taxonID	type	description	language	source
03A487BDC942585719B6DD1208E20FBD.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 2 – 4)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC942585719B6DD1208E20FBD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, MALAYSIA, Endau Rompin, 12 Jul. 2001, primary rain forest (MS name: M 66; reg. 21066, coll. P. Grootaert).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC942585719B6DD1208E20FBD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — A small species with third antennal segment twice as long as wide. Arista three times as long as third The seven species that are found in Singapore and South Peninsular Malaysia are all quite small with a body length varying between 1.7 and 2.1 mm. Body colour is greyish brown, never shining metallic green. They look externally very similar, not exhibiting peculiar secondary sexual characters. There are differences in length and shape of third antennal segment and basal spur on hind basitarsus. Rarely, there is a difference in colour of fore coxa or knob of halter. Sometimes lengths of the marginal bristles of the abdominal terga and sterna are different. However shape and structure of male genitalia are very diverse and specific. Unusual for Dolichopodidae is that the tips of surstyli, aedeagus, and hypandrium are generally hidden inside a concave depression formed by the fourth and fifth abdominal segments. Hence it is necessary to remove them with a watchmaker pin from this sternal cavity in order to perform a quick identification.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94258571B3EDCEF0F850B8C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — Species with arista in apico-dorsal notch of third antennal segment. Hind basal tarsomere with a basal posterodorsal spine articulating with tip of hind tibia. Abdominal segment 7 narrow, elongated, forming a stalk and with seventh sternite attached to internal carina of eighth sternite. A detailed genus diagnosis can be found in Runyon & Hurley (2003). – Tip of hypandrium yellowish. Hind metatarsus with two black dorsal spines ........................................ N. spinata, new species 3. Third antennal segment about 3.5 times as long as wide; vein R 2 + 3 slightly thickened in basal fifth; hind metatarsus with a dorsal ridge; hypandrium and aedeagus yellowish ................... .................................................. N. singaporensis, new species – Third antennal segment shorter: between 1.5 and 2.5 times as long as wide; not the above combination of characters ......... 4 4. Tip aedeagus anchor-like resembling a grappling iron: i. e., with 4 long appendages (Fig. 11) .............. N. harpago, new species – Tip aedeagus not anchor-like .................................................. 5 5. Aedeagus much swollen in middle containing a black mass (Fig. 11), but this structure is hidden inside 4 th and 5 th abdominal segment. Cercus dorsally with a broad leaf-like bristle ........... ............................................................ N. priapus, new species – Aedeagus not swollen in middle ............................................. 6 6. Aedeagus elongate, yellowish ............... N. yangi, new species – Aedeagus with a globular tip, dorsally contrastingly black ..... ........................................................ N. negrobovi, new species	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC940585219ACDE8F08A00A80.taxon	description	(Figs. 5 – 8)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC940585219ACDE8F08A00A80.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Nee Soon, 16 Mar. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 3 (MS name Si 494; reg 25017, Si 494, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 1 male, Nee Soon, 3 Dec. 2003, swamp forest, Mal 2, (reg. 23104, Si 38, coll. PG); 2 males, Nee Soon, 25 Mar. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 3 (reg 25030, Si 607, coll. PG).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC940585219ACDE8F08A00A80.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The name spinata refers to the small black spines on the hind basitarsus.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC940585219ACDE8F08A00A80.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — A small species with third antennal segment triangular, slightly longer than wide (1.1 ×). Hind basitarsus in male with 3 black spines. Male: Body length: 1.82 mm; wing length: 1.56 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face blackish brown, not shining, parallel-sided, as wide as third antennal segment; clypeus very feebly bulging out. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as ocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna brown (Fig. 5), basal segments slightly darker than third segment. Second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and a longer dorsal bristle. Third segment triangular, 1.1 times as long as wide. Arista 8 times as long as third segment: pubescence short in basal third, longer apically. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae partly somewhat lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, short, but still half as long as dc. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad and ending in two long prescutellar). 1 long humeral and 1 shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 short postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 long notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 long fine black propleural bristle. Legs. Yellow with mid and hind coxae pale brown. Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short black hairs ending in 3 longer bristles near tip of coxa; near base a few minute erect hairs. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hairlike preapical pv. Fore tibia without bristles. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 black exterior bristle. Mid femur with an anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 ad, 1 weaker pd; only 2 strong bristles in apical crown. Hind coxa with a short, black exterior bristle. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia with a thin and short, hairlike dorsal bristle near middle. Dorsal preapical short. No real apical crown of bristles, only a distinct ventral bristle. Posterodorsal comb short (Fig. 6), with a minute denticle below. First segment of hind tarsus about half as long as second segment, a little thicker than following segment; with a brown basal “ spur ” pointing to tibia and with 3 distinct black curved spines. Claws on all legs minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Basal joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 swollen into an indistinct node. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein indistinct (merely a fold at base). Squama with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with pale knob and stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short, marginals not half as long as tergite is long. Sterna pale brownish and long marginals on sternites 3 and 4. Genital capsule (Fig. 7) globular, brown. Cerci pale yellow, with a narrow yellowish leaf-like bristle near tip; surstyli elongate, brown in contrast to paler cerci. Hypandrium pale, large and broad, symmetrical furcate (Fig. 8). Aedeagus rather short, its apex furcate. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with a short bristle at base. Female: unknown.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC940585219ACDE8F08A00A80.taxon	discussion	Remarks. — N. spinata, new species is the only species that has three black spines on the hind femur: two dorsal and one apical. Remarkable is also that the face is grey dusted while in most other species it is shining metallic blue.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC947585019D3DE8F0E810B40.taxon	description	(Figs. 9 – 11)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC947585019D3DE8F0E810B40.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (MS name: Si 681; reg. 25134, Si 905, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 3 males, Sime Forest, 1 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25040, Si 618, coll. PG); 5 males, Sime Forest, 8 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25049, Si 681, coll. PG), DNA sequences in genbank; 3 males, Sime Forest, 27 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25093, Si 790, coll. PG); 3 males, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25134, Si 905, coll. PG); 3 males, Sime Forest, 20 May 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25131, Si 909, coll. PG); 11 males, Sime Forest, 17 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25136, Si 913, coll. PG); 4 males, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25129, Si 938, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25130, Si 940, coll. PG); 3 males, Sime Forest, 1 Jul. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25189, Si 1062, coll. PG); 2 males, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25135, Si 1074, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 22 Jul. 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25271, Si 1079, coll. PG); 7 males, Sime Forest, 3 Dec. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25434, Si 1318, coll. PG); 4 males, Sime Forest, 6 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25128, coll. PG). 1 male, Nee Soon, 5 Apr. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25047, Si 642, coll. PG). In genbank as Nepalomyia Si 681 (Lim et al., 2009).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC947585019D3DE8F0E810B40.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The species has a remarkable huge aedeagus and hence the name priapus (Latin) here used as noun, refers to the huge phallus of mythological Greek king Priapus.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC947585019D3DE8F0E810B40.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — A small species with triangular third antennal segment 1.6 times as long as wide. Tip of hypandrium, aedeagus and surstyli hidden in cavity of segments 4 and 5. Aedeagus much swollen, containing a black mass. Male: Body length: 2.1 – 2.34 mm; wing length: 1.56 – 1.82 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face shining blue metallic, parallel-sided, as wide as the distance between the ocellar bristles; clypeus very feebly bulging out, grey dusted. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as the postocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna (Fig. 9) brown: second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and a long dorsal bristle. Third segment triangular, 1.6 times as long as wid. Arista 3.5 times as long as third segment: pubescence short in basal third, longer apically. Basal segment of arista swollen at apex. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae partly somewhat lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, half as long as dc. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad and ending in a long prescutellar). 1 long humeral and 1 shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 short postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 long notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 long black propleural bristle, just above coxa. Legs. Yellow with mid and hind coxae brown (mid coxa darkest). Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short black hairs ending in 4 long bristles near tip of coxa; near base a few minute erect hairs. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hairlike preapical pv. Fore tibia without bristles. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 very long black bristle below middle. Mid femur with an anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 ad, 2 weaker pd; 3 bristles in apical crown. Hind coxa with a black exterior bristle, shorter than on mid coxa. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia with a thin and short, hairlike dorsal bristle near middle. A long dorsal preapical. No real apical crown of bristles, only a strong ventral. Posterodorsal comb short (Fig. 10), with a denticle below. All tarsi slender and tapering toward tip. First segment of hind tarsus about half as long as second segment, a little thicker than following segment; with a brown basal “ spur ” pointing to tibia. Claws on all legs minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Basal joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 swollen into a small node. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein also brown, running parallel to posterior wing margin, but not reaching the margin. Squama with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with dark knob, but paler stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short, but all marginals very long. Sterna pale brownish and long marginals on sternites 3 and 4. Genital capsule (Fig. 11) globular, dark brown. Cerci long, pale yellow, with a large yellowish leaflike bristle near middle; surstyli elongate, brown in contrast to paler cerci. Hypandrium pale, large and broad, symmetrical broadly furcate. Aedeagus much swollen in middle, its apex furcate, hidden inside fifth sternite, with a contrastingly black mass near middle, probably containing sperm. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with two very short bristles at base. Female: Identical to male in most characters. No spur on hind metatarsus.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC947585019D3DE8F0E810B40.taxon	discussion	Remarks. — The huge aedeagus is unique in Nepalomyia. Remarkable is that it is filled in the middle with black rod-like structures that may be spermatozoids and thus this swelling represents a kind of spermatheca.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC945585119CCDC6F0E980BA1.taxon	description	(Figs. 12 – 15)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC945585119CCDC6F0E980BA1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Sime Forest, 8 Apr. 2005, forest, sweep netting (MS name: Si 740; reg. 25053, Si 740, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 1 male, Sime Forest, 8 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25049, Si 683, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 27 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25093, Si 904, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25134, Si 908, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 20 May 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25131, Si 910, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25129, and hypandrium dorsally. Si 937, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25130, Si 942, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 23 Sep. 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25364, Si 1072, coll. PG).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC945585119CCDC6F0E980BA1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The present species is dedicated to Prof. Ding Yang (China Agricultural University) who described many Nepalomyia species from Oriental China.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC945585119CCDC6F0E980BA1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — Small species with triangular third antennal segment about 1.8 times as long as wide. Aedeagus long, pale; surstyli finger-like brown; cerci very short. Male: Body length: 2.1 mm; wing length: 1.8 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face blackish brown, shining, parallel-sided, as wide as base of third antennal segment. Clypeus very feebly bulging out. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as the postocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna brown: Second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and a long dorsal bristle. Third segment triangular (Fig. 12), 1.8 times as long as wide. Arista 3.8 times as long as third segment: pubescence short in basal third, longer apically. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae partly somewhat lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, short. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad and ending in a long prescutellar). 1 long humeral and 1 shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 short postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 long notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 long black propleural bristle, just above coxa. Legs. Yellow with mid and hind coxae brown. Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short hairs ending in 3 long bristles near tip of coxa. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hairlike preapical pv. Fore tibia without bristles. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 very long black bristle below middle. Mid femur with an anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 ad, 2 weaker pd; 3 bristles in apical crown. Hind coxa with a black exterior bristle, shorter than on mid coxa. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia with a thin and short, hair like dorsal bristle beyond middle. A short dorsal preapical. No real apical crown of bristles, only a distinct ventral. Posterodorsal comb short (Fig. 13), with a minute denticle below. First segment of hind tarsus less than half as long as second segment, a little thicker than following segment; with a brown basal pointed “ spur ” pointing to tibia. Claws on all legs minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 indistinctly swollen. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein distinct at base, running parallel to posterior wing margin, but not reaching the margin. Squama with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with pale knob and stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short, all marginals distinct but only half as long as tergite is long. Sterna pale brownish with indistinct marginals. Genital capsule (Fig. 14) globular, dark brown. Cerci very short, with a wide basal part and very short apical part bearing a strong bristle. Surstyli elongate, simple in structure, brown in contrast to paler aedeagus; hardly half as long as genital capsule is long. Hypandrium (Fig. 15) pale, furcate. Aedeagus yellowish, long, quite simple. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with a short bristle at base. Female: unknown.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC945585119CCDC6F0E980BA1.taxon	discussion	Remarks. — See key to the species.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC944585E19A9DD080E220A20.taxon	description	(Figs. 16 – 20)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC944585E19A9DD080E220A20.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Sime Forest, 1 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (MS name: Si 898; reg. 25040, Si 898, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 2 males, Sime Forest, 8 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25049, Si 682, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 1 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25040, Si 898, coll. PG); 2 males, Sime Forest, 27 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25093, Si 903, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25134, Si 907, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 20 May 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25131, Si 911, coll. PG); 6 males, Sime Forest, 17 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25136, Si 912, coll. PG). In genbank as Nepalomyia Si 898 (Lim et al., 2009).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC944585E19A9DD080E220A20.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The present species is named after the ancient name of Singapore that was Temasek or city at the sea.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC944585E19A9DD080E220A20.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — Small species with triangular third antennal segment as long as wide. Tip of hypandrium very broad, darkened. Cerci longer than surstyli. Male: Body length: 2.34 mm; wing length: 2.1 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face blackish brown, shining, parallel-sided, as wide as base of third antennal segment. Clypeus very feebly bulging out. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as the postocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna brown: Second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and a long dorsal bristle. Third segment triangular (Fig. 16), as long as wide. Arista 5 times as long as third segment: pubescence short in basal third, longer apically. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae partly somewhat lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, short. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad and ending in a long prescutellar). 1 long humeral and 1 shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 short postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 long notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 long black propleural bristle, just above coxa. Legs. Yellow with mid and hind coxae brown. Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short hairs ending in 4 long bristles near tip of coxa. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hair like preapical pv. Fore tibia without bristles. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 very long black bristle near middle. Mid femur with a strong anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 ad, 2 weaker pd; 3 bristles in apical crown. Hind coxa with a black exterior bristle, only a little shorter than on mid coxa. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia with a thin and short, dorsal bristle beyond middle. A long dorsal preapical. No real apical crown of bristles, only a distinct ventral. Posterodorsal comb short (Fig. 17), with a black denticle below. First segment of hind tarsus less than half as long as second segment, a little thicker than following segment; with a brown basal “ spur ” pointing to tibia. Claws on all legs minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 a little swollen. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein indistinct at base. Squama brown with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with brownish knob and paler stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short, all marginals distinct, slightly longer as tergites are long. Sterna pale brownish with indistinct marginals. Genital capsule (Fig. 18) globular, dark brown. Cerci elongate, with a strong, yellowish bristle near tip. Surstyli elongate, brown in contrast to paler cerci; about half as long as genital capsule is long. Hypandrium (Fig. 18, 19) contrastingly black, not furcate, but tip rounded with two short “ wings ” at sides. Aedeagus (Fig. 18, 20) yellowish, with a darkened tip. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with a short bristle at base. Female: unknown.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94A585C1AC2DE8F0AD90EE0.taxon	description	(Figs. 21 – 24, 25 – 27)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94A585C1AC2DE8F0AD90EE0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Sime Forest, 1 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (MS name: Si 899; reg. 25040, Si 899, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 1 male, Nee Soon, 8 Jul. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25206, Si 894, coll. PG); 2 males, Sime Forest, 27 Apr. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25093, Si 902, coll. PG), male in genbank; 1 male, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25134, Si 906, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 17 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25136, Si 914, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25130, Si 943, coll. PG); 5 males, Sime Forest, 6 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25128, Si 1063, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 3 - Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25135, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 3 Dec. 2005, forest, Mal 1, (reg. 25434, coll. PG). In genbank as Nepalomyia Si 899 (Lim et al., 2009).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94A585C1AC2DE8F0AD90EE0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The name refers to the type locality of the species.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94A585C1AC2DE8F0AD90EE0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — Small species with triangular third antennal segment almost 3 times as long as wide (2.7 ×); arista 1.6 times as long as third segment. Basal fifth of vein R 2 + 3 thickened. Hind metatarsus with a dorsal ridge. Male: Body length: 2.1 mm; wing length: 1.95 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face shining metallic blue, clypeus grey dusted. Face above about twice as wide as second antennal segment, narrowing downwards. Clypeus very feebly bulging out. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as the postocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna brown: Second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and with 1 or 2 long dorsal bristles. Third segment elongate triangular (Fig. 21), 2.7 times as long as wide. Arista 1.6 times as long as third segment, base pale brownish, rest almost white. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae hardly lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, long, half as long as dc. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad). 1 long humeral and 1 only slightly shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 long postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 long notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 very long black propleural bristle, just above coxa. Legs yellow with mid and hind coxae brown. Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short hairs ending in 4 long bristles near tip of coxa. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hairlike preapical pv. Fore tibia with short apical bristles. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 very long black bristle below middle. Mid femur with a strong anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 strong ad, 2 weaker pd; 3 strong bristles in apical crown. Mid tarsomeres with a pair of black apical bristles. Hind coxa with a black exterior bristle, half as long as the one on mid coxa. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia (Fig. 22) with ad on basal quarter and distinct dorsal just beyond middle followed by a few less distinct dorsal, a strong anterodorsal preapical. No real apical crown of bristles, only a distinct ventral. Posterodorsal comb short (Figs. 23, 24), with a black denticle below. First segment of hind tarsus a little longer than half as long as second segment, with a elongate ridge (“ spur ”) at base. All hind tarsomeres with black apical bristles. All claws minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Basal fifth of vein R 2 + 3 thickened. Joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 a little swollen. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein pale brownish near base, but fading and not reaching wing border. Squama brown with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with pale knob and pale stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short, all marginals distinct, slightly longer as tergites are wide. Sterna pale brownish with long marginals. Tip of surstyli and aedeagus hidden in sternites 4 and 5. Genital capsule (Fig. 25) globular, dark brown. Cerci elongate, with a strong, yellowish bristle near tip. Surstyli elongate, brown in contrast to paler cerci; about half as long as genital capsule is long. Hypandrium (Fig. 26) yellowish; tip with 4 long narrow teeth. Aedeagus (Fig. 27) yellowish. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with a short bristle at base. Female: unknown.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC94A585C1AC2DE8F0AD90EE0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. — N. singaporenis, new species seems to be related to N. horvati Wang & Yang (2004) in that both species have a long triangular third antennal segment, 2.7 times as long as wide in N. singaporenis, but 4.6 times in N. horvati. Both species have the basal spur on hind metatarsus rim-like. The basal portion of vein R 2 + 3 is not swollen in N. horvati as it is in N. singaporensis, new species The genitalia are similar in general structure but much different in the details. Cercus in N. singaporensis bears a broad leaf-like bristle. This bristle is slender and much longer in N. horvati. Wang & Yang (2004) assigned N. horvati to the N. longa - group, and due to the many similarities, N. singaporensis, new species should also belong to this group. However N. singaporensis, new species does not have basal tubercles on the cercus or at least it is not recognised as such here in this study.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC949585D19A5DE8F0F500800.taxon	description	(Figs. 28 – 33)	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC949585D19A5DE8F0F500800.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. — Holotype male, SINGAPORE: Nee Soon, 5 Apr. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 2, (MS name: Si 501; reg. 25047, Si 901, coll. P. Grootaert). Paratypes: 1 male, Nee Soon, 5 Apr. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25047, Si 901, coll. PG); 3 males, Sime Forest, 13 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25130, Si 941, coll. PG); 1 male, Nee Soon, 3 Dec. 2005, swamp forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25437, Si 1322, coll. PG); 3 males, Sime Forest, 3 Jun. 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25135, on pin, coll. PG); 1 male, Sime Forest, 6 May 2005, forest, Mal 2, (reg. 25128, coll. PG).	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC949585D19A5DE8F0F500800.taxon	etymology	Etymology. — The present species is dedicated to Prof. Oleg Negrobov (Voronesh) in honour of his life-long work on dolichopodid taxonomy.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC949585D19A5DE8F0F500800.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. — Small species with triangular third antennal segment 1.5 times as long as wide. Face grey dusted. All coxae brown. Tip of aedeagus globular, black. Male: Body length: 1.8 mm; wing length: 1.5 mm. Head. Vertex brownish black, surpassing level of upper eye margin. Occiput concave. Face brown, grey dusted, parallelsided, as wide as base of third antennal segment. Clypeus very feebly bulging out. Palpus dark brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar tubercle prominent. 2 strong black ocellars, 2 postverticals, nearly as long as the postocellars, but less strong; 2 tiny postocellars. Postocular bristles uniseriate, black. Antenna brown, but basal segments darker than third segment. Second segment with a circle of short marginal bristles and with 1 or 2 long dorsal bristles. Third segment elongate triangular (Fig. 28), 1.5 times as long as wide. Arista 3.8 times as long as third segment. Thorax brown, not shining, pleurae hardly lighter coloured. A shallow prescutellar flattened area. Postscutellum with a median mound. Acr biseriate, long, half as long as dc. 5 dc (growing longer posteriad). 1 long humeral and 1 only slightly shorter posthumeral, 1 short presutural, 2 long postsutural; 1 very long pre-alar; 1 very long post alar, 2 short notopleurals; scutellum with 2 strong marginals with a short hair at side. 1 long black propleural bristle, just above coxa. Legs yellow, but all coxae brown, including fore coxae. Bristles and hairs black. Fore coxa anteriorly with short hairs ending in 4 long bristles near tip of coxa. Fore femur without bristles, bearing only 2 very short, hair like preapical pv. Fore tibia with short preapical ventral bristle. Mid coxa with numerous anterior bristles and 1 long black bristle below middle. Mid femur with a strong anterior preapical, no posterior preapical. Mid tibia: 2 strong ad, 2 weaker pd; 3 strong bristles in apical crown. Mid tarsomeres with a pair of short apical bristles. Hind coxa with a black exterior bristle, half as long as the one mid coxa. Hind femur with an anterior preapical; no posterior preapical and no other bristles. Hind tibia with a short dorsal bristle just beyond middle and a short anterodorsal preapical. No real apical crown of bristles, only a distinct ventral bristle. Posterodorsal comb short (Fig. 29), with a short, black denticle below. First segment of hind tarsus more than half as long as second segment. All hind tarsomeres with short apical bristles. All claws minute, symmetrical. Wing faintly brownish tinged with brown veins. Joint of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 a little swollen. Apical part of M 3 + 4 about 2 – 2.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein distinct at base, gradually fading. Squama brown with fan of long, black cilia. Halter with brownish knob and stalk. Abdomen brown. Hairs and bristles on terga short. Marginals on first tergite as long as tergite is wide; marginals on following tergites only half as long as tergites are wide. Sterna pale brownish with only sternite 4 having distinct marginals. Genital capsule (Fig. 30) globular, dark brown. Cerci short, with a strong, yellowish bristle near tip. Surstyli elongate, brown in contrast to paler cerci; less than half as long as genital capsule is long. Hypandrium (Fig. 31) yellow, furcate. Aedeagus (Figs. 31, 32) brownish, but tip dorsally darkened. A long pale, epandrial bristle present, inserted on a short tubercle; with a short bristle at base. Female: unknown.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
03A487BDC949585D19A5DE8F0F500800.taxon	discussion	Remarks. — N. negrobovi, new species is the only species in Singapore with all coxae brownish. It is easily recognised in the male sex by the black globular tip of the aedeagus.	en	Grootaert, Patrick (2013): New Nepalomyia Hollis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) From Singapore And South Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 103-116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4508533
