identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0399675F8943FFF9FCE7C6C394B2A0BE.text	0399675F8943FFF9FCE7C6C394B2A0BE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster Schmitz, Barcellos, Eger & Bianchi 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster Schmitz, Barcellos, Eger &amp; Bianchi gen. nov.</p><p>Type species: Pachycoris pinguis Germar, 1839 .</p><p>Distribution: Southern USA to Argentina (Fig. 3).</p><p>General shape and color pattern. Body oval, dorsum strongly convex and venter usually flat or slightly convex. Head. Dorsal surface with at least five pairs of distinct blotches which can be fully present or almost absent. Antennomere I bicolored (first half pale, remaining dark), II bicolored or black, except for K. igneus sp. nov., in which antennomeres I and II are entirely yellow or orange (Fig. 6C; Fig. 7F). Antennomere III dark, yellow, or bicolored, and antennomeres IV and V mainly dark or with just the tip pale. Rostrum with segments I and II always pale, except for Kernegaster multimaculatus sp. nov. in which they are dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum. Species often share the same pattern of dark spots, except for K. pinguis, K. poecilus, and K. diminutus sp. nov (Fig. 4A–D; Fig. 5A). Dark spots are almost absent or markedly present in different numbers and sizes, sometimes forming a cluster. Femora usually with proximal and distal dark blotches, but both can be absent. Tibiae with medial and distal dark blotches. Tarsi usually bicolored. Abdomen. Connexiva mainly pale, usually with dark macula anteriorly and posteriorly on each segment. Ventrally with small dark spots forming larger blotches distributed in at least 3 + 3 rows that can be almost entirely solid or with aggregations of dark spots. Lateral rows are positioned near the lateral line and usually consist of one large spot on each sternite. Median rows with large clusters of spots or well-formed blotches. Inner rows usually wider than the remaining rows, culminated in a large blotch on sternite VII. Stridulatory areas usually without blotches. Sometimes the rows are not evident with the abdomen almost entirely immaculate, this occurs frequently in K. farctus (Fig. 4I). Area adjacent to spiracles dark or concolorous.</p><p>Head. Subtriangular, usually wider than long, sometimes with equal length and width. Lateral margins markedly sinuate. Dorsally flat, except for clypeus slightly elevated and longer than mandibular plates. Apex of mandibular plates obtuse, inner and outer lateral margins sinuate. Maxillary plates longer or sub equal to mandibular plates. Ocelli closer to the eyes than to each other. Antenniferous tubercles inserted before eyes and laterally to maxillary plates. Proportions of antennomeres: 1&gt; 2 &lt;3 &lt;4 = 5, antennomere I more robust than the remaining ones. Rostrum surpassing the metasternum. First segment cylindrical and robust, second laterally flat and remaining segments dorso-ventrally flat. Proportion of rostral segments: 1 &lt;2=3&gt; 4.</p><p>Thorax. Pronotum about twice as wide as long, anterior margin concave, anterolateral margin slightly convex to slightly sinuous. Humeral angles are rounded or obtuse, slightly to clearly produced, posterolateral margin slightly convex and posterior margin sub-rectilinear. Calli triangular, delimited by impunctate margin. Legs slightly setose, coxae fusiform and laterally flat, femora sulcate ventrally and tibiae sulcate dorsally. Ostiole rounded, positioned medially on the metapleura, oriented posterolaterally; peritreme spout-like, variable in size.</p><p>Abdomen. Laterally convex and medially flat, with a medial sulcus attending the length of rostrum. Lateral margins of sternites sub-rectilinear, posterolateral angles acute and slightly produced. Sternites IV–VII trapezoidal. Median length of sternites is about the same except for sternite VII which is more than twice as long as the remaining segments. Stridulatory area present on sternites V–VI. Posterior margin of sternite VII uniformly concave or sinuous medially, always exposing both female and male genitalia.</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII subtriangular to sub-rectangular, partially covered, sutural margins posteriorly convex to truncate, posterior margin concave to strongly sinuous. Valvifers IX subtriangular, reduced and fused, partially visible between Valvifers VIII and laterotergites IX. Laterotergites VIII subtriangular, curved with conspicuous spiracles. Laterotergites IX broad, subtriangular to sub-rectangular, with anterior margin convex to markedly convex, posterior margins slightly convex and oblique to the sutural margins; lateral angles round, sometimes produced. Gynatrium. Fecundation canal tubular, posterior opening globose and folded anteriorly; ring sclerites adjacent to the fecundation canal, enlarged, outlined and with inner margin with or without robust sclerites. Posteriorly with an invagination forming a posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median and intermediate sclerites of variable shape, sometimes with a pair of minor lateral sclerites. Spermatheca. Spermathecal duct uniformly slim, as long as the fecundation canal, bifurcated medially separating the spermathecal dilation and the remaining structures. Spermathecal dilation broad and globose, almost as long as the fecundation canal. Intermediate part shorter and thicker than the spermathecal duct; distal and proximal flanges distinct. Apical receptacle capitate, apically globose with a protrusion (Fig. 11D).</p><p>Genital capsule. Subquadrangular, Posterior margin sub-rectilinear to medially excavated, posterolateral angles rounded, sometimes obtuse. Posterior aperture located dorsally and oblique to the body at rest. Ventral rim narrow, convex to concave, lateral expansion of ventral rim broad, with a median protrusion of striated surface (ventrally to parameres), dorsal rim convex. Parameres. Basal apodeme short. Stem elongate, width about twice the base of the crown, outer lateral margin sinuous to concave, distal margin with long setae. Crown hook-like, surpassing or not the width of the stem, apex obtuse, truncated, or acute, inner portion sulcate. Phallus. Phallotheca barrel-shaped (Fig. 14E), ventrally and laterally sclerotized. Aedeagus sensu stricto elongate, about half the length of the conjunctival process II, sometimes almost about the same length, sinuous to dorsally convex in lateral view, apex tapered and curved dorsally to phallus, sometimes abruptly curved (truncated). Conjunctival processes I absent. Conjunctival processes II mostly membranous, well developed, with apex tapered into a sclerotized process with a membranous dorsal branch. Conjunctival processes III basally membranous, distally with a tapered sclerotized process that can be more or less curved.</p><p>Etymology: The prefix "Kerne" refers to Justinus Kerner, a German poet, practicing physician, and medical writer who pioneered Klecksography, the art of making images from inkblots, which is used in the Rorschach psychological test. The suffix “gaster” refers to the ventral pattern of the abdomen that resembles the Klecksography painting.</p><p>Key to species of Kernegaster Schmitz, Barcellos, Eger &amp; Bianchi</p><p>1. Dorsum with pattern of usually black, either small and uniformly distributed or aggregated spots (Fig. 1D–K); humeral angles variable; valvifers VIII shorter, or about the same length, of laterotergites IX (Fig. 9A–H) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. ….2. 1’. Dorsum uniformly orange-yellow with medium-sized reddish brown macules which are rather evenly distributed; humeral angles rounded, not projected more than the width of the second antennal segment (Fig. 9I); valvifers VIII clearly longer than laterotergites IX (Fig. 9I) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. … K. chapadanus sp. nov.</p><p>2(1). Posterior margin of genital capsule strongly bisinuous, ventral surface of genital capsule with a thickened convex arch on either side of mesial thin triangular area (Fig. 12E); female posterior margin of the seventh sternite broadly convex medially, posterior margin of eighth valvifers acutely angled medially (Fig. 60) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. K. fulvescens sp. nov. 2’. Posterior margin of genital capsule sub rectilinear to strongly excavated, without a thickened convex arcs; Posterior margins of eighth valvifers continuous, without a median acute angle … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ……… … … … … …. ….3.</p><p>3(2). Humeral angles of pronotum broadly rounded, produced by less than the width of the second antennal segment (Fig. 4D; Fig. 5A) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …..4. 3’. Humeral angles of pronotum angulate, produced by more than the width of the second antennal segment, usually by about half the width of an eye (Fig. 4A–G) …. …. …. …. ……5.</p><p>4(3). Female ninth laterotergites elongate and strongly constricted laterally, posterior margin of eighth valvifers sinuous (Fig. 9B); parameres with the crown not surpassing the width of the stem (Fig. 12K) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …… K. poecilus (Berg) . 4’. Female ninth laterotergites sub-rectangular, not constricted laterally, posterior margin of eighth valvifers concave (Fig. 9D); parameres with crown surpassing the width of the stem (Fig. 12M) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. ….. K. diminutus sp. nov.</p><p>5(3). Dorsal pattern of spots aggregated into larger macules (Fig. 4A; Fig. 6A) …. …. …. …. ……6. 5’. Dorsal pattern of spots small and distributed evenly, whether abundant or sparse, sometimes almost absent (Fig. 4G; Fig. 5D; Fig. 6D–G) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. … 7.</p><p>6(5). Dorsal coloration reddish-orange, densely black maculate (Fig. 6A); posterior margin of eighth valvifers sinuous (Fig. 9F); posterior margin of genital capsule strongly sinuous, concave medially (Fig. 12F); …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …… K. igneus sp. nov. 6’. Dorsal coloration more yellowish, black macules more sparsely distributed (Fig. 4A); lateral two-thirds of posterior margin of eighth valvifers rectilinear, middle third strongly convex (Fig. 9A); posterior margin of genital capsule sub-rectilinear to slightly sinuous (Fig. 12A) … … … … … … … … …. … … … … … … … … … … ….… …. K. pinguis (Germar) .</p><p>7(5). Posterior margin of genital capsule deeply concave (Fig. 12G); posterior margin of female seventh sternite narrowly convex medially and elevated, leaving distinct sulcus above anterior margin of eighth valvifers (Fig. 9G); posterior angle of the sutural margin of the valvifers VIII usually broad rounded; ventral markings dense and in abundance (Fig. 6F) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. K. multimaculatus sp. nov. 7’. Posterior margin of genital capsule shallowly sinuous to rectilinear; posterior margin of female seventh sternite shallowly concave to slightly convex (Fig. 9C–H); posterior angle of the sutural margin of the valvifers VIII slightly round to truncated; ventral markings sparse or less evenly distributed (Fig. 4I; Fig. 6I) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …..8.</p><p>8(7). Dorsally with sparsely scattered dark spots, commonly with 1 + 1 pale spots on the anterior portion of the scutellum (Fig. 4G); body ventrally with few blotches (Fig. 4I); head of paramere thick, strongly uncinate, apex acute (Fig. 12L); aedeagus sensu stricto constricted medially, with apex bifid (Fig. 13F); sclerite of conjunctival process II small and strongly curved (Fig. 13G); lateral quarter of posterior margin of eighth valvifers slightly convex, remaining margin usually subrectilinear; inner margin of the ring sclerites without tick leaf-like sclerites (Fig. 10C) …. …. …. …. …. …. ….. K. farctus (Germar) . 8’. Dorsally with evenly distributed small spots, lacking 1 + 1 pale spots on the anterior portion of the scutellum (Fig. 6G); body ventrally with numerous dark spots (Fig. 6G); head of paramere thin, elongate, weakly uncinate, apex rounded to obtuse (Fig. 12Q); aedeagus sensu stricto conic, with apex acute (Fig. 14G); sclerite of conjunctival process II large, slightly curved to rectilinear (Fig. 14E–H); posterior margin of eighth valvifers sinuous to subrectilinear; inner margin of ring sclerites with tick leaf-like sclerites (Fig. 11C and D) …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. ….. K. rosafloresae sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F8943FFF9FCE7C6C394B2A0BE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F8944FFE7FF32C45F923DA37C.text	0399675F8944FFE7FF32C45F923DA37C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster pinguis (Germar 1839) (Germar, 1839) 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster pinguis (Germar, 1839), new combination</p><p>(Fig. 1D; Fig. 4A–C; Fig. 7A; Fig. 8A; Fig. 9A; Fig. 10A; Fig. 12A, J; Fig. 13A–C)</p><p>Pachycoris pinguis Germar, 1839:91–92 (description); Herrich-- Schaeffer, 1839:7, Fig. 462 (description and illustration); Amyot and Serville, 1843:39; Dallas, 1851:31 (distribution); Dohrn, 1859:3; Walker, 1867:48; Casale, 1981:43;</p><p>Tetyra pinguis Stål, 1870:5 (new combination); Lethierry, 1881:8; Distant, 1899:311; Lethierry and Severin 1893:31; Schouteden, 1904:47 (synonymy); Kirkaldy, 1909:284; Burks, 1972:370; Eger and Lattin, 1997:414; Barcellos et al., 2014:413,415; Eger et al., 2015a:766; Panizzi and Grazia, 2015:14; Czaja, 2016:621,630,631 (spermatheca); Coscar´on, 2017:329; Czaja, 2019:48 –49,51,54; Paim et al., 2023:2,4,6, 11, Fig. 5: m,o, 9: g,h (stridulation).</p><p>Type material: The holotype of P. pinguis is a female from Brazil and can be found in the Benedict Dybowski Zoological Museum of the National University of Lviv (compared by picture).</p><p>Material examined (125): BRAZIL: Bahia, Jequi´e, (1M), 15.XI.64, Elias T. &amp; C. (DZUP 217365) ; Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro ( Corcovado), (1M), XI.1961, Seabra &amp; Alvarenga (DZUP 217295) ; ibid., (1M), I.1959, Seabra &amp; Alvarenga (DZUP 217294); S˜ao Paulo, Ypiranga, (1M), I.1943, Lane F. (MCNZ 2233) ; Santos, (1M), 05.II.1945, Figueiredo (MCNZ 2261) ; Parana´, Castro, (1M), 13.IX.66, Fonseca O. (DZUP 217368) ; Ponta Grossa, (2F), II.42, Pedreira (DZUP 217360, DZUP 217362); Curitiba, (2F, 1M), 17.XII.1966, no collector (DZUP 217299, DZUP 217359, DZUP 217371) ; ibid., (2F), 17.II.1989, Habeck H.D. (JEEC); ibid., collected in Schinus terebinthifolia, (2F), 3.II.1988, Crestana L. (JEEC) ; ibid. ( Mato Grego), (1M), XII.1937, Claretiano (MCNZ 2230) ; Quatro Barras, (1F), 7.III.1970, Becker &amp; Laroca (DZUP 217361); Morretes ( Pico Marumbi), (1F), 14.II.1967, Laroca &amp; Giacomel (DZUP 217358) ; Foz do Iguaçu, (4M), 7.XII.1966, no collector (DZUP 217369, DZUP 217370, DZUP 217372, DZUP 217373) ; Tijucas do Sul ( Represa Vossoroca), (1M), 4.I.1973, Mome (DZUP 217366) ; Rio Negro, (1M), I.1929, no collector (MCNZ 2231) ; Santa Catarina, Corup´a, (1F), I.1958, Maller A. (DZUP 217374) ; ibid., (1F), XI.1940, Maller A. (IBSP 7163); Ibirama ( Hansa), (1F), II.1990, Maller A. (MCNZ 2313) ; Itapiranga, (1M), no date, no collector (MCNZ 2221) ; Rio Grande do Sul, Caxias do Sul, (1M), 2.III.1931, no collector (MCNZ 179322) ; ibid., ( Vila Oliva), (1F), 06.II.1950, no collector (MCNZ 2226) ; ibid., (1F), 11. I.1968, no collector (MCNZ 15082); ibid., (3F, 2M), 11.I.1960, no collector (MCNZ 15074, MCNZ 15075, MCNZ 15078, MCNZ 15079, MCNZ 15090); Santo Augusto, (1M), XII.1970, Roppa O. (CMNH 1097); (S˜ao Francisco de Paula ( Fazenda Trˆes Cachoeiras), (1M), 24.XI.1998, Moura L. (MCNZ 178549) ; ibid., (1F), 5.XI.1996, Moura L. (MCNZ 178552); Canela, (1F), 2.III.1976, Lise A. (MCNZ 45165); Cap˜ao da Canoa ( Curumim), (2F), 17.IV.1976, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 12586, MCNZ 12587) ; Imbe´ ( Santa Terezinha), (1M), 16.II.1973, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 8603) ; Montenegro, (1M), 29.IX.1977, Bischoff H. (MCNZ 12706); S˜ao Leopoldo, (1F), VIII.1940, no collector (MCNZ 2239); ibid., (1F), 12. XII.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 52014); ibid., (1M), 10.VI.1983, Becker C. J. (MCNZ 52012); Eldorado do Sul ( Fazenda Kramm), (1F), 19.I.1999, Moura L. (MCNZ 53184) ; ibid., (1F), 1.VII.1999, Bonaldo A. (MCNZ 53178); ibid., (1M), 19.I.1999, Moura L. (MCNZ 53183); ( Ilha das Flores), (2F), 1.VII.1999, Franceschini A. (MCNZ 53177, MCNZ 53185) ; Guaíba, (2M), 11–13.I.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 13723, MCNZ 13724); ibid., (1F), 14–16.XII.1979, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 13948); ibid., (2M), 16–17.I.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 13946, MCNZ 13947); ibid., (2F, 1M), 19.I.1981, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 17000, MCNZ 45005, MCNZ 45013); ibid., (1M), 2–6.IV.1980, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 13607); ibid., (1M), 23–24.I.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 14019); ibid., (2F), 3–4. III.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 13725, MCNZ 14020); ibid., (1F), 31.III–1. IV.1980, Souza M.E.L. (MCNZ 14017); ibid., (1M), 3–4.IV.1980, Souza M.E.L. (MCNZ 14018); ibid., (1F, 2M), 7–9.III.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 13945, MCNZ 13950, MCNZ 13951); ibid., (1F), 25–27.IV.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 13726); ibid., (1M), 5–6.III.1980, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 15991); ibid. ( Arroio Petim), (3F, 4M), 19.I.1981, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 16998, MCNZ 45003, MCNZ 45021, MCNZ 45023, MCNZ 45026, MCNZ 45028, MCNZ 45031) ; ibid. ( Florida), (1F), XI.1954, Buckup L. (MCNZ 2220) ; Triunfo ( Fazenda Pontal), (1F, 1M), 22.VI.1999, Franceschini A. (MCNZ 53167, MCNZ 53168) ; ibid. (2F), 28.I.1999, Moura L. (MCNZ 53181, MCNZ 53182); Porto Alegre ( Ilha das Flores), (2F), 1.VII.1999, Franceschini A. (MCNZ 53177, MCNZ 53185) ; ibid. ( Ipanema), (1M), I.1957, Palcya M. (MCNZ 2224) ; (1F), II.1957, no collector (MCNZ 2223); ibid. ( Ponta Grossa), (1M), 3.I.1955, no collector (MCNZ 2222) ; ibid. ( Bel´em Novo), (2M), I.1959, Buck P. (MCNZ 15061, MCNZ 15063) ; Viam˜ao, (1F), 3–4.III.1980, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 13944); ibid., (1F), 3–4. III.1980, Souza M.E.L. (MCNZ 13949); ibid., (2F, 1M), 10.V.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47974, MCNZ 47976, MCNZ 47978); ibid., (2F), 11–14.IV.1983, Lise A. (MCNZ 47917, MCNZ 47921); ibid., (1F), 11. IV.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47925); ibid., (2F), 12.IV.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47906, MCNZ 47908); ibid., (2M), IX.1952, Buckup L. &amp; E. (MCNZ 2228, MCNZ 2229); ibid. ( Fazenda B. Caldas), (1M), 4–6.X.1979, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 13309) ; ibid. ( Itapu˜a), (1M), 19.I.1987, Tavares M.I. (MCNZ 15094) ; Palmares do Sul ( Fazenda das Almas), (1F), 11.XI.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 175212) ; ibid. ( Gateados Oeste), (1F), 07.IV.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53686) ; ibid. (1F), 14.XI.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 175314); ibid. (1F), 7.IX.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53687); Tapes, (5F, 1M), II.1963, Buck P. (MCNZ 1944; MCNZ 1985; MCNZ 1986; MCNZ 1987; MCNZ 2001; MCNZ 2002); ibid., (1F), 1.IV.1983, Hennig J.E. (MCNZ 57886); S˜ao Francisco de Assis ( Sanga da Areia), (3F, 3M), 10.III.2010, Barcellos A. &amp; Ott R. (MCNZ 181641, MCNZ 181642, MCNZ 181643, MCNZ 181644, MCNZ 181646, MCNZ 181647) ; ibid., (1F), 10.III.2010, Ott R. &amp; Heyrich I. (MCNZ 181561); ibid., (2F), 24.XI.2009, Barcellos A. &amp; Heidrich I. (MCNZ 181490, MCNZ 181491); ibid., (1M), 27.V.2009, Barcellos A. &amp; Ott R. (MCNZ 181702); ibid., (1M), 25.IV.2009, Barcellos A. &amp; Heidrich I. (MCNZ 180910); Sant’ ana do Livramento, (1M), II.1963, Thom´e (MCNZ 1943) .</p><p>Color pattern. Light yellow to almost burnt yellow with dark spots usually forming blotches (Fig. 4A–C). Head. Clypeus with posterior and median 1 + 1 small spots, these sometimes absent (Fig. 7A). Antennomeres I bicolored (proximal half yellow and distally dark). Rostrum segments III and IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum with at least 1 + 1 distinct inner maculate stripes. Scutellum with transverse intermittent areas with more and less dark macules. Femora with proximal dark small annulus and a larger one distally; tibiae with medial and distal dark blotch; first and last tarsomeres dark, middle tarsomere yellow.</p><p>Abdomen. Connexiva yellow, with small anterior and larger posterior dark macule on each segment. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows with one solid spot in each sternite; median rows with more than one solid blotch; inner row with a solid blotch in each sternite, culminating in a larger solid blotch on sternite VII. Stridulatory area usually without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles dark (Fig. 4C).</p><p>Head. Wider than long. Clypeus slightly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7A). Maxillar plates subequal to mandibular plates in length. Rostrum reaching the middle of sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins sub-rectilinear, humeral angles obtuse and produced, about half the width of the eye (Fig. 4A–C). Peritreme spout-like, developed, more than twice as long as wide (Fig. 8A). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII sinuous medially (Fig. 9A).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII subtriangular, anterior margins convex, sutural margins truncated posteriorly, lateral 2/3 of posterior margin sub-rectilinear, middle 1/3 strongly convex. Laterotergites IX subtriangular, anterior margin markedly convex (Fig. 9A). Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with the posterior half of the inner margin with a thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. Posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median subtriangular sclerite and 2 + 2 lateral sclerites, the intermediate pair oval and about the same size as the median, lateral pair small, round and produced (Fig. 10A).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sinuous (Fig. 12A). Ventral rim concave in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12J). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto uniformly tapering towards apex, convex dorsally in lateral view with apex strongly curved dorsally. Conjunctival processes II bifurcated, with a robust apical process. Conjunctival processes III with apex sclerotized, apex acute and strongly curved (Fig. 13A–C).</p><p>Measures. Body length (10.7–13.8) and width (7.7–10.0). Head length (2.1–2.7) and width (3.0–3.7).</p><p>Distribution. Southern South America, from Bahia state (Brazil) to Argentina (Santiago del Estero) (Coscar´on, 2017). Mainly present in the Atlantic Forest and the chaco biome.</p><p>Biological notes: Attracted to mercury vapor light, collected on S. terebinthifolia Raddi ( Anacardiaceae), and also recorded in Oryza sativa L. ( Poaceae) (Ferreira et al., 2001). Host of Hexacladia smithii Ashmead (Burks, 1972) ( Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae).</p><p>Comments. Usually yellow with a distinct dorsal pattern of intermittent transverse bands of black spots. Differs from its sympatric congeners, K. poecilus and K. diminutus, by the produced humeral angles, and from K. rosafloresae by its dorsal color pattern.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F8944FFE7FF32C45F923DA37C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895BFFE5FCE7C5309786A4F0.text	0399675F895BFFE5FCE7C5309786A4F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster poecilus (Berg 2025) (Berg, 1879) 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster poecilus (Berg, 1879), new combination</p><p>(Fig. 1E; Fig. 4D–F; Fig. 7B; Fig. 8B; Fig. 9B; Fig. 10B; Fig. 12B, K; Fig. 13D and E)</p><p>Tetyra poecila Berg, 1879:22–24 (description of adult and immature, host plants); Bertkau, 1879:376; Lethierry and Severin, 1893:31; Montandon, 1895:2; Schouteden, 1904:47, plate 3; Kirkaldy, 1909:284–285; Pennington, 1920:127; Bosq, 1937:127 (distribution); Coscar´on and Froeschner, 2000:31 (types); Mendonça et al., 2009:123; Barcellos et al., 2014:410,413,415; Carpintero et al., 2014:76 (faunistic); Coscar´ on et al., 2015:94 (types); Eger et al., 2015a:766; Coscar´on, 2017:329; Brugnera et al., 2023:614 (Fig. 4s).</p><p>Type material: Tetyra poecila type material is deposited in the collection of Divisi´on Entomología, Museo de La Plata: Eight syntypes: 1–5. Argentina: Buenos Aires (1339); 6–8. Uruguai: Banda Oriental (1339) (Coscar´on et al., 2015: Fig. 73: M, L). Here we designate as lectotype the first specimen of the serie, a male labelled as follows (each number corresponds to a different label): (1) Buenos Aires, (2) Typus, (3) T. poecila Berg., (4) 1339/1 [green circle].</p><p>Material examined (209): BRAZIL, Bahia: (1F), 6.XII.1908, no collector (CMNH 3702); Minas Gerais: (5 mi S Prata), (1F), 25.I.1980, Thomas D.B. (DBTC); Mato Grosso do Sul: Dourados ( Fazenda Leiteiro), (2F), 9.II.1997, no collector (UFRG) ; S˜ao Paulo: Guatapar´a, (2F, 3M), I.1945, Carrera M. (MCNZ 2253, IBSP 7167, IBSP 7168, JEEC) ; S˜ao Bento do Sapucaí, (1F), I.1953, Buckup L. (MCNZ 2240) ; S˜ao Jose´dos Campos, (2M), XI.1935, D. B. (MCNZ 2244, MCNZ 2245) ; S˜ao Paulo, (1M), XI.1941, no collector (MCNZ 2264); ibid., (1F), V.1926, no collector (IBSP 7173); Sorocaba, (1F), X.1935, no collector (IBSP 6810) ; Parana´: Curitiba, On Schinus terebinthifolius (2F), 3.II.1988, no collector ; Campo do Tenente, (1M), 10.X.1973, Mielke (DZUP 217364, JEEC) ; Santa Catarina: Corup´a, (1F), XI.1954, Keller A. (DZUP 217376) ; Jaguaruna, (2F), 18.X.2011, Perin C.; Ararangu´a, (1M), X.2008 – V.2009, Daminelli M. (UFRG) ; Rio Grande do Sul: Derrubadas ( Parque Estadual do Turvo), 22.XII.1982, Bonatto S. (UFRG) ; Caxias do Sul ( Vila Oliva), (1M), 21.VII.1947, no collector (MCNZ 2265) ; Canela, (1F), 2.III.1976, Lise A. (MCNZ 45165); S˜ao Francisco de Paula (FLONA), (1F), 13. I.2007, Schwertner C.F. (UFRG) ; Pareci Novo, (2M), XI.1946, no collector (MCNZ 2235, MCNZ 2241) ; Torres, (1M), 28.II.1991, Moura L. (MCNZ 50372); ibid. (1F), 22.II.1991, Moura L. (MCNZ 50373); ibid., (1M), I.1978, Mansa M.E.D. (MCNZ 15100); S˜ao Francisco de Assis ( Sanga da Areia), (1M), 10.III.2010, Barcellos A. &amp; Ott R. (MCNZ 181640) ; ibid., (1F), 27.V.2009, Barcellos A. &amp; Ott R. (MCNZ 181706); ibid., (2F), 20.VIII.2009, Barcellos A. &amp; Ott R. (MCNZ 181737, MCNZ 181738); Canoas, (1F), VII.1962, no collector (MCNZ 1993) ; Imbe´( Santa Terezinha) (1M), 24.II.1973, Galileo M.H. (MCNZ 8493) ; Tramandaí, (1M), IX.1955, Pintal D. (MCNZ 2260); Triunfo, (1M), 12. V.1981, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 16031); ibid., (1F), 23.I.1979, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 13004); ibid., (1M), 22.VI.1999, Bonaldo A. (MCNZ 53169); ibid. ( Parque COPESUL), (1M), 14.II.2008, Moraes R. (MCNZ 180430) ; Gravataí, (1F), 19.XII.1966, no collector (CIBM) ; Eldorado do Sul ( Fazenda Kramm), (1M), 1.VIII.1999, Bonaldo A. &amp; Silva A. (MCNZ 53175) ; ibid., (1M), 19.I.1999, Moura L. (MCNZ); ibid., ( Fazenda Sao ˜ Jos´e), (1M), 5–7.I.2000, Bonaldo A. &amp; Silva A. (MCNZ 53190) ; Porto Alegre, (1M), 20.V.1953, no collector (MCNZ 15081) ; ibid., (1M), no date, Buck P. (MCNZ 2263); ibid., (1F), 25.II.1964, Buck P. (MCNZ 15070); ibid., (1F), 23.V.1951, no collector (MCNZ 15080); ibid., (1F), II.1955, Buckup L. (MCNZ 2259); ibid., (1M), I.1959, Buck P. (MCNZ 15064); ibid., (1M), 15.IX.1956, Buck P. (CIBM 6246); ibid., (1F), no date, Corsevel E. (MCNZ 2940); ibid. ( Ilha das Flores), (1F), 15.IV.1999, Moura L. (MCNZ 53171) ; ibid., (1F), XI.1956, Palcya M. (MCNZ 2256); ibid., ( Lami), (1F), 25.I.1979, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 13005) ; ibid., ( Morro do Sabi´a), (1F), 14.I.1964, no collector (MCNZ 15065) ; ibid., ( Morro Santana), (1M), 13.VIII.1982, Bonatto S. (UFRG 970) ; Guaíba, (1F), 28–29.I.1980, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 14080); ibid. ( Arroio Petim), (5F), 19. I.1981, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 16996, MCNZ 45002, MCNZ 45016, MCNZ 45022, MCNZ 45032) ; ibid. ( Florida), (1M), 15.III.1955, Buckup L. (MCNZ 2257) ; Cidreira, (1F), 1936, no collector (CIBM) ; Viam˜ao, (1M), IX.1952, Buckup L. &amp; E. (MCNZ 2237) ; ibid., (1F), IV.1956, Buckup L. (MCNZ 2266); ibid., (2M, 3F), V.1957, Buckup L. &amp; E. (MCNZ 2254, MCNZ 2255, MCNZ 2258, MCNZ 2262, MCNZ 2267); ibid., (1M), 9. XI.1976, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 15095); ibid., (1M), 13.II.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47962); ibid., (1F, 1M), 11–14.IV.1983, Lise A. (MCNZ 47916, MCNZ 47920); ibid., (2M), 12.IV.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47905, MCNZ 47907); ibid., (1F), 13.IV.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47964); ibid., (1F, 1M), 10.V.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47975, MCNZ 47977); ibid. ( Morro do Coco), (1M), 20.X.2018, Schmitz L.R. (MCNZ) ; Palmares do Sul ( Ilha Grande), (1F, 2M), 10.IV.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53717, MCNZ 53718, MCNZ 53877) ; Barra do Ribeiro ( Fazenda Boa Vista), (1F, 1M), 13.V.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53969, MCNZ 53998) ; ibid., (1F), 14.V.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 54261); ibid., (2F, 2M), 16. V.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 54079, MCNZ 54086, MCNZ 176143, MCNZ 176235); Tapes, (3F, 4M), XI.1963, Buck P. (MCNZ 1945; MCNZ 1946; MCNZ 1988; MCNZ 1991; MCNZ 1992; MCNZ 1996; MCNZ 1998); ibid., (1M), 1.IV.1983, Hennig J.E. (MCNZ 47886); ibid. ( Fazenda Guar´a), (1F), 15.V.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 54182) ; Dom Feliciano ( Fazenda Chapada), (1F), 18–19.III.2000, Bonaldo A. (MCNZ 54588) ; Barra do Quaraí ( Espinilho Leste), (1F), 11.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (UFRG 824) ; ibid., Espinilho, (1F, 1M), 12.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner, coletado em Scutia sp., (UFRG 825, UFRG 826) ; ibid. ( Fazenda Espinilho), (1F, 2M), 10.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (UFRG 817, UFRG 818, UFRG 819) ; ibid., (2M), 11.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (UFRG 821, UFRG 822); ibid., (1M), 17.IX.2003, Schwertner &amp; Iserhard (UFRG 816); ibid. ( marco geogr´afico, coletado em limoeiro), (1M), 11.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (UFRG 820) ; ibid., (1F), 11.I.2004, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (UFRG 823); ibid., (1F), 17.IX.2003, Schwertner &amp; Iserhard (UFRG 815); ibid., (2F, 4M), 24.III.2003, Bunde &amp; Schwertner (coletado em mata ciliar) (UFRG 809, UFRG 810, UFRG 811, UFRG 812, UFRG 813, UFRG 814); Sant’ ana do Livramento, (1M), 5.I.1971, Carvalho S. (MCNZ 13133); Bage´ ( Rio Negro), BR-153, (1M), 29.III.2006, Schwertner &amp; Cohen (UFRG) ; Canguçu ( Rincao ˜da Ronda), (1F), 3.IV.2004, no collector (campo, coletado em borda de mata) (UFRG 455) ; Pelotas, (1F), 1. V.1962, Biezanko C.M. (MCNZ 1989); Santa Vit´oria do Palmar ( Estaç˜ao Ecol´ogica Taim) (1F, 2M), 27.XI.1985, Marques M.A.L. (MCNZ 49680, MCNZ 49681, MCNZ 49682) ; PARAGUAY, Concepcion´: Horqueta (44 km east Paraguay River), (1M) 8.XII.1934, Schulze A. (USNM) ; San Pedro: Laguna Blanca, 665 ft, (1F), 19–23.II.2019, Eger J.E. &amp; Bezark L. (JEEC); Canindeyú: Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú, fish carrion-baited butterfly trap, 598 ft, (3M) 2–5.XII.2017, Eger J.E. (JEEC); ibid., (6M), 19–22.XI.2016, Eger J.E. (JEEC #271/2016); Cordillera: (1F), 3.III.2005, Rives J.; Caacupe´ ( Camp. Evangelica Neatestamenta), fish carrion-baited butterfly trap, 988 ft, (1M) 15 18. XI. 2016, Eger J.E. (JEEC #271/2016) ; Naranjo, (1M), 3.III.2005, Aguilar C.; ibid., (1M), 25.X.2006, Aguilar C. (JEEC); Central: Capiat´a, (1M), 21.II.1994, Arriagada G. (JEEC) ; Paraguarí: Cerro Hû, vic. Posada del Cerro, UV and MV lights, 531 ft, (1F), 5–6.II.2019, Eger J.E. &amp; Bezark L.G. ; Castymi, (1M), 5.II.2004, Rivas J. (JEEC); Guaira´: Ybyturuzú, (1M), I.1994, Arriagada G. (JEEC); Misiones: San Ignacio (vic. Hotel Rural), fish carrion-baited butterfly trap, 595 ft, (2M), 5–8.XII.2019, Eger, Tyson &amp; Leavengood (JEEC) ; Itapúa: Pro Cosara Nature Reserve, fish carrion-baited butterfly trap, 933 ft, (3M), 9.10. XII.2019, Eger, Tyson &amp; Leavengood (JEEC); ARGENTINA, Salta: 3–8 km SW Campo Quijano, in Aloysia gratissima, (2M), 17–18.III.1995, Gill B.D. (DBTC) ; Corrientes: Alvear, (3F, 1M) II.1991, no collector (DARC) ; ibid., (2F, 1M) III.1991, no collector (DARC); Entre Ríos: Pueblo Liebig, (1M), II–III.1997, Caire S.R. (JEEC) ; ibid., (9F, 9M), XII.1996, Caire S.R. (JEEC); ibid., (3F), VII.1988, G. Arriagada (JEEC); ibid., (4F, 7M), II.1991, no collector; ibid., (5F, 1M) III.1990, no collector; ibid., (2F), II.1990, no collector; ibid., (2F), X.1988, no collector (DARC); URUGUAY, Canelones: (plain on east side of Arroyo Pando), (1F, 2M), 19.I.2014, Wibmer G.J. (JEEC) .</p><p>Color pattern. Highly polychromatic, brownish to ferrugineus, usually with orangish intermittent stripes dorsally (Fig. 4D–F). Head. Dorsal surface with posterior longitudinal bands of black punctures between the eyes. Clypeus with, or without posterior and median 1 + 1 spots (Fig. 7B). Antennomeres I bicolored (first half yellow and distal half dark). Rostrum with segment III mostly yellow with a median dark blotch, segment IV mainly dark. Thorax. Pronotum with at least 1 + 1 distinct inner maculate rows with anterior and posterior portions of these rows with indistinct patterns of macules. Scutellum with darker sparse punctures distributed sparsely in longitudinal stripes. Femora with proximal small dark blotch and larger distal blotch; tibiae with medial and distal dark blotches; first and last tarsomeres dark, remaining tarsomere yellow to ferrugineus. Abdomen. Connexiva with dark punctations evenly distributed. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows usually absent, sometimes few dark spots on each sternite. Median rows with more than one solid blotch on each sternite, inner row with a few aggregations of dark spots on each sternite, usually forming two thin sub rows. Stridulatory areas usually without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles concolorous (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Head. Wider than long. Clypeus slightly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7B). Maxillar plates subequal to mandibular plates in length. Rostrum reaching the middle of sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins sub-rectilinear, humeral angles round and slightly produced, by less than half the width of the eye (Fig. 4D–F). Peritreme spout-like reduced, about as wide as long (Fig. 8B). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII sinuous medially (Fig. 9B).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margin posteriorly truncated, posterior margin strongly sinuous. Laterotergites IX subtriangular, anterior margin convex (partially hidden by valvifers VIII), lateral angles strongly produced and constricted by valvifer VIII (Fig. 9B). Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with almost the entire inner margin with thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. Posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median trapezoidal sclerite and 1 + 1 lateral oval sclerites about the same size as the median one (Fig. 10B).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sub-rectilinear (Fig. 12B). Ventral rim is also sub-rectilinear in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12K). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto distal half abruptly tapered, slightly sinuous in lateral view with apex curved dorsally. Conjunctival processes II with a thin process with a distinct base. Conjunctival processes III distally sclerotized, apex acute and curved (Fig. 13D and E).</p><p>Measures. Body length (10.1–17.4) and width (7.0–11.4). Head length (2.0–3.0) and width (3.0–4.2).</p><p>Distribution: Brazil (Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul), Argentina (south till Neuqu´en) (Coscar´on, 2017), Paraguay, and Uruguay.</p><p>Biological notes: Collected manually, with net and entomological umbrella. Attracted to ultraviolet light, mercury vapor light and fish carrion-baited butterfly traps (Eger et al., 2015b). Found on A. gratissima (Gillies and Hook) ( Verbenaceae), S. terebinthifolia Raddi ( Anacardiaceae), Scutia sp. Brongn ( Rhamnaceae), Citrus sp. L. ( Rutaceae) and in a nest of Anumbius annumbi (Vieillot) ( Aves: Furnariidae), was also found in diapause (via label). Recorded by Berg (1879) on Vachellia caven (Mol.), V. farnesiana (L.) ( Mimosaceae), Cestrum euanthes Schltdl., Solanum bonariense L. ( Solanaceae) and Gleditsia triacanthos L . ( Fabaceae).</p><p>Comments: The only species with nymphal stages described (Berg, 1879). The species is highly polychromatic, and as described by Berg: “It’ s so variable in color, in dots and black spots, that no two specimens are completely identical”. Differs from its congeners by the abdominal inner row of blotches that are separated by the stridulatory area forming two distinct rows, peritreme smaller and aedeagus sensu stricto long and slender.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895BFFE5FCE7C5309786A4F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F8959FFE4FF32C2A59337A37B.text	0399675F8959FFE4FF32C2A59337A37B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster farctus (Germar 1839) (Germar, 1839) 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster farctus (Germar, 1839) new combination, revalidated</p><p>(Fig. 1 F; Fig. 4 G – I; Fig. 7 C; Fig. 8 C; Fig. 9 C; Fig. 10 C; Fig. 12 C, L; Fig. 13 F and G)</p><p>Pachycoris farctus Germar, 1839:92 (description); Stål, 1862:81; Walker, 1867:47.</p><p>Pachycoris guttipes Walker, 1867:47–48 (description); Eger and Lattin, 1997:414.</p><p>Tetyra farcta Stål, 1870:5 (new combination and senior synonymy); Distant, 1880:14, plt 3, Fig. 1 (illustration and notes); Uhler, 1886:1; Howard, 1889:188; Distant, 1880:310; Lethierry and Severin 1893:31; Schouteden, 1904:47 (junior synonymy); Kirkaldy, 1909:284; Maes, 1994:27; Maes, 1998:478.</p><p>Tetyra pinguis Lethierry, 1881:8; Gibson and Carrillo, 1959:28; Maes, 1994:28; Maes, 1998:478; Meurgey and Ramage, 2020:36; Lupoli, 2023:130 (Fig. 43).</p><p>Type material: The holotype of P. farctus is a male from M´exico, and can be found in the Benedict Dybowski Zoological Museum of the National University of Lviv (compared by picture). The holotype of P. guttipes, a female, can be found in the British Museum, labelled as follows (each number corresponds to a different label): (1) Type [green circle], (2) Mex., (3) “11. P. guttipes ”, (4) BRIT. MUS. TYPE. No. Hem. 545 (checked by the third author).</p><p>Material examined (254): USA, Texas: Cameron Co., Brownsville, Chinese Tallow, (2F), VIII.1979, Gage E.V. (JEEC) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas: 4 mi N Ciudad Mante, at light, (1F), 3.IX.1964, Whitehead D.R. (JEEC) ; Salamanca, 7 mi E Jaumave, (1M), 25.VII.1981, Ratcliff B.C. &amp; Messenger C.L. (JEEC) ; Sinaloa: 9 km NE Loberas, (2M), 30.IX.1990, Turnbow R. (UGCA) ; La Lobera, microwave sta., (1M), 22.VI.1992, no collector (DBTC) ; 1–21 km N La Capilla del Taxte, (1M), 6.X.2008, Skillman &amp; Turnbow (FSCA); 35–36 km N La Capilla del Taxte, (1F, 2M), 1.X.1990, Turbow R. (UGCA); Mazatlan, (1M), 20.VIII.1975, Aalbu R.L. (DBTC); . 3 mi N San Ignacio, (1F), 5.X.2008, Turbow R. (UGCA); Durango: 50–58 km NE La Capilla del Taxte, (4F, 3M), 1.X.1990, Turnbow R. (UGCA); Km 164 Carretara Durango - Mozatlan, 2400 msnm, (2M), 26.X.2005, Marino ˜R. &amp; Rakitov R. (UNAM) ; 10 km E La Ciudad, (1M), 1.X.1990, Turbow R. (UGCA); Nayarit: Jala (12–16 km S, Volcan Ceboruco), (1F), 10.X.1992, Turbow R. (UGCA) ; San Luis Potosí: El Planíto, Mpio. Cd. Del Maíz, (1F), 27.VII.1984, Welling E.C. (JEEC) ; El Salto Falls, BL trap, (1F), 14.VI.1963, Woodruff R.E. (FSCA); Jalisco: Mpio. Lahuerta, Chamela Biol. Sta., (1F), 27.VII.1996, Godwin W.M. (JEEC) ; ibid., (1F), 20.VIII.1977, Gurcola H.A. (UNAM); ibid., (1F), 9–19.VII.1993, Huether J. (DBTC); ibid., (1M), 27.VIII.1990, Mayorga C., Cadena A. &amp; Martinez J. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 29.VI.1990, Ramirez E. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 7.XI.1989, Ortega G. &amp; Cardena A. (UNAM); ibid., (2M), 18–20.VII.1980, Pescador A. (UNAM); ibid., (4M), 28–30. VII.1980, Pescador A. (UNAM); ibid., (1F), 6.IX.1979, Brailovsky H. (UNAM); La Primavera, 1600 m, (1F), 15.VII.1998, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Playa Blanca, (1M), X.1975, Decelle J. (RISNB); Rio San Nicolas, (1M), 7.VII.1989, Ramirez E. (UNAM); Sierra de Manantlan, (1F), 13–16.IV.1995, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Sierra de Talpa, 1470 msnm, (3F), 30.VIII.2011, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Veracruz: 2.3 mi sw Totutla, (1M), 6.VIII.1976, Peigler, Gruetzmacher, Schaffner, Murray R. &amp; M., (JEEC); Dos Amales, (1M), 1.VII.1989, Martinez J. (UNAM); Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, (1F), 5.X.1989, Colin J.L. &amp; Rojas H. (UNAM) ; ibid., (1M), 15. IX.1988, Mayorga C. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 22–23.X.1989, Colin J.L. (UNAM); Lag. Encondida, (1M 2F), 20.IX.1988, Majorda E. &amp; Sinaca J.C. (UNAM); Ixhuatlan del Caf´e, (1M), 6.VIII.1985, Taylor T.W. &amp; Sullivan P.H. (DBTC) ; Los Tuxtlas, (1F), 20.VI.1977, Higareda Q. (UNAM) ; ibid., (1M 1F), 17.VI.1986, Cervantes L. (UNAM); ibid., (1M 4F), 26.VIII.1983, Mayorga C. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 15.IV.1986, Ibarra A. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 15.IV.1986, Ibarra A. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 17.VI.1986, Melendez V. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 28.VIII.1985, Melendez V. (UNAM); ibid., (10M 8F), 22.VIII.1985, Sinaca S. (UNAM); ibid., (4M 2F), 26.VIII.1985, Melendez V. (UNAM); Patla Edo., (1F), 25.VIII.1996, Thomas &amp; Burne (DBTC); Plan del Rio Caseta de Cobro Xalapa, (1F), 3.VII.2004, Carillo A. &amp; de Melho V. (UNAM); San Andres Tuxtla, 710 msnm, (1M), 23–24. VIII.2009, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Tuxtlas VAR, (1M), 10.V.1967, no collector (UNAM); Quintana Roo: Cabo, (8M 6F), VI–XI.2015, Santos C. (JEEC); Quer´etaro: km 4.5 La Lagunita, Tilaco (1M), 8.VIII.1998, Barrera E. &amp; Brailovsky H. (UNAM) ; km 8 Neblinas Agua Zarca (1M), 19. VIII.1998, Brailovsky H. &amp; Barrera E. (UNAM); Km 8 Neblinas Huazarca (1F), 25.IV.1998, Barrera E. &amp; Mayorga C. (UNAM) ; San Juan del Rio, (2M 1F), 22.IX.1995, Sanchez C.A. (UNAM); Hidalgo: 10 km N. Tlanchinol, (1M 1F), 1–2.VIII.1985, Taylor T.W. &amp; Sullivan P.H. (DBTC) ; 3 km N Tlanchinol, 1470 masl, (1M 3F), 7.V.1994, Blakaller J. &amp; Perez A. (UNAM); Chapulhuacan, 762 m, (1F), 16.VI.1979, Taylor T.W. &amp; Sullivan P.H. (DBTC); Hildage, Otongo, (1M 1F), 6.IX.1980, Rivera L. (UNAM) ; Ixcuicuila, 13 km SO de Huejutla, (1M), 11.V.1999, Brailovsky H. &amp; Barrera E. (UNAM) ; km 10 Carr. Ixtlahuaco Calnali, (1M), 12. III.1999, Ibarra A. (UNAM) ; km 9 Carr. Huejutla-Atlapexco, 410 msnm, (2F), 28.VIII.1999, Barrera E. (UNAM) ; Laguna Azisa, Mocango, (1M), 22.VIII.1979, Zorogoza S. (UNAM) ; Laguna Azteca, Molango, (1F), 22. VII.1979, Terron´R. (UNAM) ; Otongo, (4F), 14–15.1980, Rivera L. (UNAM); (1F), 22.VII.1979, Terr´oa R. (UNAM); Tlanchinol, 1500 msnm, (1M), 18–21.VI.1996, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Puebla: La Ceiba, 160 m, (1F), 10.VII.1977, no collector (UNAM) ; Patla, 180 m, (1M), 27.V.1978, (UNAM) ; ibid., 450 m, (1F), 5.VI.1997, Sanchez C. &amp; Vargas J. (UNAM); San Diego, (1F), 31.X.1953, no collector (UNAM) ; Villa Juarez, (1M), 16.IV.1975, Brailovsky H. (UNAM); ibid., 1000 mt, (1F), 19.VIII.1956, Pelaez D. (UNAM); Xicotepec de Juarez, (1F), 29.VIII.1982, Beutelspacher C.B. (UNAM); ibid., (1F), 10.X.1977, (UNAM); ibid., (1F), 9. X.1977, no collector (UNAM); Michoac´an: Coalcoman, km 1.5 Coalcom´an-Tepalcatepec, 1035 m, (1M), 28.VI.2008, Cervantes L. &amp; Brzoska D. (UNAM) ; M´exico: Km 6, Tecuascaltepec-Teuyuca, (1M), 21.XI.1984, Barrera E. (UNAM) ; Tomascal-T´opac, (1F), 22.XI.1980, Barrera E. (UNAM) ; Distrito Federal: Contreras, (1F), 7.XII.1998, Rosos A. (UNAM); Colima: (4M, 2F), VIII–IX, Hoffmann C., (UNAM 70014); Manzanillo, (1F), 6.IX.1979, Brailovsky H. (UNAM); Guerrero: Acapulco, San Marcos, (1F), 20.IX.1978, Lopez W.F. ; Copala 5 km to Cihuapoloya, 23 msnm, (1F), 23.IX.2005, Cervantes L. &amp; Carranza R. ; km 110 Coyuca de Catalbn-Zihuantanejo, (1F), 16.IV.1988, Garcia M. &amp; Cervantes L.; Tlapa km 39 Tlapa-San Luis Acatl´an, 2095m, (1F), 22. IV.2006, Brailovsky H. &amp; Cervantes L., (UNAM) ; Oaxaca: Plum Hidalgo, (1M), 1.II.1988, Barrera E., Cadena R. &amp; Ramirez E. (UNAM) ; Rte. 131, 18.8 km. S. Sola de Vega, 2070 m, cloud forest, in bromeliads, (1F), 18. I.1979, Ball G.E. &amp; K.E. (JEEC) ; Sta Cruz, Teotilalpa, 1170 msnm, (1M), 28.VI.1998, Nogueira G. (UNAM) ; Tuxtepec, (3F), no date or collector (RISNB) ; Valle Nacional San Mateo Yetla, (1F), 14.X.1990, Cadena A., Ramirez E. &amp; Barrera E. (UNAM); ibid., (1F), 20.X.1981, Ibarra R. (UNAM); Chiapas: Ocozocoautla, 3 km W Laguna belgica, (2M, 1F), 5–20.VII.2003, Toledo V.H. &amp; Corona A.M. (UNAM) ; Palenque, (1F), X.1988, Thomas (DBTC); San Jeronimo, 600 m, (1F), VI.1979, Welling E.C. (JEEC); Simojovel, (2M), VI.1989, Thomas &amp; Mendoza (DBTC); Tapachula, Uni´on Ju´arez, Puente Colorado, (1M), 26.III.1985, Vertiz H. (UNAM) ; Yaxoquintela, 560 m, (1F, 1M), 17.IX.1978, Rawlins J.E. (CMNH) ; GUATEMALA, Huehuetenango: Bulej, 2 km N Bosque Ruboso, (1F), 22–23.IX.1998, Bailey C. &amp; Monzon´J. (JEEC) ; Izabal: Finca Firmeza, (1F, 1M), 17.X.2006, Turnbow R. (UGCA); Zacapa: San Lorenzo, 1000 m, (1M), Turnbow R. (UGCA); Baja Verapaz: Biotopo del Quetzal ( Cloud forest near Purulha), (1M 1F), 6–7.X.2007, Warner W.B. (JEEC) ; Suchitep´equez: Finca Tarrales, Volcan Atitlan, 1200 m, (1F), 15.IX.2008, Heppner J.B. (FSCA) ; Jutiapa: El Progresso, (1F), 5. IX.1958, Bredo H.J. (RISNB); EL SALVADOR, San Vicente: Volcan, Finca La Paz, (1F), 1.VIII.1959, Bechyne J. (RISNB) ; DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, Barahona: El Arroyo, (1F), 24.VI.1992, Skillman F.W. (JEEC); Filipinas Larimar Mine, at lights, (1M), 20–26.VI.1992, Woodruff R.E. &amp; Skelley P.E. (FSCA) ; ibid., blacklight trap, (1F), 26.VI–7.VII.1992, Woodruff R.E. &amp; Skelley P.E. (FSCA); Ibid., (1F), 6–11.VII.1993, Woodruff R.W. (FSCA); HONDURAS, Atlantida´, La Ceiba (base of Pico Bonito, black light + hg), (1M), 18.VII.2001, Smith C.L. (UGCA) ; GUADELOUPE, Basse Terre: Parc National de la Guadeloupe, 5 km E. of Mahaul, black light trap, (5F, 2M), 11.IX.2010, Thomas M.C. &amp; Turnbow R.H. (FSCA) ; Delauney, (1F, 1M) no date or collector (RISNB) ; Bois Malher, blacklight trap, (1F), 9.IX.2010, Thomas M.C. &amp; Turnbow R.H. (FSCA); DOMINICA, Saint Paul: Mt Joy, Archbold Tropical Research and Education Center, MV light, (8M), 1–7.VI.1995, Eden R.D., Stieber &amp; Woolley (TAMU) ; ibid., UV light (1F, 6M), 3.VI.1995, Eden R.D. (TAMU); ibid., MV light, (1M), 28.V.1995, Eden R.D (TAMU); ibid., MV light, (2M), 1–2.VI.1995, Eden R.D., Stieber &amp; Woolley (TAMU); ibid., UV light, (1F, 1M), 28–29.V.1995, Eden R.D., Stieber &amp; Woolley (TAMU); ibid., (1F, 2M), 11–13.VI.1991, Arnold K. &amp; students (TAMU); Canefield, 450 m, (1M), 11–18.VI.1991, Rawlins J.E. &amp; Thompson S.A. (CMNH); Saint George: Rousseau Valley, Chez OPhelia, at light, (2F, 2M), 25.XI.2004, no collector ; ibid., (12F, 11M), 29.VI.2004, no collector (JEEC); Copthall, (1M 1F), 29.VI.2004, Turnbow R. (UGCA); COSTA RICA, Guanacaste, Ca˜nas (14 km S.), (1M), 24–31.IV.1990, Parker F.D. (UGCA) .</p><p>Color pattern. Light to cream yellow with intermittent lighter rows usually with few dark spots and blotches (Fig. 4 G – I). Head. Dorsal surface. Clypeus with posterior spots (Fig. 7 C). Antennomeres I bicolored (first half yellow and distal dark). Rostrum with segments III and IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with dark spots sparsely distributed. Femora distal dark blotch small; tibiae entirely yellow; first and last tarsomeres dark, remaining tarsomere yellow. Abdomen. Connexiva yellow, with a posterior small dark macule. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows usually absent. Median rows with more than one solid blotches, sometimes only one. Inner row with a solid blotch in each sternite, culminating into a larger solid blotch on sternite VII, sometimes absent on sternites IV–VI. Stridulatory areas without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles dark (Fig. 4 I).</p><p>Head. Wider than long. Clypeus slightly surpassing mandibular plates. Mandibular and maxillary plates subequal in length. Rostrum reaching sternite III (Fig. 7 C). Thorax. Pronotum. Anterolateral margins sub-rectilinear, humeral angles obtuse and produce about half the width of the eye (less than half in Antilles specimens) (Fig. 4 G – I). Peritreme spout-like developed, half longer than wide (Fig. 8 C). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII uniformly concave (Fig. 9 C).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII elongate subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins truncate posteriorly, posterior margin sub-rectilinear to shallowly concave. Laterotergites IX subtriangular, anterior margin convex, lateral angles distinctly produced (Fig. 9 C).</p><p>Gynatrium. Ring sclerites without thick "leaf-like" sclerotized processes. posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median larger sub-rectangular sclerite and 1 + 1 globose sclerites about the same size as the median sclerite (Fig. 10 C).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin concave (Fig. 12 C). Ventral rim sub-rectilinear in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12 L). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto constricted medially, abrupted tapered towards apex in ventral view, convex dorsally in lateral view, apically with 1 + 1 parallel thin rounded process with margin jagged, phalotreme curved, positioned sub-apically. Conjunctival processes II with a small strongly curved (half circle shaped) sclerotized process which is broad basally. Conjunctival processes III distally sclerotized into an acute, curved process with a broad base (Fig. 13 F and G).</p><p>Measures. Body length (12.1–17.6) and width (8.5–11.9). Head length (2.2–3.1) and width (3.2–4.2).</p><p>Distribution: Occurs mainly in Central America, with individuals collected in the southern USA to Costa Rica; it is the only species present in the Antilles, where specimens are smaller compared to the continental specimens. The USA record is the first and only record for Kernegaster species in this country.</p><p>Biological notes: Collected with blacklight and mercury vapor light traps. Can be found in bromeliads. Collected on Coffea sp. ( Rubiaceae) (Maes, 1998).</p><p>Comments: The species differs mainly by the lack of macules and blotches, which can be scarce or even absent ventrally (Fig. 4 I). Usually, the 1 + 1 spots on the anterior portion of the scutellum (right before pronotum) have an adjacent area lighter in color than the remaining surface (Fig. 4 G). The genitalia of both sex could also be used as a diagnosis for the species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F8959FFE4FF32C2A59337A37B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F8958FFE3FCE7C5309785A2AE.text	0399675F8958FFE3FCE7C5309785A2AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster diminutus Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster diminutus Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 G; Fig. 5 A – C; Fig. 7 D; Fig. 8 D; Fig. 9 D; Fig. 10 D; Fig. 12 D, M; Fig. 13 H and I)</p><p>Tetyra sp. Brugnera et al., 2023:614 (Fig. 4t).</p><p>Type Material (29): Holotype. (1M) BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul: Palmares do Sul, Ilha Grande, 10.IV.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53720) ;</p><p>Paratypes. PARAGUAY, Caaguazú: Pastoreo, (2M), 23.I.2023, Donald Wees (AMNH) ; Iguazu River, (2M), 10.III.2002, Donald Wees (AMNH) ; BRAZIL, Bahia: Remanso, Santo Antˆonio, (2M), 25.II.1964, no collector (CIBM) ; Santa Catarina: Nova Teutˆonia, (1F, 2M), 1.XI.1944, Plaumann F. (USNM); ibid., J.C. Lutz Collection 1961, (1M), 22.II.1956 (USNM); Rio Grande do Sul: S˜ao Francisco de Paula ( FLONA), (1F), 13. I.2007, Schwertner C.F. (UFRG) ; Porto Alegre, (1F), 17.II.1950, no collector (MCNZ 15119) ; Viam˜ao, (1M), IX–1956, Palcya M. (MCNZ 2248); ibid., (3F) 11.IV.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47928, MCNZ 47926, MCNZ 47927); ibid., (1M), 13.II.1983, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 47966); ibid. ( Fazenda B. Caldas), (1F), 4–6.X.1979, Becker C.J. (MCNZ 13295) ; Guaíba ( Arroio Petim), (2F), 19.I.1981, Gastal H.A. (MCNZ 45006, MCNZ 45029) ; Barra do Ribeiro ( Fazenda Boa Vista) (1F), 16.XII.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 176235) ; Palmares do Sul ( Fazenda Rinc˜ao do Anast´acio), (1F), 12.XI.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 175277) ; ibid. ( Ilha Grande), (1F, 1M), 10.IV.2003, Equipe Probio (MCNZ 53718, MCNZ 53720, MCNZ 53719) ; Tapes, (1F, 2M), XI.1963, Buck P. (MCNZ 1935; MCNZ 1625, MCNZ 1931); ibid., (1M), XI.1979, Buck P. (MCNZ 1934) .</p><p>Color pattern. Highly polychromatic, brownish to ferrugineus, usually with large clusters of punctations (Fig. 5 A – C). Head. Clypeus with basal and median spots, 1 + 1 longitudinal dark stripes between the eyes. mandibular plates with 1 + 1 dark blotches located anteriorly and laterally above antennal insertion (Fig. 7 D). Antennomeres I bicolored (proximal half yellow and distally dark). Rostrum with segment III bicolored, segment IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum with at least 3 + 3 distinct inner maculate rows. Scutellum with many enlarged dark macules irregularly distributed. Femora with proximal and distal dark blotches about the same size, tibiae with medial and distal dark blotches. Tarsomeres dark. Abdomen. Connexiva yellow, with anterior and posterior larger dark macule. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows with one solid spot in each sternite. Median rows with a large cluster of spots on each sternite. Inner row with a solid blotch on each sternite, culminating into a larger solid blotch on sternite VII. Stridulatory areas with blotches. Spiracles concolorous with adjacent area (Fig. 5 C).</p><p>Head. Wider than long. Clypeus slightly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7 D). Maxillary plates slightly surpassing mandibular plates. Rostrum reaching the middle of sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum, anterolateral margins slightly convex, humeral angles round and slightly produced, less than a quarter the width of the eye (Fig. 5 A – C). Peritreme spout-like reduced, about as wide as long (Fig. 8 D). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII uniformly concave (Fig. 9 D).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins truncate posteriorly, posterior margin sinuous. Laterotergites IX subrectangular, anterior margin markedly convex, angles slightly produced (Fig. 9 D). Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with almost the entire inner margin with thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. Posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a poorly sclerotized median sclerite and 1 + 1 oval sclerites larger than the median sclerite (Fig. 10 D).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sub-rectilinear (Fig. 12 D). Ventral rim also sub-rectilinear in posterior view. Parameres. Crown clearly surpassing width of the stem, apex acute (Fig. 12 M). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto tapering, sinuous in lateral view; apex strongly curved dorsally, with a curved dorsal process. Conjunctival processes II with a small robust sclerotized process, cpIII distal half sclerotized, elongated and cylindrical (Fig. 13 H and I).</p><p>Measures. Body length (7.6–9.9) and width (5.1–6.8). Head length (1.6–2.1) and width (2.6–3.3).</p><p>Distribution: The species is present mainly in southern Brazil, except for two individuals from Bahia and Paraguay. The species probably occurs throughout the Atlantic Forest biome.</p><p>Biological notes: Collected with an entomological umbrella and also found in a nest of Tyrannus melancholicus Vieillot ( Aves: Tyrannidae).</p><p>Etymology and comments. The epithet “diminutus” refers to the size of the species, which is about half the length and width of its congeners, with the exception of K. chapadanus . Beyond size, the species resembles K. poecilus, except for the genitalia of both sexes, which are unique.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F8958FFE3FCE7C5309785A2AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895FFFE3FF32C4E792A2A223.text	0399675F895FFFE3FF32C4E792A2A223.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster fulvescens Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster fulvescens Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 H; Fig. 5 D – F; Fig. 7 E; Fig. 8 E; Fig. 9 E; Fig. 10 E; Fig. 12 E, N; Fig. 13 J and K)</p><p>Type Material (04): Holotype. (M) BRAZIL, Roraima: Boa Vista ( Campo Experimental´Agua Boa), 26.IV.2012, no collector .</p><p>Paratypes. (3F), same data as the holotype ; VENEZUELA, Gu´arico: 7 km ESE Calaboza, Est. Biol. Llanos, 380′, (1M), 21.VII.1988, no collector (JEEC) .</p><p>Color pattern. Orange to ferrugineus, ventrally yellowish with brown blotches (Fig. 5 D – F). Head. Dorsal surface. Clypeus with posterior spots, mandibular plates with 1 + 1 dark blotches located laterally above antennal insertions (Fig. 7 E). Antennomeres I and II yellow, remaining antennomeres bicolored. Rostral segments entirely yellow, except for the tip of segment IV. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with many small dark spots evenly distributed. Femora with proximal dark blotch small and distal blotch larger; tibiae with medial and distal dark blotch; tarsomeres yellow, except for the last, which is darker.</p><p>Abdomen. Connexiva yellowish, with an anterior and posterior small dark macule. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows absent. Median rows with more than one solid blotch. Inner row with a solid blotch in each sternite, culminated into an aggregation of dark spots on sternite VII. Stridulatory areas without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles concolourous (Fig. 5 F).</p><p>Head. Slightly wider than long. Clypeus surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7 E). Maxillary plates slightly surpass mandibular plates. Rostrum reaching abdominal sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins sub-rectilinear, humeral angles round and produced about a third of the width of the eye (Fig. 5 D – F). Peritreme spout-like, developed, about three times longer than wide (Fig. 8 E). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII sinuous, and broadly convex medially (Fig. 9 E).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII elongate sub-rectangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins convex posteriorly, posterior margin sinuous with distal margin produced, covering the lateral portion of laterotergites IX. Laterotergites IX elongate subtriangular, anterior margin convex, lateral angled produced (Fig. 9 E). Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with almost the entire inner margin with thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. Posteromedian gynatrial pouch without a median sclerite, with 2 + 2 lateral sclerites, the intermediate pair sub-rectangular and curved, lateral pair small, round and produced (Fig. 10 E).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sinuous (Fig. 11 D). Ventral rim concave in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex truncated (Fig. 12 N). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto abruptly tapered towards the apex, convex dorsally in lateral view, phallotreme sub rectilinear, positioned apically. Conjunctival processes II with a thin, slightly sinuous sclerotized apical process with a distinct base. Conjunctival processes III distally sclerotized into an acute, curved process (Fig. 13 J and K).</p><p>Measures. Body length (12.9–15.4) and width (9.1–10.4). Head length (2.6–2.8) and width (3.6–4.1).</p><p>Distribution: We have only data from one locality in northern Brazil (Roraima state) and north central Venezuela (Gu´arico state).</p><p>Etymology and comments. The epithet “fulvescens” refers to the dark yellow color with a blend of brown. It can be distinguished by the unique form of the valvifers VIII and the posterior margin of the pygophore. The antenna’ s color pattern shows an annulated pattern, with only antennomere I and II entirely yellow-brown, which is also found in K. igneus, but with orange rather than yellow-brown coloration.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895FFFE3FF32C4E792A2A223	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895FFFE2FCE7C45896E7A080.text	0399675F895FFFE2FCE7C45896E7A080.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster igneus Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster igneus Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 I; Fig. 6 A – C; Fig. 7 F; Fig. 8 F; Fig. 9 F; Fig. 11 A; Fig. 12 F, O; Fig. 14 A and B)</p><p>Tetyra sp. Eger et al., 2015b: 1034 (attraction to fish carrion).</p><p>Type Material (38): Holotype. (1M) BRAZIL, Rondˆonia: Ariquemes (62 km SW, Fazenda Rancho Grande), 5–17.X.1993, Eger J.E., O’ Brien L. B. &amp; C.W. (MCNZ) .</p><p>Paratypes. BRAZIL, Acre: Rio Branco, (2M), 25.X–8.XI.1991, Ramos F., Henriques A., Gorayaeb I. &amp; Bitterncourt N. (MCNZ); Rondˆonia: Ariquemes (62 km SW, Fazenda Rancho Grande), (1F), 5–17.X.1993, Eger J.E., O’ Brien L.B. &amp; C.W. (JEEC) ; ibid., (1M), V.1994, Schmitz U. (JEEC); ibid., fish carrion bait butterfly trap, (2M), 5–17.X.1993, Eger J. E., O’ Brien L.B. &amp; C.W. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 8–20.XI.1994, Eger J.E., O’ Brien L.B. &amp; C.W. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), X.1993, Schmitz U. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 3–15.XII.1996, Eger J.E. (JEEC); ibid., (1F), 4–16.XI.1997, Eger J. E. (JEEC); Ouro Preto do Oeste, (1F), 18.X.1987, Elias C. (DZUP 217303); ibid., (1F), 20.IV.2006, Rafael J.A. &amp; Xavier F.F. (INPA); ECUADOR, Napo: Puerto Misahuallí, 1650–1900 ft, mercury vapor and ultraviolet lights, (1F, 1M), 6–19.IX.1998, Eger J.E. (JEEC); ibid., fish carrion baited butterfly trap (1M) (JEEC); Sucumbíos: Limoncocha, (1M), 23–31.III.1974, Engleman D. (JEEC) ; PERU, Loreto: Iquitos, Exploronapo, (1M), 30.IX.2015, Cabral U. (MHNJP) ; Amazonas: Rio Santiago, (1F, 3M), 5.X.1924, no collector (Bassler H. collection) (AMNH, F6198.2, Acc 33591); (1M), 1.X.1924, no collector (Bassler H. collection) (AMNH, F6139.2, Acc 33591); Madre de Dios: Amazonas Lodge, 480 msnm ( N-Atalaya), (2F), 10–13.XI.2007, Brzoska D. (UNAM) ; Centro de Investigacion´y Capacitaci´on, Rio Los Amigos, 224–326m, (6M), 1–21.IX.2015, Zenteno N. (MHNJP) ; ibid., (1M), 18. IX.2015, Zenteno N. (USNM); ibid., (1M), 8–21.IX.2015, Zenteno N. (USNM); ibid., (1M), 11–24.IX.2015, Zenteno N. (USNM); ibid., (1M), 15. XI.2015, no collector (MHNJP); Cuzco: Estacion´Biologica´Villa Carmen, 500–800 m, (2M), 15–31.III.2014, Collanque N. &amp; Ampuero S.Y. (JEEC) ; Rio Urubamba, (1F), 4.III.1929, no collector (Bassler H. collection) (AMNH, F6173.2, Acc 33591);.</p><p>Color pattern. Orange with a great amount of dark punctations sometimes forming well-defined intermittent rows or small areas with fewer dark spots laterally on the scutellum (Fig. 6 A – C). Head. Mandibular plates with 1 + 1 anterior spots (close to the clypeus), clypeus with 1 + 1 median spots and 1 + 1 longitudinal dark stripes between the eyes. mandibular plates with posterior portion with 1 + 1 dark blotches (Fig. 7 F). Antennomeres I and II orange, remaining segments bicolored. Rostrum with segment III orange with a median dark blotch, segment IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with many enlarged dark spots evenly distributed, covering about half the area. Femora and tibia entirely orange. First and last tarsomeres dark, remaining yellow. Abdomen. Connexiva orange, with anterior and posterior small dark macule. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows usually absent, sometimes with few dark spots on each sternite. Median rows with a small cluster of spots in each sternite. Inner row with a few aggregations of dark spots on each sternite. Stridulatory areas usually without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles dark (Fig. 6 C).</p><p>Head. Wider than long. Clypeus clearly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7 F). Maxillary plates surpassing mandibular plates. Rostrum reaching the middle of sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins slightly sinuous, humeral angles obtuse and produced about half the width of the eye (Fig. 6 A – C). Peritreme spout-like developed, about twice as long as wide (Fig. 8 F). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII slightly sinuous (Fig. 9 F).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII elongate subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins convex posteriorly, posterior margin sinuous. Laterotergites IX subtriangular, anterior margin convex (partially hidden by valvifers VIII), lateral angles produced (Fig. 9 F).</p><p>Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with almost the entire inner margin with a thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median subtriangular shaped sclerite and 2 + 2 lateral sclerites, the intermediate pair subtriangular and larger than the median, lateral pair small, round and produced (Fig. 11 A).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin concave medially (Fig. 12 F). Ventral rim sub-rectilinear in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12 O). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto tapered towards apex, sinuous in lateral view, phalotreme abruptly curved dorsally. Apex of conjunctival processes II with a curved sclerotized process with a broad base. Distal half of conjunctival processes III sclerotized into an acute, strongly curved process (Fig. 14 A and B).</p><p>Measures. Body length (14.8–16.6) and width (10.2–11.3). Head length (2.9–3.3) and width (3.7–3.9).</p><p>Distribution: Occurs through the western Amazonian biome, sharing its distribution between Brazil, Ecuador and Peru.</p><p>Biological notes: Intercepted in a suspended trap, attracted to mercury vapor lights, ultraviolet lights, fish carrion baited butterfly trap and multi lure fruit fly trap baited with ammonium nitrate and putricine.</p><p>Etymology and comments. The epithet “igneus” refers to tons of orange, red or yellow as “on fire”. The species is usually orange, possessing larger dark spots dorsally, giving it a scorched appearance. The shape of the posterior margin of genital capsule is unique among its congeners. Also, the antennomeres I and II are entirely orange with the remaining antennomeres mainly dark.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895FFFE2FCE7C45896E7A080	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895EFFE1FCE7C1D696D7A494.text	0399675F895EFFE1FCE7C1D696D7A494.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster multimaculatus Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster multimaculatus Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 J; Fig. 6 D – F; Fig. 7 G; Fig. 8 G; Fig. 9 G; Fig. 11 B; Fig. 12 G, P; Fig. 14 C and D)</p><p>Tetyra pinguis Martorell, 1939:186 (matching distribution).</p><p>Type Material (113): Holotype. PANAMA, Chiriqui: Hartmann’ s Finca, (1M), 4–7.VII.1997, Morris &amp; Wappes (USNM) ;</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO, Veracruz: Dos Amates, (1F), VIII.1977, Hubbell P. (DBTC) ; Los Tuxtlas, (2F), 27.IX.1977, Perez H. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 14.IX.1985, Cervantes L. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 23.IX.1977, Perez H. (UNAM); San Andres Tuxtla, 710 msnm, (5F, 3M), 23–24.VIII.2009, Nogueira G. (UNAM); ibid., (1M), 22.VII.1972, Brailovsky H. (UNAM); San Martin, (1M), 6.IX.1989, Taylor T. (JEEC); Quintana Roo: Coba, (10M, 12F), VI–XI.2015, Santos C. (JEEC); Chiapas: Ocosingo Chajul, Reserva Montes Azules, 10 al, (1M), 16.VII.1987, Arias F., Barba R., Cervantes L. (UNAM) ; GUATEMALA, Izabal: Sierra del Merendon, Finca Firmeza, at light, 950 m (15F, 7M), 28.VII–3.IX.2007, Monzon J., Camposeco F. &amp; Woodruff R.E. (FSCA); ibid., (3M, 2F), 13–14.VII.2005, Woodruff R.E., J. Monzon (FSCA); ibid., (1F, 3M), 17.X.2006, Turbow R. (UGCA); ibid., (1M), 16.X.2007, Turbow R. (UGCA); Green Bay Resort, Ramoncita, Sierra del Mico, 3–5m, (1M, 1F), 23–26.IX.2008, Heppner J (FSCA) ; HONDURAS, Lempira: Gracias, (ex. Coll. Schouteden). (1M, 1M), no data and collector (RISNB) ; COSTA RICA, Guanacaste: 3 km SE Naranjo, (1F), 1–15.VIII.1993, Parker F.D. (UGCA) ; Puntarenas: Las Cruces Field Sta. (OTS), near San Vita, 1000m, (1M), 24–27.V.1988, Ratcliff B. &amp; Jameson M. (DBTC) ; Cartago: Turrialba, (1M), Summer 1974, Condie S. (JEEC); ibid., (1F), 13–14.VIII.1968, Habeck D.H. (JEEC); PANAMA, Boca del Toro: 2–4 mi. M of Divide on Highway to Chiriquei Grande, mv &amp; bl, (1F, 16M), 1.VI.1986, Ratcliffe B.C. &amp; party (DBTC, JEEC) ; Chiriqui: Hartmann’ s Finca, (5F, 3M), 4–7.VII.1997, Morris &amp; Wappes (USNM: 3F, 1M; AMNH: 2F, 1M); ibid., (1F, 2M), 4. VII.1997, Turnbow R. (UGCA); Renacimiento Sta. Clara, (1M), 17. VII.1977, Hartmann R. (JEEC) ; ibid., (1F), 25.VII.1977, Hartmann R. (JEEC); Boquete, 1250 m, (1F), 5.XI.1975, Wolda H. (JEEC); Fortuna, (1M), 13–15.VI.1985, Riley E.G. &amp; Rider D. (DARC); 5 km N Hornito, (1M), 15.V.1996, Turnbow R. (UGCA); Finca Suiza Lodge, Las Minas, Gualaca Dist., 1320 m, (1M), 9–13.VIII.2008, Heppner J.B. (FSCA) ; VENEZUELA, Aragua: Rancho Grande, (1M, 2F), 10.XII.1980, Ayala L.J. M. (UNAM); ECUADOR, Pichincha: Sto. Domingo, (1M), 25.XI.1971, Venedretott N. (CMNH) ; ibid., (1M), 30.VI.1973, Venedretott N. (CMNH); Napo: Coca, (1M), IV.1983, Onore (JEEC); Los Rios: Rio Palenque, (1F), 15.VI.1974, Longino J. (JEEC); PERU, Junin: Pampa Hermosa Lodge, 1220m, (1F), 1–6.IV.2011, Heppner J. &amp; Carrera C. (JEEC) .</p><p>Color pattern. Dorsally orange to reddish, and ventrally light yellow (Fig. 6 D – F). Head. Clypeus with posterior and median spots, mandibular plates with posterior portion (right before the eyes) with 1 + 1 dark spots (Fig. 7 G). Antennomere I bicolored (first half yellow and distal dark), remaining mostly dark. Rostral segment II light yellow with a median dark blotch, segments III–IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with many small dark spots evenly distributed. Femur with proximal and distal dark blotch about the same size, tibia with medial dark blotch; tarsomeres I and distal half of III dark, remaining yellow. Abdomen. Connexiva yellow, with anterior and posterior dark macules. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows with one solid spot on each sternite; median rows with more than one solid blotches; inner row with a solid blotch on each sternite, culminating into a larger solid blotch on sternite VII. Stridulatory area usually without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles dark (Fig. 6 F).</p><p>Head. Slightly wider than long. Clypeus clearly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7 G). Maxillar plates surpassing mandibular plates. Rostrum reaching abdominal sternite III. Thorax. Pronotum, anterolateral margin sub-rectilinear, humeral angles round and produced about half the width of the eye (Fig. 6 D – F). Peritreme spout-like developed, about three times longer than wide (Fig. 8 G). Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII slightly sinuous medially (Fig. 9 G).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII elongate subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins convex posteriorly, posterior margin sinuous. Laterotergite IX subtriangular, anterior margin convex, angles not produced (Fig. 9 G). Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with the posterior half of the inner margin with a thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median larger subtriangular sclerite and 2 + 2 sclerites, the intermediate pair sub-rectangular, curved and larger than the median sclerite, lateral pair enlarged, round and produced (Fig. 11 B).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin markedly excavated medially (Fig. 12 G). Ventral rim convex in posterior view. Parameres. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12 P). Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto tapered towards apex in ventral view, sinuous in lateral view, phallotreme positioned apically and strongly curved dorsally. Conjunctival processes II with a curved process and a broad base, sometimes with a tooth-like process on the outer margin. Conjunctival processes III distally sclerotized into an acute, sinuous process (Fig. 14 C and D).</p><p>Measures. Body length (14.9–18.3) and width (10.2–12.4). Head length (2.6–3.2) and width (3.8–4.3).</p><p>Distribution: Occurs mainly in Central America, from M´exico to the western South America as far south as Peru.</p><p>Biological notes: Collected with blacklight and mercury vapor light traps.</p><p>Etymology and comments. The epithet “multimaculatus” refers to many irregular enlarged blotches, of which the species has the most developed ventral blotches in the genus. In addition to the number of ventral blotches, the posterior margin of the genital capsule is strongly excavated and unique within its congeners.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895EFFE1FCE7C1D696D7A494	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895DFFE0FF32C28992BFA66E.text	0399675F895DFFE0FF32C28992BFA66E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster rosafloresae Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster rosafloresae Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 K; Fig. 6 G – I; Fig. 7 H; Fig. 8 H; Fig. 9 H; Fig. 11 C and D; Fig. 12 H – I, Q; Fig. 14 E – H)</p><p>Tetyra pinguis; Martorell, 1939:186 (matching distribution); Ferreira et al., 2001:17; Brûle´et al., 2011:202 (the only species recorded from French Guiana).</p><p>Type Material (233): Holotype. BRAZIL, Mato Grosso: Pouso Grande, (1M), X.1949, Bockeum W. (MCNZ 2243);</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO, Sinaloa: 9 km NE Loberas, (1M), 30.IX.1990, Turnbow R. (UGCA) ; Jalisco: Sierra del Nayar Chapalina, 1376 msnm, (1M), 7.VII.1994, Nogueira G. (UNAM); Guerrero: 32 miles southeast Petatlan, (1F), 10.VII.1985, Schaffner J. (TAMU); Chilapa km 39, Tlapa-San Luis Acatl´an, 2344 msnm, (1M), 12.XII.2006, Cervantes L. &amp; Mayorga C. (UNAM) ; San Marcos Llano Grande, 271 msnm, (1F), 20. IX.2005, Cervantes L. &amp; Carranza R. (UNAM); Tlapa km 39–58, Tlapa-San Luis Acatl´an, (2M), 22.IV.2006, Brailovsky H. &amp; Cervantes L. (UNAM) ; Oaxaca: 15.4 mi s Juchetengo, in bromeliads, 5600′, (1F), 22. III.1966, Ball G.E. &amp; Whitehead D.R. (JEEC); Bahias Huatulco, (1M), 2–3.VII.1989, Thomas D. &amp; Burne J. (DBTC); Oaxaca-Puerto, (1M), 30. I.1988, Barrera E., Cadona H. &amp; Ramirez E. (UNAM); NICARAGUA, Matagalpa: 10 km NW Matagalpa, Selva Negra, beating forest edge vegetation, 1280 m, (1M), 10–18.IV.2005, Opitz W. (FSCA) ; Granada, Mombacho Volcano, 1200 m, (1M, 1F), 15.XII.1991, Berghe E. (CMNH); Mombacho arbustos, (1M), 2.II.2000, Luna J.M. (UNAM); COSTA RICA, Puntarenas: Golfito, (1M), 30.VIII.1977, Cogley T.P. (JEEC) ; San Vito de Java, light, (1M), 23.VI.1964, Woodruff R.E. (FSCA); PANAMA, Col´on: Sta. Rita Arriba, at lights, (1M), 24.V.1977, Thurman E. (JEEC); France Field, on Epidendron stamfordianum, (1F), 5.VII.1987, Engleman D. (JEEC) ; Canal Zone: Cativa´ ( Coco Solo Hospital), (1M), 24.IV.1972, Engleman (JEEC) ; Barro Colorado Island, lights Weir/8M III, (1M), 13. VIII.1977, Wolda H. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 25.XI.1978, Wolda H. (JEEC); 3 mi. W Cocolí, (1M), 1.VIII.1982, Stockwell H.P. (JEEC); 10 km N El Llano, 1400′, (1M), 28.V–3.VI.1984, Giesbert E. (JEEC); Panama: km 10–13, (2M), 3–7.VI.1984, Giesbert E., Penrose, R.L., Hovore F.T., &amp; Sullivan P.H. (JEEC) ; Barro Colorado, (1F), 3–9.IX.1975, Wolda H. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 10.VII.1976, Wolda H. &amp; Engleman D. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 20.VII.1977, Wolda H. &amp; Engleman D. (JEEC); ibid, (1M), 13. VII.1977, Wolda, H. &amp; Engleman, D. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 1.VIII.1972, Wolda H. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 3.VII.1974, Wolda H. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 18.VI.1978, Wolda H. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 28.VII.1977, Wolda H. (JEEC); Canal Zone, (1F), 1959, 1960, S. Breeland (FSCA); El Llano-Carti rd km 8–13, (1M), 10–13.V.1996, Wappes &amp; Huether &amp; Morris (JEEC) ; Los Cumbres, light trap, (1M), 29.IX.1976, Wolda H. (JEEC); Chiriquí: Callej´on Seco (5 km W Boquete), 1650–1750 m, (1M), 9.IX.1998, Gillogly &amp; Stockwell (JEEC) ; Ng¨obe Bugle´border, nr. Fortuna Cabins, lights, (1F), 1–5.V.2019, Warner W.B. (JEEC) ; COLOMBIA, Amazonas: Leticia, (1M), 2–7.IV.1975, Engleman D. (JEEC) ; VENEZUELA, Lara: (1F), X.1981, Osorio J.M. (JEEC) FRENCH GUIANA, Sinnamary: Petit Saut, 14.XI.1989, no collector (JEEC) ; Kourou: UHE - Petit Saut, (2F, 2M), 20.IV.1990, Cerdan P. (JEEC); Cayenne: (2M), no date, Pillault F. (RISNB); Regina: Amazone Nature Lodge, 30 km SE Roura on Kaw rd., (1F), 21–29.I.2013, Heppner J.B. (JEEC) ; Amazon Nature Lodge, 21 km SE Roura on Kaw Rd., (M), 6–7.II.2010, Eger J.E. (JEEC) ; BRAZIL, Roraima: Caracarai, (1F), VI.1977, Mascaranhas B. (CIBM); Amazonas: Coari, Rio Urucu, (1F), 2.XI.2008, Fernandes J.A.M. (UFRG) ; (1F), 28. X.2008, Fernandes J.A.M. (UFRG); (1F), 5.III.2010, Fernandes J.A.M.; (1F), 6.III.2010, Fernandes J.A.M.; (1M), 26.X.2008, Fernandes J.A.M. (UFRG); (1M), 30.X.2008, Fernandes J.A.M. (UFRG 245); (1M), 6. III.2010, Fernandes J.A.M.; Manaus (estrada do Aleixo km 11) (1F), 14. II.1976, Gorayeb I.S. (INPA) ; (1F), 25.III.1982, Ribeiro E.F. (INPA); Fazenda Aruana, km 232, (1F), 29.IV.1977, Rufino E. (INPA) ; Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, (2M), 7–9.V.2010, Ferreira F.A.S. &amp; Gusm˜ao G.A. (INPA) ; ibid., (1M), 10.IV.2002, Santos M.A.P. (INPA); Para´: Igarap´e, Porto de Moz, Jacari, (1M), 24.II.2014, Garcia F.I.A. (PUCBH H 565) ; Santarem, (1M), V.1919, Klages S.M. (CMNH 6324); Tocantins: Nova Olinda, Rio Purus, (1F), V.1922, Klages S.M. (CMNH 6962) ; Paraíba: Jo˜ao Pessoa, (1F, 1M), VIII.1955, Pereira P. (MCNZ 2236, 224); Acre: (1F), 2.III.1973, Rondon P. (MCNZ 8660); Mato Grosso: 300 m, at light, (1M), 17–22.III.1977, Engleman D. (JEEC); 20 mi S Araguaia, (1M), 27.VII.1980, Thomas D.B. (DBTC); Barrac˜ao Queimado, (1M), XI.1960, Alvarenga M. (DZUP 217298); Chapada dos Guimaraes ˜ ( Fazenda Burill), (1F), 17.XI.1982, Overal W. ; Chapada, (1M), XI, (CMNH #2966) ; Parque Nacional do Xingu, Jacar´e, (3F, 3M), XI.1961, Alvarenga M. (DZUP 217292, DZUP 217297, DZUP 217300, DZUP 217287, DZUP 217291, DZUP 217293) ; Chapada [dos Guimar˜aes], (1F), IX, (CMNH #2966) ; Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro ( Corcovado), (1F), 18.IX.1961, Seabra &amp; Alvarenga (DZUP 217290) ; ibid., (1M), XI.1961, Seabra &amp; Alvarenga (DZUP 217288); Santa Catarina: Corup´a, (1M), II.1951, Herrera J. (USNM); Nova Teutonia ˆ, (1M), 14.I.1945, Plaumann F. (USNM); ECUADOR, Santo Domingo de los Ts´achilas: Santo Domingo, Achinga, 15 km E., at lights, (1M), 3.X.1974, Baier J. (JEEC) ; Guayas: Bucay, elev. 900 m, (1M), 19.III.1922, Tate Q.H.W. (USNM); PERU, Huanuco´: Cucharas ( Vall. of Riv. Huallaga), 500 m.a.s.l., (1m, 3F), 7.II.1954, Woytkowski F. (USNM) ; Junin: 4000 ft, (1M), 3–12. XII.2008, West A.M. &amp; F.M. (FSCA); Chanchamayo, La Merced, (2M), no date, E C Smyth (JEEC) ; Madre de Dios: Rio Tambopata Res., 30 air km SW Pto. Maldonado, subtropical forest, Peru Tambopata Survey, 290m, (1F), 2–5.XI.1979, Heppner J.B. (FSCA) ; Cuzco: Quincemil, (1F), IV–V.1963, Pena ˜L.E. (USNM); ibid., (1M), VIII.1962, Pe˜na L.E. (USNM); BOLIVIA, Beni: Reyes, (2F), 27.XI.1956, Pena L.E. (FSCA) ; La Paz: Nord Yungas, 1.000–1800 m (2M), II.2009, Marx R. (JEEC); Santa Cruz: Proterillos del Guenda, 40 km N Santa Cruz de la Sierra, elev. 1300′, (1M), 1–5.X.2007, Morris &amp; Wappes (UGAC) ; 5 km SSE Buena Vista, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.652134&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.49875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.652134/lat -17.49875)">Hotel Flora &amp; Fauna</a>, 440m, W63 ◦ 39.128′, S17 ◦ 29.925′, (1M) 10–22. X.2004, Eger J E (JEEC) ; Buena Vista, 440 m, (3M, 5F), 5–12.II.2000, Warner W.B. (AMNH); Hotel Flora e Fauna, (3M), 14–20.XI.2008, Galileo, Vanin &amp; Martins (MCNZ 180923, MCNZ 180924, JEEC) ; ibid., (1F), XI.2002, Dozier B.K. (JEEC); ibid., (2M, 1F), 14–26.XI.2003, Morris, Nearns, &amp; Wappes (JEEC); ibid., (1M, 3F), 2–13.II.2000, Dozier B.K. (FSCA); ibid. (1M), 10–22.X.2004, Eger J.E. (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 13–16. XI.2003, Wappes J., Morris, &amp; Nearns (JEEC); ibid., (1M), 22–31.X.2002, Wappes &amp; Morris (JEEC); ibid., (2F), 18–22.X.2004, Eger J.E., Morris R. F. &amp; Wappes J.E. (JEEC); ibid., tropical transition forest, (3M), 2–13. XI.2000, Thomas M.C. (FSCA); ibid., (5M), 5–15.XI.2001, Thomas M.C. &amp; Dozier B.K. (FSCA); ibid., 4–6 km SSE, transition tropical forest, 420–450 m, (1F), 2–12.II.2000, Wappes J.E. (UGCA); Petrerillo del Guenda, (2F), 6–8.XII.2011, Morris &amp; Wapper (JEEC); 40 km NW Santa Cruz de la Sierra, (1M, 1F), 17–20.II.2003, Nearns E. (JEEC); Montero, Muruyna, B.L. trap, (1M), 22.IX.1959, Cumming R. (JEEC); Del Sara, (1M), XII.1914, Steinbach J. (CMNH 5068); ibid., (6M, 5F), XI.1913, Steinbach J. (CMNH); Portachuela, uv trap, (1F), 26.III.1978, Marshall G.B. (JEEC); General Saavedra, CIMCA, B.L. trap, (1F), 14–16.III.1986, Bennett F.D. &amp; Pruett C.J. (JEEC) ; ibid., B.L. trap, (1M), 27.III.1978, Herd C.R. (JEEC); Santa Cruz de la Sierra, 450 m, (1M, 1F), XI.1909, Steinbach J. (CMNH 4550) ; ibid., (17M, 5F), XI.1910, Steinbach J. (CMNH 4550); Cochabamba: Cristal-Mayu, (2M), XI.1948, Pena L.E. (FSCA); Chapare, (1F), 11.II.1946, Zisehka B. (USNM); ibid., 1000 m, (2F), 1956, Steinbach F. (FSCA); Villa Tunari, (22F, 27M), 10–28. XI.1992, Arriagada G. (JEEC);.</p><p>Color pattern. Yellow to orange, sometimes with lighter intermittent rows, with numerous small dark macules (Fig. 1 K; Fig. 6 G – I). Head. Clypeus with a posterior and median spot (Fig. 7 H) or without any larger blotches or spots, only smaller darker punctations. Antennomere I bicolored (first half yellow and distal dark), remaining segments mostly dark. Rostral segments III and IV mainly dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with many small dark spots evenly distributed. Femur with proximal dark blotch small and distal blotch larger; tibia with medial and distal dark blotch; first and last tarsomeres dark, remaining tarsomere yellow. Abdomen. Connexiva yellow, with an anterior and a posterior small dark macule on each segment. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows with a few dark spots on each sternite, sometimes absent. Median rows with a small cluster of spots in each sternite, inner row with a cluster of spots in each sternite, culminating into a larger irregular blotch. Stridulatory area usually without blotches. Area adjacent to spiracles dark (Fig. 6 I).</p><p>Head. Slightly wider than long. Clypeus clearly surpassing mandibular plates (Fig. 7 H). Maxillar plates slightly surpassing mandibular plates. Rostrum reaching or almost reaching sternite IV. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins slightly sinuous, humeral angles obtuse and produced more than half the width of the eye (Fig. 6 G – I). Peritreme spout-like, developed, twice as long as wide (Fig. 8 H).</p><p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII uniformly concave (Fig. 9 H).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII elongate subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins truncated posteriorly, posterior margin slightly sinuous. Laterotergite IX subtriangular, anterior margin convex, lateral angles produced and constricted by valvifer VIII (Fig. 9 H).</p><p>Gynatrium. Ring sclerites with the posterior half of the inner margin with a thick "leaf-like" sclerotized process. posteromedian gynatrial pouch with a median globose (Fig. 11 C) or subtriangular sclerite (Fig. 11 D) and 2 + 2 sclerites, the intermediate pair subtriangular and larger than the median sclerite, lateral pair of sclerites small, round and produced (Fig. 11 C and D).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sinuous to rectilinear (Fig. 12 H and I) and ventral surface with a posterior transverse ridge (Fig. 12 H), sometimes absent. Ventral rim concave in posterior view. Paramere. Crown not surpassing the width of the stem, apex obtuse (Fig. 12 Q).</p><p>Phallus. Aedeagus sensu stricto tapered towards apex, convex dorsally in lateral view, phallotreme positioned apically and sub-rectilinear. Conjunctival process II with a curved (Fig. 14 E and F) or sub-rectilinear (Fig. 14 G –109) sclerotized acute process. Conjunctival process III distally sclerotized into an acute, strongly curved (semi-circle) process (Fig. 14 E – H).</p><p>Measures. Body length (12.3–17.3) and width (8.9–12.0). Head length (2.5–3.3) and width (3.3–4.2).</p><p>Distribution: The most widely distributed species of the genus, occurring from M´exico to Bolivia and Santa Catarina state in Brazil.</p><p>Biological notes: Collected at night (black light and ultraviolet light), manually and intercept traps. Found on Epidendrum stamfordianum Bateman ( Orchidaceae).</p><p>Etymology and comments. The name was given in homage to the last name of the first author’ s mother. It is separated by most of its congeners by the produced humeral angle, by the dorsal color pattern when compared to Kernegaster pinguins and K. igneus, and by the ventral color pattern when compared to K. multimaculatus and K. farctus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895DFFE0FF32C28992BFA66E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
0399675F895CFFE0FCE7C0279303A193.text	0399675F895CFFE0FCE7C0279303A193.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kernegaster chapadanus Eger & Schmitz 2025	<div><p>Kernegaster chapadanus Eger &amp; Schmitz sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 1 L; Fig. 8 I; Fig. 9 I; Fig. 15)</p><p>Type Material (03): Holotype. (1F) BRAZIL, Amazonas: Manaus, 14.VII.2016, Amício (INPA) .</p><p>Paratypes. BRAZIL, [Mato Grosso]: Chapada [dos Guimar˜aes], (1F, 1M), no date or collector (CMNH) .</p><p>Color pattern. Yellow to orange, with numerous dark, evenly spaced macules (Fig. 15 A). Head. Clypeus with anterior and median spots and 1 + 1 longitudinal dark stripes between the eyes. Mandibular plates with anterior and distal portions with 1 + 1 dark blotches. Antennomeres I bicolored (first three-quarters yellow), remaining mostly dark. Rostrum segments I–II mainly light yellow, segment III with a median dark blotch, and segment IV mostly dark. Thorax. Pronotum and scutellum with many small dark spots evenly distributed. Femur with proximal dark blotch absent, distal blotch present; tibia with medial and distal dark blotch; first and last tarsomere dark, remaining tarsomere yellow.</p><p>Abdomen. Connexiva yellow to orange, with a small anterior macule and a posterior large dark macule. Ventral pattern. Lateral rows with a few dark spots on each sternite or completely absent. Median rows with two small dense spots in each sternite; inner row with sparse spots in each sternite, not culminating into a larger blotch. Stridulatory area without blotches. Area adjacent to the spiracles dark (Fig. 15 B).</p><p>Head. Slightly wider than long. Clypeus clearly surpassing mandibular plates. Maxillar plates not surpassing mandibular plates in length. Rostrum reaching or almost reaching the IV sternite. Thorax. Pronotum with anterolateral margins sub-rectilinear, humeral angles rounded and not produced (less than a quarter of the width of the eye). Peritreme spout-like, developed, about four times longer than wide (Fig. 8 I).</p><p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of sternite VII uniformly concave (Fig. 9 I).</p><p>Genital plates. Valvifers VIII broadly subtriangular, anterior margin convex, sutural margins truncated posteriorly, posterior margin sub-rectilinear. Laterotergite IX sub-rectangular, anterior margin sub-rectangular, angles not produced (Fig. 9 I).</p><p>Genital capsule. Posterior margin sub-rectilinear (Fig. 15 C). Ventral rim convex in posterior view (Fig. 15 D).</p><p>Measures. Body length (9.5–9.8) and width (6.5–6.6). Head length (2.0–2.15) and width (3–3.1).</p><p>Distribution: Only known from Brazil: Amazonas state and supposedly Mato Grosso state.</p><p>Etymology and comments. The epithet refers to the first locality where the species was found. The single male was callow and somewhat delicate so we did not dissect the male genitalia. The holotype from Manaus was chosen because it is better preserved. There are many localities named Chapada in Brazil, in brackets the locality we assume to be based on other species distributions with the same label info and that the name Chapada is more commonly used to address Chapada dos Guimar˜aes (MG). It is small, such as K. diminutus, but has a distinct color pattern and genital plates.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399675F895CFFE0FCE7C0279303A193	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo;Barcellos, Aline;Eger, Joseph;Bianchi, Filipe Michels	Schmitz, Luís Ricardo, Barcellos, Aline, Eger, Joseph, Bianchi, Filipe Michels (2025): Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 97-123, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005
