identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371.text	03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pinnularia qinghainensis Bing Liu & S. Blanco 2021	<div><p>Pinnularia qinghainensis Bing Liu &amp; S. Blanco sp. nov. (Figs 1–25)</p> <p>LM: Valves linear with broadly rounded apices (Figs 1–15), dimensions (n=31): 35–70 μm long, 8–11μm wide. Sternum narrow, widening towards central area. Central area hexagonal with three forms: reaching both margins (e.g. Figs 1, 5, 11), meeting one margin and bordering the other with few short striae (e.g. Figs 2, 3), or bordering both margins with a few short striae (e.g. Figs 8, 12, 15). Raphe filiform, straight. Proximal raphe ends slightly bent toward same side with drop-shaped central pores. Distal raphe fissures sickle-shaped, deflexed to same side. Striae mostly curved, radiate at middle, gradually becoming convergent when approaching apices. Striae 13–16 (often 14) in 10 μm at centre, 15–17 in 10 μm near apices. Longitudinal lines absent.</p> <p>SEM: Valves linear with broadly rounded apices (Figs 16, 21). Central area hexagonal, reaching both margins (Figs 17, 23), or bordering both margins with a few short striae (Figs 21, 22). External proximal raphe ends bent in one direction, slightly dilated (Fig. 17). Distal raphe fissures hooked towards same side (Figs 16, 18, 19). Internally, raphe branches straight, proximal raphe fissures curved towards same side, central nodule not raised (Figs 22, 23); distal raphe terminating as helictoglossae (Figs 24, 25). Striae mostly composed of 4 rows of small areolae (rarely 3 rows) (Figs 16–20), covered by silicified plates (Fig. 20); internally, alveoli open, their openings as depressed chambers.</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Qinghai province: Lake Qinghai, a sampling point near the lakeshore (see Liu et al. 2020, fig. 1, sampling site 1), 36°50’34” N, 99°42’39” E, 3210 m asl, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.71083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.842777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.71083/lat 36.842777)">Bing Liu</a>, 19 th July 2019 (holotype BM! 98361= Fig. 2; isotype JIU! G202002 = Fig. 3).</p> <p>Etymology: —Named after Lake Qinghai, where the species was found.</p> <p>Ecology: —The following environmental parameters were measured in the field: Electrical conductance 16296.7 ± 86.2 µS∙ cm-1; pH 9.14 ± 0.01; water temperature 15.5 ± 0.3 °C.</p> <p>Similar taxa: Pinnularia boliviana S. Blanco, Álvarez-Blanco &amp; Cejudo-Figueiras (in Blanco et al. 2013: 15), P. rhombarea var. halophila Krammer (2000: 76) and P. halophila Krammer (1992: 146; see also Krammer 2000: 137) all live in brackish water and in some respects are similar to P. qinghainensis. Pinnularia boliviana differs from P. qinghainensis by its lower stria density (12–13 vs. 13–16 in 10 μm), its wider valves (10.8–16.4 vs. 8–11 μm), and its fascia (in P. qinghainensis the central area may not constitute a fascia). Pinnularia rhombarea var. halophila has broader valves (12–15 vs. 8–11μm) and lower stria density (10–11 vs. 13–16 in 10 μm). Pinnularia halophila has broader valves (17–22 vs. 8–11μm) and much lower stria density (8–9 vs. 13–16 in 10 μm). Pinnularia brebissonii (Kützing 1844: 93) Rabenhorst (1864: 222) also has a lower stria density than P. qinghainensis (12–13 vs. 13–16 in 10 μm).</p> <p>Pinnularia qinghainensis is only known from the type locality and is a rare species (its relative abundance is ca. 0.4%). The diatom samples that included P. qinghainensis were scraped off from stone surfaces immersed in brackish water, hence, the species may be recognized as a brackish-water epilithic diatom. Most of the companion species (e.g. Ctenophora sinensis Bing Liu &amp; D.M. Williams (in Liu et al. 2020: 119), Entomoneis spp., Halamphora spp., Berkeleya sp., Triblionella spp., Brachysira sp. and Surirella spp.) in the samples are either marine or brackish-water diatoms which will be reported later.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Deng, Li-Ying;Blanco, Saúl;Liu, Bing;Quan, Si-Jin;Long, Ji-Yan	Deng, Li-Ying, Blanco, Saúl, Liu, Bing, Quan, Si-Jin, Long, Ji-Yan (2021): Pinnularia qinghainensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) found in the brackish Lake Qinghai, China. Phytotaxa 483 (1): 80-84, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5
