taxonID	type	description	language	source
03A087E4FF9F3476FD913F9709816873.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Female. Small to medium-sized Clausocalanoida; prosome 3.4 – 5.1 times longer than urosome. Rostrum large, as rounded plate without filaments. Cephalosome and pediger 1 fused, pedigers 4 and 5 incompletely separate; posterior corners of prosome prolonged and obtusely rounded or acutely pointed. Antennule of 24 free segments. Antenna coxa without seta, basis with one small vestigial seta; endopodal segment 1 with one seta; exopod seven-segmented with 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0 and 3 setae. Gnathobase of mandible with keel, cutting edge bearing four to five teeth, one fork-like distally and tipped with three to four points; endopod segment 1 without seta, endopod segment 2 with six setae; basis with two setae, one very small; exopod foursegmented with 1, 1, 1 and 1 setae. Praecoxal endite of maxillule with nine terminal elements, four or five of them as thick spines, other setae modified (with swollen heads) or not; coxal endite with two setae, coxal epipodite with three to four setae, or setae absent; proximal basal endite with two setae; distal basal endite fused to endopod, with five setae (setal affiliation obscure); exopod with five or six setae. Proximal praecoxal endite of maxilla with one or two setal elements, distal with three setae; proximal and distal coxal endites with three setae each; proximal basal endite with four setae; endopod apparently three-segmented, with six long and slender worm-like sensory setae. Syncoxa of maxilliped without seta on proximal praecoxal endite, with one seta on middle endite and two setae on distal praecoxal endite; coxal endite bearing two setae. Setae of praecoxal endites poorly sclerotized but not aesthetasc-like. Basis with two medial setae, distal setae absent. Five-segmented endopod with 3, 2, 2, 3 + 1 and 4 setae. P 1 basis with or without medial distal seta; lateral lobe of endopod moderately developed. P 5 uniramous, two-segmented; distal segment with three spine-like unarticulated extensions terminally. Male. Unknown. Type species Rostrocalanus peracutus sp. nov. Etymology The generic name is derived from the Latin rostrum meaning beak and refers to the pronounced beak-like ventral process on the cephalon lacking any filaments. Remarks In addition to the characters of the family, the new genus differs from the remaining bradfordians by: (1) A 2 coxa without seta [shared with Brodskius, Undinella and some species of Tharybis (Tharybidae)]; (2) setation of A 2 exopod as 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0, 3 [shared with Grievella; other bradfordian genera differ in A 2 exopod setation by a more primitive type with one seta present on the first exopod proximal segment, or, for type with fewer setae on the second exopod proximal segment, see fig. 30 in Markhaseva and Ferrari (2005)]; (3) Md Enp 2 with six setae [shared with Frigocalanus (placement of this genus is unclear) and some species of Diaixis (Diaixidae), but usually nine setae in other bradfordian genera]; (4) Mx 1 epipodite with fewer than five setae (shared with Frigocalanus, but usually nine setae in other bradfordians); (5) setae on the proximal praecoxal endite of maxilliped syncoxa absent [shared with Brodskius, Undinella and Pseudophaenna (latter genus is of uncertain familiar nomenclatural status]; (6) Mx 2 proximal praecoxal endite with one or two setae (shared with some species of Undinella, but three to five setae in other bradfordians); (7) one seta on medial praecoxal endite of Mxp syncoxa [shared with Heteromalla (Scolecitrichidae?), vs two setae in other bradfordian genera]; (8) Mxp basis with two medial setae [shared with Undinella and Parkius (Parkiidae), vs. three setae in other bradfordian genera]; (9) segment 1 of maxilliped endopod with three setae (shared with some species of Undinella, but four setae in other bradfordian genera). Rostrocalanus peracutus sp. nov. (Figures 1 – 3) Material examined Holotype. Adult female, dissected, body length 1.30 mm (ZMH K- 41628); tropical Atlantic, 17 ° 06 9 S, 004 ° 42 9 E, station 344, 25 July 2000, above the seabed at a depth of 5415 m. Paratypes. One adult female, dissected, body length 1.25 mm (ZMH K- 41629); two adult females, partly dissected, body length 1.30 mm (ZIN 91091); same data as for holotype. Description Adult female. Total length 1.25 – 1.30 mm; prosome 4.4 – 5.1 times as long as urosome. Rostrum (Figure 1 C, D) large, as rounded plate without filaments. Cephalosome (Figure 1 A, B) and pediger 1 fused, pedigers 4 and 5 incompletely separate; posterior corners (Figure 1 F) significantly prolonged into sharp points extending to urosome somite 3. Spermathecae (Figure 1 E) with distal part oval-shaped and directed anterodorsally. Genital double somite and urosome somites 2 and 3 with fringe of spinules along posterior borders. Caudal rami (Figure 1 G) with four terminal plus one small dorsolateral and ventral setae each. Antennule reaching to posterior margin of pediger 3. Antennule (Figure 1 H – K) of 24 free segments, armature as follows: I 3 s, II – IV 6 s + 1 ae, V 2 s + 1 ae, VI 2 s, VII 2 s + 1 ae, VIII 2 s, IX 2 s + 1 ae; X – XI 3 s + 1 ae, XII to XIII 1 s each; XIV 2 s + 1 ae, XV 1 s, XVI 2 s + 1 ae, XVII to XIX 1 s each, XX 2 s, XXI 1 s + 1 ae, XXII to XXIII 1 s each, XXIV to XXVI 2 s each, XXVII – XXVIII incompletely separate with 2 s and 2 s + 1 ae, respectively. Antenna (Figure 2 A), coxa without seta; basis with one small vestigial seta; endopodal segment 1 with one seta, endopodal segment 2 with 13 setae; exopod seven-segmented with 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0 and 3 setae. Mandible (Figure 2 B – E), gnathobase with keel, cutting edge with four teeth, one fork-like with four points; exopod of four segments with 1, 1, 1 and 1 seta; endopod segment 1 without seta, endopod segment 2 with six setae; basis with two setae, one very small. Maxillule (Figure 2 F, G), praecoxal endite with nine terminal elements including five thick spines, one of which is shorter, and four soft setae distally swollen; coxal endite with two setae, coxal epipodite with four setae; proximal basal endite with two setae, distal basal endite fused to endopod, with five setae; exopod with six setae. Maxilla (Figure 2 H, J), proximal praecoxal endite bearing one seta, distal with three setae; proximal and distal coxal endites with three setae each; proximal basal endite with four setae, endopod three-segmented, with six long and slender wormlike sensory setae. Maxilliped (Figure 3 A, B), syncoxa without seta on proximal praecoxal endite, one seta on middle endite, and two setae on distal praecoxal endite; coxal endite with two setae; all setae of praecoxal endites poorly sclerotized but not aesthetasc-like. Basis with two medial setae; endopod five-segmented with 3, 2, 2, 3 + 1 and 4 setae. P 1 (Figure 3 C), basis with medial distal seta curved; endopod one-segmented with three medial and two terminal setae; lateral lobe well-developed, rounded and ornamented with spinules along distolateral margin; exopod three-segmented, segment 1 with lateral spine, segment 2 with lateral spine and medial seta, segment 3 with lateral spine, three medial setae and terminal spine. All lateral spines well developed, long, with spine on segment 1 shortest, on segment 3 longest and on segment 2 intermediate. P 2 (Figure 3 D), coxa with medial seta; basis with scattered spinules on posterior surface laterally; endopod two-segmented, segment 1 with one medial seta, segment 2 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae and furnished with spinules on posterior surface. Exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 3 (Figure 3 E), coxa with medial seta; basis with scattered spinules on posterior surface laterally; endopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; segment 3 with scattered spinules on posterior surface; exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 4 (Figure 3 F), coxa with medial seta; coxa, basis, endo- and exopod segments with scattered spinules on posterior surface; endopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one lateral spine and one medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 5 (Figure 3 G) uniramous, symmetrical, two-segmented; left coxa furnished with medial spinules; distal segment more than twice the length of coxa and with small patch of denticles posteriorly and three spine-like unarticulated extensions terminally. Male. Unknown. Etymology The specific name is derived from the Latin peracutus meaning very sharp, and refers to the shape of the prosomal posterior corners of the species.	en	Markhaseva, Elena L., Schulz, Knud, Arbizu, Pedro Martinez (2008): New family and genus Rostrocalanus gen. nov. (Crustacea: Calanoida: Rostrocalanidae fam. nov.) from deep Atlantic waters. Journal of Natural History 42 (37 - 38): 2417-2441, DOI: 10.1080/00222930802254771, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930802254771
03A087E4FF95346BFD913E2509E4692E.taxon	description	(Figures 4 – 6) Material examined Holotype. Adult female, dissected, body length 1.80 mm (ZMH K- 41626); tropical Atlantic, 22 ° 20 9 S, 003 ° 18 9 E, station 318, 9 July 2000, above the seabed at a depth of 5125 m. Paratypes. Three adult females, dissected, body length 1.75 – 1.90 mm (ZMH K- 41627), 17 ° 06 9 S, 004 ° 42 9 E, station 344, 25 July 2000, above the seabed at a depth of 5415 m. One adult female, undissected, in poor condition, body length 1.75 mm (ZIN 91089), 18 ° 19 9 S, 004 ° 40 9 E, station 338, 22 July 2000, above the seabed at a depth of 5397 m. Description Adult female, total length 1.75 – 1.90 mm; prosome 3.4 – 3.8 times as long as urosome. Rostrum (Figure 4 C, D) large, as rounded plate without filaments. Cephalosome (Figure 4 A, B) and pediger 1 fused, pedigers 4 and 5 incompletely separate; posterior corners (Figure 4 E, F, K – N) rounded in lateral view and extending approximately half way along genital double somite. Spermathecae (Figure 4 E – N) with distal part oval-shaped and directed anterodorsally. Genital double somite and urosome somites 2 and 3 with fringe of spinules on posterior border. Urosome and caudal rami with scattered spinules on dorsal, lateral and ventral sides. Caudal rami (Figure 4 G) with four terminal, one dorsolateral and one small ventral seta. Antennule reaching posterior border of pediger 3. Antennule (Figure 6 A – C) of 24 free segments, armature as follows: I 3 s, II – IV 6 s + 1 ae, V 2 s + 1 ae, VI 2 s, VII 2 s + 1 ae, VIII 2 s, IX 2 s + 1 ae; X – XI 4 s + 1 ae, XII to XIII 1 s each; XIV 2 s + 1 ae, XV 1 s, XVI 2 s + 1 ae, XVII to XIX 1 s each, XX 2 s, XXI 1 s + 1 ae, XXII to XXIII 1 s each, XXIV to XXVI 2 s each, XXVII – XXVIII incompletely separate with 2 s and 3 s + 1 ae respectively. Antenna (Figure 5 A), coxa without seta, basis with one small vestigial seta; endopodal segment 1 with one seta, endopodal segment 2 with 13 setae; exopod seven-segmented with 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 0 and 3 setae. Mandible (Figure 5 B – E), gnathobase with keel, cutting edge with four to five teeth, one fork-like with three points; exopod of four segments with 1, 1, 1 and 1 seta; endopod segment 1 without seta, endopod segment 2 with six setae; basis with two setae, one very small. Maxillule (Figure 5 F), praecoxal endite with nine terminal elements including four thick, long and three small and slender spines plus two setae proximally; coxal endite with two setae, coxal epipodite with three to four setae, or setae absent (left limb of holotype); proximal basal endite with two setae, distal basal endite fused to endopod and bearing five setae; exopod with five setae. Maxilla (Figure 5 G), proximal praecoxal endite with one seta and small attenuation, distal with three setae; proximal and distal coxal endites with three setae each; proximal basal endite with four setae, endopod indistinctly threesegmented, with six long and slender, worm-like sensory setae. Maxilliped (Figure 6 D), syncoxa without seta on proximal praecoxal endite, one seta on middle endite, and two setae on distal praecoxal endite; coxal endite with two setae; all setae of praecoxal endites poorly sclerotized but not aesthetasclike; basis with two medial setae; endopod five-segmented with 3, 2, 2, 3 + 1 and 4 setae. P 1 (Figure 6 E, F), basis without medial distal seta; endopod one-segmented with three medial and two terminal setae; lateral lobe poorly developed and ornamented with spinules along lateral margin; exopod three-segmented, segment 1 with lateral spine, segment 2 with lateral spine and medial seta, segment 3 with lateral spine, three medial setae and terminal spine. All lateral spines very long, with spine of segment 2 slightly longer than other. P 2 (Figure 6 G), coxa with medial seta; basis without spinules on posterior surface; endopod two-segmented, segment 1 with one medial seta, segment 2 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae and bearing spinules on posterior surface; exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 3 (Figure 6 H), coxa with medial seta; basis without spinules on posterior surface; endopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; segment 3 with scattered spinules on posterior surface; exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one lateral spine plus one medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 4 (Figure 6 J, K) with scattered spinules on posterior surface; coxa with medial seta; endopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, four medial setae and terminal spine. P 5 (Figure 6 L) uniramous, symmetrical, two-segmented; coxae without spinules; distal segment more than twice the length of coxa, with three spine-like unarticulated extensions terminally. Male unknown. Etymology The specific name is derived from the Latin cognatus meaning similar, and refers to the general resemblance of this species to the type species of the new genus. Remarks Rostrocalanus cognatus differs from the type species by: (1) posterior corners rounded (vs pointed in R. peracutus) and shorter than in R. peracutus; (2) urosomites and caudal rami with scattered spinules on dorsal, lateral and ventral sides (without spinules in R. peracutus); (3) setation of antennule segments XXVII – XXVIII: 5 s + 1 ae (4 s + 1 ae in R. peracutus); (4) cutting edge of mandible bearing fork-like tooth with three points (with four points in R. peracutus); (5) maxillule praecoxal endite with four thick and three small and slender spines (five thick spines and four soft aesthetasc-like setae in R. peracutus); (6) maxillule exopod with five setae (six setae in R. peracutus); (7) maxilla proximal praecoxal endite with one seta and small attenuation (one seta without attenuation in R. peracutus); (7) P 1 basis without medial distal seta (this seta present in R. peracutus); (8) endopod lateral lobe poorly developed bearing spinules along lateral margin (lateral lobe well developed, rounded, bearing spinules on distolateral margin in R. peracutus); (9) outer spine of P 1 exopod segment 2 slightly longer than other spines of exopod (in R. peracutus spine on segment 2 intermediate); (10) basis of P 2 and P 3 without scattered spinules on posterior surface (present in R. peracutus); (11) P 5 coxa without spinules (only left coxa with spinules in R. peracutus). An additional single female of Rostrocalanus cf. cognatus was found in sample 016 – 10 collected by RV Polarstern during the ANDEEP III expedition at depths of 4469 – 4725 m (41 ° 08 9 S, 009 ° 56 9 E), collected on 26 January 2005. The precise affiliation to the species could not be verified because of its poor condition.	en	Markhaseva, Elena L., Schulz, Knud, Arbizu, Pedro Martinez (2008): New family and genus Rostrocalanus gen. nov. (Crustacea: Calanoida: Rostrocalanidae fam. nov.) from deep Atlantic waters. Journal of Natural History 42 (37 - 38): 2417-2441, DOI: 10.1080/00222930802254771, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930802254771
