identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD5179CFEDAFA49.text	03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD5179CFEDAFA49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Santjordia Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini 2023	<div><p>Genus Santjordia gen. nov.</p><p>New Japanese name: Sekijuujikurage-zoku</p><p>Santjordiinae with bell margin divided into 8 broad velar lobes; subumbrellar tentacles in pits over ring canal (Figs. 3a–e, 4); four perradial canals wide, emanating from centre of distal tips of red, cross-shaped stomach base; four interradial canals wide, unbranched (simple), emanating from angles between stomach pouches; eight adradial canals wide, emanating from corners of distal tips of stomach pouch base, not in direct communication with perradial nor interradial canals; 32 rhopalia, the 24 adradial rhopalia protruding through circular perforations in the velar lobes (Fig. 3f) and supplied by rhopaliar canals emanating from the ring canal; 4 oral arms, with bases fused and following outline of cross-shaped stomach.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The genus name Santjordia refers to the red cross of Saint George (Catalan: Sant Jordi)—the shape and colour of which correspond well to the distinctive stomach base in this genus and species. Saint George is also the patron saint of Catalonia, where the first author began the present work while on sabbatical in the laboratory of a Catalan taxonomist.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD5179CFEDAFA49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lindsay, Dhugal John;Grossmann, Mary Matilda;Montenegro, Javier;Morandini, André Carrara	Lindsay, Dhugal John, Grossmann, Mary Matilda, Montenegro, Javier, Morandini, André Carrara (2023): A new subfamily of ulmarid scyphomedusae, the Santjordiinae, with a description of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Discomedusae: Semaeostomeae: Ulmaridae) from the Sumisu Caldera, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 533-551, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.5, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.5/52305
03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51098FCC5F93A.text	03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51098FCC5F93A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Santjordiinae Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini 2023	<div><p>Subfamily Santjordiinae subfam. nov.</p><p>New Japanese name: Sekijuujikurage-aka</p><p>Ulmaridae in which the tentacles arise in linear clusters from the subumbrella; without subgenital pits; marginal and subumbrellar rhopalia; with narrow, tapering oral arms.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51098FCC5F93A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lindsay, Dhugal John;Grossmann, Mary Matilda;Montenegro, Javier;Morandini, André Carrara	Lindsay, Dhugal John, Grossmann, Mary Matilda, Montenegro, Javier, Morandini, André Carrara (2023): A new subfamily of ulmarid scyphomedusae, the Santjordiinae, with a description of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Discomedusae: Semaeostomeae: Ulmaridae) from the Sumisu Caldera, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 533-551, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.5, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.5/52305
03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51184FA9EFE3D.text	03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51184FA9EFE3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ulmaridae Haeckel, 1880 emend. Larson 1986	<div><p>Family Ulmaridae Haeckel, 1880 emend. Larson, 1986</p><p>Semaeostomeae with central gastric cavity emitting peripherally radiating canals (either simple or branched) joining the marginal ring canal; oral arms either broad and curtain-like or narrow and tapering; lips usually with nematocystlined papillae or digitata; gonads either inverted or everted; tentacles either marginal, subumbrellar or absent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6ED2FAB6C211F1DD51184FA9EFE3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lindsay, Dhugal John;Grossmann, Mary Matilda;Montenegro, Javier;Morandini, André Carrara	Lindsay, Dhugal John, Grossmann, Mary Matilda, Montenegro, Javier, Morandini, André Carrara (2023): A new subfamily of ulmarid scyphomedusae, the Santjordiinae, with a description of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Discomedusae: Semaeostomeae: Ulmaridae) from the Sumisu Caldera, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 533-551, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.5, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.5/52305
03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3.text	03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Santjordia pagesi Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini 2023	<div><p>Santjordia pagesi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 1–5)</p><p>New Japanese name: Sekijuujikurage</p><p>Synonymy</p><p>“ Ulmaridae gen. et sp. ” Kitamura et al. 2008: 320, fig. 24.57.</p><p>“ Ulmaridae gen. et sp. nov. ” Hidaka et al. 2021: 52.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>NSMT-Co-1800 — One specimen captured by the ROV Hyper-Dolphin during Dive 84 on 10 March 2002 at a depth of 812 m (temperature 10.2˚C, salinity 34.30, dissolved oxygen 2.8 ml/L, Sigma T 26.37) within the hydrothermally active Sumisu Caldera (31˚28’N 140˚04’E) in the Izu-Ogasawara Islands south of the Japanese mainland . The reference video file (in situ) in the JAMSTEC High-quality Video Database is HPD0084-20020310-103457.9343- SHHD-Front- 1920x 1080_HDCAM-1o4--NoImpose-Santjordia_pagesi-Dhugal_Lindsay-SEKIJUUJIKURAGE-812.9 m-20020310T013457.9343Z.mov and a transcoded “lightweight” version is accessible on Zenodo (Lindsay 2022a). Images taken in the shipboard laboratory within the gate sampler (Lindsay 2022c) and microscope images of tentacle squashes (Lindsay 2022d) are available online on Zenodo.</p><p>Other Material</p><p>A second individual was observed at 843 m depth (temperature 10.1˚C, salinity 34.35, dissolved oxygen 2.8 ml/L, Sigma T 26.43). The reference video file is HPD0084-20020310-105552-SHHD-Front- 1920x 1080_HDCAM-1o4- TC10555217to10561003DF-NoImpose-Santjordia_pagesi-Dhugal_Lindsay-SEKIJUUJIKURAGE----Santjordia_ pagesi_842.8m.mov and a transcoded “lightweight” version is accessible on Zenodo (Lindsay 2022b).</p><p>Holotype Description</p><p>Umbrella hemispherical; 100 mm diameter, 72 mm height; scattered with nematocysts; mesoglea thick, transparent. Margin cleft into 8 broad lobes (lappets). Eight rhopalia (4 perradial, 4 interradial) located in clefts at margin; 24 additional adradial rhopalia located on the subumbrellar surface but protruding through tear-drop-shaped perforations in the velar lobes (3 per octant) (Figs 2, 3f). Tentacles subumbrellar; up to 60 per quadrant; located in pits in 2 rows along inner [proximal] and outer [distal] surfaces of ring canal; tentacle pits demarcated by rhopaliar canals and other less obvious subumbrellar gelatinous ridges; single tentacle at base of each adradial canal just proximal of where it joins ring canal, not in a pit; tentacle bases light pink when alive, cream in formalin. Tentacle nematocysts composed of small holotrichous a-isorhizas (average length 8.91±0.74 µm, average width 5.09±0.42 µm; range 7.3–11.0 µm×4.2–6.6 µm; n=95) and heterotrichous microbasic birhopaloids (average length 11.63±0.98 µm, average width 8.24±0.24 µm; range 10.0–12.6 µm×7.8–8.5 µm; n=10) (Fig. 5). Subumbrellar musculature not discernible. Subgenital ostia absent. Manubrium height equal to or slightly greater than bell radius; surrounded by thick transparent mesoglea with inner surface red-pigmented. Four V-shaped oral arms; bases fused and following outline of cross-shaped stomach; tips protruding below umbrella rim; with transparent papillae on tips and inner edges, thick transparent mesoglea extends to distalmost ends of oral arms, inner surfaces red-pigmented. Central stomach cross-shaped, red when alive, dark brown in formalin; gastric cirri in 4 pairs of perradial groups, whitish in live specimen; radial canals simple, not anastomosing, similar width throughout length, connected by a ring canal located ~1/3 bell radius away from margin; short rhopaliar canals emanating from ring canal to all sense organs; 4 perradial canals, one each emanating from centre of distal tips of stomach base; 4 interradial canals, one each emanating from centre of stomach base; 8 adradial canals, two each emanating from distal tips of stomach base, one at each corner, not in direct communication with perradial or interradial canals. Gonads not recognized.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name is in honour of Dr. Francesc Pagès, who hosted the first author during his sabbatical in Barcelona and introduced him to the intricacies of cnidarian taxonomy.</p><p>Molecular Phylogeny</p><p>The analysis of sequences of the mitochondrial 16S gene using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods gave congruent tree topologies (Fig. 6). Robust support was evident for the semaeostome clades Drymonematidae and Cyaneidae, and for another clade including the ulmarid subfamilies Poraliinae and a member of the Ulmarinae, but also including the recently erected family Phacellophoridae . In fact, higher support was evident for Diplulmaris (Ulmarinae) and Phacellophora ( Phacellophoridae) being more closely related to each other than for a close relationship between some of the ulmarid genera investigated. Somewhat surprisingly, there was reasonable support for Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. belonging to a sister group to a clade including the ulmarid subfamilies lacking marginal tentacles—Stygiomedusinae + Tiburoniinae + Deepstariinae . A BLAST search for the COXI sequence returned a maximum percentage identity of 82.62% with a query cover of 95% matched with Aurelia coerulea, with the next closest match being Rhopilema aff. esculentum at 82.21% and 97%, respectively. These low values are indicative of the COXI marker not being suitable for resolving higher phylogenies and further analysis was not attempted. Sequences determined in the present study have been registered on GenBank under accession numbers ON391151-ON391163 for 16S and ON496462 for the single COXI sequence, belonging to Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. All sequences used in the molecular analysis are listed in Tables 1 and 2. Images of sequenced specimens, where available, are available online on Zenodo (Lindsay 2022a –k).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The medusa was swimming upwards at a pulse rate of 0.4 Hz at a depth of 812 m and an altitude of 101 m above the bottom. Only two individuals were observed over 91 minutes of observation time during descent below the caldera rim at 400 m depth inside the Sumisu Caldera, and no individuals were observed during a second dive during descent to a maximum depth of 893 m above the outer wall slope of the caldera on the previous day (31°29.1′N, 140°09.3′E; total observation time below 400 m: 115 min). Compared to environmental parameters outside the caldera in the open ocean, temperature at 812 m depth was elevated within the caldera (10.2˚C vs 5.5 ˚C), as was the dissolved oxygen concentration (2.8 ml/L vs 1.7 ml/L). The oceanographic environment within the Sumisu Caldera is described and discussed in more detail by Hidaka et al. (2021). The caldera wall around this depth is comprised of monomictic lava breccia, coherent facies or talus blocks, while most of the caldera floor is covered with pumiceous sand and pebbles with some lobes of coarser debris (Tani et al. 2008). Other organisms observed in the same depth layer as Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. included the calycophoran siphonophore Clausophyes sp. (see Hidaka et al. 2021), pyrosomes ( Pyrosomatidae spp.) (see Hidaka et al. 2021), euphausiids, sergestid shrimps, the hyperiid amphipod Platyscelus ovoides, a presently undescribed species of lobate ctenophore with vestigial auricles (Undescribed Lobata “No auricles” of Hidaka et al. 2021), and cydippid larvae of at least one species of lobate ctenophore (“Cydippid larvae” of Hidaka et al. 2021).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lindsay, Dhugal John;Grossmann, Mary Matilda;Montenegro, Javier;Morandini, André Carrara	Lindsay, Dhugal John, Grossmann, Mary Matilda, Montenegro, Javier, Morandini, André Carrara (2023): A new subfamily of ulmarid scyphomedusae, the Santjordiinae, with a description of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Discomedusae: Semaeostomeae: Ulmaridae) from the Sumisu Caldera, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 533-551, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.5, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.5/52305
