya Banka”, the type locality.</p><p>Description. Male. Body of average size and average thickness. Cuticle annulated. Somatic setae and crystalloids absent. Lips three. Labial region narrow, not offset. Inner labial sensillae papilliform. Six outer labial sensillae in the shape of large and stout papillae 5–6 µm long, 21–23% of labial region width. Four cephalic sensillae in the shape of thin setae the same length. Both rings of sensillae are arranged at a considerable distance (7.5–8.5 µm) from each other. Stoma not developed. Small tooth located in internal part of pharynx at distance 21– 26 µm from anterior body end. Pharynx muscular, expanding gradually towards its base. Cardia small, surrounded by 3 oval glands. Renette, renette canal, ampulla and excretory pore not observed. Amphidial fovea cup-shaped, 6– 8 µm wide, located at distance 14–20 µm from anterior body end. Testes paired, opposed, situated to the left of intestine; anterior testis outstretched, posterior testis reflexed. Vas deferens well developed. Spicules comparatively short and stout, 1.0–1.2 times as long as the cloacal body diameter, with well developed, roundish capitulum. Gubernaculum in the shape of a thin plate, 18–27 µm long. Spicules and gubernaculum are contained in muscular sac. Supplementary organs in the shape of small, hardly visible papillae, 14–19 in number; 5–6 supplementary organs located in pharynx region. Tail long with conical proximal and cylindrical distal portions. Distal portion 1.7–1.9 times as long as its proximal portion. Caudal glands and spinneret well developed.</p><p>Female. General appearance, structure of cuticle and anterior of body similar to males. Cuticle annulated. Somatic setae and crystalloids are absent. Labial region narrow, not offset from adjacent body. Inner labial sensillae papilliform. Six outer labial sensillae in the shape of large and stout papillae 5–6 µm long. Four cephalic sensillae in the shape of thin setae the same length. Both rings sensillae are arranged at distance 7–9 µm from each other. Stoma not developed. Small tooth located in internal part of pharynx at distance 24–33 µm from anterior body end. Pharynx muscular, expanding gradually towards its base. Cardia small, surrounded by three oval glands. Amphidial fovea cup-shaped, located at distance 17–30 µm from anterior body end. Rectum length equal to or slightly greater than anal body diameter.</p><p>Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic. Ovaries situated to the left of intestine, reflexed and comparatively short. Vulva a transverse slit and situated to mid-body. Vulval lips not sclerotized and not protruding outside the body contour. Vagina short, with thin walls. Uterus containing numerous spermatozoids and 1– 3 eggs measuring 121–150 x 37 –50 µm. Tail long, with conical proximal and cylindrical distal portions. Distal portion 1.4–1.7 times as long as its proximal portion. Caudal glands and spinneret well developed.</p><p>Diagnosis. Body of the average size and average thickness (L = 1548–2078 µm, a = 23–36). Cuticle annulated. Somatic setae and crystalloids absent. Lips tree. Labial region narrow, not off set. Inner labial sensillae papilliform. Six outer labial sensillae in the shape of large and stout papillae 5–6 µm long. Four cephalic sensillae in the shape of thin setae the same length. Both rings of sensillae are arranged on considerable distance (7–9 µm) from each other. Stoma not developed. Small tooth located in internal part of pharynx at distance 21–33 µm from anterior body end. Amphidial fovea cup-shaped, located at distance 14–30 µm from anterior body end. Spicules comparatively short and stout, 1.0–1.2 times as long as cloacal body diameter. Gubernaculum in the shape of a thin plate, 18–27 µm long. Supplements small, hardly visible papillae, 14–19 in number. 5–6 supplementary organs located in pharynx region. Tail long, with conical proximal and cylindrical distal portions. Distal portion 1.4–1.9 times as long as its proximal portion.</p><p>Characters Holotype Paratype males (n = 12) Paratype females (n = 12)</p><p>male</p><p>range mean range mean Differential diagnosis. At present, the genus Tripyla Bastian, 1865 contain 20–24 valid species (Andrássy 2007, Zullini 2006). Four species have been found in the Lake Baikal: T. dybowskii Tsalolikhin, 1976, T. filicaudata de Man, 1880, T. setifera Bütschli, 1873 and T. infia Brzeski &amp; Winiszewska-Ślipińska, 1993 (Gagarin &amp; Naumova 2012b, 2013; Naumova et al. 2012; Shoshin &amp; Tsalolikhin 2001; Tsalolikhin 1976). T. posolskii sp. n. morphologically is close to T. dybowskii, but differs from it in the shorter body (L = 1548–2078 µm vs L = 2400– 3530 µm in T. dybowskii), shorter tail (c = 4.7–7.2, cʹ = 5.8–7.9 vs c = 2.5–4.8, cʹ = 7.3–11.9) and shorter spicules (47–57 µm long vs 85–92 µm long) (Gagarin &amp; Naumova 2013, Tsalolikhin 1972).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887F81F2B121BFF3DFD68A04F86D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gagarin, Vladimir G.;Naumova, Tatyana V.	Gagarin, Vladimir G., Naumova, Tatyana V. (2016): Tobrilus methanus sp. n. and Tripyla posolskii sp. n. (Nematoda, Triplonchida) from Lake Baikal, Russia. Zootaxa 4196 (1): 95-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4196.1.5
