identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039987B3FFE2FFE7FF45F92FF73DED60.text	039987B3FFE2FFE7FF45F92FF73DED60.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma Schlechter 1894	<div><p>Stenostelma Schlechter (1894b: 6).</p> <p>Type: Stenostelma capense Schlechter (1894b: 6).</p> <p>Krebsia Harvey (1868: 233) (nom. illeg.), non Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 179).</p> <p>Type: Krebsia stenoglossa (Schlechter 1895a: 270), Schlechter (1895b: 40).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE2FFE7FF45F92FF73DED60	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE2FFE4FF45F873F02CE85B.text	039987B3FFE2FFE4FF45F873F02CE85B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma capense Schlechter 1894	<div><p>Stenostelma capense Schlechter (1894b: 6).</p> <p>Schizoglossum capense (Schltr.) Huber (1961: 35).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Northern Cape Province, near Kimberley, alt. 1300 m, December 1892, H.G. Flanagan 1693 (lectotype PRE! [PRE0345553 -0], here designated; isolectotypes BOL [BOL137919] scan!, GRA [GRA0002410 -0] scan!, K! [K000234348]).</p> <p>Schizoglossum aciculare N.E. Brown (1902: 363), syn. nov.</p> <p>Type: — BOTSWANA, Ngamiland, near Kgwebe, December 1896, E.J. Lugard 82 (holotype K! [K000234349]).</p> <p>In the original description of Stenostelma capense Schlechter (1894b) cited only the collection of Flanagan 1693. From the four duplicates seen the PRE specimen was selected as lectotype as it is the best quality material with numerous inflorescences and the habit typical of the species. The K material is only a branch taken from this specimen as indicated on the note in Brown’s hand on the K specimen. The GRA and BOL specimens are much smaller though also good material.</p> <p>The type of Schizoglossum aciculare was indicated as Lugard 82 by Brown (1902). The only duplicate of Lugard 82 found is at K, it is indicated as “ Type ” and therefore must be regarded as the holotype.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE2FFE4FF45F873F02CE85B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FA14F6F8ED37.text	039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FA14F6F8ED37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma carinatum (Schlechter 1895) Bullock 1956	<div><p>Stenostelma carinatum (Schltr.) Bullock (1956: 521).</p> <p>Krebsia carinata Schlechter (1895b: 269).</p> <p>Xysmalobium carinatum (Schltr.) N.E. Brown (1907: 568).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Eastern Cape Province, wet grassland near Kokstad, alt. 1524 m, February 1883, W. Tyson 1439 (lectotype K! [K000234344] here designated).</p> <p>[Gomphocarpus carinatus Schlechter (1894c: 528, nom. nud.)].</p> <p>In the original description of Krebsia carinata Schlechter (1895b) two specimens were cited, Schlechter 6548 and Tyson 1439. As no material of Schlechter 6548 could be traced and only a single duplicate of Tyson 1439 was traced at K this collection is here chosen as the lectotype.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FA14F6F8ED37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FDB4F7ABEFBB.text	039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FDB4F7ABEFBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma corniculatum (E. Meyer) Bullock 1956	<div><p>Stenostelma corniculatum (E.Meyer) Bullock (1956: 521).</p> <p>Lagarinthus corniculatus E. Meyer (1837: 208).</p> <p>Gomphocarpus corniculatus (E.Meyer) Dietrich (1840: 901).</p> <p>Krebsia corniculata (E.Meyer) Schlechter (1895a: 40).</p> <p>Schizoglossum corniculatum (E.Meyer) Dyer (1971: 363).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Eastern Cape Province, Queenstown Division, in rough area near Table Mountain, alt. 1524m, 7 December 1832, Drège 3423 (lectotype, P [P04256909] scan!, here designated; isolectotype K! [K000234343] fragment).</p> <p>Gomphocarpus stenoglossus Schechter (1894c: 257).</p> <p>Krebsia stenoglossa (Schltr.) Schlechter (1896a: 450).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Eastern Cape Province, Kreilis country, Barber 293 (lectotype K! [K000234340], here designated; isolectotype GRA! [GRA0002403 -0] scan!).</p> <p>In the original description of Lagarinthus corniculatus Meyer (1837) cited two collections (Drège 3423 and Drège s.n.). Drège s.n., from the grassy hillsides at Katberg was not traced. The only duplicates of Drège 3423 were found at at K and P (scan). As the specimen from P is more complete it is chosen as lectotype. The material from K was examined and despite it being only a fragment the identity could be confirmed to be this taxon, based on the flowers only.</p> <p>Schlechter (1894c) only listed the collection of Barber 293 when he newly described Gomphocarpus stenoglossus of which two specimens could be traced at GRA and K. The material from K is here selected as lectotype as it represents the full facies of the species better and is more representative of the species than the sheet from GRA. It was interesting that N.E. Brown wrote on the GRA specimen: “Mr. Bowker &amp; Mrs Baber were brother and sister relations and the same plant with the same number appears to have been distributed sometimes under the one name and sometimes under the other” hence the correction of the label at K from Bowker to Barber.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE1FFE4FF45FDB4F7ABEFBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE1FFE5FF45F880F6ECEBCF.text	039987B3FFE1FFE5FF45F880F6ECEBCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma eustegioides (Bester & Nicholas 2018) Bester & Nicholas 2018	<div><p>Stenostelma eustegioides (E.Meyer) Bester &amp; Nicholas comb. nov.</p> <p>Lagarinthus eustegioides Meyer (1837: 207).</p> <p>Gomphocarpus eustegioides (E.Meyer) Dietrich (1840: 901).</p> <p>Asclepias eustegioides (E.Meyer) Schlechter (1896b: 6).</p> <p>Schizoglossum eustegioides (Meyer) Druce (1917: 645).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Eastern Cape Province, Scattered in the Sneeuwberg Mountains, not far from Compasberg, alt. c. 1100 m, 2</p> <p>March 1833, Drège 3438 (lectotype P [P04256914] scan!, here designated; isolectotype K! [K000234579] fragment). Schizoglossum crassipes Moore (1902: 383).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Leeuw Spruit and Orange River Colony, near Vredefort road, Capt. Hamilton-Barrett s.n. (holotype BM! [BM000925946], isotype K! [K000234581], a branch from the type).</p> <p>In the original description of Lagarinthus eustegioides Meyer (1837) only one locality is listed. When this locality is cross-referenced with the collections listed in Drège (1843: 54–55) the only collection that matches the taxon and locality is Drège 3438. As the specimen from P (only scan seen) is a more complete specimen when compared to the fragment at K, it is selected here as the lectotype.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE1FFE5FF45F880F6ECEBCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE0FFE5FF45FDD8F697EE9B.text	039987B3FFE0FFE5FF45FDD8F697EE9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma periglossoides (Bester & Nicholas 2018) Bester & Nicholas 2018	<div><p>Stenostelma periglossoides (Schltr.) Bester &amp; Nicholas comb. nov.</p> <p>Schizoglossum periglossoides Schlechter (1895a: 20).</p> <p>Type: — SOUTH AFRICA, Gauteng Province, Pretoria, Mundts farm, alt. 1463 m [ZT, G alt. given as 1600 m.a.s.l.], 5 January 1894, R. Schlechter 4142 (lectotype BOL! [BOL137876], here designated; isolectotypes G! [G00188935], GRA! [GRA0002396 -0], K! [K000234471], MPU! [MPU019151], NH! [NH0006706 -0], PRE! [PRE0347010 -0; PRE0659062 -0; PRE0659063 -0]; Z! [Z-000001755], ZT! [ZT-00013845]).</p> <p>From the original description of Schizoglossum periglossoides, Schlechter (1895a) cited two of his own collections (viz. Schlechter 4027 and 4142), both of which have many good sheets, which could be traced. Kupicha (1984) did include Schizoglossum periglossoides in her revision of the genus, but (and we are in agreement with this) attributed it to the genus Stenostelma. She did, however, labelled the Schlechter 4142 at BOL as lectotype and the material at NH and PRE as isolectotypes but never published it. This intended typification was never formally published. In order to avoid confusion we have followed her decision to select the Schlechter 4142 as type material. There is more material of this collection available, which is more widely distributed and represent the taxon as well as Schlechter 4027. It also overcomes the confusion of some sheets with the number 4027 being wrongly numbered 4029 in some herbaria. Duplicates of syntype Schlechter 4142, collected in Mpumalanga Province, marshy areas near Klein Olipfants (sic.) River, alt. 1615 m on 21 December 1893 can be found at B!, G!, GRA!, MEL!, NH!, PRE!. Z!). The B and Z are orthographically misinterpreted as Schlechter 4029.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE0FFE5FF45FDD8F697EE9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFE0FFEEFF45FB74F542EE9C.text	039987B3FFE0FFEEFF45FB74F542EE9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma ligulatum Bester & Nicholas 2018	<div><p>Stenostelma ligulatum Bester &amp; Nicholas spec. nov.</p> <p>Closely related to Stenostelma umbelluliferum in all vegetative features, florally very distinct from the former species in that the corolla lobes are erect, tightly adpressed to form a pseudo-tube in S. ligulatum compared to sub-erect loose lobes in S. umbelluliferum. Further the corona lobes are flat and elongated with only the apical tips recurved where they are exerted between the corolla lobes, compared to small rounded corona lobes in S. umbelluliferum.</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA, Limpopo Province, 2428 (–CD), Wonderboom District, just off Bela-Bela / Codrington road to Hammanskraal, Farm: Bath, section Avon, alt. 1085 m, 7 Nov. 2007 (fl.), S.P. Bester 8159 (holotype, PRE!; isotypes, E!, K!, MO!, NH!, NU!). (Figs. 1–5).</p> <p>Geophytic perennial herb, all parts with milky latex (Fig. 3A). Tuber carrot-shaped 50–160 × 9–25 mm, dry fibrous, white in colour; neck 36–81 mm long, usually with long, fine fibrous roots; ending abruptly in ± 1 mm diam. basal tip to 300 mm long. Stems (100–) 230–280 mm tall, re-sprouting annually, sparingly branched from the base, sometimes stems bifariously hairy with pilose to tomentose hairs from the base towards the tips, but less persistent on old stems; older stems more pronouncedly grooved, furrowed, pleated or ribbed and pilose all round. Leaves sessile, opposite throughout, 14–134 × 1–6 mm, narrowly lanceolate or linear, base attenuate, apex acute or attenuate, margins revolute; main vein prominent below, paler than blade, sometimes tinged purple-maroon above (usually only the basal leaves), leaves usually much longer than internodes; sparsely pilose above, usually glabrous below, but if very dense above (in few specimens) then sparingly pilose below along veins and margin, seemingly wanting in mature leaves. Inflorescences axillary, umbellate, 3–7 per stem or branch, pendant in bud, erect at anthesis, 5–16-flowered; peduncle 14–43 mm long in flower (13–34 mm long in fruit, contorted), bifariously pilose; pedicels 3–6.5 mm long, bifariously pilose; bracts linear to narrowly triangular, (0.5)2.5–3.6 × 0.4–0.5 mm (Fig. 3C). Calyx narrowly triangular, 2.3–3.5 × 0.5–1.3 mm; glabrous above, below evenly pilose or with a patch towards the apex. Flowers 2.5–4.9 × 2.2–4.4 mm; corolla 3.4–4.9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, strap-shaped with an abruptly dilating and rounded apex; inside green, maroon, cream, pink or greenish-cream, usually paler inside; glabrous, but papillose on the recurved apex; very rarely sparsely pilose towards apex on outside, green, or cream-brownish, usually darker outside. Corona 2.2–2.5 × 0.8–0.9 mm, strap-shaped or slightly broader above base, furrowed, tongue-like, extending beyond the “tube” (formed by the tight-packed basal sections of the corolla) bending out- and downwards between the diverging corolla lobes, yellowish, yellowish-green, dark yellow to orange; extending beyond the corolla tube at which point they curve downwards extending between the corolla lobes. Gynostegial column 2.4 × 1.7–1.8 × 1.5 mm in diam. Gynostegial head conical and involute at the apex, 0.61–0.62 × 0.91–0.92 mm, with prominent stype. Anthers: anther-wing 0.5–0.6 mm long, extending 0.1–0.2 mm from column, notch at base of wing. Pollinaria: pollinia 0.72–0.77 × 0.24–0.26 mm; caudicle 0.30–0.33 × 0.05–0.08 mm; corpuscle ovate, 0.31–0.40 × 0.1–0.2 mm. Fruit mostly solitary per inflorescence due to abortion of others, (20–)90–132 × 6–8 mm with an elongated beak ending in an abrupt snout; green, two shades of green in longitudinal direction alternating (Fig. 3B); densely tomentose when immature to finely pubescent when mature. Seed ovate, 4.5–7 × 2–4 mm, brown; coma 11–24 mm long, attached at blunt end of seed.</p> <p>Habitat:—Growing on level plains of Acacia -savanna in full sun, in well-drained black turf soils. The known habitat is restricted to the Springbokvlakte Thornveld vegetation unit in the Central Bushveld bioregion (Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006). The altitudinal range is narrowly restricted between 1064 and 1105 m.</p> <p>Distribution:— Stenostelma ligulatum is known only from Limpopo Province in the Springbok Flats of the Warmbad, Waterberg and Wonderboom districts (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Phenology:—All specimens were collected in November, mostly in flower, but some specimens also in fruit. It is deduced from the current material available that the plants flower quickly and have a short flowering period currently known as to be restricted to November.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is in reference to the shape of the corona lobe which is long and thin and resembles a tongue sticking out of a person’s mouth.</p> <p>Conservation assessment:—Plants have a restricted distribution in soils with high vertic clay content which is highly sought for agriculture. In populations, plants are not numerous, but this may be an under-estimation due to their small habit which might result in them being overlooked easily. For example, at the Codrington collection site (Bester 8601) there were only 18 plants and at the population between Marble Hall and Settlers (Bester 11424) only a single specimen was encountered.</p> <p>The habitat of this species is degraded and the population has therefore probably declined in the recent past. Since the agricultural potential of the habitat is high, it is likely to decline further in the future. These plants have specialised pollination mechanisms adapted to insects, but it is not precisely known what insects pollinate this species. It is likely to be small flies or midgets (Culicoides spp., personal observation by first author)—flies have been measured to fly between 1.6–3.2 km (Townsend 2016). Whatever insect pollination mechanism is used, cross pollination is not likely to take place between subpopulations that are more than 10 km apart. Furthermore, the seeds, although wind-dispersed, are unlikely to travel far as the coma detaches relatively quickly after the seed is released (personal observation by the first author) and due to the small stature of the plants amongst much taller and dense grasses in the habitat. The two localities that are more than 10 km apart are therefore regarded different subpopulations, and by this reasoning there are three subpopulations. Within one of the three subpopulations this species has been recorded from four locations. All subpopulations occur in areas which are highly transformed. Inferring from the increasingly transformed habitat in which these plants grow, it is likely to be undergoing a continuing decline over time. With this, and an extent of occurrence (EOO) &lt;5000 km 2 (here only ± 223km 2), the criteria for category Endangered (EN) according to IUCN (2001) are met (Assessors: S.P. Bester &amp; J.E. Victor 17/02/2016). Summary of criteria met:</p> <p>• Six locations within three subpopulations, within highly transformed habitat; population probably declining continuously over time.</p> <p>• EOO= 223 km 2</p> <p>• EN B1ab,i,ii,iii</p> <p>Specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA. Limpopo Province. Nylstroom (2428): (–CD), Wonderboom District, just off Bela-Bela / Codrington road to Hammanskraal, Bath farm, section Avon, alt. 1 085 m, 8 November 2007 (fl. &amp; fr.), S.P. Bester 8156 (PRE!, UDW!) and (fl.), S.P. Bester 8158 (PRE!, UNIN!); 15 km W of Settlers when turning from the R516 between Settlers and Warmbad to Codrington, alt. 1064 m, 9 Nov. 2005 (fl. &amp; fr.), S.P. Bester 6049 (PRE!, UNIN!; UDW!); Warmbad District, Het Bad 465 KR farm, 4 km SSE of Warmbad, alt. 1105 m, 11 November 2011 (fl.), S.P. Bester 10821 (PRE!). (–DC), Waterberg District, 12 km ENE from Settlers on road R516 to Marble Hall, 35.1 km SE from Modimolle, Hopefield 675 KR farm, alt. 1090 m, 28 November 2012, S.P. Bester 11424 (PRE!). Pretoria (2528): (–AB), Warmbad District, 16 km SW from Settlers on R576, alt. 1085 m, 23 November 2008, S.P. Bester 8601 (PRE!, PRU!, UNIN!); on road from Hammanskraal to Codrington, alt. 1085 m, 8 November 2007 (fl.), S.P. Bester 8152 (PRE!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFE0FFEEFF45FB74F542EE9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
039987B3FFEBFFECFF45FB71F054EB3C.text	039987B3FFEBFFECFF45FB71F054EB3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenostelma urceolatum Bester & Nicholas 2018	<div><p>Stenostelma urceolatum Bester &amp; Nicholas spec. nov.</p> <p>Closely related to Stenostelma corniculatum from which it differs in the shorter extended corona lobe without lateral expanded wings and in the elongated gynostegial column.</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA, KwaZulu-Natal, 2730 (–DD), Vryheid District, ± 7.8 km S from Vryheid, Klipspruit dam, slope below dam wall, alt. 1088 m, 10 February 2006 (fl.), S.P. Bester 6541 (holotype, PRE!; isotypes, K!, MO!, NH!). (Fig. 8A). (Fig. 5–8).</p> <p>Geophytic herb 145–450 mm tall, all parts with milky latex (Fig. 7A). Stems usually solitary, otherwise branched from neck; neck 60 mm long; tuber 56 × 15 mm; older stems sparsely pilose to villous and pronouncedly terete. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate then &lt;5 mm long, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 13–125 × 2–5 mm, base attenuate, apex apiculate, margin revolute, distinct midvein much paler, much longer than internodes; glabrous. Peduncle short, inflorescences appearing sessile but peduncle 1–3.5 mm long (12–19 mm long in fruit), sparsely pilose; pedicel 1–4(– 5 mm long in fruit), sparsely pilose. Inflorescence axillary, umbellate, 3–8 per stem, 4–10-flowered; bracts linear to filiform, 2.2–3.0 mm long, apex acute, sparsely pilose towards the base and centre below (Fig. 7C). Calyx narrowly deltate, 3.2–4.7 × 1.2–1.4 mm, apex acute, sparsely pilose towards the base and centre below. Flowers pseudo-urceolate, 4.5–7.1 × 3.9–5.8 mm (recurved apical tips excluded, these 1.12 mm long), segments fused for lower 0.9–1.5 mm (lower fifth), upper 3–4 mm free but tightly joined below; segments ovate, 2.5–2.7 × 1.6–2.0 mm, green on the outside and whitish-pink on the inside. Corona lobes 3.9–6.3 × 1.5–2.2 × 0.8–1.0 with stype in ± lower fifth, lower half ovate dilating into thin apical extension half the length of the full lobe; outer margin convex with appendix inwardly directed, inner margin concave (Fig. 6D, 6G), upper half abruptly extended into narrow tip. Basal flaps 0.32 mm long. Gynostegial column 5.26 mm tall, gynostegial head 1.1–2.3 × 1.6–2.3 mm, ±half the length of the gynostegial column. Anthers 1.1–1.9 × 0.6–1.1 mm; anther appendages ovate, 1.18–1.64 × 0.80–1.1, apex acute to rounded; anther-wings 1.32–2.71 × 0.33–0.52 mm, notched ± third from base. Pollinarium: pollinia ± unevenly deltoid narrower at apex where attached to caudicle, 0.584 –1.318 × 0.255 –0.607 mm, inner-margin straight, outer-margin rounded; caudicle 0.198 –0.498 × 0.103 –0.113 mm, lower end attached to pollinia; corpuscle narrowly ovate, 0.318 –0.747 × 0.086 –0.209 (0.223 –0.498) mm with horn included and with lateral horn 82–147 μm; upper end attached to corpuscle, winged and 0.151 –0.181 mm broad and flattened. Fruit 41–91 × 5–7 mm, longitudinally striped in two shades of green, sparsely pilose. Seed not seen.</p> <p>Habitat:—Growing in gently undulating grasslands and hill slopes on NW aspects and pan/depression in well-drained stony to rocky and clayey soil, in full sun. One label stated the lithology to be dolerite. The known habitat has been indicated on specimen labels to include the: Sub-Escarpment Grassland Bioregion within the Income Sandy Grassland vegetation unit (Mucina et al. 2006); and North-Eastern Mountain Grassland (Bredenkamp et al. 1996).</p> <p>Distribution:— Stenostelma urceolatum is known only from northern KwaZulu-Natal in the Newcastle and Vryheid districts (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Phenology:—All specimens were collected in February, mostly in flower, but also the fruiting specimens dated from this month. It is deduced from the current material available that the plants flower quickly and have a short flowering period with fruit produced within a couple of weeks after flowering.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is in reference to the shape of the corolla which is urceolate.</p> <p>Conservation assessment:—This species has been recorded from 3 locations within an EOO of 1035 km 2 (EOO &lt;5000 km 2). The Vryheid and Newcastle locations are ± 98 km apart and the two Vryheid sub-populations ± 22 km apart. Therefore, there are three known sub-populations in three locations. The one sub-population at Vryheid is in a conservation area and the other in an area used for livestock farming. The third sub-population, at Newcastle, is also on a farm. It is unlikely that these populations are undergoing a continual decline and no current threats to their existence is foreseen. This species is thus assessed as Least Concern (LC) but Rare according to Victor &amp; Keith (2004) (Assessors: S.P. Bester &amp; J.E. Victor 17/02/2016).</p> <p>Summary of criteria met:</p> <p>• 3 locations, no continuing decline</p> <p>• EOO= 1035 km 2</p> <p>• LC, Rare</p> <p>Specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal. Vryheid (2730): (–DD) Vryheid District, ± 7.8 km S from Vryheid, Klipspruit dam, hillslope S of dam wall, Klipfontein 316 farm, alt. 1106 m, 15 February 2010 (fr.), S.P. Bester 9845 (PRE! with fruit only); alt. 1088 m, 7 Feb. 2013 (fr.), S.P. Bester 11500 (PRE! with immature fruit only); alt. 1101 m, 22 February 2012, S.P. Bester 11080 (PRE! with fruit remains only. (–BB), 20 km from Vryheid towards Nongoma, alt. 1136 m, 9 February 2006 (fl.), S.P. Bester 6517 (NH!, NU!, PRE!). Volksrust (2729): (–DB) Newcastle District, Rotsvas, Ingogo, 16 February 2002 (fl.), F. &amp; S.J. Siebert 1940 (PRE!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987B3FFEBFFECFF45FB71F054EB3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bester, Stoffel P.;Nicholas, Ashley	Bester, Stoffel P., Nicholas, Ashley (2018): New combinations in Stenostelma (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) and two novel species from South Africa. Phytotaxa 361 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.3
