taxonID	type	description	language	source
03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371.taxon	description	SEM: Valves linear with broadly rounded apices (Figs 16, 21). Central area hexagonal, reaching both margins (Figs 17, 23), or bordering both margins with a few short striae (Figs 21, 22). External proximal raphe ends bent in one direction, slightly dilated (Fig. 17). Distal raphe fissures hooked towards same side (Figs 16, 18, 19). Internally, raphe branches straight, proximal raphe fissures curved towards same side, central nodule not raised (Figs 22, 23); distal raphe terminating as helictoglossae (Figs 24, 25). Striae mostly composed of 4 rows of small areolae (rarely 3 rows) (Figs 16 – 20), covered by silicified plates (Fig. 20); internally, alveoli open, their openings as depressed chambers. Type: — CHINA. Qinghai province: Lake Qinghai, a sampling point near the lakeshore (see Liu et al. 2020, fig. 1, sampling site 1), 36 ° 50 ’ 34 ” N, 99 ° 42 ’ 39 ” E, 3210 m asl, Bing Liu, 19 th July 2019 (holotype BM! 98361 = Fig. 2; isotype JIU! G 202002 = Fig. 3).	en	Deng, Li-Ying, Blanco, Saúl, Liu, Bing, Quan, Si-Jin, Long, Ji-Yan (2021): Pinnularia qinghainensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) found in the brackish Lake Qinghai, China. Phytotaxa 483 (1): 80-84, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5
03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Named after Lake Qinghai, where the species was found.	en	Deng, Li-Ying, Blanco, Saúl, Liu, Bing, Quan, Si-Jin, Long, Ji-Yan (2021): Pinnularia qinghainensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) found in the brackish Lake Qinghai, China. Phytotaxa 483 (1): 80-84, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5
03A487B8224CFFF0FF0CFBF8FA14F371.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology: — The following environmental parameters were measured in the field: Electrical conductance 16296.7 ± 86.2 µS ∙ cm- 1; pH 9.14 ± 0.01; water temperature 15.5 ± 0.3 ° C. Similar taxa: Pinnularia boliviana S. Blanco, Álvarez-Blanco & Cejudo-Figueiras (in Blanco et al. 2013: 15), P. rhombarea var. halophila Krammer (2000: 76) and P. halophila Krammer (1992: 146; see also Krammer 2000: 137) all live in brackish water and in some respects are similar to P. qinghainensis. Pinnularia boliviana differs from P. qinghainensis by its lower stria density (12 – 13 vs. 13 – 16 in 10 μm), its wider valves (10.8 – 16.4 vs. 8 – 11 μm), and its fascia (in P. qinghainensis the central area may not constitute a fascia). Pinnularia rhombarea var. halophila has broader valves (12 – 15 vs. 8 – 11 μm) and lower stria density (10 – 11 vs. 13 – 16 in 10 μm). Pinnularia halophila has broader valves (17 – 22 vs. 8 – 11 μm) and much lower stria density (8 – 9 vs. 13 – 16 in 10 μm). Pinnularia brebissonii (Kützing 1844: 93) Rabenhorst (1864: 222) also has a lower stria density than P. qinghainensis (12 – 13 vs. 13 – 16 in 10 μm). Pinnularia qinghainensis is only known from the type locality and is a rare species (its relative abundance is ca. 0.4 %). The diatom samples that included P. qinghainensis were scraped off from stone surfaces immersed in brackish water, hence, the species may be recognized as a brackish-water epilithic diatom. Most of the companion species (e. g. Ctenophora sinensis Bing Liu & D. M. Williams (in Liu et al. 2020: 119), Entomoneis spp., Halamphora spp., Berkeleya sp., Triblionella spp., Brachysira sp. and Surirella spp.) in the samples are either marine or brackish-water diatoms which will be reported later.	en	Deng, Li-Ying, Blanco, Saúl, Liu, Bing, Quan, Si-Jin, Long, Ji-Yan (2021): Pinnularia qinghainensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) found in the brackish Lake Qinghai, China. Phytotaxa 483 (1): 80-84, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.1.5
