identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039987CAFF8EFFE130C6A6A0FD56FB68.text	039987CAFF8EFFE130C6A6A0FD56FB68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus temori Barnard 1979	<div><p>Elasmopus temori Barnard, 1979</p><p>(Figs 1, 2)</p><p>Elasmopus temori Barnard, 1979: 75, fig. 40 (part).</p><p>Type locality: Tower Island, Galapagos Islands.</p><p>Distribution: Galapagos Islands (Tower Island).</p><p>Habitat: depth 0–4; rock wash, sediments of coral rock, coral rock.</p><p>Material examined: 61 specimens: UMAR-PERA-223, 1 male, 3 females (one specimen mounted), 25 juv (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-224, 3 males (one male on slide), 9 females, 1 juv (Estacahuite beach, April 18, 2005, sediments of coral rock 1–1.5 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-225, 1 juv (Estacahuite beach, December 1, 2006, sediments of coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-226, 6 males, 11 females, 1 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Description: based on male, 4.8 mm, UMAR-PERA-224.</p><p>Head: the length is equal in size to the first two segments of pereon; anterior head lobe subtruncate corners round, inferior antennal sinus short and margin straight. Eyes long, anterior margin round and posterior margin nearly straight, pigment dark brown; width represents more 1/3 the length of head. Antenna 1 elongated, 3/5 the length of the body, first article of peduncle the same size as the second article, and the length of third article 2/3 the length of second article. Accessory flagellum with two articles, first article 2/3 longer than the second article. Antenna 2 setose, approximately 1/2 the length of the antenna 1, length of fourth article 1/5 longer than of article 5; first article flagellar 1/5 the length of fifth article.</p><p>Pereon: medium body, length 2/5 longer than length of the antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxae 1–4 wide, coxae 1 and 4 with slightly emarginated on anterior and posterior margin respectively, coxae 2 and 3 with straight and parallel margins, coxa 2 narrower, coxae 1–4 with elongated setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 5–2–2–1; coxae 5–6 with some short setae and robust setae, formula for coxae 5–6: 2–2; coxa 7 with rounded margin and short setae. Gnathopod 1: inner margin of dactyl with soth simple setae; subquadrate propodus, transverse palm margin and minutely denticulated, with numerous simple setae of medium size, three robust setae longer than of those of palm margin, one of this at inner angle, and two robust setae on inner subdistal palm margin. Gnathopod 2 with the length of propodus more than 1/3 longer than the dactyl; irregular oblique palm, slightly setose with short robust setae arranged sparsely; palm with one barely visible subquadrangle hump near dactylar hinge, the second is a short conical tooth, the third broadly truncate medial tooth diminishing, palm defined by strong and subtriangle tooth to receive dactyl. Basis of pereopods 1–2 with scarce long simple setae on posterior margin; basis of pereopods 3–4 with posterior margin nearly straight, minutely serrate and basis of pereopod 5 semicircular, normally serrate; pereopod 1 subequal in size to pereopod 3, pereopod 2 smaller, basis of pereopods 3–5 gradually enlarged and with short simple setae.</p><p>Pleon: epimera continuous with respect to general line of the body; epimeron 3 lightly straight on posterior edge, armed with short setae, ventral edge bearing robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1: 1–1–1, 2: 2–2–1–1, 3: 1–1–2–1–2–1–1, with medium-sized setae on the first three positions of epimeron 3. Uropod 3 with peduncle 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous; inner ramous 1/4 shorter than the outer ramous; external margin of inner ramous bearing short robust setae in two positions, one robust seta proximal and two robust setae medial; external margin of outer ramous with two clusters of mediodistal short robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, with deeply excavated apices, armed with three robust setae, one long medial robust seta and two small robust setae, outer robust seta shorter than the inner robust seta, length of longest robust seta is 1/10 shorter than the length of the lobe, with two plumose setae in each lateral margin.</p><p>Female: based on female, 7.3 mm, UMAR-PERA-223. Gnathopod 1 similar to male, but only with one robust seta on inner angle of palm. Palm margin of gnathopod 2 with robust setae, length of dactyl 1/2 shorter than the propodus; one robust seta at angle of palm and one longer on inner submargin of palm; inner margin of dactyl minutely denticulated. Formula for epimera 1–3 is 1: 2, 2: 1–2–2, 3: 1–1–2–2–2, without setae. Uropod 3 with inner ramous 1/4 smaller than the outer ramous, inner margin of inner ramous with two sets of robust setae: one subdistal and one medial; only one robust seta near peduncle hinge. Telson resembles male, but with 3–4 apical robust setae and one plumose seta, length of longest robust seta is 1/5 shorter than the length than the lobe.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Elasmopus temori from the Gulf of Tehuantepec presents some different character with the form from the Galapagos Islands, (see Table 1). Elasmopus temori from the Gulf of Tehuantepec has two robust setae located on the inner subdistal surface of the angle of the palm gnathopod 1, while that from the Galapagos Islands has one short robust seta. The middle tooth of gnathopod 2 from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is weak and widely truncate, while E. temori from the Galapagos Islands it is dissipated and widely conical. The formula of long setae for the coxae 1–4 in E. temori from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is 5–2–2–1, while that from the Galapagos Islands is 3–1–2–1. The formula of robust setae on ventral margin for the epimera 1–3 in E. temori from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is 1:1–1–1, 2:2–2–1–1, 3:1–1–2–1–2–1–1, while that from the Galapagos Islands is 1:2–1, 2:1–2–1, 3:1–2–2–2. The setae on ventral margin for the epimera 1– 2 in E. temori from the Galapagos Islands are medium-sized, while those from the Gulf of Tehuantepec are absent. Distal margin of peduncle of uropod 3 in E. temori from the Galapagos Islands has two medial short robust setae, while that from the Gulf of Tehuantepec has three. Number of short robust setae on inner margins of the inner ramous of uropod 3 in E. temori from the Galapagos Islands is 2, 2, 1, 1, while that of Gulf of Tehuantepec has only one and two short robust setae. Finally, outer margins of each lobe of telson in E. temori from the Galapagos Islands have two simple setae, while those of Gulf of Tehuantepec have only two plumose setae. Probably, the above characters may reflect the size or stage of maturity.</p><p>Gulf of Tehuantepec.</p><p>Remarks: according to Barnard (1979) by the similarity of E. temori with E. zoanthidea, he suggested that E. temori might be an aberration. Nevertheless, by the size of specimen illustrated, it is possible that Barnard (1979) described a pre-adult male from the Galapagos Islands. This species in the Gulf of Tehuantepec is observed as a valid species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF8EFFE130C6A6A0FD56FB68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFF8AFFE830C6A79FFCF2F830.text	039987CAFF8AFFE830C6A79FFCF2F830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus tubar Barnard 1979	<div><p>Elasmopus tubar Barnard, 1979</p><p>(Figs 3, 4)</p><p>Elasmopus tubar Barnard, 1979: 79, figs. 42–43.</p><p>Type locality: 11 km to east of Cabo San Lucas, Gulf of California.</p><p>Distribution: Gulf of California: to east of Cabo San Lucas; Galapagos Islands.</p><p>Habitat: depth 0–4 m; wash of Padina, intertidal algae, algae from tide pool, coral rock, calcareous algae, sediments from coral rock.</p><p>Material examined: 1090 specimens: UMAR-PERA-227, 4 males, 6 females, 4 juv (Santa Elena, March 11, 2004, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida); UMAR-PERA-327, 34 males, 131 females, 207 juv (San Agustinillo beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-228, 25 males, 32 females, 164 juv (Playa del Amor, Zipolite, July 3, 2007, algae from tide pool, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR- PERA-229, 3 males, 4 females, 3 juv (Puerto Angel, May 20, 2007, piles of the dock 0.5 m, coll. F. Cortés); UMAR-PERA-230, 30 males (one male on slide), 58 females (one specimen mounted), 10 juv (Aguete beach, August 25, 2005, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-231, 9 males, 10 females, 10 juv (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005 algae on rocks 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-233, 1 female (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005, coral rock 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-232, 24 males, 22 females, 22 juv (Estacahuite beach, April 18, 2005, coral rocks 1–1.5 m, coll. S. García et al.); UMAR-PERA- 234, 1 male, 7 females, 7 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, intertidal calcareous algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-235, 1 male, 3 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, intertidal filamentous algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-236, 6 male, 6 females, 6 juv (Estacahuite beach, August 25, 2006, coral rock 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-237, 1 male, 3 females, 8 juv (Estacahuite beach, December 1, 2006, sediments of coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA- 238, 3 males, 2 females, 2 juv (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal coral rock, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-239, 1 male, 1 female, 9 juv (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-240, 23 males, 17 females, 16 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-241, 5 males, 8 females, 8 juv (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-242, 2 males, 7 females, 17 juv (Maguey Bay, July 4, 2007, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-243, 6 males, 30 females, 23 juv (El Arrocito beach, May 23, 2000, sediments from coral rock, coll. S. Salazar et al.); UMAR-PERA-244, 5 males, 9 females, 34 juv (El Arrocito beach, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on male, 6.6 mm, UMAR-PERA-230.</p><p>Head: short, 1/4 shorter than the two first segments of pereon; anterior head lobe grossly subtruncate, inferior head lobe short and nearly straight. Eyes: grape shape, pigment dark brown, width representing approximately 1/4 the length of head. Antenna 1: 2/5 the length of the body, first article of peduncle approximately 1/5 longer than second article and width subequal, length of third article 2/5 the length of first article; accessory flagellum with one article. Antenna 2: 3/5 shorter than antenna 1, articles 4–5 the same length; first article of flagellum is 1/3 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body length 3/5 longer than the antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Ventral margin of the coxae 2–4 with sparse long setae, formula for coxae 2–4: 4–3–1; coxae 5–6 with one and two short robust setae respectively. Gnathopod 1 with long simple setae external view, inner surface of propodus and carpus with numerous plumose setae; propodus 2/3 longer than the dactyl; propodus piriform, palm margin minutely denticulate, outer margin of palm with elongated simple setae and short robust setae, with inferior lateral short robust setae, and one robust seta at angle of the palm stronger and longer than the those of the palm margin. Gnathopod 2: longer piriform propodus, dactyl thin and elongated, propodus of gnathopod 2 approximately 1/3 longer than the dactyl; anterodistal margin of propodus with stridulation hump; oblique palm slightly convex with abundant and long plumose setae; palm margin with triangular setose hump near dactylar hinge, promptly a concave excavation with plumose setae, then mediofacial ridge-hump semi-hidden by setae. Pereopods 1–5: Merus and propodus of pereopod 1 the same length; basis of pereopod 2 1/2 longer than the merus; basis of pereopod 3 subquadrate; basis of pereopod 4 subrectangular; basis and merus of pereopod 4 the same length, posterodistal lobe of merus of pereopod 4 bicuspidate; basis of the pereopod 5 is semicircular, with posterodistal margin serrate; basis of the pereopod 5 1/2 wider than the merus; basis of the pereopods 3–5 without short simple setae.</p><p>Pleon: epimera shorter with respect to general line of the body; ventral margin bearing only some short robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:0, 2:1–2–2, 3:1–1–2–2–1; epimeron 3 lightly convex on posterior edge, posteroventral angle irregularly denticulated. Uropod 3: peduncle is 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous; outer ramous is 1/5 longer and wider than the inner ramous; inner ramous bearing one proximally short robust seta and two medial short robust setae; outer margin of outer ramous with two cluster of medial robust setae and one proximal robust seta; mediodistal margin of peduncle with four short robust setae, outer angle of peduncle with three short robust setae and inner angle with two short robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, lobes approximately 1/5 longer than the width, lobes slightly excavated or nearly truncate, apices armed with one plumose seta and three robust setae, lateral longest robust seta and decreasing abruptly in length toward the inner short robust setae.</p><p>Female: based on female, 3.9 mm, UMAR-PERA-230. Gnathopod 1 like the male; but with shorter and scarce setae; outer angle of carpus without a long robust seta. Gnathopod 2 is like Gnathopod 1 for female; but with two short robust setae at inner angle of the palm. Coxa 1 widening gradually toward distal margin; anterodistal margin rounded and projected forward; coxa 2 suboblong, gradually narrow toward distal margin; coxa 3 subquadrate and anterodistally round; posterolateral margin of coxa 4 is emarginated, the emargination is 2/3 the total length posterolateral margin; ventral margin of the coxae 1–3 with long simple setae, the formula is 6–4–4; coxae 5–6 with short robust setae, the formula is 1–2; coxa 7 widening on posterior margin. Formula for epimera 1–3: 1:0, 2:1, 3:1–1–1. Posterodistal lobe of merus of pereopod 4 not bicuspidate.</p><p>Uropod 3 with inner margin of inner ramous bearing one medial short robust seta, outer margin of outer ramous with two cluster medial short robust setae; mediodistal margin of peduncle of uropod 3 with two short robust setae, distal angles of peduncle with two robust setae at each. Telson deeply cleft, apices armed with one plumose seta and two robust setae, longest lateral spine is 3/4 longer than the inner robust setae.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: the male from the Gulf of Tehuantepec presents some differences with E. tubar male from Cabo San Lucas, for details see Table 2. The specimen revised by Barnard (1979) is possibly a preadult male, because of some characters described by Barnard (1979) such as the telson is similar to the female of Elasmopus tubar from the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Elasmopus tubar from the Gulf of Tehuantepec has an accessory flagellum with one article, while that from Cabo San Lucas is described with two articles. The formula of robust setae on ventral margin for the epimera 1–3 in E. tubar from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is 1:0, 2:1–2–2, 3:1–1–2–2–1, while that from Cabo San Lucas is 1:1–1–2, 2:1–1–1–1, 3:1–1–2–2–1–1. The posteroventral angle of epimeron 3 of E. tubar from the Cabo San Lucas has a very small tooth and sinus, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec is irregularly denticulated. The posterior margin of epimeron 3 in E. tubar from Cabo San Lucas bears weak acclivities, each one with short simple setae, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec has weak acclivities without simple setae. The distal margin of peduncle of uropod 3 in E. tubar from Cabo San Lucas has three medial short robust setae, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec has four medial short robust setae. Elasmopus tubar from Cabo San Lucas has four short robust setae on outer angle of peduncle of uropod 3, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec has only three. Telson of E. tubar from Cabo San Lucas has two robust setae and one simple apical seta, while the form of Gulf of Tehuantepec has three robust setae and one plumose apical seta. The lateral margins of each lobe of telson in E. tubar from the Cabo San Lucas have one plumose seta, while in the form of Gulf of Tehuantepec it is absent.</p><p>Remarks: Barnard (1979) described to E. tubar from Cabo San Lucas, and revised material from the Galapagos Islands did not include variations due to insufficient specimens.</p><p>Elasmopus zoanthidea Barnard, 1979: 79, fig. 44.</p><p>Type locality: Tower Island, Galapagos Islands.</p><p>Distribution: Galapagos Islands.</p><p>Habitat: depth 0–4 m; rock wash, coral rock, intertidal algae, sediments from coral rock.</p><p>Material examined: 79 specimens: UMAR-PERA-245, 1 male (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, coral rock 3–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-246, 12 males, 10 females, 3 juv (Estacahuite beach, August 25, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-247, 3 females, 3 males (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal coral rock, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-248, 8 females (one specimen mounted), 8 males (one specimen mounted), 9 juv (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-249, 3 males, 9 females, 10 juv (El Arrocito beach, May 23, 2000, sediments from coral rock, coll. S. Salazar et al.).</p><p>Description: based on male, 5.2 mm, UMAR-PERA-248.</p><p>Head: the same size as the combined length of first two pereon segments; anterior head lobe grossly rounded, and inferior head lobe small and rounded. Eyes: rounded, pigment very dark; eyes represent approximately 1/3 of the length of head. Antenna 1: first article with five small spines on apical margin, 1/2 the length of the body, first article of peduncle is 1/8 longer than the second article and both are thicker, third article is 1/2 shorter than first article; accessory flagellum with two articles, both are the same length. Antenna 2: setose, approximately 1/2 of the length of the antenna 1; fourth article 1/5 longer than fifth article, fifth article approximately 2/3 longer than third article.</p><p>Pereon: body length is twice the length of the antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxae: anterior margin of the coxa 1 rounded and slightly produced; coxae 1 and 4 wider; coxa 2 narrows gradually toward distal margin; coxa 3 is the narrowest, with parallel margins; posterior margin of coxa 4 deeply emarginated; ventral margin of the coxae 1–4 with sparse long setae, formula for coxae 1–4 is 6–5–5– 1; coxae 5–6 with short robust setae, formula is 1–2; coxa 7 subovoid, with numerous short setae. Gnathopod 1: propodus subquadrangle; palm margin nearly straight with numerous robust setae; inner angle of the palm with one robust seta longer than those of palm margin, outer angle with simple long setae; inner surface of the palm and carpus with medium-sized plumose setae. Gnathopod 2: dactyl strong, propodus piriform, length of propodus approximately 1/3 longer than the dactyl; palm margin slightly oblique, nearly straight, moderately setose, with medium-sized plumose setae; palm margin with subrectangle setose hump near dactylar hinge, distal margin of this hump sinuous and apparently bilobed, then a subtrapezoid truncated tooth in the middle, this second tooth separated from setose hump by the same distance as the width of setose hump; palm defined by a small conate seta to receive dactyl; inner surface of palm with numerous bundles of plumose setae in rows paralleling palm and posterior margin. Pereopods 1–5: anterodistal angle of merus and carpus of pereopod 1 with a robust seta; basis of pereopod 2 approximately 1/2 longer than the merus; basis of pereopod 3 and pereopod 5 are 1/2 wider than the merus; basis of pereopod 4 nearly subquadrate and posterior margin nearly straight; pereopod 3 and pereopod 5 with wider basis, nearly semicircular, basis of pereopods 3–5 with posterior margin minutely serrate with short simple setae.</p><p>Pleon: epimera general line of the body is continuous; ventral margin bearing only a few short robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 1–1–2–2–1–1; epimeron 3 slightly straight on posterior edge, posteroventral corner emarginated bearing two weak denticles. Uropod 3: peduncle 1/5 shorter than outer ramous, inner ramous approximately 1/7 shorter than outer ramous, inner margin of the inner ramous bearing one proximal and two medial short robust setae, outer margin of the outer ramous with two clusters of medial short robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, lobes excavated, apices armed with three robust setae, decreasing in length toward inner robust setae, tip of smaller spines curved inwards.</p><p>Female: based on female, 4.7 mm, UMAR-PERA-248. Gnathopod 1 with suboval propodus, palm margin nearly convex, inner palm margin with numerous short robust setae and long plumose setae; inner angle of palm with one robust seta, its length is approximately 2/3 longer than those of palm margin; inner surface of palm with small plumose setae; inner surface of the carpus with long plumose setae, inner angle of carpus with three long robust setae. Propodus of gnathopod 2 nearly suboval with oblique palm margin, minutely denticulated, with short robust setae on inner and outer margin, inner angle with one robust seta more prominent, the length is 1/2 longer than the short robust setae of palm margin; inner surface of palm with two columns with numerous bundles of simple setae in rows paralleling palm; inner angle of carpus with two short robust setae. Formula for epimera 1–3 is 1: 1–1, 2: 2, 3: 1–1–2–1–1; posteroventral corner emarginated bearing one weak denticle. Inner margin of inner ramous of uropod 3 bearing two medial short robust setae, outer margin of outer ramous with three clusters of medial robust setae; mediodistal margin of peduncle with two short robust setae, inner and outer angle of peduncle with one and five robust setae respectively. Telson is similar to male, but with some differences, it is deeply cleft, approximately 3/4 the total length of lobe, apices armed with one simple seta, lateromedial margin of lobe with two simple setae.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: the specimens from the Gulf of Tehuantepec present some differences with the male specimen from the Galapagos Islands, for details see Table 3. The specimen revised by Barnard (1979) is possibly a pre-adult male, due to some characters he described. The telson and epimera are similar with the female from the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Elasmopus zoanthidea from the Gulf of Tehuantepec has accessory flagellum with two articles, while that from Galapagos Islands is described with three articles. The distance between medial tooth and setose hump near dactylar hinge of gnathopod 2 in Elasmopus zoanthidea from the Galapagos Islands is equal to the width of the medial tooth, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec it is equal to the width of the setose hump near dactylar hinge. The shape of medial tooth of gnathopod 2 in E. zoanthidea from Galapagos Islands is subquadrate, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec it is subtrapezoid. The long simple setae on coxae 1–4 in E. zoanthidea from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is 6–5–5–1, while that from Galapagos Islands is 5–3–4–1. The formula of short robust setae on ventral margin for the epimera 1–3 in E. zoanthidea from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 1–1–2–2–1–1, while it is 1: 1, 2: 2–2, 3: 1–1–2–1–1 from Galapagos Islands. The uropod 3 with the outer margin of peduncle in E. zoanthidea from the Galapagos Islands has two setae, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec without setae; inner angle of peduncle of uropod 3 of E. zoanthidea from the Galapagos Islands has three robust setae, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec has two robust setae. The distal margin of telson in E. zoanthidea from the Galapagos Islands bears three robust setae and one simple seta, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec only has three robust setae. The outer margin of each lobe in E. zoanthidea from the Galapagos Islands has two simple setae, while that from Gulf of Tehuantepec is bare.</p><p>Type material: 15 specimens: UMAR-PERA-253, holotype male (9.1 mm), paratype female (6.7 mm), paratypes: 1 male, 5 female, 2 males “gynomorphic”, 1 juv (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005 intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-251, paratypes: male (7.3 mm), female (5.5 mm) specimens mounted; 2 males (San Agustinillo beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. J. Jarquín et al.).</p><p>Additional material: 150 specimens: UMAR-PERA-250, 1 juv (entrance of Chacahua Lagoon, April 13, 2007, algae with barnacles, coll. S. García et al.); UMAR-PERA-252, 1 male, 2 females (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-254, 3 males, 2 females, 2 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, coral rock 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-255, 1 male, 2 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, intertidal calcareous algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA- 256, 2 females, 4 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, sediments with shells 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-257, 1 male, 8 females, 7 juv (Estacahuite beach, December 1, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-258, 1 male, 6 females (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal coral rock, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-259, 4 males, 10 females, 36 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005 sediments from coral rock 4 m, R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-260, 1 male, 2 females, 16 juv (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006 coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-261, 1 male, 1 female, 1 juv (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-262, 2 females, 2 juv (El Arrocito beach, May 23, 2000, sediments from coral rock, coll. S. Salazar et al.); UMAR-PERA-263, 9 females, 11 males, 11 juv (El Arrocito, Oaxaca, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on paratype male, 7.3 mm, UMAR-PERA-251, and holotype male, 9.1 mm, UMAR- PERA-253.</p><p>Head: similar in length to the first pereon segment; anterior head lobe slightly projected, inferior antennal sinus projecting in a lobe. Eyes: pear shape, pigment light brown; width represents approximately 2/5 the length of head. Antenna 1 2/5 the length of the body, first article of peduncle approximately 1/5 longer than the second article and considerably thicker, the length of third article is 2/5 the length of second article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with two articles; length the same size as the first article of flagellum. Antenna 2 setose, approximately 3/4 the length of the antenna 1, the length of fourth article is slightly longer than the fifth article; first article of flagellum is 1/7 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: elongated body, length more 3/5 longer than the antenna 1, dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxae 1, 2 and 4 have subequal proportions; coxa 3 narrower; ventral margin of coxae 1–3 with sparse long setae, formula for coxae 1–3: 5–1–2. Anterior angle of coxa 1 projected forward; anterior margin of coxa 2 rounded and posterior margin oblique; lateral margins of coxa 3 straight and parallel; coxa 1 the same size as coxa 4, but anterior and posterior margin distinctly emarginated respectively; coxae 5–7 with short robust setae, formula for coxae 5–7: 2–2–1. Gnathopod 1 with subtrapezoid propodus; palm margin minutely denticulated with numerous short robust setae on margin; one robust seta at inner angle of the palm longer than the those on the palm margin, and the longest robust seta on outer angle; length of dactyl 1/2 shorter than the propodus. Gnathopod 2: length of propodus approximately 1/3 longer than the dactyl; palm slightly oblique and evenly convex, heavily setose, with medium size plumose setae; palm margin with two humps near dactylar hinge, the first ample, oval and truncated, and second ample, scalene and triangular; then in the middle a blunt tooth; far from apex of dactyl a mediofacial cuspidate seta is located, often transparent and difficult to see among dense simple setae. Pereopods 1–5 with margin of merus almost straight; pereopods 3–5 with wide basis, semicircular posterior margin and minutely serrate with very small simple setae.</p><p>Pleon: epimera wide with respect to general line of the body; epimeron 3 lightly concave on posterior edge, posteroventral corner ends in a prominent tooth, and ventral margin bearing short robust setae, the formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:1–2–3–1, 3:1–2–3–3–2–2. Uropod 3 with peduncle approximately 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous, inner ramous approximately 1/8 less than the outer ramous, inner margin of the inner ramous bearing two clusters of short robust setae and one proximal short robust seta, external margin of outer ramous with three clusters of robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, with lobes deeply excavated, apices armed with three short robust setae that decrease in length in the inner robust setae.</p><p>Female: based on paratype female, 5.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-251, and paratype female, 6.7 mm, UMAR- PERA-253. Gnathopod 1 subquadrangular propodus, palm margin with robust setae; outer angle of palm with the longest robust seta. Propodus of gnathopod 2 suboval, palm margin not defined, but discernable by presence of two robust setae at angle of the palm, one external and a shorter internal one. Formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:2–3–1, 3:1–1–2–2–1–1. Telson deeply cleft, with two long and two short robust setae interspersed, lateral margin of lobes with two plumose setae.</p><p>Etymology: this species is dedicated to Dr. Rolando Bastida Zavala for his remarkable commitment to the taxonomical and biological knowledge of marine benthos from Mexico principally on polychaete serpulids.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: more than any other species of Elasmopus from Eastern Pacific, Elasmopus bastidai n. sp. has distinctive gnathopod and apical spines of telson, in the terminal male and female.</p><p>Remarks: between examined materials, I found two gynomorphic specimens with developed oostegite, telson similar to female and gnathopod 2 similar to male.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF8AFFE830C6A79FFCF2F830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFF9EFFF230C6A3D5FBDCFE50.text	039987CAFF9EFFF230C6A3D5FBDCFE50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus karlae	<div><p>Elasmopus karlae n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 9, 10)</p><p>Type material: 4 specimens: UMAR-PERA-264, holotype male head lost (4.9 mm), paratype female (4 mm) specimens mounted; paratypes 1 male, 1 female (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Description: based on holotype male, 4.9 mm, UMAR-PERA-264.</p><p>Pereon: body dorsally smooth, color off-white in alcohol. Head lost. Coxae 1, 4 of length subequal, coxa 2 widest and coxa 3 narrowest; margin coxae 1–7 with sparse simple setae of medium to long, formula for coxae 1–7: 7–4–3–1–0–3–5; ventral margin of coxae 5, 6 with robust setae, formula for coxae 5–6: 4–1; anterior margin of coxa 1 and posterior margin of coxa 4 slightly emarginated; coxa 2 with lateral margins slightly rounded; coxa 3 with anterior margin slightly rounded and posterior margin slightly emarginated; coxa 7 suboblong, with long and short simple setae. Gnathopod 1: subtrapezoid propodus; palm margin denticulate and with numerous short robust setae; two robust setae at inner angle of the palm, one a short robust seta and the other longer. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic, propodus of gnathopod 2 subrectangle, propodus is the same length as the dactyl; palm with short scarce simple setae, palm margin with two spines and two humps: first is a large rounded hump near dactylar hinge with four short robust setae on inner face; the second is an acute spine proximal to large setose hump and angled forward towards first hump, with two short robust setae on inner face and one longer on outer face; third is a long medial sharp middle spine, and fourth hump is large and rounded to receive dactyl; the fourth hump is out of the general line of palm margin of gnathopod 2; along the palm margin between proximal hump and medial spine there are four short robust setae and simple setae. Basis of pereopods 1–2 with long simple setae; pereopod 2 shorter than the pereopod 1; posterior margin of pereopods 3–5 minutely serrated and with short simple setae; basis of pereopods 3 and 5 nearly semicircular and wider than pereopod 4; pereopods 4 and 5 almost equal in length, but pereopod 5 stouter than pereopod 4.</p><p>Pleon: epimera continuous with respect to general line of the body; ventral margin bearing only some short robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:1–2–2–1, 3:1–1–2, posterior edge of epimeron 3 lightly convex and bearing slight acclivities with short simple setae, emarginated posteroventral corner bearing a short denticle. Uropod 3 long, inner ramous 1/5 shorter than outer ramous; outer margin of outer ramous and inner margin of inner ramous each have three clusters of medial short robust setae; distal margin of peduncle with three pairs of short robust setae, one medial pair and one pair on each side. Telson deeply cleft, lobes excavated, apices armed with 3–5 robust setae, two long and 2–3 short, intercalated; longest robust seta is approximately 6/7 longer than the shortest robust seta; lateral margins of lobes with two plumose setae and one plumose setae on outer angle of each lobe.</p><p>Female: based on paratype female, 4 mm, UMAR-PERA-264. Body: length is approximately 2/3 longer than the antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Head the same size as the combined length of the first two pereon segments; anterior head lobes broadly rounded, and inferior antennal rounded. Epimera: ventral margin bearing only some short robust setae, formula for epimera is 1:1, 2:1, 3:1–1–2–1. Eyes: long, round to oval, light brown pigment; width represents approximately 1/3 the length of head. Antenna 1: stout and short, length is approximately 1/3 the length of the body, first article of peduncle is approximately 1/8 shorter and 1/5 thicker than the second article, third article of peduncle 3/5 of the length of second article. Accessory flagellum with two articles, both the same length. Antenna 2 feeble, less than 1/2 the length of the antenna 1; article 4 is 1/5 longer than the article 5; first article of flagellum is 1/5 the length of the fifth article of peduncle. Gnathopod 1: subquadrangular propodus, oblique palm margin, minutely denticulated and with numerous small robust setae; longer robust seta at inner angle of the palm. Gnathopod 2: subtriangular propodus, propodus 1/2 longer than the dactyl; palm with scarce medium-sized setae, oblique palm margin with short robust setae and half of this margin minutely denticulated, a longest robust seta at inferior lateral of propodus; inner margin of dactyl denticulated. Uropod 3: external margin of outer ramous with two bundles of robust setae and a singular robust seta, inner margin of the inner ramous with two medial robust setae; distal margin of peduncle with short robust setae, a pair of distal robust setae on inner angle, one medial robust seta and one on the external angle. Telson: apices armed with 3–4 robust setae, two long and 1–2 short intercalated.</p><p>Etymology: the specific name is dedicated to my oldest daughter, for all of her time dedicated to the search, collection, and organization of literature on amphipods for my work.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Elasmopus karlae n. sp. does not resemble any other species of Elasmopus described in the world, mainly in morphology of gnathopod 2.</p><p>Remarks: headless terminal male holotype was chosen because of the major characters such as gnathopod 2, coxae, pereopods, epimera, uropods and telson in excellent condition. In addition, there is another subterminal male that allowed the corroboration of similitude with the females. For this reason, the female head, antenna 1–2, eyes and mouthparts are described and illustrated.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF9EFFF230C6A3D5FBDCFE50	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFF99FFF130C6A14FFD37F830.text	039987CAFF99FFF130C6A14FFD37F830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus lecroyae	<div><p>Elasmopus lecroyae n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 11, 12)</p><p>Type material: 58 specimens: UMAR-PERA-270, holotype male (6 mm), paratype female (5.5 mm); paratypes: 2 males, 3 females (one specimen mounted), 9 juv (Estacahuite beach, August 25, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-267, 5 males (one specimen mounted), 2 females, 35 juv (Puerto Angel, May 20, 2007, piles of the dock 0.5 m, coll. F. Cortés).</p><p>Additional material: 71 specimens: UMAR-PERA-265, 4 males, 4 females, 11 juv (Carrizalillo Beach, August 12, 2006 in bivalve, coll. I. Gutiérrez); UMAR-PERA-266, 3 males, 1 female (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-268, 4 males, 5 females, 2 juv (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005, coral rocks 2–4m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-269, 4 males (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, coral rock, 2–4 m coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-271, 1 male, 4 females, 4 juv (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal coral rock, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-272, 4 males, 2 females, 11 juv (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA- 273, 1 male, 1 female, 5 juv (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on paratype male, 7.6 mm, UMAR-PERA-267, and holotype male, 6 mm, UMAR- PERA-270.</p><p>Head: long, length is less than the two first segments of pereon; anterior head lobe rounded, inferior antennal sinus in a projecting lobe. Eyes: long, subrounded, pigment light brown, width represents more than 1/3 the length of head. Antenna 1 is 3/5 the length of the body, first article of peduncle is the same size as the second article; length of third article is 1/2 the length of second article of peduncle; accessory flagellum with two articles, first article 1/3 longer than the second. Antenna 2 setose, the length is approximately 2/3 the length of the antenna 1, the length of fourth article is subequal to fifth article; first article of flagellum is 1/5 the length of the fourth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: medium body, length is 2/5 larger than the length of the antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color offwhite in alcohol. Coxa 1 is shorter than coxae 2–4; ventral margin of coxae 1–4 with long simple setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 10–7–5–9; anterior margin of coxa 1 emarginated and its anterior angle projected; coxa 2 oval, with rounded ventral margin; coxa 3 narrow, subrectangle and lateral margins straight and parallel; coxa 4 the same width as coxa 1; posterior margin of coxa 4 distinctly emarginated; coxa 5–6 with short robust setae, formula for coxae 5–6: 4–3; coxa 7 semicircular shape, with two short simple setae. Gnathopod 1 with suboval propodus; palm margin with numerous short robust setae, one longer robust setae at inner angle than those on the palm margin. Gnathopod 2: length propodus is 2/3 longer than the dactyl; palm slightly oblique, partially concave with scarce medium-sized simple setae; palm with two submarginal hump near dactylar hinge: the first hump is quadrangular to semicircular with five short robust setae on outer face and three short robust setae on inner face, and the second is a subcolumnar tooth, bare, with truncated distal margin, close to first hump; between those teeth on palm margin there is a vestigial tooth; palm defined by a large cuspidate seta; posterior margin of hand with scarce medium-sized simple setae. Posterior margin basis of pereopods 1–5 with long simple setae; basis pereopods 3–4 with posterior margin nearly straight and pereopod 5 with posterior margin rounded; basis of pereopods 3–5 gradually widened and minutely serrated; merus of pereopods 3–5 with a oblique posterior margin and ample on distal margin.</p><p>Pleon: epimera continuous with respect to general line of the body; epimeron 3 lightly convex and protrusive on posterior edge, armed with four sharp denticles and two truncate denticles, ventral edge bearing short robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:3–2, 2:2–3, 3:1–1–2–2–2, with one long simple seta on each of the last three positions. Uropod 3: peduncle 1/5 shorter than the outer ramous, inner ramous is the same size as the peduncle, inner margin of inner ramous bears two short robust setae near peduncle hinge, external margin of outer ramous with two clusters of medial robust setae and one robust seta proximal to peduncle. Telson deeply cleft, with protrusive apices submarginally placed, laterally defined by sinus and sharp tooth, with two small robust setae submarginal to sinus, inner seta smaller than the outer seta, length of outer robust seta is 2/3 shorter than the length of lobe.</p><p>Female: based on paratype females, 4.7 mm, 5.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-270. Inner margin of the palm of gnathopod 2 with small robust setae, length of dactyl less than 1/2 the length of propodus; two robust setae at inner angle longer than of those of palm margin, of these setae, marginal seta is 2/3 longer than the submarginal seta. Basis of pereopods 1–3 with long simple setae and pereopods 4–5 with simple setae of short to medium. Formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:1–2–2, 3:1–1–2–2–2 without setae. Uropod 3 with inner ramous 1/5 smaller than the outer ramous, inner margin of inner ramous bare, external margin of outer ramous with only two clusters of medial robust setae. Telson resembles male, but the length of outer robust seta is 1/3 shorter than the length of lobe.</p><p>Variations: submargin of the palm of subadult males has subrounded first tooth, with three spines on outer face and three spines on inner face; on the palm margin there is a sharp tooth near setose hump, the second submarginal tooth is subcolumnar. Posterior margin of epimeron 3 with two sharp denticles and two truncated denticles. The formula for epimera has two variations: the first is 1:3–2, 2:1–3–2–3, 3:1–1–1–1–2– 2–2, with one simple seta on epimeron 3 in the antepenultimate three positions, and second is 1: 3–2, 2: 2–3– 1–3, 3:1–1–1–2–2–2–2 with one simple seta on epimeron 3 in the last three positions. Females and subadult male with the second article of accessory flagellum the same length as the first article; accessory flagellum of juveniles only has one article.</p><p>Etymology: the specific name is dedicated to the Dr. Sara LeCroy for her remarkable dedication to the amphipods taxonomy.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Elasmopus lecroyae n. sp. is observed as a species in between E.? rapax Barnard, 1962, E. bampo Barnard, 1979 and E. mayo Barnard, 1979; but is most similar to E. mayo; therefore, it is compared with this, the comparison is made between males. There are three short robust setae on the anterior margin of the second article of antenna 2 in Elasmopus mayo while in E. lecroyae n. sp. it is bare. Elasmopus lecroyae n. sp. has three sets of robust setae on anterior margin of the third article of antenna 1, while E. mayo is bare. Accessory flagellum of E. lecroyae n. sp. has two articles, while E. mayo has three articles. Setose hump near dactylar hinge of gnathopod 2 of Elasmopus lecroyae n. sp. has on outer and inner face with five and three short robust setae respectively, while E. mayo has three and four short robust setae respectively. On the distal margin the third article of mandibular palp of Elasmopus mayo has three long simple setae, while E. lecroyae n. sp. has four long simple setae. The right lacinia mobilis of Elasmopus mayo has five denticles and a smaller thumb, while E. lecroyae n. sp. has four denticles and a large thumb. The ventral margin of coxa 4 of Elasmopus mayo bears two large simple setae, while E. lecroyae n. sp. has nine large simple setae. Telson of E. lecroyae n. sp. has convex apices with complete lobes, laterally defined by a shallow sinus, two robust setae on each lobe, and lateral margin with two short simple seta while E. mayo lobes are nearly incomplete, laterally defined by sinus, one to two robust setae on each lobe and lateral margin with one short simple seta. The formula for epimera 1–3 of E. mayo is 1:1–2, 2:1–4–2–3, 3:1–1–1–2–3–2, with one long simple seta on the last two positions on epimeron 3, while in E. lecroyae n. sp. it is 1:3–2, 2:2–3, 3:1–1–2–2–2, with one long simple seta on the last three positions on epimeron 3. In E. lecroyae n. sp. the epimeron 3 has a convex posterior margin bearing five sharp denticles, becoming blunter, the second sinus has one short simple seta; while E. mayo has a nearly straight posterior margin armed one to two notches bearing short simple setae. Telson of the females of E. mayo has three robust setae on each lobe while E. lecroyae n. sp. has two spines on each lobe. Also, the basis of the pereopods 1–3 of female of E. lecroyae n. sp. has some posterior long setae, while the female of E. mayo has lost the long setae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF99FFF130C6A14FFD37F830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFF95FFFD30C6A3D5FEDBFF1B.text	039987CAFF95FFFD30C6A3D5FEDBFF1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus marcelae	<div><p>Elasmopus marcelae n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 13, 14)</p><p>Type material: 21 specimens: UMAR-PERA-274, holotype male (5.5 mm), paratype female (5.7 mm), specimens mounted; paratypes 19 females (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on holotype male, 5.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-274.</p><p>Head: elongate, the same size as combined length of first two pereon segments; anterior head lobe broadly rounded, and located below the inferior antennal sinus a projecting rounded lobe. Eyes: subtriangular, pigment light brown; width represents approximately 1/5 length of head. Antenna 1 is 1/2 the length of the body, first article of peduncle is approximately 1/6 longer than the second article and slightly thicker, second article twice the length of third article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with two articles, second article is 1/ 5 longer than first article. Antenna 2 setose, less than 1/2 the length of antenna 1; the articles 4–5 are the same length; first article of flagellum is 1/3 the length of the fourth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: medium body, length less than twice the length of antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxa 1 with anterior margin oblique and straight; coxae 2, 3 lateral margins oblique and straight; coxa 4 widest and slightly emarginated posteriorly; coxae 1, 3 are same length, ventral margin of the coxae 1– 4 with sparse long plumose setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 5–1–4–1; coxae 5, 6 with short robust setae, formula for coxae 5, 6: 2–2; coxa 7 trapezoidal shape, with long and short simple setae. Gnathopod 1: subquadrangular propodus; palm margin with numerous short robust and simple setae, and inferior lateral two short robust setae; two short robust setae at inner angle of the palm: one small spine and the other longer. Propodus of gnathopod 2 is 1/4 longer than dactyl; oblique palm margin, slightly concave to nearly straight, with scarce medium-sized plumose setae; palm margin with a small subrounded hump near dactylar hinge; palm defined by a small conical tooth to receive dactyl; along the inner face near the palm margin with various bundles of plumose setae in paralleling rows. Basis of pereopods 1–2 with long plumose setae; basis of the pereopods 3– 5 nearly semicircular, gradually widening, normally serrated with short simple setae. Dactyl of each pereopod with plumose setae near propodus hinge.</p><p>Pleon: epimera continuous with respect to general line of the body; ventral margin bearing only some short robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:3–1, 3:1–1–2–2–1–1. Posterior edge of epimeron 3 lightly convex and bearing weak acclivities, each one with short simple seta, posteroventral corner emarginated bearing a weak denticle. Uropod 3: long, inner and outer rami are the same size, outer margin of the outer ramous with three clusters of medial robust setae, inner margin of inner ramous with four short robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, lobes excavated, apices armed with three robust setae, decreasing in length in the inner setae, lateral seta longest, medial seta shorter than the submarginal seta.</p><p>Female: based on paratype female, 5.7 mm, UMAR-PERA-274. Length of propodus of gnathopod 2 is 1/ 2 longer than dactyl; oblique palm margin, slightly convex to nearly straight, slightly setose, with mediumsized simple setae; two robust setae at inner angle of the palm, one small seta and the other longer; along inner face of palm with various bundles of simple plumose setae in parallel rows. Formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:2, 2:2–1, 3:1–2–2–2–1; Uropod 3 with inner ramous approximately 1/8 less than the outer ramous, inner margin of inner ramous with two clusters robust setae; telson similar to male, but with one plumose seta on distal corner of each lobe and one on each lateral margin.</p><p>Etymology: I dedicate this species to my youngest daughther, Marcela Bastida because of her help in finding references on the web and sorting amphipod specimens.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Elasmopus marcelae n. sp. resembles E. gracilis Schellenberg, 1938; however, it differs in some characters: Elasmopus marcelae n. sp. has a gnathopod with a small rounded hump on palm margin near dactylar hinge and palm defined by small conical tooth, while E. gracilis has two short robust setae on palm margin near dactylar hinge. Inner ramous of uropod 3 of E. gracilis is 1/4 shorter than the outer ramous, while E. marcelae n. sp. the inner and outer rami are the same size. Elasmopus gracilis has two medial robust setae on inner margin of the inner ramous of uropod 3, while E. marcelae n. sp. has four medial robust setae. Elasmopus gracilis has the outer margin of the outer ramous of uropod 3 with two clusters of medial robust setae, while Elasmopus marcelae n. sp. has three clusters of medial robust setae. Telson of E.</p><p>gracilis with two robust setae, one long and one short, the length of medial seta is approximately 1/2 shorter than lateral seta, while E. marcelae n. sp. has three robust setae, medial seta is approximately 4/5 shorter than lateral seta.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF95FFFD30C6A3D5FEDBFF1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFF90FFF930C6A3D5FB40FC23.text	039987CAFF90FFF930C6A3D5FB40FC23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elasmopus oaxaquensis	<div><p>Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 15, 16)</p><p>Type material: 751 specimens: UMAR-PERA-278, holotype male (8.5 mm), paratype female (8 mm), paratypes: 12 males (three specimens mounted), 229 females (two specimens mounted), 194 juv (Playa del Amor, Zipolite, July 3, 2007, algae from tide pool, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-280, 64 males (two specimens mounted), 99 females (one specimen mounted), 151 juv (Aguete beach, August 25, 2006, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Additional material: 339 specimens: UMAR-PERA-275, 1 male (entrance of Chacahua Lagoon, April 13, 2007, algae with barnacles, coll. S. García et al.); UMAR-PERA276, 4 females, 1 juv (Santa Elena, March 11, 2004, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida); UMAR-PERA-277, 41 males, 106 females, 102 juv (San Agustinillo beach, July 3, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-279, 1 male, 1 female (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-281, 1 male (Estacahuite beach, April 18, 2005, sediments of coral rock 1–1.5 m, coll. S. García et al.); UMAR-PERA-282, 8 males, 7 females, 2 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, coral rock 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR- PERA-283, 5 females, 4 juv (Estacahuite beach, August 25, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-284, 2 males, 1 juv (Estacahuite beach, December 1, 2006, sediments of coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-285, 2 males, 1 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-286, 1 male, 1 female, 1 juv (Maguey Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-287, 4 males, 13 females (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-288, 2 males, 8 females, 19 juv (El Arrocito beach, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on paratype male, 7.6 mm, UMAR-PERA-280; paratype males, 6.6 mm, 9.4 mm, and holotype male, 8.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-278.</p><p>Head: elongated, but shorter than combined length of first two pereon segments; anterior head lobe grossly rounded, and inferior antennal sinus is projects obtuse lobe. Eyes: grape shape, very dark pigment; width represents approximately 1/3 length of head. Antenna 1 is 1/2 length of the body, first article of peduncle is approximately 1/4 longer than the second article and considerably thicker, and twice the length of third article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with 2–3 articles, third article very small; total length about 1/4 longer than the length of first article of flagellum. Antenna 2: setose, approximately 1/2 shorter than the antenna 1; articles 4–5 are the same length; first article of flagellum is 1/4 the length of the fourth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body length twice the length of antenna 1; dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol, sometimes retains purple and pink regions. Coxae 1–4 of subequal length; ventral margin of the coxae 1–4 with sparse long serrate setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 7–5–4–1; coxa 1 with rounded anteroventral corner and slightly produced; coxa 2 with rounded ventral margin; coxa 3 with anterior margin slightly concave; coxa 4 widest and slightly emarginated posteriorly; coxae 5, 6 with two short robust setae each; coxa 7 ovoid shape, with numerous short simple setae. Gnathopod 1 with propodus suboval; palm margin with numerous short robust setae on inner and outer margins, one robust seta at angle of the palm stronger and longer than those from palm margin; outer angle of carpus with longest robust setae. Propodus of gnathopod 2 approximately 1/4 longer than dactyl; palm slightly oblique and evenly convex, with long and dense plumose setae; palm margin with rounded setose hump near dactylar hinge, then middle blunt tooth, palm defined by a short mediofacial ridge, this ridge ends with a hood to receive dactyl, then a third small medial tooth seta, far from point of dactyl and often transparent and difficult to see among dense long plumose setae. Pereopods with merus anterodistally lobed; pereopods 3–5 with basis widening, nearly semicircular and increases gradually on posterior margin from minutely serrated (pereopod 3) to deeply serrated (pereopod 5); posterior margin of basis of pereopod 5 approximately 2/3 of its length deeply serrated.</p><p>Pleon: epimera narrow with respect to general line of the body; ventral margin bearing only some short spines, the formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:1, 2:2, 3:2–2–2–2; epimeron 3 convex on posterior edge and evenly and sparsely notched with four short simple setae, posteroventral corner emarginated bearing a weak tooth.</p><p>Uropod 3: peduncle is the same length as the outer ramous, with shortened inner ramous approximately 1/ 3 in respect to outer ramous; inner margin of the inner ramous bears one medial robust seta; outer margin of the outer ramous with three clusters of medial robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, lobes with weakly excavated apices, armed with 3–4 robust setae, three of them long (the length of the setae gradually decreasing towards the medial spines), and fourth, if present, very short; longest setae is subequal or shorter than the lobes of telson; outer angle of each lobe with a plumose seta, and outer margin of each lobe with two simple setae.</p><p>Female: based on paratype females, 7 mm, 8 mm, UMAR-PERA-278.</p><p>Inner margin of gnathopod 2 with robust setae, length of dactyl is 1/2 the length of propodus; two robust setae on each side of angle of palm of gnathopod 2, one robust seta on each side longer than those of palm margin. Formula for coxae 1–4: 4–3–3–3. Posterior margin of the basis of pereopods 3–4 crenulated with short simple setae and not as deeply serrate as male; pereopod 5 is serrated but not as deep as male; posterior margin of basis of pereopod 5 approximately 1/3 of its length deeply serrated. Formula for epimera is 1: 1, 2: 0, 3:1–1; epimeron 3 is lightly convex on posterior margin, evenly and sparsely notched with a short simple seta on each one, posteroventral corner emarginated bearing a weak tooth. Uropod 3 has outer margin of the outer ramous with two clusters of medial robust setae. Telson with four robust setae: two long, one medium, and the shortest seta submarginal.</p><p>Etymology: this species is dedicated to the Mexican State of Oaxaca, because it was one of the most abundant in the majority of localities.</p><p>Variations: the identification of juvenile females is complicated, as well as juveniles of indeterminate sex. In the case of juvenile males of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. the palms of gnathopod 2 have a slight mediofacial ridge and hood to receive dactyl but the third small blunt tooth is obsolete.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. resembles E. serricatus (Barnard, 1969b); however, it differs in several major characters (see Table 4) such as: the palm of gnathopod 2 of male of E. serricatus has a middle tooth proximal to hinge hump, palm defined by a ridge bearing one robust setae, palm and posterior margin of hand are setose throughout all, while Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. has a middle tooth far from hinge hump, the palm has a mediofacial ridge, this ridge ends with hood to receive dactyl (but never with a robust setae), then occasionally (in terminal male) a third small tooth, palm and margin of hand setose throughout before ending in third tooth. Uropod 3 of E. serricatus has inner ramous with of two medial robust setae, while Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. has inner ramous bearing one medial robust seta. Telson of E. serricatus armed with 4–5 robust setae: two long and two short in male, and 2–3 long and two short setae in female, while the male of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. has 3–4 robust setae, three of them long (decreasing in length of the inner spines) and the fourth, if present is shortest; the females have four robust setae, three long (decreasing of length in the inner spines), but one shortest submarginal spine. Telson of one male (6.6 mm) from the Playa del Amor, Zipolite has the morphology of telson shared by Barnard (1979) de Puerto Peñasco, where the submarginal spine is shorter then the medial spine; this is noticed in the female of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. The male from the Playa del Amor has a slight mark of the mediofacial ridge and a third tooth on palm of gnathopod 2 like male adults of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. A terminal male (6.6 mm) present both lobes of the telson are fused completely, according to Barnard (1979) this is a major characteristic of E. rapax group and it is not common to find aberrations. This could be a mark of speciation inside of the group.</p><p>Remarks: Barnard (1969b) described E. rapax serricatus as a subspecies. Later, Barnard (1979) rectified and elevated it to full specific status. According to Barnard (1969b), the telson of male has 5–8 robust setae (four in juveniles); however, in 1979 he rectified the number of robust setae to 4–5 robust setae. Also, in the variation section, Barnard (1979) considered the following “ Panama material middle tooth on palm of male of gnathopod 2 becoming obsolete in adults, and in juveniles specimens more proximally located (away from hinge tooth) than in the Californian specimens. Galapagos material: medial face of hand of male gnathopod 2 either bearing or lacking the small ridge, when present ridge armed only with a seta”. The palm of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. has a short mediofacial ridge without seta, but ended with hood to receive dactyl, then it has a third small blunt tooth on palm but only in some terminal males. Possibly, Barnard (1979) confused the material from Panama (it probably is Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp.) and Gulf of California with E. serricatus from California. The other possible case is, E. ecuadorensis Schellenberg, 1938 is also present in the coast of South Pacific Mexico (records not yet published) and this species has an obsolete mediofacial ridge and middle tooth on palm of gnathopod 2 male adults. Gulf of Tehuantepec is a locality with heterogeneous habitats, useful in sheltering many similar intertidal forms; this group of similar forms increases the difficulty of identifying the species, principally females and juveniles, specifically of genus Elasmopus . An example of this: the male of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. shares some characters (e.g. telson, uropod 3) with the female E. ecuadorensis Schellenberg, figured from the Galapagos Islands. Also, the female of Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. shares some characters (e.g. telson, uropod 3) similar to male of Elasmopus serricatus illustrated from the Gulf of California. This could confirm the hypotheses of Barnard (1979) that “on the Pacific are (sic) a mark of speciation” According to Barnard (1979), these characters that have highest taxonomic value are the gnathopod 2 and telson. However, these characters in Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp. and E. serricatus are observed as highly variable in varying degrees between the samples from California, Gulf of California and the Gulf of Tehuantepec; probably it is a complex of species. Thus, a regional revision is necessary to know the limits of the range of variation between these species.</p><p>oaxaquensis n. sp.</p><p>Character/ species E. serricatus E. serricatus Elasmopus oaxaquensis n. sp.</p><p>Barnard, 1969a Barnard, 1979</p><p>Locality La Jolla, California Puerto Peñasco, Gulf of Playa del Amor and Aguete,</p><p>California Oaxaca</p><p>Body length 8.0 mm 7.91 mm 7.6 mm</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFF90FFF930C6A3D5FB40FC23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFFADFFCC30C6A3D5FB91FC7B.text	039987CAFFADFFCC30C6A3D5FB91FC7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Maera umarae	<div><p>Maera umarae n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 17, 18)</p><p>Type material: 2 specimens: UMAR-PERA-289, holotype male (3.2 mm), paratype female (3.5 mm), specimens mounted (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Additional material: 18 specimens: UMAR-PERA-290, paratypes 2 females, 2 males, 14 incomplete specimens (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Description: based on holotype male, 3.2 mm, UMAR-PERA-289.</p><p>Head: medium, similar size as two pereon segments; anterior head lobe ample and rounded, slightly projected, and inferior antennal sinus straight. Eyes subreniform inner line, pigment light brown, length represents approximately 1/4 length of head. Length of antenna 1 is approximately the same as first five segments of pereon, first article of peduncle 1/8 shorter than the second article and considerably thicker, and the length of third article 1/3 the length of second article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with six articles of the same size with exception of the sixth, which is shorter. Antenna 2 setose, approximately 1/2 the length of antenna 1, length of fifth article 1/3 the length of fourth article; first article of flagellum is 1/3 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body elongated, length approximately 2.5 times the length of the antenna 1, dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxa 1 subtrapezoid, anterior margin emarginated; coxae 2–4 subquadrangle, coxa 2 with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin emarginated, coxae 3–4 with lateral margins straight and parallel; ventral margin coxae 1, 2 and coxae 4, 5 with one long and some short simple setae on each one; coxae 5–7 with one short robust seta on each one. Gnathopod 1: length of propodus less than 1/2 longer than dactyl, propodus suboval; oblique palm margin, minutely denticulated, with scarce robust setae, two robust setae at inner angle of the palm, one medium and one longer. Gnathopod 2: length of propodus approximately 1/2 longer than dactyl, subrectangle propodus; palm margin slightly oblique, slightly setose, with mediumsized simple setae; palm margin with two teeth, the first near dactylar hinge ample trapezoidal with excavated distal margin, irregular to slightly denticulated. The second ample subquadrate medial tooth, with excavated distal margin, irregular to slightly denticulated; palm defined by a long conical tooth to receive dactyl. Pereopods 1–2 with merus and propodus the same size, basis with short robust setae and short simple setae; pereopods 3–5 with narrow basis, posterior margin slightly straight and propodus 1/4 longer than carpus.</p><p>Pleon: epimera medium, outline respective to general line of the body; epimeron 3 with straight posterior edge, posteroventral corner ends in a small spine, and ventral margin bearing short robust setae, formula for epimera is 1:0, 2:1–1–1, 3:1–1–1–1–1. Uropod 3: missing. Telson cleft 2/3 the length of lobes, lobes deeply excavated, inner angle 1/2 shorter than outer angle of each lobe of telson, apices armed with two robust setae, lateral seta 1/3 longer than the medial seta.</p><p>Female: based on paratype female, 3.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-289. Palm margin of gnathopod 2 with two dissipated teeth and in the case of the distal margin of the medial tooth continuous subdistally in an irregular margin to slightly denticulated; palm margin of immature female without teeth, with robust setae and medium-sized simple setae. Formula for epimera is 1:0, 2:1–1–1–1, 3:1–1–1–1–1–1. Basis of the pereopods 1–2 with long and short setae. Uropod 3: peduncle 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous, inner ramous slightly shorter to subequal as the outer ramous; external ramous with two segments, inner margin of inner ramous bearing three simple robust setae, external margin of outer ramous with five clusters of robust setae and one robust seta more proximally. Telson cleft, apices armed with two robust setae, lateral seta 1/2 longer than medial seta.</p><p>Etymology: the specific name is dedicated to the Universidad del Mar for hosting me and giving me the opportunity to work in this region poorly known, but with high biodiversity, of Mexico.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Maera umarae n. sp. presents characters similar to other species of genus; the most important characters are compared (see Table 5) between the species of Maera from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The length of article 1 of antenna 1 in Maera similis is 1/5 shorter than the length of article 2, while in Maera umarae n. sp. it is 1/8 shorter than the length of article 2. The ventral margin of article 1 of the antenna 1 in Maera similis has three proximal and one distal short robust seta, while Maera umarae n. sp. has two proximal short robust setae. The accessory flagellum of the antenna 1 in Maera similis has ten articles, while in Maera umarae n. sp. has six articles. The form of the teeth of gnathopod 2 in Maera similis is subquadrate and the distal margin of both teeth is straight, while Maera umarae n. sp. the first tooth near dactylar hinge is subtrapezoid, the medial tooth is subquadrate, and the distal margin of both teeth is concave, irregular to slightly denticulated. The length of the cleft of telson in Maera similis is 3/4 the length of the lobes, while in Maera umarae n. sp. it is 2/3 the length of the lobes. Telson with the inner angle of the lobes in Maera similis is 1/4 larger than the outer angle, while Maera umarae n. sp. is 1/2 shorter than the outer angle. Telson with the length of lateral robust seta in Maera similis is 1/3 shorter than the medial seta, while in Maera umarae n. sp. it is 1/3 to 1/2 larger than the medial seta. The length of the medial robust setae of telson in Maera similis is 2/3 the length of the lobes, while Maera umarae n. sp. is 1/4 the length of the lobes.</p><p>TABLE 5. Comparison between males of Maera sensu stricto from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Maera chinarra Barnard, 1979: 86, fig. 29 (part).</p><p>Quadrimaera chinarra . — Krapp-Schickel &amp; Jarrett 2000: 46.</p><p>Type locality: 11 km to south of Cabo San Lucas, Gulf of California.</p><p>Distribution: Gulf of California: Espiritu Santo Island, Cabo San Lucas; Central America: Costa Rica (Cocos Islands); Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.</p><p>Habitat: intertidal; algal wash, symbiont, Piles of the dock, coral rock, sediments of coral rock, intertidal algae.</p><p>Material examined: 347 specimens: UMAR-PERA-291, 8 males, 2 females, 20 juv (Carrizalillo Beach, August 12, 2006 in bivalve, coll. I. Gutiérrez); UMAR-PERA-292, 2 males, 2 females, 1 juv (Puerto Angel, May 20, 2007, algae on piles of the dock 0.5 m, coll. F. Cortés); UMAR-PERA-293, 1 male, 1 female (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-294, 8 males, 11 females, 9 juv (Estacahuite beach, May 18, 2005, sediments of coral rock 3–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-295, 1 female (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-296, 1 male, 3 females, 4 juv (Maguey Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-297, 27 males, 43 females, 169 juv (La Entrega Bay, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.); UMAR-PERA-298, 5 males, 6 females, 23 juv (El Arrocito beach, July 4, 2007, intertidal algae, coll. B. Martínez et al.).</p><p>Description: based on male, 4.5 mm, UMAR-PERA-294.</p><p>Head: head subrectangle, 1/8 longer than the width; anterior head lobe big, semirounded and projected; inferior antennal sinus slightly excavated to nearly straight, anteroventral margin of this sinus ends in a small spine. Eyes ovate, light brown in alcohol, width of eye is approximately 1/4 length of head. Antenna 1 slightly setose, ventral surface of article 1 of antenna 1 with one proximal short robust setae; length of antenna 1 is more than 1/2 length longer than the body, first article of peduncle 1/5 shorter than the second and both are the same width, the length of third article nearly 2/5 length of second article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with five articles of the same size, with exception of longer third article. Antenna 2 slightly setose, approximately 1/4 shorter than the antenna 1, fifth article is 1/6 shorter than fourth article; first article of flagellum 1/4 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body elongate, appears fragile, its length is less than 1/2 longer than the antenna 1, dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxae 1–4 suboval, lateral margins nearly straight; coxa 4 with posterior margin slightly emarginated; coxae 1–4 with medium-sized simple setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 2–1–1–2; coxae 5–7 with one short robust seta on each one. Gnathopod 1: propodus subrectangular, palm oblique and nearly straight, inner surface of propodus with few simple setae, propodus 1/8 shorter than the carpus; distal margin of carpus with serrate setae, carpus 2/3 longer than the ischium. Gnathopod 2: subquadrate propodus, its length 1/5 longer than width; propodus narrows gradually toward distal margin; palm nearly transverse with a medial and wide notch “U” shape, medial tooth follows the general line of palm, angle of palm with a small tooth does not reach the general line of palm. Pereopods strong, basis of pereopods 1–5 subquadrangled; anterior margin of basis of pereopods 1–2 with small simple setae and posterior margin with numerous short robust setae; pereopod 5 stronger and longer, basis 2/5 longer than the merus, merus 1/4 longer than the carpus.</p><p>Pleon: posterior margins of the epimera 1–3 convex, posteroventral corner ends in a sharp spine, ventrally setose, formula for epimera 1–3: 1:1, 2:1–1, 3:1–1–1–1–1. Uropod 3: inner ramous 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous; longest apical robust setae of outer ramous 1/5 longer than peduncle; inner margin of inner ramous with one medial robust seta; inner margin of outer ramous with one robust seta; inner margin of peduncle with short simple setae. Telson deeply cleft, with narrow medial gap, inner margin of each lobe convex, distal margin of lobe nearly concave, each lobe with three robust setae and one plumose seta, smallest robust seta less than 1/2 shorter than the longest robust seta, which is 1/4 longer than telson, outer margin each lobe with three plumose setae.</p><p>Female: gnathopod 2 of mature female similar to male; occasionally palm margin complete for female juvenile; and both with short robust setae, and medium-sized simple setae. Coxae similar to male but position and number of spines vary in coxae 5–7, formula for coxae 5–7 is 0–1–0. Ventral margin of epimera with short robust setae, formula for epimera is 1–3: 1:0, 2:1–1, 3:1–1–1–1–1.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Quadrimaera chinarra (Barnard, 1979) is allied with Q. reishi (Barnard, 1979) the most important characters that separate them are compared (see Table 6). Anteroventral angle of head of Q. chinarra has a small spine, while Q. reishi has a long spine. Ventral surface of article 1 of antenna 1 of Q. chinarra has one proximal short robust seta, while Q. reishi has one distal and two medioproximal short robust setae. Length of article 1 of the antenna 1 of Q. chinarra is 1/5 shorter than article 2, while Q. reishi is the same size as article 2 of antenna 1. Accessory flagellum of antenna 1 of Q. chinarra has five articles, while Q. reishi has seven articles. Length of article 3 of mandibular palp of Q. chinarra is shorter than article 2, while in Q. reishi the length of article 3 and 2 are same. The palm of the gnathopod 2 of Q. chinarra has two teeth and the angle has a small tooth, while Q. reishi has two teeth and the angle has a large tooth. Medial tooth of the palm of the gnathopod 2 of Q. chinarra follows general line of palm, while Q. reishi it does not follow the general line of palm. The inner ramous of the uropod 3 in Q. chinarra is 1/3 shorter than the outer ramous, while the Q. reishi inner ramous is 1/6 shorter than outer ramous. Inner margin of each lobe of telson in Q. chinarra is nearly convex, while in Q. reishi it is nearly straight. The telson of Q. chinarra has three apical robust setae, while Q. reishi has five robust setae. Outer margin of telson of Q. chinarra has three plumose setae, while Q. reishi has two plumose setae and one simple seta.</p><p>TABLE 6. Comparison between males of Quadrimaera from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Maera reishi Barnard, 1979: 83, figs. 45–47.</p><p>Quadrimaera reishi . — Krapp-Schickel &amp; Jarrett 2000: 46.</p><p>Type locality: Espiritu Santo Island, Gulf of California.</p><p>Distribution: California: from North California to Cayucos; Gulf of California: Bahia de Los Angeles to Espiritu Santo Island; Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.</p><p>Habitat: depth 0–6 m; algae, rock wash.</p><p>Material examined: 204 specimens UMAR-PERA-299, 10 males, 12 females, 14 juv (Playa del Amor, Zipolite, July 3, 2007, algae from tide pool, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-300, 1 male (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-301, 11 males, 9 females (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005, intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-302, 1 male, 1 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, coral rock 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-303, 6 males, 6 females, 52 juv (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, intertidal calcareous algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA- 304, 1 male, 2 females, 3 juv (Estacahuite beach, August 25, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-305, 8 males, 5 females, 24 juv (Estacahuite beach, July 3, 2007, intertidad coral rock, coll. J. Jarquín et al.); UMAR-PERA-306, 1 male, 7 females, 21 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-307, 1 male, 3 females, 4 juv (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-308, 1 juv (El Arrocito beach, May 23, 2000, sediments from coral rock, coll. S. Salazar et al.).</p><p>Description: based on male, 6.6 mm, UMAR-PERA-302.</p><p>Head: subquadrate, width similar to length; anterior head lobe small and semiround; inferior antennal sinus wide and deeply excavated, anteroventral corner of this sinus ends in a long spine. Eyes ovate, almond pigment; width of eyes approximately 1/6 length of head. Antenna 1 setose, ventral surface of article 1 of the antenna 1 with two medioproximal short robust setae and one distal short robust seta; its length is less than 1/ 2 shorter than the body, first article of peduncle is the same length as the second and slightly thicker, length of third article 1/3 the length of second article of peduncle. Accessory flagellum with seven articles of the same size with exception of the first, which is longer. Antenna 2 setose, approximately 1/4 shorter than antenna 1, the length of fifth article 1/5 the length of fourth article; first article of flagellum 1/5 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body elongated, appears strong, length more than 1/2 longer than antenna 1, dorsally smooth; color off-white in alcohol. Coxae 1, 3 and 4 subquadrates, lateral margin nearly straight; coxae 2, 4 with posterior margin slightly emarginated; coxae 1–4 with medium and long simple setae, formula for coxae 1–4: 5–1–2–2; coxae 5–7 with short robust setae, formula for coxae 5–7: 1–0–1. Gnathopod 1: propodus suboval, palm oblique and convex, inner surface of propodus with three bundles of setae in a row, propodus 1/10 shorter than the carpus; distal margin of carpus partially covered with serrate setae, carpus approximately 1/2 longer than the ischium. Propodus of gnathopod 2 subrectangular, length 1/3 longer than width; propodus widening toward distal margin, with medial and narrow “U” notch shape, medial tooth does not reach the general line of palm, angle of palm with a long tooth beyond the general line of palm. Pereopods thin, basis of pereopods 1–5 subrectangular, anterior margin of basis of pereopods 1–2 with medium and small simple setae, and posterior margin with some short robust setae; pereopod 5 moderately stronger and longer, basis 1/ 4 longer than merus, merus 1/3 longer than carpus.</p><p>Pleon: epimera 1–3 with posterior margins nearly straight to slightly concave, posteroventral corner ends in a small spine, ventrally setose, formula is 1: 1, 2: 1–1–1, 3: 1–1–1–1–1. Uropod 3: inner ramous 1/6 shorter than the outer ramous; longest apical robust seta of the outer ramous same length as peduncle; inner margin of inner ramous with two robust setae, one medial and one subdistal; inner margin of outer ramous with three bundles of robust setae; inner margin of peduncle with simple setae and one short robust seta. Lobes of telson deeply cleft, wide medial gap, inner margin of each lobe nearly straight, distal margin of lobe nearly convex, each lobe with five robust setae and one plumose seta, two robust setae are 1/3 longer than telson, outer margin of each lobe with two plumose setae and one simple seta.</p><p>Variation: the palm margin of the gnathopod 2 of mature female is complete, occasionally similar to male. Coxae and epimera in female are similar to male.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: see taxonomic comments of Q. chinarra and Table 6.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFFADFFCC30C6A3D5FB91FC7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
039987CAFFA7FFD730C6A0B0FEF2FE8B.text	039987CAFFA7FFD730C6A0B0FEF2FE8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melita bousfieldi	<div><p>Melita bousfieldi n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 23, 24)</p><p>Type material: UMAR-PERA-319, holotype male (6.4 mm), paratype female (4.3 mm), specimens mounted (Estacahuite beach, September 10, 2005, sediments with shells 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.).</p><p>Additional material: 89 specimens: UMAR-PERA-316, 2 females (Panteon beach, March 23, 2007, coral rock 3 m, coll. V. Mata); UMAR-PERA-317, 1 female, 1 male (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005 intertidal algae, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-318, 1 male (Estacahuite beach, April 9, 2005, coral rocks 2–4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-320, 2 males, 7 female, 9 juv (Estacahuite beach, December 1, 2006, sediments of coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-321, 2 males, 2 females, 1 juv (La Tijera beach, April 30, 2005, sediments from coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-322, 1 female (La Tijera beach, September 12, 2006, coral rock 4 m, coll. R. Bastida et al.); UMAR-PERA-323, 3 females, 2 juv (Riscalillo Bay, Oaxaca, June 16, 2004, algae on coral 1–2 m, coll. S. García); UMAR-PERA-324, 25 males, 22 females, 9 juv (El Arrocito beach, May 23, 2000, sediments from coral rock, coll. S. Salazar et al.).</p><p>Description: based on holotype male, 6.4 mm, UMAR-PERA-319.</p><p>Head: medium, length slightly shorter than two pereon segments; rostrum small, anterior head lobe ample, rounded, and strongly projected, partially covering the first segments of antenna 2; the inferior antennal sinus a short incision with straight margin. Eyes subtriangle, pigment light brown; width approximately 1/3 the length of head. Antenna 1: length of antenna 1 less than 2/3 the body length; ventral surface of first article of peduncle with three short robust setae; first article of peduncle 1/4 shorter than second article and considerably thicker; length of third article 1/3 the length of second article of peduncle. Length of article 2 of antenna 1 is 1/7 longer than the article 4 of antenna 2. Accessory flagellum with three articles, third article the smallest. Antenna 2 elongated, approximately 1/10 shorter than antenna 1, length of fifth article 4/5 the length of fourth article; first article of flagellum 1/3 the length of the fifth article of peduncle.</p><p>Pereon: body elongate and slender, length 1/3 longer than the length of antenna 1; pereon dorsally smooth; color gray to beige in alcohol. Coxa 1 broadened distally; coxae 1, 3 subtrapezoid, both with margins nearly straight; coxa 2 suboval, posterior margin of coxa 4 slightly emarginated, length emarginated more than 2/3 the total length; coxa 7 subtriangle; ventral margin coxae 1–6 with short setae, and scarce mediumsized setae. Distal margin of propodus of gnathopod 1 sinuous, with three cusps: the first medial, rounded, and smooth cusp, the other two cusps on the same sides as previous; second cusp is the dactyl, semideveloped, sharp and immovable; and the third cusp is a prominent angle of palm with numerous short simple setae and three short robust setae on inner surface; length of propodus 1/4 shorter than carpus, carpus widens gradually toward distal margin. Gnathopod 2: propodus suboval, length of propodus approximately 1/2 longer than width, palm margin of gnathopod 2 undefined; the length of dactyl more than 1/2 longer than the propodus; inner surface of palm deeply setose throughout, with submarginal short pappose setae, long plumose setae and simple setae on palm margin. Pereopod 1 longer than pereopod 2, basis of the pereopods 1–2 with short robust setae and long simple setae, pereopod 2 with merus shorter than propodus; pereopods 3–5 with basis produced posterior-distally, anterior margin of basis with short robust setae and posterior margin with short simple setae; carpus approximately 1/2 shorter than propodus.</p><p>Pleon: margin dorsolateral of pleon with small spines on each side with intercalated short simple seta, formula for dorsolateral margin is 1:7, 2:19, 3:15. Urosomal segment 1 with one mediodorsal acute spine, segment 2 with one pair of dorsolateral spines on each side, each pair enclosing one simple seta. Epimera: posterior edges convex, posteroventral corner ends in a acute spine, lower margin broadly convex; characters are stronger in epimeron 3; submarginal surface of epimera bearing short robust setae, formula for epimera is 1:0, 2:1–1–1,1 3:1–1–1–1–1; ventral margin of epimera 2, 3 with two and five smaller spines respectively, each spine with a shorter simple seta attached. Uropod 3: length of peduncle 1/2 shorter than outer ramous; length of outer ramous is 9/10 longer than inner ramous, five clusters of robust setae on both margins of outer ramous; two robust setae on distal margins and one smaller robust seta on subdistal surface of inner ramous; four short robust setae on basal margin of inner ramous. Telson cleft, 2/3 length of the lobes, apices with two plumose setae, two simple setae and four robust setae, two long and two medium size; outer margins of lobe with two short robust setae and inner margin of lobe with one robust seta; longest distal spine of telson 1/4 shorter than the length of lobe.</p><p>Female: based on paratype female, 4.3 mm, UMAR-PERA-319. Length of carpus and propodus of gnathopod 1 the same length; propodus suboval, widening gradually toward distal margin; transverse palm margin, slightly convex and with short robust setae. Gnathopod 2 with suboval propodus, the length of propodus 1/3 longer than carpus, palm oblique and slightly convex, palm margin with short robust setae, and on inner angle two submarginal robust setae of different size; dactyl curved, fitting palm; carpus, propodus and dactyl with long setae. Distal margin of anterior lobe of coxa 6 with three slight cusps, and continues below in a peculiar process, partially contorted, having a large medial lobe. Formula for dorsolateral margin of pleonites is 1:0, 2:5, 3:7; submarginal surface of epimera bearing robust setae, formula for epimera 1–3 is 1:0, 2:1–1, 3:1–1; ventral margin of the epimera 1–3 with one, two and four short spines respectively, each spine with a short simple seta attached. Telson cleft, 9/10 the length of the lobes, apices with two plumose setae, one simple seta and three-four robust setae, one long, one medium sized and one small; outer and inner margins of lobe bare; longest distal spine of telson subequal or 1/5 shorter than the length lobe.</p><p>Etymology: the specific name is dedicated to a great specialist in the group, PhD. Ed Bousfield (retired from Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto), for his remarkable dedication to the taxonomical and biological knowledge of the Amphipods of Northeastern Pacific region.</p><p>Taxonomic comments: Melita bousfieldi n. sp. presents characters similar to other species of genus; the most important characters are compared between males of Melita from the Tropical Eastern Pacific (see Table 7). Melita nitida Smith, 1873 was described from the coast of New England; however, the morphotype of M. nitida used for this comparison in the Table 7 was recorded by Shoemaker (1935) from Mazatlan, Sinaloa; it is used here because it is the only record of this species from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The ventral surface of article 1 of the antenna 1 in Melita nitida from Mazatlan has two short robust setae, in Melita sulca Stout, 1913 five short robust setae, while Melita bousfieldi n. sp. has three short robust setae. The length of article 2 of the antenna 1 in Melita sulca is 1/10 longer than length of article 4 of antenna 2, while Melita bousfieldi n. sp. is 1/7 longer than length of the article 4 of the antenna 2. The angle of palm of the gnathopod 1 in Melita nitida is dissipated, with some simple setae and three short robust setae, in Melita sulca it is truncated, with simple setae, and in Melita bousfieldi n. sp. it is triangular and projected, with abundant simple setae and three short robust setae. The dactyl of gnathopod 1 in Melita nitida is movable and developed to fit the palm, in Melita sulca it is immovable, rudimentary and truncated; in Melita bousfieldi n. sp. it is semideveloped, immovable and sharp. The palm margin of gnathopod 2 in Melita nitida is defined, with a double margin with short robust setae, in Melita sulca it is undefined and in Melita bousfieldi n. sp. it is undefined, without short robust setae. Dorsolateral surface of the pleon of both Melita sulca and Melita nitida is bare, while Melita bousfieldi n. sp. has spines with intercalated simple setae; the formula is 1:7, 2:19, 3:15. Dorsolateral surface of the urosoma of Melita nitida has bare first segment, and second segment has three-four simple setae; in Melita sulca the first segment has one dorsal spine, second segment has two spines of unequal length; in Melita bousfieldi n. sp. the first segment has one dorsal spine; second segment has two spines of the same length. Basal margin of inner ramous of the uropod 3 has two robust setae in Melita sulca while Melita bousfieldi n. sp. has four robust setae. Distal margin of telson in Melita nitida has two to three apical short robust setae, in Melita sulca with three to four apical robust setae and one simple seta; Melita bousfieldi n. sp. has four apical robust setae, two plumose and two simple setae. Length of the longest apical robust seta of telson in Melita bousfieldi n. sp. is longer than total length of lobe with respect to the relation observed between Melita sulca and Melita nitida .</p><p>Remarks: Chapman (1988) discusses that the record of Shoemaker for Mazatlan represents an undescribed species of Melita . On the other hand Melita lignophila Barnard, 1961 from Tropical Eastern Pacific is not included, because according to Jarrett &amp; Bousfield (1996) its generic status is uncertain, due to several characters, principally mouthparts, which have not been described nor illustrated. They suggest that it is a probable member of genus Megamoera but the dorsal abdominal dentition is unlike that of others species of this genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987CAFFA7FFD730C6A0B0FEF2FE8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro	García-Madrigal, María Del Socorro (2010): Littoral Maeridae and Melitidae (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Zootaxa 2623: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198142
