identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A587813C4AFFE0FF7B38C1FAB8CF79.text	03A587813C4AFFE0FF7B38C1FAB8CF79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nucula falklandica Preston 1912	<div><p>1. Nucula falklandica Preston, 1912 [Figs 3A – E]</p><p>Nucula falklandica Preston, 1912: 637, pl. 21, fig. 3</p><p>Material examined. • 7 spms, Stn. 2; • 6 spms, Stn. 7; • 6 spms, Stn. 8; • 4 spms, Stn. 11; • 1 spm, Stn. 13; • 10 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Port Stanley, Malvinas / Falkland Islands, from a fish stomach.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–500 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, Strait of Magellan.</p><p>Remarks. Nucula falklandica from the 26 th Soviet Antarctic Expedition from King George Island, which is housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg, is illustrated in Engl (2012). Rauschert (1991) published his findings from the 26 th (1980–1982) and 30 th (1984–1986) Soviet Antarctic Expedition from Ardley Cove near King George Island. The provenance of these records is almost exactly the same as that of the present study. At that time, he detected the species at 12 stations in depths between 5 and 70 metres. In the present study we observed this species between 35 and 70 m.</p><p>References. Rauschert (1991), Villarroel &amp; Stuardo (1998), Engl (2012), Aldea et al. (2020), Zettler &amp; Bick (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C4AFFE0FF7B38C1FAB8CF79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C4AFFE2FF7B3B5EF805C98C.text	03A587813C4AFFE2FF7B3B5EF805C98C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ennucula ardleyana Zettler & Bick 2025	<div><p>2. Ennucula ardleyana Zettler &amp; Bick, 2025 [Figs 3F–I]</p><p>Ennucula ardleyana Zettler &amp; Bick, 2025: 86, figs 11–18</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms (Holotype SMF 367275; Paratype SMF 367276), Stn. 3; • 1 spm (Paratype SMF 367277), Stn. 9 .</p><p>Type locality. Ardley cove, Maxwell Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands .</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 1–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: -. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We have recently described this species from this material. It is the first recent record of an Ennucula species in South Shetland Islands. No Ennucula species were found during the numerous Antarctic expeditions, although some of them also visited King George Island. It is very likely that E. ardleyana was overlooked in earlier studies due to its small size.</p><p>References. Zettler &amp; Bick (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C4AFFE2FF7B3B5EF805C98C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C48FFE2FF7B3EBCF8F2CC2A.text	03A587813C48FFE2FF7B3EBCF8F2CC2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nuculana inaequisculpta (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>3. Nuculana inaequisculpta (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 4A–D]</p><p>Yoldia inaequisculpta E. Lamy, 1906: 125, fig. 3</p><p>Material examined. • 3 spms, Stn. 3; • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. South Orkney Islands.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 30–304 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Palmer Archipelago. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. While the spiral sculpture is much more pronounced in young specimens than in adults, the posteroventral decurvation is not developed in young individuals (Fig. 4D). We found this species in depths between 70 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Villarroel &amp; Stuardo (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Engl (2012), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C48FFE2FF7B3EBCF8F2CC2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C48FFE2FF7B391EFF5ECEEF.text	03A587813C48FFE2FF7B391EFF5ECEEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yoldiella valettei (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>4. Yoldiella valettei (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 4E–G]</p><p>Yoldia valettei E. Lamy, 1906: 126, fig. 4</p><p>Material examined. • 67 spms, Stn. 3; • 22 spms, Stn. 6; • 1 spm, Stn. 8; • 1 spm, Stn. 11; • 3 spms, Stn. 13; • 9 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. South Orkney Islands .</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–1263 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands, Drake Passage. SOUTH AMERICA: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, southern Chile.</p><p>Remarks. Prodissoconch I has a size of about 185 µm and a characteristic pitted surface. We found the species at six stations between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Engl (2012), Reed et al. (2014).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C48FFE2FF7B391EFF5ECEEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C48FFEFFF7B3B43FF5CCA44.text	03A587813C48FFEFFF7B3B43FF5CCA44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aequiyoldia eightsii (J. C. Jay 1839)	<div><p>5. Aequiyoldia eightsii (J. C. Jay, 1839) [Figs 4H–J]</p><p>Nucula eightsii J. C. Jay, 1839: 113, pl. 1, figs 12–13</p><p>Material examined. • 43 spms, Stn. 2; • 4 spms, Stn. 3; • 4 spms, Stn. 6; • 10 spms, Stn. 7; • 78 spms, Stn. 8; • 7 spms, Stn. 11; • 5 spms, Stn. 12; • 6 spms, Stn. 13; • 14 spms, Stn. 14; • 5 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. South Shetland Islands.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–824 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Malvinas/ Falkland Islands, South Patagonia.</p><p>Remarks. Aequiyoldia eightsii is very common in our study area. In the neighbouring Admiralty Bay it was also found frequently down to a depth of 240 m. During our survey, the species was recorded in Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove in depths between 15 and 100 m.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Troncoso et al. (2001), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010a), Engl (2012), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C48FFEFFF7B3B43FF5CCA44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C45FFEFFF7B3F4CFBABCD5A.text	03A587813C45FFEFFF7B3F4CFBABCD5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limopsis lilliei E. A. Smith 1915	<div><p>6. Limopsis lilliei E. A. Smith, 1915 [Figs 5A–B]</p><p>Limopsis lilliei E. A. Smith, 1915: 76, pl. 1, fig. 18</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 11 spms, Stn. 3; • 12 spms, Stn. 6; • 75 spms, Stn. 7; • 17 spms, Stn. 8; • 155 spms, Stn. 11; • 100 spms, Stn. 13; • 11 spms, Stn. 14; • 21 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Off the Cape Bird Peninsula in McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 457 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 10–870 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Macquarie Island. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Limopsis lilliei was one of the most common species found during our study. The depths were between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C45FFEFFF7B3F4CFBABCD5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C45FFEFFF7B39ADF950CF43.text	03A587813C45FFEFFF7B39ADF950CF43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Philobrya olstadi (Soot-Ryen 1951)	<div><p>7. Philobrya olstadi (Soot-Ryen, 1951) [Figs 5C–E]</p><p>Philippiella olstadi Soot-Ryen, 1951: 12, pl. 1, figs 9–10</p><p>Material examined. • 13 spms, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. Deception Islands ( South Shetland Islands), 75 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–75 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom, probably attached to some biological or abiotic structures.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it at one station in the intertidal zone. The species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions.</p><p>References. Engl (2012), Urcola &amp; Zelaya (2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C45FFEFFF7B39ADF950CF43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C45FFEEFF7B3B43FAB8C9F0.text	03A587813C45FFEEFF7B3B43FAB8C9F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Philobrya limoides E. A. Smith 1907	<div><p>8. Philobrya limoides Smith, 1907 [Figs 5F–G]</p><p>Philobrya limoides E. A. Smith, 1907: 4, pl. 3, figs 2–2b</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms, Stn. 3.</p><p>Type locality. Ross Sea in depths between 37 and 238 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–220 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom, probably attached to some biological or abiotic structures.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Ross Sea, Davis Sea, Weddell Sea. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We follow the argumentation of Urcola &amp; Zelaya (2024), who regard P. limoides as a valid species and not as a synonym of Philobrya sublaevis Pelseneer, 1903 . We found two specimens in depth of 100 m. The species is already known (as P. sublaevis) from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Engl (2012), Urcola &amp; Zelaya (2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C45FFEEFF7B3B43FAB8C9F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3FC2F9EECDA2.text	03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3FC2F9EECDA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lissarca bennetti Preston 1916	<div><p>10. Lissarca bennetti Preston, 1916 [Figs 6C–E]</p><p>Lissarca bennetti Preston, 1916: 271, pl. 13, figs 7, 7a</p><p>Material examined. • 50 spms, Stn. 4.</p><p>Type locality. Bransfield Straits near South Shetland Islands at a depth of 27 m (from a fish stomach).</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–30 m.</p><p>Substrate. Epibenthic, attached by byssus to hard substrates, algae or hydroids and bryozoans.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Until recently, the name L. miliaris (R. A. Philippi, 1845) was used for the findings at King George Island. Güller &amp; Zelaya (2025) revised the species complex morphologically and genetically and have re-established L. bennetti for the Scotia Arc islands and the Antarctic Peninsula while L. miliaris is restricted to the Magellan region. We have observed this species only at one intertidal station with about 50 specimens. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. For Antarctic Peninsula beds it is one of the most common epibenthic species on the red algae Gigartina (Rosenfeld et al. 2017) .</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016), Rosenfeld et al. (2017), Güller &amp; Zelaya (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3FC2F9EECDA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3DD4FB7ECBC2.text	03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3DD4FB7ECBC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Philobrya wandelensis E. Lamy 1906	<div><p>9. Philobrya wandelensis E. Lamy, 1906 [Figs 6A–B]</p><p>Philobrya wandelensis E. Lamy, 1906: 50, fig. 4</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 8.</p><p>Type locality. Wandel (or Booth) Island at the Antarctic Peninsula.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–321 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom, probably attached to some biological or abiotic structures.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula,Weddell Sea, Ross Sea. SUBANTARCTICA:-. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Sandwich Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found one specimen in depth of 35 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Hain (1990), Mühlenhardt-Siegel (1989), Dell (1990), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008), Engl (2012), Jackson et al. (2015), Urcola &amp; Zelaya (2021, 2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C44FFEEFF7B3DD4FB7ECBC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C44FFE8FF7B3A23FE45C888.text	03A587813C44FFE8FF7B3A23FE45C888.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lissarca notorcadensis Melvill & Standen 1907	<div><p>11. Lissarca notorcadensis Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907 [Figs 6F–H]</p><p>Lissarca notorcadensis Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907: 144, figs 14, 14a</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 9 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Scotia Bay, South Orkney Islands, 16 to 27 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 18–1120 m, but usually in shallower depths.</p><p>Substrate. Epibenthic, attached to spines of sea urchins and only exceptionally to sponges, bryozoans, gorgonians, hydroids, ascidians or algae.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Our observations were made at depths of 70 and 90 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. According to Güller &amp; Zelaya (2025), this species is probably a species complex of at least two different species that occur either on the islands of the Scotia Arc or in the Antarctic.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012), Steger et al. (2023), Güller &amp; Zelaya (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C44FFE8FF7B3A23FE45C888	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3852FED6CE36.text	03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3852FED6CE36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyclocardia antarctica (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>13. Cyclocardia antarctica (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Figs 7D–E]</p><p>Cardita antarctica E. A. Smith, 1907: 2, pl. 2, figs 15, 15a</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 3; • 5 spms, Stn. 6; • 67 spms, Stn. 7; • 45 spms, Stn. 8; • 72 spms, Stn. 11; • 1 spm, Stn. 13; • 6 spms, Stn. 14; • 51 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. “Near the Antarctic Circle” from 465 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–1674 m, but usually in shallower depths.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands, Bouvet Island. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Until recently the species was identified as C. astartoides (E. von Martens, 1878), which falls into the synonymy of Cardita astartoides Deshayes, 1858 (see MolluscaBase 2025). We observed C. antarctica in depths between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Troncoso et al. (2001), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012), Huber (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3852FED6CE36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3DB8FB98CB26.text	03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3DB8FB98CB26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limea pygmaea (R. A. Philippi 1845)	<div><p>12. Limea pygmaea (R. A. Philippi, 1845) [Figs 7A–C]</p><p>Lima pygmaea R. A. Philippi, 1845: 56</p><p>Material examined. • 9 spms, Stn. 5; • 1 spm, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. Strait of Magellan .</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–598 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom, probably attached to stones or macrophytes.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands, Macquarie Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Straits of Magellan, Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species at two stations from the intertidal to 15 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Engl (2012), Huber (2010), Aldea et al. (2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C42FFE8FF7B3DB8FB98CB26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C42FFEAFF7B3B43F810C9F0.text	03A587813C42FFEAFF7B3B43F810C9F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyamiocardium denticulatum (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>14. Cyamiocardium denticulatum (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Figs 7F–H]</p><p>Cyamium denticulatum E. A. Smith, 1907: 3, pl. 3, figs 4–4b</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 1; • 66 spms, Stn. 2; • 60 spms, Stn. 3; • 16 spms, Stn. 6; • 10 spms, Stn. 7; • 3 spms, Stn. 8; • 6 spms, Stn. 10; • 11 spms, Stn. 11; • 19 spms, Stn. 13; • 1 spm, Stn. 14; • 66 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Winter Quarters, McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 23 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–507 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. In both Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove, the species was very common in depths between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Engl (2012), Urcola &amp; Zelaya (2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C42FFEAFF7B3B43F810C9F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3DD5FE2DCBC2.text	03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3DD5FE2DCBC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyamiomactra laminifera (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>15. Cyamiomactra laminifera (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 8A–D]</p><p>Mactra (Heteromactra) laminifera E. Lamy, 1906: 45, fig. 1</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2.</p><p>Type locality. Island of Petermann in the Bellingshausen Sea.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–1281 m, but usually in shallower waters.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula, Ross Sea, Bellingshausen Sea, Weddell See. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p><p>Remarks. This species can reach shell lengths of 10 to 19 mm. We found only a single specimen of 7.2 mm in length in a depth of 70 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Nicol (1966), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012), Huber (2015), Aldea et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3DD5FE2DCBC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3836FBE2CF43.text	03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3836FBE2CF43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kidderia subquadrata (Pelseneer 1903)	<div><p>16. Kidderia subquadrata (Pelseneer, 1903) [Figs 8E–J]</p><p>Cyamium subquadratum Pelseneer, 1903: 15, fig. 124</p><p>Material examined. • 233 spms, Stn. 4; • 3 spms, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. Two Hummock Island (Antarctic Peninsula), intertidally.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. Rocky intertidal.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom, attached to stones.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. The taxonomic classification of this species proved to be difficult. The specimen illustrated in Engl (2012, pl. 10, fig. 3) as Lasaea consanguinea (E. A. Smith, 1877) with the same place of origin as our study area proved to be identical. However, Huber (2010, fig. on p. 263; 2015, p. 503) revised the identification and named the specimen illustrated in Engl (2012) as K. subquadrata . Engl himself revised his L. consanguinea in 2016 and identified it as Kidderia bicolor (E. von Martens, 1885) . By revising the taxonomic questions and the genetic delimitation of the species, it was possible to determine that the Antarctic species is Kidderia subquadrata and the species found on the sub-Antarctic islands of Diego Ramirez, South Georgia and the Kerguelen Archipelago is Kidderia minuta Dall, 1876 (Levicoy et al. 2021a, b). The presence of other species of the genus (e.g. K. bicolor) could not be confirmed so far and requires a greater sampling effort (Levicoy et al. 2021a). Kidderia subquadrata is a valid species of Gaimardiidae, with family-typical dentition. We have found it frequently and exclusively in rock pools in subtidal depths. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Huber (2010, 2015), Engl (2012), Bick &amp; Arlt (2013), Aghmich et al. (2016), Levicoy et al. (2021a, b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C40FFEAFF7B3836FBE2CF43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3D28FE18CB99.text	03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3D28FE18CB99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Altenaeum charcoti (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>17. Altenaeum charcoti (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 9A–E]</p><p>Montaguia charcoti E. Lamy, 1906: 46, fig. 2</p><p>Material examined. • 7 spms, Stn. 2; • 2 spms, Stn. 3; • 5 spms, Stn. 6; • 61 spms, Stn. 7; • 200 spms, Stn. 8; • 22 spms, Stn. 10; • 126 spms, Stn. 11; • 32 spms, Stn. 12; • 25 spms, Stn. 13; • 8 spms, Stn. 14; • 34 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Anvers Island (Antarctic Peninsula).</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–113 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula, Bellingshausen Sea. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands, Macquarie Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. In contrast to the following species, A. charcoti was never found in the intertidal, but occupied depths between 15 and 100 m. This common species was regularly colonised by polyps of the hydrozoan Monobrachium Mereschkowsky, 1877 . Altenaeum charcoti is easily confused with A. narchii, with which it often occurs sympatrically. The somewhat more bulbous shape, the shorter main teeth of the left valve, and the absence of the ligament plate clearly distinguish this species from the following species. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. The species is a free-living, shallow-burrower, with a predominantly deposit-feeding habit (Passos et al. 2005).</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Narchi et al. (2002), Passos et al. (2005), Passos &amp; Domaneschi (2006), Engl (2012), Aldea et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3D28FE18CB99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3FFDF9DECE7E.text	03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3FFDF9DECE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Altenaeum narchii (Passos & Domaneschi 2006)	<div><p>18. Altenaeum narchii (Passos &amp; Domaneschi, 2006) [Figs 9F–J]</p><p>Mysella narchii Passos &amp; Domaneschi, 2006: 390, figs 1–5</p><p>Material examined. • 28 spms, Stn. 2; • 43 spms, Stn. 4; • 4 spms, Stn. 5; • 26 spms, Stn. 7; • 115 spms, Stn. 8; • 2 spms, Stn. 9; • 2 spms, Stn. 10; • 45 spms, Stn. 11; • 20 spms, Stn. 13; • 9 spms, Stn. 14; • 12 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. In front of the Brazilian Antarctic Station, Admiralty Bay on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, 5–25 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA:Antarctic Peninsula ? SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. The main morphological differences to A. charcoti have already been mentioned in the previous species and have been worked out by Passos &amp; Domaneschi (2006). There also seem to be ecological differences. Altenaeum narchii can be found very frequently in the intertidal, but also colonises deeper areas, often together with A. charcoti . We found A. narchii in a depth between 0 and 90 m. It was the fifth most common species in the intertidal. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Passos &amp; Domaneschi (2006), Bick &amp; Arlt (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5EFFF4FF7B3FFDF9DECE7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5EFFF6FF7B3A5EFB9EC98C.text	03A587813C5EFFF6FF7B3A5EFB9EC98C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Altenaeum gibbosum (Thiele 1912)	<div><p>19. Altenaeum gibbosum (Thiele, 1912) [Figs 9K–M]</p><p>Tellimya gibbosa Thiele, 1912: 230, pl. 18, fig. 12</p><p>Material examined. • 4 spms, Stn. 2.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea) at a depth of 385 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 1–752 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. The identification of this species was difficult. Mysella minuscula (Pfeffer, 1886), a species with nomen dubium status in MolluscaBase, which has been observed loosely in some previous studies for King George Island (e.g. Narchi et al. 2002, Passos &amp; Domaneschi 2006), may belong to this species. However, we came to the conclusion that our species belongs to Altenaeum gibbosum . It has a more backward-orientated umbo, which is also somewhat raised. The shape is more ovoid than roundish. The main teeth of the right valve are very short but prominent. Ultimately, however, a certain uncertainty remains in terms of identification. We found a few specimens in the Fildes Strait at a depth of 70 m.</p><p>References. Dell (1990), Narchi et al. (2002), Passos &amp; Domaneschi (2006), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Huber (2015), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5EFFF6FF7B3A5EFB9EC98C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3DF0FEF1CBFD.text	03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3DF0FEF1CBFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mysella antarctica (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>20. Mysella antarctica (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Figs 10A–C]</p><p>Tellimya antarctica E. A. Smith, 1907: 3, pl. 2, figs 16–16b</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 3.</p><p>Type locality. Winter Quarters, McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 23 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 23–1449 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Bransfield Strait, Weddell Sea, Ross Sea. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. This species has a roundish trapezoidal shape and can reach a shell length of up to 7 mm. Our specimen has a length of 4.3 mm and stands out from the Altenaeum species mentioned above by its shape and size alone. We found it at a station in Ardley Cove at a depth of 100 m.</p><p>References. Dell (1964, 1990), Mühlenhardt-Siegel (1989), Engl (2012), Huber (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3DF0FEF1CBFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3FC2F8AFCD17.text	03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3FC2F8AFCD17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudokellya franki Zelaya & Ituarte 2009	<div><p>21. Pseudokellya franki Zelaya &amp; Ituarte, 2009 [Figs 10D–F]</p><p>Pseudokellya franki Zelaya &amp; Ituarte, 2009: 2, figs 2–15</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 8 spms, Stn. 3; • 2 spms, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. Maxwell Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands in 50 to 100 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 50–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: -. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species in depths between 60 and 100 m. The absence of any radial sculpture on the outer shell surface separates this species from all other Antarctic Pseudokellya species.</p><p>References. Zelaya &amp; Ituarte (2009), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3FC2F8AFCD17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3A1EFAB8CFA7.text	03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3A1EFAB8CFA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thyasira debilis (Thiele 1912)	<div><p>22. Thyasira debilis (Thiele, 1912) [Figs 10G–H]</p><p>Axinopsis debilis Thiele, 1912: 232, pl. 18, fig. 25</p><p>Material examined. • 62 spms, Stn. 3; • 7 spms, Stn. 7; • 9 spms, Stn. 8; • 1 spm, Stn. 10; • 3 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea) at a depth of 385 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–850 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Strait of Magellan, Falkland/Malvinas Islands.</p><p>Remarks. In contrast to the following species, it is significantly smaller (maximum shell height 2.3 mm) and the posterior end is angulated. Anterior and posterior ends are frequently incrusted with ferruginous material. We found it in depth between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Dell (1964, 1990), Egorova (1982), Arnaud et al. (1986), Zelaya (2009), Engl (2012), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5CFFF6FF7B3A1EFAB8CFA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3FA6FE03CDCE.text	03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3FA6FE03CDCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thracia meridionalis E. A. Smith 1885	<div><p>24. Thracia meridionalis E. A. Smith, 1885 [Figs 11A–B]</p><p>Thracia meridionalis E. A. Smith, 1885: 68, pl. 6, figs 4–4b</p><p>Material examined. • 85 spms, Stn. 3; • 6 spms, Stn. 6; • 11 spms, Stn. 7; • 16 spms, Stn. 8; • 9 spms, Stn. 11; • 35 spms, Stn. 13; • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Kerguelen Islands .</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–836 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Prince Edward Islands, Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Strait of Magellan, Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p><p>Remarks. The species was frequently found in depths between 35 and 100 m. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Thiele (1912), Egorova (1982), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Linse (1997), Troncoso et al. (2001), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010a), Engl (2012), Huber (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3FA6FE03CDCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3C98FF6ACA9A.text	03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3C98FF6ACA9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thyasira scotiana Zelaya 2009	<div><p>23. Thyasira scotiana Zelaya, 2009 [Figs 10I–J]</p><p>Thyasira scotiana Zelaya, 2009: 275, figs 12–20</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 15 spms, Stn. 3; • 5 spms, Stn. 6; • 8 spms, Stn. 7; • 101 spms, Stn. 8; • 16 spms, Stn. 11; • 57 spms, Stn. 13; • 1 spm, Stn. 14; • 4 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. South Orkney Islands.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–850 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula (?). SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA-.</p><p>Remarks. Surprisingly, the species was quite common in the Ardley Cove area in depths between 50 and 100 m. The maximum shell height of our material was about 5.5 mm. Although the maximum dimensions are smaller, both the shell shape and the dimensions of the prodissoconch are consistent with the description by Zelaya (2009). The most similar species is T. falklandica, which is more robust, much heavier and has an inflated shell (Zelaya 2009). The latter was occasionally found on King George Island by Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991) and Passos et al. (2007) and must most probably also be assigned to T. scotiana .</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Passos et al. (2007), Zelaya (2009), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5AFFF0FF7B3C98FF6ACA9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C5AFFF3FF7B3A7BF881C938.text	03A587813C5AFFF3FF7B3A7BF881C938.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laternula elliptica (P. P. King 1832)	<div><p>25. Laternula elliptica (P. P. King, 1832) [Figs 11C–D]</p><p>Anatina elliptica P. P. King, 1832: 335</p><p>Material examined. • 1 empty double valve, Stn. 4; • 1 spm, Stn. 7; • 5 spms, Stn. 8; • 11 spms, Stn. 12; • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. South Shetland Islands.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 1–508 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. It is probably the largest species found in Antarctic waters. The species grows to over 80 mm and burrows deep into the soft bottom. Our largest specimen measured 55 mm. We found L. elliptica in depths between 15 and 70 m, but our method (dredge) was only partially suitable for scraping animals out of the sediment. The species is already known from the Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. The species reached an abundance of up to 30 individuals per square metre in depths deeper than 10 m in the neighbouring Admiralty Bay (Nonato et al. 2000). This species is always deeply buried, and only their siphons are detectable (Passos et al. 2022).</p><p>References. Rauschert (1991), Nonato et al. (2000), Troncoso et al. (2001), Engl (2012), Huber (2015), Aldea et al. (2016), Egorova (2019), Passos et al. (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C5AFFF3FF7B3A7BF881C938	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C59FFF3FF7B38AAFED9CEA7.text	03A587813C59FFF3FF7B38AAFED9CEA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cuspidaria infelix Thiele 1912	<div><p>27. Cuspidaria infelix Thiele, 1912 [Figs 11G–I]</p><p>Cuspidaria infelix Thiele, 1912: 233, pl. 18, fig. 28</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms, Stn. 3.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss Station (Davis Sea) at a depth of 385 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 60–1400 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina (?).</p><p>Remarks. The differentiation between C. infirma Pacheco, Teso &amp; Pastorino, 2022 and C. infelix is, in our opinion, very difficult. Our material shows a prodissoconch length of 190 µm compared to about 200 µm in C. infirma . The dissoconch is covered with tiny microscopic pits; while the prodissoconch is smooth but has pits in C. infirma . The rostrum is relatively long and the rostral depression is visible. We tend to favour C. infelix rather than C. infirma . We found it in a depth of 100 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. The record from the Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon off Argentina by Pacheco et al. (2022) is far away from all other localities and would have to be genetically verified.</p><p>References. Egorova (1982), Arnaud et al. (1986), Hain (1990), Rauschert (1991), Absher &amp; Feijó (1998), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010a), Engl (2012), Pacheco et al. (2022), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C59FFF3FF7B38AAFED9CEA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C59FFF3FF7B3E48FEF2CC0E.text	03A587813C59FFF3FF7B3E48FEF2CC0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cuspidaria minima (Egorova 1993)	<div><p>26. Cuspidaria minima (Egorova, 1993) [Figs 11E–F]</p><p>Subcuspidaria minima Egorova, 1993: 164, pl. 3, figs 2–3</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 3; • 2 spms, Stn. 6; • 1 spm, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. East of Southern Orkney Islands, 430-450 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–450 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. The species differentiation between C. minima and C. concentrica Thiele, 1912 is not clear. The characteristics listed by Zelaya &amp; Ituarte (2006) are partly blurred. In our opinion, the present material most closely resembles C. minima, whose type locality is not far (800 km) from King George Island and only 200 km from the Elephants Islands, from where Zelaya &amp; Ituarte (2026) re-described this species. Although the posterior tooth of the left valve is somewhat weak, the right valve has a clearly posterior tooth similar to that shown in Egorova (1993) and Zelaya &amp; Ituarte (2006). We found it in depths of 60 m. The species is already known from King George Island.</p><p>References. Egorova (1993), Engl (2012), Zelaya &amp; Ituarte (2006), Steger et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C59FFF3FF7B3E48FEF2CC0E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C57FFFDFF7B38E1FFC6CE8A.text	03A587813C57FFFDFF7B38E1FFC6CE8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antimargarita dulcis (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>29. Antimargarita dulcis (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Figs 12E–G]</p><p>Valvatella dulcis E. A. Smith, 1907: 10, pl. 2, fig. 8</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms, Stn. 2.</p><p>Type locality. McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 238 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 22–731 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Please note the distinction to the similar species Antimargarita bentarti Aldea, Zelaya &amp; Troncoso, 2009 and Antimargarita powelli Aldea, Zelaya &amp; Troncoso, 2009, which were identified by Aldea et al. (2009). Antimargarita dulcis has characteristic strong spiral cords and a fine dense axial sculpture. Our specimens come from the Fildes Strait with a depth of 70 m. It was not previously known from Maxwell Bay, but has been observed in neighbouring Admiralty Bay.</p><p>References. Egorova (1982), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Hain (1990), Numanami (1996), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C57FFFDFF7B38E1FFC6CE8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C57FFFDFF7B3DB8F916CB99.text	03A587813C57FFFDFF7B3DB8F916CB99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nacella concinna (Strebel 1908)	<div><p>28. Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) [Figs 12A–D]</p><p>Patinella polaris var. concinna Strebel, 1908: 81, pl. 5 figs 76–82</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms, Stn. 4; • 1 spm, Stn. 5; • 2 spms, Stn. 6; • 7 spms, Stn. 7; • 1 spm, Stn. 10; • 11 spms, Stn. 13; • 2 spms, Stn. 14; • 3 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–150 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it at several stations between intertidal and 100 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. Gonzáles-Wevar et al. (2019) present new molecular analyses and a comprehensive morphological revision of Nacella, which confirms the validity of all currently recognised species (and one new one), but also includes important changes to the published distributions of some species.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010a), Engl (2012), Bick &amp; Arlt (2013), Aghmich et al. (2016), Gonzáles-Wevar et al. (2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C57FFFDFF7B3DB8F916CB99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C57FFFFFF7B3B7EFB88C9A8.text	03A587813C57FFFFFF7B3B7EFB88C9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Margarella antarctica (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>30. Margarella antarctica (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 12H–L]</p><p>Margarita antarctica E. Lamy, 1906: 481, fig. 5</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 4 spms, Stn. 3; • 1 spm, Stn. 5; • 7 spms, Stn. 7; • 3 spms, Stn. 8; • 7 spms, Stn. 9; • 7 spms, Stn. 10; • 8 spms, Stn. 13; • 16 spms, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Wandel (or Booth) Island and Flanders Bay (Antarctic Peninsula).</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–460 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom and macroalgae but also soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it at several stations between the intertidal zone and 100 m depth. Margarella antarctica is associated to spots with macroalgae and rocks. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. It seems to be quite common in the waters around King George Island (see also Engl 2012).</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012), Aldea et al. (2016), Amsler et al. (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C57FFFFFF7B3B7EFB88C9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C55FFFFFF7B3F10FB25CCE2.text	03A587813C55FFFFFF7B3F10FB25CCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Skenella paludinoides (E. A. Smith 1902)	<div><p>31. Skenella paludinoides (E. A. Smith, 1902) [Figs 13A–D]</p><p>Eatoniella paludinoides E. A. Smith, 1902: 205, pl. 24, fig. 18</p><p>Material examined. • 8 spms, Stn. 4; • 1 spm, Stn. 7; • 8 spms, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. Cape Adare (Ross Sea), 15 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–60 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We have found this species in depths between the intertidal zone and 60 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Thiele (1912), Ponder (1983), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Engl (2012), Bick &amp; Arlt (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C55FFFFFF7B3F10FB25CCE2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C55FFFFFF7B38E2F9D5CED3.text	03A587813C55FFFFFF7B38E2F9D5CED3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Skenella umbilicata Ponder 1983	<div><p>32. Skenella umbilicata Ponder, 1983 [Figs 13E – G]</p><p>Skenella umbilicata Ponder, 1983: 28, figs 22a–d, 26e</p><p>Material examined. • 13 spms, Stn. 12.</p><p>Type locality. Borge Bay, Signy Island (South Orkney Islands), 4-10 m.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–20 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Ross Sea to Adelie Land, Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Our observation comes from a depth of 15 m. The maximum shell height of our material was 1.65 mm. The species is already known from Maxwell Bay. It can reach very high abundances on macroalgae as described by Amsler et al. (2022) from Lichfield Island (Palmer Archipelago).</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Engl (2012), Amsler et al. (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C55FFFFFF7B38E2F9D5CED3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C55FFF9FF7B3B27F9CBC91C.text	03A587813C55FFF9FF7B3B27F9CBC91C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eatoniella caliginosa (E. A. Smith 1875)	<div><p>33. Eatoniella caliginosa (E. A. Smith, 1875) [Figs 13H–K]</p><p>Eatonia caliginosa E. A. Smith, 1875: 71</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 3; • 20 spms, Stn. 4; • 2 spms, Stn. 7; • 11 spms, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. Swain’s Bay (Kerguelen Islands).</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands, Macquarie Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species in depths between the intertidal zone and 100 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C55FFF9FF7B3B27F9CBC91C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C53FFF9FF7B3D60FAB8CB9E.text	03A587813C53FFF9FF7B3D60FAB8CB9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eatoniella kerguelenensis (E. A. Smith 1875)	<div><p>34. Eatoniella kerguelenensis (E. A. Smith, 1875) [Figs 13L–O]</p><p>Eatonia kerguelenensis E. A. Smith, 1875: 70</p><p>Material examined. • 6 spms, Stn. 2; • 3 spms, Stn. 3; • 4 spms, Stn. 7; • 5 spms, Stn. 10; • 4 spms, Stn. 13.</p><p>Type locality. Kerguelen Islands, on a sponge.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–457 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Ponder (1983) distinguished two subspecies, E. k. kerguelensis (E.A. Smith, 1875) and E. k. regularis (E. A. Smith, 1915). The first, somewhat smaller subspecies (up to 3 mm) is restricted to the Kerguelen Islands. The second (up to 4.5 mm) is occurring around the Antarctic continent and the islands of Scotia Arc (see also Engel 2012). Since we do not differentiate at the subspecies level in this paper and also have too little material available to provide clarity in this regard, we will refer only to E. kerguelensis . If only the size is taken into account (our material was 3 to 4 mm high) then E. kerguelensis regularis can be assumed. The depth covered was intertidal up to 100 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Ponder (1983), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C53FFF9FF7B3D60FAB8CB9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C53FFF9FF7B38AAFE20CEEF.text	03A587813C53FFF9FF7B38AAFE20CEEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laevilacunaria antarctica (E. von Martens 1885)	<div><p>35. Laevilacunaria antarctica (E. von Martens, 1885) [Figs 14A–C]</p><p>Lacuna antarctica E. von Martens, 1885: 92</p><p>Material examined. • 4 spms, Stn. 2; • 2 spms, Stn. 4; • 3 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms, often grazing on macroalgae.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species from the intertidal zone down to 70 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. For Antarctic Peninsula beds it is one of the most common epibenthic species on the red algae Gigartina (Rosenfeld et al. 2017) . Laevilacunaria bennetti (Preston, 1916) is a similar species that also has a similar distribution pattern and is also found at King George Island. Laevilacunaria antarctica has a broad umbilicus, which is much more pronounced than those in L. bennetti .</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016), Aldea et al. (2016), Rosenfeld et al. (2017), Schmider-Martínez et al. (2023), Gonzáles-Wevar et al. (2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C53FFF9FF7B38AAFE20CEEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C53FFFBFF7B3AEFFBB6CA44.text	03A587813C53FFFBFF7B3AEFFBB6CA44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laevilitorina venusta Pfeffer 1886	<div><p>36. Laevilitorina venusta Pfeffer, 1886 [Figs 14D–G]</p><p>Laevilitorina venusta Pfeffer, 1886: 85, pl. 1, figs 9a, b [in Martens &amp; Pfeffer 1986]</p><p>Material examined. • 38 spms, Stn. 2; • 16 spms, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–30 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom, grazing on macroalgae or stones.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands, Crozet Islands, Marion Islands, Macquarie Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Engl (2012, p. 102) has made detailed comments on the unclear status of the species L. caliginosa (Gould, 1848), a name which was very often used for records on the South Shetland Islands (and elsewhere). Due to the revision of the higher latitude periwinkle species Laevilitorina caliginosa sensu lato by Rosenfeld et al. (2024) we know, that the records at King George Island refer to L. venusta . During our study, we found L. venusta exclusively in the intertidal zone. The species is already known (as L. caliginosa) from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Rauschert (1991), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016), Aldea et al. (2016), Rosenfeld et al. (2022, 2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C53FFFBFF7B3AEFFBB6CA44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C51FFFBFF7B3E48F889CDE6.text	03A587813C51FFFBFF7B3E48F889CDE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laevilitorina umbilicata Pfeffer 1886	<div><p>37. Laevilitorina umbilicata Pfeffer, 1886 [Figs 14H–K]</p><p>Laevilitorina umbilicata Pfeffer, 1886: 88, pl. 1, fig. 12 [in Martens &amp; Pfeffer 1986]</p><p>Material examined. • 557 spms, Stn. 2; • 7 spms, Stn. 9; • 1 spm, Stn. 12.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–40 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom, grazing on macroalgae or stones.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Similar to Engl (2012), the material we found consisted of both smooth and spiral-banded specimens. Laevilitorina umbilicata was by far the most common species in our study area and was found almost exclusively in the intertidal zone. There was only one single finding from a depth of 15 m. Laevilitorina umbilicata can be confused with L. antarctica (E. A. Smith, 1902) . However, it is slender and the whorls are not as distinct. Laevilitorina antarctica is more restricted to the Antarctic proper and L. umbilicata to the Antarctic Peninsula and the islands of the Scotia Arc, however, both overlap in their distribution area in South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula (Rosenfeld et al. 2022). While L. umbilicata is found in masses under stones in the immediate intertidal zone of King George Island (Aldea et al. 2016; this study), L. antarctica obviously prefers to colonise macroalgae in greater depths (9 to 20 m) (Martín et al. 2016; Amsler et al. 2022). There are a number of literature records of L. antarctica from very shallow South Shetland Islands, but it can be assumed that at least some of them are misidentifications. On the other hand, phylogenetic reconstructions of the Antarctic species L. antarctica, L. claviformis Preston, 1916, and L. umbilicata failed to discriminate them as different evolutionary units (Rosenfeld et al. 2024). If it is confirmed that they cannot be separated genetically, both L. antarctica and L. claviformis would have to be placed in the synonymy of L. umbilicata . However, a review is not the subject of this investigation. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016), Aldea et al. (2016), Martín et al. (2016), Amsler et al. (2022), Rosenfeld et al. (2022, 2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C51FFFBFF7B3E48F889CDE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C51FFFBFF7B39E6FAB8CFD7.text	03A587813C51FFFBFF7B39E6FAB8CFD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pellilitorina pellita (E. von Martens 1885)	<div><p>38. Pellilitorina pellita (E. von Martens, 1885) [Figs 14L–M]</p><p>Litorina pellita E. von Martens, 1885: 92</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–30 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom, grazing on macroalgae or stones.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found only one single individual in the intertidal zone. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Arnaud et al. (1986), Engl (2012), Aghmich et al. (2016), Aldea et al. (2016), Amsler et al. (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C51FFFBFF7B39E6FAB8CFD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3D28FBB4CAF9.text	03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3D28FBB4CAF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amauropsis bransfieldensis (Preston 1916)	<div><p>39. Amauropsis bransfieldensis (Preston, 1916) [Figs 15A–C]</p><p>Lunatia bransfieldensis Preston, 1916: 270, pl. 13, fig. 2</p><p>Material examined. • 7 spms, Stn. 2; • 1 spm, Stn. 3; • 1 spm, Stn. 6; • 7 spms, Stn. 12; • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Bransfield Straits near the South Shetland Islands at a depth of 27 m (from a fish stomach).</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: -. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found a few specimens in depths between 15 and 100 m. The largest specimen has a height of 8.8 mm. The species is already known from the Maxwell Bay.</p><p>References. Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3D28FBB4CAF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3976F99FCFAC.text	03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3976F99FCFAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onoba filostria (Melvill & Standen 1912)	<div><p>41. Onoba filostria (Melvill &amp; Standen, 1912) [Figs 15H–K]</p><p>Rissoa (Onoba) filostria Melvill &amp; Standen, 1912: 349, fig. 9</p><p>Material examined. • 27 spms, Stn. 2; • 44 spms, Stn. 7; • 41 spms, Stn. 8; • 11 spms, Stn. 10; • 18 spms, Stn. 11; • 32 spms, Stn. 13; • 2 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Scotia Bay (South Orkney Islands), 16 to 18 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 16–75 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: -. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species in depths between 35 and 70 m. Compared with the holotype, well-illustrated in Ponder (1983) in addition to the descriptions in Melvill &amp; Standen (1912) and held in the National Museum Scotland, Edinburgh, we are confident in presenting here the first record of this species outside South Georgia and the South Orkney Islands. In our opinion, it is very likely that Onoba subantarctica wilkesiana (Hedley, 1916) from the same locality as the present study and shown by Engl (2012) on plate 37, fig. 6, is also O. filostria . Onoba wilkesiana described by Hedley (1916) from Commonwealth Bay and illustrated in fig. 77 is by far not as strikingly thick-shelled as O. filostria and is in fact more reminiscent of a bulbous Onoba subantarctica (Thiele, 1912) known from the Kerguelen Islands.</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Ponder &amp; Worsfold (1994), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3976F99FCFAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3F89FAB8CD16.text	03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3F89FAB8CD16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onoba kergueleni (E. A. Smith 1875)	<div><p>40. Onoba kergueleni (E. A. Smith, 1875) [Figs 15D–G]</p><p>Rissoa kergueleni E. A. Smith, 1875: 69</p><p>Material examined. • 4 spms, Stn. 2; • 3 spms, Stn. 3; • 1 spm, Stn. 9; • 1 spm, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. Swain’s Bay (Kerguelen Islands) on a sponge.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–870 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found 9 individuals in depths between intertidal and 100 m. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays. Not yet fully grown specimens have very faintly visible spiral lines on the last coil in transmitted light (see also Ponder 1983, p. 18 and fig. 18g).</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Arnaud et al. (1986), Engl (2012), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Amsler et al. (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C50FFFAFF7B3F89FAB8CD16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3A5FFE0FCF90.text	03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3A5FFE0FCF90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Powellisetia deserta (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>45. Powellisetia deserta (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Fig. 16G]</p><p>Rissoia deserta E. A. Smith, 1907: 9, pl. 2, fig. 1</p><p>Material examined. • 4 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 18 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–870 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found only very few individuals in a depth of 70 m. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions in depths between 25 and 30 m.</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Dell (1990), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3A5FFE0FCF90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B38CBFAA5CE7E.text	03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B38CBFAA5CE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rissoidae Gray 1847	<div><p>44. Rissoidae indet. [Figs 16E–F]</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 1 spm, Stn. 10.</p><p>Remarks. This slender rissoid gastropod is very similar to Subonoba turqueti (E. Lamy, 1906) . It also shows the typical spiral-like surface structure. However, in the more than 300 specimens of S. turqueti found, we were never able to detect strong variability. We found one of these slender specimens in Fildes Strait and one in Ardley Cove in depths of between 60 and 70 m. These two slender specimens were listed separately here for the time being. The shell height was between 2.34 and 2.37 mm. The width was between 1.07 and 1.12 mm. The ratio of height to width was approximately 2.12 to 2.19, which is out of the range of S. turqueti given by us (see previous species) and Ponder (1983). However, if it is the same species as the previous one, it can be described as S. turqueti var. gracilis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B38CBFAA5CE7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3C98FBABCA6A.text	03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3C98FBABCA6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Subonoba gelida (E. A. Smith 1907)	<div><p>42. Subonoba gelida (E. A. Smith, 1907) [Figs 15L–O]</p><p>Rissoia gelida E. A. Smith, 1907: 9, pl. 2, fig. 5</p><p>Material examined. • 6 spms, Stn. 2; • 31 spms, Stn. 3; • 2 spms, Stn. 8; • 4 spms, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. McMurdo Sound (Ross Sea), 23–75 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–870 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found several dozen individuals in depths between 35 and 100 m in both Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove. The species is already known from Maxwell and Admiralty Bays.</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Numanami (1996), Zelaya (2005a), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3C98FBABCA6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3E6AF831CCCB.text	03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3E6AF831CCCB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Subonoba turqueti (E. Lamy 1906)	<div><p>43. Subonoba turqueti (E. Lamy, 1906) [Figs 16A–D]</p><p>Rissoia (Ceratia) turqueti E. Lamy, 1906: 479, fig. 3</p><p>Material examined. • 155 spms, Stn. 2; • 10 spms, Stn. 3; • 1 spm, Stn. 6; • 12 spms, Stn. 7; • 6 spms, Stn. 8; • 5 spms, Stn. 10; • 100 spms, Stn. 12; • 1 spm, Stn. 13; • 4 spms, Stn. 14; • 15 spms, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Wandel (or Booth) Island at the Antarctic Peninsula.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 2–385 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. In Maxwell Bay and also in Admiralty Bay, this species was found in large numbers in depths of 5 to 90 metres during previous expeditions. In both Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove, we found several hundred specimens in depths of between 15 and 100 m. The shell height was between 2.29 and 2.55 mm. The width was between 1.26 and 1.32 mm. The ratio of height to width was approximately 1.84 to 1.89, which is in the range given by Ponder (1983).</p><p>References. Ponder (1983), Arnaud et al. (1986), Dell (1990), Rauschert (1991), Ponder &amp; Worsfold (1994), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010a), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6EFFC4FF7B3E6AF831CCCB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3D28FBB4CAF9.text	03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3D28FBB4CAF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Proneptunea rufa P. G. Oliver & Picken 1984	<div><p>46. Proneptunea rufa P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984 [Figs 16H–I]</p><p>Proneptunea rufa P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984: 104, figs 18a, b, 20a, b, 21c</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 1 spm, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Borge Bay of Signy Island (Southern Orkney Islands), 5–13 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 5–90 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: -. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species in depths of 70 to 90 metres. It was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expedition in depth of 15 m.</p><p>References. Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3D28FBB4CAF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3872F9DDCDA4.text	03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3872F9DDCDA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prosipho crassicostatus (Melvill & Standen 1907)	<div><p>48. Prosipho crassicostatus (Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907) [Fig. 16K]</p><p>Chrysodomus (Sipho) crassicostatus Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907: 138, figs 10, 10a</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Scotia Bay (South Orkney Islands), 16 to 18 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 2–97 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it both in Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove in a depth of 70 m. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions in depths between 5 and 50 m.</p><p>References. Oliver &amp; Picken (1984), Dell (1990), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3872F9DDCDA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3EDDF965CC12.text	03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3EDDF965CC12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prosipho glacialis Thiele 1912	<div><p>47. Prosipho glacialis Thiele, 1912 [Fig. 16J]</p><p>Prosipho glacialis Thiele, 1912: 208, pl. 12, fig. 34</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea), 385 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 15–870 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found a single specimen in the Fildes Strait at a depth of 70 m. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expedition in depth of 30 m.</p><p>References. Egorova (1982), Dell (1990), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3EDDF965CC12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3A28FE6FCFF9.text	03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3A28FE6FCFF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prosipho spiralis Thiele 1912	<div><p>49. Prosipho spiralis Thiele, 1912 [Figs 16L–O]</p><p>Prosipho spiralis Thiele, 1912: 209, pl. 13, fig. 2</p><p>Material examined. • 2 spms, Stn. 3.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea), 385 m depth .</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 94–987 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it in Ardley Cove in a depth of 100 m. This is probably the first record from King George Island, but it is already known from the neighbouring Bransfield Strait.</p><p>References. Dell (1990), Numanami (1996), Engl (2012), Kantor et al. (2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6CFFC6FF7B3A28FE6FCFF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3D28FF46CA95.text	03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3D28FF46CA95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trophon leptocharteres P. G. Oliver & Picken 1984	<div><p>50. Trophon leptocharteres P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984 [Figs 17A–C]</p><p>Trophon leptocharteres P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984: 109, figs 28, 31a, b</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 14.</p><p>Type locality. Borge Bay on Signy Island (South Orkney Islands), 15 to 30 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 10–130 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. The maximum height is 26.2 mm. During our study we found one single specimen (height 15 mm) in Ardley Cove in a depth of 70 m. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions in depths between 10 and 30 m.</p><p>References. Oliver &amp; Picken (1984), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010b), Engl (2012), Aldea et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3D28FF46CA95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3EF9FF5CCCE6.text	03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3EF9FF5CCCE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trophon minutus Melvill & Standen 1907	<div><p>51. Trophon minutus Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907 [Figs 17D–F]</p><p>Trophon minutus Melvill &amp; Standen, 1907: 137, figs 7, 7a</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2; • 3 spms, Stn. 10.</p><p>Type locality. Scotia Bay (South Orkney Islands), 17 to 28 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 2–305 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Kerguelen Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Magellan Strait.</p><p>Remarks. The maximum height of this species is about 9 mm. We found it in Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove in depths between 60 and 70 m. The maximum shell height of our material was 6 mm. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions in depths between 15 and 60 m.</p><p>References. Oliver &amp; Picken (1984), Dell (1990), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010b), Engl (2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B3EF9FF5CCCE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B38E7FF46CE8C.text	03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B38E7FF46CE8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trophon nucelliformis P. G. Oliver & Picken 1984	<div><p>52. Trophon nucelliformis P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984 [Figs 17G–H]</p><p>Trophon nucelliformis P. G. Oliver &amp; Picken, 1984: 106, figs 27a, b, 30a, b</p><p>Material examined. 25 spms, Stn. 9.</p><p>Type locality. Borge Bay on Signy Island (South Orkney Islands), 2 to 20 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–44 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. It can reach a maximum height of 23.4 mm. During our study it was quite common on the intertidal station 9 at the Lapidary Point. In contrast to the other Trophon species in the area, which were found exclusively in the sublittoral, T. nucelliformis occurred only in the intertidal and was relatively common there. The maximum shell height was 19 mm. This species was already known from the study area from previous Soviet Antarctic expeditions in depths between 3 and 10 m.</p><p>References. Oliver &amp; Picken (1984), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2010b), Engl (2012), Aldea et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6BFFC1FF7B38E7FF46CE8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C6BFFC3FF7B3BBCF9A9C9A8.text	03A587813C6BFFC3FF7B3BBCF9A9C9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Belalora striatula (Thiele 1912)	<div><p>53. Belalora striatula (Thiele, 1912) [Figs 17I–J]</p><p>Bela striatula Thiele, 1912: 215, pl. 14, fig. 3</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 2.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea), 385 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 70–752 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found a single individual in 70 m depth. The shell was somewhat abraded and 6.7 mm high, which is slightly larger than the specimens described so far. This finding is probably the first record for King George Island.</p><p>References. Dell (1990), Hain (1990), Engl (2012), Kantor et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C6BFFC3FF7B3BBCF9A9C9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C69FFC3FF7B391EFAB8CE8B.text	03A587813C69FFC3FF7B391EFAB8CE8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antarctophiline alata (Thiele 1912)	<div><p>55. Antarctophiline alata (Thiele, 1912) [Figs 18C–D]</p><p>Philine alata Thiele, 1912: 220, pl. 14 figs 19–20</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 11.</p><p>Type locality. Gauss station (Davis Sea), 385 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 4–640 m.</p><p>Substrate. Soft bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. Although our specimen is badly damaged, the typical features of the species, a wing-shaped mouth opening is clearly visible. We found one specimen in 40 m depth. Antarctophiline alata has already been observed in previous studies in Maxwell Bay in depths between 5 and 20 m.</p><p>References. Hain (1990), Rauschert (1991), Engl (2012), Aldea &amp; Troncoso (2008, 2010a), Moles et al. (2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C69FFC3FF7B391EFAB8CE8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C69FFC3FF7B3F11F87BCC72.text	03A587813C69FFC3FF7B3F11F87BCC72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toledonia Dall 1902	<div><p>54. Toledonia sp. [Figs 18A–B]</p><p>Toledonia Dall, 1902: 512</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 10.</p><p>Remarks. Several species of the genus Toledonia are quite common in Antarctica (Engl 2012) . Although we can somewhat narrow down the potential number of species due to the punctate structure of the embryonic shell (e.g. T. punctata Thiele, 1912 or T. striata Thiele, 1912 are possible), we stick to the generic name of our material. We only found one specimen from 60 m depth. Both Arnaud et al. (1986) and Engl (2012) have already reported the genus from King George Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C69FFC3FF7B3F11F87BCC72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C69FFCDFF7B3BB7FEB8C938.text	03A587813C69FFCDFF7B3BB7FEB8C938.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Notaeolidia Eliot 1905	<div><p>56. Notaeolidia sp. [Figs 18E–H]</p><p>Notaeolidia Eliot, 1905: 520</p><p>Material examined. • 6 spms, Stn. 9; • 1 spm, Stn. 12.</p><p>Remarks. Lack of experience with nudibranchs and the limited material did not allow identification to species level. However, we are relatively certain that the specimens we found belong to the genus Notaeolidia . We found it mainly in the intertidal zone and one specimen also in 15 m depth. A comprehensive revision of the genus was published by Wägele (1990). Notaeolidia depressa Eliot, 1905 was found by Rauschert (1991) in the Fildes Strait in 40 m depth on rocks and is deposited in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH-MOL-0019164).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C69FFCDFF7B3BB7FEB8C938	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3ED9FAB1CCC6.text	03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3ED9FAB1CCC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Callochiton bouveti Thiele 1906	<div><p>57. Callochiton bouveti Thiele, 1906 [Figs 19A–C]</p><p>Callochiton bouveti Thiele, 1906: 330, pl. 29, figs 9–10</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 1; • 21 spms, Stn. 2; • 1 spm, Stn. 7.</p><p>Type locality. East off Bouvet Island, 567 m depth.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 9–567 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard and soft bottoms.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: Bouvet Island. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Magellan Strait, Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p><p>Remarks. We found this species in Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove in depths between 50 and 70 m. It was already known from Fildes Strait by previous studies.</p><p>References. Bergenheyn (1937), Kaas &amp; van Belle (1985b), Götting (1993), Forcelli (2000), Aldea et al. (2016, 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3ED9FAB1CCC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3972F83CCF1F.text	03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3972F83CCF1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiarthrum setulosum P. P. Carpenter 1876	<div><p>58. Hemiarthrum setulosum P. P. Carpenter, 1876 [Figs 19D–F]</p><p>Hemiarthrum setulosum P. P. Carpenter, 1876: 44 [in Dall 1876]</p><p>Material examined. • 4 spms, Stn. 5; • 4 spms, Stn. 6; • 2 spms, Stn. 9; • 1 spm, Stn. 15.</p><p>Type locality. Kerguelen Islands, on stones at low water.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–380 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom and macro algae.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Circum-Antarctic. SUBANTARCTICA: Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands, Macquarie Islands. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Magellan Strait, Tierra del Fuego, Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p><p>Remarks. We found it in Ardley Cove in depths between 0 and 100 m. It was already known from Fildes Strait and Admiralty Bay by previous studies in depths between 0 and 30 m.</p><p>References. Thiele (1906), Bergenheyn (1937), Kaas &amp; van Belle (1985a), Arnaud et al. (1986), Forcelli (2000), Sirenko (2006), Aldea et al. (2016, 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C67FFCDFF7B3972F83CCF1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
03A587813C65FFCFFF7B3D28FAB8CA95.text	03A587813C65FFCFFF7B3D28FAB8CA95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tonicina zschaui (Pfeffer 1886)	<div><p>59. Tonicina zschaui (Pfeffer, 1886) [Figs 19G–I]</p><p>Chiton zschaui Pfeffer, 1886: 105, pl. 3, fig. 2 [in Martens &amp; Pfeffer 1886]</p><p>Material examined. • 1 spm, Stn. 6; • 2 spms, Stn. 7; • 22 spms, Stn. 9; • 1 spm, Stn. 13.</p><p>Type locality. South Georgia.</p><p>Bathymetric distribution. 0–100 m.</p><p>Substrate. Hard bottom.</p><p>Geographical distribution. ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula. SUBANTARCTICA: -. SCOTIA ARC: South Georgia, South Shetland Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: -.</p><p>Remarks. We found it in Ardley Cove in depths between 0 and 100 m. It was already known from Fildes Strait and Ardley Cove by previous studies in depths between 3 and 30 m.</p><p>References. Thiele (1906), Bergenheyn (1937), Kaas &amp; van Belle (1985b), Götting (1993), Aldea et al. (2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587813C65FFCFFF7B3D28FAB8CA95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zettler, Michael L.;Bick, Andreas	Zettler, Michael L., Bick, Andreas (2025): Molluscs from a shallow bay of King George Island (Antarctica, South Shetland Islands): An annotated checklist with new distributional records. Zootaxa 5631 (3): 401-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5631.3.1
